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Ho-Le TP, Tran TS, Nguyen HG, Center JR, Eisman JA, Nguyen TV. Genetic Prediction of Lifetime Risk of Fracture. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1403-e1412. [PMID: 37165700 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fragility fracture is a significant public health problem because it is associated with increased mortality. We want to find out whether the risk of fracture can be predicted from the time of birth. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between a polygenic risk score (PRS) and lifetime fracture risk. METHODS This population-based prospective study involved 3515 community-dwelling individuals aged 60+ years who have been followed for up to 20 years. Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. A PRS was created by summing the weighted number of risk alleles for each single nucleotide polymorphism using BMD-associated coefficients. Fragility fractures were radiologically ascertained, whereas mortality was ascertained through a state registry. Residual lifetime risk of fracture (RLRF) was estimated by survival analysis. RESULTS The mortality-adjusted RLRF for women and men was 36% (95% CI, 34%-39%) and 21% (18%-24%), respectively. Individuals with PRS > 4.24 (median) had a greater risk (1.2-fold in women and 1.1-fold in men) than the population average risk. For hip fracture, the average RLRF was 10% (95% CI, 8%-12%) for women and ∼5% (3%-7%) for men; however, the risk was significantly increased by 1.5-fold and 1.3-fold for women and men with high PRS, respectively. CONCLUSION A genetic profiling of BMD-associated genetic variants is associated with the residual lifetime risk of fracture, suggesting the potential for incorporating the polygenic risk score in personalized fracture risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao P Ho-Le
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Thach S Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Skeletal Disease Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Huy G Nguyen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jacqueline R Center
- Skeletal Disease Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - John A Eisman
- Skeletal Disease Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tuan V Nguyen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW, Sydney 2033, Australia
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Zhang X, Yu S, Zhang F, Zhu S, Zhao G, Zhang X, Li T, Yu B, Zhu W, Li D. Association between traffic-related air pollution and osteoporotic fracture hospitalizations in inland and coastal areas: evidences from the central areas of two cities in Shandong Province, China. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:96. [PMID: 37452267 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01308-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Our result showed that short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) might increase the risk of hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures. It was suggested that government should formulate emission reduction policies to protect the health of citizens. INTRODUCTION As the main source of urban air pollution in China, exhaust emissions of motor vehicles have been linked to adverse health outcomes, but evidence of the relationship between short-term exposure to TRAPs and osteoporotic fractures is still relatively rare. METHODS In this study, a total of 5044 inpatients from an inland city (Jinan) and a coastal city (Qingdao), two cities with developed transportation in Shandong Province, were included. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate the association between TRAPs and hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures. The stratified analyses were performed by gender and age. RESULTS Positive associations between TRAPs and osteoporotic fracture hospitalizations were observed. We found that short-term exposure to TRAPs was associated with increased numbers of hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures. PM2.5 and PM10 were statistically significant associated with hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures at both single-day and multiday lag structures only in Qingdao, with the strongest associations at lag06 and lag07 [RR=1.0446(95%CI: 1.0018,1.0891) for PM2.5, RR=1.0328(95%CI: 1.0084,1.0578) for PM10]. For NO2 and CO, we found significant associations at lag4 in the single lag structure in Jinan [RR=1.0354 (95%CI: 1.0071, 1.0646) for NO2, RR=1.0014 (95%CI: 1.0002, 1.0025) for CO], while only CO at lag4 was significantly associated with hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures in Qingdao [1.0038 (1.0012, 1.0063)]. Stratified analyses indicated that the associations were stronger in females and older individuals (65 + years). CONCLUSION This study implied that short-term exposure to TRAPs pollution was associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures. Female patients and patients aged 65 + years appeared to be more vulnerable to TRAPs, suggesting that poor air quality is a modifiable risk factor for osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Zhang
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shengwen Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser hospital), Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Faxue Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shijie Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Gaichan Zhao
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tianzhou Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Dejia Li
