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Yamaoka H, Kato K, Otoshi K, Kaneko Y, Tominaga R, Kaga T, Igari T, Sato R, Konno SI. Impact of low back pain experience on future occurrence of shoulder pain in adolescent baseball players: A 1-year prospective cohort study. J Orthop Sci 2024; 29:897-902. [PMID: 37002057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain can affect musculoskeletal problems of the upper limb in adolescent overhead athletes. However, few epidemiological studies have examined this causal relationship. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between baseline low back pain experience and the occurrence of future shoulder and elbow pain among high school baseball players. METHODS Participants comprised 383 high school baseball players from 43 high school baseball teams who had undergone baseline medical evaluations (a self-completed questionnaire and physical examination). The occurrence of shoulder and elbow pain during a 1-year follow-up and associations with baseline low back pain (positive subjective symptom during the last year at baseline) adjusted for flexibility of the scapulo-thoracic region, shoulder, and lower extremities, such as straight-leg raise angle (hamstring tightness), Thomas test (iliopsoas tightness), heel-buttock-distance (quadriceps tightness) and passive range of motion of the hip were investigated using multivariable analysis. RESULTS A total of 307 players (80.2%) participated in the 1-year follow-up survey, with shoulder and elbow pain reported in 75 players (24.4%) and 119 players (38.8%), respectively, during follow-up. After adjusting for factors associated with shoulder pain using logistic regression modeling, significant associations between LBP experienced during the last year at baseline (odds ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-3.87; P = 0.0078) and new-onset of shoulder pain were noted. CONCLUSIONS Baseline low back pain impacted future shoulder pain in high school baseball players during the 1-year follow-up. Management of shoulder pain warrants careful attention to low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Yamaoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kinshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Sports Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Koriyama City, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Otoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Sports Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Koriyama City, Japan
| | - Yota Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryoji Tominaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Sports Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Koriyama City, Japan
| | - Takahiro Igari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryohei Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Konno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Arashiro VK, Aguilar KC, Xu T, Rabelo NDDA, Netto ADS, Cury RDPL. Epidemiology of Knee Injuries in Baseball Players from the State of São Paulo. Rev Bras Ortop 2024; 59:e199-e205. [PMID: 38606125 PMCID: PMC11006523 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to identify the main knee complaints and injuries associated with baseball and their prevalence in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods This epidemiological study analyzed data from an online questionnaire sent to baseball athletes from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, from 2019 to 2022. Results Ninety-eight athletes participated in the study. Their average age was 24.3 years, and 85.72% of the subjects were men. The most prevalent ethnicities were yellow (50%) and white (42.86%). Most athletes had incomplete or complete higher education (75.5%). Most (88.77%) have been training for over 1 year, and 40.82% played in more than 1 position. More than half also practiced another sport. Most (66.32%) athletes present knee complaints or symptoms, and 37.75% had suffered a knee injury playing baseball, with several mechanisms (contact with the ground, contact with another player, or no contact). More than half (59.45%) of the athletes required time away from baseball due to complaints, symptoms, or injuries. Conclusion Among the athletes interviewed, 66.32% had a knee complaint, and 37.75% had already had a knee injury, especially meniscal and ligament injuries. The injury rate was highest in the first year of practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kenzo Arashiro
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Karin Coca Aguilar
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Tian Xu
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Nayra Deise dos Anjos Rabelo
- Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Análise do Movimento (NAPAM), Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Alfredo dos Santos Netto
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ricardo de Paula Leite Cury
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Liu K, Ji L, Lu Y. Influence of Amputation on Kinetic Chain Musculature Activity During Basic and Modified Core Exercises. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38508161 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Core strength is vital for athletic performance, and many more exercises that involve the kinetic chain have been designed for able-bodied athletes. Disabilities that impair the kinetic chain can reduce the effectiveness of strength training. However, the impact of amputation on core strength training of people with disabilities and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the muscle activation patterns and levels in athletes with amputation during 4 basic and modified weight-bearing core strength-training exercises. METHODS Fifteen elite athletes with unilateral amputation (170.6 [7.3] cm; 63.9 [11.9] kg; 25.9 [5.3] y) volunteered for this study. Surface electromyography was used to measure the muscle activity mainly in the lumbopelvic-hip complex-stabilizing muscles during 4 kinetic chain trunk exercises with and without modifications. RESULTS The significance level was set at α = .05. The results showed a significant difference in muscle activation between different body sides (P < .05). Specifically, amputation on the support position resulted in a diagonal pattern of muscle activation, and amputation on the free distal segments resulted in a unilateral dominant pattern with higher activation in muscles on the nonamputated side (P < .05). Modifications led to significant decreases in muscle activation asymmetry index (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Amputation caused muscle activation asymmetry and 2 activation patterns. Modifications by enhancing proximal stability and adjusting distal loading effectively reduced the asymmetry of muscle activation. Coaches and clinicians can use these results to tailor exercises for athletes with disabilities in training and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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4
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Sciascia AD. Rehabilitation of the painful elbow. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2024; 33:466-473. [PMID: 37648014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Although lateral elbow pain and medial ulnar collateral ligament injury are common musculoskeletal pathologies in overhead athletes, the evidence supporting specific interventions for managing these conditions is scarce. Management of these conditions has been guided mostly by expert opinion rather than empirical evidence, yet the lack of comparative data in the literature has not negatively affected return-to-play rates following surgery. However, an understanding of what is known regarding unimodal and multimodal treatments for lateral elbow pain and medial ulnar collateral ligament injury is needed for clinicians to select evidence-based treatment pathways and highlight what is not known to develop future high-quality investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Sciascia
- Institute for Clinical Outcomes and Research, Lexington Clinic, Lexington, KY, USA.
