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Yu L, Kang S, Cheng L, Zhang Q, Ouyang F, Han L, Zhan M, Liao D, Zhang P, Yan J, Huang X. Establishment and clinical application of a candidate reference measurement procedure for quantification of urinary vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid using ID-LC-MS/MS method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116311. [PMID: 38901157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB), an embryonic tumor of the autonomous nervous system, poses a significant threat to the health and lives of children. Accurate measurement of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in human urine is crucial for screening and diagnosis of NB. Although various laboratories have developed liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to detect VMA and HVA, the comparability between the results obtained from different laboratories and methods was poor. The absence of reference method for VMA and HVA hinders the standardization of their measurements. Therefore, a candidate reference measurement procedure (cRMP) based on isotope dilution LC-MS/MS (ID-LC-MS/MS) for the detection of VMA and HVA in human urine was established. Urine samples were spiked with VMA-d3 and HVA-d5 as internal standards and extracted using a protein precipitation method. The cRMP exhibited desirable precision with the total imprecision below 5 %. The accuracy of this cRMP was demonstrated by the high analytical recovery (98.64 % - 102.22 % and 98.41 % - 100.97 % for VMA and HVA, respectively), and comparability between different reference systems. The limit of detection for HVA and VMA were 15.625 ng/mL and 3.906 ng/mL, respectively; the quantification limits were 62.5 ng/mL and 7.813 ng/mL, respectively, which can meet the clinical detection requirements. The linear range was from 78.125 ng/mL to 20 μg/mL. Specificity evaluations showed no corresponding interference from structurally similar analogs. In conclusion, we have established a cRMP based on ID-LC-MS/MS for the measurement of VMA and HVA in urine samples, demonstrating well-defined method performance including accuracy, precision, and specificity. This newly established cRMP is suitable for routine assay standardization and evaluation of clinical samples. Furthermore, this method has the potential to significantly enhance the diagnostic accuracy for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Yu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Shiyue Kang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Long Cheng
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Qiaoxuan Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Fen Ouyang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital Baiyun Branch, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, PR China
| | - Liqiao Han
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Min Zhan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Dezheng Liao
- Community Health Service Center of Xingang Street, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510000, PR China
| | - Pengwei Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Jun Yan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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2
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Borgert CJ, Burgoon LD, Matthews JC. The physiological and biochemical basis of potency thresholds modeled using human estrogen receptor alpha: implications for identifying endocrine disruptors. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1795-1807. [PMID: 38704805 PMCID: PMC11106131 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The endocrine system functions by interactions between ligands and receptors. Ligands exhibit potency for binding to and interacting with receptors. Potency is the product of affinity and efficacy. Potency and physiological concentration determine the ability of a ligand to produce physiological effects. The kinetic behavior of ligand-receptor interactions conforms to the laws of mass action. The laws of mass action define the relationship between the affinity of a ligand and the fraction of cognate receptors that it occupies at any physiological concentration. We previously identified the minimum ligand potency required to produce clinically observable estrogenic agonist effects via the human estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα). By examining data on botanical estrogens and dietary supplements, we demonstrated that ERα ligands with potency lower than one one-thousandth that of the primary endogenous hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) do not produce clinically observable estrogenic effects. This allowed us to propose a Human-Relevant Potency Threshold (HRPT) for ERα ligands of 1 × 10-4 relative to E2. Here, we test the hypothesis that the HRPT for ERα arises from the receptor occupancy by the normal metabolic milieu of endogenous ERα ligands. The metabolic milieu comprises precursors to hormones, metabolites of hormones, and other normal products of metabolism. We have calculated fractional receptor occupancies for ERα ligands with potencies below and above the previously established HRPT when normal circulating levels of some endogenous ERα ligands and E2 were also present. Fractional receptor occupancy calculations showed that