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Li H, Jiang X, Mashiguchi K, Yamaguchi S, Lu S. Biosynthesis and signal transduction of plant growth regulators and their effects on bioactive compound production in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). Chin Med 2024; 19:102. [PMID: 39049014 PMCID: PMC11267865 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are involved in multiple aspects of plant life, including plant growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli. They are also vital for the formation of secondary metabolites in various plants. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a famous herbal medicine and has been used commonly for > 2000 years in China, as well as widely used in many other countries. S. miltiorrhiza is extensively used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in clinical practices and has specific merit against various diseases. Owing to its outstanding medicinal and commercial potential, S. miltiorrhiza has been extensively investigated as an ideal model system for medicinal plant biology. Tanshinones and phenolic acids are primary pharmacological constituents of S. miltiorrhiza. As the growing market for S. miltiorrhiza, the enhancement of its bioactive compounds has become a research hotspot. S. miltiorrhiza exhibits a significant response to various PGRs in the production of phenolic acids and tanshinones. Here, we briefly review the biosynthesis and signal transduction of PGRs in plants. The effects and mechanisms of PGRs on bioactive compound production in S. miltiorrhiza are systematically summarized and future research is discussed. This article provides a scientific basis for further research, cultivation, and metabolic engineering in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqin Li
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Xuwen Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Bairuijia Food Co., Ltd, No. 8008, Yi Road, Laizhou, Yantai, 261400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiyoshi Mashiguchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Yamaguchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Shanfa Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Chen R, Chen K, Yao X, Zhang X, Yang Y, Su X, Lyu M, Wang Q, Zhang G, Wang M, Li Y, Duan L, Xie T, Li H, Yang Y, Zhang H, Guo Y, Jia G, Ge X, Sarris PF, Lin T, Sun D. Genomic analyses reveal the stepwise domestication and genetic mechanism of curd biogenesis in cauliflower. Nat Genet 2024; 56:1235-1244. [PMID: 38714866 PMCID: PMC11176064 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) is a distinctive vegetable that supplies a nutrient-rich edible inflorescence meristem for the human diet. However, the genomic bases of its selective breeding have not been studied extensively. Herein, we present a high-quality reference genome assembly C-8 (V2) and a comprehensive genomic variation map consisting of 971 diverse accessions of cauliflower and its relatives. Genomic selection analysis and deep-mined divergences were used to explore a stepwise domestication process for cauliflower that initially evolved from broccoli (Curd-emergence and Curd-improvement), revealing that three MADS-box genes, CAULIFLOWER1 (CAL1), CAL2 and FRUITFULL (FUL2), could have essential roles during curd formation. Genome-wide association studies identified nine loci significantly associated with morphological and biological characters and demonstrated that a zinc-finger protein (BOB06G135460) positively regulates stem height in cauliflower. This study offers valuable genomic resources for better understanding the genetic bases of curd biogenesis and florescent development in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ke Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Weed Control in Southern Farmland, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xingwei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjie Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Guan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Haichao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiying Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianhong Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Panagiotis F Sarris
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Tao Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Deling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China.
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Billah M, Renju L, Wei H, Qanmber G, Da Y, Lan Y, Qing-di Y, Fuguang L, Zhaoen Y. A cotton mitochondrial alternative electron transporter, GhD2HGDH, induces early flowering by modulating GA and photoperiodic pathways. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14378. [PMID: 38887925 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (D2HGDH) is a mitochondrial enzyme containing flavin adenine dinucleotide FAD, existing as a dimer, and it facilitates the specific oxidation of D-2HG to 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG), which is a key intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. A Genome-wide expression analysis (GWEA) has indicated an association between GhD2HGDH and flowering time. To further explore the role of GhD2HGDH, we performed a comprehensive investigation encompassing phenotyping, physiology, metabolomics, and transcriptomics in Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing GhD2HGDH. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR data exhibited heightened expression of GhD2HGDH in upland cotton flowers. Additionally, early-maturing cotton exhibited higher expression of GhD2HGDH across all tissues than delayed-maturing cotton. Subcellular localization confirmed its presence in the mitochondria. Overexpression of GhD2HGDH in Arabidopsis resulted in early flowering. Using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), we investigated the impact of GhD2HGDH on flowering in both early- and delayed-maturing cotton plants. Manipulation of GhD2HGDH expression levels led to changes in photosynthetic pigment and gas exchange attributes. GhD2HGDH responded to gibberellin (GA3) hormone treatment, influencing the expression of GA biosynthesis genes and repressing DELLA genes. Protein interaction studies, including yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementation (LUC), and GST pull-down assays, confirmed the interaction between GhD2HGDH and GhSOX (Sulfite oxidase). The metabolomics analysis demonstrated GhD2HGDH's modulation of the TCA cycle through alterations in various metabolite levels. Transcriptome data revealed that GhD2HGDH overexpression triggers early flowering by modulating the GA3 and photoperiodic pathways of the flowering core factor genes. Taken together, GhD2HGDH positively regulates the network of genes associated with early flowering pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum Billah
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Liu Renju
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Hu Wei
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ghulam Qanmber
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Da
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Lan
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yan Qing-di
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Li Fuguang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Zhaoen
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Gu J, Guan Z, Jiao Y, Liu K, Hong D. The story of a decade: Genomics, functional genomics, and molecular breeding in Brassica napus. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100884. [PMID: 38494786 PMCID: PMC11009362 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the major global sources of edible vegetable oil and is also used as a feed and pioneer crop and for sightseeing and industrial purposes. Improvements in genome sequencing and molecular marker technology have fueled a boom in functional genomic studies of major agronomic characters such as yield, quality, flowering time, and stress resistance. Moreover, introgression and pyramiding of key functional genes have greatly accelerated the genetic improvement of important traits. Here we summarize recent progress in rapeseed genomics and genetics, and we discuss effective molecular breeding strategies by exploring these findings in rapeseed. These insights will extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits and facilitate the breeding process, ultimately contributing to more sustainable agriculture throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432100 Hubei, China
| | - Zhilin Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Yushun Jiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya 572024 Hainan, China.
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Ding T, Cai L, He Y, Li Y, Tian E, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Wang X, Yu K, Shen X. BnPLP1 Positively Regulates Flowering Time, Plant Height, and Main Inflorescence Length in Brassica napus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2206. [PMID: 38137028 PMCID: PMC10743044 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein prenylation mediated by the Arabidopsis thaliana PLURIPETALA (AtPLP) gene plays a crucial role in plant growth, development, and environmental response by adding a 15-carbon farnesyl group or one to two 20-carbon geranylgeranyl groups onto one to two cysteine residues at the C-terminus of the target protein. However, the homologous genes and their functions of AtPLP in rapeseed are unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis and gene cloning demonstrated the existence of two homologous genes of AtPLP in the Brassica napus L. genome, namely, BnPLP1 and BnPLP2. Evolutionary analysis revealed that BnPLP1 originated from the B. rapa L. genome, while BnPLP2 originated from the B. oleracea L. genome. Genetic transformation analysis revealed that the overexpression of BnPLP1 in Arabidopsis plants exhibited earlier flowering initiation, a prolonged flowering period, increased plant height, and longer main inflorescence length compared to the wild type. Contrarily, the downregulation of BnPLP1 expression in B. napus plants led to delayed flowering initiation, shortened flowering period, decreased plant height, and reduced main inflorescence length compared to the wild type. These findings indicate that the BnPLP1 gene positively regulates flowering time, plant height, and main inflorescence length. This provides a new gene for the genetic improvement of flowering time and plant architecture in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ding
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Lei Cai
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemical of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuqi He
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuanhong Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Entang Tian
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Qianhui Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xufan Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Kunjiang Yu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemical of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xinjie Shen
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (T.D.); (L.C.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.); (E.T.); (Q.Z.); (X.Z.)
