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Carvalho C, Moreira PI. MitoTempo protects against nε-carboxymethyl lysine-induced mitochondrial dyshomeostasis and neuronal cells injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:192-206. [PMID: 38734265 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a pivotal factor in diabetes pathophysiology, increasing the risk of diabetic complications. Nε-carboxy-methyl-lysine (CML) is one of the most relevant AGEs found in several tissues including the peripheral blood of diabetic subjects. Despite recognizing diabetes as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and the documented role of mitochondrial abnormalities in this connection, the impact of CML on neuronal mitochondria and its contribution to diabetes-related neurodegeneration remain uncertain. Here, we evaluated the effects of CML in differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Due to the association between mitochondrial dysfunction and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the possible protective effects of MitoTempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, were also evaluated. Several parameters were assessed namely cells viability, mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, ATP and ROS production, Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mito/autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and amyloidogenic and synaptic integrity markers. CML caused pronounced mitochondrial defects characterized by a significant decrease in mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, and ATP production and an increase in ROS production. An accumulation of individual mitochondria associated with disrupted mitochondrial networks was also observed. Furthermore, CML caused mitochondrial fusion and a decrease in mitochondrial mass and induced ER stress associated with altered unfolded protein response and Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Moreover, CML increased the protein levels of β-secretase-1 and amyloid precursor protein, key proteins involved in Alzheimer's Disease pathophysiology. All these effects contributed to the decline in neuronal cells viability. Notable, MitoTempo was able to counteract most of CML-mediated mitochondrial defects and neuronal cells injury and death. Overall, these findings suggest that CML induces pronounced defects in neuronal mitochondria and ER stress, predisposing to neurodegenerative events. More, our observations suggest that MitoTempo holds therapeutic promise in mitigating CML-induced mitochondrial imbalance and neuronal damage and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra (CNC-UC), Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Paula I Moreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra (CNC-UC), Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Portugal; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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2
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Marhl M. What do stimulated beta cells have in common with cancer cells? Biosystems 2024; 242:105257. [PMID: 38876357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the metabolic parallels between stimulated pancreatic beta cells and cancer cells, focusing on glucose and glutamine metabolism. Addressing the significant public health challenges of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and cancer, we aim to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms driving insulin secretion and cellular proliferation. Our analysis of anaplerotic cycles and the role of NADPH in biosynthesis elucidates their vital functions in both processes. Additionally, we point out that both cell types share an antioxidative response mediated by the Nrf2 signaling pathway, glutathione synthesis, and UCP2 upregulation. Notably, UCP2 facilitates the transfer of C4 metabolites, enhancing reductive TCA cycle metabolism. Furthermore, we observe that hypoxic responses are transient in beta cells post-stimulation but persistent in cancer cells. By synthesizing these insights, the research may suggest novel therapeutic targets for T2D, highlighting the shared metabolic strategies of stimulated beta cells and cancer cells. This comparative analysis not only illuminates the metabolic complexity of these conditions but also emphasizes the crucial role of metabolic pathways in cell function and survival, offering fresh perspectives for tackling T2D and cancer challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Marhl
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
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3
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Zheng H, Xu Y, Liehn EA, Rusu M. Vitamin C as Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species during Healing after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3114. [PMID: 38542087 PMCID: PMC10970003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, coronary artery bypass and reperfusion therapies are considered the gold standard in long-term treatments to restore heart function after acute myocardial infarction. As a drawback of these restoring strategies, reperfusion after an ischemic insult and sudden oxygen exposure lead to the exacerbated synthesis of additional reactive oxidative species and the persistence of increased oxidation levels. Attempts based on antioxidant treatment have failed to achieve an effective therapy for cardiovascular disease patients. The controversial use of vitamin C as an antioxidant in clinical practice is comprehensively systematized and discussed in this review. The dose-dependent adsorption and release kinetics mechanism of vitamin C is complex; however, this review may provide a holistic perspective on its potential as a preventive supplement and/or for combined precise and targeted therapeutics in cardiovascular management therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Yichen Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Elisa A. Liehn
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- National Institute of Pathology “Victor Babes”, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 99-101, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Rusu
