1
|
Bohdanowicz-Pawlak A, Lwow F. Differences in Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Metabolic Disturbances between VDR Genotypes in an Ethnically Homogenous Postmenopausal Female Population from Poland. Nutrients 2023; 15:2737. [PMID: 37375641 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Vitamin D deficiency and changes in the endocrine system may stimulate systemic inflammation. VDR expression and the vitamin D concentration decrease with age, which is important in postmenopausal women for whom estrogen deficiency causes rapid bone loss. This group is, moreover, particularly at risk of developing atherosclerosis and its adverse consequences, such as chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess the differentiation by the VDR genotype of the risk factors for so-called chronic low-grade inflammation and metabolic disorders. (2) We studied the differences between the anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammation parameters of VDR genotypes for Apa-I, Bsm-I, Fok-I, and Taq-I in a sample of 321 women aged 50-60 from an ethnically homogeneous urban population in Poland. (3) The TT Taq-I genotype presented a significantly higher rate of insulin resistance (HOMA) and lower serum levels of adiponectin than the other two genotypes. The AA genotype of the Bsm-I polymorphism was associated with a more atherogenic serum profile and significantly higher LDL and LDL/HDL values and Castelli Index. (4) Chronic low-grade inflammation was associated with the TT Taq-I genotype and presented a higher rate of insulin resistance. The AA genotype of the Bsm-I polymorphism presented a more atherogenic serum lipid profile and, therefore, a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bohdanowicz-Pawlak
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Felicja Lwow
- Department of Massage and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elfasakhany FM, Alqahtani MS, Elguindy AMA, El-Damarawi MA. Vitamin D Receptor Gene ApaI and TaqI Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes among Saudi Population. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Variants of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been linked to a variety of diseases, including metabolic syndrome, cancer, bone disease, and tuberculosis. The relationship between VDR gene mutations and the susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different ethnic groups is yet unknown. Vitamin D and its receptor complex have a function in regulating β-cell insulin secretion as a transcription factor.
Objectives: The goal of this study was to see if there is a link between VDR Apa1 and Taq1 polymorphisms and T2DM susceptibility in the Saudis of Makkah environ.
Materials and Methods: DNA was separated from peripheral blood and genotyped in 110 healthy controls and 110 unrelated people with T2DM for the VDR ApaI (G/T) rs7975232 and TaqI (A/G) rs731236 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique.
Results: The distributions of genotypes and alleles of VDR ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms were statistically indifferent across the groups investigated (P >0.05).
Conclusion: These findings showed that polymorphisms in the VDR ApaI and TaqI genes may not be linked to T2DM risk in Saudis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rasoul MA, Haider MZ, Al-Mahdi M, Al-Kandari H, Dhaunsi GS. Relationship of four vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with type 1 diabetes mellitus susceptibility in Kuwaiti children. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:71. [PMID: 30845908 PMCID: PMC6404350 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Kuwait is amongst the highest in the world. Vitamin D is considered to be involved in immune modulation and its deficiency contribute to autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells in T1DM patients. Vitamin D has been shown to exert its effects via a nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) and therefore, VDR gene may be considered a candidate for T1DM susceptibility. Methods The genotypes of four VDR gene polymorphisms were determined in 253 Kuwaiti Arab T1DM patients and 214 healthy controls by PCR-RFLP analysis. Serum concentrations of three autoantibodies i.e. ICA (Islet cell autoantibody), GADA (Glutamic acid decarboxylase) and INS (Insulin autoantibody) were determined by radio-immunoassays. Results Statistically significant differences were detected between the genotypes of two VDR gene polymorphisms (FokI, C > T, rs10735810 and TaqI, C > T, rs731236) between T1DM patients and controls (P < 0.0001). In both, the frequency of variant alleles was considerably high in T1DM than in the controls. In contrast, the VDR gene ApaI (G > T, rs7975232) and BsmI (A > G, rs1544410) polymorphisms did not show association with T1DM. The homozygous variant genotypes of FokI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms show significant differences between various age-of-onset subgroups while no such association was detected in the case of BsmI polymorphism. Significant differences were also noted between heterozygous genotypes of all four polymorphisms especially between 4-6y and > 6y age-of-onset subgroups of T1DM patients. Three autoantibodies, ICA (Islet cell), GADA (glutamate decarboxylase) and INS (insulin) were positively associated to, varying degrees, with T1DM in Kuwaiti Arabs harboring different VDR gene polymorphism genotypes. Conclusions Our results demonstrate a significant effect of two VDR gene polymorphisms (FokI and TaqI) and three autoantibodies on genetic susceptibility of T1DM in Kuwaiti Arabs along with other factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majedah A Rasoul
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat-13110, Jabriya, Kuwait.,Department of Pediatrics, Adan Hospital, Al-Adan, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Z Haider
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat-13110, Jabriya, Kuwait.
| | - Maria Al-Mahdi
- Department of Pediatrics, Adan Hospital, Al-Adan, Kuwait
| | - Hessa Al-Kandari
- Department of Pediatrics, Farwania Hospital, Farwania, Kuwait.,Family Medicine and Pediatric Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Gursev S Dhaunsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat-13110, Jabriya, Kuwait.,Medical Laboratories, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Jabriya, Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zendehdel A, Arefi M. Molecular evidence of role of vitamin D deficiency in various extraskeletal diseases. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8829-8840. [PMID: 30609168 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role of vitamin D is not only limited to skeletal system but various other systems of the body, such as immune system, endocrine system, and cardiopulmonary system. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is supported by the confirmations of systems-wide expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), endocrinal effect of calcitriol, and its role in immune responses. RESULTS Expression of VDR in various systems, immunoregulatory and hormonal response of vitamin D and deficiency of vitamin D may establish various pathologies in the body. CONCLUSION This review provides molecular evidence of relation of vitamin D with extra skeletal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Zendehdel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arefi
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ali R, Fawzy I, Mohsen I, Settin A. Evaluation of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms (Fok-I and Bsm-I) in T1DM Saudi children. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22397. [PMID: 29417618 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency conferred strongest susceptibility to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Altered gene expression and function have strong effect on VDR gene polymorphism. OBJECTIVES We aimed to check for the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VDR gene (Fok-I and Bsm-I) with T1DM in Saudi children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study included 100 T1DM Saudi children, plus 102 unrelated healthy subjects. PCR technique was used for detection of Fok-I and Bsm-I SNPs in VDR gene. RESULTS Regarding the Fok-I polymorphisms, T1DM cases showed a significant increased frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Ff) than controls (33% vs 21%, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.006-3.587, P = .04). In the meantime, they showed significantly lower frequency of the homozygous (ff) genotype (64% vs 79%, OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.28-0.96, P = .03). Cases showed also a significantly lower frequency of the (f) allele than controls (80.5% vs 87.7%, OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.33-0.995, P = .04). On the other hand, cases showed significantly higher frequency of the Bsm-I homozygous (bb) and heterozygous (Bb) genotypes (25% vs 11.8%, P = .01, OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.18-5.31) & (45% vs 27.5%, P = .0, OR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.20-3.89, respectively). Cases showed also significantly higher frequency of (b) allele compared to control (47.5% vs 25.5%, P = .0, OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.74-4.02). Haplotype analysis showed an increased risk with the fB and fb haplotypes. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes a positive association between SNPs (Fok-I and Bsm-I) and T1DM among Saudi children with increased risk with the Fok-I F and Bsm-I b alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Ali
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al Monawara, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics Unit Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Iman Fawzy
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Mansoura Fever Hospital, Ministry of Health, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ihsan Mohsen
- Pediatric Endocrine Division- Department of Pediatrics, Madinah Maternity & Children Hospital, King Abdullah Medical City, Al-Madinah Al Monwara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Settin
