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Echeverría F, Gonzalez-Sanabria N, Alvarado-Sanchez R, Fernández M, Castillo K, Latorre R. Large conductance voltage-and calcium-activated K + (BK) channel in health and disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1373507. [PMID: 38584598 PMCID: PMC10995336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1373507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Large Conductance Voltage- and Calcium-activated K+ (BK) channels are transmembrane pore-forming proteins that regulate cell excitability and are also expressed in non-excitable cells. They play a role in regulating vascular tone, neuronal excitability, neurotransmitter release, and muscle contraction. Dysfunction of the BK channel can lead to arterial hypertension, hearing disorders, epilepsy, and ataxia. Here, we provide an overview of BK channel functioning and the implications of its abnormal functioning in various diseases. Understanding the function of BK channels is crucial for comprehending the mechanisms involved in regulating vital physiological processes, both in normal and pathological conditions, controlled by BK. This understanding may lead to the development of therapeutic interventions to address BK channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Echeverría
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Naileth Gonzalez-Sanabria
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rosangelina Alvarado-Sanchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Miguel Fernández
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Karen Castillo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramon Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Grandi E, Navedo MF, Saucerman JJ, Bers DM, Chiamvimonvat N, Dixon RE, Dobrev D, Gomez AM, Harraz OF, Hegyi B, Jones DK, Krogh-Madsen T, Murfee WL, Nystoriak MA, Posnack NG, Ripplinger CM, Veeraraghavan R, Weinberg S. Diversity of cells and signals in the cardiovascular system. J Physiol 2023; 601:2547-2592. [PMID: 36744541 PMCID: PMC10313794 DOI: 10.1113/jp284011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This white paper is the outcome of the seventh UC Davis Cardiovascular Research Symposium on Systems Approach to Understanding Cardiovascular Disease and Arrhythmia. This biannual meeting aims to bring together leading experts in subfields of cardiovascular biomedicine to focus on topics of importance to the field. The theme of the 2022 Symposium was 'Cell Diversity in the Cardiovascular System, cell-autonomous and cell-cell signalling'. Experts in the field contributed their experimental and mathematical modelling perspectives and discussed emerging questions, controversies, and challenges in examining cell and signal diversity, co-ordination and interrelationships involved in cardiovascular function. This paper originates from the topics of formal presentations and informal discussions from the Symposium, which aimed to develop a holistic view of how the multiple cell types in the cardiovascular system integrate to influence cardiovascular function, disease progression and therapeutic strategies. The first section describes the major cell types (e.g. cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons, immune cells, etc.) and the signals involved in cardiovascular function. The second section emphasizes the complexity at the subcellular, cellular and system levels in the context of cardiovascular development, ageing and disease. Finally, the third section surveys the technological innovations that allow the interrogation of this diversity and advancing our understanding of the integrated cardiovascular function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Manuel F. Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rose E. Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana M. Gomez
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Osama F. Harraz
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, and Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Trine Krogh-Madsen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Walter Lee Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew A. Nystoriak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Nikki G. Posnack
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric and Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Heart Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University – Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seth Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University – Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Heijman J, Zhou X, Morotti S, Molina CE, Abu-Taha IH, Tekook M, Jespersen T, Zhang Y, Dobrev S, Milting H, Gummert J, Karck M, Kamler M, El-Armouche A, Saljic A, Grandi E, Nattel S, Dobrev D. Enhanced Ca 2+-Dependent SK-Channel Gating and Membrane Trafficking in Human Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Res 2023; 132:e116-e133. [PMID: 36927079 PMCID: PMC10147588 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK)-channel inhibitors have antiarrhythmic effects in animal models of atrial fibrillation (AF), presenting a potential novel antiarrhythmic option. However, the regulation of SK-channels in human atrial cardiomyocytes and its modification in patients with AF are poorly understood and were the object of this study. METHODS Apamin-sensitive SK-channel current (ISK) and action potentials were recorded in human right-atrial cardiomyocytes from sinus rhythm control (Ctl) patients or patients with (long-standing persistent) chronic AF (cAF). RESULTS ISK was significantly higher, and apamin caused larger action potential prolongation in cAF- versus Ctl-cardiomyocytes. Sensitivity analyses in an in silico human atrial cardiomyocyte model identified IK1 and ISK as major regulators of repolarization. Increased ISK in cAF was not associated with increases in mRNA/protein levels of SK-channel subunits in either right- or left-atrial tissue homogenates or right-atrial cardiomyocytes, but the abundance of SK2 at the sarcolemma was larger in cAF versus Ctl in both tissue-slices and cardiomyocytes. Latrunculin-A and primaquine (anterograde and retrograde protein-trafficking inhibitors) eliminated the differences in SK2 membrane levels and ISK between Ctl- and cAF-cardiomyocytes. In addition, the phosphatase-inhibitor okadaic acid reduced ISK amplitude and abolished the difference between Ctl- and cAF-cardiomyocytes, indicating that reduced calmodulin-Thr80 phosphorylation due to increased protein phosphatase-2A levels in the SK-channel complex likely contribute to the greater ISK in cAF-cardiomyocytes. Finally, rapid electrical activation (5 Hz, 10 minutes) of Ctl-cardiomyocytes promoted SK2 membrane-localization, increased ISK and reduced action potential duration, effects greatly attenuated by apamin. Latrunculin-A or primaquine prevented the 5-Hz-induced ISK-upregulation. CONCLUSIONS ISK is upregulated in patients with cAF due to enhanced channel function, mediated by phosphatase-2A-dependent calmodulin-Thr80 dephosphorylation and tachycardia-dependent enhanced trafficking and targeting of SK-channel subunits to the sarcolemma. The observed AF-associated increases in ISK, which promote reentry-stabilizing action potential duration shortening, suggest an important role for SK-channels in AF auto-promotion and provide a rationale for pursuing the antiarrhythmic effects of SK-channel inhibition in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Heijman
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Stefano Morotti
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cristina E. Molina
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Issam H. Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Tekook
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yiqiao Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Shokoufeh Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Milting
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Jan Gummert
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Montreal, Canada
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Zyrianova T, Zou K, Lopez B, Liao A, Gu C, Olcese R, Schwingshackl A. Activation of Endothelial Large Conductance Potassium Channels Protects against TNF-α-Induced Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4087. [PMID: 36835507 PMCID: PMC9961193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated TNF-α levels in serum and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of acute lung injury patients correlate with mortality rates. We hypothesized that pharmacological plasma membrane potential (Em) hyperpolarization protects against TNF-α-induced CCL-2 and IL-6 secretion from human pulmonary endothelial cells through inhibition of inflammatory Ca2+-dependent MAPK pathways. Since the role of Ca2+ influx in TNF-α-mediated inflammation remains poorly understood, we explored the role of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels in TNF-α-induced CCL-2 and IL-6 secretion from human pulmonary endothelial cells. The CaV channel blocker, Nifedipine, decreased both CCL-2 and IL-6 secretion, suggesting that a fraction of CaV channels is open at the significantly depolarized resting Em of human microvascular pulmonary endothelial cells (-6 ± 1.9 mV), as shown by whole-cell patch-clamp measurements. To further explore the role of CaV channels in cytokine secretion, we demonstrated that the beneficial effects of Nifedipine could also be achieved by Em hyperpolarization via the pharmacological activation of large conductance K+ (BK) channels with NS1619, which elicited a similar decrease in CCL-2 but not IL-6 secretion. Using functional gene enrichment analysis tools, we predicted and validated that known Ca2+-dependent kinases, JNK-1/2 and p38, are the most likely pathways to mediate the decrease in CCL-2 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Zyrianova
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kathlyn Zou
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Benjamin Lopez
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andy Liao
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Charles Gu
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Riccardo Olcese
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Departments of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andreas Schwingshackl
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Slayden AV, Dyer CL, Ma D, Li W, Bukiya AN, Parrill AL, Dopico AM. Discovery of agonist-antagonist pairs for the modulation of Ca [2]+ and voltage-gated K + channels of large conductance that contain beta1 subunits. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 68:116876. [PMID: 35716586 PMCID: PMC10464842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Large conductance, calcium/voltage-gated potassium channels (BK) regulate critical body processes, including neuronal, secretory and smooth muscle (SM) function. While BK-forming alpha subunits are ubiquitous, accessory beta1 subunits are highly expressed in SM. This makes beta1 an attractive target for pharmaceutical development to treat SM disorders, such as hypertension or cerebrovascular spasm. Compounds activating BK via beta1 have been identified, yet they exhibit low potency and off-target effects while antagonists that limit agonist activity via beta 1 remain unexplored. Beta1-dependent BK ligand-based pharmacophore modeling and ZINC database searches identified 15 commercially available hits. Concentration-response curves on BK alpha + beta1 subunit-mediated currents were obtained in CHO cells. One potent (EC50 = 20 nM) and highly efficacious activator (maximal activation = ×10.3 of control) was identified along with a potent antagonist (KB = 3.02 nM), both of which were dependent on beta1. Our study provides the first proof-of-principle that an agonist/antagonist pair can be used to control beta1-containing BK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria V Slayden
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, 38103, USA
| | - Christy L Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis TN, 38152, USA
| | - Dejian Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, 38163, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, 38163, USA
| | - Anna N Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, 38103, USA
| | - Abby L Parrill
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis TN, 38152, USA
| | - Alex M Dopico
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, 38103, USA.