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, Medical Faculty, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Song Z, Yan A, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Wen T, Li Z, Yang Z, Chen R, Wang Y. Targeting metabolic pathways: a novel therapeutic direction for type 2 diabetes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1218326. [PMID: 37600949 PMCID: PMC10433779 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1218326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease that causes multi-organ complications, seriously affecting patients' quality of life and survival. Understanding its pathogenesis remains challenging, with current clinical treatment regimens often proving ineffective. Methods In this study, we established a mouse model of T2DM and employed 16s rDNA sequencing to detect changes in the species and structure of gut flora. Additionally, we used UPLC-Q-TOF-MS to identify changes in urinary metabolites of T2DM mice, analyzed differential metabolites and constructed differential metabolic pathways. Finally, we used Pearman correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between intestinal flora and differential metabolites in T2DM mice, aiming to elucidate the pathogenesis of T2DM and provide an experimental basis for its clinical treatment. Results Our findings revealed a reduction in both the species diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in T2DM mice, with significantly decreased levels of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and significantly increased levels of harmful bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori. Urinary metabolomics results identified 31 differential metabolites between T2DM and control mice, including Phosphatidylcholine, CDP-ethanolamine and Leukotriene A4, which may be closely associated with the glycerophospholipid and arachidonic acid pathways. Pearman correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between dopamine and gonadal, estradiol and gut microbiota, may be a novel direction underlying T2DM. Conclusion In conclusion, our study suggests that alterations in gut microbiota and urinary metabolites are characteristic features of T2DM in mice. Furthermore, a strong correlation between dopamine, estradiol and gut microbiota, may be a novel direction underlying T2DM, the aim is to provide new ideas for clinical treatment and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - An Yan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zehui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Migraine: Translational Findings and Therapeutic Potential. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152406. [PMID: 35954249 PMCID: PMC9367966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, migraine is a leading cause of disability with a huge impact on both the work and private life of affected persons. To overcome the societal migraine burden, better treatment options are needed. Increasing evidence suggests that ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are involved in migraine pathophysiology. These channels are essential both in blood glucose regulation and cardiovascular homeostasis. Experimental infusion of the KATP channel opener levcromakalim to healthy volunteers and migraine patients induced headache and migraine attacks in 82-100% of participants. Thus, this is the most potent trigger of headache and migraine identified to date. Levcromakalim likely induces migraine via dilation of cranial arteries. However, other neuronal mechanisms are also proposed. Here, basic KATP channel distribution, physiology, and pharmacology are reviewed followed by thorough review of clinical and preclinical research on KATP channel involvement in migraine. KATP channel opening and blocking have been studied in a range of preclinical migraine models and, within recent years, strong evidence on the importance of their opening in migraine has been provided from human studies. Despite major advances, translational difficulties exist regarding the possible anti-migraine efficacy of KATP channel blockage. These are due to significant species differences in the potency and specificity of pharmacological tools targeting the various KATP channel subtypes.
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Lee S, Xu H, Van Vleck A, Mawla AM, Li AM, Ye J, Huising MO, Annes JP. β-Cell Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Triggers Metabolic Dysfunction and Insulinopenic Diabetes. Diabetes 2022; 71:1439-1453. [PMID: 35472723 PMCID: PMC9233299 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the pathogenic mechanisms in pancreatic β-cells are incompletely elucidated. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a key mitochondrial enzyme with dual functions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain. Using samples from human with diabetes and a mouse model of β-cell-specific SDH ablation (SDHBβKO), we define SDH deficiency as a driver of mitochondrial dysfunction in β-cell failure and insulinopenic diabetes. β-Cell SDH deficiency impairs glucose-induced respiratory oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, thereby compromising glucose-stimulated ATP production, insulin secretion, and β-cell growth. Mechanistically, metabolomic and transcriptomic studies reveal that the loss of SDH causes excess succinate accumulation, which inappropriately activates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1-regulated metabolic anabolism, including increased SREBP-regulated lipid synthesis. These alterations, which mirror diabetes-associated human β-cell dysfunction, are partially reversed by acute mTOR inhibition with rapamycin. We propose SDH deficiency as a contributing mechanism to the progressive β-cell failure of diabetes and identify mTOR complex 1 inhibition as a potential mitigation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Haixia Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Aidan Van Vleck
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Alex M. Mawla
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Albert Mao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Mark O. Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Justin P. Annes
