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Ahmad A, Lim LL, Morieri ML, Tam CHT, Cheng F, Chikowore T, Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer M, Fitipaldi H, Huang C, Kanbour S, Sarkar S, Koivula RW, Motala AA, Tye SC, Yu G, Zhang Y, Provenzano M, Sherifali D, de Souza RJ, Tobias DK, Gomez MF, Ma RCW, Mathioudakis N. Precision prognostics for cardiovascular disease in Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:11. [PMID: 38253823 PMCID: PMC10803333 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision medicine has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction in individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies to identify potentially novel prognostic factors that may improve CVD risk prediction in T2D. Out of 9380 studies identified, 416 studies met inclusion criteria. Outcomes were reported for 321 biomarker studies, 48 genetic marker studies, and 47 risk score/model studies. RESULTS Out of all evaluated biomarkers, only 13 showed improvement in prediction performance. Results of pooled meta-analyses, non-pooled analyses, and assessments of improvement in prediction performance and risk of bias, yielded the highest predictive utility for N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (high-evidence), troponin-T (TnT) (moderate-evidence), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (moderate-evidence), Genetic Risk Score for Coronary Heart Disease (GRS-CHD) (moderate-evidence); moderate predictive utility for coronary computed tomography angiography (low-evidence), single-photon emission computed tomography (low-evidence), pulse wave velocity (moderate-evidence); and low predictive utility for C-reactive protein (moderate-evidence), coronary artery calcium score (low-evidence), galectin-3 (low-evidence), troponin-I (low-evidence), carotid plaque (low-evidence), and growth differentiation factor-15 (low-evidence). Risk scores showed modest discrimination, with lower performance in populations different from the original development cohort. CONCLUSIONS Despite high interest in this topic, very few studies conducted rigorous analyses to demonstrate incremental predictive utility beyond established CVD risk factors for T2D. The most promising markers identified were NT-proBNP, TnT, TyG and GRS-CHD, with the highest strength of evidence for NT-proBNP. Further research is needed to determine their clinical utility in risk stratification and management of CVD in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lee-Ling Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mario Luca Morieri
- Metabolic Disease Unit, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Ha-Ting Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feifei Cheng
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tinashe Chikowore
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Hugo Fitipaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Chuiguo Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Sudipa Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert Wilhelm Koivula
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ayesha A Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sok Cin Tye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Sections on Genetics and Epidemiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gechang Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingchai Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michele Provenzano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diana Sherifali
- Heather M. Arthur Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Maria F Gomez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Nestoras Mathioudakis
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Ahmad A, Lim LL, Morieri ML, Tam CHT, Cheng F, Chikowore T, Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer M, Fitipaldi H, Huang C, Kanbour S, Sarkar S, Koivula RW, Motala AA, Tye SC, Yu G, Zhang Y, Provenzano M, Sherifali D, de Souza R, Tobias DK, Gomez MF, Ma RCW, Mathioudakis NN. Precision Prognostics for Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.26.23289177. [PMID: 37162891 PMCID: PMC10168509 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.26.23289177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Precision medicine has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies to identify potentially novel prognostic factors that may improve CVD risk prediction in T2D. Out of 9380 studies identified, 416 studies met inclusion criteria. Outcomes were reported for 321 biomarker studies, 48 genetic marker studies, and 47 risk score/model studies. Results Out of all evaluated biomarkers, only 13 showed improvement in prediction performance. Results of pooled meta-analyses, non-pooled analyses, and assessments of improvement in prediction performance and risk of bias, yielded the highest predictive utility for N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (high-evidence), troponin-T (TnT) (moderate-evidence), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (moderate-evidence), Genetic Risk Score for Coronary Heart Disease (GRS-CHD) (moderate-evidence); moderate predictive utility for coronary computed tomography angiography (low-evidence), single-photon emission computed tomography (low-evidence), pulse wave velocity (moderate-evidence); and low predictive utility for C-reactive protein (moderate-evidence), coronary artery calcium score (low-evidence), galectin-3 (low-evidence), troponin-I (low-evidence), carotid plaque (low-evidence), and growth differentiation factor-15 (low-evidence). Risk scores showed modest discrimination, with lower performance in populations different from the original development cohort. Conclusions Despite high interest in this topic, very few studies conducted rigorous analyses to demonstrate incremental predictive utility beyond established CVD risk factors for T2D. The most promising markers identified were NT-proBNP, TnT, TyG and GRS-CHD, with the highest strength of evidence for NT-proBNP. Further research is needed to determine their clinical utility in risk stratification and management of CVD in T2D.
