1
|
Wang RY, Xiong Q, Chang SH, Jin JY, Xiang R, Zeng L, Yu F. Identification of truncated variants in GLI family zinc finger 3 (GLI3) associated with polydactyly. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:449. [PMID: 39080720 PMCID: PMC11287838 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polydactyly is a prevalent congenital anomaly with an incidence of 2.14 per 1000 live births in China. GLI family zinc finger 3 (GLI3) is a classical causative gene of polydactyly, and serves as a pivotal transcription factor in the hedgehog signaling pathway, regulating the development of the anterior-posterior axis in limbs. METHODS Three pedigrees of polydactyly patients were enrolled from Hunan Province, China. Pathogenic variants were identified by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Three variants in GLI3 were identified in three unrelated families, including a novel deletion variant (c.1372del, p.Thr458GlnfsTer44), a novel insertion-deletion (indel) variant (c.1967_1968delinsAA, p.Ser656Ter), and a nonsense variant (c.2374 C > T, p.Arg792Ter). These variants were present exclusively in patients but not in healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS We identified three pathogenic GLI3 variants in polydactyly patients, broadening the genetic spectrum of GLI3 and contributing significantly to genetic counseling and diagnosis for polydactyly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run-Yan Wang
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Qin Xiong
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Si-Hua Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jie-Yuan Jin
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
- Microsurgery & Reconstruction Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
- Microsurgery & Reconstruction Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Almeida KY, Zempo H, Saito M, Cetolin T, dos Santos Guimarães R, Marrero AR, Aguiar AS, Kikuchi N. Influence of ACTN3 R577X Polymorphism on Blood Creatine Kinase Levels Relative to Number of Sprints in Brazilian Professional Soccer Players. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:896. [PMID: 39062675 PMCID: PMC11276463 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study sought to assess how post-game creatine kinase (CK) levels correlate with the number of sprints and the impact of the ACTN3 polymorphism on this response. This research constituted a descriptive/observational, retrospective cross-sectional study. DNA was extracted from blood samples for ACTN3 polymorphism genotyping. CK was measured 48 h after official matches, and the number of sprints (>19 km/h) was tracked using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. The main cohort included 23 professional soccer players from the top tier of the Brazilian Championship. We analyzed 115 GPS + CK data sets. The replication cohort comprised 18 professional soccer players from the First Division of the Championship, had the same methodology applied, and featured a total of 90 GPS (sprints > 25.2 km/h) + CK data sets. For the main cohort, a significant positive correlation was seen between the number of sprints and the CK levels (p = 0.009). Athletes with the ACTN3 RR genotype had higher CK levels as more sprints were performed during the match (p = 0.017). However, the relationship was not found for X allele carriers (p > 0.05). For the replication cohort, there was a near-significant correlation between CK levels and the number of sprints (p = 0.05), and RR individuals showed a significant association (p = 0.01), whereas X allele carriers did not (p = 0.06). A greater number of sprints during matches is linked to higher CK levels, primarily among players with the ACTN3 RR genotype, which is potentially due to an increased presence of type II muscle fibers. These findings were replicated for both cohorts of elite Brazilian soccer players, emphasizing the importance of genetic factors in injury prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Y. de Almeida
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8085, Japan; (K.Y.d.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Hirofumi Zempo
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo Seiei College, Tokyo 124-8530, Japan;
| | - Mika Saito
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8085, Japan; (K.Y.d.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Tiago Cetolin
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (T.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Rita Marrero
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - Aderbal S. Aguiar
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (T.C.)
