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Zhang J, Liu Z, Liu X, Wang X, Yu L. Intravenous Injection of GluR2-3Y Inhibits Repeated Morphine-Primed Reinstatement of Drug Seeking in Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040590. [PMID: 37190555 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor is essential to drug addiction. In this study, we explored the influence of GluR2-3Y, an interfering peptide to prevent the endocytosis of AMPA receptors containing the GluR2 subunit, on morphine-seeking behavior in the rat self-administration model. After self-administration was established, the rats received intravenous injections of GluR2-3Y during the extinction sessions. There were no significant differences in both active and inactive pokes compared to the control group of rats that received GluR2-3S, indicating that GluR2-3Y has no significant influences on the extinction of morphine self-administration. The other two groups of rats were trained, extinguished, and reinstated by repeated morphine priming (respectively, called Prime 1, Prime 2, and Prime 3). Only one intravenous injection of GluR2-3Y was performed before Prime 1. Compared to the control group, GluR2-3Y did not affect Prime 1, but significantly attenuated the morphine-seeking behavior during repeated morphine-primed reinstatement, indicating an inhibitory after effect of GluR2-3Y on morphine-seeking behavior in rats. The long-term depression (LTD) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell was also assessed. Pretreatment with GluR2-3Y altered the ability of LTD induction to the level of that in the naive group, while pretreatment with GluR2-3S had no effects on LTD. Our results demonstrated that the intravenous injection of GluR2-3Y, to block the endocytosis of AMPA receptors, inhibited the reinstatement of morphine-seeking behavior, which may be induced by modulating the neuronal plasticity in the NAc shell of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Jinzhong 030619, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- School of Crime Investigation, People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- College of Basic Medical, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Longchuan Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Alkadhi KA. NMDA receptor-independent LTP in mammalian nervous system. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 200:101986. [PMID: 33400965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission is a form of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity that exists at most synapses in the nervous system. In the central nervous system (CNS), LTP has been recorded at numerous synapses and is a prime candidate mechanism associating activity-dependent plasticity with learning and memory. LTP involves long-lasting increase in synaptic strength with various underlying mechanisms. In the CNS, the predominant type of LTP is believed to be dependent on activation of the ionotropic glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), which is highly calcium-permeable. However, various forms of NMDAR-independent LTP have been identified in diverse areas of the nervous system. The NMDAR-independent LTP may require activation of glutamate metabotropic receptors (mGluR) or ionotropic receptors other than NMDAR such as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), serotonin 5-HT3 receptor or calcium-permeable AMPA receptor (CP-AMPAR). In this review, NMDAR-independent LTP of various areas of the central and peripheral nervous systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim A Alkadhi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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Vaseghi S, Nasehi M, Zarrindast MR. How do stupendous cannabinoids modulate memory processing via affecting neurotransmitter systems? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 120:173-221. [PMID: 33171142 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we wanted to review the role of cannabinoids in learning and memory in animal models, with respect to their interaction effects with six principal neurotransmitters involved in learning and memory including dopamine, glutamate, GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), serotonin, acetylcholine, and noradrenaline. Cannabinoids induce a wide-range of unpredictable effects on cognitive functions, while their mechanisms are not fully understood. Cannabinoids in different brain regions and in interaction with different neurotransmitters, show diverse responses. Previous findings have shown that cannabinoids agonists and antagonists induce various unpredictable effects such as similar effect, paradoxical effect, or dualistic effect. It should not be forgotten that brain neurotransmitter systems can also play unpredictable roles in mediating cognitive functions. Thus, we aimed to review and discuss the effect of cannabinoids in interaction with neurotransmitters on learning and memory. In addition, we mentioned to the type of interactions between cannabinoids and neurotransmitter systems. We suggested that investigating the type of interactions is a critical neuropharmacological issue that should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chokshi V, Gao M, Grier BD, Owens A, Wang H, Worley PF, Lee HK. Input-Specific Metaplasticity in the Visual Cortex Requires Homer1a-Mediated mGluR5 Signaling. Neuron 2019; 104:736-748.e6. [PMID: 31563294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Effective sensory processing depends on sensory experience-dependent metaplasticity, which allows homeostatic maintenance of neural network activity and preserves feature selectivity. Following a strong increase in sensory drive, plasticity mechanisms that decrease the strength of excitatory synapses are preferentially engaged to maintain stability in neural networks. Such adaptation has been demonstrated in various model systems, including mouse primary visual cortex (V1), where excitatory synapses on layer 2/3 (L2/3) neurons undergo rapid reduction in strength when visually deprived mice are reexposed to light. Here, we report that this form of plasticity is specific to intracortical inputs to V1 L2/3 neurons and depends on the activity of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and group I metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). Furthermore, we found that expression of the immediate early gene (IEG) Homer1a (H1a) and its subsequent interaction with mGluR5s are necessary for this input-specific metaplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Chokshi