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Huang X, Wang J, Xia L, Chen C, Wang M, Lu J, Lu T, Li K, Liang R, He X, Luo C. Functional studies of four MiFPF genes in mango revealed their function in promoting flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 285:153994. [PMID: 37105044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Flowering promoting factor (FPF) genes play a substantial regulatory role in the process of flowering. In the present study, four MiFPF genes, namely, MiFPF1, MiFPF2, MiFPF3a, and MiFPF3b, were obtained from mango (Mangifera indica L.). Tissue expression analysis showed that MiFPFs were expressed in all mango tissues. Specifically, MiFPF1 and MiFPF2 were highly expressed in leaves, while MiFPF3a and MiFPF3b were highly expressed in flowers and buds. The four MiFPF proteins localize to the nucleus. Overexpression of MiFPFs in transgenic Arabidopsis resulted in early flowering and upregulated the expression of APETAL1 (AP1), FLOWERING LOCUS D (FD) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). MiFPF genes increased the root growth of transgenic Arabidopsis plants under gibberellin treatment. BiFC assays showed that MiFPFs can interact with several DELLA proteins. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the MiFPF gene was involved not only in promoting flowering but also in increasing root growth under gibberellin (GA3) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingzun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Liming Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Canni Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiamei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Kaijiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinhua He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Cong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
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Li B, Liu X, Guo Y, Deng L, Qu L, Yan M, Li M, Wang T. BnaC01.BIN2, a GSK3-like kinase, modulates plant height and yield potential in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:29. [PMID: 36867248 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Using map-based cloning and transgenic transformation, we revealed that glycogen kinase synthase 3-like kinase, BnaC01.BIN2, modulates plant height and yield in rapeseed. The modification of plant height is one of the most important goals in rapeseed breeding. Although several genes that regulate rapeseed plant height have been identified, the genetics mechanisms underlying rapeseed plant height regulation remain poorly understood, and desirable genetic resources for rapeseed ideotype breeding are scarce. Here, we map-based cloned and functionally verified that the rapeseed semi-dominant gene, BnDF4, greatly affects rapeseed plant height. Specifically, BnDF4 encodes brassinosteroid (BR)-insensitive 2, a glycogen synthase kinase 3 primarily expressed in the lower internodes to modulate rapeseed plant height by blocking basal internode-cell elongation. Transcriptome data showed that several cell expansion-related genes involving auxin and BRs pathways were significantly downregulated in the semi-dwarf mutant. Heterozygosity in the BnDF4 allele results in small stature with no marked differences in other agronomic traits. Using BnDF4 in the heterozygous condition, the hybrid displayed strong yield heterosis through optimum intermediate plant height. Our results provide a desirable genetic resource for breeding semi-dwarf rapeseed phenotypes and support an effective strategy for breeding rapeseed hybrid varieties with strong yield heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Xinhong Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yiming Guo
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Lichao Deng
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Liang Qu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Mingli Yan
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Mei Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Tonghua Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Hunan Hybrid Rapeseed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
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8
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Luo W, Zhao Z, Chen H, Ao W, Lu L, Liu J, Li X, Sun Y. Genome-wide characterization and expression of DELLA genes in Cucurbita moschata reveal their potential roles under development and abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1137126. [PMID: 36909418 PMCID: PMC9995975 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1137126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
DELLA gene family plays a key role in regulating plant development and responding to stress. Currently, many DELLA family members have been identified in plants, however, information on DELLA genes in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is scarce. In this study, physical and chemical properties, gene structure cis-regulatory elements and expression of CmoDELLA genes were examined in pumpkin. We found that seven CmoDELLA genes were identified in pumpkin, and they were unevenly classified into five chromosomes. CmoDELLA proteins were relatively unstable and their secondary structures were mainly made up α-helix and random coil. All seven CmoDELLA proteins contained typical DELLA domain and GRAS domain, however, motif numbers between CmoDELLA proteins were unevenly distributed, implying the complex evolution and functional diversification of CmoDELLA proteins. Cis-regulatory elements analysis revealed that CmoDELLA genes might play an essential role in regulating plant growth and development, and response to stress in pumpkin. Transcriptome data in the roots, stems, leaves and fruits demonstrated that CmoDELLA2, CmoDELLA3 and CmoDELLA7 were related to the stems development, CmoDELLA1, CmoDELLA4, CmoDELLA5 and CmoDELLA6 were associated with the fruits development. Furthermore, we found that CmoDELLA1 and CmoDELLA5 were up-regulated under NaCl stress. CmoDELLA1, CmoDELLA2, CmoDELLA3, CmoDELLA5, CmoDELLA6 and CmoDELLA7 were remarkably induced under waterlogging stress. While, all of the 7 CmoDELLA genes showed significantly induced expression under cold stress. The expression patterns under abiotic stress suggested that CmoDELLA genes might mediate the stress response of pumpkin to NaCl, waterlogging and cold, however, the functions of different CmoDELLA genes varied under different stress. Overall, our study provides valuable information for further research about the potential functions and regulatory networks of CmoDELLA genes in pumpkin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weirong Luo
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhenxiang Zhao
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongzhi Chen
- College of Bioengineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenhong Ao
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lin Lu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinzheng Li
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongdong Sun
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
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9
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Nowicka B. Modifications of Phytohormone Metabolism Aimed at Stimulation of Plant Growth, Improving Their Productivity and Tolerance to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Factors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3430. [PMID: 36559545 PMCID: PMC9781743 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing human population, the increase in crop yield is an important challenge for modern agriculture. As abiotic and biotic stresses cause severe losses in agriculture, it is also crucial to obtain varieties that are more tolerant to these factors. In the past, traditional breeding methods were used to obtain new varieties displaying demanded traits. Nowadays, genetic engineering is another available tool. An important direction of the research on genetically modified plants concerns the modification of phytohormone metabolism. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art research concerning the modulation of phytohormone content aimed at the stimulation of plant growth and the improvement of stress tolerance. It aims to provide a useful basis for developing new strategies for crop yield improvement by genetic engineering of phytohormone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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10
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Zhao C, Yang L, Tang M, Liu L, Huang J, Tong C, Xiang Y, Liu S, Cheng X, Xie M. Genome-wide association study reveals a GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 gene regulating plant height in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1061196. [PMID: 36407634 PMCID: PMC9666772 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1061196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is an allotetraploid crop that is the main source of edible oils and feed proteins in the world. The ideal plant architecture breeding is a major objective of rapeseed breeding and determining the appropriate plant height is a key element of the ideal plant architecture. Therefore, this study aims to improve the understanding of the genetic controls underlying plant height. The plant heights of 230 rapeseed accessions collected worldwide were investigated in field experiments over two consecutive years in Wuhan, China. Whole-genome resequencing of these accessions yielded a total of 1,707,194 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were used for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). GWAS and haplotype analysis showed that BnaA01g09530D, which encodes BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 and belongs to the GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 (GSK3) family, was significantly associated with plant height in B. napus. Moreover, a total of 31 BnGSK3s with complete domains were identified from B. napus genome and clustered into four groups according to phylogenetic analysis, gene structure, and motif distribution. The expression patterns showed that BnGSK3s exhibited significant differences in 13 developmental tissues in B. napus, suggesting that BnGSK3s may be involved in tissue-specific development. Sixteen BnGSK3 genes were highly expressed the in shoot apical meristem, which may be related to plant height or architecture development. These results are important for providing new haplotypes of plant height in B. napus and for extending valuable genetic information for rapeseed genetic improvement of plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanji Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Minqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lijiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meili Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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11