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Stanford ChEM-H and Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Zhang X, Jia Y, Yuan Z, Wen Y, Zhang Y, Ren J, Ji P, Yao W, Hua Y, Wei Y. Sheng Mai San ameliorated heat stress-induced liver injury via regulating energy metabolism and AMPK/Drp1-dependent autophagy process. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 97:153920. [PMID: 35026620 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver damage is one of the most common complications in humans and animals after heat stress (HS). Sheng Mai San (SMS), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription that originated in the Jin Dynasty, exert a therapeutic effect on HS. However, how SMS prevents liver injury after heat exposure remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effect and molecular mechanisms of SMS on HS-induced liver injury. STUDY DESIGN A comprehensive strategy via incorporating pharmacodynamics, targeted metabolomics, and molecular biology technology was adopted to investigate energy metabolism changes and the therapeutic mechanisms of SMS in HS-induced rat liver injury. METHODS First, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to HS (38 °C/ 75% RH/ 2 h/ day) for 7 consecutive days to establish the HS model, and SMS was given orally for treatment 2 h before heat exposure. Thereafter, liver function and pathological changes in liver tissue were evaluated. Finally, the underlying mechanisms of SMS were determined using targeted energy metabolomics to comprehensively analyze the metabolic pathways and were further verified through Western-blot and qRT-PCR assays. RESULTS Our results showed that SMS alleviated HS-induced liver dysfunction by reducing the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and AST/ALT ratios in serum and improving hepatic pathological damage. Meanwhile, SMS suppressed inflammatory response, oxidative injury, and overexpression of heat shock proteins in liver tissue after heat exposure. With the help of targeted energy metabolomics, we found that SMS could effectively regulate glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to relieve energy metabolism disorder. Furthermore, we confirmed that SMS can facilitate the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis through a dynamin protein 1 (Drp1)-dependent mitophagy process. CONCLUSION On the basis of energy metabolomics, the present study for the first time systematically illustrated the protective effect of SMS on HS-induced liver injury, and preliminarily confirmed that an AMPK-mediated Drp1-dependent mitophagy and mitochondria rebuilding process plays an important role in SMS intervention on HS-induced rat liver. Together, our study lends further support to the use of SMS in treating HS condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yaqian Jia
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Ziwen Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yanqiao Wen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jianmin Ren
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Peng Ji
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Wanling Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yongli Hua
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yanming Wei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
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Anti-aging effects of chlorpropamide depend on mitochondrial complex-II and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:665-677. [PMID: 35256938 PMCID: PMC8897034 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfonylureas are widely used oral anti-diabetic drugs. However, its long-term usage effects on patients’ lifespan remain controversial, with no reports of influence on animal longevity. Hence, the anti-aging effects of chlorpropamide along with glimepiride, glibenclamide, and tolbutamide were studied with special emphasis on the interaction of chlorpropamide with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (mitoK-ATP) channels and mitochondrial complex II. Chlorpropamide delayed aging in Caenorhabditis elegans, human lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells and reduced doxorubicin-induced senescence in both MRC-5 cells and mice. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels were significantly increased in chlorpropamide-treated worms, which is consistent with the function of its reported targets, mitoK-ATP channels. Increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were observed in chlorpropamide-treated worms. Moreover, the lifespan extension by chlorpropamide required complex II and increased mtROS levels, indicating that chlorpropamide acts on complex II directly or indirectly via mitoK-ATP to increase the production of mtROS as a pro-longevity signal. This study provides mechanistic insight into the anti-aging effects of sulfonylureas in C. elegans.
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Hadrava Vanova K, Kraus M, Neuzil J, Rohlena J. Mitochondrial complex II and reactive oxygen species in disease and therapy. Redox Rep 2021; 25:26-32. [PMID: 32290794 PMCID: PMC7178880 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2020.1752002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence points to the respiratory Complex II (CII) as a source and modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Both functional loss of CII as well as its pharmacological inhibition can lead to ROS generation in cells, with a relevant impact on the development of pathophysiological conditions, i.e. cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. While the basic framework of CII involvement in ROS production has been defined, the fine details still await clarification. It is important to resolve these aspects to fully understand the role of CII in pathology and to explore its therapeutic potential in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michal Kraus
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
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Rhinacanthus nasutus "Tea" Infusions and the Medicinal Benefits of the Constituent Phytochemicals. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123776. [PMID: 33317106 PMCID: PMC7763345 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) (Rn) is an herbaceous shrub native to Thailand and much of South and Southeast Asia. It has several synonyms and local or common names. The root of Rn is used in Thai traditional medicine to treat snake bites, and the roots and/or leaves can be made into a balm and applied to the skin for the treatment of skin infections such as ringworm, or they may be brewed to form an infusion for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Rn leaves are available to the public for purchase in the form of “tea bags” as a natural herbal remedy for a long list of disorders, including diabetes, skin diseases (antifungal, ringworm, eczema, scurf, herpes), gastritis, raised blood pressure, improved blood circulation, early-stage tuberculosis antitumor activity, and as an antipyretic. There have been many studies investigating the roles of Rn or compounds isolated from the herb regarding diseases such as Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes and infection with bacteria, fungi or viruses. There have, however, been no clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of Rn in the treatment of any of these disorders, and the safety of these teas over long periods of consumption has never been tested. This review assesses the recent research into the role of Rn and its constituent compounds in a range of diseases.