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Xu JF, Xia J, Wan Y, Yang Y, Wu JJ, Peng C, Ao H. Vasorelaxant Activities and its Underlying Mechanisms of Magnolia Volatile Oil on Rat Thoracic Aorta Based on Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:812716. [PMID: 35308213 PMCID: PMC8926352 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.812716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Magnolia volatile oil (MVO) is a mixture mainly containing eudesmol and its isomers. This study was to investigate the vasorelaxant effects and the underlying mechanism of MVO in rat thoracic aortas. Method: The present study combined gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and network pharmacology analysis with in vitro experiments to clarify the mechanisms of MVO against vessel contraction. A compound–target network, compound–target–disease network, protein–protein interaction network, compound–target–pathway network, gene ontology, and pathway enrichment for hypertension were applied to identify the potential active compounds, drug targets, and pathways. Additionally, the thoracic aortic rings with or without endothelium were prepared to explore the underlying mechanisms. The roles of the PI3K-Akt-NO pathways, neuroreceptors, K+ channels, and Ca2+ channels on the vasorelaxant effects of MVO were evaluated through the rat thoracic aortic rings. Results: A total of 29 compounds were found in MVO, which were identified by GC-MS, of which 21 compounds with a content of more than 0.1% were selected for further analysis. The network pharmacology research predicted that beta-caryophyllene, palmitic acid, and (+)-β-selinene might act as the effective ingredients of MVO for the treatment of hypertension. Several hot targets, mainly involving TNF, CHRM1, ACE, IL10, PTGS2, REN, and F2, and pivotal pathways, such as the neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, the calcium signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling, were responsible for the vasorelaxant effect of MVO. As expected, MVO exerted a vasorelaxant effect on the aortic rings pre-contracted by KCl and phenylephrine in an endothelium-dependent and non-endothelium-dependent manner. Importantly, a pre-incubation with indomethacin (Indo), N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, methylene blue, wortmannin, and atropine sulfate as well as 4-aminopyridione diminished MVO-induced vasorelaxation, suggesting that the activation of the PI3K-Akt-NO pathway and KV channel were involved in the vasorelaxant effect of MVO, which was consistent with the results of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and the Genomes. Additionally, MVO could significantly inhibit Ca2+ influx resulting in the contraction of aortic rings, revealing that the inhibition of the calcium signaling pathway exactly participated in the vasorelaxant activity of MVO as predicted by network pharmacology. Conclusion: MVO might be a potent treatment of diseases with vascular dysfunction like hypertension. The underlying mechanisms were related to the PI3K-Akt-NO pathway, KV pathway, as well as Ca2+ channel, which were predicted by the network pharmacology and verified by the experiments in vitro. This study based on network pharmacology provided experimental support for the clinical application of MVO in the treatment of hypertension and afforded a novel research method to explore the activity and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Xia
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Peng, ; Hui Ao,
| | - Hui Ao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Cheng Peng, ; Hui Ao,
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Li H, An JR, Seo MS, Kang M, Heo R, Park S, Mun SY, Bae YM, Han ET, Han JH, Chun W, Na SH, Park WS. Downregulation of large-conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channels in human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells in gestational diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2022; 288:120169. [PMID: 34822796 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the changes in large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels from human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells experiencing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MAIN METHODS Whole-cell patch-clamp technique, arterial tone measurement, RT-PCR, Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot were performed in human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells. KEY FINDINGS Whole-cell BKCa current density was decreased in the GDM group compared with the normal group. The vasorelaxant effects of the synthetic BKCa channel activator NS-1619 (10 μM) were impaired in the GDM group compared with the normal group. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR, and western blot analyses suggested that the mRNA, total RNA, and protein expression levels of the BKCa channel were decreased in the GDM group relative to the normal group. In addition, the expression levels of protein kinase A and protein kinase G, which regulate BKCa channel activity, remained unchanged between the groups. Applying the BKCa channel inhibitor paxilline (10 μM) induced vasoconstriction and membrane depolarization of isolated umbilical arteries in the normal group but showed less of an effect on umbilical arteries in the GDM group. SIGNIFICANCE Our results demonstrate for the first time impaired BKCa current and BKCa channel-induced vasorelaxation activities that were not caused by impaired BKCa channel-regulated protein kinases, but by decreased expression of the BKCa channels, in the umbilical arteries of GDM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Ryeol An
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Mi Seon Seo
- Department of Physiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27478, South Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Ryeon Heo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Seojin Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Young Min Bae
- Department of Physiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27478, South Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Sung Hun Na
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
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Lorigo M, Quintaneiro C, Maia CJ, Breitenfeld L, Cairrao E. UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate impaired the main vasorelaxant mechanism of human umbilical artery. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130302. [PMID: 33789217 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Personal care products (PCPs) are a group of diverse substances widely used daily for health, beauty, and cleanliness. More than 90% of all PCPs contain the UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC) as a protective function, however, their safety has recently been questioned. The purpose of the present work was to understand how the long-term exposure of UV-filter OMC, used daily by pregnant women, disrupts their vascular homeostasis, altering vascular responses of proteins and channels involved in contractile processes. The long-term effects of 24 h of exposure to OMC (1, 10, and 50 μmol/L) were evaluated on contractile responses of human umbilical arteries (HUA) to serotonin and potassium chloride. Since OMC altered vascular homeostasis of arteries, its vascular mode of action was explored in more detail through the analysis of the activity of cGMP and Ca2+-channels, two pathways involved in their relaxation and contraction, respectively. Our findings showed that long-term exposure of UV-filter OMC impaired the main vasorelaxant mechanism of HUA, once OMC altered the vasorelaxant response pattern of sodium nitroprusside and nifedipine. Results also showed that long-term exposure to OMC induced a decreased vasorelaxation response on HUA due to an interference with the NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG pathway. Moreover, OMC seems to modulate the L-type Ca2+ channels, the BKCa 1.1 α-subunit channels, and the PKG. Overall, since OMC compromises the vascular homeostasis of pregnant women it can be an inductor of pregnancy hypertensive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Carla Quintaneiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cláudio J Maia
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Luiza Breitenfeld
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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9
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Sun WT, Xue HM, Hou HT, Chen HX, Wang J, He GW, Yang Q. Homocysteine alters vasoreactivity of human internal mammary artery by affecting the K Ca channel family. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:625. [PMID: 33987323 PMCID: PMC8106027 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease. We previously demonstrated that disruption of calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel activity is involved in homocysteine-induced dilatory dysfunction of porcine coronary arteries. Recently we reported that the KCa channel family, including large-, intermediate-, and small-conductance KCa (BKCa, IKCa, and SKCa) subtypes, are abundantly expressed in human internal mammary artery (IMA). In this study, we further investigated whether homocysteine affects the expression and functionality of the KCa channel family in this commonly used graft for coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Methods Residual IMA segments obtained from patients undergoing CABG were studied in a myograph for the role of KCa subtypes in both vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction. The expression and distribution of KCa subtypes were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results Both the BKCa channel activator NS1619 and the IKCa/SKCa channel activator NS309 evoked significant IMA relaxation. Homocysteine exposure suppressed NS1619-induced relaxation whereas showed no influence on NS309-induced response. Blockade of BKCa but not IKCa and SKCa subtypes significantly suppressed acetylcholine-induced relaxation and enhanced U46619-induced contraction. Homocysteine compromised the vasodilating activity of the BKCa subtype in IMA, associated with a lowered protein level of the BKCa β1-subunit. Homocysteine potentiated the role of IKCa and SKCa subtypes in mediating endothelium-dependent relaxation without affecting the expression of these channels. Conclusions Homocysteine reduces the expression of BKCa β1-subunit and compromises the vasodilating activity of BKCa channels in IMA. Unlike BKCa, IKCa and SKCa subtypes are unessential for IMA vasoregulation, whereas the loss of BKCa functionality in hyperhomocysteinemia enhances the role of IKCa and SKCa subtypes in mediating endothelial dilator function. Targeting BKCa channels may form a strategy to improve the postoperative graft performance in CABG patients with hyperhomocysteinemia who receive IMA grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Sun
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xue
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Qin Yang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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10
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Carullo G, Ahmed A, Trezza A, Spiga O, Brizzi A, Saponara S, Fusi F, Aiello F. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of ester-based quercetin derivatives as selective vascular K Ca1.1 channel stimulators. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104404. [PMID: 33142229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin represents one of the most studied dietary flavonoids; it exerts a panel of pharmacological activities particularly on the cardiovascular system. Stimulation of vascular KCa1.1 channels contributes to its vasorelaxant activity, which is, however, counteracted in part by its concomitant stimulation of CaV1.2 channels. Therefore, several quercetin hybrid derivatives were designed and synthesized to produce a more selective KCa1.1 channel stimulator, then assessed both in silico and in vitro. All the derivatives interacted with the KCa1.1 channel with similar binding energy values. Among the selected derivatives, 1E was a weak vasodilator, though displaying an interesting CaV1.2 channel blocking activity. The lipoyl derivatives 1F and 3F, though showing pharmacological and electrophysiological features similar to those of quercetin, seemed to be more effective as KCa1.1 channel stimulators as compared to the parent compound. The strategy pursued demonstrated how different chemical substituents on the quercetin core can change/invert its effect on CaV1.2 channels or enhance its KCa1.1 channel stimulatory activity, thus opening new avenues for the synthesis of efficacious vasorelaxant quercetin hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, DoE 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DoE 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Amer Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Trezza