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5
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Ha D, Nagai S, Noh B, Mukai N, Miyakawa S, Takemura M. Injury Prevalence among Young Elite Baseball Players. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:134. [PMID: 37505621 PMCID: PMC10383147 DOI: 10.3390/sports11070134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the injury profiles of young Korean baseball players according to position and age as the proportion and distribution of injuries based on playing position and age remains unclear. A total of 271 elite youth baseball players aged 8 to 16 years were divided into two groups: elementary school (ES) (n = 135) and middle school (MS) (n = 136). The participants' basic, baseball practice, and injury information were collected. Injuries in the MS group were not limited to the elbow and shoulder, and injury prevalence varied by age group and baseball position. The most injured body region in the ES group was the elbow joint, regardless of the position. In contrast, the most injured body region in the MS group was the lower back, except for infielders whose elbows were the most injured. Additionally, the MS group was more likely to experience injuries to the lower back (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 2.47-7.40), shoulder (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.08-3.43; p = 0.024), and knee (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.17-3.94; p = 0.012). Our findings indicate that excessive practice and a lack of rest during MS (growth spurt period) can significantly increase the risk of lower back problems in young baseball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeho Ha
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, 6-8-33 Manabe, Tsuchiura 300-0051, Japan
| | - Byungjoo Noh
- Department of Kinesiology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Naoki Mukai
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Miyakawa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takemura
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Kindstrand NA, McNeill BT, Dickenson SB, Magnusson N, Sum JC. Proposed Musculoskeletal Examination of Youth and Adolescent Baseball Players. Curr Sports Med Rep 2022; 21:376-382. [DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Wall J, Meehan WP, Trompeter K, Gissane C, Mockler D, van Dyk N, Wilson F. Incidence, prevalence and risk factors for low back pain in adolescent athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2022; 56:1299-1306. [PMID: 36150752 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence, prevalence, risk factors and morphological presentations of low back pain (LBP) in adolescent athletes. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies evaluating the incidence and/or prevalence of LBP in adolescent athletes across all sports. RESULTS There were 80 studies included. The pooled incidence estimate of LBP in adolescent athletes was 11% (95% CI 8% to 13%, I2=0%) for 2 years, 36.0% (95% CI 4% to 68%, I2=99.3%) for 12 months and 14% (95% CI 7% to 22%, I2=76%) for 6 months incidence estimates. The pooled prevalence estimate of LBP in adolescent athletes was 42% (95% CI 29% to 55%, I2=96.6%) for last 12 months, 46% (95% CI 41.0% to 52%, I2=56%) for last 3 months and 16% (95% CI 9% to 23%, I2=98.3%) for point prevalence. Potential risk factors were sport participation, sport volume/intensity, concurrent lower extremity pain, overweight/high body mass index, older adolescent age, female sex and family history of LBP. The most common morphology reported was spondylolysis. Methodological quality was deemed high in 73% of cross-sectional studies and in 30% of cohort studies. Common reasons for downgrading at quality assessment were use of non-validated survey instruments and imprecision or absence of LBP definition. SUMMARY/CONCLUSION LBP is common among adolescent athletes, although incidence and prevalence vary considerably due to differences in study methodology, definitions of LBP and data collection. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020157206.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wall
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William P Meehan
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharina Trompeter
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum, Bochum, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.,Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Conor Gissane
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Mockler
- John Stearne Medical Library, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicol van Dyk
- High Performance Unit, Irish Rugby Football Union, Dublin, Ireland.,Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Fiona Wilson
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Kato K, Otoshi K, Tominaga R, Kaga T, Igari T, Sato R, Kurita N, Konno SI. Association Between Musculoskeletal Pain and Psychological Stress Responses in High School Baseball Players: A Cross-sectional Study. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:23259671211054422. [PMID: 34805423 PMCID: PMC8597074 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211054422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal pain could represent a psychological stressor in adolescent athletes. However, few epidemiological studies have investigated this association. Purpose: To assess the relationship between musculoskeletal pain (shoulder, elbow, wrist, and low back) and psychological stress responses in high school baseball players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Participants comprised male Japanese high school baseball players who had completed a questionnaire as part of their annual medical evaluation in 2016. Experiences of shoulder, elbow, wrist, and low back pain during the previous season were investigated. Pain severity was graded as 1 (mild, playing without interference), 2 (moderate, playing with interference), or 3 (severe, could not play because of pain). The Stress Response Scale–18 was used to measure stress response: low, medium, rather high, and high. Prevalence rates of shoulder, elbow, wrist, and low back pain and their association with psychological stress responses were investigated