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11
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Maczewsky J, Kaiser J, Krippeit-Drews P, Drews G. Approved LXR agonists exert unspecific effects on pancreatic β-cell function. Endocrine 2020; 68:526-535. [PMID: 32146655 PMCID: PMC7308254 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel agonists of the nuclear liver-X-receptor (LXR) are designed to treat metabolic disorders or cancer. The rationale to develop these new drugs is based on promising results with established LXR agonist like T0901317 and GW3965. LXRα and LXRβ are expressed in β-cells, and expression is increased by T0901317. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether effects of these drugs on β-cell function are specific and reliably linked to LXR activation. T0901317 and GW3965, widely used as specific LXR agonists, show rapid, non-genomic effects on stimulus-secretion coupling of mouse pancreatic β-cells at low µM concentrations. T0901317 lowered the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, reduced or completely inhibited action potentials, and decreased insulin secretion. GW3965 exerted similar effects on insulin secretion. T0901317 affected the production of reactive oxygen species and ATP. The involvement of the classical nuclear LXRs in T0901317- and GW3965-mediated effects in β-cells could be ruled out using LXRα, LXRβ and double knockout mice. Our results strongly suggest that LXR agonists, that are considered to be specific for this receptor, interfere with mitochondrial metabolism and metabolism-independent processes in β-cells. Thus, it is indispensable to test novel LXR agonists accompanying to ongoing clinical trials for acute and chronic effects on cell function in cellular systems and/or animal models lacking classical LXRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Maczewsky
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Krippeit-Drews
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gisela Drews
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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12
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Liu J, Nong Q, Wang J, Chen W, Xu Z, You W, Xie J, Wang Y, Shan T. Breed difference and regulatory role of CRTC3 in porcine intramuscular adipocyte. Anim Genet 2020; 51:521-530. [PMID: 32400010 DOI: 10.1111/age.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB)-regulated transcription coactivator 3 (CRTC3) is a member of the CRTC protein family and plays an important role in energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine if the expression of porcine CRTC3 is related to intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition and meat quality in Heigai pigs (a local fatty breed in China) and Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs (a lean crossbred pig widely cultured in China). In addition, the effect of ectopic expression of CRTC3 on gene expression in porcine IMF adipocytes was also examined. Our results showed that Heigai pigs had lower lean percentage, thicker back fat thickness and smaller loin muscle area than DLY pigs. Compared with DLY pigs, Heigai pigs had higher marbling scores, better meat color and higher IMF contents and triglyceride concentrations. Higher levels of oxidative metabolic enzyme and expression of the slow oxidative muscle fiber-related genes were observed in longissimus dorsi muscle and psoas major muscle (P < 0.05) from Heigai pigs. Notably, CRTC3 and adipocyte-specific marker genes were highly expressed in muscle tissues of Heigai pigs. The expression of lipolysis-related genes ATGL and HSL were lower in Heigai muscles. Moreover, forced expression of CRTC3 promoted lipid accumulation and increased the expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, leptin and FABP4 (P < 0.05), whereas it decreased the expression of ATGL and HSL in IMF adipocytes. These results suggest that CRTC3 expression is associated with lipid accumulation and IMF deposition in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Q Nong
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - J Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - W Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Z Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - W You
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - J Xie
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd, Zaozhuang, Shandong, 277500, China
| | - Y Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - T Shan
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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Sayed NH, Fathy N, Kortam MA, Rabie MA, Mohamed AF, Kamel AS. Vildagliptin Attenuates Huntington's Disease through Activation of GLP-1 Receptor/PI3K/Akt/BDNF Pathway in 3-Nitropropionic Acid Rat Model. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:252-268. [PMID: 31728850 PMCID: PMC7007456 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00805-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vildagliptin (Vilda), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, has been highlighted as a promising therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Vilda's effect is mostly linked to PI3K/Akt signaling in CNS. Moreover, PI3K/Akt activation reportedly enhanced survival and dampened progression of Huntington's disease (HD). However, Vilda's role in HD is yet to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of the study is to uncover the potentiality of Vilda in HD and unfold its link with PI3K/Akt pathway in 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP) rat model. Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups; group 1 received saline, whereas, groups 2, 3 and 4 received 3NP (10 mg/kg/day; i.p.) for 14 days, concomitantly with Vilda (5 mg/kg/day; p.o.) in groups 3 and 4, and wortmannin (WM), a PI3K inhibitor, (15 μg/kg/day; i.v.) in group 4. Vilda improved cognitive and motor perturbations induced by 3NP, as confirmed by striatal histopathological specimens and immunohistochemical examination of GFAP. The molecular signaling of Vilda was estimated by elevation of GLP-1 level and protein expressions of survival proteins; p85/p55 (pY458/199)-PI3K, pS473-Akt. Together, it boosted striatal neurotrophic factors and receptor; pS133-CREB, BDNF, pY515-TrKB, which subsequently maintained mitochondrial integrity, as indicated by enhancing both SDH and COX activities, and the redox modulators; Sirt1, Nrf2. Such neuroprotection restored imbalance of neurotransmitters through increasing GABA and suppressing glutamate as well PDE10A. These effects were reversed by WM pre-administration. In conclusion, Vilda purveyed significant anti-Huntington effect which may be mediated, at least in part, via activation of GLP-1/PI3K/Akt pathway in 3NP rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha H Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Governorate, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nevine Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Governorate, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Kortam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Governorate, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Rabie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Governorate, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Governorate, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Governorate, Giza, Egypt