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Lou Q, Guo N, Huang W, Wu L, Su M, Liu Y, Liu X, Li B, Yang Y, Gao Y. Association between Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Gene Polymorphisms and Skeletal Fluorosis of The Brick-tea Type Fluorosis in Tibetans and Kazakhs, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1489-1499. [PMID: 33660557 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1892037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential association between BMP2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and brick-tea-type skeletal fluorosis risk in cross-sectional case-control study conducted in Sinkiang and Qinghai, China, a total of 598 individuals, including 308 Tibetans and 290 Kazakhs, were enrolled. Using the standard WS/192-2008 (China), 221 skeletal fluorosis cases were diagnosed, including 123 Tibetans and 98 Kazakhs. Logistic regressions 2 analysis did not find the association between SNPs (Rs235764, Rs235739 and Rs996544) and skeletal fluorosis. Genetic models, linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype analysis were not found to be associated with risk of skeletal fluorosis after adjustment by age and sex (P>0.05).Our data suggested that Rs 235764, Rs 235739 and Rs 996544 were not linked susceptibility for skeletal fluorosis in our cross-sectional case-control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Lou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liaowei Wu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyao Su
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyun Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Zhang F, Zhang X, Zhou G, Zhao G, Zhu S, Zhang X, Xiang N, Zhu W. Is Cold Apparent Temperature Associated With the Hospitalizations for Osteoporotic Fractures in the Central Areas of Wuhan? A Time-Series Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:835286. [PMID: 35284367 PMCID: PMC8904880 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.835286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is alarming problem due to aggravation of global aging, especially in China. Osteoporotic fracture (OF) is one of the most severe consequents of osteoporosis. Many previous studies found that environmental factors had adverse effects on human health. Cold temperature was associated with OF and bone metabolism in prior observational and experimental researches. However, few studies had been conducted on the acute effect of low temperature and OF. Data on daily meteorological factors and hospitalizations for OF were collected from Wuhan, China, between January 1, 2017 to December 24, 2019. Apparent temperature (AT), comprehensively considered a variety of environmental factors, was calculated by ambient temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. A generalized linear regression model combined with distributed lag non-linear regression model (DLNM) with quasi-Poisson link was used to explore the association between AT and the number of hospitalizations for OF. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender, age and the history of fracture were applied for detecting susceptible people. The exposure-response curve of AT and OF were generally U-shaped with lowest point at 25.8°C. The significant relationship of AT-OF existed only in cold effect (-2.0 vs. 25.8°C) while not in warm effect (37.0 vs. 25.8°C). Statistically significant risks of OF for cold effects were only found in females [RR = 1.12 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.24) at lag 2 day], aged <75 years old [RR = 1.18 (95%CI: 1.04, 1.33) and 1.17 (95%CI: 1.04, 1.33) at lag 2 and 3 days, respectively] and people with history of fracture [RR = 1.39 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.90) and 1.27 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.53) at lag 1 and 2 days, respectively]. The significant associations of AT on OF were only found in cold effect. The females, people aged <75 years and people with history of fracture possibly appeared to be more vulnerable. Public health departments should pay attention to the negative effect of cold AT and take measures in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faxue Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xupeng Zhang
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangwen Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaichan Zhao
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijie Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Department of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wu CY, Lee HS, Tsai CF, Hsu YH, Yang HY. Secular trends in the incidence of fracture hospitalization between 2000 and 2015 among the middle-aged and elderly persons in Taiwan: A nationwide register-based cohort study. Bone 2022; 154:116250. [PMID: 34740812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fractures are a common reason for hospital admissions. However, regional and short-term studies show a varying incidence rate (IR) of fractures, and most of the surveys were conducted from only a few medical centers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the epidemiological data of fracture hospitalizations of middle-aged and elderly persons in Taiwan between 2000 and 2015. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from fractures occurring between 2000 and 2015 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan for this study. The IR of fracture admission in patients, aged 40 years or older at the time of admission and first-time diagnosed with a fracture following admission, was calculated. RESULTS We found that the IR of the fracture hospitalizations declined considerably from 95.70 per 10,000 person-years in 2000, to 68.48 per 10,000 person-years in 2015. The three most common fracture hospitalizations accounting for more than 50% of all fractures were fractures of the femur/hip, radius or ulna, and vertebral column. The IR of fracture hospitalization increased with age and was found to be higher in women than in men. The most common cause of fracture hospitalization for men and patients under 65 years of age was traffic accidents. In contrast, falls were the most frequent causes of fracture hospitalization for women and patients over 65 years of age. CONCLUSION The present study furnishes an updated picture of the incidence of fracture hospitalization over a 16-year period among middle-aged and elderly persons in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chung Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Science and Management, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Herng-Sheng Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fang Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Han Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan.