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Ping X, Ye Q, Yan M, Zeng J, Yan X, Li H, Li J, Liu L. Integrated genetic mapping and transcriptome analysis reveal the BnaA03.IAA7 protein regulates plant architecture and gibberellin signaling in Brassica napus L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3497-3510. [PMID: 35962210 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel mutation in the BnaA03.IAA7 protein reduces plant height and enhances gibberellin signaling in Brassica napus L. Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is an excellent and important source for vegetable oil production, but its production is severely affected by lodging. Lodging hinders mechanization and decreases yield, and an ideal solution is semidwarf breeding. Limited by germplasm resources, semidwarf breeding developed slowly in rapeseed. In the current study, a mutant called sdA03 was isolated from EMS-mutagenized lines of Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11). The inheritance analysis showed that phenotypes of sdA03 were controlled by a single semidominant gene. Genetic mapping, RNA-seq and candidate gene analysis identified BnaA03.IAA7 as a candidate gene, and a function test confirmed that the mutated BnaA03.iaa7 regulates plant architecture in a dose-dependent manner. Yeast two-hybrid and transient expression experiments illustrated the P87L substitution in the GWPPV/I degron motif of BnaA03.iaa7 impaired the interaction between BnaA03.IAA7 and TIR1 proteins, and BnaA03.iaa7 prevented ARF from activating the auxin signaling pathway.The gibberellin (GA) content was higher in sdA03 hypocotyls than in those of ZS11. Further expression analysis showed more active gibberellin signaling in hypocotyl and richer expression of GA synthetic genes in root and cotyledon of sdA03 seedlings. Finally, a marker was developed based on the SNP found in BnaA03.iaa7 and used in molecular breeding. The study enriched our understanding of the architectural regulation of rapeseed and provided germplasm resources for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Ping
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qianjun Ye
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mei Yan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jianyan Zeng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xingying Yan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiana Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Liezhao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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12
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BBX24 Interacts with DELLA to Regulate UV-B-Induced Photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137386. [PMID: 35806395 PMCID: PMC9266986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
UV-B radiation, sensed by the photoreceptor UVR8, induces signal transduction for plant photomorphogenesis. UV-B radiation affects the concentration of the endogenous plant hormone gibberellin (GA), which in turn triggers DELLA protein degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway. DELLA is a negative regulator in GA signaling, partially relieving the inhibition of hypocotyl growth induced by UV-B in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, GAs do usually not work independently but integrate in complex networks linking to other plant hormones and responses to external environmental signals. Until now, our understanding of the regulatory network underlying GA-involved UV-B photomorphogenesis had remained elusive. In the present research, we investigate the crosstalk between the GA and UV-B signaling pathways in UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared with wild type Landsberg erecta (Ler), the abundance of HY5, CHS, FLS, and UF3GT were found to be down-regulated in rga-24 and gai-t6 mutants under UV-B radiation, indicating that DELLA is a positive regulator in UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis. Our results indicate that BBX24 interacts with RGA (one of the functional DELLA family members). Furthermore, we also found that RGA interacts with HY5 (the master regulator in plant photomorphogenesis). Collectively, our findings suggest that the HY5−BBX24−DELLA module serves as an important signal regulating network, in which GA is involved in UV-B signaling to regulate hypocotyl inhibition.
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13
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Wang S, Luo C, Sun L, Ning K, Chen Z, Yang J, Wang Y, Wang Q. LsRGL1 controls the bolting and flowering times of lettuce by modulating the gibberellin pathway. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 316:111175. [PMID: 35151458 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bolting, which is a serious problem during lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production, is responsible for substantial annual yield and quality losses. Gibberellin plays a critical role in the regulation of lettuce bolting. Additionally, DELLA proteins negatively regulate the gibberellin signaling pathway. However, it is unclear if DELLA proteins are involved in the regulation of lettuce bolting. Therefore, in this study, we identified four DELLA-encoding genes in lettuce, including LsRGL1, which was highly expressed in the stem and negatively correlated with bolting. Knocking down this gene in lettuce promoted bolting, whereas its overexpression inhibited bolting and the biosynthesis of gibberellin and auxin. A transcriptome analysis revealed that genes involved in gibberellin and auxin biosynthesis and flowering were affected in the LsRGL1-overexpressing lines. The yeast two-hybrid and yeast one-hybrid assay results indicated that LsRGL1 can interact with LsGA3ox and the LsYUC4 promoter region. Considered together, the results of this study suggest LsRGL1 negatively regulates lettuce bolting. Furthermore, its function may depend on modifications to gibberellin and auxin levels mediated at the transcript and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kang Ning
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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14
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Combined BSA-Seq Based Mapping and RNA-Seq Profiling Reveal Candidate Genes Associated with Plant Architecture in Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052472. [PMID: 35269615 PMCID: PMC8910715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant architecture involves important agronomic traits affecting crop yield, resistance to lodging, and fitness for mechanical harvesting in Brassica napus. Breeding high-yield varieties with plant architecture suitable for mechanical harvesting is the main goal of rapeseed breeders. Here, we report an accession of B. napus (4942C-5), which has a dwarf and compact plant architecture in contrast to cultivated varieties. A BC8 population was constructed by crossing a normal plant architecture line, 8008, with the recurrent parent 4942C-5. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying plant architecture, we performed phytohormone profiling, bulk segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-Seq), and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in BC8 plants with contrasting plant architecture. Genetic analysis indicated the plant architecture traits of 4942C-5 were recessive traits controlled by multiple genes. The content of auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA) differed significantly between plants with contrasting plant architecture in the BC8 population. Based on BSA-Seq analysis, we identified five candidate intervals on chromosome A01, namely those of 0 to 6.33 Mb, 6.45 to 6.48 Mb, 6.51 to 6.53 Mb, 6.77 to 6.79 Mb, and 7 to 7.01 Mb regions. The RNA-Seq analysis revealed a total of 4378 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 2801 were up-regulated and 1577 were down-regulated. There, further analysis showed that genes involved in plant hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction, cell structure, and the phenylpropanoid pathway might play a pivotal role in the morphogenesis of plant architecture. Association analysis of BSA-Seq and RNA-Seq suggested that seven DEGs involved in plant hormone signal transduction and a WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene (BnaA01g01910D) might be candidate genes responsible for the dwarf and compact phenotype in 4942C-5. These findings provide a foundation for elucidating the mechanisms underlying rapeseed plant architecture and should contribute to breed new varieties suitable for mechanization.
