1
|
Liu YB, Arystarkhova E, Sacino AN, Szabari MV, Lutz CM, Terrey M, Morsci NS, Jakobs TC, Lykke-Hartmann K, Brashear A, Napoli E, Sweadner KJ. Phenotype Distinctions in Mice Deficient in the Neuron-Specific α3 Subunit of Na,K-ATPase: Atp1a3 tm1Ling/+ and Atp1a3 +/D801Y. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0101-24.2024. [PMID: 39111836 PMCID: PMC11360364 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0101-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP1A3 is a Na,K-ATPase gene expressed specifically in neurons in the brain. Human mutations are dominant and produce an unusually wide spectrum of neurological phenotypes, most notably rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) and alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). Here we compared heterozygotes of two mouse lines, a line with little or no expression (Atp1a3tm1Ling/+) and a knock-in expressing p.Asp801Tyr (D801Y, Atp1a3 +/D801Y). Both mouse lines had normal lifespans, but Atp1a3 +/D801Y had mild perinatal mortality contrasting with D801N mice (Atp1a3 +/D801N), which had high mortality. The phenotypes of Atp1a3tm1Ling/+ and Atp1a3 +/D801Y were different, and testing of each strain was tailored to its symptom range. Atp1a3tm1Ling/+ mice displayed little at baseline, but repeated ethanol intoxication produced hyperkinetic motor abnormalities not seen in littermate controls. Atp1a3 +/D801Y mice displayed robust phenotypes: hyperactivity, diminished posture consistent with hypotonia, and deficiencies in beam walk and wire hang tests. Symptoms also included qualitative motor abnormalities that are not well quantified by conventional tests. Paradoxically, Atp1a3 +/D801Y showed sustained better performance than wild type on the accelerating rotarod. Atp1a3 +/D801Y mice were overactive in forced swimming and afterward had intense shivering, transient dystonic postures, and delayed recovery. Remarkably, Atp1a3 +/D801Y mice were refractory to ketamine anesthesia, which elicited hyperactivity and dyskinesia even at higher dose. Neither mouse line exhibited fixed dystonia (typical of RDP patients), spontaneous paroxysmal weakness (typical of AHC patients), or seizures but had consistent, measurable neurological abnormalities. A gradient of variation supports the importance of studying multiple Atp1a3 mutations in animal models to understand the roles of this gene in human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Bessie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Elena Arystarkhova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Amanda N Sacino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Margit V Szabari
- Department Anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | | | | | | | - Tatjana C Jakobs
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | | | - Allison Brashear
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Elenora Napoli
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817
| | - Kathleen J Sweadner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zoicas I, Licht C, Mühle C, Kornhuber J. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for depressive-like symptoms in rodent animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105726. [PMID: 38762128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) emerged as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Both preclinical and clinical studies as well as systematic reviews provide a heterogeneous picture, particularly concerning the stimulation protocols used in rTMS. Here, we present a review of rTMS effects in rodent models of depressive-like symptoms with the aim to identify the most relevant factors that lead to an increased therapeutic success. The influence of different factors, such as the stimulation parameters (stimulus frequency and intensity, duration of stimulation, shape and positioning of the coil), symptom severity and individual characteristics (age, species and genetic background of the rodents), on the therapeutic success are discussed. Accumulating evidence indicates that rTMS ameliorates a multitude of depressive-like symptoms in rodent models, most effectively at high stimulation frequencies (≥5 Hz) especially in adult rodents with a pronounced pathological phenotype. The therapeutic success of rTMS might be increased in the future by considering these factors and using more standardized stimulation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Christiane Licht
- Paracelsus Medical University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, Nürnberg 90419, Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guldager MB, Chaves Filho AM, Biojone C, Joca S. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 177:251-293. [PMID: 39029987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating condition affecting a significant portion of the global population. Traditional treatment for MDD has primarily involved drugs that increase brain monoamines by inhibiting their uptake or metabolism, which is the basis for the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression. However, these treatments are only partially effective, with many patients experiencing delayed responses, residual symptoms, or complete non-response, rendering the current view of the hypothesis as reductionist. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising results in preclinical models and human studies. Its mechanism is not well-understood, but may involve monoamine and endocannabinoid signaling, control of neuroinflammation and enhanced neuroplasticity. This chapter will explore CBD's effects in preclinical and clinical studies, its molecular mechanisms, and its potential as a treatment for MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Bock Guldager
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Biojone
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin R, Zhang K, Li Y, Tang Z, Zheng R, Ma Y, Chen Z, Lei N, Xiong L, Guo P, Li G, Xie Y. Lipopolysaccharide-induced depression-like model in mice: meta-analysis and systematic evaluation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181973. [PMID: 37359525 PMCID: PMC10285697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex and biologically heterogeneous disorder. Recent studies have shown that central nervous system (CNS) inflammation plays a key role in the development of depression. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression-like model in mice is commonly used to studying the mechanisms of inflammation-associated depression and the therapeutic effects of drugs. Numerous LPS-induced depression-like models in mice exist and differ widely in animal characteristics and methodological parameters. Here, we systematically reviewed studies on PubMed from January 2017 to July 2022 and performed cardinal of 170 studies and meta-analyses of 61 studies to support finding suitable animal models for future experimental studies on inflammation-associated depression. Mouse strains, LPS administration, and behavioral outcomes of these models have been assessed. In the meta-analysis, forced swimming test (FST) was used to evaluate the effect size of different mouse strains and LPS doses. The results revealed large effect sizes in ICR and Swiss mice, but less heterogeneity in C57BL/6 mice. For LPS intraperitoneal dose, the difference did not affect behavioral outcomes in C57BL/6 mice. However, in ICR mice, the most significant effect on behavioral outcomes was observed after the injection of 0.5 mg/kg LPS. Our results suggests that mice strains and LPS administration play a key role in the evaluation of behavioral outcomes in such models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Kailing Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yingming Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zilei Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ruiyu Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Basic Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zonghan Chen
- Academic Affairs Department, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Na Lei
- Basic Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Aromatic Chinese Herb Research, Yunnan Provincial University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Innovation Team of Application Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory of Disease Prevention, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Peixin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aromatic Chinese Herb Research, Yunnan Provincial University, Kunming, China
- College of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Gang Li
- Basic Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Aromatic Chinese Herb Research, Yunnan Provincial University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuhuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Aromatic Chinese Herb Research, Yunnan Provincial University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Innovation Team of Application Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory of Disease Prevention, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Silote GP, Gatto MC, Eskelund A, Guimarães FS, Wegener G, Joca SRL. Strain-, Sex-, and Time-Dependent Antidepressant-like Effects of Cannabidiol. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1269. [PMID: 34959670 PMCID: PMC8709491 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating compound extracted from Cannabis sativa, showing antidepressant-like effects in different rodent models. However, inconsistent results have been described depending on the species and the strain used to assess depressive-like behavior. Moreover, only a few studies investigated the effect of CBD in female rodents. Therefore, we aimed to (i) investigate the effects of CBD in two different strains of mice (Swiss and C57BL/6) and a rat model of depression based on selective breeding (Flinders Sensitive and Resistant Lines, FSL and FRL) subjected to tests predictive of antidepressant-like effects and (ii) investigate the influence of sex in the effects of CBD in both mice and rats. CBD induced an antidepressant-like effect in male Swiss but not in female Swiss or C57BL/6 mice in the tail suspension test (TST). In male FSL rats, CBD produced an antidepressant-like effect 1 h post injection. However, in female FSL, CBD induced a bimodal effect, increasing the immobility time at 1 h and decreasing it at 2 h. In conclusion, strain, sex, and administration time affect CBD's behavioral response to rodents exposed to tests predictive of antidepressant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela P. Silote
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (G.P.S.); (M.C.G.)