| | - Naoki Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8085, Japan; (K.Y.d.A.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li XY, Wang YL, Yang S, Liao CS, Li SF, Han PF. Correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor A gene polymorphisms and tendon and ligament injury risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:122. [PMID: 38317252 PMCID: PMC10845593 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relevant evidence suggests that angiogenic factors contribute significantly to fibril matrix reconstruction following physical injuries to tendon ligaments. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), with its potent angiogenic effect, has been studied extensively, and its functional polymorphisms, including rs699947, rs1570360, and rs2010963, have been the focus of numerous investigations. Some scholars have explored the association between gene polymorphisms in the VEGFA and the risk of tendon ligament injury, but the findings are not entirely consistent. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between rs699947, rs1570360, and rs2010963 gene polymorphisms in VEGFA and the risk of tendon and ligament injuries. METHODS After including articles about the association of VEGFA rs699947, rs1570360, and rs2010963 polymorphisms with tendon and ligament injuries according to the search strategy, we assessed their quality and conducted meta-analyses to examine the link between these polymorphisms and the risk of tendon and ligament injuries using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Of 86 related articles, six were included in the meta-analysis. Some of these suggest an association between VEGFA rs2010963 and the risk of tendon and ligament injury in the population, with the specific C allele being one of the adverse factors for knee injury. Some studies suggest that VEGFA rs699947 and VEGFA rs1570360 single-nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture. The risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament rupture is nearly doubled in individuals with the rs699947 CC genotype compared to the control group. Our analysis did not find any significant relationship between VEGFA gene polymorphisms (rs699947, rs1570360, and rs2010963) and the chance of tendon and ligament injury without consideration of race. However, the European population reveals that the CC genotype of VEGFA rs699947 can result in a greater risk of tendon and ligament injury, whereas the AG genotype for rs1570360 provides some protection. Additionally, rs2010963 was significantly associated with tendon and ligament injury; individuals with the C allele and the CC genotype had higher risk. False-positive report probability confirmed the high credibility of our results. CONCLUSION Overall, this study found no significant association between VEGFA rs699947, rs1570360, and rs2010963 polymorphisms and the risk of tendon ligament injury. However, in subgroup analysis, some genotypes of VEGFA rs699947, rs1570360, and rs2010963 were found to increase the risk of tendon ligament injury in European populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, 110 South Yan'an Road, Changzhi, 046000, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Lu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, 110 South Yan'an Road, Changzhi, 046000, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Yang
- Graduate School, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Sheng Liao
- Graduate School, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Feng Li
- Graduate School, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, 110 South Yan'an Road, Changzhi, 046000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Murtagh CF, Hall ECR, Brownlee TE, Drust B, Williams AG, Erskine RM. The Genetic Association with Athlete Status, Physical Performance, and Injury Risk in Soccer. Int J Sports Med 2023; 44:941-960. [PMID: 37253386 DOI: 10.1055/a-2103-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to critically appraise the literature concerning the genetic association with athlete status, physical performance, and injury risk in soccer. The objectives were to provide guidance on which genetic markers could potentially be used as part of future practice in soccer and to provide direction for future research in this area. The most compelling evidence identified six genetic polymorphisms to be associated with soccer athlete status (ACE I/D; ACTN3 rs1815739; AGT rs699; MCT1 rs1049434; NOS3 rs2070744; PPARA rs4253778), six with physical performance (ACTN3 rs1815739; AMPD1 rs17602729; BDNF rs6265; COL2A1 rs2070739; COL5A1 rs12722; NOS3 rs2070744), and seven with injury risk (ACTN3 rs1815739; CCL2 rs2857656; COL1A1 rs1800012; COL5A1 rs12722; EMILIN1 rs2289360; IL6 rs1800795; MMP3 rs679620). As well as replication by independent groups, large-scale genome-wide association studies are required to identify new genetic markers. Future research should also investigate the physiological mechanisms associating these polymorphisms with specific phenotypes. Further, researchers should investigate the above associations in female and non-Caucasian soccer players, as almost all published studies have recruited male participants of European ancestry. Only after robust, independently replicated genetic data have been generated, can genetic testing be considered an additional tool to potentially inform future practice in soccer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conall F Murtagh
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Sports Science Department, Liverpool Football Club and Athletic Grounds Ltd, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elliott C R Hall
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E Brownlee
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Drust
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alun G Williams
- Manchester Metropolitan Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert M Erskine
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao D, Pan JK, Lin FZ, Luo MH, Liang GH, Zeng LF, Huang HT, Han YH, Xu NJ, Yang WY, Liu J. Risk Factors for Revision or Rerupture After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:3053-3075. [PMID: 36189967 DOI: 10.1177/03635465221119787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rerupture or need for revision after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a serious complication. Preventive strategies that target the early identification of risk factors are important to reduce the incidence of additional surgery. PURPOSE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate risk factors for revision or rerupture after ACLR. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from database inception to November 2021 and updated in January 2022. Quantitative, original studies reporting potential adjusted risk factors were included. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for potential risk factors. RESULTS A total of 71 studies across 13 countries with a total sample size of 629,120 met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen factors were associated with an increase in the risk of revision or rerupture after ACLR: male sex (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.41), younger age (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.05-1.08), lower body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.06), family history (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.50-4.08), White race (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.08-1.60), higher posterolateral tibial slope (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.26), preoperative high-grade anterior knee laxity (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.46-3.64), higher baseline Marx activity level (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.13), return to a high activity level/sport (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.15-3.57), an ACLR within less than a year after injury (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.81-2.32), a concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.31-2.00), an anteromedial portal or transportal technique (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.22-1.51), hamstring tendon (HT) autografts (vs bone-patellar tendon-bone [BPTB] autografts) (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.40-1.82), allografts (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.65-4.19), and smaller graft diameter (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.05-1.38). The other factors failed to show an association with an increased risk of revision or rerupture after ACLR. CONCLUSION Male sex, younger age, lower BMI, family history, White race, higher posterolateral tibial slope, preoperative high-grade anterior knee laxity, higher baseline Marx activity level, return to a high activity level/sport, an ACLR within less than a year from injury, a concomitant MCL injury, an anteromedial portal or transportal technique, HT autografts (vs BPTB autografts), allografts, and smaller graft diameter may increase the risk of revision or rerupture after ACLR. Raising awareness and implementing effective preventions/interventions for risk factors are priorities for clinical practitioners to reduce the incidence of revision or rerupture after ACLR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ke Pan