using univariate and multivariable analyses. Results: A total of 944 players (223 pitchers and 721 fielders) were included in this study. Their mean age was 16.1 ± 0.6 years, and 66% were high school juniors, while 33.6% were seniors. In pitchers, the prevalence rates during the previous year of severe (grade 3) interference with playing because of elbow, shoulder, wrist, and low back pain were 21.5% (n = 48), 19.3% (n = 43), 3.6% (n = 8), and 18.4% (n = 41), respectively, whereas in fielders, the respective prevalence rates were 17.1% (n = 123), 17.9% (n = 129), 6.7% (n = 48), and 19.3% (n = 139). After adjusting for confounding factors (playing on a top-performing team, high school grade level, and all other sites of musculoskeletal pain), the authors found significant associations in pitchers between severe experiences of elbow pain and low back pain and medium to high psychological stress responses (odds ratio, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.32-5.39], P = .006 and odds ratio, 2.32 [95% CI, 1.12-4.89], P = .024, respectively). No significant associations were seen between musculoskeletal pain and psychological stress responses in fielders. Conclusion: In the current study, elbow and low back pain were associated with stronger psychological stress responses compared with other musculoskeletal pain in high school baseball pitchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenichi Otoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Sports Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Koriyama City, Japan
| | - Ryoji Tominaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Sports Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Koriyama City, Japan
| | - Takahiro Igari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryohei Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kurita
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Innovative Research and Education for Clinicians and Trainees (DiRECT), Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.,Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CiRC2LE), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Konno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Liu Z. THE IMPROVEMENT OF PCA ALGORITHM AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE PREDICTION OF ELBOW KNEE JOINT INJURY. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202127042021_0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: There were many constraints produced by training time and joint injury to analyze the influence of the training intensity on the elbow and knee joints of athletes during the training process. Methods: An improved algorithm-based master component analysis (PCA) modeling method is proposed .1 4 4 athletes were selected in xxx and compared in three groups. Results: The improved PCA models for injury prediction were applied to athletes from group A, the traditional injury models for prediction were adopted for athletes from group B, and athletes from group C received the hospital physical examinations. The results showed that the accuracy of elbow injury in group A due to excessive exercise was 66.86%, the accuracy of hospital physical examination in group C was 67%, and the accuracy of the traditional algorithm in group B was 50%, finding that the accuracy of group A was obviously different from group B (P < 0.05). Compared with other injuries caused by excessive friction, the detection accuracy of knee injuries caused by excessive friction in group A was 62%, that in group B was 44%, and that in group C was 63%. There was a statistically marked difference between groups A and B (P < 0.05). Conclusions: A PCA - based model of athletes’ overtraining injury has high accuracy and adaptability, predicting elbow injury. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Capital University of Economics and Business, China
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10
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Hanan A, Asad U, Asghar N, Ashfaq S, Naseem Z, Zafar I, Jahan S, Safdar G, Shams H, Kiyani MM. Effect of core muscle strengthening on throwing velocity in cricket players in Pakistan: a 6-week randomized controlled trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:1147-1152. [PMID: 34256536 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During fielding throwing ball with more velocity and accuracy towards the stump to reduce score and produce an out of the opponent team. Core is the power house of the body. Core training improves the strength of trunk muscles and allows the players to kick, throw, pull, and push with greater force. AIM This study was conducted to determine the effects of core muscle strengthening on throwing velocity in cricket players that whether core muscle strengthening would help the cricket players to improve their throwing velocity and core endurance. METHODS A 6 weeks randomized controlled trial in which Ninety-eight male cricket players participated and divided into strength training (interventional) and non-strength training (control group). Interventional group followed general core strengthening exercise protocol for six weeks for 3 days a week. Assessment of the players include core assessment test (back extension, supine forward flexion test, prone bridge test). Time and throwing velocity was noted by stop watch and radar gun in km/hr respectively at baseline and after 6 weeks of core training. Control group did not follow any exercise program but continued their usual cricket training. RESULTS Mean age of interventional group was 20.4±4.9 years and control group was 21.6±3.4 years. The mean BMI of interventional and control group was 22.4±2.7 kg/m2 and 21.8±2.1 kg/m2, respectively. Comparing both groups, in between group analysis stregnth training group results showed statistically highly significant increase p<0.001 in compoments 'throwing velocity, back extension, supine flesion , right plank lateral, left lateral planl and isometric prone plank' than non strengthing group. In within group analysis, strength group had improved as compared to the control group which showed no improvement. CONCLUSIONS There is significant increase in throwing velocity and core endurance with six weeks general core stregthening in male cricket players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hanan