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DoE 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DoE 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DoE 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Saponara
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Fabio Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DoE 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Francesca Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, DoE 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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11
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Tang Q, Zheng YM, Song T, Reyes-García J, Wang C, Wang YX. Inhibition of big-conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channels in cerebral artery (vascular) smooth muscle cells is a major novel mechanism for tacrolimus-induced hypertension. Pflugers Arch 2020; 473:53-66. [PMID: 33033891 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tacrolimus (TAC, also called FK506), a common immunosuppressive drug used to prevent allograft rejection in transplant patients, is well known to alter the functions of blood vessels. In this study, we sought to determine whether chronic treatment of TAC could inhibit the activity of big-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), leading to hypertension. Our data reveal that the activity of BK channels was inhibited in cerebral artery SMCs (CASMCs) from mice after intraperitoneal injection of TAC once a day for 4 weeks. The voltage sensitivity, Ca2+ sensitivity, and open time of single BK channels were all decreased. In support, BK channel β1-, but not α-subunit protein expression was significantly decreased in cerebral arteries. In TAC-treated mice, application of norepinephrine induced stronger vasoconstriction in both cerebral and mesenteric arteries as well as a larger [Ca2+]i in CASMCs. Chronic treatment of TAC, similar to BK channel β1-subunit knockout (KO), resulted in hypertension in mice, but did not cause a further increase in blood pressure in BK channel β1-subunit KO mice. Moreover, BK channel activity in CASMCs was negatively correlated with blood pressure. Our findings provide novel evidence that TAC inhibits BK channels by reducing the channel β1-subunit expression and functions in vascular SMCs, leading to enhanced vasoconstriction and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Tengyao Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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12
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Andrade F, Rangel-Sandoval C, Rodríguez-Hernández A, López-Dyck E, Elizalde A, Virgen-Ortiz A, Bonales-Alatorre E, Valencia-Cruz G, Sánchez-Pastor E. Capsaicin Causes Vasorelaxation of Rat Aorta through Blocking of L-type Ca 2+ Channels and Activation of CB 1 Receptors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173957. [PMID: 32872656 PMCID: PMC7504815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine whether Capsaicin may exert a vascular regulation through the activation of CB1 and/or CB2 receptors causing vasorelaxation in the rat aorta. Our results show the location of TRPV1 mainly in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells membrane. Nevertheless, Capsaicin caused vasorelaxation of this artery through a mechanism independent of TRPV1, since the specific antagonists Capsazepine and SB-366791 did not block the effect of Capsaicin. Because the significant expression of CB1 and CB2 receptors has been previously reported in the rat aorta, we used antagonists for these two receptors prior to the addition of Capsaicin. In these experiments, we found that the inhibition of CB1 using AM281, decreases the vasorelaxant effect caused by Capsaicin. On the other hand, the vasorelaxant effect is not altered in the presence of the CB2 receptor antagonist AM630. Furthermore, a partial decrease of the effect of Capsaicin was also seen when L-type calcium channels are blocked. A complete block of Capsaicin-induced vasorelaxation was achieved using a combination of Verapamil and AM281. In accordance to our results, Capsaicin-induced vasorelaxation of the rat aorta is neither dependent of TRPV1 or CB2 receptors, but rather it is strongly suggested that a tandem mechanism between inactivation of L-type calcium channels and the direct activation of CB1 receptors is involved. These findings are supported by CB1 docking simulation which predicted a binding site on CB1 receptors for Capsaicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipa Andrade
- National Technological Institute of Mexico/Technological Institute of Colima, Avenida Tecnológico No. 1, CP 28976 Villa de Álvarez, Colima, Mexico;
| | - Cinthia Rangel-Sandoval
- University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico; (C.R.-S.); (A.E.); (A.V.-O.); (E.B.-A.); (G.V.-C.)
| | | | - Evelyn López-Dyck
- State University of Sonora, Navojoa Academic Unit. Blvd. Manlio Fabio Beltrones 810, CP 85875 Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Alejandro Elizalde
- University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico; (C.R.-S.); (A.E.); (A.V.-O.); (E.B.-A.); (G.V.-C.)
| | - Adolfo Virgen-Ortiz
- University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico; (C.R.-S.); (A.E.); (A.V.-O.); (E.B.-A.); (G.V.-C.)
| | - Edgar Bonales-Alatorre
- University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico; (C.R.-S.); (A.E.); (A.V.-O.); (E.B.-A.); (G.V.-C.)
| | - Georgina Valencia-Cruz
- University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico; (C.R.-S.); (A.E.); (A.V.-O.); (E.B.-A.); (G.V.-C.)
| | - Enrique Sánchez-Pastor
- University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico; (C.R.-S.); (A.E.); (A.V.-O.); (E.B.-A.); (G.V.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52 (312) 31-611-29
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13
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Clinical Importance of the Human Umbilical Artery Potassium Channels. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091956. [PMID: 32854241 PMCID: PMC7565333 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) channels are usually predominant in the membranes of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). These channels play an important role in regulating the membrane potential and vessel contractility-a role that depends on the vascular bed. Thus, the activity of K+ channels represents one of the main mechanisms regulating the vascular tone in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Briefly, the activation of K+ channels in SMC leads to hyperpolarization and vasorelaxation, while its inhibition induces depolarization and consequent vascular contraction. Currently, there are four different types of K+ channels described in SMCs: voltage-dependent K+ (KV) channels, calcium-activated K+ (KCa) channels, inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channels, and 2-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels. Due to the fundamental role of K+ channels in excitable cells, these channels are promising therapeutic targets in clinical practice. Therefore, this review discusses the basic properties of the various types of K+ channels, including structure, cellular mechanisms that regulate their activity, and new advances in the development of activators and blockers of these channels. The vascular functions of these channels will be discussed with a focus on vascular SMCs of the human umbilical artery. Then, the clinical importance of K+ channels in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy, such as gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, will be explored.
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14
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Fusi F, Trezza A, Tramaglino M, Sgaragli G, Saponara S, Spiga O. The beneficial health effects of flavonoids on the cardiovascular system: Focus on K+ channels. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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15
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Sun WT, Hou HT, Chen HX, Xue HM, Wang J, He GW, Yang Q. Calcium-activated potassium channel family in coronary artery bypass grafts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 161:e399-e409. [PMID: 31928817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the expression, distribution, and contribution to vasodilatation of the calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel family in the commonly used coronary artery bypass graft internal thoracic artery (ITA) and saphenous vein (SV) to understand the role of large conductance KCa (BKCa), intermediate-conductance KCa (IKCa), and small-conductance KCa (SKCa) channel subtypes in graft dilating properties determined by endothelium-smooth muscle interaction that is essential to the postoperative performance of the graft. METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were employed to detect the messenger RNA and protein level of KCa channel subtypes. Distribution of KCa channel subtypes was examined by immunohistochemistry. KCa subtype-mediated vasorelaxation was studied using wire myography. RESULTS Both ITA and SV express all KCa channel subtypes with each subtype distributed in both endothelium and smooth muscle. ITA and SV do not differ in the overall expression level of each KCa channel subtype, corresponding to comparable relaxant responses to respective subtype activators. In ITA, BKCa is more abundantly expressed in smooth muscle than in endothelium, whereas SKCa exhibits more abundance in the endothelium. In comparison, SV shows even distribution of KCa channel subtypes in the 2 layers. The BKCa subtype in the KCa family plays a significant role in vasodilatation of ITA, whereas its contribution in SV is quite limited. CONCLUSIONS KCa family is abundantly expressed in ITA and SV. There are differences between these 2 grafts in the abundance of KCa channel subtypes in the endothelium and the smooth muscle. The significance of the BKCa subtype in vasodilatation of ITA may suggest the potential of development of BKCa modulators for the prevention and treatment of ITA spasm during/after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Sun
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xue
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China; School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore
| | - Qin Yang
- Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
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16