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Toth Z, Ward A, Tang SY, McBride-Gagyi S. Sexual differences in bone porosity, osteocyte density, and extracellular matrix organization due to osteoblastic-specific Bmp2 deficiency in mice. Bone 2021; 150:116002. [PMID: 33971313 PMCID: PMC8217247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have come to conflicting conclusions regarding BMP2 deficiency's link to regulating bone mass and increasing fracture risk. This may be due to the signaling protein having sex- or age-dependent effects. Previous pre-clinical studies have supported a role, but have not adequately determined the physical mechanism causing altered bulk material properties. This study investigated the physical effects of Bmp2 ablation from osteogenic lineage cells (Osx-Cre; Bmp2fl/fl) in 10- and 15-week-old male and female mice. Bones collected post-mortem were subjected to fracture toughness testing, reference point indentation testing, microCT, and histological analysis to determine the multi-scale relationships between mechanical/material behavior and collagen production, collagen organization, and bone architecture. BMP2-deficient bones were smaller, more brittle, and contained more lacunae-scale voids and cortical pores. The cellular density was significantly increased and there were material-level differences measured by reference point indentation, independently of collagen fiber alignment or organization. The disparities in bone size and in bone fracture toughness between genotypes were especially striking in males at 15-weeks-old. Together, this study suggests that there are sex- and age-dependent effects of BMP2 deficiency. The results from both sexes also warrant further investigation into BMP2 deficiency's role in osteoblasts' transition to osteocytes and overall bone porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharie Toth
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Ashley Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Simon Y Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Sarah McBride-Gagyi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America.
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Chu Y, Liu Y, Guo N, Lou Q, Wang L, Huang W, Wu L, Wang J, Zhang M, Yin F, Gao Y, Yang Y. Association between ALOX15 gene polymorphism and brick-tea type skeletal fluorosis in Tibetans, Kazaks and Han, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:421-432. [PMID: 31565963 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1666972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the association between ALOX15 gene polymorphism and skeletal fluorosis (SF), a case-control study was conducted. A total of 1023 individuals, including 308 Tibetans, 290 Kazaks and 425 Han, were enrolled in this study, in which cases and controls were 278 and 745, respectively. SF was diagnosed by X-ray absorptiometry. SNPs were genotyped using the Sequenom Mass ARRAY system. The genotypes of ALOX15 rs7220870, rs2664593 and rs1107852 were not associated with the risk of SF. After reconstructing the haplotype of rs7220870 and rs11078528, the risk effect of haplotype CA was found in Han participants aged ≤45 years or with moderate fluoride intake. Diplotype of CC/CC had a protective effect on SF risk in Han participants; whereas, CA/CC diplotype showed a risk effect on SF risk in participants aged ≥65; Our results provide the first evidence of an association between ALOX15 gene polymorphism and SF risk in Han participants.Abbreviation: SF: Skeletal fluorosis; SNP: Single Nucleotide polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Chu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qun Lou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liaowei Wu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fanshuo Yin
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Xu R, Zhang F, Lu J, Wang K, Pan P, Sun Y, Zhang Y. Secreted frizzled-related protein 3 was genetically and functionally associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11281-11295. [PMID: 33820867 PMCID: PMC8109121 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common joint disease in child orthopedics. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 3 (FRZB) plays an important role in joint development. however, no direct association between FRZB and DDH has been demonstrated. Methods: Analysis of genotype distribution and allele frequency for detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of FRZB was performed. FRZB expression was assayed in DDH joint tissues. Further experiments to identify the chondrogenic properties of FRZB were conducted. Potential upstream miRNAs for FRZB were assayed in DDH. Results: Significant difference in genotype distribution for rs3768842 (OR=1.46, P=0.0081) and rs2242040 (OR=0.65, P=0.0067) was found. DDH joint tissues showed significantly higher FRZB expression. FRZB demonstrated chondrogenic and anti-hypertrophic properties in vitro. FRZB modulated cell adhesion pathway and cell spreading by regulating integrins expressions. Upstream miRNAs regulating FRZB expression were identified in DDH synovial fluid. Experiments indicated that downregulated miRNA-454 caused FRZB upregulation in DDH joint. Conclusion: Dysregulated FRZB and its loci were associated with DDH. As a Wnt antagonist with chondrogenic