- Pediatrics and Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Al-Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mukhtar M, Batool A, Wajid A, Qayyum I. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Influence T1D Susceptibility among Pakistanis. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:4171254. [PMID: 29333433 PMCID: PMC5733195 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4171254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene regulates insulin secretion from the pancreas and acts as a mediator of the immune response through vitamin D. Polymorphism in VDR causes alterations in the functioning of vitamin D, leading to type 1 diabetes (T1D) predisposition. The aim of the present study was to determine VDR gene polymorphism in association with T1D in Pakistanis. METHODS The association was evaluated by selecting rs2228570 (FokΙ), rs7975232 (ApaΙ), and rs731236 (TaqΙ) polymorphic sites in 102 patients and 100 controls. Genotypes were identified by DNA sequencing and PCR-RFLP. RESULTS The allelic and genotypic frequencies of FokΙ and ApaI were significantly associated with T1D (p < 0.001) development. At the FokΙ site, tryptophan was replaced with arginine due to polymorphism. A novel SNP (GeneBank acc number KT280406) was identified through the sequencing of intron 8, 62 bp downstream from the ApaI polymorphic site, and significantly associated with T1D development. The TaqΙ did not depict any association with T1D at the allelic or genotypic level (p > 0.05). CCGC, CCGG, CCTC, and CCTG haplotypes were significantly associated with disease development (p < 0.05). However, CTGG haplotype was protective towards T1D (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION VDR polymorphisms were identified as susceptible regions for T1D development in the Pakistani population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mukhtar
- Department of Zoology, G.C. University, Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Andleeb Batool
- Department of Zoology, G.C. University, Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Iram Qayyum
- Department of Zoology, G.C. University, Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Penna-Martinez M, Badenhoop K. Inherited Variation in Vitamin D Genes and Type 1 Diabetes Predisposition. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8040125. [PMID: 28425954 PMCID: PMC5406872 DOI: 10.3390/genes8040125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology and pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes remain largely elusive with no established concepts for a causal therapy. Efforts to clarify genetic susceptibility and screening for environmental factors have identified the vitamin D system as a contributory pathway that is potentially correctable. This review aims at compiling all genetic studies addressing the vitamin D system in type 1 diabetes. Herein, association studies with case control cohorts are presented as well as family investigations with transmission tests, meta-analyses and intervention trials. Additionally, rare examples of inborn errors of vitamin D metabolism manifesting with type 1 diabetes and their immune status are discussed. We find a majority of association studies confirming a predisposing role for vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and those of the vitamin D metabolism, particularly the CYP27B1 gene encoding the main enzyme for vitamin D activation. Associations, however, are tenuous in relation to the ethnic background of the studied populations. Intervention trials identify the specific requirements of adequate vitamin D doses to achieve vitamin D sufficiency. Preliminary evidence suggests that doses may need to be individualized in order to achieve target effects due to pharmacogenomic variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Penna-Martinez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sahin OA, Goksen D, Ozpinar A, Serdar M, Onay H. Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes susceptibility in children: a meta-analysis. Endocr Connect 2017; 6:159-171. [PMID: 28232367 PMCID: PMC5424779 DOI: 10.1530/ec-16-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been studies focused on FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus with controversial results. METHODS This present study is a meta-analysis investigating the association between FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms of VDR gene and type 1 DM in children. A literature search was performed using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and PubMed. Any study was considered eligible for inclusion if at least one of FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms was determined, and outcome was type 1 DM at pediatric age. RESULTS A total of 9 studies comprising 1053 patients and 1017 controls met the study inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) of the FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms were combined and calculated. Forest plots and funnel plots of the OR value distributions were drawn. Our meta-analysis has demonstrated statistically significant associations between DM1 and VDR genotypes, BsmIBB (P < 0.05), BsmIBb, (P < 0.05), BsmIbb (P < 0.05), TaqITT (P < 0.05) and TaqItt (P < 0.05) in children. CONCLUSION The results indicated that BsmIBB, BsmIBb and TaqItt polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of type 1 DM, whereas BsmIbb and TaqITT had protective effect for type 1 DM in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Atan Sahin
- Department of PediatricsAcıbadem University School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Goksen
- Department of Pediatric EndocrinologyFaculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ozpinar
- Department of BiochemistryAcıbadem University, School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Serdar
- Department of BiochemistryAcıbadem University, School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Onay
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu S, Cai H, Cheng W, Zhang H, Pan Z, Wang D. Association of VDR polymorphisms ( Taq I and Bsm I) with prostate cancer: a new meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:3-10. [PMID: 28222630 PMCID: PMC5536582 DOI: 10.1177/0300060516668939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Prostate cancer is a malignant tumour that poses a serious risk to human health. Epidemiological studies suggest that it may be associated with vitamin D receptor gene ( VDR) polymorphisms. Previous work investigated potential risks between Taq I (rs731236) and Bsm I (rs1544410) VDR polymorphisms with prostate cancer in humans; however, results are inconsistent. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to retrieve genetic association analyses of rs731236 and rs1544410 polymorphisms with prostate cancer from studies published between 2006-2016. Pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess genetic associations, and heterogeneity was assessed by Q and I2statistics. Results Our findings suggest a significant association between rs731236 and prostate cancer risk in Asians and African Americans, but rs1544410 was not associated with prostate cancer under three genetic models. Conclusion Future studies including larger sample sizes and the analysis of gene functions are needed to help develop prostate cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Taizhou University Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Hairong Cai
- Department of Urology Surgery, Taizhou University Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Weisong Cheng
- Department of Urology Surgery, Taizhou University Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Taizhou University Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhengbo Pan
- Department of Urology Surgery, Taizhou University Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Dongguo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou University Affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang J, Ye J, Guo G, Lan Z, Li X, Pan Z, Rao X, Zheng Z, Luo F, Lin L, Lin Z, Xue Y. Vitamin D Status Is Negatively Correlated with Insulin Resistance in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:1794894. [PMID: 27413370 PMCID: PMC4931076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1794894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives. Vitamin D deficiency plays a role in insulin resistance and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Little information is available about the association between vitamin D status and insulin resistance in the Chinese population. Currently, vitamin D status is evaluated by the concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. This study explores the relationship between insulin resistance and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods. This study included 117 patients with type 2 diabetes. The following variables were measured: 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting blood insulin (FINS), fasting blood C-peptide, serum creatinine (SCr), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), body mass index (BMI), and homeostatic model estimates of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results. The cases were divided into three groups: Group 1 (G1) with 25(OH)D ≤ 20 ng/mL [≤50 nmol/L], Group 2 (G2) with 25(OH)D values from 20 ng/mL [50 nmol/L] to 30 ng/mL [75 nmol/L], and Group 3 (G3) with 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL [≥75 nmol/L], with 52.6%, 26.3%, and 21.1% of subjects in Groups 1-3, respectively. There was a negative correlation between 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR (β = -0.314, p = 0.001) adjusted by age, BMI, and eGFR. Conclusion. Better vitamin D status may be protective of glucose homeostasis since 25(OH)D was negatively associated with insulin resistance in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jianhong Ye
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhenhao Lan
- Sanming City Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sanming 365000, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhiming Pan
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xianming Rao
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zongji Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Fangtao Luo
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Luping Lin