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Li P, Halabi CM, Stewart R, Butler A, Brown B, Xia X, Santi C, England S, Ferreira J, Mecham RP, Salkoff L. Sodium-activated potassium channels moderate excitability in vascular smooth muscle. J Physiol 2019; 597:5093-5108. [PMID: 31444905 PMCID: PMC6800802 DOI: 10.1113/jp278279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We report that a sodium-activated potassium current, IKNa , has been inadvertently overlooked in both conduit and resistance arterial smooth muscle cells. IKNa is a major K+ resting conductance and is absent in cells of IKNa knockout (KO) mice. The phenotype of the IKNa KO is mild hypertension, although KO mice react more strongly than wild-type with raised blood pressure when challenged with vasoconstrictive agents. IKNa is negatively regulated by angiotensin II acting through Gαq protein-coupled receptors. In current clamp, KO arterial smooth muscle cells have easily evoked Ca2+ -dependent action potentials. ABSTRACT Although several potassium currents have been reported to play a role in arterial smooth muscle (ASM), we find that one of the largest contributors to membrane conductance in both conduit and resistance ASMs has been inadvertently overlooked. In the present study, we show that IKNa , a sodium-activated potassium current, contributes a major portion of macroscopic outward current in a critical physiological voltage range that determines intrinsic cell excitability; IKNa is the largest contributor to ASM cell resting conductance. A genetic knockout (KO) mouse strain lacking KNa channels (KCNT1 and KCNT2) shows only a modest hypertensive phenotype. However, acute administration of vasoconstrictive agents such as angiotensin II (Ang II) and phenylephrine results in an abnormally large increase in blood pressure in the KO animals. In wild-type animals Ang II acting through Gαq protein-coupled receptors down-regulates IKNa , which increases the excitability of the ASMs. The complete genetic removal of IKNa in KO mice makes the mutant animal more vulnerable to vasoconstrictive agents, thus producing a paroxysmal-hypertensive phenotype. This may result from the lowering of cell resting K+ conductance allowing the cells to depolarize more readily to a variety of excitable stimuli. Thus, the sodium-activated potassium current may serve to moderate blood pressure in instances of heightened stress. IKNa may represent a new therapeutic target for hypertension and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
- Equal contributors
| | - Carmen M. Halabi
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
- Equal contributors
| | - Richard Stewart
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Alice Butler
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Bobbie Brown
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Xiaoming Xia
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Celia Santi
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
- Dept. of OBGYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Sarah England
- Dept. of OBGYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Juan Ferreira
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
- Dept. of OBGYN, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Robert P. Mecham
- Dept. of Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
| | - Lawrence Salkoff
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
- Dept. of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis. MO 63110
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Dogan MF, Arslan SO, Yildiz O, Kurtoglu M, Parlar A. Propofol-Induced Vasodilation in Human Internal Mammary Artery: Role of Potassium Channels. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019; 33:2183-2191. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Dogan MF, Yildiz O, Arslan SO, Ulusoy KG. Potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle: a pathophysiological and pharmacological perspective. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 33:504-523. [PMID: 30851197 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Potassium (K+ ) ion channel activity is an important determinant of vascular tone by regulating cell membrane potential (MP). Activation of K+ channels leads to membrane hyperpolarization and subsequently vasodilatation, while inhibition of the channels causes membrane depolarization and then vasoconstriction. So far five distinct types of K+ channels have been identified in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs): Ca+2 -activated K+ channels (BKC a ), voltage-dependent K+ channels (KV ), ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP ), inward rectifier K+ channels (Kir ), and tandem two-pore K+ channels (K2 P). The activity and expression of vascular K+ channels are changed during major vascular diseases such as hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus. The defective function of K+ channels is commonly associated with impaired vascular responses and is likely to become as a result of changes in K+ channels during vascular diseases. Increased K+ channel function and expression may also help to compensate for increased abnormal vascular tone. There are many pharmacological and genotypic studies which were carried out on the subtypes of K+ channels expressed in variable amounts in different vascular beds. Modulation of K+ channel activity by molecular approaches and selective drug development may be a novel treatment modality for vascular dysfunction in the future. This review presents the basic properties, physiological functions, pathophysiological, and pharmacological roles of the five major classes of K+ channels that have been determined in VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Fatih Dogan
- Department of Pharmacology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Bilkent, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Yildiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Etlik, Ankara, 06170, Turkey
| | - Seyfullah Oktay Arslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Bilkent, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - Kemal Gokhan Ulusoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Etlik, Ankara, 06170, Turkey
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Activation of human smooth muscle BK channels by hydrochlorothiazide requires cell integrity and the presence of BK β 1 subunit. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:371-381. [PMID: 29188803 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiazide-like diuretics are the most commonly used drugs to treat arterial hypertension, with their efficacy being linked to their chronic vasodilatory effect. Previous studies suggest that activation of the large conductance voltage- and Ca2+-dependent K+ (BK) channel (Slo 1, MaxiK channel) is responsible for the thiazide-induced vasodilatory effect. But the direct electrophysiological evidence supporting this claim is lacking. BK channels can be associated with one small accessory β-subunit (β1-β4) that confers specific biophysical and pharmacological characteristics to the current phenotype. The β1-subunit is primarily expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). In this study we investigated the effect of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on BK channel activity in native SMCs from human umbilical artery (HUASMCs) and HEK293T cells expressing the BK channel (with and without the β1-subunit). Bath application of HCTZ (10 μmol/L) significantly augmented the BK current in HUASMCs when recorded using the whole-cell configurations, but it did not affect the unitary conductance and open probability of the BK channel in HUASMCs evaluated in the inside-out configuration, suggesting an indirect mechanism requiring cell integrity. In HEK293T cells expressing BK channels, HCTZ-augmented BK channel activity was only observed when the β1-subunit was co-expressed, being concentration-dependent with an EC50 of 28.4 μmol/L, whereas membrane potential did not influence the concentration relationship. Moreover, HCTZ did not affect the BK channel current in HEK293T cells evaluated in the inside-out configuration, but significantly increases the open probability in the cell-attached configuration. Our data demonstrate that a β1-subunit-dependent mechanism that requires SMC integrity leads to HCTZ-induced BK channel activation.
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Ribeiro Junior RF, Fiorim J, Marques VB, de Sousa Ronconi K, Botelho T, Grando MD, Bendhack LM, Vassallo DV, Stefanon I. Vascular activation of K+ channels and Na+-K+ ATPase activity of estrogen-deficient female rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 99:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Impairment of BKca channels in human placental chorionic plate arteries is potentially relevant to the development of preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2017; 41:126-134. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2017.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Zaborska KE, Wareing M, Austin C. Comparisons between perivascular adipose tissue and the endothelium in their modulation of vascular tone. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3388-3397. [PMID: 27747871 PMCID: PMC5610163 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium is an established modulator of vascular tone; however, the recent discovery of the anti-contractile nature of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) suggests that the fat, which surrounds many blood vessels, can also modulate vascular tone. Both the endothelium and PVAT secrete vasoactive substances, which regulate vascular function. Many of these factors are common to both the endothelium and PVAT; therefore, this review will highlight the potential shared mechanisms in the modulation of vascular tone. Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of many vascular diseases, including hypertension and obesity. Moreover, PVAT dysfunction is now being reported in several cardio-metabolic disorders. Thus, this review will also discuss the mechanistic insights into endothelial and PVAT dysfunction in order to evaluate whether PVAT modulation of vascular contractility is similar to that of the endothelium in health and disease. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Perivascular Adipose Tissue - Potential Pharmacological Targets? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.20/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Zaborska
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of ManchesterUK
| | - M Wareing
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human DevelopmentUniversity of ManchesterUK
| | - C Austin
- Faculty of Health and Social CareEdge Hill UniversityUK
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López-Dyck E, Andrade-Urzúa F, Elizalde A, Ferrer-Villada T, Dagnino-Acosta A, Huerta M, Osuna-Calleros Z, Rangel-Sandoval C, Sánchez-Pastor E. ACPA and JWH-133 modulate the vascular tone of superior mesenteric arteries through cannabinoid receptors, BK Ca channels, and nitric oxide dependent mechanisms. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1131-1139. [PMID: 29128791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some cannabinoids, a family of compounds derived from Cannabis sativa (marijuana), have previously shown vasodilator effects in several studies, a feature that makes them suitable for the generation of a potential treatment for hypertension. The mechanism underlying this vasodilator effect in arteries is still controversial. In this report, we explored how the synthetic cannabinoids ACPA (CB1-selective agonist) and JWH-133 (CB2-selective agonist) regulate the vascular tone of rat superior mesenteric arteries. METHODS To screen the expression of CB1 (Cannabinoid receptor 1) and CB2 (Cannabinoid receptor 2) receptors in arterial rings or isolated smooth muscle cells obtained from the artery, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy were performed. In addition, the effects on vascular tone induced by the two cannabinoids were tested in isometric tension experiments in rings obtained from superior mesenteric arteries. The participation of voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel of big conductance (BKCa) and the role of nitric oxide (NO) release on the vascular effects induced by ACPA and JWH-133 were tested. RESULTS CB1 and CB2 receptors were highly expressed in the rat superior mesenteric artery, in both smooth muscle and endothelium. The vasodilation effect shown by ACPA was endothelium-dependent through a mechanism involving CB1 receptors, BKCa channel activation, and NO release; meanwhile, the vasodilator effect of JWH-133 was induced by the activation of CB2 receptors located in smooth muscle and by a CB2 receptor-independent mechanism inducing NO release. CONCLUSIONS CB1 and CB2 receptor activation in superior mesenteric artery causes vasorelaxation by mechanisms involving BKCa channels and NO release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn López-Dyck
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Elizalde
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Tania Ferrer-Villada
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Miguel Huerta
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Zyanya Osuna-Calleros
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Sánchez-Pastor
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico.