- University Institute of Physical Therapy, University of Lahore, Chenab Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Usman Asad
- University Institute of Physical Therapy, University of Lahore, Chenab Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Asghar
- University Institute of Physical Therapy, University of Lahore, Chenab Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ashfaq
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zobia Naseem
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ibraheem Zafar
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e- Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saira Jahan
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghalia Safdar
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e- Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Shams
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mubin M Kiyani
- Shifa College of Medical Technology, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan -
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11
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Nakase K, Shitara H, Tajika T, Kuboi T, Ichinose T, Sasaki T, Hamano N, Endo F, Kamiyama M, Miyamoto R, Yamamoto A, Kobayashi T, Takagishi K, Chikuda H. The Relationship Between Dynamic Balance Ability and Shoulder Pain in High School Baseball Pitchers. Sports Health 2021; 14:397-403. [PMID: 34100673 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211019682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dynamic balance is essential for pitching motion because pitching kinematics requires whole body coordination. The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and the Y balance test (YBT) evaluate dynamic balance quantitatively. There are some reports that investigated the relationship between SEBT/YBT and pain in upper and lower extremities, but there is no study among high school baseball pitchers. HYPOTHESIS Dynamic balance deficiency is associated with shoulder pain among high school baseball pitchers. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS A total of 259 male high school pitchers who participated in the preseason medical checkups were included in the study. YBT was used to measure their dynamic balance. The participants completed a questionnaire which asked if they were currently experiencing shoulder pain. RESULTS Twenty-two pitchers had shoulder pain during the preseason medical checkups. In the YBT, the posterolateral balance while standing with the axis leg as well as the posteromedial and posterolateral balance while standing with the step leg were significantly lower in the pain group than in the nonpain group (P = 0.05, 0.04, and 0.001, respectively). A logistic regression analysis showed that posterolateral balance when standing with the step leg was an independent risk factor for current shoulder pain (P = 0.04, odds ratio 0.942, 95% CI 0.892-0.996). CONCLUSION The dynamic balance of high school baseball pitchers with shoulder pain was lower than that of participants without shoulder pain. In particular, posterolateral direction with the step leg standing was significantly related to shoulder pain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Among high school baseball pitchers, decreased dynamic balance was related to current shoulder pain. YBT maybe recommended in preseason medical checkups for high school baseball pitchers.
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12
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Nakase K, Shitara H, Tajika T, Kuboi T, Ichinose T, Sasaki T, Hamano N, Endo F, Kamiyama M, Miyamoto R, Yamamoto A, Kobayashi T, Takagishi K, Chikuda H. An analysis of pre-season risk factors for low back injury in high-school baseball pitchers: a prospective study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11415. [PMID: 34075129 PMCID: PMC8169826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pitching motion requires whole-body coordination; therefore, poor control of the lower extremities, pelvis and trunk may cause shoulder and elbow injuries. However, few studies have described the relationship between the shoulder joint function and low back injury in high-school baseball pitchers. A total of 128 healthy high school pitchers underwent pre-season medical checkups, where their shoulder range of motion and shoulder strength were measured. The participants completed a self-recorded daily questionnaire regarding the presence of low back pain. Pitchers were divided into injured and non-injured groups. Low back injury was observed in 13 participants (13.4%). In the injured group, horizontal adduction on the dominant shoulder was significantly less than in the non-injured group. A logistic regression analysis showed that horizontal adduction on the dominant side was a significant independent risk factor for low back injury during the season. It is important to recognize that restriction of the shoulder function not only causes shoulder and elbow injuries but can also risk low back injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurumi Nakase
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shitara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Tajika
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takuro Kuboi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ichinose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Noritaka Hamano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Endo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Masataka Kamiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Takagishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Chikuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
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13