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Sikimic J, Hoffmeister T, Gresch A, Kaiser J, Barthlen W, Wolke C, Wieland I, Lendeckel U, Krippeit-Drews P, Düfer M, Drews G. Possible New Strategies for the Treatment of Congenital Hyperinsulinism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:545638. [PMID: 33193079 PMCID: PMC7653201 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.545638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare disease characterized by persistent hypoglycemia as a result of inappropriate insulin secretion, which can lead to irreversible neurological defects in infants. Poor efficacy and strong adverse effects of the current medications impede successful treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate new approaches to silence β-cells and thus attenuate insulin secretion. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the scope of our research, we tested substances more selective and more potent than the gold standard diazoxide that also interact with neuroendocrine ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels. Additionally, KATP channel-independent targets as Ca2+-activated K+ channels of intermediate conductance (KCa3.1) and L-type Ca2+ channels were investigated. Experiments were performed using human islet cell clusters isolated from tissue of CHI patients (histologically classified as pathological) and islet cell clusters obtained from C57BL/6N (WT) or SUR1 knockout (SUR1-/-) mice. The cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) was used as a parameter for the pathway regulated by electrical activity and was determined by fura-2 fluorescence. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) was determined by rhodamine 123 fluorescence and single channel currents were measured by the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS The selective KATP channel opener NN414 (5 µM) diminished [Ca2+]c in isolated human CHI islet cell clusters and WT mouse islet cell clusters stimulated with 10 mM glucose. In islet cell clusters lacking functional KATP channels (SUR1-/-) the drug was without effect. VU0071063 (30 µM), another KATP channel opener considered to be selective, lowered [Ca2+]c in human CHI islet cell clusters. The compound was also effective in islet cell clusters from SUR1-/- mice, showing that [Ca2+]c is influenced by additional effects besides KATP channels. Contrasting to NN414, the drug depolarized ΔΨ in murine islet cell clusters pointing to severe interference with mitochondrial metabolism. An opener of KCa3.1 channels, DCEBIO (100 µM), significantly decreased [Ca2+]c in SUR1-/- and human CHI islet cell clusters. To target L-type Ca2+ channels we tested two already approved drugs, dextromethorphan (DXM) and simvastatin. DXM (100 µM) efficiently diminished [Ca2+]c in stimulated human CHI islet cell clusters as well as in stimulated SUR1-/- islet cell clusters. Similar effects on [Ca2+]c were observed in experiments with simvastatin (7.2 µM). CONCLUSIONS NN414 seems to provide a good alternative to the currently used KATP channel opener diazoxide. Targeting KCa3.1 channels by channel openers or L-type Ca2+ channels by DXM or simvastatin might be valuable approaches for treatment of CHI caused by mutations of KATP channels not sensitive to KATP channel openers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Sikimic
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Theresa Hoffmeister
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Gresch
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Kaiser
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Winfried Barthlen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carmen Wolke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ilse Wieland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Lendeckel
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Krippeit-Drews
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Peter Krippeit-Drews,
| | - Martina Düfer
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gisela Drews
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Nrf2 Activation Protects Mouse Beta Cells from Glucolipotoxicity by Restoring Mitochondrial Function and Physiological Redox Balance. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7518510. [PMID: 31827698 PMCID: PMC6885177 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7518510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Influencing the redox balance of pancreatic beta cells could be a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetes. Nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is present in beta cells and regulates numerous genes involved in antioxidant defense. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important for beta cell signaling but induce oxidative stress when present in excess, this study elucidates the influence of Nrf2-activating compounds on different kinds of ROS and correlates changes in redox balance to effects on mitochondrial function, insulin release, and cell viability. Acute glucose stimulation (15 mmol/L) of murine islet cells of C57Bl/6N mice affects ROS and redox status of the cells differently. Those ROS monitored by dihydroethidium, which detects superoxide radical anions, decrease. By contrast, oxidant status, monitored by dichlorodihydrofluorescein, as well as intracellular H2O2, increases. Glucolipotoxicity completely prevents these fast, glucose-mediated alterations and inhibits glucose-induced NAD(P)H production, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, and ATP synthesis. Oltipraz (10 μmol/L) or dimethyl fumarate (DMF, 50 μmol/L) leads to nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, restores mitochondrial activity and glucose-dependent ROS turnover, and antagonizes glucolipotoxicity-induced inhibition of insulin release and apoptosis. Importantly, these beneficial effects only occur when beta cells are challenged and damaged by high lipid and carbohydrate supply. At physiological conditions, insulin release is markedly reduced in response to both Nrf2 activators. This is not associated with severe impairment of glucose-induced mitochondrial hyperpolarization or a rise in apoptosis but coincides with altered ROS handling. In conclusion, Nrf2 activators protect beta cells against glucolipotoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function and redox balance. As our data show that this maintains glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, targeting Nrf2 might be suited to ameliorate progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. By contrast, nonstressed beta cells do not benefit from Nrf2 activation, thus underlining the importance of physiological shifts in ROS homeostasis for the regulation of beta cell function.