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Caniffi C, Cerniello FM, Gobetto MN, Sueiro ML, Costa MA, Arranz C. Vascular Tone Regulation Induced by C-Type Natriuretic Peptide: Differences in Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms Involved in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167817. [PMID: 27936197 PMCID: PMC5147996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that the role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in the regulation of vascular tone in hypertensive states is unclear, we hypothesized that impaired response of the nitric oxide system to CNP in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) could affect vascular relaxation induced by the peptide in this model of hypertension, and that other endothelial systems or potassium channels opening could also be involved. We examined the effect of CNP on isolated SHR aortas, and the hindlimb vascular resistance (HVR) in response to CNP administration compared to normotensive rats. Aortas were mounted in an isometric organ bath and contracted with phenylephrine. CNP relaxed arteries in a concentration-dependent manner but was less potent in inducing relaxation in SHR. The action of CNP was diminished by removal of the endothelium, inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, and inhibition of soluble guanylyl cyclase by 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one in both groups. In contrast, blockade of cyclooxygenase or subtype 2 bradykinin receptor increased CNP potency only in SHR. In both Wistar and SHR, CNP relaxation was blunted by tetraethylammonium and partially inhibited by BaCl2 and iberiotoxin, indicating that it was due to opening of the Kir and BKCa channels. However, SHR seem to be more sensitive to Kir channel blockade and less sensitive to BKCa channel blockade than normotensive rats. In addition, CNP decreases HVR in Wistar and SHR, but the effect of CNP increasing blood flow was more marked in SHR. We conclude that CNP induces aorta relaxation by activation of the nitric oxide system and opening of potassium channels, but the response to the peptide is impaired in conductance vessel of hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Caniffi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Flavia M. Cerniello
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María N. Gobetto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L. Sueiro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María A. Costa
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina Arranz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Landa-Juárez AY, Ortiz MI, Castañeda-Hernández G, Chávez-Piña AE. Participation of potassium channels in the antinociceptive effect of docosahexaenoic acid in the rat formalin test. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 793:95-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Peruzzo R, Biasutto L, Szabò I, Leanza L. Impact of intracellular ion channels on cancer development and progression. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2016; 45:685-707. [PMID: 27289382 PMCID: PMC5045486 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer research is nowadays focused on the identification of possible new targets in order to try to develop new drugs for curing untreatable tumors. Ion channels have emerged as "oncogenic" proteins, since they have an aberrant expression in cancers compared to normal tissues and contribute to several hallmarks of cancer, such as metabolic re-programming, limitless proliferative potential, apoptosis-resistance, stimulation of neo-angiogenesis as well as cell migration and invasiveness. In recent years, not only the plasma membrane but also intracellular channels and transporters have arisen as oncological targets and were proposed to be associated with tumorigenesis. Therefore, the research is currently focusing on understanding the possible role of intracellular ion channels in cancer development and progression on one hand and, on the other, on developing new possible drugs able to modulate the expression and/or activity of these channels. In a few cases, the efficacy of channel-targeting drugs in reducing tumors has already been demonstrated in vivo in preclinical mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Krishnamoorthy-Natarajan G, Koide M. BK Channels in the Vascular System. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 128:401-38. [PMID: 27238270 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autoregulation of blood flow is essential for the preservation of organ function to ensure continuous supply of oxygen and essential nutrients and removal of metabolic waste. This is achieved by controlling the diameter of muscular arteries and arterioles that exhibit a myogenic response to changes in arterial blood pressure, nerve activity and tissue metabolism. Large-conductance voltage and Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels (BK channels), expressed exclusively in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the vascular wall of healthy arteries, play a critical role in regulating the myogenic response. Activation of BK channels by intracellular, local, and transient ryanodine receptor-mediated "Ca(2+) sparks," provides a hyperpolarizing influence on the SMC membrane potential thereby decreasing the activity of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels and limiting Ca(2+) influx to promote SMC relaxation and vasodilation. The BK channel α subunit, a large tetrameric protein with each monomer consisting of seven-transmembrane domains, a long intracellular C-terminal tail and an extracellular N-terminus, associates with the β1 and γ subunits in vascular SMCs. The BK channel is regulated by factors originating within the SMC or from the endothelium, perivascular nerves and circulating blood, that significantly alter channel gating properties, Ca(2+) sensitivity and expression of the α and/or β1 subunit. The BK channel thus serves as a central receiving dock that relays the effects of the changes in several such concomitant autocrine and paracrine factors and influences cardiovascular health. This chapter describes the primary mechanism of regulation of myogenic response by BK channels and the alterations to this mechanism wrought by different vasoactive mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Koide
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Novel cell-free high-throughput screening method for pharmacological tools targeting K+ channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5748-53. [PMID: 27091997 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1602815113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
K(+) channels, a superfamily of ∼80 members, control cell excitability, ion homeostasis, and many forms of cell signaling. Their malfunctions cause numerous diseases including neuronal disorders, cardiac arrhythmia, diabetes, and asthma. Here we present a novel liposome flux assay (LFA) that is applicable to most K(+) channels. It is robust, low cost, and high throughput. Using LFA, we performed small molecule screens on three different K(+) channels and identified new activators and inhibitors for biological research on channel function and for medicinal development. We further engineered a hERG (human ether-à-go-go-related gene) channel, which, when used in LFA, provides a highly sensitive (zero false negatives on 50 hERG-sensitive drugs) and highly specific (zero false positives on 50 hERG-insensitive drugs), low-cost hERG safety assay.
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Abstract
BK channels are universal regulators of cell excitability, given their exceptional unitary conductance selective for K(+), joint activation mechanism by membrane depolarization and intracellular [Ca(2+)] elevation, and broad expression pattern. In this chapter, we discuss the structural basis and operational principles of their activation, or gating, by membrane potential and calcium. We also discuss how the two activation mechanisms interact to culminate in channel opening. As members of the voltage-gated potassium channel superfamily, BK channels are discussed in the context of archetypal family members, in terms of similarities that help us understand their function, but also seminal structural and biophysical differences that confer unique functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pantazis
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - R Olcese
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Hajagos-Tóth J, Hódi Á, Seres AB, Gáspár R. Effects of d- and l-limonene on the pregnant rat myometrium in vitro. Croat Med J 2016; 56:431-8. [PMID: 26526880 PMCID: PMC4655928 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2015.56.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To study the effects of d- and l-limonene on pregnant rat myometrial contractility in vitro, and investigate how these effects are modified by other agents. D- and l-limonene (10−13-10−8 M) caused myometrial contraction in a dose-dependent manner. Methods Contractions of uterine rings from 22-day-pregnant rats were measured in an organ bath in the presence of d- or l-limonene (10−13-10−8 M) and nifedipine (10−8 M), tetraethyl-ammonium (10−3 M), theophylline (10−5 M), or paxilline (10−5 M). Uterine cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level was detected by enzyme immunoassay. Oxidative damage was induced by methylglyoxal (3 × 10−2 M) and the alteration was measured via noradrenaline (1 × 10−9 to 3 × 10−5 M) -induced contractions. Results Pre-treatment with nifedipine (10−8 M), tetraethylammonium (10−3 M), and theophylline (10−5 M) attenuated the contracting effect of d- and l-limonene, while in the presence of paxilline (10−5 M) d- and l-limonene were ineffective. The two enantiomers decreased the myometrial cAMP level, but after paxilline pretreatment the cAMP level was not altered compared with the control value. Additionally, l-limonene (10−6 M) diminished consequences of oxidative damage caused by methylglyoxal (3 × 10−2 M) on contractility, whereas d-limonene was ineffective. Conclusion Our findings suggest that l-limonene has an antioxidant effect and that both d-and l-limonene cause myometrial contraction through activation of the A2A receptor and opening of the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel. It is possible that limonene-containing products increase the pregnant uterus contractility and their use should be avoided during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Róbert Gáspár
- Róbert Gáspár, Szeged, H-6701, P.O. Box 121, Hungary,
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Murata T, Dietrich HH, Horiuchi T, Hongo K, Dacey RG. Mechanisms of magnesium-induced vasodilation in cerebral penetrating arterioles. Neurosci Res 2015; 107:57-62. [PMID: 26712324 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated in cerebral penetrating arterioles the signaling mechanisms and dose-dependency of extracellular magnesium-induced vasodilation and also its vasodilatory effects in vessels preconstricted with agonists associated with delayed cerebral vasospasm following SAH. Male rat penetrating arterioles were cannulated. Their internal diameters were monitored. To investigate mechanisms of magnesium-induced vasodilation, inhibitors of endothelial function, potassium channels and endothelial impairment were tested. To simulate cerebral vasospasm we applied several spasmogenic agonists. Increased extracellular magnesium concentration produced concentration-dependent vasodilation, which was partially attenuated by non-specific calcium-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor tetraethylammonium, but not by other potassium channel inhibitors. Neither the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA nor endothelial impairment induced by air embolism reduced the dilation. Although the magnesium-induced vasodilation was slightly attenuated by the spasmogen ET-1, neither application of PF2α nor TXA2 analog effect the vasodilation. Magnesium induced a concentration- and smooth muscle cell-dependent dilation in cerebral penetrating arterioles. Calcium-sensitive potassium channels of smooth muscle cells may play a key role in magnesium-induced vasodilation. Magnesium also dilated endothelium-impaired vessels as well as vessels preconstricted with spasmogenic agonists. These results provide a fundamental background for the clinical use of magnesium, especially in treatment against delayed cerebral ischemia or vasospasm following SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Murata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Hans H Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Tetsuyoshi Horiuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hongo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Ralph G Dacey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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Vasodilatory effect of a novel Rho-kinase inhibitor, DL0805-2, on the rat mesenteric artery and its potential mechanisms. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2015; 28:415-24. [PMID: 25086815 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-014-6544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated the vasodilatory effect of a novel scaffold Rho-kinase inhibitor, DL0805-2, on isolated rat arterial rings including mesenteric, ventral tail, and renal arteries. We also examined the potential mechanisms of its vasodilatory action using mesenteric artery rings. METHODS A DMT multiwire myograph system was used to test the tension of isolated small arteries. Several drugs were employed to verify the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS DL0805-2 (10(-7)-10(-4) M) inhibited KCl (60 mM)-induced vasoconstriction in three types of small artery rings (pEC50: 5.84 ± 0.03, 5.39 ± 0.03, and 5.67 ± 0.02 for mesenteric, renal, and ventral tail artery rings, respectively). Pre-incubation with DL0805-2 (1, 3, or 10 μM) attenuated KCl (10-60 mM) and angiotensin II (AngII; 10(-6) M)-induced vasoconstriction in mesenteric artery rings. The relaxant effect on the rat mesenteric artery was partially endothelium-dependent (pEC50: 6.02 ± 0.05 for endothelium-intact and 5.72 ± 0.06 for endothelium-denuded). The influx and release of Ca(2+) were inhibited by DL0805-2. In addition, the increased phosphorylation levels of myosin light chain (MLC) and myosin-binding subunit of myosin phosphatase (MYPT1) induced by AngII were blocked by DL0805-2. However, DL0805-2 had little effect on K(+) channels. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that DL0805-2 has a vasorelaxant effect on isolated rat small arteries and may exert its action through the endothelium, Ca(2+) channels, and the Rho/ROCK pathway.