individual ERα ligands with potencies more than tenfold higher than the HRPT can compete for occupancy at ERα against individual components of the endogenous metabolic milieu and against mixtures of those components at concentrations found naturally in human blood. Ligands with potencies less than tenfold higher than the HRPT were unable to compete successfully for ERα. These results show that the HRPT for ERα agonism (10-4 relative to E2) proposed previously is quite conservative and should be considered strong evidence against the potential for disruption of the estrogenic pathway. For chemicals with potency 10-3 of E2, the potential for estrogenic endocrine disruption must be considered equivocal and subject to the presence of corroborative evidence. Most importantly, this work demonstrates that the endogenous metabolic milieu is responsible for the observed ERα agonist HRPT, that this HRPT applies also to ERα antagonists, and it provides a compelling mechanistic explanation for the HRPT that is grounded in basic principles of molecular kinetics using well characterized properties and concentrations of endogenous components of normal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Borgert
- Applied Pharmacology and Toxicology, Inc. and CEHT, Univ. FL College of Vet. Med., Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - John C Matthews
- University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, University, MS, USA
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3
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Yuan T. Sample multiplexing for increasing throughput for quantification of estrogens in serum by LC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:439-445. [PMID: 36370203 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens are involved in many physiological processes in vivo. The accurate and rapid quantification of estrogens is required for the diagnosis and prognosis of estrogen-related diseases. To achieve high-volume assays, we developed and validated a sample-multiplexing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of serum estrogens including estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3). A total of 100 μL serum samples were extracted using ethyl acetate. After derivatization with either dansyl chloride or pyridine-3-sulfonyl chloride, derivatized samples were combined. Then we performed the second liquid-liquid extraction using hexane to purify the mixture. Finally, the reconstitution solutions were injected into LC-MS/MS. In addition, the proposed LC-MS/MS method was validated according to FDA and CLSI guidelines. Within a single run (7 min), this sample-multiplexing LC-MS/MS method could simultaneously analyze E1, E2, and E3 in 2 serum samples. Meanwhile, the method demonstrated satisfactory analytical characteristics including accuracy (87.7-110.3%), linearity (2-1000 pg/mL, R2 > 0.99), precision (intra-assay CV, 1.7-8.7%; inter-assay CV, 1.9-9.4%), and negligible interference and carry-over effect as well as acceptable matrix effect. In conclusion, this sample-multiplexing LC-MS/MS method has achieved a doubled-throughput assay for simultaneous quantification of E1, E2, and E3 without compromising analytical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Yuan
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Design and Validation of a Sensitive Multisteroid LC-MS/MS Assay for the Routine Clinical Use: One-Step Sample Preparation with Phospholipid Removal and Comparison to Immunoassays. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314691. [PMID: 36499017 PMCID: PMC9736865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid analysis in clinical laboratories is dominated by immunoassays (IAs) that have a high sample turnover but are inherently limited in trueness, precision, and sensitivity. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has proved to be a far more capable tool, delivering better sensitivity, specificity, and the possibility of parallel analysis of multiple steroids and metabolites, providing the endocrinologist with more reliable and comprehensive diagnostic information. An LC-MS/MS assay with gradient elution over less than eight minutes and a one-step sample preparation combining protein precipitation with phospholipid removal of off-line solid-phase extraction was developed and validated. It allowed the quantification of 11-deoxycorticosterone (11-DOC), 11-deoxycortisol (11-DF), 17-OH-progesterone (17P), 21-deoxycortisol (21-DF), androstenedione (ANDRO), aldosterone (ALDO), corticosterone (CC), cortisol (CL), cortisone (CN), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG), and testosterone (TES) in human serum. Interday imprecision was generally better than 15%, trueness was proven by recovery experiments with ISO 17034-certified reference materials, proficiency testing (UK NEQAS), and measuring serum reference standards. In-house comparison against IVD-CE-certified immunoassays (IA) for 17P, ANDRO, CL, DHEAS, E2, PROG, and TES was conducted by assessing leftover routine patient samples and purpose-built patient serum pools. None of the compared routine IAs were meeting the standards of the LC-MS/MS. Insufficient overall comparability was found for ANDRO and 17P (mean bias > +65%). Accuracy limitations at lower concentrations were present in IAs for PROG, E2, and TES.