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Genetic and Non-Genetic Factor-Adjusted Association between Coffee Drinking and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Taiwanese Adults: Stratification by Sex. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051102. [PMID: 31108953 PMCID: PMC6566419 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of global mortality. We aimed to determine the effect of coffee drinking and sex and their interaction, as well as rs1800588 and rs1800775 polymorphisms on HDL-C levels in Taiwanese adults. Data of 4262 men and 4813 women, aged 30–70 years, were retrieved from Taiwan Biobank. The interaction between sex and coffee drinking on HDL-C was significant (p = 0.0452). Coffee consumption was significantly associated with higher HDL-C levels in only women (β = 0.81679; p = 0.0246). However, rs1800588 and rs1800775 variants were significantly associated with HDL-C in both sexes. In women, β-values were 0.99080; p = 0.0059 and 3.16277; p < 0.0001 for rs1800588 CT and TT genotypes, respectively and −1.80954; p < 0.0001 and −2.81512; p < 0.0001 for rs1800775 AC and CC genotypes, respectively. In men, β-values were 1.32430; p < 0.0001 and 3.24976; p < 0.0001 for rs1800775 CT and TT genotypes, respectively and −1.96232; p < 0.0001 and −2.71536, p < 0.0001 for the AC and CC genotypes, respectively. In conclusion, coffee drinking was significantly associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in women but not men after adjusting for confounders including rs1800588 (LIPC) and rs1800775 (CETP) variants.
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Teng MS, Wu S, Hsu LA, Tzeng IS, Chou HH, Su CW, Ko YL. Pleiotropic association of LIPC variants with lipid and urinary 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine levels in a Taiwanese population. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:111. [PMID: 31077211 PMCID: PMC6511151 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic lipase (HL, encoded by LIPC) is a glycoprotein primarily synthesized and secreted by hepatocytes. Previous studies had demonstrated that HL is crucial for reverse cholesterol transport and affects the metabolism, composition, and level of several lipoproteins. In current study, we investigated the association of LIPC (Lipase C, Hepatic Type) variants with circulating and urinary biomarker levels by using subgroup and mediation analyses. METHODS A total of 572 participants from Taiwan were genotyped for three LIPC single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by using TaqMan assay. Fasting levels of glucose, lipid profile, inflammation markers, urine creatinine and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured. The chi-square test, 2-sample t test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine differences among variables and genotype frequencies. RESULTS SNPs rs2043085 and rs1532085 were significantly associated with urinary 8-OHdG levels, whereas all three SNPs were more significantly associated with Triglycerides (TG) or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels after additional adjustment for HDL-C or TG levels, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association of the LIPC SNPs with the levels of serum TG, HDL-C, and urinary 8-OHdG were predominantly observed in the men but not in the women. Differential associations of the LIPC SNPs with various lipid levels were observed in participants with different adiposity statuses. Mediation analyses indicated that TG levels acted as a suppressor masking the association of the LIPC genotypes with HDL-C levels, particularly in the men (Sobel test, all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our data revealed that interaction and suppression effects mediated the pleiotropic association of the LIPC variants. The effects of the LIPC SNPs depended on sex, adiposity status, and TG levels. Thus, our findings can provide a method for identifying high-risk populations of cardiovascular diseases for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sheng Teng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Semon Wu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lung-An Hsu
- The First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Shiang Tzeng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chou
- The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Su
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Ko