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- *Yaoming Xue:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Grant WB. The role of geographical ecological studies in identifying diseases linked to UVB exposure and/or vitamin D. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2016; 8:e1137400. [PMID: 27195055 PMCID: PMC4862381 DOI: 10.1080/19381980.2015.1137400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Using a variety of approaches, researchers have studied the health effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure and vitamin D. This review compares the contributions from geographical ecological studies with those of observational studies and clinical trials. Health outcomes discussed were based on the author's knowledge and include anaphylaxis/food allergy, atopic dermatitis and eczema, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, back pain, cancer, dental caries, diabetes mellitus type 1, hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus, mononucleosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, and sepsis. Important interactions have taken place between study types; sometimes ecological studies were the first to report an inverse correlation between solar UVB doses and health outcomes such as for cancer, leading to both observational studies and clinical trials. In other cases, ecological studies added to the knowledge base. Many ecological studies include other important risk-modifying factors, thereby minimizing the chance of reporting the wrong link. Laboratory studies of mechanisms generally support the role of vitamin D in the outcomes discussed. Indications exist that for some outcomes, UVB effects may be independent of vitamin D. This paper discusses the concept of the ecological fallacy, noting that it applies to all epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meng S, He ST, Jiang WJ, Xiao L, Li DF, Xu J, Shi XH, Zhang JA. Genetic susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid diseases in a Chinese Han population: Role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2015; 76:684-9. [PMID: 26593863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have found that some immune-related genes were associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). A couple of studies have explored the association between vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to AITDs in different populations and found conflicting results. This case-control study was designed to evaluate the role of polymorphisms of VDR gene in the predisposition of AITDs in a Chinese Han population. METHODS A total of 417 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 250 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and 301 healthy subjects were enrolled. The Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS) Platform was applied to detect four SNPs (rs1544410, rs2228570, rs731236 and rs7975232) in the VDR gene. RESULTS In the rs7975232 allele A frequency showed a significant increase in GD patients (30.34% vs. 25.42% in controls; P=0.041, OR=1.278, 95%CI=1.010-1.617). However, no relationship was found between clinical phenotypes and the four SNPs. CONCLUSIONS This result suggests that the VDR gene may be one susceptibility gene which contributes to the risk of GD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Shuang-tao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Wen-juan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Dan-feng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xiao-hong Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jin-an Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, 1508, Longhang Road, Shanghai 201508, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cheon CK, Nam HK, Lee KH, Kim SY, Song JS, Kim C. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes mellitus in a Korean population. Pediatr Int 2015; 57:870-4. [PMID: 25808747 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). There has been no case-control study examining the association between VDR polymorphisms and T1DM among Korean subjects with a low incidence of T1DM. METHODS Eighty-one T1DM patients and 113 unrelated healthy controls with no history of DM or other autoimmune diseases were investigated at either Pusan National University Children's Hospital or Korea University Anam Hospital between March 2009 and September 2013. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was utilized to genotype single nucleotide substitutions at TaqI, BsmI, and ApaI alleles. RESULTS All frequencies in T1DM and control subjects were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, although ApaI in controls and TaqI in T1DM showed relatively weak equilibrium. TaqI and BsmI differences were significant (P = 0.045 and P = 0.012, respectively) after applying Bonferroni correction. The TT genotype carrier frequency among controls was higher than among the T1DM patients (P = 0.015; OR, 2.98; 95%CI: 1.19-7.42). T allele frequency was higher among controls than T1DM patients (P = 0.019; OR, 2.78; 95%CI: 1.15-6.72). The frequency of bb genotype carriers among controls was higher than among T1DM patients (P = 0.004; OR, 4.13; 95%CI: 1.4-12.10). The frequency of the b allele among controls was higher than that among T1DM patients (P = 0.016; OR, 3.20; 95%CI: 1.19-8.60). CONCLUSIONS T and b TaqI and BsmI alleles are protective against T1DM in Korean subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Kun Cheon
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Nam
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul
| | - Kee-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul
| | - Su Yung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan
| | - Ji Sun Song
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam
| | - Choongrak Kim
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vaishya R, Vijay V, Agarwal AK, Jahangir J. Resurgence of vitamin D: Old wine in new bottle. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2015; 6:173-83. [PMID: 26155053 PMCID: PMC4488032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There are early references of it in ancient text and physicians have discussed its importance and features of its deficiency in the past. Vitamin D has again regained interest with recent dramatic rise in the incidence of deficiency in the developing as well as developing world. In this review article, we discuss the biochemical and role of vitamin D in the skeletal system. We also discuss the recommended dietary requirements and features of skeletal deficiency. Extra-skeletal roles of vitamin D deficiency have been a matter of debate lately and it has also been discussed in detail in this article. In conclusion, it would not be wrong to label vitamin D as one of the most important vitamin involved in the metabolism of the musculoskeletal system and any clinician, especially the orthopaedician, should be well versed with its overall mechanism and roles in the human body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Vaishya
- Senior Consultant, Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Vipul Vijay
- Consultant, Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Amit Kumar Agarwal
- Consultant, Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jabed Jahangir
- Clinical Fellow, Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li W, Guo L, Li H, Sun C, Cui X, Song G, Wang J, Zhang Q. Polymorphism rs2239185 in vitamin D receptor gene is associated with severe community-acquired pneumonia of children in Chinese Han population: a case-control study. Eur J Pediatr 2015; 174:621-9. [PMID: 25367052 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-014-2433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a potential candidate gene for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Examining the susceptibility VDR gene for CAP is essential for early intervention, prevention of related complications, and improvement of outcome. A case-control study was performed to examine the association between rs2239185 of VDR gene and CAP among children in Chinese Han population. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were used to genotype rs2239185 in 91 CAP children and 94 healthy children. For rs2239185, individuals with TT genotype showed a significantly higher risk of CAP than those with CC plus CT genotypes (P = 0.008). The occurrence of T allele of rs2239185 was significantly more frequent in CAP children than those in normal controls (P = 0.045).We found through stratification analysis that CAP children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), leukocyte count (WBC) >10 × 10(9)/L, C-reactive protein (CRP) >25 mg/L, procalcitonin (PCT) >2 ng/mL, and pediatric critical illness score <80 scores showed significantly higher frequency of TT genotype than those in normal controls (P = 0.0012, 0.0035, 0.0005, 0.0002, and 0.0021, respectively). CONCLUSION TT genotype of rs2239185 in VDR gene might be one of the potential genetic risk factors for CAP, and T allele of rs2239185 might be associated with the susceptibility to CAP and the severity of CAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Critical Medical Care, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, No. 2, Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100020,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Association of VDR-gene variants with factors related to the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency. Gene 2014; 542:129-33. [PMID: 24680778 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is rising alarmingly in the Saudi Arabian population. This study was conducted to assess the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to components of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and vitamin D deficiency in the Saudi Arabian population. Five-hundred-seventy Saudi individuals (285 MetS and 285 controls) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. TaqI, BsmI, ApaI and FokI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene were genotyped. The CT genotype and allele T of BsmI were associated with lower HDL-C levels [OR 0.60 (0.37, 0.96), p=0.03] and obesity [OR 1.4 (1.0, 1.90), p=0.04], respectively. The CT genotype and the dominant model CT+TT of BsmI were associated with increased risk of diabetes [OR 1.7 (1.2, 2.4), p=0.007], and [OR 1.5 (1.1, 2.2), p=0.01], respectively. On the contrary, the CT and CT+CC genotypes of FokI exhibited an association with a reduced risk of diabetes [OR 0.70 (0.49, 0.99), p=0.05] and [OR 0.67 (0.48, 0.94), p=0.02], respectively. The allele C of FokI was associated with lower risk of developing T2DM [OR 0.73 (0.56, 0.95), p=0.02]. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was lower in subjects with the AC genotype of ApaI [OR, 0.34 (0.14, 0.80), p=0.01]. Components of the MetS such as obesity, low HDL and T2DM were associated with the VDR gene. FokI and BsmI have protective and facilitative effects on the risk for T2DM, while the ApaI genotype was associated with reduced vitamin D deficiency.