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Michelle C. Gatto
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (G.P.S.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Amanda Eskelund
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Francisco S. Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Sâmia R. L. Joca
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (G.P.S.); (M.C.G.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maiolati M, Tarmati V, Latagliata C, Cabib S, Orsini C. Opposite genotype-specific effects of serotoninergic treatments on Pavlovian Conditioned Approach in mice of two inbred strains C57 BL/6J and DBA/2J. Behav Pharmacol 2021; 32:392-403. [PMID: 33709985 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Individual variability in the response to pharmacological therapies is a major problem in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Comparative studies of phenotypes expressed by mice of the C57BL/6J (C57) and DBA/2J (DBA) inbred strains can help identify neurobiological determinants of this variability at preclinical levels. We have recently demonstrated that whereas young adult mice of both strains develop sign-tracking in a Pavlovian Conditioned Approach (PCA), a trait associated with dysfunctional behavior in rat models, in full adult C57 mice acquisition of this phenotype is inhibited by pre-frontal cortical (PFC) serotonin (5HT) transmission. These findings suggest a different role of 5HT transmission on sign-tracking development in mice of the two genotypes. In the present experiments, we tested the effects of the 5-HT synthesis booster 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and of the selective 5HT reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine on the development and expression of sign-tracking in young adult mice from both inbred strains. In mice of the C57 strain, administration of 5-HTP before each training session blocked the training-induced shift to positive PCA scores which indicates the development of sign-tracking, whereas the same treatment was ineffective in mice of DBA strain. On the other hand, a single administration of fluoxetine was ineffective in unhandled saline- and 5-HTP-treated C57 mice, whereas it enhanced the expression of positive PCA scores by mice of DBA strain treated with 5-HTP during training. These findings confirm the strain-specific inhibitory role of PFC 5-HT transmission on sign-tracking development by mice of the C57 strain and support the hypothesis that different genotype-specific neurobiological substrates of dysfunctional phenotypes contribute to variable effects of pharmacotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Maiolati
- PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza"
| | - Valeria Tarmati
- PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza"
| | | | - Simona Cabib
- IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Department of Experimental Neurosciences
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Orsini
- IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Department of Experimental Neurosciences
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Armario A. The forced swim test: Historical, conceptual and methodological considerations and its relationship with individual behavioral traits. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:74-86. [PMID: 34118295 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The forced swim test (FST), developed by Porsolt and collaborators in 1977 to evaluate antidepressant (AD) treatments in rodents, has become extensively used for this purpose and to evaluate depression-like states. Despite its popularity, studies have raised important concerns regarding its theoretical and predictive validity. In my view and that of others, the FST mainly evaluates coping strategies in an inescapable situation. Although it is reasonable to assume that ADs act favoring active coping whereas negative affective states would favor passive coping, this does not mean that only ADs should enhance active coping or that a depression state has developed, respectively. Given its simplicity, proper interpretation of the FST behavior is critically dependent on how FST behavior relates to other behavioral traits. Unfortunately, this issue has been poorly discussed previously. Then, the present review, using a historical perspective, offers information needed to better understand the meaning and limitations of the FST, discusses critical methodological aspects and analyzes the relationship of FST behavior with classical behavioral traits in rodents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Armario
- Institut de Neurociències, Animal Physiology Unit (Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology), Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Campus Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aziz MAI, Barua N, Tareq AM, Alam N, Prova RJ, Mamun MN, Sayeed MA, Chowdhury MAU, Emran TB. Possible neuropharmacological effects of Adenia trilobata (Roxb.) in the Swiss albino mice model. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Known colloquially as akandaphal in Bangladesh, Adenia trilobata has some traditional uses. Its leaves and stems are extracted with pure methanol (MEATL, MEATS) and fractioned by n-hexane (NFATL, NFATS). The in vivo anxiolytic activity was evaluated by elevated plus maze (EPM) testing and hole-board test (HBT), whilst the locomotor activity was examined using the open-field test (OFT) and hole-cross test (HCT) and the antidepressant activity was assessed with the forced swimming test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST).
Results
Regarding the anxiolytic activity, the 400-mg/kg doses of MEATL, NFATL, MEATS and NFATS exhibited maximum percentages of entry into the open arm of 33.85%, 32.23%, 30.06% and 41.84%, respectively, compare with the diazepam (69.33%). During HBT, MEATL (400 mg/kg) and NFATL (400 mg/kg) demonstrated 51.67 ± 0.88 and 57.67 ± 3.18 instances of head-dipping relative to diazepam (64.33 ± 3.16), whilst the locomotor activity showed a dose-dependent reduction in square movements and number of hole crossings. During FST and TST, the NFATL (400 mg/kg) exhibited rates of 43.32% and 57.71% time spent immobile, whilst fluoxetine experienced rates of 54.79% and 55.74%.
Conclusion
Adenia trilobata could be a potential component for the treatment of neuropharmacological defects. Further study is required.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nega S, Marquez P, Hamid A, Ahmad SM, Lutfy K. The role of pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide in affective signs of nicotine withdrawal. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1549-1560. [PMID: 32476165 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence implicates endogenous pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the aversive effect of nicotine. In the present study, we assessed if nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) or affective signs of nicotine withdrawal would be altered in the absence of PACAP and if there were any sex-related differences in these responses. Male and female mice lacking PACAP and their wild-type controls were tested for baseline place preference on day 1, received conditioning with saline or nicotine (1 mg/kg) on alternate days for 6 days and were then tested for CPP the next day. Mice were then exposed to four additional conditioning and were tested again for nicotine-induced CPP 24 hr later. Controls were conditioned with saline in both chambers and tested similarly. All mice were then, 96 hr later, challenged with mecamylamine (3 mg/kg), and tested for anxiety-like behaviors 30 min later. Mice were then, 2 hr later, forced to swim for 15 min and then tested for depression-like behaviors 24 hr later. Our results showed that male but not female mice lacking PACAP expressed a significant CPP that was comparable to their wild-type controls. In contrast, male but not female mice lacking PACAP exhibited reduced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors compared to their wild-type controls following the mecamylamine challenge. These results suggest that endogenous PACAP is involved in affective signs of nicotine withdrawal, but there is a sex-related difference in this response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiromani Nega
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Paul Marquez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Abdul Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Syed Muzzammil Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Kabirullah Lutfy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nomura A, Noto D, Murayama G, Chiba A, Miyake S. Unique primed status of microglia under the systemic autoimmune condition of lupus-prone mice. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:303. [PMID: 31888754 PMCID: PMC6936062 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of various autoantibodies. This disease causes disabling neuropsychiatric symptoms even in the absence of apparent inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), but the mechanisms involved remain unknown. Innate immune-mediated inflammation has attracted attention as a pathogenic mechanism in neuropsychiatric diseases. METHODS We investigated the CNS of lupus-prone mice focusing on innate immunity. Three strains of lupus-prone mice, FcγRIIB-/-Yaa, an F1 hybrid of NZB and NZW (NZB/NZW) mice, and MRL/Faslpr (MRL/lpr) mice were used to analyze CNS immunopathology. RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated the numbers of brain CD45+ cells were increased compared with controls in lupus-prone mice. Upregulation of MHC class I and PDCA1 was observed in microglia and CD11b+ myeloid cells of lupus-prone mice, indicating they were activated in response to interferons (IFN). Microglial gene expression analysis of FcγRIIB-/-Yaa mice revealed the upregulation of IFN-responsive genes and inflammation-related genes including Axl, Clec7a, and Itgax, which were previously reported in neurodegenerative conditions and primed conditions. Upregulated chemokine gene expressions including Ccl5 and Cxcl10 were concurrent with increased numbers of T cells and monocytes, especially Ly6Clo monocytes in the CNS. Upregulation of Axl, Clec7a, Itgax, Ccl5, and Cxcl10 was also observed in NZB/NZW mice, indicating common lupus pathology. The primed status of microglia in FcγRIIB-/-Yaa mice was also demonstrated by morphological changes such as enlarged cell bodies with hypertrophic processes, and hyperreactivity to lipopolysaccharide. Immunohistochemistry of FcγRIIB-/-Yaa mice indicated reactive responses of astrocytes and vascular endothelium. Behavioral studies of FcγRIIB-/-Yaa mice revealed depressive-like behavior and heat hyperalgesia in the forced swim test and the tail-flick test, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that microglia in lupus exhibit a unique primed phenotype characterized by the upregulated expressions of neurodegeneration-related genes and IFN-responsive genes. Interaction with peripheral cells and brain resident cells was presumed to orchestrate neuroinflammation. Targeting innate immune cells, such as microglia and monocytes, may be a promising therapeutic approach for neuropsychiatric SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nomura
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noto
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Goh Murayama
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Chiba
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