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Zheng Lin
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hui Luo
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Hong Liang
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Feng Zeng
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - He-Tao Huang
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Han
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan-Jun Xu
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Yi Yang
- Bone and Joint Research Team of Degeneration and Injury, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu Y, Bai M, Yu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Association of LINC-PINT polymorphisms with lumbar disc herniation risk among Chinese Han population: a case control study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:585. [PMID: 37553573 PMCID: PMC10410956 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a complex spinal disease, with multiple genetic polymorphisms being related to its risk. Nevertheless, the role of LINC-PINT polymorphisms in LDH risk has remained unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between LINC-PINT polymorphisms and LDH risk. METHODS DNA was extracted from 504 LDH patients and 500 healthy controls. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LINC-PINT were selected and genotyped using Agena MassARRAY. We used logistic regression analysis to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) under multiple genetic models to evaluate the association between LINC-PINT polymorphisms and LDH risk. Haploview 4.2 and SNPStats software were used to evaluate the linkage strength of SNPs and the correlation between haplotypes and LDH risk. The impact of SNP-SNP interactions on LDH risk was analyzed using multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR). RESULTS Results showed that rs157916 (G vs. A: OR = 1.23, FDR-p = 0.029) and rs7801029 (G vs. C: OR = 1.39, FDR-p = 0.006; GG vs. CC: OR = 2.34, FDR-p = 0.038; recessive: OR = 2.13, FDR-p = 0.045; additive: OR = 1.39, FDR-p = 0.030) were associated with an increased risk of LDH. Furthermore, LINC-PINT rs157916 and rs780129 were found to be significantly associated with LDH risk in males. The "GGG" haplotype was associated with increased LDH risk (OR = 1.41, FDR-p = 0.006). MDR analysis indicated that the interaction between rs7801029 and rs16873842 was associated with an increased risk of LDH (OR = 1.47, p = 0.004). Additionally, there were significant differences in C-reactive protein levels among different genotypes of rs157916 and rs780129 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that LINC-PINT gene polymorphisms (rs157916 and rs7801029) are considered risk factors for LDH in the Chinese Han population and provide a scientific basis for early screening, prevention, and diagnosis of LDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wu
- Development of spinal surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Development of spinal surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yingnan Yu
- Development of spinal surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Development of spinal surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, Inner Mongolia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li B, Li X, Zhang L, Mou L. Correlation investigation between a single nucleotide polymorphism in ADAMTS14 (rs4747096) and osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:575. [PMID: 37550675 PMCID: PMC10405498 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence of the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ADAMTS14 (rs4747096) and osteoarthritis (OA) is controversial. This study aimed to determine whether the ADAMTS14 SNP is closely related to OA risk. METHODS An electronic search of for the association between the rs4747096 polymorphisms and OA was performed using four online databases (updated on September 10, 2022). The association between susceptibility to OA and rs4747096 polymorphism was evaluated in four genetic models: the allele (mutation [A] vs. wild type [G]), additive (AA vs. GG and AG vs. GG), recessive (AA vs. AG + GG), and dominant (AA + AG vs. GG). This meta-analysis was performed in the R software, and effects were assessed using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Four studies (707 cases in the case group and 859 cases in the control group) were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that, except in the recessive genetic model, there was a significant correlation between OA risk and the rs4747096 polymorphism using the allele (OR [95% CI] = 1.48 [1.26-1.73], P < 0.001), additive (AG vs. GG, OR [95% CI] = 2.56 [1.79-3.65], P < 0.001; AA vs. GG, OR [95% CI] = 2.81 [1.98-3.98], P < 0.001), and dominant (OR [95% CI)] = 1.72 [1.34-2.2], P < 0.001) genetic models. CONCLUSIONS The ADAMTS14 rs4747096 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baojie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Weifang, 151 Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Weifang, 151 Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Weifang, 151 Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Leming Mou
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Weifang, 151 Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kumagai H, Miller B, Kim SJ, Leelaprachakul N, Kikuchi N, Yen K, Cohen P. Novel Insights into Mitochondrial DNA: Mitochondrial Microproteins and mtDNA Variants Modulate Athletic Performance and Age-Related Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:286. [PMID: 36833212 PMCID: PMC9956216 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sports genetics research began in the late 1990s and over 200 variants have been reported as athletic performance- and sports injuries-related genetic polymorphisms. Genetic polymorphisms in the α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes are well-established for athletic performance, while collagen-, inflammation-, and estrogen-related genetic polymorphisms are reported as genetic markers for sports injuries. Although the Human Genome Project was completed in the early 2000s, recent studies have discovered previously unannotated microproteins encoded in small open reading frames. Mitochondrial microproteins (also called mitochondrial-derived peptides) are encoded in the mtDNA, and ten mitochondrial microproteins, such as humanin, MOTS-c (mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c), SHLPs 1-6 (small humanin-like peptides 1 to 6), SHMOOSE (Small Human Mitochondrial ORF Over SErine tRNA), and Gau (gene antisense ubiquitous in mtDNAs) have been identified to date. Some of those microproteins have crucial roles in human biology by regulating mitochondrial function, and those, including those to be discovered in the future, could contribute to a better understanding of human biology. This review describes a basic concept of mitochondrial microproteins and discusses recent findings about the potential roles of mitochondrial microproteins in athletic performance as well as age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kumagai
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Brendan Miller
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Naphada Leelaprachakul
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Naoki Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan
| | - Kelvin Yen
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- The Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Z, Chen L, Li Q, Zhang H, Shan Y, Qi L, Wang H, Chen Y. Association between single-nucleotide polymorphism rs145497186 related to NDUFV2 and lumbar disc degeneration: a pilot case–control study. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:473. [PMID: 36309697 PMCID: PMC9618206 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs28742109, rs12955018, rs987850, rs8093805, rs12965084 and rs145497186 related to gene named NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2 (NDUFV2) and lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) was preliminary investigated in a small sample size.