Collapse
|
17
|
Badawi A, Sayegh S, Sadoun E, Al-Thani M, Arora P, Haddad PS. Relationship between insulin resistance and plasma vitamin D in adults. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2014; 7:297-303. [PMID: 25045275 PMCID: PMC4094570 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s60569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance has been established through several studies. Research suggests a correlation between serum vitamin D and glycemic status measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the plasma vitamin D levels (25[OH]D) and the factors linked to insulin resistance in a representative sample of Canadians ranging in age from 16-79 years. Data were used from the Canadian Health Measures Survey where direct measures of health and wellness were reported from 1,928 subjects. These data were gathered from March 2007-February 2009 at 15 sites selected through a multistage sampling strategy. An inverse relationship between insulin resistance and plasma vitamin D level in both men and women was observed. This study provides additional evidence for the role of vitamin D in T2DM. If causally associated, the supplementation of vitamin D may help in preventing insulin resistance and subsequent T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Badawi
- Office of Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Alaa Badawi, Office of Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, 180 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON M5V 3L7, Canada, Email
| | - Suzan Sayegh
- Department of Public Health, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eman Sadoun
- Clinical Research Division, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Al-Thani
- Department of Public Health, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paul Arora
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pierre S Haddad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abd-Allah SH, Pasha HF, Hagrass HA, Alghobashy AA. Vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Egyptian children. Gene 2013; 536:430-4. [PMID: 24370753 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is recognized as a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Vitamin D compounds are known to suppress T-cell activation by binding to vitamin D receptor (VDR); and thus, VDR gene polymorphisms may be related to T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin D status and VDR gene polymorphisms and T1DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with T1DM and one hundred and twenty controls were enrolled in the study. VDR gene BsmI, FokI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was determined using ELISA. RESULT Serum 25(OH)D levels revealed a vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in 75% of the patients. The mean levels of vitamin D were significantly lower in patients as compared to their controls (P=<0.001). VDR BsmI Bb and bb genotypes and VDR FokI Ff and ff genotypes were associated with increased risk of T1DM (OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.3-4.2, P=0.005; OR=2.2, 95% CI=1.1-4.7, P=0.04; OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.03-3.04, P=0.04; OR=4.03, 95% CI=1.2-13.1, P=0.01 respectively), while the VDR ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms were not. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that vitamin D deficiency and VDR BsmI and FokI polymorphisms were associated with T1DM in Egyptian children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somia H Abd-Allah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba F Pasha
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Hoda A Hagrass
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ashgan A Alghobashy
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Phabphal K, Geater A. The association between BsmI polymorphism and risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients with epilepsy taking valproate. Seizure 2013; 22:692-7. [PMID: 23755911 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between the BsmI polymorphism and vascular risk factors or metabolic syndrome in patients with epilepsy treated with valproate. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study to determine glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, and evidence of metabolic syndrome, as well as the BsmI polymorphism in seizure free adults with epilepsy. RESULTS We recruited 75 patients with epilepsy to the current study. The frequency of the BsmI polymorphism was 22.7%. We found that patients with BsmI polymorphism had significantly higher total levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C. There were no differences in terms of fasting blood glucose level and fasting insulin levels between patients with the BsmI polymorphism and those with the wild type vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. Insulin resistance was identified in 6 of 17 patients with the BsmI polymorphism, and 18 of 58 patients with the wild type VDR gene. We calculated the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and found no difference in HOMA levels between the groups. Systolic blood pressure was higher in patients with the BsmI polymorphism. There was a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with the BsmI polymorphism than in patients with the wild type gene. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in BsmI polymorphism carriers was 64.7% compared with 41.4% in patients with the wild type VDR gene. CONCLUSION Young patients with epilepsy taking valproate who carry the BsmI polymorphism are at an increased risk of having vascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanitpong Phabphal
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
De Azevêdo Silva J, Guimarães RL, Brandão LAC, Araujo J, Segat L, Crovella S, Sandrin-Garcia P. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and age onset in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Autoimmunity 2013; 46:382-7. [PMID: 23721405 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2013.795952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor is a mediator of immune responses through the action of vitamin D, which is capable of regulate the insulin secretion by the pancreas. Since polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene might modulate vitamin D function, and thus immunologic response, VDR is possibly able to influence the predisposition to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The aim of this work was to perform an association study among VDR polymorphisms and T1DM susceptibility, as well as the correlation with the disease onset. Two hundred and four T1DM patients and 217 controls, from Northeast Brazil, were genotyped for five tagSNPs, covering the whole VDR gene. Our results indicated an association between rs1540339 and rs4760648 SNPs (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) and T1DM. No association was found with T1DM onset and age at diagnose. To our knowledge, this is the first association study in T1DM where the whole VDR gene was analyzed, and our results indicate that VDR polymorphisms could be important for T1DM susceptibility, but do not seem to be associated to age at disease onset.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ferrarezi DAF, Bellili-Muñoz N, Dubois-Laforgue D, Cheurfa N, Lamri A, Reis AF, Le Feuvre C, Roussel R, Fumeron F, Timsit J, Marre M, Velho G. Allelic variations of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetics: the DIABHYCAR prospective study. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2013; 39:263-70. [PMID: 23352876 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Vitamin D deficiency is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), and the actions of vitamin D are mediated by binding to a specific nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study investigated the associations of VDR gene variants with CAD in two cohorts of type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS A cohort of 3137 subjects from the prospective DIABHYCAR study (CAD incidence: 14.8%; follow-up: 4.4 ± 1.3 years) and an independent, hospital-based population of 713 subjects, 32.3% of whom had CAD, were assessed. Three SNPs in the VDR gene were genotyped: rs1544410 (BsmI); rs7975232 (ApaI); and rs731236 (TaqI). RESULTS In the DIABHYCAR cohort, an association was observed between the A allele of BsmI and incident cases of CAD (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05-1.29; P = 0.002). Associations were also observed between BsmI (P = 0.01) and TaqI (P = 0.04) alleles and baseline cases of CAD. The AAC haplotype (BsmI/ApaI/TaqI) was significantly associated with an increased CAD prevalence at the end of the study compared with the GCT haplotype (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.28; P = 0.04). In a cross-sectional study of the independent hospital-based cohort, associations of ApaI (P = 0.009) and TaqI (P = 0.03) alleles with CAD were observed, with similar haplotype results (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.03-1.73; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION The haplotype comprising the minor allele of BsmI, major allele of ApaI and minor allele of TaqI of VDR (AAC) was associated with an increased risk of CAD in type 2 diabetes patients. This effect was independent of the effects of other known cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A F Ferrarezi
- Inserm, Research Unit 695, 16, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Frederiksen B, Liu E, Romanos J, Steck A, Yin X, Kroehl M, Fingerlin T, Erlich H, Eisenbarth G, Rewers M, Norris J. Investigation of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and its interaction with protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 gene (PTPN2) on risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 133:51-7. [PMID: 22960018 PMCID: PMC3513655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the association between variants in the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 gene (PTPN2), as well as an interaction between VDR and PTPN2 and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) has followed children at increased risk of T1D since 1993. Of the 1692 DAISY children genotyped for VDR rs1544410, VDR rs2228570, VDR rs11568820, PTPN2 rs1893217, and PTPN2 rs478582, 111 developed IA, defined as positivity for GAD, insulin or IA-2 autoantibodies on 2 or more consecutive visits, and 38 IA positive children progressed to T1D. Proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted. There was no association between IA development and any of the gene variants, nor was there evidence of a VDR*PTPN2 interaction. Progression to T1D in IA positive children was associated with the VDR rs2228570 GG genotype (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.92) and there was an interaction between VDR rs1544410 and PTPN2 rs1893217 (p(interaction)=0.02). In children with the PTPN2 rs1893217 AA genotype, the VDR rs1544410 AA/AG genotype was associated with a decreased risk of T1D (HR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.11-0.53, p=0.0004), while in children with the PTPN2 rs1893217 GG/GA genotype, the VDR rs1544410 AA/AG genotype was not associated with T1D (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.43-4.06, p=0.62). These findings should be replicated in larger cohorts for confirmation. The interaction between VDR and PTPN2 polymorphisms in the risk of progression to T1D offers insight concerning the role of vitamin D in the etiology of T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. Frederiksen
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - E. Liu
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - J. Romanos
- University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A.K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - X. Yin
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - M. Kroehl
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - T.E. Fingerlin
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - H. Erlich
- Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA, United States
| | - G.S. Eisenbarth