properties, FRZB modulated cell adhesion pathway and cell spreading by regulating integrins expressions. FRZB in multiple DDH joint tissues might be mediated by the dysregulated miRNA expression profiles in the joint synovial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunshan Rehabilitation Hospital, Suzhou 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huai'An People's Hospital Of Hongze, Hongze 223100, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlan Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu 200438, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu 200438, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, KunShan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Huangpu 200011, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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9
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Moradifard S, Hoseinbeyki M, Emam MM, Parchiniparchin F, Ebrahimi-Rad M. Association of the Sp1 binding site and -1997 promoter variations in COL1A1 with osteoporosis risk: The application of meta-analysis and bioinformatics approaches offers a new perspective for future research. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 786:108339. [PMID: 33339581 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As a complex disease, osteoporosis is influenced by several genetic markers. Many studies have examined the link between the Sp1 binding site +1245 G > T (rs1800012) and -1997 G > T (rs1107946) variations in the COL1A1 gene with osteoporosis risk. However, the findings of these studies have been contradictory; therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to aggregate additional information and obtain increased statistical power to more efficiently estimate this correlation. A meta-analysis was conducted with studies published between 1991-2020 that were identified by a systematic electronic search of the Scopus and Clarivate Analytics databases. Studies with bone mineral density (BMD) data and complete genotypes of the single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) for the overall and postmenopausal female population were included in this meta-analysis and analyzed using the R metaphor package. A relationship between rs1800012 and significantly decreased BMD values at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was found in individuals carrying the "ss" versus the "SS" genotype in the overall population according to a random effects model (p < 0.0001). Similar results were also found in the postmenopausal female population (p = 0.003 and 0.0002, respectively). Such findings might be an indication of increased osteoporosis risk in both studied groups in individuals with the "ss" genotype. Although no association was identified between the -1997 G > T and low BMD in the overall population, those individuals with the "GT" genotype showed a higher level of BMD than those with "GG" in the subgroup analysis (p = 0.007). To determine which transcription factor (TF) might bind to the -1997 G > T in COL1A1, 45 TFs were identified based on bioinformatics predictions. According to the GSE35958 microarray dataset, 16 of 45 TFs showed differential expression profiles in osteoporotic human mesenchymal stem cells relative to normal samples from elderly donors. By identifying candidate TFs for the -1997 G > T site, our study offers a new perspective for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Emam
- Rheumatology Ward, Loghman Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
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10
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García-Onrubia L, Valentín-Bravo FJ, Coco-Martin RM, González-Sarmiento R, Pastor JC, Usategui-Martín R, Pastor-Idoate S. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165934. [PMID: 32824762 PMCID: PMC7460693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, multifactorial and progressive retinal disease affecting millions of people worldwide. In developed countries, it is the leading cause of vision loss and legal blindness among the elderly. Although the pathogenesis of AMD is still barely understood, recent studies have reported that disorders in the regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play an important role in its etiopathogenesis. The dynamic metabolism of the ECM is closely regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The present review focuses on the crucial processes that occur at the level of the Bruch’s membrane, with special emphasis on MMPs, TIMPs, and the polymorphisms associated with increased susceptibility to AMD development. A systematic literature search was performed, covering the years 1990–2020, using the following keywords: AMD, extracellular matrix, Bruch’s membrane, MMPs, TIMPs, and MMPs polymorphisms in AMD. In both early and advanced AMD, the pathological dynamic changes of ECM structural components are caused by the dysfunction of specific regulators and by the influence of other regulatory systems connected with both genetic and environmental factors. Better insight into the pathological role of MMP/TIMP complexes may lead to the development of new strategies for AMD treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-Onrubia
- Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.-O.); (F.J.V.-B.); (J.C.P.)