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Zhang C, Li Y, Zhong Y, Feng C, Zhang Z, Wang C. Effectiveness of motor control exercise on non-specific chronic low back pain, disability and core muscle morphological characteristics: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2021; 57:793-806. [PMID: 33960180 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.21.06555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic low back pain (CLBP) has been recognized as the leading cause of disability. Up to 90% of patients with CLBP are classified as having non-specific CLBP (NSCLBP). Motor control exercise (MCE) is one of the most popular and widespread treatment options, and has many advantages in alleviating pain and disability. This meta-analysis is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of MCE on NSCLBP, disability, and core muscles reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched from inception to August 2020. Articles were eligible if they were RCTs that evaluated MCE against sham or other treatments in isolation and measured outcomes including pain intensity and disability or core muscles morphologic characteristics. RESULTS Two authors independently extracted the data. Eighteen studies of 897 studies with a total of 1333 individuals with NSCLBP were retained for the meta-analysis. Compared with other conservative treatments, MCE was better in reducing pain and disability posttreatment and was better in reducing pain at the 6-month follow-up period. However, it had comparable effects on pain reduction at 12-month and 24-month follow-up period, and on disability at the 6-month, 12-month and 24-month follow-up period. MCE resulted in comparable effects to other treatments in improving the core muscle thickness posttreatment. However, other important outcomes, such as the function, strength and endurance of core muscles, which could hamper a comprehensive understanding of the effects of MCE on NSCLBP. LIMITATIONS Publication bias was not assessed in several comparisons due to the scarcity of data in published literature. This might downgrade the strength of the evidence. The protocol of this meta-analysis was reviewed by an expert committee, but was not registered in a public trial registry. CONCLUSIONS Low to very low quality of evidence supported that MCE resulted in a greater reduction of pain and disability posttreatment, and a greater reduction of pain at the 6-month follow-up than other treatments for NSCBLP. The findings in this review further support that MCE may be more effective than other treatments at short-term followups, and at least has equivalent long-term effects to other forms of treatments in NSCLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuelong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Feng
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun -Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuhuai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China -
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14
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Zhou X, Imai K, Liu XX, Watanabe E. Epidemiology and pain in elementary school-aged players: a survey of Japanese badminton players participating in the national tournament. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6459. [PMID: 33742024 PMCID: PMC7979692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85937-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is common in athletes which should be well managed. To identify risk factors for shoulder pain, and the association between shoulder pain, lower back pain and knee pain among elementary school-aged badminton players, we conducted a cross-sectional study to collect data of the past year among 611 elementary school age (7-12 years old) badminton players belonging to the Japan Schoolchildren Badminton Federation using a questionnaire. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The overall incidence rate of shoulder injuries, lower back injuries and knee injuries was 0.38 injuries per 1000 h of badminton training. Players with training time per day > 2.5 h were 2.64 times (95% CI 1.03-6.78, p = 0.043) more likely to sustain shoulder pain than those with training time per day ≤ 2.5 h. A significant association was revealed between shoulder pain and knee pain as well as between lower back pain and knee pain as training hours per day > 2.5 h. Moreover, lower back pain was significantly associated with shoulder pain independent of training hours per day (≤ 2.5 h: p = 0.001; > 2.5 h: p < 0.001). These findings indicate that training time per day is risk factor, and shoulder pain, lower back pain and knee pain were associated with each other in elementary school-aged badminton players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Imai
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Xiao-Xuan Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Eiji Watanabe
- Institute of Sport, Senshu University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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15
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Ankle dorsiflexion deficit in the back leg is a risk factor for shoulder and elbow injuries in young baseball players. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5500. [PMID: 33750882 PMCID: PMC7943763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between ankle joint function and throwing-related injuries has not been demonstrated. We hypothesized that limited ankle joint range of motion (ROM) was related to risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries in young baseball players. This 12-month prospective cohort study evaluated the age, height, weight, playing position, shoulder, elbow, and ankle function of 228 enrolled baseball players. Shoulder and elbow injuries were tracked during the season. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries among participants divided into non-injured and injured groups. Univariate analysis showed that age, height, weight, ROM of elbow flexion in the dominant arm, muscle strength ratio of shoulder abduction, and the likelihood of being a pitcher or a catcher were significantly greater in the injured group than in the non-injured group. ROM of shoulder abduction-external/internal rotation, shoulder total arc on the dominant arm, ankle joint dorsiflexion, and plantar flexion on the back (non-lead) and front (lead) legs were significantly less in the injured group than in the non-injured group. In conclusion, ROM dorsiflexion deficits in the back leg, shoulder abduction-external rotation in the dominant arm, ROM increase in elbow flexion on the dominant side, older age, and being a pitcher were significant independent risk factors for injury.