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16
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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. Contribution of Oxidative Stress and Impaired Biogenesis of Pancreatic β-Cells to Type 2 Diabetes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:722-751. [PMID: 30450940 PMCID: PMC6708273 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Type 2 diabetes development involves multiple changes in β-cells, related to the oxidative stress and impaired redox signaling, beginning frequently by sustained overfeeding due to the resulting lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Uncovering relationships among the dysregulated metabolism, impaired β-cell "well-being," biogenesis, or cross talk with peripheral insulin resistance is required for elucidation of type 2 diabetes etiology. Recent Advances: It has been recognized that the oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and glucotoxicity cannot be separated from numerous other cell pathology events, such as the attempted compensation of β-cell for the increased insulin demand and dynamics of β-cell biogenesis and its "reversal" at dedifferentiation, that is, from the concomitantly decreasing islet β-cell mass (also due to transdifferentiation) and low-grade islet or systemic inflammation. Critical Issues: At prediabetes, the compensation responses of β-cells, attempting to delay the pathology progression-when exaggerated-set a new state, in which a self-checking redox signaling related to the expression of Ins gene expression is impaired. The resulting altered redox signaling, diminished insulin secretion responses to various secretagogues including glucose, may lead to excretion of cytokines or chemokines by β-cells or excretion of endosomes. They could substantiate putative stress signals to the periphery. Subsequent changes and lasting glucolipotoxicity promote islet inflammatory responses and further pathology spiral. Future Directions: Should bring an understanding of the β-cell self-checking and related redox signaling, including the putative stress signal to periphery. Strategies to cure or prevent type 2 diabetes could be based on the substitution of the "wrong" signal by the "correct" self-checking signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Javadipour M, Rezaei M, Keshtzar E, Khodayar MJ. Metformin in contrast to berberine reversed arsenic‐induced oxidative stress in mitochondria from rat pancreas probably via Sirt3‐dependent pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22368. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Javadipour
- Toxicology Research CenterAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Toxicology Research CenterAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Elham Keshtzar
- Toxicology Research CenterAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research CenterAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
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18
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Bauer C, Kaiser J, Sikimic J, Krippeit-Drews P, Düfer M, Drews G. ATP mediates a negative autocrine signal on stimulus-secretion coupling in mouse pancreatic β-cells. Endocrine 2019; 63:270-283. [PMID: 30229397 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of ATP, which is secreted by pancreatic β-cells, is still a matter of debate. It has been postulated that extracellular ATP acts as a positive auto- or paracrine signal in β-cells amplifying insulin secretion. However, there is rising evidence that extracellular ATP may also mediate a negative signal. METHODS We evaluated whether extracellular ATP interferes with the Ca2+-mediated negative feedback mechanism that regulates oscillatory activity of β-cells. RESULTS To experimentally uncover the Ca2+-induced feedback we applied a high extracellular Ca2+ concentration. Under this condition ATP (100 µM) inhibited glucose-evoked oscillations of electrical activity and hyperpolarized the membrane potential. Furthermore, ATP acutely increased the interburst phase of Ca2+ oscillations and reduced the current through L-type Ca2+ channels. Accordingly, ATP (500 µM) decreased glucose-induced insulin secretion. The ATP effect was not mimicked by AMP, ADP, or adenosine. The use of specific agonists and antagonists and mice deficient of large conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ channels revealed that P2X, but not P2Y receptors, and Ca2+-dependent K+ channels are involved in the underlying signaling cascade induced by ATP. The effectiveness of ATP to interfere with parameters of stimulus-secretion coupling is markedly reduced at low extracellular Ca2+ concentration. CONCLUSION It is suggested that extracellular ATP which is co-secreted with insulin in a pulsatile manner during glucose-stimulated exocytosis provides a negative feedback signal driving β-cell oscillations in co-operation with Ca2+ and other signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cita Bauer
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany
| | - Julia Kaiser
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany
| | - Jelena Sikimic
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany
| | - Peter Krippeit-Drews
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany
| | - Martina Düfer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Gisela Drews
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany.