| | - Fco. Javier Valentín-Bravo
- Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.-O.); (F.J.V.-B.); (J.C.P.)
| | - Rosa M. Coco-Martin
- Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), National Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca—CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - J. Carlos Pastor
- Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.-O.); (F.J.V.-B.); (J.C.P.)
- Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), National Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.U.-M.); (S.P.-I.)
| | - Salvador Pastor-Idoate
- Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.-O.); (F.J.V.-B.); (J.C.P.)
- Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), National Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.U.-M.); (S.P.-I.)
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11
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Yang XW, Wang F, Qin RZ, Zhou QL, Huang HX. Elevated serum CCL4/MIP-1β levels in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients are linked with disease severity. Biomark Med 2018; 13:17-25. [PMID: 30561228 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate if the serum CC motif ligand 4 (CCL4) levels are linked to disease severity in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). PATIENTS & METHODS We enrolled 66 PMOP females, 68 postmenopausal nonosteoporotic women and 67 healthy women of childbearing age. Bone mineral densities were assessed with dual x-ray absorptiometry scans. The Oswestry disability index and the visual analog scale were employed to quantify functional ability and severity of symptoms. Serum CCL4 levels were examined with a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We observed a significant negative correlation of CCL4 serum levels with bone mineral density. Furthermore, serum CCL4 concentrations were significantly related to the visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores. CONCLUSION Serum CCL4 is a potential biomarker to evaluate disease severity in PMOP females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Wen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangZhou, GuangDong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Air Force General Hospital, Beijing 100142, PR China
| | - Ru-Zi Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangZhou, GuangDong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Qin-Lin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, GuangZhou, GuangDong Province, 510006, PR China
| | - Hong-Xing Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou University of Chinese Medicine, GuangZhou, GuangDong Province, 510170, PR China
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12
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Usategui-Martín R, Vega G, Abad-Manteca L, Ruiz-Mambrilla M, Calero-Paniagua I, Dueñas-Laita A, Pérez-Castrillón JL. Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Polymorphisms in Bone Mineral Density after the Start of Treatment with Atorvastatin. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:766-769. [PMID: 29956474 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- IOBA, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Gemma Vega
- Internal Medicine Service, Rio Carrión Hospital, Palencia, Spain
| | - Laura Abad-Manteca
- Internal Medicine Service, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Mambrilla
- Logopedia Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - José L Pérez-Castrillón
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Internal Medicine Service, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
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13
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Yang Y, Zhao Q, Liu Y, Liu X, Chu Y, Yan H, Fan Y, Huo S, Wang L, Lou Q, Guo N, Sun D, Gao Y. FRZB1 rs2242070 polymorphisms is associated with brick tea type skeletal fluorosis in Kazakhs, but not in Tibetans, China. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2217-2225. [PMID: 29785637 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal fluorosis is a metabolic bone and joint disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride in the bones. Compared with Kazakhs, Tibetans are more likely to develop moderate and severe brick tea type skeletal fluorosis, although they have similar fluoride exposure. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in frizzled-related protein (FRZB) have been associated with osteoarthritis, but their association with the risk of skeletal fluorosis has not been reported. In this paper, we investigated the association of three SNPs (rs7775, rs2242070 and rs9288087) in FRZB1with brick tea type skeletal fluorosis risk in a cross-sectional case-control study conducted in Sinkiang and Qinghai, China. A total of 598 individuals, including 308 Tibetans and 290 Kazakhs, were enrolled in this study, in which cases and controls were 221 and 377, respectively. The skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed according to the Chinese diagnostic criteria of endemic skeletal fluorosis (WS192-2008). The fluoride content in tea water or urine was detected using the fluoride ion electrode. SNPs were assessed using the Sequenom MassARRAY system. Binary