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Gai XY, Wei YH, Zhang W, Wuren TN, Wang YP, Li ZQ, Liu S, Ma L, Lu DX, Zhou Y, Ge RL. Echinacoside induces rat pulmonary artery vasorelaxation by opening the NO-cGMP-PKG-BKCa channels and reducing intracellular Ca2+ levels. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:587-96. [PMID: 25864652 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction as experienced at high altitude can lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH). The main purpose of this study is to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of echinacoside (ECH), a phenylethanoid glycoside from the Tibetan herb Lagotis brevituba Maxim and Cistanche tubulosa, on the pulmonary artery and its potential mechanism. METHODS Pulmonary arterial rings obtained from male Wistar rats were suspended in organ chambers filled with Krebs-Henseleit solution, and isometric tension was measured using a force transducer. Intracellular Ca(2+) levels were measured in cultured rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) using Fluo 4-AM. RESULTS ECH (30-300 μmol/L) relaxed rat pulmonary arteries precontracted by noradrenaline (NE) in a concentration-dependent manner, and this effect could be observed in both intact endothelium and endothelium-denuded rings, but with a significantly lower maximum response and a higher EC50 in endothelium-denuded rings. This effect was significantly blocked by L-NAME, TEA, and BaCl2. However, IMT, 4-AP, and Gli did not inhibit ECH-induced relaxation. Under extracellular Ca(2+)-free conditions, the maximum contraction was reduced to 24.54%±2.97% and 10.60%±2.07% in rings treated with 100 and 300 μmol/L of ECH, respectively. Under extracellular calcium influx conditions, the maximum contraction was reduced to 112.42%±7.30%, 100.29%±8.66%, and 74.74%±4.95% in rings treated with 30, 100, and 300 μmol/L of ECH, respectively. After cells were loaded with Fluo 4-AM, the mean fluorescence intensity was lower in cells treated with ECH (100 μmol/L) than with NE. CONCLUSION ECH suppresses NE-induced contraction of rat pulmonary artery via reducing intracellular Ca(2+) levels, and induces its relaxation through the NO-cGMP pathway and opening of K(+) channels (BKCa and KIR).
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Marinko M, Novakovic A, Nenezic D, Stojanovic I, Milojevic P, Jovic M, Ugresic N, Kanjuh V, Yang Q, He GW. Nicorandil directly and cyclic GMP-dependently opens K+ channels in human bypass grafts. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 128:59-64. [PMID: 25850381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As we previously demonstrated the role of different K(+) channels in the action of nicorandil on human saphenous vein (HSV) and human internal mammary artery (HIMA), this study aimed to analyse the contribution of the cGMP pathway in nicorandil-induced vasorelaxation and to determine the involvement of cGMP in the K(+) channel-activating effect of nicorandil. An inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (GC), ODQ, significantly inhibited nicorandil-induced relaxation, while ODQ plus glibenclamide, a selective ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channel inhibitor, produced a further inhibition of both vessels. In HSV, ODQ in combination with 4-aminopyridine, a blocker of voltage-gated K(+) (KV) channels, did not modify the concentration-response to nicorandil compared with ODQ, whereas in HIMA, ODQ plus iberiotoxin, a selective blocker of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BKCa) channels, produced greater inhibition than ODQ alone. We showed that the cGMP pathway plays a significant role in the vasorelaxant effect of nicorandil on HSV and HIMA. It seems that nicorandil directly opens KATP channels in both vessels and BKCa channels in HIMA, although it is possible that stimulation of GC contributes to KATP channels activation in HIMA. Contrary, the activation of KV channels in HSV is probably due to GC activation and increased levels of cGMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Marinko
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Novakovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dragoslav Nenezic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Stojanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Milojevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miomir Jovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nenad Ugresic
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Qin Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Providence Heart & Vascular Institute, Albert Starr Academic Center, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Wang X, Cheang WS, Yang H, Xiao L, Lai B, Zhang M, Ni J, Luo Z, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Wang N. Nuciferine relaxes rat mesenteric arteries through endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5609-18. [PMID: 25409881 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nuciferine, a constituent of lotus leaf, is an aromatic ring-containing alkaloid, with antioxidative properties. We hypothesize nuciferine might affect vascular reactivity. This study aimed at determining the effects of nuciferine on vasomotor tone and the underlying mechanism EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Nuciferine-induced relaxations in rings of rat main mesenteric arteries were measured by wire myographs. Endothelial NOS (eNOS) was determined by immunoblotting. Intracellular NO production in HUVECs and Ca(2+) level in both HUVECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from rat mesenteric arteries were assessed by fluorescence imaging. KEY RESULTS Nuciferine induced relaxations in arterial segments pre-contracted by KCl or phenylephrine. Nuciferine-elicited arterial relaxations were reduced by removal of endothelium or by pretreatment with the eNOS inhibitor L-NAME or the NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ. In HUVECs, the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser(1177) and increase in cytosolic NO level induced by nuciferine were mediated by extracellular Ca(2+) influx. Under endothelium-free conditions, nuciferine attenuated CaCl2-induced contraction in Ca(2+)-free depolarizing medium. In the absence of extracellular calcium, nuciferine relieved the vasoconstriction induced by phenylephrine and the addition of CaCl2. Nuciferine also suppressed Ca(2+) influx in Ca(2+)-free K(+)-containing solution in VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Nuciferine has a vasorelaxant effect via both endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These results suggest that nuciferine may have a therapeutic effect on vascular diseases associated with aberrant vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baochang Lai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiqian Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahua Ni
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nanping Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Daniilidis K, Georges P, Tibesku CO, Prehm P. Positive side effects of Ca antagonists for osteoarthritic joints-results of an in vivo pilot study. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10:1. [PMID: 25573427 PMCID: PMC4296554 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-014-0138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have shown previously that some calcium antagonists inhibit hyaluronan export, loss of proteoglycans, and degradation of collagen from osteoarthritic cartilage. Clinically approved calcium antagonists normally are prescribed for cardiac arrhythmia. In the present study, we compared the effect of these drugs on osteoarthritic patients which had received no medication and patients which were also diagnosed for cardiac arrhythmias and were treated with calcium antagonists. The effects and the side effects of the used drugs were analyzed. Method We used the Lequesne questionnaire to examine patients with osteoarthritis (212 patients, control group receiving no calcium antagonists) and patients with cardiac arrhythmia and osteoarthritis (188 patients treated with various calcium antagonists). The answers of the questionnaires were transformed into the Lequesne scoring system quantifying the severity of the disease. The Lequesne score is a standardized questionnaire focused on osteoarthritis. It is a 24-scale questionary in which low scores indicate low functional activity. Results The data showed that the mean score of the control group (6.2) was higher than the treated group (5.2), the drugs differed in their efficiency. Verapamil had a slightly worse score and Azupamil, Escor, Felodipine, and Nifedipine showed no alteration. Adalat, Amlodipine, Carmen, Nitrendipin, and Norvasc lead to an improvement. Conclusion These results suggest that inhibition of hyaluronan export may have a beneficial effect on human osteoarthritis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13018-014-0138-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiriakos Daniilidis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Annastift Hanover (Medical School Hanover; MHH), Anna-von-Borries-Strasse 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Philipp Georges
- Radiologie am Theater, Neuer Platz 4, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Carsten O Tibesku
- Sporthopaedicum Straubing/Regensburg, Bahnhofplatz 27, D-94315, Straubing, Germany.