de Oliveira RL, Voss GT, Paltian JJ, Pinz MP, Torres MLCP, Moreira MP, Dilelio MC, Silveira CC, Wilhelm EA, Luchese C. Contribution of serotonergic and nitrergic pathways, as well as monoamine oxidase-a and Na +, K +-ATPase enzymes in antidepressant-like action of ((4-tert-butylcyclohexylidene) methyl) (4-methoxystyryl) sulfide (BMMS). Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1313-1324. [PMID: 31177357 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated a possible antidepressant-like effect of ((4-tert-butylcyclohexylidene)methyl) (4-methoxystyryl) sulfide (BMMS) by using the forced swimming test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST) in Swiss mice. The contribution of serotoninergic, glutamatergic and nitrergic systems in the antidepressant-like activity of BMMS was evaluated. We also examined the involvement of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A, MAO-B and Na+, K+-ATPase activities in prefrontal cortex of mice. BMMS, (0.1-10 mg/kg, intragastrically (i.g.)) and fluoxetine (32 mg/kg, i.g.) decreased the immobility time in the FST and TST. The anti-immobility effect of BMMS (10 mg/kg, i.g.) in the TST was prevented by the pretreatment of mice with WAY100635 (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.), a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist), ketanserin (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.), a 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist), and partially blocked by ondansetron (1 mg/kg, i.p., a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist). The anti-immobility effect of BMMS (10 mg / kg, i.g.) was not avoided by pretreatment with MK-801 (0.01 mg/kg, s.c. a non-competitive N-methyl D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor) in the TST. Pretreatment with L-arginine (500 mg/kg, i.p., a nitric oxide precursor) reversed partially the reduction in the immobility time elicited by BMMS (10 mg/kg, i.g.) in TST. BMMS altered Na+,K+-ATPase and MAO-A activities in prefrontal cortex of mice, but was not able to change the MAO-B activity. In conclusion, BMMS exerted an antidepressant-like effect in mice and serotonergic and nitrergic systems are involved in the antidepressant-like action of compound. BMMS modulated MAO-A and Na+, K+- ATPase activities in prefrontal cortex of mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata L de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme T Voss
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Jaini J Paltian
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Mikaela P Pinz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Marina Laura C P Torres
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Michele P Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97010-032, Brazil
| | - Marina C Dilelio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Claudio C Silveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ethel A Wilhelm
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Adelöf J, Ross JM, Lazic SE, Zetterberg M, Wiseman J, Hernebring M. Conclusions from a behavioral aging study on male and female F2 hybrid mice on age-related behavior, buoyancy in water-based tests, and an ethical method to assess lifespan. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7150-7168. [PMID: 31509518 PMCID: PMC6756906 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to strain-specific behavioral idiosyncrasies, inbred mouse strains are suboptimal research models for behavioral aging studies. The aim of this study is to determine age-related behavioral changes of F2 hybrid C57BL/6NxBALB/c male and female mice. Lifespan was followed (nmales=48, nfemales=51) and cohorts of mature adult (7 months), middle-aged (15 months), and old mice (22 months of age; n=7-12 per group) were assessed regarding open-field activity, exploration, passive avoidance learning/memory, and depressive-like behavior. We found that both males and females demonstrated decreased exploratory behavior with age, while memory and depressive-like behavior were maintained. Females exhibited enhanced depressive-like behavior compared to males; however, a correlation between fat mass and swimming activity in the test directly accounted for 30-46% of this behavioral sex difference. In addition, we suggest a method to qualitatively estimate natural lifespan from survival analyses in which animals with signs of pain or severe disease are euthanized. This is, to our knowledge, the first behavioral study to consider both sex and aging in hybrid mice. We here define decreased exploratory behavior as a conserved hallmark of aging independent of sex, highlight the effect of buoyancy in water tests, and provide a method to assay lifespan with reduced animal suffering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Adelöf
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden.,Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal 43153, Sweden
| | - Jaime M Ross
- Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
| | - Stanley E Lazic
- Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK.,Current address: Prioris.ai Inc., Ottawa K2P 2N2, Canada
| | - Madeleine Zetterberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - John Wiseman
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal 43153, Sweden
| | - Malin Hernebring
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden.,Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal 43153, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Samal J, Rebelo AL, Pandit A. A window into the brain: Tools to assess pre-clinical efficacy of biomaterials-based therapies on central nervous system disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:68-145. [PMID: 30710594 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic conveyance into the brain is a cardinal requirement for treatment of diverse central nervous system (CNS) disorders and associated pathophysiology. Effectual shielding of the brain by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) sieves out major proportion of therapeutics with the exception of small lipophilic molecules. Various nano-delivery systems (NDS) provide an effective solution around this obstacle owing to their small size and targeting properties. To date, these systems have been used for several pre-clinical disease models including glioma, neurodegenerative diseases and psychotic disorders. An efficacy screen for these systems involves a test battery designed to probe into the multiple facets of therapeutic delivery. Despite their wide application in redressing various disease targets, the efficacy evaluation strategies for all can be broadly grouped into four modalities, namely: histological, bio-imaging, molecular and behavioural. This review presents a comprehensive insight into all of these modalities along with their strengths and weaknesses as well as perspectives on an ideal design for a panel of tests to screen brain nano-delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Samal
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ana Lucia Rebelo
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li Y, Zu Y, Li X, Zhao S, Ou F, Li L, Zhang X, Wang W, He T, Liang Y, Sun X, Tang M. Acute corticosterone treatment elicits antidepressant-like actions on the hippocampal 5-HT and the immobility phenotype. Brain Res 2019; 1714:166-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
15
|
Bahi A, Dreyer JL. Dopamine transporter (DAT) knockdown in the nucleus accumbens improves anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in adult mice. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:104-115. [PMID: 30367968 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated a strong comorbidity between anxiety and depression, and a number of experimental studies indicates that the dopamine transporter (DAT) is involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety and depression. However, studies using laboratory animals have yielded inconclusive results. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of DAT manipulation on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice. For this purpose, animals were stereotaxically injected with DAT siRNA-expressing lentiviral vectors (siDAT) in the caudate putamen (CPu) or in the nucleus accumbens (Nacc) and the behavioral outcomes were assessed using the open-field (OF), elevated-plus maze (EPM), light-dark box (LDB), sucrose preference (SPT), novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), and forced-swim (FST) tests. The results showed that in the Nacc, but not in the CPu, siDAT increased the time spent at the center of the arena and decreased the number of fecal boli in the OF test. In the EPM and LDB tests, Nacc siDAT injection increased the entries and time spent on open arms, and increased the time spent in the light side of the box, respectively, suggesting an anxiolytic-like activity. In addition, siDAT, in the Nacc, induced significant antidepressant-like effects, evidenced by increased sucrose preference, shorter latency to feed in the NSF test, and decreased immobility time in the FST. Most importantly, Pearson's test clearly showed significant correlations between DAT mRNA in the Nacc with anxiety and depression parameters. Overall, these results suggest that low DAT levels, in the Nacc, might act as protective factors against anxiety and depression. Therefore, targeting DAT activity might be a very attractive approach to tackle affective disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amine Bahi
- Department of Anatomy, Tawam Medical Campus, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Jean-Luc Dreyer
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mori M, Tsutsui-Kimura I, Mimura M, Tanaka KF. 5-HT 3 antagonists decrease discounting rate without affecting sensitivity to reward magnitude in the delay discounting task in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2619-2629. [PMID: 29955899 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Impulsive choice has often been evaluated in rodents according to the proportion of choices for the delayed large magnitude reinforcer (%large choice) in a delay-discounting task (DDT). However, because %large choice is influenced by both sensitivity to reinforcer magnitude and sensitivity to delayed reinforcement (i.e., discounting rate), distinctively evaluating such discounting parameters represents a critical issue demanding methods to determine each parameter in rats. The serotonin (5-HT) system is well known to be involved in impulsive choice; nevertheless, only a few studies have distinguished discounting parameters and investigated how 5-HT modulators affect discounting rate. OBJECTIVE Here, we performed a discounting parameter analysis in mice and examined the effects of various 5-HT modulators on discounting rate. METHODS We set up DDTs with different delay schedules to determine which schedule could address delay-discounting rates in mice. We examined the effect of the following drugs on impulsive choice: a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (paroxetine), a 5-HT1A receptor agonist (8-OH-DPAT), and two 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (granisetron and ondansetron). RESULTS Mice showed typical delay discounting at the shorter delay schedules (up to 4 s delay). The %large choice under shorter, but not longer, schedules followed an exponential function and allowed us to derive discounting rates. We selected a DDT with a 4-s delay schedule for further experiments. Granisetron and ondansetron, but not paroxetine or 8-OH-DPAT, decreased discounting rates without affecting sensitivity to reinforcer magnitude. CONCLUSION We found that a method to calculate discounting rates in rats is also applicable to mouse models. We also provided evidence that 5-HT3 antagonism controls impulsive choice in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Iku Tsutsui-Kimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. .,Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. .,JSPS Overseas Research Fellow, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to replicate previously published experiments and to modify the protocol to detect the effects of chronic antidepressant treatment in mice. METHODS Male Swiss mice (n=6-8/group) housed in reversed light/dark cycle were randomly assigned into receive vehicle (10% sucrose), sub-effective doses (1 and 3 mg/kg) or effective doses (10 and 30 mg/kg) of bupropion, desipramine, and fluoxetine and a candidate antidepressant, sodium butyrate (1-30 mg/kg) per gavage (p.o.) 1 h before the forced swim test (FST). Treatments continued daily for 7 and 14 days during retests 1 and 2, respectively. In an additional experiment, mice received fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) or vehicle (10% sucrose or 0.9% saline) p.o. or i.p. before the FST. Mice housed in reversed or standard light/dark cycles received fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) prior FST. Video recordings of behavioural testing were used for blind assessment of the outcomes. RESULTS According to the expected, doses of antidepressants considered sub-effective failed to affect the immobility time of mice in the FST. Surprisingly, acute and chronic treatment with the high doses of bupropion, desipramine, and fluoxetine or sodium butyrate also failed to reduce the immobility time of mice in the FST. Fluoxetine 20 mg/kg was also ineffective in the FST when injected i.p. or in mice housed in normal light/dark cycle. CONCLUSION Data suggest the lack of efficacy of orally administered bupropion, desipramine, fluoxetine in the FST in Swiss mice. High variability, due to high and low immobility mice, may explain the limited effects of the treatments.