Methods A total of 46 patients with LDD and 45 controls were recruited at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, and each participant provided 5 mL peripheral venous blood. NA was extracted from the blood of each participant for further genotyping. The frequency of different genotypes in the case group and control group was determined, and analysis of the risk of LDD associated with different SNP genotypes was performed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of the patients’ degree of chronic low back pain were calculated, and the relationship between VAS scores and SNPs was analysed.
Results After excluding the influence of sex, age, height, and weight on LDD, a significant association between SNP rs145497186 related to NDUFV2 and LDD persisted (P = 0.006). Simultaneously, rs145497186 was found to be associated with chronic low back pain in LDD populations.
Conclusion NDUFV2 rs145497186 SNP could be associated with susceptibility to LDD and the degree of chronic low back pain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-022-03368-y.
Collapse
|
10
|
Mirghaderi SP, Salimi M, Kheirollahi M, Mortazavi SMJ, Akbari-Aghdam H. Anterior cruciate ligament injury and its postoperative outcomes are not associated with polymorphism in COL1A1 rs1107946 (G/T): a case-control study in the Middle East elite athletes. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:462. [PMID: 36271445 PMCID: PMC9817348 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear what role COL1A1 polymorphisms play in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury pathophysiology. The present study investigated the relationship between COL1A1-1997 guanine (G)/thymine (T) (rs1107946) polymorphism and ACL injury. Moreover, the possible effect of this polymorphism on the postoperative outcomes of ACL reconstruction surgery was evaluated. METHODS This prospective case-control study was performed on 200 young professional men with an ACL tear who underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction surgery. Moreover, 200 healthy athletes without a history of tendon or ligament injury who were matched with the case group were selected as the control group. DNA was extracted from the leukocytes of participants, and the desired allele was genotyped. Clinical outcomes were collected for the case group before and one year after surgery. RESULTS The genotype distribution was in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg principle. In the ACL injury group, the G allele frequency was non-significantly higher than the healthy controls, with an odds ratio [95% CI] of 1.08 [0.79-1.47] (P = 64). We did not find a significant difference between the genotype of individuals-GG, GT, and TT-in the case and control groups (P > 0.05). Clinical outcomes of the ACL tear group were significantly improved in terms of preoperative values. However, none of them were significantly different between the three genotypes (GG, GT, and TT). CONCLUSION According to the findings of the present investigation, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at COL1A1 rs1107946 (G/T) was not a predisposing genetic factor for ACL injury in a young professional male athlete population in the Middle East. Furthermore, patients' responses to treatment were not different between distinct genotypes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Peyman Mirghaderi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Joint Reconstruction Research Center (JRRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salimi
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XMolecular Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Kheirollahi
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XMolecular Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Akbari-Aghdam
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Sports genomics is the scientific discipline that focuses on the organization and function of the genome in elite athletes, and aims to develop molecular methods for talent identification, personalized exercise training, nutritional need and prevention of exercise-related diseases. It postulates that both genetic and environmental factors play a key role in athletic performance and related phenotypes. This update on the panel of genetic markers (DNA polymorphisms) associated with athlete status and soft-tissue injuries covers advances in research reported in recent years, including one whole genome sequencing (WGS) and four genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, as well as findings from collaborative projects and meta-analyses. At end of 2020, the total number of DNA polymorphisms associated with athlete status was 220, of which 97 markers have been found significant in at least two studies (35 endurance-related, 24 power-related, and 38 strength-related). Furthermore, 29 genetic markers have been linked to soft-tissue injuries in at least two studies. The most promising genetic markers include HFE rs1799945, MYBPC3 rs1052373, NFIA-AS2 rs1572312, PPARA rs4253778, and PPARGC1A rs8192678 for endurance; ACTN3 rs1815739, AMPD1 rs17602729, CPNE5 rs3213537, CKM rs8111989, and NOS3 rs2070744 for power; LRPPRC rs10186876, MMS22L rs9320823, PHACTR1 rs6905419, and PPARG rs1801282 for strength; and COL1A1 rs1800012, COL5A1 rs12722, COL12A1 rs970547, MMP1 rs1799750, MMP3 rs679620, and TIMP2 rs4789932 for soft-tissue injuries. It should be appreciated, however, that hundreds and even thousands of DNA polymorphisms are needed for the prediction of athletic performance and injury risk.