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Cell Molecular Developmental Biology and Biophysics (CMDB) Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Bryce D Grier
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ashley Owens
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Paul F Worley
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hey-Kyoung Lee
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Cell Molecular Developmental Biology and Biophysics (CMDB) Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Bhattacharyya S. Inside story of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGluRs). Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 77:205-12. [PMID: 26987586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate in the central nervous system. Among the eight subtypes, mGluR1 and mGluR5 belong to the group I family. These receptors play important roles in the brain and are believed to be involved in multiple forms of experience dependent synaptic plasticity including learning and memory. In addition, group I mGluRs also have been implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders like Fragile X syndrome, autism etc. The normal signaling depends on the precise location of these receptors in specific region of the neuron and the process of receptor trafficking plays a crucial role in controlling this localization. Intracellular trafficking could also regulate the desensitization, resensitization, down-regulation and intracellular signaling of these receptors. In this review I focus on the current understanding of group I mGluR regulation in the central nervous system and also their role in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarjit Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge city, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, PO: 140306, Punjab, India.
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Wang GX, Smith SJ, Mourrain P. Fmr1 KO and fenobam treatment differentially impact distinct synapse populations of mouse neocortex. Neuron 2015; 84:1273-86. [PMID: 25521380 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits in fragile X syndrome (FXS) are attributed to molecular abnormalities of the brain's vast and heterogeneous synapse populations. Unfortunately, the density of synapses coupled with their molecular heterogeneity presents formidable challenges in understanding the specific contribution of synapse changes in FXS. We demonstrate powerful new methods for the large-scale molecular analysis of individual synapses that allow quantification of numerous specific changes in synapse populations present in the cortex of a mouse model of FXS. Analysis of nearly a million individual synapses reveals distinct, quantitative changes in synaptic proteins distributed across over 6,000 pairwise metrics. Some, but not all, of these synaptic alterations are reversed by treatment with the candidate therapeutic fenobam, an mGluR5 antagonist. These patterns of widespread, but diverse synaptic protein changes in response to global perturbation suggest that FXS and its treatment must be understood as a networked system at the synapse level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon X Wang
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Stephen J Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - Philippe Mourrain
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; INSERM 1024, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris, 75005, France
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Zhang S, Manahan-Vaughan D. Place field stability requires the metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGlu5. Hippocampus 2014; 24:1330-40. [PMID: 24910241 PMCID: PMC4280887 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are critically involved in enabling the persistency of forms of synaptic plasticity that are believed to underlie hippocampus-dependent memory. These receptors and in particular, mGlu5, are also required for hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. In the hippocampus, synaptic plasticity is one of the mechanisms by which spatial information may be represented. Another mechanism involves increased firing of place cells. Place cells increase their firing activity when an animal is in a specific spatial location. Inhibition of factors that are essential for synaptic plasticity, such as N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors or protein synthesis, also impair place cell activity. This raises the question as to whether mGlu receptors, that are so important for synaptic plasticity and spatial memory, are also important for place cell encoding. We examined location-dependent place cell firing i.e. place fields. We observed that antagonism of mGlu5, using 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl) pyridine (MPEP) had no effect on place field profiles in a familiar environment. However, in a novel environment mGlu5-antagonism affected long-term place field stability, reduced place cell firing and spatial information. These data strongly suggest a role for mGlu5 in the mechanisms underlying informational content and long-term stability of place fields, and add to evidence supporting the importance of these receptors for hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Zhang
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty; International Graduate School for Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are found throughout thalamus and cortex and are clearly important to circuit behavior in both structures, and so considering only participation of ionotropic glutamate receptors (e.g., [R,S]-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid [AMPA] and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors [NMDA] receptors) in glutamatergic processing would be an unfortunate oversimplification. These mGluRs are found both postsynaptically, on target cells of glutamatergic afferents, and presynaptically, on various synaptic terminals themselves, and when activated, they produce prolonged effects lasting at least hundreds of msec to several sec and perhaps longer. Two main types exist: activation of group I mGluRs causes postsynaptic depolarization, and group II, hyperpolarization. Both types are implicated in synaptic plasticity, both short term and long term. Their evident importance in functioning of thalamus and cortex makes it critical to develop a better understanding of how these receptors are normally activated, especially because they also seem implicated in a wide range of neurological and cognitive pathologies.