Collapse
|
18
|
da Silva WAM, Guimarães ATB, Montalvão MF, Mendes BDO, Rodrigues ASDL, Malafaia G. The chronic exposure to abamectin causes spatial memory deficit and depressive behavior in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:523-533. [PMID: 29241126 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is known that abamectin (ABA), which is a component belonging to the group of avermectins, has been broadly used as biopesticide. Although its effect on non-target aquatic organisms is known, knowledge about its impacts on terrestrial animals such as mammals remains incipient. Thus, we aim at investigating the effects (phycical and neural-behavioral) from the chronic exposure (90 days) to ABA (1/10 of LD50) on Swiss and C57Bl/6J mice from both sexes. Accordingly, at the end of the experimental period the animals were subjected to the following tests: Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Tail Suspension Test (TST), and Forced Swimming Test (FST). We showed that the new-object recognition indexes in the NORT test sessions did not differ between experimental groups; however, animals exposed to ABA, regardless of sex or strain, recorded longer latency time to find the quadrant holding the platform in the MWM training sessions, as well as stayed shorter in this quadrant. Such results highlight the negative effect of the pesticide on the animals' spatial memory evocation, without evident influence from their genetic status and sex. With regard to TST, we also did not observe differences in immobility time between groups; however, Swiss mice (males and females) presented depressive behavior in the FST, and apparent influence from their genetic status in their responses during the test. Therefore, our study confirms the neurotoxic potential of ABA and is pioneer in reporting memory deficit and depressive behavior in mammal experimental models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Alves Mizael da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Mateus Flores Montalvão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Oliveira Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McGinnis GJ, Friedman D, Young KH, Torres ERS, Thomas CR, Gough MJ, Raber J. Neuroinflammatory and cognitive consequences of combined radiation and immunotherapy in a novel preclinical model. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9155-9173. [PMID: 27893434 PMCID: PMC5354722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer patients often report behavioral and cognitive changes following cancer treatment. These effects can be seen in patients who have not yet received treatment or have received only peripheral (non-brain) irradiation. Novel treatments combining radiotherapy (RT) and immunotherapy (IT) demonstrate remarkable efficacy with respect to tumor outcomes by enhancing the proinflammatory environment in the tumor. However, a proinflammatory environment in the brain mediates cognitive impairments in other neurological disorders and may affect brain function in cancer patients receiving these novel treatments. Currently, gaps exist as to whether these treatments impact the brain in individuals with or without tumors and with regard to the underlying mechanisms. Results Combined treatment with precision RT and checkpoint inhibitor IT achieved control of tumor growth. However, BALB/c mice receiving combined treatment demonstrated changes in measures of anxiety levels, regardless of tumor status. C57BL/6J mice with tumors demonstrated increased anxiety, except following combined treatment. Object recognition memory was impaired in C57BL/6J mice without tumors following combined treatment. All mice with tumors showed impaired object recognition, except those treated with RT alone. Mice with tumors demonstrated impaired amygdala-dependent cued fear memory, while maintaining hippocampus-dependent context fear memory. These behavioral alterations and cognitive impairments were accompanied by increased microglial activation in mice receiving immunotherapy alone or combined with RT. Finally, based on tumor status, there were significant changes in proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-5, IL-2, IL-10) and a growth factor (FGF-basic). Materials and Methods Here we test the hypothesis that IT combined with peripheral RT have detrimental behavioral and cognitive effects as a result of an enhanced proinflammatory environment in the brain. BALB/c mice with or without injected hind flank CT26 colorectal carcinoma or C57BL/6J mice with or without Lewis Lung carcinoma were used for all experiments. Checkpoint inhibitor IT, using an anti-CTLA-4 antibody, and precision CT-guided peripheral RT alone and combined were used to closely model clinical treatment. We assessed behavioral and cognitive performance and investigated the immune environment using immunohistochemistry and multiplex assays to analyze proinflammatory mediators. Conclusions Although combined treatment achieved tumor growth control, it affected the brain and induced changes in measures of anxiety, cognitive impairments, and neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn J McGinnis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - David Friedman
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR
| | - Kristina H Young
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR
| | - Eileen Ruth S Torres
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Charles R Thomas
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Michael J Gough
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, OR
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Metabolic profile associated with distinct behavioral coping strategies of 129Sv and Bl6 mice in repeated motility test. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3405. [PMID: 29467440 PMCID: PMC5821849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the metabolic outcome of different coping strategies in 129S6/SvEvTac (129Sv) and C57BL/6Ntac (Bl6) strains. Two different batches of male 129Sv and Bl6 mice were used. One batch was not subjected to any behavioral manipulations (home cage control; HCC), whereas the other batch was treated with saline for 11 days and exposed after every treatment to the motor activity measurement (repeated motility tested; RMT). Bl6 RMT mice displayed a robust increase in number of rearings during repeated testing. 129Sv RMT mice experienced significant loss of body weight, but showed enhanced weight gain in HCC batch compared to Bl6. Serum metabolites (acylcarnitines, amino acids, biogenic amines, hexoses, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids) were determined with AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit. Results of the metabolomic study revealed prominent peculiarities between strains in two different conditions. Comparison of both batches of mice demonstrated that in Bl6 biogenic amines (acetyl-ornithine, alpha-amionadipic acid, carnosine) and lysophosphatidylcholine PC(16:1/0:0) dominated. However in 129Sv acylcarnitine C5 clearly dominated, indicating shift towards short-chain acylcarnitines. Stable strain-specific ratios also emerged for both lines, ratio of glycine/PC ae C38:2 for Bl6 and ratios of C5/C0 as well as PC(16:0/0:0)/PC(16:1/0:0) for 129Sv. The described metabolic changes probably reflect different behavioral coping strategies of 129Sv and Bl6 mice.