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - M. Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - J.M. Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Corresponding author at: 13001 East 17th Place, Box B119, Aurora, CO 80045, United States. Tel.: +1 303 724 4428; fax: +1 303 724 4489. (J.M. Norris)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chakhtoura M, Azar ST. The role of vitamin d deficiency in the incidence, progression, and complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:148673. [PMID: 23573085 PMCID: PMC3610375 DOI: 10.1155/2013/148673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The "nonclassic" role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) has been recently widely recognized. In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), it plays an immunomodulatory role through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) present on pancreatic and immune cells. Specific VDR allelic variants have been associated with T1D in many countries. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency has been prevalent in T1D, and the seasonal and latitude variability in the incidence of T1D can be partly explained by the related variability in vitamin D level. In fact, retrospective studies of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy or infancy showed a lower incidence of T1D. We will review the different mechanisms of the vitamin D protective effect against insulitis and present the available data on the role of vitamin D deficiency in the control, progression, and complications of T1D.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ferrarezi DAF, Bellili-Muñoz N, Nicolau C, Cheurfa N, Guazzelli IC, Frazzatto E, Velho G, Villares SM. Allelic variations in the vitamin D receptor gene, insulin secretion and parents' heights are independently associated with height in obese children and adolescents. Metabolism 2012; 61:1413-21. [PMID: 22551951 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the VDR gene were reported to be associated with variations in intrauterine and postnatal growth and with adult height, but also with other traits that are strongly correlated such as the BMI, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and hyperglycemia. Here, we assessed the impact of VDR polymorphisms on body height and its interactions with obesity- and glucose tolerance-related traits in obese children and adolescents. We studied 173 prepubertal (Tanner's stage 1) and 146 pubertal (Tanner's stages 2-5) obese children who were referred for a weight-loss program. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped: rs1544410 (BsmI), rs7975232 (ApaI) and rs731236 (TaqI). BsmI and TaqI genotypes were significantly associated with height in pubertal children, but the associations did not reach statistical significance in prepubertal children. In stepwise regression analyses, the lean body mass, insulin secretion, BsmI or TaqI genotypes and the father's and the mother's height were independently and positively associated with height in pubertal children. These covariables accounted for 46% of the trait variance. The height of homozygous carriers of the minor allele of BsmI was 0.65 z-scores (4cm) higher than the height of homozygous carriers of the major allele (P=.0006). Haplotype analyses confirmed the associations of the minor alleles of BsmI and TaqI with increased height. In conclusion, VDR genotypes were significantly associated with height in pubertal obese children. The associations were independent from the effects of confounding traits, such as the body fat mass, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A F Ferrarezi
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Metabolic Disease (LIM-25), Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Room 4305, CEP 01246-903, SP São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kitson MT, Roberts SK. D-livering the message: the importance of vitamin D status in chronic liver disease. J Hepatol 2012; 57:897-909. [PMID: 22634121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is synthesized predominantly in the liver and functions as an important secosteroid hormone with pleiotropic effects. While its key regulatory role in calcium and bone homeostasis is well established, recently there is increasing recognition that vitamin D also regulates cell proliferation and differentiation, and has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. These non-skeletal effects are relevant in the pathogenesis and treatment of many causes of chronic liver disease. Vitamin D deficiency is frequently present in chronic liver disease and may predict non-response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C. Small studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation improves sustained viral response rates, while 1α-hydroxylase polymorphisms and vitamin D-binding protein are also implicated in therapeutic outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency also closely relates to the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, a key factor in the development of NAFLD. In preclinical studies, phototherapy and vitamin D supplementation ameliorate NAFLD histopathology, while vitamin D is a powerful anti-fibrotic against thioacetamide liver injury. In liver transplant recipients severe vitamin D deficiency predicts, and vitamin D supplementation prevents, acute cellular rejection. The role of vitamin D in the activation and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems may explain its importance in the above liver diseases. Further prospective studies are therefore warranted to investigate the therapeutic impact of vitamin D supplementation in chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Kitson
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Role of vitamin D in insulin resistance. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:634195. [PMID: 22988423 PMCID: PMC3440067 DOI: 10.1155/2012/634195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is characterized as a regulator of homeostasis of bone and mineral metabolism, but it can also provide nonskeletal actions because vitamin D receptors have been found in various tissues including the brain, prostate, breast, colon, pancreas, and immune cells. Bone metabolism, modulation of the immune response, and regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation are all biological functions of vitamin D. Vitamin D may play an important role in modifying the risk of cardiometabolic outcomes, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The incidence of type 2 DM is increasing worldwide and results from a lack of insulin or inadequate insulin secretion following increases in insulin resistance. Therefore, it has been proposed that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in insulin resistance resulting in diabetes. The potential role of vitamin D deficiency in insulin resistance has been proposed to be associated with inherited gene polymorphisms including vitamin D-binding protein, vitamin D receptor, and vitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase gene. Other roles have been proposed to involve immunoregulatory function by activating innate and adaptive immunity and cytokine release, activating inflammation by upregulation of nuclear factor κB and inducing tumor necrosis factor α, and other molecular actions to maintain glucose homeostasis and mediate insulin sensitivity by a low calcium status, obesity, or by elevating serum levels of parathyroid hormone. These effects of vitamin D deficiency, either acting in concert or alone, all serve to increase insulin resistance. Although there is evidence to support a relationship between vitamin D status and insulin resistance, the underlying mechanism requires further exploration. The purpose of this paper was to review the current information available concerning the role of vitamin D in insulin resistance.
Collapse
|
27
|
Serum 25 (OH) vit D3 is an independent predictor of cardiometabolic risk factors among first-degree relatives of Egyptian women with metabolic syndrome. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/xce.0b013e32835a2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
28
|
Heshmat R, Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Abbaszadeh-Ahranjani S, Shahbazi S, Khooshehchin G, Bandarian F, Larijani B. Effect of vitamin D on insulin resistance and anthropometric parameters in Type 2 diabetes; a randomized double-blind clinical trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 20:10. [PMID: 23351271 PMCID: PMC3555787 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-20-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background & the purpose of the study Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. To reduce its risk and progression, preventive strategies are needed. Vitamin supplementation such as vitamin D is one of the strategies. This study was designed to investigate the effect of injection of vitamin D on insulin resistance and anthropometric parameters in T2DM. Methods This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted with 42 diabetic patients in two groups; intervention group with single intramuscular injection of 300,000 International Unit (IU) of vitamin D3 and the placebo group. After recording demographic and anthropometric factors (waist circumference, blood pressure and body mass index), fasting blood samples was taken for measurement of blood glucose, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3), insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and estimation of Homeostasis Model Assessment Index (HOMA) in two times; before study and after three months. Results Two groups had similar baseline characteristics (each group = 21 subjects). Three months after vitamin D injection, HbA1c, anthropometric factors and HOMA index in intervention group stayed constant, however, serum 25- OHD3 was significantly increased (p = 0.007). Conclusion The present data is not convincing and further studies with large sample sizes are needed to show the definite effect of injection of vitamin D on control of diabetes and its risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Heshmat
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th floor, Dr, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave, 14114 Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gordon CM, Mantzoros CS. Dietary calcium and body weight: what's the "skinny"? Metabolism 2012; 61:137-9. [PMID: 22269212 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
30
|
Abstract
Most studies across a variety of geographic locations suggest that vitamin D insufficiency is more common in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to the general population. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), while obesity is commonplace and lower vitamin D levels are present in obese adolescents and adults, the association between vitamin D insufficiency and T2D is less clear. Studies suggest that the relationship between T2D and vitamin D may be concurrently influenced by ethnicity, geography, BMI and age. None-the-less, diabetic osteopathy is a significant co-morbidity of both forms of diabetes, and is characterized by micro-architectural changes that decrease bone quality leading to an increased risk for bone fracture in both disorders. The question remains, however, to what degree vitamin D homeostasis contributes to or exacerbates skeletal pathology in diabetes. Proposed mechanisms for vitamin D deficiency in diabetes include: 1) genetic predisposition (T1D); 2) increased BMI (T2D); 3) concurrent albuminuria (T1D or T2D); or 4) exaggerated renal excretion of vitamin D metabolites or vitamin D binding protein (T1D, T2D, animal models). The specific effects of vitamin D treatment on diabetic osteoporosis have been examined in rodents, and demonstrate skeletal improvements even in the face of untreated diabetes. However, human clinical trial data examining whether vitamin D status can be directly related to or is predictive of bone quality and fracture risk in those with diabetes is still needed. Herein, we provide a review of the literature linking vitamin D, diabetes and skeletal health.