logistic regressions found evidence of association with rs2242070 AA genotype in only Kazakh participants [odds ratio (OR) 0.417, 95% CI 0.216-0.807, p = 0.009], but not in Tibetans. When stratified by age, this protective effect of AA genotype in rs2242070 was pronounced in Kazakh participants aged 46-65 (OR 0.321, 95% CI 0.135-0.764, p = 0.010). This protective association with AA genotype in rs2242070 in Kazakhs also appeared to be stronger with tea fluoride intake > 3.5 mg/day (OR 0.396, 95% CI 0.182-0.864, p = 0.020). Our data suggest there might be differential genetic influence on skeletal fluorosis risk in Kazakh and Tibetan participants and that this difference might be modified by tea fluoride intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiaoshi Zhao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanru Chu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huazhu Yan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Simeng Huo
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qun Lou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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14
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Zhang Q, Chen Y, Li J, Chen D, Cheng Z, Xu S, Huang Y, Wang Q. A meta-analysis of the effects of bariatric surgery on fracture risk. Obes Rev 2018; 19:728-736. [PMID: 29334691 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery effectively treats morbid obesity. However, the negative effect of this surgery on the bone is concerning. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the fracture risk associated with bariatric surgery in morbidly obese subjects. Relevant studies published from database inception to September 2017 were identified in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the observational studies, and the Jadad score evaluated randomized controlled trials. Among the 1003 studies initially identified, five observational trials and one randomized controlled trial were eligible for inclusion. All studies included in the meta-analysis were considered high quality. Risk for any type of fracture was higher in the surgical group than in the non-surgical group (risk ratio [RR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.42). After surgery, the fracture risk in non-vertebral sites was significantly increased, especially in the upper limbs (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.87; and RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.15-2.45). Compared with those with restrictive procedures, subjects who underwent mixed restrictive and malabsorptive procedures tended to have an increased fracture risk (RR 1.54, 95% CI 0.96-2.46). To conclude, bariatric surgery is associated with an increased risk of total and non-vertebral fractures, especially in the upper limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - D Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Z Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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15
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Zeng Y, Si H, Wu Y, Li Y, Cao F, Li C, He Z, Chen Z, Shen B. Gene Therapy with Tetracycline-Regulated Human Recombinant COLIA1 cDNA Direct Adenoviral Delivery Enhances Fracture Healing in Osteoporotic Rats. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:902-915. [PMID: 29641324 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of previous studies have indicated that the genetic variation at the collage type I alpha 1 (COLIA1) gene locus influences susceptibility to osteoporosis. However, seldom have studies reported the effect of gene delivery using an adenovirus vector carrying human recombinant COLIA1 cDNA on stimulating osteogenic activity of osteoblasts and enhancing fracture healing of ovariectomized rats. The current study was performed to demonstrate whether direct gene delivery using an adenovirus vector carrying human recombinant COLIA1 cDNA could stimulate osteogenic activity of osteoblast in vitro and enhance fracture healing of ovariectomized rats in vivo. In vitro, the tet-on system regulated COLIA1 gene adenovirus was constructed and transfected to osteoblasts. COLIA1 mRNA and collagen type I levels were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine whether adenovirus transfected successfully. Osteogenic activity of the osteoblasts was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescent staining, mineralized matrix formation, and extracellular calcium levels. In vivo, adenovirus-delivered COLIA1 gene was injected into the fracture site of the tibia in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis, and bone callus condition was assessed to determine whether the COLIA1 gene could accelerate osteoporotic fracture healing. In vitro, the results showed that COLIA1 gene adenovirus transfection could increase osteoblast COLIA1 gene expression and collagen type I protein synthesis, increase alkaline phosphatase activity, and stimulate calcium nodules formation, which exhibited a direct osteogenic effect on the osteoblasts. In vivo, local injection of COLIA1 gene adenovirus increased collagen type I expression, restored bone mineral density, and accelerated fracture healing in ovariectomized rats, without increasing serum collagen type I and liver COLIA1 mRNA levels. This study suggests direct gene delivery using an adenovirus carrying human COLIA1 cDNA can stimulate the osteogenic activity of osteoblasts in vitro and enhance bone fracture healing in vivo. The tet-on system is an ideal gene regulatory system for effective and safe regulation of the therapeutic gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haibo Si