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Shi M, Yin L, Sun Y, Wang C, Cai L, Zhang T, Zhou X, Fawcett JP, Gao X, Gu J. Pharmacokinetic Study of Conjugated Equine Estrogens in Healthy Chinese Postmenopausal Women Using a Parallel Two-Column LC-MS/MS Method. Clin Pharmacokinet 2022; 61:1571-1583. [PMID: 36173592 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-022-01177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Postmenopausal women often require estrogen supplementation to improve menopausal and postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms and maintain hormonal balance. Conjugated equine estrogens extracted from the urine of pregnant mares are commonly used to provide this estrogen replacement therapy. The complex composition of this mixture of animal sulfated metabolites makes its bioanalysis challenging such that its detailed pharmacokinetics has not been fully characterized. The purpose of this work is to reveal the pharmacokinetic behavior of conjugated equine estrogens in healthy Chinese postmenopausal women by a parallel two-column LC-MS/MS method. METHODS An open-label study was carried out in 35 Chinese healthy postmenopausal women who received a single dose of Premarin® 0.625 mg. A high-throughput column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to determine four conjugated estrogens and two unconjugated estrogens formed by hydrolysis in vivo. The method multiplexes two high-performance liquid chromatography systems into one mass spectrometer and incorporates the positive/negative ion switching acquisition mode of mass spectrometry to significantly increase analysis efficiency. Pharmacokinetics was determined using non-compartmental methods. RESULTS Both conjugated and unconjugated estrogens can be analyzed simultaneously in a single run with an analysis time of 13.0 minutes in the column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method as opposed to 23.0 minutes in a single-column liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system. The exposures (maximum concentration and area under the curve) of estrone and equilin in Chinese women were higher than those in the North American women. CONCLUSIONS The fully validated assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy postmenopausal Chinese women after oral administration of a conjugated equine estrogen tablet. This study suggests that Chinese postmenopausal women achieve the same level of unconjugated estrogens in plasma at a lower dose of conjugated equine estrogens than North American women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyun Shi
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.,School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yin
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.,School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantong Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Wang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Cai
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tinglan Zhang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhou
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - J Paul Fawcett
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Drugs, Urumqi, People's Republic of China. .,Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Q, Zhan M, Wu H, Feng P, Jin X, Wan Z, Yan J, Zhang P, Ke P, Zhuang J, Zhou J, Han L, Huang X. Simultaneous quantitation of 17 endogenous adrenal corticosteroid hormones in human plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS and their application in congenital adrenal hyperplasia screening. Front Chem 2022; 10:961660. [PMID: 36034654 PMCID: PMC9403142 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.961660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate investigation of adrenal hormone levels plays a vital role in pediatric endocrinology for the detection of steroid-related disorders. This study aims to develop a straightforward, sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method to quantify 17 endogenous adrenal corticosteroid hormones in human plasma. These hormones are the main ingredients in the synthetic and metabolic pathways of adrenal corticosteroid hormones. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column before electrospray ionization triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode with a run time of 7 min. The samples were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and required no derivatization. Analytical performance was evaluated, including linearity, analytical sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and specificity. Plasma specimens from 32 congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients and 30 healthy volunteers were analyzed to further reveal the diagnostic value of multiple steroid hormones in the synthetic and metabolic pathways of adrenal corticosteroid in CAH diagnosis. All hormones were effectively extracted and separated using our method. The method was essentially free from potential interference of isomers or structural analogues. The imprecisions were <10%. The lower limits of quantification varied from 0.05 to 15.0 ng/ml. Good linearity coefficients (r2 > 0.998) were also obtained for most hormones in the required concentration range, except for 21-deoxycortisol (r2 = 0.9967) and androstenediol (r2 = 0.9952). The recoveries for the steroid hormones ranged from 91.7 to 109.8%. We developed the UHPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous measurement of steroid hormones. The results showed that measurement of steroid hormones simultaneously could improve the diagnostic efficiency of CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Pinning Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zemin Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Peifeng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiao Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liqiao Han, ; Xianzhang Huang,