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan. .,The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei city, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Andrés-Blasco I, Vinué À, Herrero-Cervera A, Martínez-Hervás S, Nuñez L, Piqueras L, Ascaso JF, Sanz MJ, Burks DJ, González-Navarro H. Hepatic lipase inactivation decreases atherosclerosis in insulin resistance by reducing LIGHT/Lymphotoxin β-Receptor pathway. Thromb Haemost 2018; 116:379-93. [DOI: 10.1160/th15-10-0773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SummaryCoexistence of insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Genetic studies in diabetes have linked Hepatic Lipase (HL) to an enhanced risk of CVD while others indicate a role of HL in inflammatory cells. Thus, we explored the role of HL on atherosclerosis and inflammation in a mouse model of MetS/IR, (apoE-/-Irs2+/- mice) and in patients with MetS and IR. HL-deficiency in apoE-/-Irs2+/- mice reduced atheroma size, plaque vulnerability, leukocyte infiltration and macrophage proliferation. Compared with apoE-/-Irs2+/-HL+/+ mice, MCP1, TNFa and IL6 plasma levels, pro-inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes and activated(CD69+)-T lymphocytes were also decreased in apoE-/-Irs2+/-HL-/- mice. The LIGHT (Tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14, TNFSF14)/ Lymphotoxin β-Receptor(LTβ-R) pathway, which is involved in T-cell and macrophage activation, was diminished in plasma and in apoE-/-Irs2+/-HL-/- mouse atheromas. Treatment of apoE-/-Irs2+/-HL-/- mice with LIGHT increased the number of Ly6Chi-monocytes and lesion size. Acutely LIGHT-treated apoE-/- mice displayed enhanced proliferating Ly6Chi-monocytes and increased activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, suggesting that LIGHT/LTβ-R axis might promote atherogenesis by increasing proinflammatory monocytes and proliferation. Notably, MetS-IR subjects with increased atherosclerosis displayed up-regulation of the LIGHT/LTβ-R axis, enhanced inflammatory monocytes and augmented HL mRNA expression in circulating leukocytes. Thus, HL-deficiency decreases atherosclerosis in MetS/IR states by reducing inflammation and macrophage proliferation which are partly attributed to reduced LIGHT/LTβ-R pathway. These studies identify the LIGHT/LTβ-R axis as a main pathway in atherosclerosis and suggest that its inactivation might ameliorate inflammation and macrophage proliferation associated with atherosclerosis burden in MetS/IR.Supplementary Material to this article is available at www.thrombosis-online.com.
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Teng MS, Wu S, Er LK, Hsu LA, Chou HH, Ko YL. LIPC variants as genetic determinants of adiposity status, visceral adiposity indicators, and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index-related parameters mediated by serum triglyceride levels. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10:79. [PMID: 30410583 PMCID: PMC6218991 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adiposity indicators and the product of triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose (TyG) index-related parameters are effective surrogate markers for insulin resistance (IR) and are predictors of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. However, their genetic determinants have not been previously reported. Pleiotropic associations of LIPC variants have been observed in lipid profiles and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate LIPC polymorphisms as the genetic determinants of adiposity status, visceral adiposity indicators and TyG index-related parameters. METHODS A total of 592 participants from Taiwan were genotyped for three LIPC single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS The LIPC SNPs rs2043085 and rs1532085 were significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index, and TyG index-related parameters [including the TyG index, TyG with adiposity status (TyG-BMI), and TyG-WC index], whereas the rs1800588 SNP was only significantly associated with the TyG index. The associations became nonsignificant after further adjustment for serum TG levels. No significant association was observed between any the studied LIPC SNPs and IR status. CONCLUSION Our data revealed a pleiotropic association between the LIPC variants and visceral adiposity indicators and TyG index-related parameters, which are mediated by serum TG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sheng Teng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
| | - Semon Wu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114 Taiwan
| | - Leay-Kiaw Er
- The Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97071 Taiwan
| | - Lung-An Hsu
- First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chou
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Ko
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97071 Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142 Taiwan