Collapse
|
21
|
de Souza JM, Mendes BDO, Guimarães ATB, Rodrigues ASDL, Chagas TQ, Rocha TL, Malafaia G. Zinc oxide nanoparticles in predicted environmentally relevant concentrations leading to behavioral impairments in male swiss mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 613-614:653-662. [PMID: 28938207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the potential neurotoxic effects from the exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on humans and on experimental models have been reported in previous studies, the effects from the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of them remain unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effects from the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of ZnO NPs on the behavior of male Swiss mice. The animals were daily exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of ZnO NPs (5.625×10-5mgkg-1) at toxic level (300mgkg-1) through intraperitoneal injection for five days; a control group was set for comparison purposes. Positive control groups (clonazepam and fluoxetine) and a baseline group were included in the experimental design to help analyzing the behavioral tests (open field, elevated plus maze and forced swim tests). Although we did not observe any behavioral change in the animals subjected to the elevated plus maze and forced swim tests, our data evidence the anxiogenic behavior of animals exposed to the two herein tested ZnO NPs concentrations in the open field test. The animals stayed in the central part of the apparatus and presented lower locomotion ratio in the central quadrants/total of locomotion during this test. It indicates that the anxiogenic behavior was induced by ZnO NP exposure, because it leads to Zn accumulation in the brain. Thus, the current study is the first to demonstrate that the predicted environmentally relevant ZnO NPs concentration induces behavioral changes in mammalian experimental models. Our results corroborate previous studies that have indicated the biological risks related to the water surface contamination by metal-based nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Moreira de Souza
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campos, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Oliveira Mendes
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campos, GO, Brazil
| | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campos, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campos, GO, Brazil
| | - Thales Quintão Chagas
- Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campos, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil; Biological Sciences Department, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Animal Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás - Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Antidepressant-Like Effect of Lipid Extract of Channa striatus in Postpartum Model of Depression in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1469209. [PMID: 29317891 PMCID: PMC5727658 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1469209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum depression affects 15% of women. Channa striatus, a freshwater fish, is consumed in local Malay population as a rejuvenating diet during postpartum period. This study evaluated the antidepressant-like effect of lipid extract of C. striatus fillet and its mechanism of action in female Sprague-Dawley rats in postpartum model of depression. The rats were ovariectomized and treated with high dose of progesterone and estradiol benzoate for 23 days to have hormone-simulated pregnancy. The day 24 and afterwards were considered as the postpartum period. During the postpartum period, lipid extract was administered at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg through intraperitoneal route for 15 days. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) was used as the positive control. On postpartum day 15, the animals were tested in forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT) followed by biochemical analysis. Withdrawal of hormone administration during the postpartum period induced depressive-like behavior in FST. Administration of lipid extract reversed that depressive-like behavior at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg in FST. In OFT, it decreased the exploratory activity. The mechanism of the antidepressant-like effect may be mediated through the decrease in plasma corticosterone, increase in plasma oxytocin, and decrease in nuclear factor-kappa B in prefrontal cortex of rats.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kara NZ, Stukalin Y, Einat H. Revisiting the validity of the mouse forced swim test: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of prototypic antidepressants. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 84:1-11. [PMID: 29128579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
One problem area regarding animal models for affective disorders is unclear reproducibility, including external validity or generalizability. One way to evaluate external validity is with systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The current study presents a meta-analysis of the effects of prototypic antidepressants in the mouse forced swim test (FST). We identified studies that examined effects of antidepressants in the FST in mice and used standard protocol, male mice and acute drug administration. We calculated Effect sizes using Cohen's d, homogeneity using Q statistic and correlations using Pearson's correlation. Results indicate that all drugs reduce immobility in the FST. However, effect sizes for most drugs are heterogeneous and do not show a consistent dose/response relationship across variability factors. Reducing variability by examining only one strain or data from individual laboratories partially increases dose response relationship. These findings suggest that whereas the FST is a valid tool to qualitatively screen antidepressant effects its validity in the context of hierarchical comparison between doses or compounds might be relevant only to single experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Z Kara
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College, Israel; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | - Y Stukalin
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College, Israel
| | - H Einat
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College, Israel; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mouse strain differences in SSRI sensitivity correlate with serotonin transporter binding and function. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8631. [PMID: 28819255 PMCID: PMC5561191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) bind 5-HT transporters, leading to the accumulation of 5-HT and amelioration of depression. Although different mouse strains show varying sensitivity to SSRIs in mouse models of depression, the underlying mechanism of these strain differences remains unclear. Here, the SSRI citalopram dose-dependently reduced immobility time in both the FST and TST in DBA/2J mice but not C57BL/6J mice, whereas fluoxetine showed the opposite results. Paroxetine similarly reduced immobility time in both strains. The affinity of citalopram for the 5-HT transporter was 700-fold higher in DBA/2J mice than in C57BL/6J mice, whereas the affinity of fluoxetine was 100-fold higher in C57BL/6J mice than in DBA/2J mice. Furthermore, high citalopram concentrations were required for [3H]5-HT uptake in C57BL/6J but not in DBA/2J mouse cortical synaptosomes, whereas fluoxetine showed the opposite results. The effects of paroxetine on 5-HT transporter binding and synaptosomal 5-HT uptake were similar in the two strains. These results suggest that immobility duration depends on 5-HT transporter binding levels, which lead to apparent strain differences in immobility time in the FST and TST. Furthermore, differences in 5-HT transporter binding may cause variations in SSRI effects on behaviors.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ostadhadi S, Akbarian R, Norouzi-Javidan A, Nikoui V, Zolfaghari S, Chamanara M, Dehpour AR. Possible involvement of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in the antidepressant-like effects of gabapentin in mouse forced swimming test. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:795-802. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Gabapentin as an anticonvulsant drug also has beneficial effects in treatment of depression. Previously, we showed that acute administration of gabapentin produced an antidepressant-like effect in the mouse forced swimming test (FST) by a mechanism that involves the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO). Considering the involvement of NO in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels (KATP), in the present study we investigated the involvement of KATP channels in antidepressant-like effect of gabapentin. Gabapentin at different doses (5–10 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) were administrated by intraperitoneal route, 60 and 30 min, respectively, before the test. To clarify the probable involvement of KATP channels, mice were pretreated with KATP channel inhibitor or opener. Gabapentin at dose 10 mg/kg significantly decreased the immobility behavior of mice similar to fluoxetine (20 mg/kg). Co-administration of subeffective dose (1 mg/kg) of glibenclamide (inhibitor of KATP channels) with gabapentin (3 mg/kg) showed a synergistic antidepressant-like effect. Also, subeffective dose of cromakalim (opener of KATP channels, 0.1 mg/kg) inhibited the antidepressant-like effect of gabapentin (10 mg/kg). None of the treatments had any impact on the locomotor movement. Our study, for the first time, revealed that antidepressant-like effect of gabapentin in mice is mediated by blocking the KATP channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sattar Ostadhadi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Akbarian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Norouzi-Javidan
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Nikoui
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Zolfaghari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad-Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Saeedi Saravi SS, Arefidoust A, Saeedi Saravi SS, Yaftian R, Bayati M, Salehi M, Dehpour AR. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/nitric oxide system possibly modulate antidepressant-like effect of 17α-ethinyl estradiol in ovariectomized mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:591-604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
27
|
Peanlikhit T, Van Waes V, Pedron S, Risold PY, Haffen E, Etiévant A, Monnin J. The antidepressant-like effect of tDCS in mice: A behavioral and neurobiological characterization. Brain Stimul 2017; 10:748-756. [PMID: 28416160 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive method increasingly popular for the treatment of several brain disorders, such as major depression. Despite great enthusiasm and promising results, some studies report discrepant findings and no consensus exists for the clinical use of tDCS. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to (i) determine the most effective stimulation parameters to optimize antidepressant-like effect of tDCS in the forced-swim test in mice and (ii) identify brain regions recruited by tDCS and possibly involved in its behavioral effect using Fos immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We reported that tDCS induced long-lasting antidepressant-like effect, which varied as a function of stimulation settings including number, duration, intensity and polarity of stimulation. Interestingly, the present study also demonstrated that tDCS reduced depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic corticosterone exposure. Furthermore, behavioral outcomes induced by a single stimulation were associated with neuronal activation in the prefrontal cortex, dorsal hippocampus, ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens, whereas no overexpression of c-fos was associated with 10 stimulations. CONCLUSION The strongest behavioral response was observed with an anodal stimulation of 200 μA during 20min. The repetition of this stimulation was necessary to induce long-lasting behavioral effects that are probably associated with plastic changes in the neuronal response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanat Peanlikhit
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Vincent Van Waes
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Solène Pedron
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Pierre-Yves Risold
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie, CHRU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1431, Inserm, CHRU Besançon, France.
| | - Adeline Etiévant
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie, CHRU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Julie Monnin
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie, CHRU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1431, Inserm, CHRU Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ethanol induced antidepressant-like effect in the mouse forced swimming test: modulation by serotonergic system. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:447-459. [PMID: 27838747 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present investigation explored the modulatory role of serotonergic transmission in the acute ethanol-induced effects on immobility time in the mouse forced swim test (FST). METHODS AND RESULTS Acute i.p. administration of ethanol (20% w/v, 2 or 2.5 g/kg, i.p.) decreased the immobility time in FST of mice, indicating its antidepressant-like effect while lower doses of ethanol (1, 1.5 g/kg, i.p.) were devoid of any effect in the FST. The mice pre-treated with a sub-effective dose of 5-HT2A agonist, DOI (10 μg/mouse, i.c.v.) or 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, WAY 100635 (0.1 μg/mouse, i.c.v.) but not with the 5-HT2A/2C antagonist, ketanserin (1.5 μg/mouse, i.c.v.) exhibited a synergistic reduction in the immobility time induced by sub-effective dose of ethanol (1.5 g/kg, i.p.). On the other hand, ethanol (2.5 g/kg, i.p.) failed to decrease the immobility time in mice, pre-treated with 5-HT1A agonist, 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 μg/mouse, i.c.v.) or ketanserin (1.5 μg/mouse, i.c.v.). In addition, pre-treatment with a 5-HT neuronal synthesis inhibitor, p-CPA (300 mg/kg, i.p. × 3 days) attenuated the anti-immobility effect ethanol (2.5 g/kg, i.p.) in mouse FST. CONCLUSIONS Thus, the results of the present study points towards the essentiality of the central 5-HT transmission at the synapse for the ethanol-induced antidepressant-like effect in the FST wherein the regulatory role of the 5-HT1A receptor or contributory role of the 5-HT2A/2C receptor-mediated mechanism is proposed in the anti-immobility effect of acute ethanol in mouse FST.