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16
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Deal MJ, Richey BP, Pumilia CA, Zeini IM, Wolf C, Furman T, Osbahr DC. Regional Interdependence and the Role of the Lower Body in Elbow Injury in Baseball Players: A Systematic Review. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48:3652-3660. [PMID: 32298147 DOI: 10.1177/0363546520910138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elbow injuries are exceedingly common in baseball players. Previous studies have identified that upper extremity strength and range of motion deficits pose a risk for these injuries, but few studies have examined the effect of lower extremity deficits. Given the role of the lower extremity in the kinetic chain of the baseball throwing motion, lower body deficits may affect the kinematics of the upper extremity and play a role in the elbow injury of baseball players. PURPOSE To systematically review the current literature investigating the association of trunk and lower extremity deficits with elbow pain or injury in baseball players. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Meta-Analyses) guidelines to identify and analyze all previous studies focused on the association of elbow pain and/or injury with functional deficits of the trunk and lower extremities. RESULTS A total of 14 studies met inclusion criteria, examining a range of baseball players extending from youth to professional athletes. One of the 14 studies examined other types of overhead throwing athletes alongside baseball players. Lower extremity-related risk factors for elbow pain and injury in these athletes were found and stratified per level of play. Factors included specific hip range of motion, lower extremity injury or pain, balance, and foot arch posture. Associations were also found with lower extremity injury and noncompliance with primary prevention programs. CONCLUSION Specific lower extremity deficits were found to be independent risk factors for elbow pain and injury in throwing athletes at certain levels of play. Additionally, prevention programs designed to correct deficits in identified risk factors were effective in reducing the incidence of elbow injury in youth athletes. These results highlight the potential of screening and subsequent intervention to reduce the incidence of elbow injury in certain subsets of baseball players.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bradley P Richey
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | - Todd Furman
- Orlando Health Rehabilitation Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
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17
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Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Yano T, Onoki T, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. High prevalence of low back pain among young basketball players with lower extremity pain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2020; 12:40. [PMID: 32655870 PMCID: PMC7339456 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-020-00189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem among young basketball players in addition to lower extremity injuries. However, studies that focus on LBP with lower extremity pain are limited. From the perspective of the kinematic chain, disrupted lower extremity function can lead to LBP. The association between these two symptoms in basketball players, however, has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the association between lower extremity pain and LBP among young basketball players. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on school-aged basketball players (n = 592). Information regarding their sporting activities was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Musculoskeletal pain such as low back, knee, and ankle pain was assessed. The sports players with knee and/or ankle pain were defined as having lower extremity pain. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between lower extremity pain and LBP. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The associations of knee or ankle pain with LBP were similarly assessed. Results School-aged basketball players had a point prevalence of 12.8% for LBP. Compared with the players without lower extremity pain, the players with lower extremity pain had higher rates of LBP, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 6.21 (3.57-10.80). There was also a significant association of knee and ankle pain with LBP. Compared with the players without knee or ankle pain, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) for LBP were 4.25 (2.55-7.07) in the players with knee pain and 3.79 (2.26-6.36) in the players with ankle pain. Conclusions Lower extremity pain was associated with LBP among school-aged basketball players. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of this association, which will provide useful information for prevention and treatment of LBP among young basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan.,Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522 Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yasuhito Sogi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Takahiro Onoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan.,Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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18
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Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Yano T, Onoki T, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. Association between lower back pain and lower extremity pain among young volleyball players: A cross-sectional study. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 43:65-69. [PMID: 32092669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower back pain (LBP), as well as lower extremity injuries, are major problems among young volleyball players. Nevertheless, only few studies have focused on the relationship between lower extremity injuries and LBP. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between LBP and lower extremity pain, including knee and ankle pain, among young volleyball players. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Amateur sports association. PARTICIPANTS Elementary and middle school-aged athletes (6-15 years of age). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES LBP and lower extremity pain. RESULTS A total of 566 young volleyball players participated in this study. The point prevalence of LBP among young volleyball players was 9.5%. Using absence of lower extremity pain as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for LBP was 11.07 (5.64-21.71) in the presence of lower extremity pain. CONCLUSIONS LBP is associated with Lower extremity pain among young volleyball players. Careful attention should be paid to lower extremity complaints to prevent and treat LBP among young volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan; Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Sogi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takahiro Onoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan; Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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19