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Mohammadzadeh G, Ghaffari MA, Bazyar M, Kheirollah A. Association between two common polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphism -250G/A and -514C/T) of the hepatic lipase gene and coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Adv Biomed Res 2016; 5:27. [PMID: 27014654 PMCID: PMC4785784 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.176366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variations in the hepatic lipase (HL) gene are the potential candidate for coronary artery disease (CAD) especially in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in diverse populations. We assessed the association of -514C/T and -250G/A polymorphisms in HL (LIPC) gene with CAD risk in Iranian population with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 322 type 2 diabetic patients, 166 patients with normal angiograms as controls and 156 patients those identified with CAD undergoing their first coronary angiography as CAD cases. Genotyping of -514C/T and -250G/A polymorphisms in the promoter of the LIPC gene were studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS Genotype distributions in CAD cases (73.7%, 20.5%, and 5.8% for -250G/A) and (62.2%, 32.7%, and 5.1% for -514C/T) were significantly different from those in controls (60.8%, 37.4%, and 1.8% for -250G/A) and (51.2%, 48.2%, and 0.6% for -514C/T). CAD cases had lower A-allele frequency than controls (0.131 vs. 0.196, P = 0.028). The odds ratio for the presence of -250 (GG + GA) genotype and A allele in CAD cases were 2.206 (95% confidence interval [CI] =1.33-3.65, P = 0.002) and 1.609 (95% CI = 1.051 -2.463, P = 0.029) respectively. Haplotype analysis demonstrated a significant association between especially LIPC double mutant (-250 A/-514 T) haplotype and presence of CAD. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that -250 G/A polymorphism rather than -514 C/T polymorphism of LIPC gene is more associated with the increased risk of CAD particularly in women with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghorban Mohammadzadeh
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Ghaffari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bazyar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kheirollah
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Andrés-Blasco I, Herrero-Cervera A, Vinué Á, Martínez-Hervás S, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ, Burks DJ, González-Navarro H. Hepatic lipase deficiency produces glucose intolerance, inflammation and hepatic steatosis. J Endocrinol 2015; 227:179-91. [PMID: 26423094 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus constitute a major problem to global health, and their incidence is increasing at an alarming rate. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects up to 90% of obese people and nearly 70% of the overweight, is commonly associated with MetS characteristics such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. In the present study, we demonstrate that hepatic lipase (HL)-inactivation in mice fed with a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet produced dyslipidemia including hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and increased non-esterified fatty acid levels. These changes were accompanied by glucose intolerance, pancreatic and hepatic inflammation and steatosis. In addition, compared with WT mice, HL(-/-) mice exhibited enhanced circulating MCP1 levels, monocytosis and higher percentage of CD4+Th17+ cells. Consistent with increased inflammation, livers from HL(-/-) mice had augmented activation of the stress SAPK/JNK- and p38-pathways compared with the activation levels of the kinases in livers from WT mice. Analysis of HL(-/-) and WT mice fed regular chow diet showed dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance in HL(-/-) mice without any other changes in inflammation or hepatic steatosis. Altogether, these results indicate that dyslipidemia induced by HL-deficiency in combination with a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet promotes hepatic steatosis and inflammation in mice which are, at least in part, mediated by the activation of the stress SAPK/JNK- and p38-pathways. Future studies are warranted to asses the viability of therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of these kinases to reduce hepatic steatosis associated to lipase dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Andrés-Blasco
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Herrero-Cervera
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Ángela Vinué
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Sanz
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Jane Burks
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Herminia González-Navarro