Collapse
|
29
|
de Souza JM, da Silva WAM, de Oliveira Mendes B, Guimarães ATB, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Montalvão MF, da Costa Estrela D, da Silva AR, Malafaia G. Inbred mice strain shows neurobehavioral changes when exposed to tannery effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2035-2046. [PMID: 27807787 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The bovine leather processing (tanning industries) stands as a generating activity of potentially toxic waste. The emission of untreated effluents into the environment may cause serious harm to human and environmental health. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the possible effects of intake of these effluents in experimental mammalian models. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of chronic intake of different tannery effluent concentrations diluted with water (0.1, 1, and 5%) in male C57BL/6J mice. After 120 days of exposure, the animals were subjected to different behavioral tests, predictive of anxiety (elevated plus maze (EPM), open-field (OF), and neophobia test), depression (forced swim), and memory deficits (object recognition test). From the EPM test, it was observed that the mice exposed to 0.1, 1, and 5% of tannery effluents showed higher anxiety scores compared to the animals in the control group. However, the results of this study revealed no differences among the experimental groups in the proportion (percentage) of locomotion in the central quarters/total locomotion calculated (by OF), considered an indirect measure for anxiety. At neophobia test, all the animals exposed to chronic intake of tannery effluents showed higher latency time to start eating, which corresponds to an anxiogenic behavior. Regarding the forced swim test, it was observed that the animals exposed to tannery effluents had longer time in immobility behavior, suggesting a predictive behavior to depression. Finally, the object recognition test showed that the treatments did not cause damage to the animals' memory. The recognition rate of the new object did not differ among the experimental groups. Thus, it is concluded that male C57BL/6J mice (inbred strain) exposed to tannery effluents have predictive neurobehavioral changes of anxiety and depression, without memory deficit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Moreira de Souza
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna de Oliveira Mendes
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mateus Flores Montalvão
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Dieferson da Costa Estrela
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigo da Silva
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Holleran KM, Winder DG. Preclinical voluntary drinking models for alcohol abstinence-induced affective disturbances in mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 16:8-14. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Holleran
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville TN USA
| | - D. G. Winder
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville TN USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville TN USA
- Department of Psychiatry; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville TN USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville TN USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schoenrock SA, Oreper D, Young N, Ervin RB, Bogue MA, Valdar W, Tarantino LM. Ovariectomy results in inbred strain-specific increases in anxiety-like behavior in mice. Physiol Behav 2016; 167:404-412. [PMID: 27693591 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Women are at an increased risk for developing affective disorders during times of hormonal flux, including menopause when the ovaries cease production of estrogen. However, while all women undergo menopause, not all develop an affective disorder. Increased vulnerability can result from genetic predisposition, environmental factors and gene by environment interactions. In order to investigate interactions between genetic background and estrogen depletion, we performed bilateral ovariectomy, a surgical procedure that results in estrogen depletion and is thought to model the post-menopausal state, in a genetically defined panel of 37 inbred mouse strains. Seventeen days post-ovariectomy, we assessed behavior in two standard rodent assays of anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, the open field and forced swim tests. We detected a significant interaction between ovariectomy and genetic background on anxiety-like behavior in the open field. No strain specific effects of ovariectomy were observed in the forced swim assay. However, we did observe significant strain effects for all behaviors in both the open field and forced swim tests. This study is the largest to date to look at the effects of ovariectomy on behavior and provides evidence that ovariectomy interacts with genetic background to alter anxiety-like behavior in an animal model of menopause.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Adams Schoenrock
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Daniel Oreper
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nancy Young
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Robin Betsch Ervin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Molly A Bogue
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - William Valdar
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lisa M Tarantino
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yanagida S, Motomura K, Ohashi A, Hiraoka K, Miura T, Kanba S. Effect of acute imipramine administration on the pattern of forced swim-induced c-Fos expression in the mouse brain. Neurosci Lett 2016; 629:119-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
33
|
Pharmacological evidence for the involvement of the NMDA receptor and nitric oxide pathway in the antidepressant-like effect of lamotrigine in the mouse forced swimming test. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:713-21. [PMID: 27470415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamotrigine is an anticonvulsant agent that shows clinical antidepressant properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the involvement of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) synthesis in possible antidepressant-like effect of lamotrigine in forced swimming test (FST) in mice. Intraperitoneal administration of lamotrigine (10mg/kg) decreased the immobility time in the FST (P<0.01) without any effect on locomotor activity in the open-field test (OFT), while higher dose of lamotrigine (30mg/kg) reduced the immobility time in the FST (P<0.001) as well as the number of crossings in the OFT. Pretreatment of animals with NMDA (75mg/kg), l-arginine (750mg/kg, a substrate for nitric oxide synthase [NOS]) or sildenafil (5mg/kg, a phosphodiesterase [PDE] 5 inhibitor) reversed the antidepressant-like effect of lamotrigine (10mg/kg) in the FST. Injection of l-nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 10mg/kg, a non-specific NOS inhibitor), 7-nitroindazole (30mg/kg, a neuronal NOS inhibitor), methylene blue (20mg/kg, an inhibitor of both NOS and soluble guanylate cyclase [sGC]), or MK-801 (0.05mg/kg), ketamine (1mg/kg), and magnesium sulfate (10mg/kg) as NMDA receptor antagonists in combination with a sub-effective dose of lamotrigine (5mg/kg) diminished the immobility time of animals in the FST compared with either drug alone. None of the drugs produced significant effects on the locomotor activity in the OFT. Based on our findings, it is suggested that the antidepressant-like effect of lamotrigine might mediated through inhibition of either NMDA receptors or NO-cGMP synthesis.
Collapse
|
34
|
Saeedi Saravi SS, Amirkhanloo R, Arefidoust A, Yaftian R, Saeedi Saravi SS, Shokrzadeh M, Dehpour AR. On the effect of minocycline on the depressive-like behavior of mice repeatedly exposed to malathion: interaction between nitric oxide and cholinergic system. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:549-61. [PMID: 26581675 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of minocycline in mice exposed to organophosphate pesticide malathion and possible involvement of nitric oxide/cGMP pathway in this paradigm. Mice were administered specific doses of malathion once daily for 7 consecutive days. After induction of depression, different doses of minocycline were daily injected alone or combined with non-specific NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, specific inducible NOS inhibitor, AG, NO precursor, L-arginine, and PDE5I, sildenafil. After locomotion assessment in open-field test, immobility times were recorded in the FST and TST. Moreover, hippocampal nitrite concentrations and acetylcholinesterase activity were measured. The results showed that repeated exposure to malathion induces depressive-like behavior at dose of 250 mg/kg. Minocycline (160 mg/kg) significantly reduced immobility times in FST and TST (P < 0.001). Combination of sub-effective doses of minocycline (80 mg/kg) with either L-NAME (3 mg/kg) or AG (25 mg/kg) significantly exerted a robust antidepressant-like effect in FST and TST (P < 0.001). Furthermore, minocycline at the same dose which has antidepressant-like effect, significantly reduced hippocampal nitrite concentration. The investigation indicates the essential role for NO/cGMP pathway in malathion-induced depressive-like behavior and antidepressant-like effect of minocycline. Moreover, the interaction between nitrergic and cholinergic systems are suggested to be involved in malathion-induced depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Roya Amirkhanloo
- Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Arefidoust
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahele Yaftian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Sobhan Saeedi Saravi
- Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Minocycline does not evoke anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects in C57BL/6 mice. Behav Brain Res 2016; 301:96-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
36
|
Effects of short term and long term Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field on depressive disorder in mice: Involvement of nitric oxide pathway. Life Sci 2016; 146:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
37
|
Synthesis of Chlorinated Tetracyclic Compounds and Testing for Their Potential Antidepressant Effect in Mice. Molecules 2016; 21:61. [PMID: 26742028 PMCID: PMC6273077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the tetracyclic compounds 1-(4,5-dichloro-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-11-yl)-N-methylmethanamine (5) and 1-(1,8-dichloro-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-11-yl)-N-methylmethanamine (6) as a homologue of the anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs benzoctamine and maprotiline were described. The key intermediate aldehydes (3) and (4) were successfully synthesized via a [4 + 2] cycloaddition between acrolein and 1,8-dichloroanthracene. The synthesized compounds were investigated for antidepressant activity using the forced swimming test. Compounds (5), (6) and (3) showed significant reduction in the mice immobility indicating significant antidepressant effects. These compounds significantly reduced the immobility times at a dose 80 mg/kg by 84.0%, 86.7% and 71.1% respectively.