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15
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Yan G, Yu P, Tian X, Guo L, Tu J, Shen J, Yi B, Fu T, Wen J, Liu K, Ma C, Dai C. DELLA proteins BnaA6.RGA and BnaC7.RGA negatively regulate fatty acid biosynthesis by interacting with BnaLEC1s in Brassica napus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2011-2026. [PMID: 33982357 PMCID: PMC8486242 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Seed oil content (SOC) and fatty acid (FA) composition determine the quality and economic value of rapeseed (Brassica napus). Little is known about the role of gibberellic acid (GA) in regulating FA biosynthesis in B. napus. Here, we discovered that four BnaRGAs (B. napus REPRESSOR OF GA), encoding negative regulators of GA signalling, were suppressed during seed development. Compared to the wild type, SOC was reduced in gain-of-function mutants bnaa6.rga-D and ds-3, which also showed reduced oleic acid and increased linoleic acid contents. By contrast, the loss-of-function quadruple mutant bnarga displayed higher SOC during early seed development than the wild type, with increased oleic acid and reduced linoleic acid contents. Notably, only BnaA6.RGA and BnaC7.RGA physically interacted with two BnaLEC1s, which function as essential transcription factors in FA biosynthesis. The FA composition did not significantly differ between bnarga bnalec1 sextuple mutants and bnalec1, suggesting that BnaLEC1s are epistatic to BnaRGAs in the regulation of FA composition. Furthermore, BnaLEC1-induced activation of BnaABI3 expression was repressed by BnaA6.RGA, indicating that GA triggers the degradation of BnaRGAs to relieve their repression of BnaLEC1s, thus promoting the transcription of downstream genes to facilitate oil biosynthesis. Therefore, we uncovered a developmental stage-specific role of GA in regulating oil biosynthesis via the GA-BnaRGA-BnaLEC1 signalling cascade, providing a novel mechanistic understanding of how phytohormones regulate FA biosynthesis in seeds. BnaRGAs represent promising targets for oil crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanbo Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Pugang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xia Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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16
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Yang M, He J, Wan S, Li W, Chen W, Wang Y, Jiang X, Cheng P, Chu P, Shen W, Guan R. Fine mapping of the BnaC04.BIL1 gene controlling plant height in Brassica napus L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:359. [PMID: 34353289 PMCID: PMC8340546 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant height is an important architecture trait which is a fundamental yield-determining trait in crops. Variety with dwarf or semi-dwarf phenotype is a major objective in the breeding because dwarfing architecture can help to increase harvest index, increase planting density, enhance lodging resistance, and thus be suitable for mechanization harvest. Although some germplasm or genes associated with dwarfing plant type have been carried out. The molecular mechanisms underlying dwarfism in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) are poorly understood, restricting the progress of breeding dwarf varieties in this species. Here, we report a new dwarf mutant Bndwarf2 from our B. napus germplasm. We studied its inheritance and mapped the dwarf locus BnDWARF2. RESULTS The inheritance analysis showed that the dwarfism phenotype was controlled by one semi-dominant gene, which was mapped in an interval of 787.88 kb on the C04 chromosome of B. napus by Illumina Brassica 60 K Bead Chip Array. To fine-map BnDWARF2, 318 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were designed to uniformly cover the mapping interval. Among them, 15 polymorphic primers that narrowed down the BnDWARF2 locus to 34.62 kb were detected using a F2:3 family population with 889 individuals. Protein sequence analysis showed that only BnaC04.BIL1 (BnaC04g41660D) had two amino acid residues substitutions (Thr187Ser and Gln399His) between ZS11 and Bndwarf2, which encoding a GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 (GSK3-like). The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the BnaC04.BIL1 gene expressed in all tissues of oilseed rape. Subcellular localization experiment showed that BnaC04.BIL1 was localized in the nucleus in tobacco leaf cells. Genetic transformation experiments confirmed that the BnaC04.BIL1 is responsible for the plant dwarf phenotype in the Bndwarf2 mutants. Overexpression of BnaC04.BIL1 reduced plant height, but also resulted in compact plant architecture. CONCLUSIONS A dominant dwarfing gene, BnaC04.BIL1, encodes an GSK3-like that negatively regulates plant height, was mapped and isolated. Our identification of a distinct gene locus may help to improve lodging resistance in oilseed rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jianbo He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shubei Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weiyan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yangming Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xiaomei Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Pu Chu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Rongzhan Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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17
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Sarwar R, Jiang T, Ding P, Gao Y, Tan X, Zhu K. Genome-wide analysis and functional characterization of the DELLA gene family associated with stress tolerance in B. napus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:286. [PMID: 34157966 PMCID: PMC8220683 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica napus is an essential crop for oil and livestock feed. Eventually, this crop's economic interest is at the most risk due to anthropogenic climate change. DELLA proteins constitute a significant repressor of plant growth to facilitate survival under constant stress conditions. DELLA proteins lack DNA binding domain but can interact with various transcription factors or transcription regulators of different hormonal families. Significant progress has been made on Arabidopsis and cereal plants. However, no comprehensive study regarding DELLA proteins has been delineated in rapeseed. RESULTS In our study, we have identified 10 BnaDELLA genes. All of the BnaDELLA genes are closely related to five AtDELLA genes, suggesting a relative function and structure. Gene duplication and synteny relationship among Brassica. napus, Arabidopsis. thaliana, Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, and Brassica nigra genomes were also predicted to provide valuable insights into the BnaDELLA gene family evolutionary characteristics. Chromosomal mapping revealed the uneven distribution of BnaDELLA genes on eight chromosomes, and site-specific selection assessment proposes BnaDELLA genes purifying selection. The motifs composition in all BnaDELLA genes is inconsistent; however, every BnaDELLA gene contains 12 highly conserved motifs, encoding DELLA and GRAS domains. The two known miRNAs (bna-miR6029 and bna-miR603) targets BnaC07RGA and BnaA09GAI, were also predicted. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis has exhibited the BnaDELLA genes diverse expression patterns in the root, mature-silique, leaf, flower, flower-bud, stem, shoot-apex, and seed. Additionally, cis-acting element prediction shows that all BnaDELLA genes contain light, stress, and hormone-responsive elements on their promoters. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment report indicated that the BnaDELLA gene family might regulate stress responses. Combine with transcriptomic data used in this study, we detected the distinct expression patterns of BnaDELLA genes under biotic and abiotic stresses. CONCLUSION In this study, we investigate evolution feature, genomic structure, miRNAs targets, and expression pattern of the BnaDELLA gene family in B. napus, which enrich our understanding of BnaDELLA genes in B. napus and suggests modulating individual BnaDELLA expression is a promising way to intensify rapeseed stress tolerance and harvest index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehman Sarwar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Keming Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Dong Z, Alam MK, Xie M, Yang L, Liu J, Helal MMU, Huang J, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Zhao C, Liu S. Mapping of a major QTL controlling plant height using a high-density genetic map and QTL-seq methods based on whole-genome resequencing in Brassica napus. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6219302. [PMID: 33836054 PMCID: PMC8495924 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Plant height is a crucial element related to plant architecture that influences the seed yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). In this study, we isolated a natural B. napus mutant, namely a semi-dwarf mutant (sdw-e), which exhibits a 30% reduction in plant height compared with Zhongshuang 11-HP (ZS11-HP). Quantitative trait locus sequencing (QTL-seq) was conducted using two extreme DNA bulks in F2 populations in Wuchang-2017 derived from ZS11-HP × sdw-e to identify QTLs associated with plant height. The result suggested that two QTL intervals were located on chromosome A10. The F2 population consisting of 200 individuals in Yangluo-2018 derived from ZS11-HP × sdw-e was used to construct a high-density linkage map using whole-genome resequencing. The high-density linkage map harbored 4323 bin markers and covered a total distance of 2026.52 cM with an average marker interval of 0.47 cM. The major QTL for plant height named qPHA10 was identified on linkage group A10 by interval mapping and composite interval mapping methods. The major QTL qPHA10 was highly consistent with the QTL-seq results. And then, we integrated the variation sites and expression levels of genes in the major QTL interval to predict the candidate genes. Thus, the identified QTL and candidate genes could be used in marker-assisted selection for B. napus breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Dong
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.,National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Khorshed Alam
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Meili Xie
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.,Biosystematics Group, Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jie Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.,National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - M M U Helal
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Junyan Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Chuanji Zhao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
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19
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Li X, Xiang F, Zhang W, Yan J, Li X, Zhong M, Yang P, Chen C, Liu X, Mao D, Zhao X. Characterization and fine mapping of a new dwarf mutant in Brassica napus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:117. [PMID: 33637037 PMCID: PMC7908660 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant height is an important plant characteristic closely related to yield performance of many crops. Reasonable reduction of plant height of crops is beneficial for improving yield and enhancing lodging resistance. RESULTS In the present study, we described the Brassica napus dwarf mutant bnd2 that was isolated using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. Compared to wild type (WT), bnd2 exhibited reduced height and shorter hypocotyl and petiole leaves. By crossing the bnd2 mutant with the WT strain, we found that the ratio of the mutant to the WT in the F2 population was close to 1:3, indicating that bnd2 is a recessive mutation of a single locus. Following bulked segregant analysis (BSA) by resequencing, BND2 was found to be located in the 13.77-18.08 Mb interval of chromosome A08, with a length of 4.31 Mb. After fine mapping with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion/deletion (InDel) markers, the gene was narrowed to a 140-Kb interval ranging from 15.62 Mb to 15.76 Mb. According to reference genome annotation, there were 27 genes in the interval, of which BnaA08g20960D had an SNP type variation in the intron between the mutant and its parent, which may be the candidate gene corresponding to BND2. The hybrid line derived from a cross between the mutant bnd2 and the commercial cultivar L329 had similar plant height but higher grain yield compared to the commercial cultivar, suggesting that the allele bnd2 is beneficial for hybrid breeding of lodging resistant and high yield rapeseed. CONCLUSION In this study, we identified a novel dwarf mutant of rapeseed with a new locus, which may be useful for functional analyses of genetic mechanisms of plant architecture and grain yield in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Fujiang Xiang