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liqiao Han, ; Xianzhang Huang,
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Zhao W, Zhang J, Feng A, Yin H, Liu C, Pan Y. Rapid Quantification of Endogenous Steroids in Human Serum Using Leidenfrost Effect-Assisted Thermal Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1250-1259. [PMID: 35748155 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unconjugated sex steroids in human serum play a crucial role in physiological and pathological studies and are frequently considered as biomarkers in clinical diagnosis. Because of their low polarity, poor volatility, and low concentration, the rapid and highly sensitive analysis of sex steroids in real serum matrix by ambient mass spectrometry is still challenging. Here, Leidenfrost effect-assisted thermal desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization orbitrap mass spectrometry (LETD-APPI-MS) was developed and applied to quantify free sex steroids in human serum without derivatization and chromatography separation within a few minutes. The concentration of target analyte could be increased by approximately two orders during the LETD process. The limit of quantifications and detections of endogenous sex steroids in human serum were measured at the ppt level. In contrast with commonly used immunoassays in clinical laboratories, LETD-APPI-MS enables the accurate measurements of multiple free sex steroids without the interference of cross-reactions. The endogenous sex steroids of 38 female serums at four physiological stages during pregnancy were rapidly tested by LETD-APPI-MS, whose results were highly consistent with that using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS), indicating LETD-APPI-MS has a strong clinical application potential in steroid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Airong Feng
- Instruments center for physical science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yin
- Instruments center for physical science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Chengyuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
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Zhang Q, Han L, Zheng S, Ouyang F, Wu X, Yan J, Zhan M, Ke P, Zhuang J, Huang X. An isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry candidate reference measurement procedure for aldosterone measurement in human plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4471-4481. [PMID: 34018033 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Accurate quantitation of aldosterone is clinically important in standardized testing for primary aldosteronism. The results are often variable when performed by clinical immunoassays. To standardize and ensure the accuracy of clinical systems, reference measurement procedures (RMPs) with higher metrological order are required. A simple and reliable isotope dilution LC-IDMS/MS-based measurement procedure for human plasma aldosterone has been developed. This method involved plasma spiked with a deuterium-labelled internal standard, equilibrated for 0.5 h, and extracted by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) without derivatization. Aldosterone and its structural analogues were baseline separated with a C18-packed UHPLC column with gradient elution within 7 min. The signal intensity variability and measurement imprecision were reduced by bracketing calibration during plasma aldosterone value assignment. The limit of detection (LoD) was 19.4 pmol/L with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 3. The lowest limit of quantification (LLoQ) was 27.7 pmol/L (S/N > 10 and CV < 10.0%). LLE was performed with 1 mL of n-hexane/ethyl acetate (3:2, v/v), and the extraction recovery was determined to be 92.15 ± 3.54%. The imprecisions were ≤ 3.18% for samples at 124.8, 867.0, and 2628.5 pmol/L. The recoveries were 98.11-101.61%. The relative bias between this candidate RMP and the established RMP was 2.76-1.89%. The linearity response ranged from 27.7 to 2774.4 pmol/L with R2 = 0.999. The method performance met the requirements of RMPs (≤ 5% total CV and ≤ 3% bias). Furthermore, the developed method was applied to evaluate immunoassays through 41 patient sample comparisons. The calibration and measurement capability (CMC) of this method were also evaluated by measuring these samples. The candidate RMP can serve as an accurate reference baseline for routine methods and can be used for value assignment for reference materials. Selected ion chromatograms by LC-MS/MS using a C18 column for aldosterone and its structural analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Liqiao Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Songbai Zheng