Collapse
|
31
|
Wolden-Kirk H, Overbergh L, Christesen HT, Brusgaard K, Mathieu C. Vitamin D and diabetes: its importance for beta cell and immune function. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 347:106-20. [PMID: 21889571 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Experimental evidence indicates that vitamin D may play a role in the defense against type 1 diabetes (T1D) as well as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Epidemiological data have established a link between vitamin D deficiency and an increased incidence of both T1D and T2D, whereas early and long-term vitamin D supplementation may decrease the risk of these disorders. The protective effects of vitamin D are mediated through the regulation of several components such as the immune system and calcium homeostasis. However, an increasing amount of evidence suggests that vitamin D also affects beta cells directly thereby rendering them more resistant to the types of cellular stress encountered during T1D and T2D. This review evaluates the role of vitamin D signaling in the pathogenesis of T1D and T2D with a special emphasis on the direct effects of vitamin D on pancreatic beta cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Wolden-Kirk
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Catholic University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Aslani S, Hossein-Nezhad A, Mirzaei K, Maghbooli Z, Afshar AN, Karimi F. VDR FokI polymorphism and its potential role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and its complications. Gynecol Endocrinol 2011; 27:1055-60. [PMID: 21663527 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2011.569786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is evaluating the associations of FokI vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and its relations with postpartum metabolic syndrome. In a cohort study, 303 women referred to outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The VDR FokI genotypes were determined. All subjects were followed 6?12 weeks after delivery. The frequencies of Ff, FF, and ff genotypes were 30.4% (49), 63.4% (102), and 6.2% (10), respectively, in healthy pregnancies and 34.5% (49), 54.9% (78), and 10.6% (15), respectively, in GDM patients. The ff genotype was more common in GDM patients. Healthy individuals had higher frequency of F allele, suggesting that F allele may have a role in decreased incidence of GDM. Concerning the GDM risk factors, f allele had significant association with prepregnancy obesity and family history of diabetes. In postpartum follow-up, women who developed metabolic syndrome were significantly older with higher prepregnancy body mass index, had more family history of diabetes, and also their ff genotype was two fold more frequent. Our results indicate a meaningful association between FokI VDR genotypes and an increase risk of GDM in Iranian population as well as its effects on postpartum metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Aslani
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Centre, 5th floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar St.Tehran, POBox 14114, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vélayoudom-Céphise FL, Larifla L, Donnet JP, Maimaitiming S, Deloumeaux J, Blanchet A, Massart C, Munoz-Bellili N, Merle S, Chout R, Bonnet F, Foucan L. Vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk factors in Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2011; 37:540-5. [PMID: 21764620 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of diabetes in the French West Indies is three times higher than in mainland France. We aimed to assess the associations between vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk factors in Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS In this cross-sectional study of 277 patients, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by radioimmunoassay. FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene were genotyped. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression were performed. RESULTS The study included 76 patients of Indian descent and 201 patients of African descent. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 42.6%. When patients were classified into groups with (G1) and without (G2) vitamin D deficiency, there were no significant differences in age, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and HbA(1c), although body mass index was significantly higher in G1. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with increased diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05). Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was decreased in patients carrying the f allele of FokI (OR: 0.52; P=0.02) and the aa genotype of ApaI (OR: 0.46; P=0.05). BsmI and TaqI SNPs were not associated with vitamin D deficiency. CONCLUSION The rate of vitamin D deficiency was high in our T2D patients, and was associated with the VDR gene FokI and ApaI polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk profile. Measurements of vitamin D may help to detect T2D patients with cardiovascular risk, and VDR polymorphisms might explain why vitamin D deficiency is so frequently seen in some T2D patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F-L Vélayoudom-Céphise
- Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology and Medicine, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, University of Antilles and Guyane, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mohammadnejad Z, Ghanbari M, Ganjali R, Afshari JT, Heydarpour M, Taghavi SM, Fatemi S, Rafatpanah H. Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes mellitus in Iranian population. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:831-7. [PMID: 21584699 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases and vitamin D suppresses activation of T-cell and has immunomodulatory effects. In this study the association between four vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms, at positions FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI, and susceptibility to T1DM was investigated. We assessed 87 Iranian patients with T1DM and one hundred healthy controls with no history of diabetes or other autoimmune diseases. Our results demonstrated that genotypes frequency of the TaqI VDR polymorphism differed significantly between T1DM patients and controls, TT genotype and T allele was more frequent in healthy controls compared with TIDM patients (P = 0.003; OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.84). Therefore, allele t is the risk-allele for developing TIDM in this study. No significant association was observed between others VDR SNPs and disease susceptibility. In conclusion, our case-control study indicated that the VDR TaqI polymorphism is associated with TIDM in Iranian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mohammadnejad
- Immunology Research Center, Buali Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kocabaş A, Karagüzel G, Imir N, Yavuzer U, Akçurin S. Effects of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to disease and bone mineral density in Turkish patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2010; 23:1289-97. [PMID: 21714463 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2010.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is regarded as one of the candidate genes for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) susceptibility and of some genetic factors involved in the development of osteoporosis in this group. STUDY DESIGN We characterized the VDR gene polymorphism (BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, FokI and Cdx-2 binding site) in a group of Turkish patients with T1D (n=90) and correlated respective VDR genotypes with the bone mass and some parameters of bone turnover. RESULTS There were no differences in the genotype frequencies of the BsmI, ApaI, TaqI and Cdx-2 polymorphisms in patients and control subjects. We found a significantly higher prevalence of the F allele/the FF genotype in the patients compared to controls (p=0,0031, odds 1.96 (1,27-3,01)). We observed no difference in markers of bone turnover (Serum levels of osteocalcin, PINP and alkaline phosphatase, urinary levels of calcium/ creatinine and N-telopeptid) among different VDR genotypes. No correlation was found between VDR polymorphisms and DEXA measurements of these patients. CONCLUSIONS Although the FF genotype was found to be a risk factor in a Turkish population, elucidation of this result is necessary in other larger study groups drawn from the same ethnic population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kocabaş
- Department of Pediatrics, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Marjamäki L, Niinistö S, Kenward MG, Uusitalo L, Uusitalo U, Ovaskainen ML, Kronberg-Kippilä C, Simell O, Veijola R, Ilonen J, Knip M, Virtanen SM. Maternal intake of vitamin D during pregnancy and risk of advanced beta cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in offspring. Diabetologia 2010; 53:1599-607. [PMID: 20369220 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We evaluated the intake of vitamin D by pregnant Finnish women and examined associations between maternal intake of vitamin D and the development of advanced beta cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in their offspring. METHODS The research was carried out within the Diabetes Prediction and Prevention study (DIPP), which is a population-based birth cohort of infants at genetic risk of type 1 diabetes. Mothers of 3,723 infants born between 1997 and 2002 completed a validated 181-item food frequency questionnaire, which included questions on dietary supplements. The offspring were observed at 3 to 12 month intervals for the appearance of autoantibodies associated with type 1 diabetes and for the development of clinical type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Maternal mean daily intake of vitamin D was 5.1 microg from food and 1.3 microg from supplements. The maternal intake of vitamin D, either from food or from supplements, was not associated with the risk of advanced beta cell autoimmunity/type 1 diabetes in offspring (HR [95% CI] for intake of vitamin D from food 1.25 [0.80-1.95], for vitamin D intake from supplements 1.05 [0.95-1.16]), or with the risk of type 1 diabetes alone (HR [95% CI] for intake of vitamin D from food 0.84 [0.41-1.72], for vitamin D intake from supplements 1.09 [0.99-1.20]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Maternal intake of vitamin D either from food or supplements during pregnancy is not associated with advanced beta cell autoimmunity/type 1 diabetes or with type 1 diabetes alone in Finnish offspring carrying increased genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Marjamäki
- Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Interaction of vitamin D receptor with HLA DRB1 0301 in type 1 diabetes patients from North India. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8023. [PMID: 19956544 PMCID: PMC2780726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial autoimmune disorder where interaction and integration of immune response genes along with environmental factors play a role in autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing Pancreatic Beta cells. Methodology/Principal Findings We have studied four single nucleotide polymorphisms (FokI site in Exon 2, BsmI and ApaI sites in Intron 8 and TaqI site in exon 9) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene using PCR-RFLP and HLA-DRB1 alleles using PCR and hybridization with sequence specific oligonucleotide probes and studied their interaction using LD based statistics for non-linked loci followed by sequence analysis of the vitamin D response element (VDRE) present in the promoter region of HLA-DRB1*0301. Haplotypes, constructed using SHEsis program for four single nucleotide polymorphisms in the VDR gene, were studied for their interaction with HLA-DRB1 alleles in 233 T1D patients and 191 healthy controls from North India. A significant increase of haplotypes FBAt and fBAT (p<0.02, OR = 1.44 and p<0.002, OR = 3.23 respectively) was observed in the patients. Both the haplotypes FBAt and fBAT were significantly increased in male patients with age at onset less than 18 years; however, fBAT was significantly increased in female patients irrespective of their age at onset. LD based statistics showed significant interaction between the high producer F and T alleles with HLA-DRB1*0301. F and T alleles of VDR have been shown to contribute to VDR mRNA independently. The promoter sequence analysis of HLA-DRB1*0301 showed presence of VDRE involved in higher expression of HLA-DRB1*030, which was confirmed by flow cytometry and real time PCR analysis. Conclusions/Significance These data suggest that the interaction between VDR and HLA alleles is mediated by VDRE present in the promoter region of HLA-DRB1*0301 allele, which may be detrimental for the manifestation of T1D in the absence of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in early childhood due to poor expression of DRB1*0301 in the thymus resulting in autoimmunity.
Collapse
|
38
|
Panierakis C, Goulielmos G, Mamoulakis D, Petraki E, Papavasiliou E, Galanakis E. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Crete, Greece. Clin Immunol 2009; 133:276-81. [PMID: 19734102 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 08/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Association studies of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) have produced inconsistent results in different populations, pointing to contribution of additional genetic variants and environmental factors. In this study we investigated the association between four VDR polymorphisms and susceptibility to T1D in Crete, an island with homogenous population and considerably low incidence of T1D. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We genotyped 100 patients with T1D and 96 controls for the FokI (rs10735810), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) single nucleotide polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. In all 4 polymorphisms tested, distribution of VDR genotype frequencies differed significantly between patients and controls. Individuals with T1D presented less commonly with FokI F allele (p=0.008; OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.85) and BsmI B allele (p=0.042; OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.97) and more commonly with ApaI A allele (p=0.024; OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.41) and TaqI T allele (p=0.0001; OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.36). CONCLUSION Our findings derived from a homogenous southern European population with low incidence of T1D suggest that FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene are associated with T1D prevalence.
Collapse
|
39
|
San-Pedro JI, Bilbao JR, Perez de Nanclares G, Vitoria JC, Martul P, Castaño L. Heterogeneity of vitamin D receptor gene association with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Autoimmunity 2009; 38:439-44. [PMID: 16278149 DOI: 10.1080/08916930500288455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D has been shown to exert multiple immunomodulatory effects and is known to suppress T-cell activation by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). To determine whether VDR gene polymorphisms are related to the susceptibility to celiac disease, we investigated its implication as a candidate gene in the Basque population. Because celiac disease and type 1 diabetes share common susceptibility loci, we also analyzed families with type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS A total of 37 families with celiac disease and 64 type 1 diabetic families of Basque origin with at least one affected offspring were genotyped for four VDR restriction-site polymorphisms (Fok I, Bsm I, Apa I and Taq I). The AFBAC approach was used to test for association. RESULTS Comparison of VDR genotypes of the patients with those of 88 healthy individuals identified "ff" as a risk genotype for celiac disease [p = 0.01; OR = 3.45 (1.12-10.79)]. On the other hand, a significantly higher frequency of haplotype "fBAt" was observed in the type 1 diabetic group [p(c) = 0.02; OR = 4.4 (1.5-15.3)]. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that polymorphisms within the vitamin D receptor gene are markers of susceptibility to or protection from autoimmune diseases, although, at least in the Basque population, association of VDR variants with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes seems to be heterogeneous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J I San-Pedro
- Research Unit, Hospital de Cruces, Barakaldo, Basque Country, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Alfonso B, Liao E, Busta A, Poretsky L. Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus-a new field of knowledge poised for D-velopment. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2009; 25:417-9. [PMID: 19565622 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This commentary reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. In type 1 diabetes mellitus or in adult onset latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA), vitamin D exhibits immunomodulatory actions, influencing the activity of lymphocytes and interleukins. In type 2 diabetes mellitus vitamin D appears to act through different mechanisms, affecting insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity through its effects on the beta cells, mediators of inflammation and parathyroid hormone. Much work remains to be done in this new field of knowledge before the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is completely understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Alfonso
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mory DB, Rocco ER, Miranda WL, Kasamatsu T, Crispim F, Dib SA. Prevalence of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms FokI and BsmI in Brazilian individuals with type 1 diabetes and their relation to β-cell autoimmunity and to remaining β-cell function. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:447-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
42
|
Ranganathan P. Genetics of bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis--role of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009; 48:342-6. [PMID: 19151030 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
RA is a systemic inflammatory arthritis that leads to local and systemic bone loss. Osteoporosis or the systemic bone loss associated with RA increases the risk for fragility fractures, which can affect quality of life dramatically in RA patients. Although traditional and RA-related risk factors have been defined and studied for osteoporosis associated with RA, genetic factors such as polymorphic variants in the traditional candidate genes for osteoporosis, such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR), type 1 collagen A1 (COLIA1) and oestrogen receptor-alpha (ESR1), have not been well elucidated in RA patients. This review summarizes the currently available literature on the association of VDR polymorphisms with local and systemic bone loss in RA. It also discusses potential targets for genetic research in this area, such as polymorphisms in genes, such as IL-6 (IL6) and TNF receptor type 2 (TNFRSF1B), which control the inflammatory response in RA and may influence bone loss in RA. Defining such genetic factors, in addition to traditional and RA-related risk factors for osteoporosis in RA, may facilitate early identification of patients at high risk for fractures who can then be targeted for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ranganathan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Baeke F, Etten EV, Gysemans C, Overbergh L, Mathieu C. Vitamin D signaling in immune-mediated disorders: Evolving insights and therapeutic opportunities. Mol Aspects Med 2008; 29:376-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
44
|