Collapse
|
38
|
Elevated level of nitric oxide mediates the anti-depressant effect of rubidium chloride in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:411-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
39
|
Zhang LS, Wang J, Chen JC, Tao YM, Wang YH, Xu XJ, Chen J, Xu YG, Xi T, Hu XW, Wang YJ, Liu JG. Novel κ-opioid receptor agonist MB-1C-OH produces potent analgesia with less depression and sedation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:565-71. [PMID: 25816912 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To characterize the pharmacological profiles of a novel κ-opioid receptor agonist MB-1C-OH. METHODS [(3)H]diprenorphine binding and [(35)S]GTPγS binding assays were performed to determine the agonistic properties of MB-1C-OH. Hot plate, tail flick, acetic acid-induced writhing, and formalin tests were conducted in mice to evaluate the antinociceptive actions. Forced swimming and rotarod tests of mice were used to assess the sedation and depression actions. RESULTS In [(3)H]diprenorphine binding assay, MB-1C-OH did not bind to μ- and δ-opioid receptors at the concentration of 100 μmol/L, but showed a high affinity for κ-opioid receptor (Ki=35 nmol/L). In [(35)S]GTPγS binding assay, the compound had an Emax of 98% and an EC50 of 16.7 nmol/L for κ-opioid receptor. Subcutaneous injection of MB-1C-OH had no effects in both hot plate and tail flick tests, but produced potent antinociception in the acetic acid-induced writhing test (ED50=0.39 mg/kg), which was antagonized by pretreatment with a selective κ-opioid receptor antagonist Nor-BNI. In the formalin test, subcutaneous injection of MB-1C-OH did not affect the flinching behavior in the first phase, but significantly inhibited that in the second phase (ED50=0.87 mg/kg). In addition, the sedation or depression actions of MB-1C-OH were about 3-fold weaker than those of the classical κ agonist (-)U50,488H. CONCLUSION MB-1C-OH is a novel κ-opioid receptor agonist that produces potent antinociception causing less sedation and depression.
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen L, Faas GC, Ferando I, Mody I. Novel insights into the behavioral analysis of mice subjected to the forced-swim test. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e551. [PMID: 25871976 PMCID: PMC4462607 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The forced-swim test (FST) is one of the most widely used rodent behavioral assays, in which the immobility of animals is used to assess the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs. However, the existing, and mostly arbitrary, criteria used for quantification could lead to biased results. Here we believe we uncovered new confounding factors, revealed new indices to interpret the behavior of mice and propose an unbiased means for quantification of the FST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Chen
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Ph.D. Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G C Faas
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, 635 Charles Young Drive S, NRB1 575D, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. E-mail: or
| | - I Ferando
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - I Mody
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Physiology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, 635 Charles Young Drive S, NRB1 575D, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. E-mail: or
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gentile A, Fresegna D, Federici M, Musella A, Rizzo FR, Sepman H, Bullitta S, De Vito F, Haji N, Rossi S, Mercuri NB, Usiello A, Mandolesi G, Centonze D. Dopaminergic dysfunction is associated with IL-1β-dependent mood alterations in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 74:347-58. [PMID: 25511803 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mood disturbances are frequent in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), even in non-disabled patients and in the remitting stages of the disease. It is still largely unknown how the pathophysiological process on MS causes anxiety and depression, but the dopaminergic system is likely involved. Aim of the present study was to investigate depressive-like behavior in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS, and its possible link to dopaminergic neurotransmission. Behavioral, amperometric and biochemical experiments were performed to determine the role of inflammation in mood control in EAE. First, we assessed the independence of mood alterations from motor disability during the acute phase of the disease, by showing a depressive-like behavior in EAE mice with mild clinical score and preserved motor skills (mild-EAE). Second, we linked such behavioral changes to the selective increased striatal expression of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in a context of mild inflammation and to dopaminergic system alterations. Indeed, in the striatum of EAE mice, we observed an impairment of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission, since DA release was reduced and signaling through DA D1- and D2-like receptors was unbalanced. In conclusion, the present study provides first evidence of the link between the depressive-like behavior and the alteration of dopaminergic system in EAE mice, raising the possibility that IL-1β driven dysfunction of dopaminergic signaling might play a role in mood disturbances also in MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Gentile
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Federici
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Rizzo
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Sepman
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bullitta
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Vito
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Nabila Haji
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola B Mercuri
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Comunale Margherita 482, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples (SUN), Caserta, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Fondazione Santa Lucia/Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy; Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jacobsen JP, Plenge P, Sachs BD, Pehrson AL, Cajina M, Du Y, Roberts W, Rudder ML, Dalvi P, Robinson TJ, O’Neill SP, Khoo KS, Morillo CS, Zhang X, Caron MG. The interaction of escitalopram and R-citalopram at the human serotonin transporter investigated in the mouse. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:4527-40. [PMID: 24810106 PMCID: PMC4346315 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Escitalopram appears to be a superior antidepressant to racemic citalopram. It has been hypothesized that binding of R-citalopram to the serotonin transporter (SERT) antagonizes escitalopram binding to and inhibition of the SERT, there by curtailing the elevation of extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HTExt), and hence anti-depressant efficacy. Further, it has been suggested that a putative allosteric binding site is important for binding of escitalopram to the primary, orthosteric, site, and for R-citalopram's inhibition here of. OBJECTIVES Primary: Investigate at the human (h)SERT, at clinical relevant doses, whether R-citalopram antagonizes escitalopram-induced 5-HTExt elevation. Secondary: Investigate whether abolishing the putative allosteric site affects escitalopram-induced 5-HTExt elevation and/or modulates the effect of R-citalopram. METHODS Recombinant generation of hSERT transgenic mice; in vivo microdialysis; SERT binding; pharmacokinetics; 5-HT sensitive behaviors (tail suspension, marble burying). RESULTS We generated mice expressing either the wild-type human SERT (hSERT(WT)) or hSERT carrying amino acid substitutions (A505V, L506F, I507L, S574T and I575T) collectively abolishing the putative allosteric site (hSERT(ALI/VFL+SI/TT)). One mg/kg escitalopram yielded clinical relevant plasma levels and brain levels consistent with therapeutic SERT occupancy. The hSERT mice showed normal basal 5-HTExt levels. Escitalopram-induced 5-HTExt elevation was not decreased by R-citalopram co-treatment and was unaffected by loss of the allosteric site. The behavioral effects of the clinically relevant escitalopram dose were small and tended to be enhanced by R-citalopram co-administration. CONCLUSIONS We find no evidence that R-citalopram directly antagonizes escitalopram or that the putative allosteric site is important for hSERT inhibition by escitalopram.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Per Plenge
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin D. Sachs
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Yunzhi Du
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wendy Roberts
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Meghan L. Rudder
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Prachiti Dalvi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Taylor J. Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sharon P. O’Neill
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - King S. Khoo
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marc G. Caron
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Corresponding Author: Dr. Marc G. Caron, James B. Duke Professor, Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, PO Box 3287, Durham, NC 27710, USA., Tel: +1 919 684 5433, Fax: +1 919 681 8641,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bouwknecht JA. Behavioral studies on anxiety and depression in a drug discovery environment: keys to a successful future. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 753:158-76. [PMID: 25460021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The review describes a personal journey through 25 years of animal research with a focus on the contribution of rodent models for anxiety and depression to the development of new medicines in a drug discovery environment. Several classic acute models for mood disorders are briefly described as well as chronic stress and disease-induction models. The paper highlights a variety of factors that influence the quality and consistency of behavioral data in a laboratory setting. The importance of meta-analysis techniques for study validation (tolerance interval) and assay sensitivity (Monte Carlo modeling) are demonstrated by examples that use historic data. It is essential for successful discovery of new potential drugs to maintain a high level of control in animal research and to bridge knowledge across in silico modeling, and in vitro and in vivo assays. Today, drug discovery is a highly dynamic environment in search of new types of treatments and new animal models which should be guided by enhanced two-way translation between bench and bed. Although productivity has been disappointing in the search of new and better medicines in psychiatry over the past decades, there has been and will always be an important role for in vivo models in-between preclinical discovery and clinical development. The right balance between good science and proper judgment versus a decent level of innovation, assay development and two-way translation will open the doors to a very bright future.