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Agronnomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jindong Yan
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xinmei Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Piao Yang
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Caiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Donghai Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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20
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Kaur S, Atri C, Akhatar J, Mittal M, Kaur R, Banga SS. Genetics of days to flowering, maturity and plant height in natural and derived forms of Brassica rapa L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:473-487. [PMID: 33084931 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Genome wide association studies enabled prediction of many candidate genes for flowering, maturity and plant height under differing day-length conditions. Some genes were envisaged only from derived B. rapa. Flowering and plant height are the key life history traits. These are crucial for adaptation and productivity. Current investigations aimed to examine genotypic differences governing days to flowering, maturity and plant height under contrasting day-length conditions; and identify genomic regions governing the observed phenotypic variations. An association panel comprising 195 inbred lines, representing natural (NR) and derived (DR) forms of Brassica rapa (AA; 2n = 20), was evaluated at two sowing dates and two locations, representing different day-length regimes. Derived B. rapa is a unique pre-breeding material extracted from B. juncea (AABB; 2n = 36). Population structure analysis, using DArT genotypes established derived B. rapa as a genetic resource distinct from natural B. rapa. Genome wide association studies facilitated detection of many trait associated SNPs. Chromosomes A03, A05 and A09 harboured majority of these. Functional annotation of the associated SNPs and surrounding genome space(s) helped to predict 43 candidate genes. Many of these were predicted under specific day-length conditions. Important among these were the genes encoding floral meristem identity (SPL3, SPL15, AP3, BAM2), photoperiodic responses (COL2, AGL18, SPT, NF-YC4), gibberellic acid biosynthesis (GA1) and regulation of flowering (EBS). Some of the predicted genes were detected for DR subpanel alone. Genes controlling hormones, auxins and gibberellins appeared important for the regulation of plant height. Many of the significant SNPs were located on chromosomes harbouring previously reported QTLs and candidate genes. The identified loci may be used for marker-assisted selection after due validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehdeep Kaur
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Chhaya Atri
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Javed Akhatar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Meenakshi Mittal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rimaljeet Kaur
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Surinder S Banga
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
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21
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Raza A, Razzaq A, Mehmood SS, Hussain MA, Wei S, He H, Zaman QU, Xuekun Z, Hasanuzzaman M. Omics: The way forward to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in Brassica napus L. GM CROPS & FOOD 2021; 12:251-281. [PMID: 33464960 PMCID: PMC7833762 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2020.1859898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plant abiotic stresses negative affects growth and development, causing a massive reduction in global agricultural production. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a major oilseed crop because of its economic value and oilseed production. However, its productivity has been reduced by many environmental adversities. Therefore, it is a prime need to grow rapeseed cultivars, which can withstand numerous abiotic stresses. To understand the various molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the abiotic stress tolerance and improvement in rapeseed, omics approaches have been extensively employed in recent years. This review summarized the recent advancement in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and their imploration in abiotic stress regulation in rapeseed. Some persisting bottlenecks have been highlighted, demanding proper attention to fully explore the omics tools. Further, the potential prospects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for genome editing to assist molecular breeding in developing abiotic stress-tolerant rapeseed genotypes have also been explained. In short, the combination of integrated omics, genome editing, and speed breeding can alter rapeseed production worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Wuhan, China
| | - Ali Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sundas Saher Mehmood
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hussain
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Wuhan, China
| | - Su Wei
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Wuhan, China
| | - Huang He
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Wuhan, China
| | - Qamar U Zaman
- Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) , Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Xuekun
- College of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland of Ministry of Education, Yangtze University Jingzhou , China
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University , Dhaka, Bangladesh
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22
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Cheng H, Hao M, Ding B, Mei D, Wang W, Wang H, Zhou R, Liu J, Li C, Hu Q. Base editing with high efficiency in allotetraploid oilseed rape by A3A-PBE system. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:87-97. [PMID: 32640102 PMCID: PMC7769242 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas-base editing is an emerging technology that could convert a nucleotide to another type at the target site. In this study, A3A-PBE system consisting of human A3A cytidine deaminase fused with a Cas9 nickase and uracil glycosylase inhibitor was established and developed in allotetraploid Brassica napus. We designed three sgRNAs to target ALS, RGA and IAA7 genes, respectively. Base-editing efficiency was demonstrated to be more than 20% for all the three target genes. Target sequencing results revealed that the editing window ranged from C1 to C10 of the PAM sequence. Base-edited plants of ALS conferred high herbicide resistance, while base-edited plants of RGA or IAA7 exhibited decreased plant height. All the base editing could be genetically inherited from T0 to T1 generation. Several Indel mutations were confirmed at the target sites for all the three sgRNAs. Furthermore, though no C to T substitution was detected at the most potential off-target sites, large-scale SNP variations were determined through whole-genome sequencing between some base-edited and wild-type plants. These results revealed that A3A-PBE base-editing system could effectively convert C to T substitution with high-editing efficiency and broadened editing window in oilseed rape. Mutants for ALS, IAA7 and RGA genes could be potentially applied to confer herbicide resistance for weed control or with better plant architecture suitable for mechanic harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Cheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Mengyu Hao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Bingli Ding
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Desheng Mei
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Rijin Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Jia Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Chao Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
| | - Qiong Hu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina
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23
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Liu B, Zhao S, Li P, Yin Y, Niu Q, Yan J, Huang D. Plant buffering against the high-light stress-induced accumulation of CsGA2ox8 transcripts via alternative splicing to finely tune gibberellin levels and maintain hypocotyl elongation. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:2. [PMID: 33384414 PMCID: PMC7775442 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00430-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In plants, alternative splicing (AS) is markedly induced in response to environmental stresses, but it is unclear why plants generate multiple transcripts under stress conditions. In this study, RNA-seq was performed to identify AS events in cucumber seedlings grown under different light intensities. We identified a novel transcript of the gibberellin (GA)-deactivating enzyme Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 8 (CsGA2ox8). Compared with canonical CsGA2ox8.1, the CsGA2ox8.2 isoform presented intron retention between the second and third exons. Functional analysis proved that the transcript of CsGA2ox8.1 but not CsGA2ox8.2 played a role in the deactivation of bioactive GAs. Moreover, expression analysis demonstrated that both transcripts were upregulated by increased light intensity, but the expression level of CsGA2ox8.1 increased slowly when the light intensity was >400 µmol·m-2·s-1 PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density), while the CsGA2ox8.2 transcript levels increased rapidly when the light intensity was >200 µmol·m-2·s-1 PPFD. Our findings provide evidence that plants might finely tune their GA levels by buffering against the normal transcripts of CsGA2ox8 through AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Plant Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Shuo Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pengli Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yilu Yin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qingliang Niu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jinqiang Yan
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Danfeng Huang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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24
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Gao Y, Huang S, Qu G, Fu W, Zhang M, Liu Z, Feng H. The mutation of ent-kaurene synthase, a key enzyme involved in gibberellin biosynthesis, confers a non-heading phenotype to Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:178. [PMID: 33328441 PMCID: PMC7603516 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The presence of a leafy head is a vital agronomic trait that facilitates the evaluation of the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. A non-heading mutant (nhm1) was identified in an ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis population of the heading Chinese cabbage double haploid line FT. Segregation analysis revealed that a single recessive gene, Brnhm1, controlled the mutant phenotype. Using MutMap, Kompetitive allele-specific PCR, and cloning analyses, we demonstrated that BraA07g042410.3C, which encodes an ent-kaurene synthase involved in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway, is the nhm1 mutant candidate gene. A single-nucleotide mutation (C to T) in the fourth exon of BraA07g042410.3C caused an amino acid substitution from histidine to tyrosine. Compared to that of the wild-type FT, BraA07g042410.3C in the leaves of the nhm1 mutant had lower levels of expression. In addition, gibberellin contents were lower in the mutant than in the wild type, and the mutant plant phenotype could be restored to that of the wild type after exogenous GA3 treatment. These results indicate that BraA07g042410.3C caused the non-heading mutation. This is the first study to demonstrate a relationship between gibberellin content in the leaves and leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage. These findings facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms underlying leafy head development in Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengnan Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Gaoyang Qu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Meidi Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China.