von Hurst PR, Stonehouse W, Matthys C, Conlon C, Kruger MC, Coad J. Study protocol--metabolic syndrome, vitamin D and bone status in South Asian women living in Auckland, New Zealand: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind vitamin D intervention. BMC Public Health 2008; 8:267. [PMID: 18667086 PMCID: PMC2518926 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of the vitamin D receptor in the endocrine pancreas suggests a role for vitamin D in insulin secretion. There is also some limited evidence that vitamin D influences insulin resistance, and thus the early stages of the development of type 2 diabetes. Methods Eighty-four women of South Asian origin, living in Auckland, New Zealand, were randomised to receive either a supplement (4000IU 25(OH)D3 per day) or a placebo for 6 months. At baseline, all participants were vitamin D deficient (serum 25(OH)D3 <50 nmol/L), insulin resistant (HOMA-IR > 1.93) and/or hyperinsulinaemic, hyperglycemic or had clinical signs of dislipidaemia. Changes in HOMA-IR, lipids, parathyroid hormone, calcium and bone markers were monitored at 3 months and 6 months. Discussion This randomised, controlled trial will be the first to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects. It will subsequently contribute to the growing body of evidence about the role of vitamin D in metabolic syndrome.Registered clinical. Trial registration Registered clinical trial – Registration No. ACTRN12607000642482
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela R von Hurst
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Newhook LA, Grant M, Sloka S, Hoque M, Paterson AD, Hagerty D, Curtis J. Very high and increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Pediatr Diabetes 2008; 9:62-8. [PMID: 18221421 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among children aged 0-14 yr inclusive in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). METHODS Prospective and retrospective cohort study of the incidence of T1DM in children aged 0-14 yr from 1987 to 2005. Identified cases during this time period were ascertained from several sources and verified using the capture-recapture technique. RESULTS Over the study period, 732 children aged 0-14 yr were diagnosed with T1DM. The incidence of T1DM in this population over the period 1987-2005 inclusive was 35.08 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval: 32.54, 37.62). The incidence over this period increased linearly at the rate of 0.78 per 100 000 per year. There was a significant difference between the incidence of 31.61 per 100,000 for boys in the 0-4-yr age-group and 19.05 per 100,000 for girls in the 0-4-yr age-group (p = 0.001). The incidence was very high throughout the entire province. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The province of NL has one of the highest incidences of T1DM reported worldwide. The incidence is increasing over the 19-yr study period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L A Newhook
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
López T, García D, Angel B, Carrasco E, Codner E, Ugarte F, Pérez-Bravo F. [Association between Fok I vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and plasmatic concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 and interferon gamma in type 1 diabetes mellitus]. Med Clin (Barc) 2008; 130:81-4. [PMID: 18261376 DOI: 10.1157/13115350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In order to assess whether Fok I vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphism is involved in the genetic susceptibility of type 1 diabetes, a case-control study was conducted and VDR genotypes were related to serum concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D and cytokines transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and interferon gamma (INF-gamma). PATIENTS AND METHOD 151 incident cases of type 1 diabetes and 182 non related healthy controls from Santiago were studied for VDR polymorphisms in peripheral blood DNA. Exon 2 (Fok I) segments were amplified by polimerase chain reaction and analyzed by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism to determine each corresponding genotype. Differences for allele, genotype and serological markers as 25(OH) vitamin D, TGF-beta1 and INF-gamma levels distribution between patients and controls were analyzed. RESULTS Fok I polymorphism distribution analysis showed no differences between patients and controls. Among diabetics, higher levels of TGF-beta1 (median, 282.6 pg/ml; range, 131.8-3,031.4) were observed compared with healthy children (median, 232.2 pg/ml; range, 135.7-506.5) (p < 0.0038). Similar results were observed for INF-gamma concentrations (median, 121.1 pg/ml, and range, 5.3-228.8, in cases, and median, 89.6 pg/ml, and range, 10.9-117.2 in controls) (p < 0.0004). The diabetic carriers of the ff genotype showed low levels of 25(OH) vitamin D compared with the carriers of the F allele: mean (standard deviation), 23.1 (5.9) versus 27.9 (10.3) ng/ml (p < 0.03). A similar result was observed for TGF-beta1 concentrations in diabetic carriers of ff genotype and patients carriers of the F allele (298.5 versus 276.6; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Fok I polymorphism of VDR could have a marginal role in the immunologic disturbance in type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana López
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Nutricional y Genética, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tai K, Need AG, Horowitz M, Chapman IM. Vitamin D, glucose, insulin, and insulin sensitivity. Nutrition 2008; 24:279-85. [PMID: 18187309 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/22/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review examines available evidence of links between abnormalities of glucose and insulin metabolism and vitamin D deficiency. Possible mechanisms of action of vitamin D include stimulation of insulin secretion and effects on insulin sensitivity. Sun exposure usually implies greater outdoor physical activity, which in itself may have beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, unrelated to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. The observed associations in humans among vitamin D, insulin, and glucose metabolism have not yet been confirmed by intervention studies and, hence, a causal association has not been established. Clinical trials are needed to determine whether vitamin D treatment of vitamin D-deficient individuals is able to prevent or treat diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamilia Tai
- University of Adelaide Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lemos MC, Fagulha A, Coutinho E, Gomes L, Bastos M, Barros L, Carrilho F, Geraldes E, Regateiro FJ, Carvalheiro M. Lack of association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Portuguese population. Hum Immunol 2008; 69:134-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 01/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
49
|
Lack of association of VDR gene polymorphisms with thyroid autoimmune disorders: familial and case/control studies. J Clin Immunol 2007; 28:21-5. [PMID: 17943423 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-007-9124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We study the association between three Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms (rs10735810, rs1544410, rs731236) and susceptibility to thyroid autoimmune diseases. Seventy-six affected subjects, belonging to a large family, as well as one hundred unrelated Tunisian patients and one hundred healthy Tunisian controls were genotyped. A family-based association test and a standard chi-square test were used to assess association in family and case-control data, respectively. Our results showed no significant association of the Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to thyroid autoimmune diseases in the family. Moreover, allele frequencies for the three polymorphisms in the Tunisian population were similar to those reported in the Tunisian control population and none was associated with the disease. These results suggest a lack of association between the Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to thyroid autoimmune diseases in Tunisian population, in agreement with data from the UK, but in conflict with studies from the Far East.
Collapse
|
50
|
García D, Angel B, Carrasco E, Albala C, Santos JL, Pérez-Bravo F. VDR polymorphisms influence the immune response in type 1 diabetic children from Santiago, Chile. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007; 77:134-40. [PMID: 17129633 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of ApaI, BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and HLA-DQB1* alleles in type 1 diabetic children and to assess their possible relationship with circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3), auto-antibodies, and INFgamma/TGFbeta1 cytokines levels in Chilean cases and controls. METHODS DNA and serum samples from 216 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic and 203 unrelated control children were evaluated for IA-2 and GAD(65) auto-antibodies, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels, HLA-DQB1* alleles, and VDR gene polymorphisms. RESULTS The frequency of the b allele and the bb genotype in type 1 diabetic patients was significantly lower compared with the control group (0.635 versus 0.749, p<0.01 and 0.370 versus 0.567, p<0.04). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels showed no differences between type 1 diabetic and healthy children. In cases, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels were not associated with a special auto-antibodies profile according to the presence or absence of GAD(65)(+) or IA-2(+). The haplotype combination BAT was higher in cases (0.062 versus 0.019, p<0.0022) and bAT was more frequent in controls (0.266 versus 0.180, p<0.003). In cases, the aaBbTT genotype showed the most significant increase in TGFbeta1 level across the VDR categories. Finally, when considering the HLA class II risk genotype (DQB1*0302) and the VDR genotypes (AabbTT and aabbTT), higher levels of GAD(65), IA-2 and TGFbeta1 were observed among diabetic children. CONCLUSION We found an association between a VDR polymorphism (BsmI) and type 1 diabetes. An association was found of AabbTT and aabbTT genotypes and the HLA-DQB1*0302 allele with high levels of GAD(65), IA-2 and TGFbeta1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego García
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|