Collapse
|
12
|
Association of COL5A1 gene polymorphisms and musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries: a meta-analysis based on 21 observational studies. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:129. [PMID: 35241120 PMCID: PMC8895797 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Inconsistent findings existed on the correlation of collagen type V α1 (COL5A1) gene polymorphisms and musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries (MSTIs). The purpose of this study was to collect and combine the current evidences by a meta-analysis approach. Methods Six online databases were searched up to August, 2021. The methodological quality of each individual study was evaluated based upon Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). The strength of the effect size was presented by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) in five genetic models. The data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. Results Twenty-one studies were eligible to this meta-analysis. The study quality was deemed fair to excellent according to NOS. In the overall analyses, the merged data suggested that rs12722, rs71746744, and rs3196378 polymorphisms were correlated to an increased susceptibility to MSTIs. But the association was not established in rs13946 or rs11103544 polymorphism. For rs12722 polymorphism, stratified analyses by injury type and ethnicity identified the association mainly existed in ligament injury and among Caucasian population. For rs13946 polymorphism, subgroup analysis suggested the association existed in tendon and ligament injuries. Conclusion This study supports that rs12722 is associated with an elevated susceptibility to ligament injury, especially in the Caucasian population. Rs13946 polymorphism appears to increase the risk to tendon and ligament injuries. Rs71746744 and rs3196378 polymorphisms have a tendency to confer an elevated risk to MSTIs. However, no relevance is found between rs11103544 polymorphism and MSTIs.
Collapse
|
13
|
Appel M, Zentgraf K, Krüger K, Alack K. Effects of Genetic Variation on Endurance Performance, Muscle Strength, and Injury Susceptibility in Sports: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:694411. [PMID: 34366884 PMCID: PMC8334364 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of genetic variations and polymorphisms on endurance performance, muscle strength and injury susceptibility in competitive sports. The electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies. The study quality was assessed using the RoBANS tool. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) human study in English or German; (2) published in the period 2015–2019; (3) investigation of an association between genetic variants and endurance performance and/or muscle strength and/or endurance/strength training status as well as ligament, tendon, or muscle injuries; (4) participants aged 18–60 years and national or international competition participation; (5) comparison with a control group. Nineteen studies and one replication study were identified. Results revealed that the IGF-1R 275124 A>C rs1464430 polymorphism was overrepresented in endurance trained athletes. Further, genotypes of PPARGC1A polymorphism correlated with performance in endurance exercise capacity tests in athletes. Moreover, the RR genotype of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism, the C allele of IGF-1R polymorphism and the gene variant FTO T>A rs9939609 and/or their AA genotype were linked to muscle strength. In addition, gene variants of MCT1 (T1470A rs1049434) and ACVR1B (rs2854464) were also positively associated with strength athletes. Among others, the gene variants of the MMP group (rs591058 and rs679620) as well as the polymorphism COL5A1 rs13946 were associated with susceptibility to injuries of competitive athletes. Based on the identified gene variants, individualized training programs for injury prevention and optimization of athletic performance could be created for competitive athletes using gene profiling techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Appel
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karen Zentgraf
- Department of Exercise and Movement Science, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katharina Alack
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lim T, Santiago C, Pareja-Galeano H, Iturriaga T, Sosa-Pedreschi A, Fuku N, Pérez-Ruiz M, Yvert T. Genetic variations associated with non-contact muscle injuries in sport: A systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:2014-2032. [PMID: 34270833 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-contact muscle injuries (NCMI) account for a large proportion of sport injuries, affecting athletes' performance and career, team results and financial aspects. Recently, genetic factors have been attributed a role in the susceptibility of an athlete to sustain NCMI. However, data in this field are only just starting to emerge. OBJECTIVES To review available knowledge of genetic variations associated with sport-related NCMI. METHODS The databases Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published until February 2021. The records selected for review were original articles published in peer-reviewed journals describing studies that have examined NCMI-related genetic variations in adult subjects (17-60 years) practicing any sport. The data extracted from the studies identified were as follows: general information, and data on genetic polymorphisms and NCMI risk, incidence and recovery time and/or severity. RESULTS Seventeen studies examining 47 genes and 59 polymorphisms were finally included. 29 polymorphisms affecting 25 genes were found significantly associated with NCMI risk, incidence, recovery time, and/or severity. These genes pertain to three functional categories: (i) muscle fiber structural/contractile properties, (ii) muscle repair and regeneration, or (iii) muscle fiber external matrix composition and maintenance. CONCLUSION Our review confirmed the important role of genetics in NCMI. Some gene variants have practical implications such as differences of several weeks in recovery time detected between genotypes. Knowledge in this field is still in its early stages. Future studies need to examine a wider diversity of sports and standardize their methods and outcome measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tifanny Lim
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Santiago
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Helios Pareja-Galeano
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Iturriaga
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Noriyuki Fuku
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Thomas Yvert