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25
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Singh H, Kaur K, Singh M, Kaur G, Singh P. Plant Cyclophilins: Multifaceted Proteins With Versatile Roles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:585212. [PMID: 33193535 PMCID: PMC7641896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.585212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilins constitute a family of ubiquitous proteins that bind cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressant drug. Several of these proteins possess peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline residue, essential for correct folding of the proteins. Compared to prokaryotes and other eukaryotes studied until now, the cyclophilin gene families in plants exhibit considerable expansion. With few exceptions, the role of the majority of these proteins in plants is still a matter of conjecture. However, recent studies suggest that cyclophilins are highly versatile proteins with multiple functionalities, and regulate a plethora of growth and development processes in plants, ranging from hormone signaling to the stress response. The present review discusses the implications of cyclophilins in different facets of cellular processes, particularly in the context of plants, and provides a glimpse into the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins fine-tune the diverse physiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Gundeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- William Harvey Heart Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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26
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Huang C, Yang M, Shao D, Wang Y, Wan S, He J, Meng Z, Guan R. Fine mapping of the BnUC2 locus related to leaf up-curling and plant semi-dwarfing in Brassica napus. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:530. [PMID: 32736518 PMCID: PMC7430850 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies of leaf shape development and plant stature have made important contributions to the fields of plant breeding and developmental biology. The optimization of leaf morphology and plant height to improve lodging resistance and photosynthetic efficiency, increase planting density and yield, and facilitate mechanized harvesting is a desirable goal in Brassica napus. Results Here, we investigated a B. napus germplasm resource exhibiting up-curled leaves and a semi-dwarf stature. In progeny populations derived from NJAU5737 and Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11), we found that the up-curled leaf trait was controlled by a dominant locus, BnUC2. We then fine mapped the BnUC2 locus onto an 83.19-kb interval on chromosome A05 using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. We further determined that BnUC2 was a major plant height QTL that explained approximately 70% of the phenotypic variation in two BC5F3 family populations derived from NJAU5737 and ZS11. This result implies that BnUC2 was also responsible for the observed semi-dwarf stature. The fine mapping interval of BnUC2 contained five genes, two of which, BnaA05g16700D (BnaA05.IAA2) and BnaA05g16720D, were revealed by comparative sequencing to be mutated in NJAU5737. This result suggests that the candidate gene mutation (BnaA05g16700D, encoding Aux/IAA2 proteins) in the conserved Degron motif GWPPV (P63S) was responsible for the BnUC2 locus. In addition, investigation of agronomic traits in a segregated population indicated that plant height, main inflorescence length, and branching height were significantly reduced by BnUC2, whereas yield was not significantly altered. The determination of the photosynthetic efficiency showed that the BnUC2 locus was beneficial to improve the photosynthetic efficiency. Our findings may provide an effective foundation for plant type breeding in B. napus. Conclusions Using SNP and SSR markers, a dominant locus (BnUC2) related to up-curled leaves and semi-dwarf stature in B. napus has been fine mapped onto an 83.19-kb interval of chromosome A05 containing five genes. The BnaA05.IAA2 is inferred to be the candidate gene responsible for the BnUC2 locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mao Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Danlei Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yangming Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shubei Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianbo He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zuqing Meng
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Rongzhan Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Zhou Y, Underhill SJR. Expression of Gibberellin Metabolism Genes and Signalling Components in Dwarf Phenotype of Breadfruit ( Artocarpus altilis) Plants Growing on Marang ( Artocarpus odoratissimus) Rootstocks. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9050634. [PMID: 32429273 PMCID: PMC7284696 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a traditional staple tree crop throughout the tropics. The species is an evergreen tree 15-20 m; there are currently no size-controlling rootstocks within the species. Through interspecific grafting, a dwarf phenotype was identified in breadfruit plants growing on Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) rootstocks, which displayed ~60% reduction in plant height with ~80% shorter internodes. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism underlying rootstock-induced dwarfing, we investigated the involvement of gibberellin (GA) in reduction of stem elongation. Expression of GA metabolism genes was analysed in the period from 18 to 24 months after grafting. In comparison to self-graft and non-graft, scion stems on marang rootstocks displayed decrease in expression of a GA biosynthetic gene, AaGA20ox3, and increase in expression of a GA catabolic genes, AaGA2ox1, in the tested 6-month period. Increased accumulation of DELLA proteins (GA-signalling repressors) was found in scion stems growing on marang rootstocks, together with an increased expression of a DELLA gene, AaDELLA1. Exogenous GA treatment was able to restore the stem elongation rate and the internode length of scions growing on marang rootstocks. The possibility that GA deficiency forms a component of the mechanism underlying rootstock-induced breadfruit dwarfing is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Zhou
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Steven J. R. Underhill
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
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28
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Wu J, Yan G, Duan Z, Wang Z, Kang C, Guo L, Liu K, Tu J, Shen J, Yi B, Fu T, Li X, Ma C, Dai C. Roles of the Brassica napus DELLA Protein BnaA6.RGA, in Modulating Drought Tolerance by Interacting With the ABA Signaling Component BnaA10.ABF2. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:577. [PMID: 32477388 PMCID: PMC7240051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Reduced level of the gibberellin would result in increased drought tolerance, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In Brassica napus, there are four BnaRGA genes that code for DELLA proteins, negative regulators of GA signaling. Among them, expression of BnaA6.RGA was greatly induced by drought and abscisic acid (ABA). Previously, we created the gain-of-function mutant of BnaA6.RGA, bnaa6.rga-D, and the loss-of-function quadruple mutant, bnarga by CRISPR/Cas9, respectively. Here we show that bnaa6.rga-D displayed enhanced drought tolerance, and its stomatal closure was hypersensitive to ABA treatment. By contrast, bnarga displayed reduced drought tolerance and was less sensitive to ABA treatment, but there is no difference in drought tolerance between single BnaRGA mutant and WT, suggesting a functional redundancy between the BnaRGA genes in this process. Furthermore, we found that BnaRGAs were able to interact physically with BnaA10.ABF2, an essential transcription factor in ABA signaling. The BnaA10.ABF2-BnaA6.RGA protein complex greatly increased the expression level of the drought responsive gene BnaC9.RAB18. Taken together, this work highlighted the fundamental roles of DELLA proteins in drought tolerance in B. napus, and provide desirable germplasm for further breeding of drought tolerance in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanbo Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunying Kang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Wang X, Zheng M, Liu H, Zhang L, Chen F, Zhang W, Fan S, Peng M, Hu M, Wang H, Zhang J, Hua W. Fine-mapping and transcriptome analysis of a candidate gene controlling plant height in Brassica napus L. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:42. [PMID: 32175009 PMCID: PMC7063735 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica napus provides approximately 13-16% of global vegetable oil for human consumption and biodiesel production. Plant height (PH) is a key trait that affects plant architecture, seed yield and harvest index. However, the genetic mechanism of PH in B. napus is poorly understood. RESULTS A dwarf mutant df59 was isolated from a large-scale screening of an ethyl methanesulphonate-mutagenized rapeseed variety Ningyou 18. A genetic analysis showed that the dwarfism phenotype was controlled by one semi-dominant gene, which was mapped on C9 chromosome by quantitative trait loci sequencing analysis and designated as BnaDwf.C9. To fine-map BnaDwf.C9, two F2 populations were constructed from crosses between conventional rapeseed cultivars (Zhongshuang 11 and Holly) and df59. BnaDwf.C9 was fine-mapped to the region between single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers M14 and M4, corresponding to a 120.87-kb interval of the B. napus 'Darmor-bzh' genome. Within this interval, seven, eight and nine annotated or predicted genes were identified in "Darmor-bzh", "Ningyou 7" and "Zhongshuang 11" reference genomes, respectively. In addition, a comparative transcriptome analysis was performed using stem tips from Ningyou 18 and df59 at the stem elongation stage. In total, 3995 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Among them, 118 DEGs were clustered in plant hormone-related signal transduction pathways, including 81 DEGs were enriched in auxin signal transduction. Combining the results of fine-mapping and transcriptome analyses, BnaC09g20450D was considered a candidate gene for BnaDwf.C9, which contains a SNP that co-segregated in 4746 individuals. Finally, a PCR-based marker was developed based on the SNP in BnaC09g20450D. CONCLUSIONS The combination of quantitative trait loci sequencing, fine-mapping and genome-wide transcriptomic analysis revealed one candidate gene located within the confidence interval of 120.87-kb region. This study provides a new genetic resource for semi-dwarf breeding and new insights into understanding the genetic architecture of PH in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Shihang Fan
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Menlu Peng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Maolong Hu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefu Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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30
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Antioxidant and the Dwarfing Candidate Gene of "Nantongxiaofangshi" ( Diospyros kaki Thunb.). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1629845. [PMID: 31885771 PMCID: PMC6899303 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1629845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this work were to identify genes related to dwarfing for subsequent dwarfing-related research in persimmon and evaluate the relationship between antioxidant activity, dwarf, and hormones of persimmon trees for analyzing the possible dwarf mechanism oxidation factors. In the present study, a transcriptome analysis of “Nantongxiaofangshi” was used to identify and clone 22 candidate genes related to gibberellin signal transduction pathways and synthetic pathway. The expression of these genes was assessed in two persimmon cultivars, “Dafangshi” and “Nantongxiaofangshi,” by RT-qPCR at different phenological stages and in response to the exogenous application of GA3 (GA treatment) and PAZ (paclobutrazol, a plant growth inhibitor, also called PP333). The results revealed differential expression of 14 of these 22 genes in the two varieties. Subsequently, endogenous hormone levels were assessed of the two varieties, along with the number of internodes and internode length. The results suggested that the persimmon could be used as a valuable and powerful natural candidate for providing information on the functional role of dwarfing.
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31
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Cheng H, Jin F, Zaman QU, Ding B, Hao M, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wells R, Dong Y, Hu Q. Identification of Bna.IAA7.C05 as allelic gene for dwarf mutant generated from tissue culture in oilseed rape. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:500. [PMID: 31729952 PMCID: PMC6857212 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits in many crops due to its influence on lodging resistance and yield performance. Although progress has been made in the use of dwarfing genes in crop improvement, identification of new dwarf germplasm is still of significant interest for breeding varieties with increased yield. RESULTS Here we describe a dominant, dwarf mutant G7 of Brassica napus with down-curved leaves derived from tissue culture. To explore the genetic variation responsible for the dwarf phenotype, the mutant was crossed to a conventional line to develop a segregating F2 population. Bulks were formed from plants with either dwarf or conventional plant height and subjected to high throughput sequencing analysis via mutation mapping (MutMap). The dwarf mutation was mapped to a 0.6 Mb interval of B. napus chromosome C05. Candidate gene analysis revealed that one SNP causing an amino acid change in the domain II of Bna.IAA7.C05 may contribute to the dwarf phenotype. This is consistent with the phenotype of a gain-of-function indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) mutant in Bna.IAA7.C05 reported recently. GO and KEGG analysis of RNA-seq data revealed the down-regulation of auxin related genes, including many other IAA and small up regulated response (SAUR) genes, in the dwarf mutant. CONCLUSION Our studies characterize a new allele of Bna.IAA7.C05 responsible for the dwarf mutant generated from tissue culture. This may provide a valuable genetic resource for breeding for lodging resistance and compact plant stature in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Cheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Fenwei Jin
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu China
| | - Qamar U. Zaman
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Bingli Ding
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Mengyu Hao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu China
| | - Yi Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Rachel Wells
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Yun Dong
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062 China
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32
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Wagner G, Laperche A, Lariagon C, Marnet N, Renault D, Guitton Y, Bouchereau A, Delourme R, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A. Resolution of quantitative resistance to clubroot into QTL-specific metabolic modules. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5375-5390. [PMID: 31145785 PMCID: PMC6793449 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant disease resistance is often under quantitative genetic control. Thus, in a given interaction, plant cellular responses to infection are influenced by resistance or susceptibility alleles at different loci. In this study, a genetic linkage analysis was used to address the complexity of the metabolic responses of Brassica napus roots to infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Metabolome profiling and pathogen quantification in a segregating progeny allowed a comparative mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in resistance and in metabolic adjustments. Distinct metabolic modules were associated with each resistance QTL, suggesting the involvement of different underlying cellular mechanisms. This approach highlighted the possible role of gluconasturtiin and two unknown metabolites in the resistance conferred by two QTLs on chromosomes C03 and C09, respectively. Only two susceptibility biomarkers (glycine and glutathione) were simultaneously linked to the three main resistance QTLs, suggesting the central role of these compounds in the interaction. By contrast, several genotype-specific metabolic responses to infection were genetically unconnected to resistance or susceptibility. Likewise, variations of root sugar profiles, which might have influenced pathogen nutrition, were not found to be related to resistance QTLs. This work illustrates how genetic metabolomics can help to understand plant stress responses and their possible links with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Wagner
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Anne Laperche
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolomique (P2M2), Centre de Recherche Angers Nantes BIA, INRA, Le Rheu, France
| | - David Renault
- UMR EcoBio, Université de Rennes, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - Yann Guitton
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Régine Delourme
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Antoine Gravot
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