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Matsuura T, Chosa E, Tajika T, Masatomi T, Arimitsu S, Yamamoto A, Nagasawa M, Arisawa K, Takagishi K. Correlation between playing position, elbow physical findings and elbow pain in elementary school baseball players: Results of a multi-regional study in Japan. J Orthop Sci 2020; 25:122-126. [PMID: 30922534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elbow injuries are common in young baseball players and evaluating the characteristics of young baseball players in a large-scale population is necessary. However, few studies have compared playing position, length of baseball experience, physical findings, and elbow pain in young baseball players. This retrospective multi-regional cohort study sought to document the physical findings at the elbow in Japanese elementary school baseball players and to examine the relationship between playing position, length of baseball experience, physical findings at the elbow, and elbow pain. METHODS In 2014, 720 fifth-grade baseball players from four regions in Japan were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey and undergo physical examination to obtain data on position played, length of baseball experience, presence of elbow pain, and physical findings at the elbow, including range of motion, tenderness, and valgus stress test results. Potential risk factors associated with elbow pain and correlations between physical findings and playing position, length of baseball experience, and elbow pain were investigated. RESULTS The 720 subjects had a mean age of 10.4 years and 29.4% reported having experienced elbow pain for ≥1 week. Risk factors for elbow pain included playing pitcher and catcher, playing pitcher and fielder, and length of baseball experience. The most frequent finding was limitation of flexion (21.1%) followed by tenderness of the medial epicondyle (18.3%) and a positive valgus stress test (14.3%). These three findings were also significantly associated with elbow pain. Elbow extension was limited in 14.9% of subjects but there was no correlation with length of baseball experience or elbow pain. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that elementary school baseball players who experienced elbow pain are likely to have valgus stress overload. Elbow pain might be prevented by not playing pitcher and catcher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Matsuura
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Etsuo Chosa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tajika
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Masatomi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yukioka Hospital, 2-2-3, Ukida, Kita-Ku, Osaka, 530-0021, Japan
| | - Sayuri Arimitsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yukioka Hospital, 2-2-3, Ukida, Kita-Ku, Osaka, 530-0021, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma Sports Orthopaedics, 57-2, Miyaji-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0814, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagasawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kenji Takagishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saint-Pierre Hospital, 786-7, Kamisano-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0857, Japan
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20
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Knee pain is associated with lower back pain in young baseball players: a cross-sectional study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:985-990. [PMID: 30194468 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-5129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considerable research has focused on shoulder and elbow injuries among baseball players; however, although lumbar spine and knee injuries are commonly experienced, they are less frequently studied. During common motions in baseball, such as throwing, hitting, and running, energy is transferred from the lower extremities through the lower back to the upper body. Lower extremity pain, as well as lower back pain (LBP), can disrupt the kinematic chain, and it is important to understand the association between lower extremity complaints and LBP. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the association between knee pain and LBP among young baseball players. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with young baseball players (aged 6-15 years, n = 1,609) using a self-reported questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for analyses. Variables considered in the models were sex, age, body mass index, team levels, number of days of training per week, number of hours in practice per day on weekdays and weekend, frequency of participation in games, practice intensity, and player position. RESULTS The point prevalence of LBP and knee pain was 8.4% and 13.1%, respectively. Knee pain was significantly associated with LBP. Using the absence of knee pain as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for LBP was 5.83 (3.93-8.65) (p < 0.001) in the presence of knee pain. CONCLUSIONS Knee pain was associated with LBP among young baseball players. Clinicians should pay attention to knee complaints to prevent and treat LBP among young baseball players. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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21
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Sekiguchi T, Hagiwara Y, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kuroki K, Kanazawa K, Yabe Y, Yoshida S, Koide M, Itaya N, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. Coexistence of Trunk or Lower Extremity Pain with Elbow and/or Shoulder Pain among Young Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 243:173-178. [PMID: 29162768 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.243.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Elbow or shoulder injuries are common in overhead sports. Because energy derived from the lower extremity passes through the trunk to the upper extremity in overhead motion, a break in such a kinetic chain could lead to arm injuries. However, there is only limited information about the role of the trunk and lower extremity support in preventing elbow or shoulder injuries. This study aimed to explore the association of trunk and lower extremity pain with elbow/shoulder pain among young overhead athletes. We conducted a cross-sectional study using self-reported questionnaires mailed to young athletes belonging to the Miyagi Amateur Sports Association. The final study population comprised 2,215 young athletes playing baseball (n = 1,422), volleyball (n = 546), softball (n = 14), handball (n = 28), tennis (n = 110), or badminton (n = 95). The median age of the participants was 11 years (range: 6 to 15 years). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed the higher prevalence of elbow and/or shoulder pain in athletes with back pain (OR = 5.52, 95% CI = 3.51-8.69), hip pain (OR = 6.13, 95% CI = 3.35-11.22), knee pain (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.48-3.51), and foot pain (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.95-4.72), compared with those without pain. We propose that trunk or lower extremity pain is significantly associated with elbow or shoulder pain among young overhead athletes. Assessing for pain in trunk or lower extremity, as well as elbow and/or shoulder pain, may help prevent serious injuries in young overhead athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine.,Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Haruki Momma