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hill JR, Eekhoff JD, Brophy RH, Lake SP. Elastic fibers in orthopedics: Form and function in tendons and ligaments, clinical implications, and future directions. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:2305-2317. [PMID: 32293749 PMCID: PMC7572591 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fibers are an essential component of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. The focus of both clinical management and scientific investigation of elastic fiber disorders has centered on the cardiovascular manifestations due to their significant impact on morbidity and mortality. As such, the current understanding of the orthopedic conditions experienced by these patients is limited. The musculoskeletal implications of more subtle elastic fiber abnormalities, whether due to allelic variants or age-related tissue degeneration, are also not well understood. Recent advances have begun to uncover the effects of elastic fiber deficiency on tendon and ligament biomechanics; future research must further elucidate mechanisms governing the role of elastic fibers in these tissues. The identification of population-based genetic variations in elastic fibers will also be essential. Minoxidil administration, modulation of protein expression with micro-RNA molecules, and direct injection of recombinant elastic fiber precursors have demonstrated promise for therapeutic intervention, but further work is required prior to consideration for orthopedic clinical application. This review provides an overview of the role of elastic fibers in musculoskeletal tissue, summarizes current knowledge of the orthopedic manifestations of elastic fiber abnormalities, and identifies opportunities for future investigation and clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ryan Hill
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, Suite 5505, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jeremy D. Eekhoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Robert H. Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, Suite 5505, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Spencer P. Lake
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Clos E, Pruna R, Lundblad M, Artells R, Maffulli N. ACTN3's R577X Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Allele Distribution Differs Significantly in Professional Football Players according to Their Field Position. Med Princ Pract 2020; 30:92-97. [PMID: 32492691 PMCID: PMC7923889 DOI: 10.1159/000509089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Football is characterised by intermittent high-intensity efforts varying according to the field position of a player. We aimed to ascertain whether polymorphisms in the ACTN3 gene are associated with different playing positions in elite professional football players. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Genotyping of the ACTN3 gene was conducted in 43 elite professional football players of a single team. Playing position was recorded based on the player's most frequent position. RESULTS The genotype distribution was not significant between positions (p = 0.057), while the allele distribution differed significantly (p = 0.035). Goalkeepers (p = 0.04, p = 0.03), central defenders (p = 0.03, p = 0.01), and central midfielders (p = 0.01, p = 0.00) had a significantly different allele distribution compared with wide midfielders and forward players. CONCLUSIONS Genetic biomarkers may be important when analysing performance capability in elite professional football. Identifying the genetic characteristics of a player to adapt his playing position may lead to orientation of positions based on physical capabilities and tissue quality in young football players, and also to performance enhancement in those who are already playing in professional teams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enric Clos
- Girona FC Medical Services, Girona, Spain,
| | - Ricard Pruna
- FC Barcelona Medical Services, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilda Lundblad
- Sahlgrenska Academy Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Clinica Ortopedica, Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Keele University, School of Medicine, Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Hartshill, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
McAuley ABT, Hughes DC, Tsaprouni LG, Varley I, Suraci B, Roos TR, Herbert AJ, Kelly AL. Genetic association research in football: A systematic review. Eur J Sport Sci 2020; 21:714-752. [PMID: 32466725 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1776401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variation is responsible for a large amount of the inter-individual performance disparities seen in sport. As such, in the last ten years genetic association studies have become more common; with one of the most frequently researched sports being football. However, the progress and methodological rigour of genetic association research in football is yet to be evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to identify and evaluate all genetic association studies involving football players and outline where and how future research should be directed. Firstly, a systematic search was conducted in the Pubmed and SPORTDiscus databases, which identified 80 eligible studies. Progression analysis revealed that 103 distinct genes have been investigated across multiple disciplines; however, research has predominately focused on the association of the ACTN3 or ACE gene. Furthermore, 55% of the total studies have been published within the last four years; showcasing that genetic association research in football is increasing at a substantial rate. However, there are several methodological inconsistencies which hinder research implications, such as; inadequate description or omission of ethnicity and on-field positions. Furthermore, there is a limited amount of research on several key areas crucial to footballing performance, in particular; psychological related traits. Moving forward, improved research designs, larger sample sizes, and the utilisation of genome-wide and polygenic profiling approaches are recommended. Finally, we introduce the Football Gene Project, which aims to address several of these limitations and ultimately facilitate greater individualised athlete development within football.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B T McAuley
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, City South Campus, Westbourne Road, Edgbaston, B15 3TN, UK
| | - David C Hughes
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Loukia G Tsaprouni
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian Varley
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bruce Suraci