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
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9
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Wang H, Zhang D, Ling J, Lu W, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Lai M. Gender specific effect of LIPC C-514T polymorphism on obesity and relationship with plasma lipid levels in Chinese children. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2296-306. [PMID: 26282880 PMCID: PMC4568933 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipase (LIPC) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in lipoprotein catabolism pathways involved in the development of obesity. The C-514T polymorphism in the promoter region is associated with decreased LIPC activity. We performed a case-controlled study (850 obese children and 2119 controls) and evaluated the association between LIPC C-514T polymorphism, obesity and plasma lipid profile in Chinese children and adolescents. Additionally, we conducted a meta-analysis of all results from published studies as well as our own data. A significant association between the polymorphism and obesity is observed in boys (P = 0.042), but not in girls. And we observed a significant relationship of the polymorphism with total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) independent of obesity in boys. The T allele carriers have higher levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in obese boys, and triglyceride (TG), TC and LDL-C in non-obese girls (all P < 0.05). In the meta-analysis, under dominant model the T allele increased body mass index (BMI) level in boys, while it decreased BMI in girls, and increased the levels of TC both in the overall and subgroups, TG and HDL-C in the overall and boys, and LDL-C in the overall (all P < 0.05). Our results suggest that the T allele might carry an increased risk of obesity in Chinese boys. The meta-analysis suggests that T allele acts as a risk allele for higher BMI levels in male childhood, while it is a protective allele in female childhood. And the polymorphism is associated with the levels of plasma lipids, which may be modulated by obesity and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Ling
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhui Lu
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maode Lai
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Sahmani M, Ghaleh TD, Darabi M, Darabi M, Rashvand Z, Najafipour R. Lack of association between LIPC-514 C/T polymorphism of hepatic lipase and endometriosis in Iranian women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2013; 40:479-84. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sahmani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Cellular and Molecular Research Center; Qazvin University of Medical Sciences; Qazvin Iran
| | | | - Maryam Darabi
- Drug Applied Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories; School of Medicine; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Zahra Rashvand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Cellular and Molecular Research Center; Qazvin University of Medical Sciences; Qazvin Iran
| | - Reza Najafipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Cellular and Molecular Research Center; Qazvin University of Medical Sciences; Qazvin Iran
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11
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Association of the G-250A promoter polymorphism in the hepatic lipase gene with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2013; 74:45-8. [PMID: 23351562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Variants in hepatic lipase (HL) gene which is a lipolytic enzyme involved in the metabolism of plasma lipoprotein and regulating lipid and lipoprotein metabolism are potential candidate genes for type 2 diabetes. Association of the polymorphisms in the promoter region of the HL gene (LIPC) to the plasma HDL-C concentration has been investigated. In this study, we investigated whether the G-250A polymorphism of LIPC is associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes and 133 healthy subjects as control were randomly selected from January 2008 to January 2011 in endocrine wards of Zhengzhou People's Hospital. The G-250A polymorphisms were studied by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the rare allele and type 2 diabetes mellitus. RESULTS The frequency of the -250A allele was 0.297 in the T2DM group and 0.388 in the control group (P<0.05), with the difference remaining significant. CONCLUSIONS Patients who are carrying of the -250A allele in the promoter of the LIPC gene are susceptible to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Han population.