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19
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Fatty Acid-Stimulated Insulin Secretion vs. Lipotoxicity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061483. [PMID: 29921789 PMCID: PMC6100479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA)-stimulated insulin secretion (FASIS) is reviewed here in contrast to type 2 diabetes etiology, resulting from FA overload, oxidative stress, intermediate hyperinsulinemia, and inflammation, all converging into insulin resistance. Focusing on pancreatic islet β-cells, we compare the physiological FA roles with the pathological ones. Considering FAs not as mere amplifiers of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), but as parallel insulin granule exocytosis inductors, partly independent of the KATP channel closure, we describe the FA initiating roles in the prediabetic state that is induced by retardations in the glycerol-3-phosphate (glucose)-promoted glycerol/FA cycle and by the impaired GPR40/FFA1 (free FA1) receptor pathway, specifically in its amplification by the redox-activated mitochondrial phospholipase, iPLA2γ. Also, excessive dietary FAs stimulate intestine enterocyte incretin secretion, further elevating GSIS, even at low glucose levels, thus contributing to diabetic hyperinsulinemia. With overnutrition and obesity, the FA overload causes impaired GSIS by metabolic dysbalance, paralleled by oxidative and metabolic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and numerous pro-apoptotic signaling, all leading to decreased β-cell survival. Lipotoxicity is exerted by saturated FAs, whereas ω-3 polyunsaturated FAs frequently exert antilipotoxic effects. FA-facilitated inflammation upon the recruitment of excess M1 macrophages into islets (over resolving M2 type), amplified by cytokine and chemokine secretion by β-cells, leads to an inevitable failure of pancreatic β-cells.
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20
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Metabolic Alterations in a Slow-Paced Model of Pancreatic Cancer-Induced Wasting. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6419805. [PMID: 29682162 PMCID: PMC5846462 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6419805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a devastating syndrome occurring in the majority of terminally ill cancer patients. Notably, skeletal muscle atrophy is a consistent feature affecting the quality of life and prognosis. To date, limited therapeutic options are available, and research in the field is hampered by the lack of satisfactory models to study the complexity of wasting in cachexia-inducing tumors, such as pancreatic cancer. Moreover, currently used in vivo models are characterized by an explosive cachexia with a lethal wasting within few days, while pancreatic cancer patients might experience alterations long before the onset of overt wasting. In this work, we established and characterized a slow-paced model of pancreatic cancer-induced muscle wasting that promotes efficient muscular wasting in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with conditioned media from pancreatic cancer cells led to the induction of atrophy in vitro, while tumor-bearing mice presented a clear reduction in muscle mass and functionality. Intriguingly, several metabolic alterations in tumor-bearing mice were identified, paving the way for therapeutic interventions with drugs targeting metabolism.
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21
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Undank S, Kaiser J, Sikimic J, Düfer M, Krippeit-Drews P, Drews G. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Affects Stimulus-Secretion Coupling of Pancreatic β-Cells. Diabetes 2017; 66:2840-2848. [PMID: 28864549 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) influences glucose homeostasis and possibly acts as a link between the cardiovascular system and metabolism, especially in metabolic disorders like diabetes. The current study evaluated effects of ANP on β-cell function by the use of a β-cell-specific knockout of the ANP receptor with guanylate cyclase activity (βGC-A-KO). ANP augmented insulin secretion at the threshold glucose concentration of 6 mmol/L and decreased KATP single-channel activity in β-cells of control mice but not of βGC-A-KO mice. In wild-type β-cells but not β-cells lacking functional KATP channels (SUR1-KO), ANP increased electrical activity, suggesting no involvement of other ion channels. At 6 mmol/L glucose, ANP readily elicited Ca2+ influx in control β-cells. This effect was blunted in β-cells of βGC-A-KO mice, and the maximal cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was lower. Experiments with inhibitors of protein kinase G (PKG), protein kinase A (PKA), phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B), and a membrane-permeable cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) analog on KATP channel activity and insulin secretion point to participation of the cGMP/PKG and cAMP/PKA/Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP) directly activated by cAMP Epac pathways in the effects of ANP on β-cell function; the latter seems to prevail. Moreover, ANP potentiated the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) on glucose-induced insulin secretion, which could be caused by a cGMP-mediated inhibition of PDE3B, which in turn reduces cAMP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Undank
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jelena Sikimic
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Düfer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Krippeit-Drews
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gisela Drews
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Ashtekar A, Huk D, Magner A, La Perle K, Zhang X, Piruat JI, López-Barneo J, Jhiang SM, Kirschner LS. Sdhd ablation promotes thyroid tumorigenesis by inducing a stem-like phenotype. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:579-591. [PMID: 28928232 PMCID: PMC5650926 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA, also known as the Krebs cycle) have been implicated as causative genetic lesions in a number of human cancers, including renal cell cancers, glioblastomas and pheochromocytomas. In recent studies, missense mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex have also been proposed to cause differentiated thyroid cancer. In order to gain mechanistic insight into this process, we generated mice lacking the SDH subunit D (Sdhd) in the thyroid. We report that these mice develop enlarged thyroid glands with follicle hypercellularity and increased proliferation. In vitro, human thyroid cell lines with knockdown of SDHD exhibit an enhanced migratory capability, despite no change in proliferative capacity. Interestingly, these cells acquire stem-like features which are also observed in the mouse tumors. The stem-like characteristics are reversed by α-ketoglutarate, suggesting that SDH-associated tumorigenesis results from dedifferentiation driven by an imbalance in cellular metabolites of the TCA cycle. The results of this study reveal a metabolic vulnerability for potential future treatment of SDH-associated neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Ashtekar
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Danielle Huk
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alexa Magner