- Fujian Huayin Medical Laboratory Center, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Fen Ouyang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobin Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Peifeng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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10
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Long Q, Zhang T, Yan Y, Zhao H, Zhou W, Zeng J, Li S, Zhang J, Zeng Q, Zhao B, Zhang C, Chen W. Measurement of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry candidate reference method and evaluation of the performance for three routine methods. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 59:523-532. [PMID: 33554585 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate measurements of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) are essential for diagnosis and treatment monitoring for congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients. The performance of serum 17OHP routine methods remains highly variable that calls for a candidate reference measurement procedure (cRMP) to improve the standardization of serum 17OHP measurements. METHODS Serum samples spiked with internal standards were extracted with a combination of solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction. The 17OHP was quantified by the isotope dilution coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC/MS/MS) with electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. Nine structural analogs of 17OHP were evaluated for interferences. The precision and analytical recovery were assessed. Twenty native and 40 spiked serum for performance evaluation were measured by the cRMP and two clinical LC/MS routine methods. RESULTS No apparent interferences were found with the 17OHP measurement. The within-run, between-run, and total precision for our method were 0.4-0.8%, 0.6-2.0%, and 1.0-2.1% for four pooled serum (2.46-102.72 nmol/L), respectively. The recoveries of added 17OHP were 100.0-100.2%. For the performance of two LC/MS routine methods, they showed relative deviation ranges of -22.1 to 1.1% and -6.7 to 12.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a reliable serum 17OHP method using ID-LC/MS/MS. The desirable accuracy and precision of this method enable it to serve as a promising cRMP to improve the standardization for serum 17OHP routine measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichen Long
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yan
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haijian Zhao
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Weiyan Zhou
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuijun Li
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhang Zeng
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Chen
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
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11
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Quantitative analysis of underivatized 17 β-estradiol using a high-throughput LC-MS/MS assay - Application to support a pharmacokinetic study in ovariectomized guinea pigs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 178:112897. [PMID: 31593865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Difference in female sex hormone, β-estradiol (E2), levels can contribute to sex differences in biological processes that underlie target tissue functions (QT interval), vulnerability to diseases (hepatitis or HIV), and response toward therapies. Accurate quantification of plasma E2 level is thus an important aspect in both basic science research examining hormone-regulated physiological mechanisms and in clinical settings to support patient care associated with altered E2 levels. Due to lack of a high-throughput high-sensitivity analytical method, we developed and validated a LC-MS/MS assay for accurate low-level quantification of E2 and demonstrated its application to a guinea pig pharmacokinetic study in which guinea pigs were treated with 10 or 40 μg/kg E2 subcutaneously and blood samples collected at 0 (pre-dose), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h post-dosing. E2 was extracted using 90 μL ovariectomized guinea pig plasma by liquid-liquid extraction. The method was robust, sensitive with linear range from 3.9 to 1000 pg/mL, and the assay met acceptance criteria for validation parameters listed in the current FDA Guidance on Bioanalytical Method Validation. Compared to the 10 μg/kg dose, more than dose proportional increase in maximum E2 plasma concentration (Cmax) and AUC0-∞ and correspondingly longer half-life were observed after 40 μg/kg dose. This assay is a significant improvement over existing E2 quantification methods in bioanalytical field, with high precision and accuracy, low sample and injection volumes, no derivatization, and short assay run time of 3 min. This assay is amenable in high-throughput settings requiring low-level E2 quantitation in basic science research and clinical settings.