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12
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Hu M, Li Z, Fang DZ. A high carbohydrate diet induces the beneficial effect of the CC genotype of hepatic lipase C-514T polymorphism on the apoB100/apoAI ratio only in young Chinese males. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2012; 72:563-9. [PMID: 22935046 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2012.705889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Both diet and genetic background have profound effects on plasma lipid profiles. It was hypothesized that a high carbohydrate (high-CHO) diet could affect the ratios of serum lipids and apolipoproteins (apo) differently in subjects with different genotypes of the C-514T hepatic lipase rs1800588 polymorphism. Fifty-six healthy university students were given a stabilization diet of 54.1% carbohydrate for 7 days, followed with a high-CHO diet of 70.1% carbohydrate for 6 days. Body composition, serum lipids, apolipoproteins and the hepatic lipase C-514T rs1800588 polymorphism were analyzed. The ratios of serum lipids and apolipoproteins were calculated afterwards. At baseline, females have significantly lower waist circumference (WC) (CC genotype: p = 0.049; T carriers: p = 0.015) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (CC genotype: p = 0.019; T carriers: p = 0.000) than males. When compared with those before the high-CHO diet, the body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.043) and WC (p = 0.048) were significantly decreased in the male T carriers, the TG/HDL-C ratios were significantly increased in females (CC genotype: p = 0.047; T carriers: p = 0.003). The TC/HDL-C ratios were significantly decreased in males (CC genotype: p = 0.000; T carriers: p = 0.003). And the LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were significantly decreased in all subjects (males with the CC genotype: p = 0.001; male T carriers: p = 0.000; females with the CC genotype: p = 0.018; female T carriers: p = 0.006). However, the apoB100/apoAI ratio was only significantly decreased in male CC genotype after the high-CHO diet (p = 0.005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minshan Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Abstract
The Inuit population is often described as being protected against CVD due to their traditional dietary patterns and their unique genetic background. The objective of the present study was to examine gene–diet interaction effects on plasma lipid levels in the Inuit population. Data from the Qanuippitaa Nunavik Health Survey (n553) were analysed via regression models which included the following: genotypes for thirty-five known polymorphisms (SNP) from twenty genes related to lipid metabolism; dietary fat intake including total fat (TotFat) and saturated fat (SatFat) estimated from a FFQ; plasma lipid levels, namely total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and TAG. The results demonstrate that allele frequencies were different in the Inuit population compared with the Caucasian population. Further, seven SNP (APOA1− 75G/A (rs670),APOBXbAI (rs693),AGTM235T (rs699),LIPC480C/T (rs1800588),APOA184T/C (rs5070),PPARG2− 618C/G (rs10865710) andAPOE219G/T (rs405509)) in interaction with TotFat and SatFat were significantly associated with one or two plasma lipid parameters. Another four SNP (APOC33238C>G (rs5128),CETPI405V (rs5882),CYP1A1A4889G (rs1048943) andABCA1Arg219Lys (rs2230806)) in interaction with either TotFat or SatFat intake were significantly associated with one plasma lipid variable. Further, an additive effect of these SNP in interaction with TotFat or SatFat intake was significantly associated with higher TC, LDL-C or TAG levels, as well as with lower HDL-C levels. In conclusion, the present study supports the notion that gene–diet interactions play an important role in modifying plasma lipid levels in the Inuit population.
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14
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Brunzell JD, Zambon A, Deeb SS. The effect of hepatic lipase on coronary artery disease in humans is influenced by the underlying lipoprotein phenotype. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1821:365-72. [PMID: 21986251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increased or decreased hepatic lipase (HL) activity has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). This is consistent with the findings that gene variants that influence HL activity were associated with increased CAD risk in some population studies but not in others. In this review, we will explain the conditions that influence the effects of HL on CAD. Increased HL is associated with smaller and denser LDL (sdLDL) and HDL (HDL(3)) particles, while decreased HL is associated with larger and more buoyant LDL and HDL particles. The effect of HL activity on CAD risk is dependent on the underlying lipoprotein phenotype or disorder. Central obesity with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is associated with high HL activity that leads to the formation of sdLDL that is pro-atherogenic. In the absence of HTG, where large buoyant cholesteryl ester-enriched LDL is prominent, elevation of HL does not raise the risk for CAD. In HTG patients, drug therapy that decreases HL activity selectively decreases sdLDL particles, an anti-atherogenic effect. Drug therapy that raises HDL(2) cholesterol has not decreased the risk for CAD. In trials where inhibition of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) or HL occurs, the increase in HDL(2) most likely is due to inhibition of catabolism of HDL(2) and impairment of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). In patients with isolated hypercholesterolemia, but with normal triglyceride levels and big-buoyant LDL particles, an increase in HL activity is beneficial; possibly because it increases RCT. Drugs that lower HL activity might decrease the risk for CAD only in hypertriglyceridemic patients with sdLDL by selectively clearing sdLDL particles from plasma, which would override the potentially pro-atherogenic effect on RCT. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Advances in High Density Lipoprotein Formation and Metabolism: A Tribute to John F. Oram (1945-2010).