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Zhao B, Wang B, Li Z, Guo T, Zhao J, Guan Z, Liu K. Identification and characterization of a new dwarf locus DS-4 encoding an Aux/IAA7 protein in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1435-1449. [PMID: 30688990 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A dominant dwarfing gene, ds - 4 , encodes an Aux/IAA protein that negatively regulates plant stature through an auxin signaling pathway. Dwarfism is an important agronomic trait affecting yield in many crop species. The molecular mechanisms underlying dwarfism in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) are poorly understood, restricting the progress of breeding dwarf varieties in this species. Here, we identified and characterized a new dwarf locus, DS-4, in B. napus. Next-generation sequencing-assisted genetic mapping and candidate gene analysis found that DS-4 encodes a nucleus-targeted auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) protein. A substitution (P87L) was found in the highly conserved degron motif of the Aux/IAA7 protein in the ds-4 mutant. This mutation co-segregated with the phenotype of individuals in the BC1F2 population. The P87L substitution was confirmed as the cause of the extreme dwarf phenotype by ectopic expression of the mutant allele BnaC05.iaa7 (equivalent to ds-4) in Arabidopsis. The P87L substitution blocked the interaction of BnaC05.iaa7 with TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 in the presence of auxin. The BnaC05.IAA7 gene is highly expressed in the cotyledons, hypocotyls, stems and leaves, but weakly in the roots and seeds of B. napus. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying dominant (gain-of-function) dwarfism in B. napus. Our identification of a distinct gene locus controlling plant height may help to improve lodging resistance in oilseed rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhaohong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhilin Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Li H, Li J, Song J, Zhao B, Guo C, Wang B, Zhang Q, Wang J, King GJ, Liu K. An auxin signaling gene BnaA3.IAA7 contributes to improved plant architecture and yield heterosis in rapeseed. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:837-851. [PMID: 30536633 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture is the key factor affecting overall yield in many crops. The genetic basis underlying plant architecture in rapeseed (Brassica napus), a key global oil crop, is elusive. We characterized an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized rapeseed mutant, sca, which had multiple phenotypic alterations, including crinkled leaves, semi-dwarf stature, narrow branch angles and upward-standing siliques. We identified the underlying gene, which encodes an Aux/IAA protein (BnaA3.IAA7). A G-to-A mutation changed the glycine at the 84th position to glutamic acid (G84E), disrupting the conserved degron motif GWPPV and reducing the affinity between BnaA3.IAA7 and TIR1 (TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1) in an auxin dosage-dependent manner. This change repressed the degradation of BnaA3.IAA7 and therefore repressed auxin signaling at low levels of auxin that reduced the length of internodes. The G84E mutation reduced branch angles by enhancing the gravitropic response. The heterozygote +/sca closely resembled a proposed ideal plant architecture, displaying strong yield heterosis through single-locus overdominance by improving multiple component traits. Our findings demonstrate that a weak gain-of-function mutation in BnaA3.IAA7 contributes to yield heterosis by improving plant architecture and would be valuable for breeding superior rapeseed hybrid cultivars and such a mutation may increase the yield in other Brassica crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jurong Song
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaocheng Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Graham J King
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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35
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Leijten W, Koes R, Roobeek I, Frugis G. Translating Flowering Time From Arabidopsis thaliana to Brassicaceae and Asteraceae Crop Species. PLANTS 2018; 7:plants7040111. [PMID: 30558374 PMCID: PMC6313873 DOI: 10.3390/plants7040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Flowering and seed set are essential for plant species to survive, hence plants need to adapt to highly variable environments to flower in the most favorable conditions. Endogenous cues such as plant age and hormones coordinate with the environmental cues like temperature and day length to determine optimal time for the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. In a breeding context, controlling flowering time would help to speed up the production of new hybrids and produce high yield throughout the year. The flowering time genetic network is extensively studied in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana, however this knowledge is still limited in most crops. This article reviews evidence of conservation and divergence of flowering time regulation in A. thaliana with its related crop species in the Brassicaceae and with more distant vegetable crops within the Asteraceae family. Despite the overall conservation of most flowering time pathways in these families, many genes controlling this trait remain elusive, and the function of most Arabidopsis homologs in these crops are yet to be determined. However, the knowledge gathered so far in both model and crop species can be already exploited in vegetable crop breeding for flowering time control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willeke Leijten
- ENZA Zaden Research & Development B.V., Haling 1E, 1602 DB Enkhuizen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ronald Koes
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ilja Roobeek
- ENZA Zaden Research & Development B.V., Haling 1E, 1602 DB Enkhuizen, The Netherlands.
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA), Operative Unit of Rome, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Salaria Km. 29,300 ⁻ 00015, Monterotondo Scalo, Roma, Italy.
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36
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Shen Y, Xiang Y, Xu E, Ge X, Li Z. Major Co-localized QTL for Plant Height, Branch Initiation Height, Stem Diameter, and Flowering Time in an Alien Introgression Derived Brassica napus DH Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:390. [PMID: 29643859 PMCID: PMC5883169 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant height (PH), branch initiation height (BIH), and stem diameter (SD) are three stem-related traits that play crucial roles in plant architecture and lodging resistance. Herein, we show one doubled haploid (DH) population obtained from a cross between Y689 (one Capsella bursa-pastoris derived Brassica napus intertribal introgression) and Westar (B. napus cultivar) that these traits were significantly positively correlated with one another and with flowering time (FT). Based on a high-density SNP map, a total of 102 additive quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified across six environments. Seventy-two consensus QTL and 49 unique QTL were identified using a two-round strategy of QTL meta-analysis. Notably, a total of 19 major QTL, including 11 novel ones, were detected for these traits, which comprised two QTL clusters on chromosomes A02 and A07. Conditional QTL mapping was performed to preliminarily evaluate the genetic basis (pleiotropy or tight linkage) of the co-localized QTL. In addition, QTL by environment interactions (QEI) mapping was performed to verify the additive QTL and estimate the QEI effect. In the genomic regions of all major QTL, orthologs of the genes involved in phytohormone biosynthesis, phytohormone signaling, flower development, and cell differentiation in Arabidopsis were proposed as candidate genes. Of these, BnaA02g02560, an ortholog of Arabidopsis GASA4, was suggested as a candidate gene for PH, SD, and FT; and BnaA02g08490, an ortholog of Arabidopsis GNL, was associated with PH, BIH and FT. These results provide useful information for further genetic studies on stem-related traits and plant growth adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yusen Shen
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Ensheng Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianhong Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zaiyun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Zaiyun Li
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37
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Yang H, Wu JJ, Tang T, Liu KD, Dai C. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing efficiently creates specific mutations at multiple loci using one sgRNA in Brassica napus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7489. [PMID: 28790350 PMCID: PMC5548805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 is a valuable tool for both basic and applied research that has been widely applied to different plant species. Nonetheless, a systematical assessment of the efficiency of this method is not available for the allotetraploid Brassica napus-an important oilseed crop. In this study, we examined the mutation efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 method for 12 genes and also determined the pattern, specificity and heritability of these gene modifications in B. napus. The average mutation frequency for a single-gene targeted sgRNA in the T0 generation is 65.3%. For paralogous genes located in conserved regions that were targeted by sgRNAs, we observed mutation frequencies that ranged from 27.6% to 96.6%. Homozygotes were readily found in T0 plants. A total of 48.2% of the gene mutations, including homozygotes, bi-alleles, and heterozygotes were stably inherited as classic Mendelian alleles in the next generation (T1) without any new mutations or reversions. Moreover, no mutation was found in the putative off-target sites among the examined T0 plants. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 is an efficient tool for creating targeted genome modifications at multiple loci that are stable and inheritable in B. napus. These findings open many doors for biotechnological applications in oilseed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Jing Wu
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ting Tang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ke-De Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Cheng Dai
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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