- Academy Coaching Department, AFC Bournemouth, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Thomas R Roos
- The International Academy of Sports Science and Technology (AISTS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adam J Herbert
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam L Kelly
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rodas G, Osaba L, Arteta D, Pruna R, Fernández D, Lucia A. Genomic Prediction of Tendinopathy Risk in Elite Team Sports. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2020; 15:489-495. [PMID: 31615970 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors investigated the association between risk of tendinopathies and genetic markers in professional team sports. METHODS The authors studied 363 (mean [SD]; 25 [6] y, 89% male) elite players (soccer, futsal, basketball, handball, and roller hockey) from a top-level European team (FC Barcelona, Spain). Of 363, 55% (cases) had experienced 1+ episodes of tendinopathy during 2008-2018 and 45% (controls) remained injury free. The authors first examined the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and tendinopathy risk in a hypothesis-free case-control genome-wide association study (495,837 SNPs) with additional target analysis of 58 SNPs that are potential candidates to influence tendinopathy risk based on the literature. Thereafter, the authors augmented the SNP set by performing synthetic variant imputation (1,419,369 SNPs) and then used machine learning-based multivariate modeling (support vector machine and random forest) to build a reliable predictive model. RESULTS Suggestive association (P < 10-5) was found for rs11154027 (gap junction alpha 1), rs4362400 (vesicle amine transport 1-like), and rs10263021 (contactin-associated protein-like 2). Carriage of 1+ variant alleles for rs11154027 (odds ratio = 2.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-4.19, P = 1.01 × 10-6) or rs4362400 (odds ratio = 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-3.73, P = 9.6 × 10-6) was associated with a higher risk of tendinopathy, whereas an opposite effect was found for rs10263021 (odds ratio = 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.91], P = 4.5 × 10-6). In the modeling approach, one of the most robust SNPs was rs10477683 in the fibrillin 2 gene encoding fibrillin 2, a component of connective tissue microfibrils involved in elastic fiber assembly. CONCLUSIONS The authors have identified previously undescribed genetic predictors of tendinopathy in elite team sports athletes, notably rs11154027, rs4362400, and rs10263021.
Collapse
|
19
|
ACTN3 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with non-contact musculoskeletal soft-tissue injury incidence in elite professional football players. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:4055-4061. [PMID: 30721342 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05381-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Muscle injuries are common in professional football, even though prevention protocols are being implemented. Genetics constitutes a novel field for studying intrinsic injury risks and performance. Since previous studies involving single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have shown that SNPs influence muscle injury rate, injury severity and recovery time, the aim was to study the association the SNP of ACTN3 has with those parameters in professional football players. METHODS The medical staff team recorded non-contact musculoskeletal soft-tissue injuries in 43 professional football players in 7 different seasons (2007-2012 and 2015-2016). Injury rate, injury severity and injury recovery times were established. Players were genotyped by extracting DNA from a blood sample and using a polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Injury rate was associated with the SNP of ACTN3 (p = 0.003). The 577R allele was more frequent in subjects than in a normal population by showing presence in 93% of the subjects and suggesting that it could influence football performance. No statistically significant differences in injury severity and recovery time were associated with the SNP of ACTN3. CONCLUSIONS Genetics is gaining in importance when assessing injury risk and performance in professional football. ACTN3 can be regarded as a biomarker of injury susceptibility in this discipline. Identifying those players with the highest injury susceptibility through genetics could lead football teams to individualise workloads and prevention protocols. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
Collapse
|
20
|
Navarro RA, Prentice HA, Inacio MCS, Wyatt R, Maletis GB. The Association Between Race/Ethnicity and Revision Following ACL Reconstruction in a Universally Insured Cohort. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2019; 101:1546-1553. [PMID: 31483397 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.18.01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few large studies involving multiethnic cohorts of patients treated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and therefore, little is known about the role that race/ethnicity may play in the differential risk of undergoing revision surgery following primary ACLR. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether differences exist by race/ethnicity in the risk of undergoing the elective procedure of aseptic revision in a universally insured cohort of patients who had undergone ACLR. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study conducted using our integrated health-care system's ACLR registry and including primary ACLRs from 2008 to 2015. Race/ethnicity was categorized into the following 4 groups: non-Hispanic white, black, Hispanic, and Asian. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazard models were used to evaluate the association between race/ethnicity and revision risk while adjusting for age, sex, highest educational attainment, annual household income, graft type, and geographic region in which the ACLR was performed. RESULTS Of the 27,258 included patients,13,567 (49.8%) were white, 7,713 (28.3%) were Hispanic, 3,725 (13.7%) were Asian, and 2,253 (8.3%) were black. Asian patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57 to 0.90) and Hispanic patients (HR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.98) had a lower risk of undergoing revision surgery than did white patients. Within the first 3.5 years postoperatively, we did not observe a difference in revision risk when black patients were compared with white patients (HR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.64 to 1.14); after 3.5 years postoperatively, black patients had a lower risk of undergoing revision (HR = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.63). CONCLUSIONS In a large, universally insured ACLR cohort with equal access to care, we observed Asian, Hispanic, and black patients to have a similar or lower risk of undergoing elective revision compared with white patients. These findings emphasize the need for additional investigation into barriers to equal access to care. Because of the sensitivity and complexity of race/ethnicity with surgical outcomes, continued assessment into the reasons for the differences observed, as well as any differences in other clinical outcomes, is warranted. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Navarro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Harbor City, California