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Brunzell
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Box 356426, 1959 NE Pacific Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
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15
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Wang H, Jiang M, Qiu J. Quantitative assessment of the effect of hepatic lipase gene polymorphism on the risk of coronary heart disease. Arch Med Res 2011; 41:383-90. [PMID: 20851298 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The human hepatic lipase (LIPC) is a glycoprotein member of the lipase superfamily that has attracted considerable attention as a candidate gene for coronary heart disease (CHD) based on its enzyme function as a key factor in lipoprotein catabolism pathways. In the past decade, a number of case-control studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the LIPC polymorphisms and CHD. However, studies on the association between LIPC polymorphisms and CHD remain conflicting. METHODS To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis of 11,906 cases and 13,273 controls from 18 published case-control studies was performed. RESULTS Overall, the summary odds ratio of CHD was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.66-1.15) and 1.03 (95% confidence interval: 0.98-1.07) for LIPC -250A and -514T alleles, respectively. No significant results were observed in heterozygous and homozygous when compared with wild genotype for these polymorphisms. In the stratified analyses according to ethnicity, source of controls, no evidence of any gene-disease association was obtained. CONCLUSIONS Our result suggest that the G-250A, C-514T polymorphisms of LIPC gene are not associated with CHD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiRong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, PR China
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16
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Baylin A, Ruiz-Narvaez E, Jensen MK, Rimm E, Campos H. Association between hepatic lipase -514 C/T promoter polymorphism and myocardial infarction is modified by history of hypercholesterolemia and waist circumference. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:498-504. [PMID: 19695855 PMCID: PMC2888990 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To examine whether the association between the -514 C/T polymorphism of the hepatic lipase gene and myocardial infarction (MI) is modified by history of hypercholesterolemia and increased waist circumference. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 1940 pairs of nonfatal MI cases and population-based controls were genotyped. Multiple conditional logistic regression was used for data analyses. The -514T variant was not associated with MI in the whole population. However, among people with history of hypercholesterolemia the T allele increased MI risk for heterozygous and homozygous carriers, respectively [OR=1.25 (95%CI=0.92-1.70) and OR=1.59 (95%CI=1.09-2.32). In contrast, the T allele decreased MI risk among people with no history of hypercholesterolemia [OR=0.85 (95%CI=0.70-1.03) and OR=0.76 (95%CI=0.60-0.97)], p for interaction=0.004. Among subjects with normal waist circumference there was no association between the -514T allele and MI for heterozygous and homozygous carriers, respectively [OR=1.04 (95%CI=0.86-1.25) and OR=0.96 (95%CI=0.77-1.21)], while among subjects with waist circumference above the limits of the metabolic syndrome definition there was a protective association [OR=0.63 (95%CI=0.45-0.90) and OR=0.81 (95%CI=0.53-1.25) p for interaction=0.04]. CONCLUSION The -514T allele is associated with MI in opposite directions depending on the background of the studied population. This could explain what seem like inconsistent results across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baylin
- Department of Community Health, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 0203, USA.