| | - Peter Prehm
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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McMillan JE, Bukiya AN, Terrell CL, Patil SA, Miller DD, Dopico AM, Parrill AL. Multi-generational pharmacophore modeling for ligands to the cholane steroid-recognition site in the β₁ modulatory subunit of the BKCa channel. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 54:174-83. [PMID: 25459769 PMCID: PMC4268273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Large conductance, voltage- and Ca(2+)-gated K(+) (BKCa) channels play a critical role in smooth muscle contractility and thus represent an emerging therapeutic target for drug development to treat vascular disease, gastrointestinal, bladder and uterine disorders. Several compounds are known to target the ubiquitously expressed BKCa channel-forming α subunit. In contrast, just a few are known to target the BKCa modulatory β1 subunit, which is highly expressed in smooth muscle and scarce in most other tissues. Lack of available high-resolution structural data makes structure-based pharmacophore modeling of β1 subunit-dependent BKCa channel activators a major challenge. Following recent discoveries of novel BKCa channel activators that act via β1 subunit recognition, we performed ligand-based pharmacophore modeling that led to the successful creation and fine-tuning of a pharmacophore over several generations. Initial models were developed using physiologically active cholane steroids (bile acids) as template. However, as more compounds that act on BKCa β1 have been discovered, our model has been refined to improve accuracy. Database searching with our best-performing model has uncovered several novel compounds as candidate BKCa β1 subunit ligands. Eight of the identified compounds were experimentally screened and two proved to be activators of recombinant BKCa β1 complexes. One of these activators, sobetirome, differs substantially in structure from any previously reported activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob E McMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Computational Research on Materials Institute (CROMIUM), The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
| | - Anna N Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Camisha L Terrell
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA andDepartment of Chemistry, Christian Brothers University, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
| | - Shivaputra A Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Alex M Dopico
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Abby L Parrill
- Department of Chemistry and Computational Research on Materials Institute (CROMIUM), The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
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NS1619-induced vasodilation is enhanced and differentially mediated in chronically hypoxic lungs. Lung 2014; 192:811-7. [PMID: 25104232 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-014-9633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the effect of the benzimidazalone derivative, NS1619, on modulating pulmonary vascular tone in lungs from rats exposed to normoxia (21% FiO2) or chronic hypoxia (10% FiO2) for three weeks. METHODS Isolated perfused lungs were preconstricted (U46619), and dose-dependent vasodilation to NS1619 was assessed. To elucidate the mechanisms responsible, NS1619 vasodilatory responses were assessed following inhibition of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated (BKCa; iberiotoxin and paxilline), L-type Ca2+ (nifedipine), K+ (tetraethylammonium), Cl- (niflumic acid), and cation/TRP (lanthanum) channels, as well as nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME). RESULTS Compared to normoxia, NS1619-induced vasodilation was significantly greater following hypoxia; however, NO-dependent vasodilation and BKCa-mediated vasodilation, in response to NS1619, were similar in the normoxic and hypoxic lungs. In contrast, direct activation of L-type Ca2+ and non-BKCa K+ channel was involved in the NS1619-induced vasodilation only in hypoxic lungs. CONCLUSIONS NS1619 causes pulmonary vasodilation by affecting multiple complementary pathways, including stimulation of NO production, activation of BKCa channels, other TEA-sensitive K+ channels, and L-type Ca2+ channels, and could be considered as a therapeutic agent in hypoxic PH.
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Store-operated Ca²⁺ entry and depolarization explain the anomalous behaviour of myometrial SR: effects of SERCA inhibition on electrical activity, Ca²⁺ and force. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:188-94. [PMID: 25084623 PMCID: PMC4169181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SERCA pump inhibition by CPA caused membrane depolarization, activation of action potentials, Ca2+ spikes and force. Depletion of Ca2+ store by agonists leads to membrane depolarization and activation of electrical and mechanical activity. Ca2+ release/Ca2+ entry coupling is playing a key role in control of spontaneous electrical and mechanical activity in rat pregnant myometrium.
In the myometrium SR Ca2+ depletion promotes an increase in force but unlike several other smooth muscles, there is no Ca2+ sparks-STOCs coupling mechanism to explain this. Given the importance of the control of contractility for successful parturition, we have examined, in pregnant rat myometrium, the effects of SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) inhibition on the temporal relationship between action potentials, Ca2+ transients and force. Simultaneous recording of electrical activity, calcium and force showed that SERCA inhibition, by cyclopiazonic acid (CPA 20 μM), caused time-dependent changes in excitability, most noticeably depolarization and elevations of baseline [Ca2+]i and force. At the onset of these changes there was a prolongation of the bursts of action potentials and a corresponding series of Ca2+ spikes, which increased the amplitude and duration of contractions. As the rise of baseline Ca2+ and depolarization continued a point was reached when electrical and Ca2+ spikes and phasic contractions ceased, and a maintained, tonic force and Ca2+ was produced. Lanthanum, a non-selective blocker of store-operated Ca2+ entry, but not the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine (1–10 μM), could abolish the maintained force and calcium. Application of the agonist, carbachol, produced similar effects to CPA, i.e. depolarization, elevation of force and calcium. A brief, high concentration of carbachol, to cause SR Ca2+ depletion without eliciting receptor-operated channel opening, also produced these results. The data obtained suggest that in pregnant rats SR Ca2+ release is coupled to marked Ca2+ entry, via store operated Ca2+ channels, leading to depolarization and enhanced electrical and mechanical activity.
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Wrzosek A. The potassium channel opener NS1619 modulates calcium homeostasis in muscle cells by inhibiting SERCA. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:14-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels has recently seen substantial progress, including the molecular identification of some of the channels. An integrative approach using genetics, electrophysiology, pharmacology, and cell biology to clarify the roles of these channels has thus become possible. It is by now clear that many of these channels are important for energy supply by the mitochondria and have a major impact on the fate of the entire cell as well. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the electrophysiological properties, molecular identity, and pathophysiological functions of the mitochondrial ion channels studied so far and to highlight possible therapeutic perspectives based on current information.
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Sánchez-Pastor E, Andrade F, Sánchez-Pastor JM, Elizalde A, Huerta M, Virgen-Ortiz A, Trujillo X, Rodríguez-Hernández A. Cannabinoid receptor type 1 activation by arachidonylcyclopropylamide in rat aortic rings causes vasorelaxation involving calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 and calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 729:100-6. [PMID: 24561046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids are key regulators of vascular tone, some of the mechanisms involved include the activation of cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2 (CB); the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1); and non-(CB(1))/non-CB2 receptors. Here, we used the potent, selective CB(1) agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) to elucidate the mechanism underlying vascular tone regulation. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy revealed that CB(1) was expressed in smooth muscle and endothelial cells in rat aorta. We performed isometric tension recordings in aortic rings that had been pre-contracted with phenylephrine. In these conditions, ACPA caused vasorelaxation in an endothelium-independent manner. To confirm that the effect of ACPA was mediated by CB(1) receptor, we repeated the experiment after blocking these receptors with a selective antagonist, AM281. In these conditions, ACPA did not cause vasorelaxation. We explored the role of K(+) channels in the effect of ACPA by applying high-K(+) solution to induce contraction in aortic rings. In these conditions, the ACPA-induced vasorelaxation was about half that observed with phenylephrine-induced contraction. Thus, K(+) channels were involved in the ACPA effect. Furthermore, the vasorelaxation effect was similarly reduced when we specifically blocked calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 (KCa1.1) (MaxiK; BKCa) prior to adding ACPA. Finally, ACPA-induced vasorelaxation was also diminished when we specifically blocked the calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (Ca(v)1.2). These results showed that ACPA activation of CB(1) in smooth muscle caused vasorelaxation of aortic rings through a mechanism involving the activation of K(Ca)1.1 and the inhibition of Ca(v)1.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sánchez-Pastor
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - F Andrade
- Instituto Tecnológico de Colima, Avenida Tecnológico No. 1, CP 28976 Villa de Álvarez, Colima, Mexico
| | - J M Sánchez-Pastor
- Instituto Tecnológico de Colima, Avenida Tecnológico No. 1, CP 28976 Villa de Álvarez, Colima, Mexico
| | - A Elizalde
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - M Huerta
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico.
| | - A Virgen-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Unidad Regional Sur, Campus Navojoa, Universidad de Sonora, Lázaro Cárdenas No. 100, Colonia Francisco Villa, CP 85800 Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico
| | - X Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio No. 965, Apdo. Postal No. 11, CP 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - A Rodríguez-Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Las Víboras, 28040 Colima, Colima, Mexico
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Sakai Y, Hashimoto M, Enkhjargal B, Mitsuishi H, Nobe H, Horie I, Iwamoto T, Yanagimoto K. Effects of Krill-derived phospholipid-enriched n-3 fatty acids on Ca(2+) regulation system in cerebral arteries from ovariectomized rats. Life Sci 2014; 100:18-24. [PMID: 24508638 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cerebral circulation, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were administered with phospholipids in krill oil (KPL) or triglycerides in fish oil (FTG); effects on the Ca(2+) regulating system in their basilar artery (BA) were then analyzed. MAIN METHODS The rats were divided into 4 groups: control, OVX, OVX given KPL (OVXP), and OVX given FTG (OVXT) orally, daily for 2weeks. Time dependent relaxation (TDR) of contractile response to 5HT in BA was determined myographically, Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) 1 mRNA expression was determined by real time PCR, and nucleotides were analyzed by HPLC. KEY FINDINGS The level of TDR in OVX that was significantly lower in the control was inhibited by l-NAME and indomethacin; TEA inhibited TDR totally in the control but only partly in OVXP and OVXT. Relaxation induced by the addition of 5mM KCl to the BA pre-contracted with 5-HT was inhibited by TEA in the controls, OVXP and OVXT, but not in OVX. Overexpression of NCX1 mRNA in the BA from OVX was significantly inhibited by FTG. The ratio of ADP/ATP in cerebral arteries from OVX was significantly inhibited by KPL and FTG. Levels of triglyceride and arachidonic acid in the plasma of OVX increased, but were significantly inhibited by KPL and FTG. SIGNIFICANCE Ovarian dysfunction affects Ca(2+) activated-, ATP-sensitive-K(+) channels and NCX1, which play crucial roles in the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. Also, KPL may become as good a supplement as FTG for postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Sakai
- Laboratory of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University, Japan.