| | - Heather A Prentice
- Surgical Outcomes and Analysis, Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, California
| | - Maria C S Inacio
- Division of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ronald Wyatt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Permanente Medical Group, Walnut Creek, California
| | - Gregory B Maletis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Baldwin Park, California
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kumagai H, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Hirata K, Kikuchi N, Kamiya N, Hoshikawa S, Zempo H, Naito H, Miyamoto N, Fuku N. ESR1 rs2234693 Polymorphism Is Associated with Muscle Injury and Muscle Stiffness. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:19-26. [PMID: 30113520 PMCID: PMC6310456 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Purpose Muscle injury is the most common sports injury. Muscle stiffness, a risk factor for muscle injury, is lower in females than in males, implying that sex-related genetic polymorphisms influence muscle injury associated with muscle stiffness. The present study aimed to clarify the associations between two genetic polymorphisms (rs2234693 and rs9340799) in the estrogen receptor 1 gene (ESR1) and muscle injury or muscle stiffness. Methods In study 1, a questionnaire was used to assess the muscle injury history of 1311 Japanese top-level athletes. In study 2, stiffness of the hamstring muscles was assessed using ultrasound shear wave elastography in 261 physically active young adults. In both studies, rs2234693 C/T and rs9340799 G/A polymorphisms in the ESR1 were analyzed using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay. Results In study 1, genotype frequencies for ESR1 rs2234693 C/T were significantly different between the injured and noninjured groups in a C-allele dominant (CC + CT vs TT: odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.91) and additive (CC vs CT vs TT: odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–0.91) model in all athletes. In study 2, hamstring muscle stiffness was lower in subjects with the CC + CT genotype than in those with the TT genotype; a significant linear trend (CC < CT < TT) was found (r = 0.135, P = 0.029). In contrast, no associations were observed between ESR1 rs9340799 G/A and muscle injury or stiffness. Conclusions Our results suggest that the ESR1 rs2234693 C allele, in contrast to the T allele, provides protection against muscle injury by lowering muscle stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kumagai
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, JAPAN.,Research Fellow of Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Eri Miyamoto-Mikami
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, JAPAN.,Department of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, JAPAN
| | - Kosuke Hirata
- Department of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, JAPAN
| | - Naoki Kikuchi
- Department of Training Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Nobuhiro Kamiya
- Faculty of Budo and Sport Studies, Tenri University, Nara, JAPAN
| | - Seigo Hoshikawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, JAPAN.,Edogawa University, Chiba, JAPAN
| | - Hirofumi Zempo
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo Seiei College, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, JAPAN
| | - Naokazu Miyamoto
- Department of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, JAPAN
| | - Noriyuki Fuku
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, JAPAN
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pickering C, Kiely J. Hamstring injury prevention: A role for genetic information? Med Hypotheses 2018; 119:58-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
23
|
Editorial Commentary: Paving a Road Requires a Well-Mixed Cement Stem Cells, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Shoulder Rotator Cuff Healing. Arthroscopy 2018; 34:882-883. [PMID: 29502704 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The process of healing in musculoskeletal tissues is complex, and the addition of devices, including platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells, to biologically enhance it may favor its optimization. This work shows in a compelling fashion that it is possible to produce the right admixture of physical and biological factors to make it happen in rotator cuff repair.
Collapse
|
24
|
LARRUSKAIN JON, CELORRIO DAVID, BARRIO IRANTZU, ODRIOZOLA ADRIAN, GIL SUSANAM, FERNANDEZ-LOPEZ JUANR, NOZAL RAUL, ORTUZAR ISUSKO, LEKUE JOSEA, AZNAR JOSEM. Genetic Variants and Hamstring Injury in Soccer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50:361-368. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
25
|
Ernlund L, Vieira LDA. Hamstring injuries: update article. Rev Bras Ortop 2017; 52:373-382. [PMID: 28884093 PMCID: PMC5582808 DOI: 10.1016/j.rboe.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hamstring (HS) muscle injuries are the most common injury in sports. They are correlated to long rehabilitations and have a great tendency to recur. The HS consist of the long head of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. The patient's clinical presentation depends on the characteristics of the lesion, which may vary from strain to avulsions of the proximal insertion. The most recognized risk factor is a previous injury. Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice for the injury diagnosis and classification. Many classification systems have been proposed; the current classifications aim to describe the injury and correlate it to the prognosis. The treatment is conservative, with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the acute phase followed by a muscle rehabilitation program. Proximal avulsions have shown better results with surgical repair. When the patient is pain free, shows recovery of strength and muscle flexibility, and can perform the sport's movements, he/she is able to return to play. Prevention programs based on eccentric strengthening of the muscles have been indicated both to prevent the initial injury as well as preventing recurrence.
Collapse
|
26
|
|