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Krista La Perle
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Comparative Pathology & Mouse Phenotyping Shared ResourceThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of BiostatisticsThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - José I Piruat
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío CSIC Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - José López-Barneo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío CSIC Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Sissy M Jhiang
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lawrence S Kirschner
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Maczewsky J, Sikimic J, Bauer C, Krippeit-Drews P, Wolke C, Lendeckel U, Barthlen W, Drews G. The LXR Ligand T0901317 Acutely Inhibits Insulin Secretion by Affecting Mitochondrial Metabolism. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2145-2154. [PMID: 28449117 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of liver X receptor (LXR) in pancreatic β-cell physiology and pathophysiology is still unclear. It has been postulated that chronic LXR activation in β-cells induces lipotoxicity, a key step in the development of β-cell dysfunction, which accompanies type 2 diabetes mellitus. In most of these studies, the LXR ligand T0901317 has been administered chronically in the micromolar range to study the significance of LXR activation. In the current study, we have evaluated acute effects of T0901317 on stimulus-secretion coupling of β-cells. We found that 10 µM T0901317 completely suppressed oscillations of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration induced by 15 mM glucose. Obviously, this effect was due to inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism. T0901317 markedly depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential, thus inhibiting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and reducing the cytosolic ATP concentration. This led in turn to a huge increase in KATP current and hyperpolarization of the cell membrane potential. Eventually, T0901317 inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion. These effects were rapid in on-set and not compatible with the activation of a nuclear receptor. In vivo, T0901317 acutely increased the blood glucose concentration after intraperitoneal application. In summary, these data clearly demonstrate that T0901317 exerts acute effects on stimulus-secretion coupling. This observation questions the chronic use of T0901317 and limits the interpretation of results obtained under these experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Maczewsky
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jelena Sikimic
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cita Bauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Krippeit-Drews
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carmen Wolke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Lendeckel
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Winfried Barthlen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gisela Drews
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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24
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Abstract
The pancreatic β-cell secretes insulin in response to elevated plasma glucose. This review applies an external bioenergetic critique to the central processes of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, including glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism, the cytosolic adenine nucleotide pool, and its interaction with plasma membrane ion channels. The control mechanisms responsible for the unique responsiveness of the cell to glucose availability are discussed from bioenergetic and metabolic control standpoints. The concept of coupling factor facilitation of secretion is critiqued, and an attempt is made to unravel the bioenergetic basis of the oscillatory mechanisms controlling secretion. The need to consider the physiological constraints operating in the intact cell is emphasized throughout. The aim is to provide a coherent pathway through an extensive, complex, and sometimes bewildering literature, particularly for those unfamiliar with the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Nicholls
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California; and Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmo, Sweden
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25
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Reynolds MS, Hancock CR, Ray JD, Kener KB, Draney C, Garland K, Hardman J, Bikman BT, Tessem JS. β-Cell deletion of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 nuclear receptors impedes mitochondrial respiration and insulin secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E186-201. [PMID: 27221116 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00022.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
β-Cell insulin secretion is dependent on proper mitochondrial function. Various studies have clearly shown that the Nr4a family of orphan nuclear receptors is essential for fuel utilization and mitochondrial function in liver, muscle, and adipose. Previously, we have demonstrated that overexpression of Nr4a1 or Nr4a3 is sufficient to induce proliferation of pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we examined whether Nr4a expression impacts pancreatic β-cell mitochondrial function. Here, we show that β-cell mitochondrial respiration is dependent on the nuclear receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3. Mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized cells was significantly decreased in β-cells lacking Nr4a1 or Nr4a3. Furthermore, respiration rates of intact cells deficient for Nr4a1 or Nr4a3 in the presence of 16 mM glucose resulted in decreased glucose mediated oxygen consumption. Consistent with this reduction in respiration, a significant decrease in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion rates is observed with deletion of Nr4a1 or Nr4a3. Interestingly, the changes in respiration and insulin secretion occur without a reduction in mitochondrial content, suggesting decreased mitochondrial function. We establish that knockdown of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 results in decreased expression of the mitochondrial dehydrogenase subunits Idh3g and Sdhb. We demonstrate that loss of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 impedes production of ATP and ultimately inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. These data demonstrate for the first time that the orphan nuclear receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 are critical for β-cell mitochondrial function and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrick S Reynolds
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Chad R Hancock
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Jason D Ray
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Kyle B Kener
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Carrie Draney
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Kevin Garland
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Jeremy Hardman
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Physiology and Developmental Biology Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
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