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Zhang Q, Cai Z, Liu Y, Lin H, Wang Q, Yan J, Han L, Wang J, Ke P, Zhuang J, Huang X. Comparison of bracketing calibration and classical calibration curve quantification methods in establishing a candidate reference measurement procedure for human serum 17β-estradiol by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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de Oliveira HL, Teixeira LS, Dinali LAF, Pires BC, Simões NS, Borges KB. Microextraction by packed sorbent using a new restricted molecularly imprinted polymer for the determination of estrogens from human urine samples. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Evaluation of a bracketing calibration-based isotope dilution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry candidate reference measurement procedure for 17α-hydroxyprogesterone in human plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7095-7104. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Hexafluoroisopropanol-alkyl carboxylic acid high-density supramolecular solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of steroid sex hormones in human urine. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1580:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Measurement of human serum unconjugated estriol without derivatization using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry candidate reference method and compared with two immunoassays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6257-6267. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Metabolic phenotyping for understanding the gut microbiome and host metabolic interplay. Emerg Top Life Sci 2017; 1:325-332. [PMID: 33525773 DOI: 10.1042/etls20170079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease. This unique complex ecosystem has been implicated in many health conditions, including intestinal disorders, inflammatory skin diseases and metabolic syndrome. However, there is still much to learn regarding its capacity to affect host health. Many gut microbiome research studies focus on compositional analysis to better understand the causal relationships between microbial communities and disease phenotypes. Yet, microbial diversity and complexity is such that community structure alone does not provide full understanding of microbial function. Metabolic phenotyping is an exciting field in systems biology that provides information on metabolic outputs taking place in the system at a given moment in time. These readouts provide information relating to by-products of endogenous metabolic pathways, exogenous signals arising from diet, drugs and other lifestyle and environmental stimuli, as well as products of microbe-host co-metabolism. Thus, better understanding of the gut microbiome and host metabolic interplay can be gleaned using such analytical approaches. In this review, we describe research findings focussed on gut microbiota-host interactions, for functional insights into the impact of microbiome composition on host health. We evaluate different analytical approaches for capturing metabolic activity and discuss analytical methodological advancements that have made a contribution to the field. This information will aid in developing novel approaches to improve host health in the future, and therapeutic modulation of the microbiome may soon augment conventional clinical strategies.
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Zhou H, Wang Y, Gatcombe M, Farris J, Botelho JC, Caudill SP, Vesper HW. Simultaneous measurement of total estradiol and testosterone in human serum by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:5943-5954. [PMID: 28801832 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reliable measurement of total testosterone and estradiol is critical for their use as biomarkers of hormone-related disorders in patient care and translational research. We developed and validated a mass spectrometry method to simultaneously quantify these analytes in human serum without chemical derivatization. Serum is equilibrated with isotopic internal standards and treated with acidic buffer to release hormones from their binding proteins. Lipids are isolated and polar impurities are removed by two serial liquid-liquid extraction steps. Total testosterone and estradiol are measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in combination of positive and negative electrospray ionization modes. The method shows broad analytical measurement range for both testosterone 0.03-48.5 nM (0.75-1400 ng/dL) and estradiol 11.0-5138 pM (2.99-1400 pg/mL) and excellent agreement with certified reference materials (mean bias less than 2.1% to SRM 971, BCR 576, 577, and 578) and a high order reference method (mean bias 1.25% for testosterone and -0.84% for estradiol). The high accuracy of the method was monitored and certified by CDC Hormone Standardization (HoSt) Program for 2 years with mean bias -0.7% (95% CI -1.6% to 0.2%) for testosterone and 0.1% (95% CI -2.2% to 2.3%) for estradiol. The method precision over a 2-year period for quality control pools at low, medium, and high concentrations was 2.7-2.9% for testosterone and 3.3-5.3% for estradiol. With the consistently excellent accuracy and precision, this method is readily applicable for high-throughput clinical and epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Yuesong Wang
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Matthew Gatcombe
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Jacob Farris
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Julianne C Botelho
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Samuel P Caudill
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Hubert W Vesper
- Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, National Center For Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Clinical Chemistry Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
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