| | - Michio Hashimoto
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Budbazar Enkhjargal
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mitsuishi
- Laboratory of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nobe
- Laboratory of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University, Japan
| | - Ichiro Horie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan
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Hoshi T, Pantazis A, Olcese R. Transduction of voltage and Ca2+ signals by Slo1 BK channels. Physiology (Bethesda) 2013; 28:172-89. [PMID: 23636263 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00055.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-conductance Ca2+ -and voltage-gated K+ channels are activated by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration and/or depolarization. The channel activation mechanism is well described by an allosteric model encompassing the gate, voltage sensors, and Ca2+ sensors, and the model is an excellent framework to understand the influences of auxiliary β and γ subunits and regulatory factors such as Mg2+. Recent advances permit elucidation of structural correlates of the biophysical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hoshi
- Department of Physiology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yan J, Chen R, Liu P, Gu Y. Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by activating the large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ currents in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 28:9-16. [PMID: 24269522 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibition of potassium (K(+)) channels plays an important role in pulmonary circulation for its close relationship with hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, is well known for its prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However the role which DHA plays in HPV remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that DHA contributes to pulmonary vascular tone by activating the large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BKCa) channels via calcium sparks. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated resistance pulmonary artery preparation was used to study the vasomotor response to DHA. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated from third- to fourth order branches of pulmonary arteries by collagenase digestion method. BKCa and the voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv) currents in PASMCs were measured by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Fluo-8 was used as a fluorescence indicator for the real-time measurement of calcium dynamics in PASMCs. DHA dilated resistance pulmonary arteries in a dose-dependent manner in hypoxic or normoxic solution, and the effects of DHA were abolished after pre-treatment with heparin (100 μg/ml), a 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) inhibitor or iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L), a specific inhibitor of BKCa channel. DHA activated BKCa channels in a dose-dependent manner, however, the activation induced by DHA was not seen in PASMCs pre-incubated with heparin. While the Kv currents decreased from 102.6 ± 5.4 to 36.5 ± 6.7 pA/pF by addition of 10 μmol/L DHA. DHA also caused calcium sparks in PASMCs. Moreover, hypoxia inhibited BKCa currents in PASMCs, but this inhibition was reversed by DHA. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that DHA is a novel BKCa opener in PASMCs, which may indicate a potential therapeutic role in HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, China
| | - Peijing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, China.
| | - Yuchun Gu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Iozzi D, Schubert R, Kalenchuk VU, Neri A, Sgaragli G, Fusi F, Saponara S. Quercetin relaxes rat tail main artery partly via a PKG-mediated stimulation of KCa 1.1 channels. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013; 208:329-39. [PMID: 23432816 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Protein kinases, activated by vasodilator substances, affect vascular function by regulating large conductance Ca(2+) -activated K(+) (KCa 1.1) channels. Thus, the aim of the present investigation was to address the hypothesis that quercetin-induced vasorelaxation is caused by a PKG-mediated stimulation of KCa 1.1 currents. METHODS Single freshly isolated myocytes and endothelium-denuded rings of the rat tail main artery were employed for electrophysiological and contractility measurements respectively. RESULTS Quercetin relaxed vessels and increased KCa 1.1 currents in a concentration-dependent manner: both effects were antagonized by the specific KCa 1.1 channel blocker iberiotoxin. Stimulation of KCa 1.1 currents was fully reversible upon drug washout, markedly reduced by Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPs, a PKG-inhibitor, but not affected by catalase. Quercetin shifted by 34.3 mV the voltage dependence of KCa 1.1 channel activation towards more negative membrane potentials without affecting its slope. Under conditions of tight functional coupling between sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release sites and KCa 1.1 channels, quercetin decreased both the frequency and the amplitude of KCa 1.1 transient currents in a ryanodine-like manner. CONCLUSION The natural flavonoid quercetin relaxes the rat tail main artery partly via a PKG-mediated stimulation of smooth muscle KC a 1.1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Iozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita; Università degli Studi di Siena; Siena; Italy
| | - R. Schubert
- Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology; Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim; University Heidelberg; Mannheim; Germany
| | | | - A. Neri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita; Università degli Studi di Siena; Siena; Italy
| | - G. Sgaragli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita; Università degli Studi di Siena; Siena; Italy
| | - F. Fusi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita; Università degli Studi di Siena; Siena; Italy
| | - S. Saponara
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita; Università degli Studi di Siena; Siena; Italy
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Vasodilator compounds derived from plants and their mechanisms of action. Molecules 2013; 18:5814-57. [PMID: 23685938 PMCID: PMC6270466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18055814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper reviews vasodilator compounds isolated from plants that were reported in the past 22 years (1990 to 2012) and the different mechanisms of action involved in their vasodilator effects. The search for reports was conducted in a comprehensive manner, intending to encompass those metabolites with a vasodilator effect whose mechanism of action involved both vascular endothelium and arterial smooth muscle. The results obtained from our bibliographic search showed that over half of the isolated compounds have a mechanism of action involving the endothelium. Most of these bioactive metabolites cause vasodilation either by activating the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway or by blocking voltage-dependent calcium channels. Moreover, it was found that many compounds induced vasodilation by more than one mechanism. This review confirms that secondary metabolites, which include a significant group of compounds with extensive chemical diversity, are a valuable source of new pharmaceuticals useful for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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da Cunha GH, de Moraes MO, Fechine FV, Frota Bezerra FA, Silveira ER, Canuto KM, de Moraes MEA. Vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects of methanolic fraction of the essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet. Vascul Pharmacol 2013; 58:337-45. [PMID: 23603277 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alpinia zerumbet is used in folk medicine in Brazil to treat hypertension. However, several pathways involved in the mechanism of vasorelaxation are still unclear. This study was designed to verify the antihypertensive effect of the methanolic fraction of the essential oil of A. zerumbet (MFEOAz) and to characterize its mechanism of action. The thoracic aortic rings from the Wistar rats were perfused in the organ chambers filled with Kreb's solution, where the tension of each ring was measured. The antihypertensive effect of MFEOAz was assessed in rats submitted to chronic hypertension by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by indirect measurement of blood pressure with indirect tail cuff method. MFEOAz relaxed phenylephrine and KCl-induced contraction of either endothelium-intact or endothelium-denuded rat aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-incubation with MFEOAz (100 and 300 μg/mL) in Ca(2+)-free Krebs solution attenuated phenylephrine- or caffeine-induced contraction. Pre-incubation with L-NAME, ODQ, wortmannin, atropine, indomethacin, catalase, SOD, TEA, 4-aminopyridine, glibenclamide, apamin, charybdotoxin, or iberiotoxin did not affect MFEOAz-induced relaxation. The intragastric administration of MFEOAz induced an antihypertensive effect. MFEOAz it seems inhibited the calcium influx via voltage-operated calcium channels and receptor-operated calcium channels, as well as inhibition of calcium mobilization from intracellular stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmara Holanda da Cunha
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo 1127, 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Zheng YM, Park SW, Stokes L, Tang Q, Xiao JH, Wang YX. Distinct activity of BK channel β1-subunit in cerebral and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C780-9. [PMID: 23426969 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00006.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to test a hypothesis that the functional activity of big-conductance, Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channels is different in cerebral and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs and PASMCs). Using patch-clamp recordings, we found that the activity of whole cell and single BK channels were significantly higher in CASMCs than in PASMCs. The voltage and Ca(2+) sensitivity of BK channels were greater in CASMCs than in PASMCs. Targeted gene knockout of β(1)-subunits significantly reduced BK currents in CASMCs but had no effect in PASMCs. Western blotting experiments revealed that BK channel α-subunit protein expression level was comparable in CASMCs and PASMCs; however, β(1)-subunit protein expression level was higher in CASMCs than in PASMCs. Inhibition of BK channels by the specific blocker iberiotoxin enhanced norepinephrine-induced increase in intracellular calcium concentration in CASMCs but not in PASMCs. Systemic artery blood pressure was elevated in β(1)(-/-) mice. In contrast, pulmonary artery blood pressure was normal in β(1)(-/-) mice. These findings provide the first evidence that the activity of BK channels is higher in cerebral than in PASMCs. This heterogeneity is primarily determined by the differential β(1)-subunit function and contributes to diverse cellular responses in these two distinct types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Min Zheng
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave., Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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Protić D, Beleslin-Čokić B, Novaković R, Kanjuh V, Heinle H, Sćepanović R, Gojković-Bukarica L. Effect of wine polyphenol resveratrol on the contractions elicited electrically or by norepinephrine in the rat portal vein. Phytother Res 2013; 27:1685-93. [PMID: 23296904 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of resveratrol on rat portal vein (RPV) contractility without endothelium. Contractions were produced by electrical field stimulation of perivascular nerves (EFS), norepinephrine (NE), adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), high K(+) solution and by calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) in Ca(2+) -free and high K(+) , Ca(2+) -free solution. The EFS-evoked contractions were more sensitive to resveratrol and to NS1619-selective openers of big calcium-sensitive (BKCa ) channels, than NE-evoked contractions. Effects of resveratrol on the ATP-evoked contractions were weak. Blockers of BKCa channels partly inhibited the effect of resveratrol only in EFS-contracted preparations. Western blotting showed that RPV expressed KCa 1.1 protein. Inhibitors of ATP- and voltage-sensitive K(+) channels did not modify the effects of resveratrol. None of the antagonists of K(+) channels affected the resveratrol inhibition of NE-evoked contractions and effect of high concentrations of resveratrol on the EFS-evoked contractions. Resveratrol more potently inhibited CaCl2 than potassium chloride contractions of RPV. Thus, BKCa channels partly mediate the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the neurogenic contractions of RPV. The smooth muscle Ca(2+) channels and/or Ca(2+) mobilizing through cells might be involved in the effects of resveratrol on the contractility of RPV. Our results are important for better understanding the impact of resveratrol on the portal circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Protić
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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