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17
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Corsetti JP, Ryan D, Rainwater DL, Moss AJ, Zareba W, Block RC, Sparks CE. Lp(a) and risk of recurrent cardiac events in obese postinfarction patients. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:2717-22. [PMID: 18927546 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2008.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of recurrent coronary events in obese postinfarction patients show mixed results despite potential importance of obesity-related pathophysiologic processes and associated markers in establishing and predicting risk. The study aim was to determine specific markers of recurrent risk in obese postinfarction patients. Nondiabetic patients of the Thrombogenic Factors and Recurrent Coronary Events (THROMBO) postinfarction study were classified according to BMI as normal weight (<25 kg/m(2)), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obese (> or = 30 kg/m(2)). Cox multivariable regression with adjustment for significant clinical covariates was performed in each group monitoring outcome (cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), or unstable angina with 26 months follow-up) as a function of 17 thrombogenic, inflammatory, and metabolic blood markers and 17 cardiovascular disease-associated genetic polymorphisms. Results revealed no statistically significant genetic or blood marker variables in normal or overweight patients. For obese postinfarction patients, elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a))was found to be a highly significant risk marker with hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval of 3.94 (2.11-7.35), P = 0.000017 (upper tertile vs. lower two tertiles). Additionally, elevated Lp(a) was found to interact with the -75G>A polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A-I gene and the -250G>A polymorphism of the hepatic lipase gene in establishing risk. We conclude that interactions of elevated Lp(a) with polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein A-I and hepatic lipase genes, primarily reflective of altered lipoprotein metabolism, play an important role in the establishment of recurrent coronary event risk in obese, nondiabetic postinfarction patients. These findings suggest close monitoring and consideration of weight reduction for obese postinfarction patients with elevated Lp(a) levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Corsetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Changes in diet are likely to reduce chronic disorders, but after decades of active research and heated discussion, the question still remains: what is the optimal diet to achieve this elusive goal? Is it a low-fat diet, as traditionally recommended by multiple medical societies? Or a high monounsaturated fat (MUFA) diet as predicated by the Mediterranean diet? Perhaps a high polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) diet based on the cholesterol-lowering effects? The right answer may be all of the above but not for everybody. A well-known phenomenon in nutrition research and practice is the dramatic variability in interindividual response to any type of dietary intervention. There are many other factors influencing response, and they include, among many others, age, sex, physical activity, alcohol, and smoking as well as genetic factors that will help to identify vulnerable populations/individuals that will benefit from a variety of more personalized and mechanistic-based dietary recommendations. This potential could and needs to be developed within the context of nutritional genomics that in conjunction with systems biology may provide the tools to achieve the holy grail of dietary prevention and therapy of chronic diseases and cancer. This approach will break with the traditional public health approach of "one size fits all." The current evidence based on nutrigenetics has begun to identify subgroups of individuals who benefit more from a low-fat diet, whereas others appear to benefit more from high MUFA or PUFA diets. The continuous progress in nutrigenomics will allow some time in the future to provide targeted gene-based dietary advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genetics, JM-USDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Diabetes and the endocrine pancreas II. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2007; 14:329-57. [PMID: 17940461 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3282c3a898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HDL is a recognized negative risk factor for the cardiovascular diseases. Establishing the genetic determinants of HDL concentration and functions would add to the prediction of cardiovascular risk and point to the biochemical mechanisms underlying this risk. The present review focuses on various approaches to establish genetic determinants of the HDL concentration, structure and function. RECENT FINDINGS While many genes contribute to the HDL concentration and collectively account for half of the variability, polymorphism of individual candidate genes contributes little. There are strong interactions between environmental and genetic influences. Recent findings have confirmed that APOA1 and ABCA1 exert the strongest influence on HDL concentrations and risk of atherosclerosis. CETP and lipases also affect the HDL concentration and functionality, but their connection to the atherosclerosis risk is conditional on the interaction between environmental and genetic factors. SUMMARY Analysis of genetic determinants of HDL-cholesterol in patients with specific disease states or in response to the environmental condition may be a more accurate way to assess variations in HDL concentration. This may result in defining the rules of interaction between genetic and environmental factors and lead to understanding the mechanisms responsible for the variations in HDL concentration and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Sviridov
- Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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