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Kroon T, Sierksma MC, Meredith RM. Investigating mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental phenotypes of autistic and intellectual disability disorders: a perspective. Front Syst Neurosci 2013; 7:75. [PMID: 24198768 PMCID: PMC3814085 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2013.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain function and behavior undergo significant plasticity and refinement, particularly during specific critical and sensitive periods. In autistic and intellectual disability (ID) neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and their corresponding genetic mouse models, impairments in many neuronal and behavioral phenotypes are temporally regulated and in some cases, transient. However, the links between neurobiological mechanisms governing typically normal brain and behavioral development (referred to also as "neurotypical" development) and timing of NDD impairments are not fully investigated. This perspective highlights temporal patterns of synaptic and neuronal impairment, with a restricted focus on autism and ID types of NDDs. Given the varying known genetic and environmental causes for NDDs, this perspective proposes two strategies for investigation: (1) a focus on neurobiological mechanisms underlying known critical periods in the (typically) normal-developing brain; (2) investigation of spatio-temporal expression profiles of genes implicated in monogenic syndromes throughout affected brain regions. This approach may help explain why many NDDs with differing genetic causes can result in overlapping phenotypes at similar developmental stages and better predict vulnerable periods within these disorders, with implications for both therapeutic rescue and ultimately, prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kroon
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Trivedi RR, Bhattacharyya S. Constitutive internalization and recycling of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:185-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Goh JJ, Manahan-Vaughan D. Endogenous hippocampal LTD that is enabled by spatial object recognition requires activation of NMDA receptors and the metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGlu5. Hippocampus 2012; 23:129-38. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Spalloni A, Origlia N, Sgobio C, Trabalza A, Nutini M, Berretta N, Bernardi G, Domenici L, Ammassari-Teule M, Longone P. Postsynaptic alteration of NR2A subunit and defective autophosphorylation of alphaCaMKII at threonine-286 contribute to abnormal plasticity and morphology of upper motor neurons in presymptomatic SOD1G93A mice, a murine model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 21:796-805. [PMID: 20732897 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhq152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has long been considered as a lower motor neuron (MN) disease, degeneration of upper MNs arising from a combination of mechanisms including insufficient growth factor signaling and enhanced extracellular glutamate levels is now well documented. The observation that these mechanisms are altered in presymptomatic superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mice, an ALS mouse model, suggests that defective primary motor cortex (M1) synaptic activity might precede the onset of motor disturbances. To examine this point, we assessed the composition of AMPAR and NMDAR subunits and of the alphaCa²(+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase autophosphorylation at threonine-286 in the triton insoluble fraction from the M1 in postnatal P80-P85 SOD1(G93A) and wild-type mice. We show that presymptomatic SOD1(G93A) exhibit a selective decrease of NR2A subunit expression and of the alphaCa²(+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase autophosphorylation at threonine-286 in the triton insoluble fraction of upper MNs synapses. These molecular alterations are associated with synaptic plasticity defects, and a reduction in upper MN dendritic outgrowth revealing that abnormal neuronal connectivity in the M1 region precedes the onset of motor symptoms. We suggest that the progressive disruption of M1 corticocortical connections resulting from the SOD1(G93A) mutation might extend to adjacent regions and promote development of cognitive/dementia alterations frequently associated with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spalloni
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Rome, Italy
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