Collapse
|
44
|
Caldarone BJ, Zachariou V, King SL. Rodent models of treatment-resistant depression. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 753:51-65. [PMID: 25460020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is a prevalent and debilitating disorder and a substantial proportion of patients fail to reach remission following standard antidepressant pharmacological treatment. Limited efficacy with currently available antidepressant drugs highlights the need to develop more effective medications for treatment- resistant patients and emphasizes the importance of developing better preclinical models that focus on treatment- resistant populations. This review discusses methods to adapt and refine rodent behavioral models that are predictive of antidepressant efficacy to identify populations that show reduced responsiveness or are resistant to traditional antidepressants. Methods include separating antidepressant responders from non-responders, administering treatments that render animals resistant to traditional pharmacological treatments, and identifying genetic models that show antidepressant resistance. This review also examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments regimes that have been effective in refractory patients and how some of these approaches have been used to validate animal models of treatment-resistant depression. The goals in developing rodent models of treatment-resistant depression are to understand the neurobiological mechanisms involved in antidepressant resistance and to develop valid models to test novel therapies that would be effective in patients that do not respond to traditional monoaminergic antidepressants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Caldarone
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and NeuroBehavior Laboratory, Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Venetia Zachariou
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sarah L King
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Immobility responses between mouse strains correlate with distinct hippocampal serotonin transporter protein expression and function. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 17:1737-50. [PMID: 24833265 DOI: 10.1017/s146114571400073x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse strain differences in immobility and in sensitivity to antidepressants have been observed in the forced swimming test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST). However, the neurotransmitter systems and neural substrates that contribute to these differences remain unknown. To investigate the role of the hippocampal serotonin transporter (5-HTT), we measured baseline immobility and the immobility responses to fluoxetine (FLX) in the FST and the TST in male CD-1, C57BL/6, DBA and BALB/c mice. We observed strain differences in baseline immobility time, with CD-1 mice showing the longest and DBA mice showing the shortest. In contrast, DBA and BALB/c mice showed the highest sensitivity to FLX, whereas CD-1 and C57BL/6 mice showed the lowest sensitivity. Also we found strain differences in both the total 5-HTT protein level and the membrane-bound 5-HTT level (estimated by V max) as follows: DBA>BALB/c>CD-1=C57BL/6. The uptake efficiency of the membrane-bound 5-HTT (estimated by 1/K m) was highest in DBA and BALB/c mice and lowest in CD-1 and C57BL/6 mice. A correlation analysis of subregions within the hippocampus revealed that immobility time was negatively correlated with V max and positively correlated with K m in the hippocampus. Therefore a higher uptake capacity of the membrane-bound 5-HTT in the hippocampus was associated with lower baseline immobility and greater sensitivity to FLX. These results suggest that alterations in hippocampal 5-HTT activity may contribute to mouse strain differences in the FST and the TST.
Collapse
|
46
|
Angoa-Pérez M, Kane MJ, Briggs DI, Herrera-Mundo N, Sykes CE, Francescutti DM, Kuhn DM. Mice genetically depleted of brain serotonin do not display a depression-like behavioral phenotype. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:908-19. [PMID: 25089765 DOI: 10.1021/cn500096g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reductions in function within the serotonin (5HT) neuronal system have long been proposed as etiological factors in depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most common treatment for depression, and their therapeutic effect is generally attributed to their ability to increase the synaptic levels of 5HT. Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of 5HT in the CNS, and losses in its catalytic activity lead to reductions in 5HT production and release. The time differential between the onset of 5HT reuptake inhibition by SSRIs (minutes) and onset of their antidepressant efficacy (weeks to months), when considered with their overall poor therapeutic effectiveness, has cast some doubt on the role of 5HT in depression. Mice lacking the gene for TPH2 are genetically depleted of brain 5HT and were tested for a depression-like behavioral phenotype using a battery of valid tests for affective-like disorders in animals. The behavior of TPH2(-/-) mice on the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, and forced swim test and their responses in the unpredictable chronic mild stress and learned helplessness paradigms was the same as wild-type controls. While TPH2(-/-) mice as a group were not responsive to SSRIs, a subset responded to treatment with SSRIs in the same manner as wild-type controls with significant reductions in immobility time on the tail suspension test, indicative of antidepressant drug effects. The behavioral phenotype of the TPH2(-/-) mouse questions the role of 5HT in depression. Furthermore, the TPH2(-/-) mouse may serve as a useful model in the search for new medications that have therapeutic targets for depression that are outside of the 5HT neuronal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Angoa-Pérez
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Michael J. Kane
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Denise I. Briggs
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Nieves Herrera-Mundo
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Catherine E. Sykes
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Dina M. Francescutti
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Donald M. Kuhn
- Research & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jia YF, Song NN, Mao RR, Li JN, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Zhang L, Han HL, Ding YQ, Xu L. Abnormal anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice lacking both central serotonergic neurons and pancreatic islet cells. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:325. [PMID: 25294992 PMCID: PMC4172023 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of central serotonin (5-HT) system has been proposed to be one of the underlying mechanisms for anxiety and depression, and the association of diabetes mellitus and psychiatric disorders has been noticed by the high prevalence of anxiety/depression in patients with diabetes mellitus. This promoted us to examine these behaviors in central 5-HT-deficient mice and those also suffering with diabetes mellitus. Mice lacking either 5-HT or central serotonergic neurons were generated by conditional deletion of Tph2 or Lmx1b respectively. Simultaneous depletion of both central serotonergic neurons and pancreatic islet cells was achieved by administration of diphtheria toxin (DT) in Pet1-Cre;Rosa26-DT receptor (DTR) mice. The central 5-HT-deficient mice showed reduced anxiety-like behaviors as they spent more time in and entered more often into the light box in the light/dark box test compared with controls; similar results were observed in the elevated plus maze test. However, they displayed no differences in the immobility time of the forced swimming and tail suspension tests suggesting normal depression-like behaviors in central 5-HT-deficient mice. As expected, DT-treated Pet1-Cre;Rosa26-DTR mice lacking both central serotonergic neurons and pancreatic islet endocrine cells exhibited several classic diabetic symptoms. Interestingly, they displayed increased anxiety-like behaviors but reduced immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests. Furthermore, the hippocampal neurogenesis was dramatically enhanced in these mice. These results suggest that the deficiency of central 5-HT may not be sufficient to induce anxiety/depression-like behaviors in mice, and the enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis may contribute to the altered depression-like behaviors in the 5-HT-deficient mice with diabetes. Our current investigation provides understanding the relationship between diabetes mellitus and psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, and Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Song
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Rong-Rong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, and Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jin-Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, and Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Hui-Li Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, and Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, and Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tang M, He T, Sun X, Meng QY, Diao Y, Lei JY, He XJ, Chen L, Sang XB, Zhao S. Subregion-specific decreases in hippocampal serotonin transporter protein expression and function associated with endophenotypes of depression. Hippocampus 2014; 24:493-501. [PMID: 24436084 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Armario A, Nadal R. Individual differences and the characterization of animal models of psychopathology: a strong challenge and a good opportunity. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:137. [PMID: 24265618 PMCID: PMC3821037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the development of valuable new techniques (i.e., genetics, neuroimage) for the study of the neurobiological substrate of psychiatric diseases, there are strong limitations in the information that can be gathered from human studies. It is thus critical to develop appropriate animal models of psychiatric diseases to characterize their putative biological bases and the development of new therapeutic strategies. The present review tries to offer a general perspective and several examples of how individual differences in animals can contribute to explain differential susceptibility to develop behavioral alterations, but also emphasizes methodological problems that can lead to inappropriate or over-simplistic interpretations. A critical analysis of the approaches currently used could contribute to obtain more reliable data and allow taking full advantage of new and sophisticated technologies. The discussion is mainly focused on anxiety-like and to a lower extent on depression-like behavior in rodents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Armario
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain ; Unitat de Fisiologia Animal, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Leggio GM, Salomone S, Bucolo C, Platania C, Micale V, Caraci F, Drago F. Dopamine D3 receptor as a new pharmacological target for the treatment of depression. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 719:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|