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University
| | - Kaoru Kuroki
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Fukushi University
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine
| | - Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine
| | | | - Masashi Koide
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine.,Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering
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22
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Sogi Y, Hagiwara Y, Yabe Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kuroki K, Kanazawa K, Koide M, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Yano T, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. Association between trunk pain and lower extremity pain among youth soccer players: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2018; 10:13. [PMID: 29989080 PMCID: PMC6035452 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-018-0102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Soccer is a high-intensity sport with a high injury rate. Among youth soccer players, lower extremity pain is a major problem that could be associated with trunk function. This study investigated the association between lower extremity pain and trunk pain among youth soccer players. Methods A cross-sectional study involving youth soccer players participating in the Miyagi Amateur Sports Association was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between trunk pain and lower extremity pain. Covariates were sex, age, body mass index, height increase, number of days of training per week, practice time per day on weekdays or weekends, competition levels, frequency of participation in games, and previous injuries. Results The final study population comprised 1139 youth soccer players (age, 6-15 years; male, 94.2%). Lower extremity pain with concomitant trunk pain occurred in 61.8% (42/68). Trunk pain was significantly associated with lower extremity pain (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 6.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.99-11.67). Back pain and hip pain were significantly associated with knee pain (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 7.63 [3.70-15.76] and 3.84 [1.89-7.83], respectively), ankle pain (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 9.03 [4.42-18.44] and 5.43 [2.77-10.62], respectively), and both knee and ankle pain (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 13.67 [6.01-31.09] and 5.98 [2.56-13.97], respectively). Conclusions Trunk pain was associated with lower extremity pain among youth soccer players. Clinicians and coaches should consider comorbidities while treating those players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Sogi
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan.,2Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yutaka Yabe
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- 3Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- 4Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522 Japan
| | - Kaoru Kuroki
- 2Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan.,5Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522 Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Masashi Koide
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- 2Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan.,3Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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23
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Factors associated with sports-related dental injuries among young athletes: a cross-sectional study in Miyagi prefecture. BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:168. [PMID: 29284466 PMCID: PMC5747271 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sports-related dental injuries, such as tooth fracture, loosening, and avulsion, are a major concern among young athletes because they directly impair oral function. Although the preventive efficacy of mouthguards has been well established, the prevalence of sports-related dental injuries remains high among young athletes. The aim of this study is to identify the variables contributing to the risk of sports-related dental injuries by conducting a survey on large population of young athletes in Miyagi prefecture. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with school-aged athletes (aged 6-15 years, n = 5735) using a self-reported questionnaire. The questionnaire examined general variables, including sex, age, and body mass index; sports-related variables, including sports-type, team level, activity schedule, break time, and verbal/physical abuse by coaches; and lifestyle variables related to free time, including screen-time and sleep duration. Their associations with sports-related dental injuries were examined using multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of sports-related dental injuries was 13.3% (763 of 5735 young athletes) and was higher in males (14.3%, 592 of 4132) than in females (10.7%, 171 of 1603; adjusted odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.48 [1.22-1.79], p < 0.001). After stratification according to sex, significant associations with the prevalence of sports-related dental injuries were evident for three variables-insufficient break time, verbal abuse, and physical punishment-in males (adjusted ORs [95% CI]: 1.35 [1.03-1.77], p = 0.032; 1.31 [1.05-1.62], p = 0.015; and 1.36 [1.06-1.75], p = 0.016, respectively) but not in females (adjusted ORs [95% CI]: 0.88 [0.53-1.47], p = 0.623; 1.29 [0.87-1.91], p = 0.206; and 0.97 [0.57-1.63], p = 0.894, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although our results might be based on the individual athlete's self-perception to the sports-related variables, our results suggest that insufficient break time, verbal abuse, and physical punishment from coaches are positively associated with the prevalence of sports-related dental injuries in young male athletes.
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Sekiguchi T, Hagiwara Y, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kuroki K, Kanazawa K, Yabe Y, Yoshida S, Koide M, Itaya N, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. Excessive game playing is associated with musculoskeletal pain among youth athletes: a cross-sectional study in Miyagi prefecture. J Sports Sci 2017; 36:1801-1807. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1420453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kuroki
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Koide
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
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25
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Late bedtimes, short sleeping time, and longtime video-game playing are associated with low back pain in school-aged athletes. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2017; 27:1112-1118. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-017-5177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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