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuangang Wu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Li
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Navy General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Cao
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Canfeng Li
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyao He
- 3 Lab for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- 4 Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Shen
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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16
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Semeghini MS, de Azevedo FG, Fernandes RR, Assis AF, Dernowsek JA, Rosa AL, Siéssere S, Passos GA, Bombonato-Prado KF. Menopause transition promotes distinct modulation of mRNAs and miRNAs expression in calvaria and bone marrow osteoblastic cells. Cell Biol Int 2017; 42:12-24. [PMID: 28574187 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Investigation on functional genome research may contribute to the knowledge of functional roles of different mRNAs and miRNAs in bone cells of osteoporotic animals. Currently, few studies indicate the changes in gene modulation that osteoporosis causes in osteoblastic cells from different sites. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and modulation of mRNAs/miRNAs in osteoblastic cells from calvaria and bone marrow by means of microarray technology. Wistar female rats were divided in sham operated and ovariectomized groups. After 150 days of ovariectomy, cells were isolated from both sites to perform cell culture. Results showed that calvaria cells from ovariectomized rats had a decrease in viability when compared to control groups and to bone marrow cells from osteoporotic rats after 3 days. Alkaline phosphatase activity decreased in calvaria cells from ovariectomized rats whereas it was increased in bone marrow osteoblastic cells in the same group. Microarray data analysis showed 5447 differentially expressed mRNAs and 82 differentially expressed miRNAs in calvaria cells. The same way, 4399 mRNAs and 54 miRNAs were expressed in bone marrow cells. mRNAs associated with bone metabolism such as Anxa5, Sp7, Spp1, Notch1 were distinctively modulated in both sites, as well as miRNAs such as miR-350, miR-542-3p, miR-204-5p, and miR-30e-3p. The RNA species identified in this study could be further used as targets for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Sgarbi Semeghini
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Grilo de Azevedo
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Rodrigo Fernandes
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Freire Assis
- Molecular Immunogenetics Group-Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaína Andrea Dernowsek
- Molecular Immunogenetics Group-Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Selma Siéssere
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Aleixo Passos
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Molecular Immunogenetics Group-Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Fittipaldi Bombonato-Prado
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Tang L, Xia Z, Luo Z, Long H, Zhu Y, Zhao S. Low plasma PDGF-BB levels are associated with estradiol in postmenopausal osteoporosis: PDGF-BB mediated by estradiol in women. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:1332-1339. [PMID: 28606019 PMCID: PMC5625528 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517706630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between low plasma Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) levels and oestradiol in Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Methods This prospective study measured plasma PDGF-BB and oestradiol levels in outpatients who were admitted to our hospital. Participants were screened and then allocated to three groups: normal young women, postmenopausal control, and PMOP. Additionally, Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either sham surgery or bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), and were divided into the following groups: sham, OVX, OVX + oestradiol, and OVX + PDGF-BB. Plasma oestradiol and PDGF-BB levels were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Results A total of 121 participants, including 69 normal young women, 28 patients with primary PMOP, and 24 age-matched postmenopausal women were enrolled. Plasma oestradiol and PDGF-BB levels were lower in postmenopausal women, especially in PMOP ( P < 0.01). Pearson correlations analysis showed that PDGF-BB levels were positively correlated with oestradiol levels and inversely correlated with age ( P < 0.01). The OVX rat model showed that oestradiol replacement increased plasma PDGF-BB levels, while PDGF-BB systematic treatment had no effect on plasma oestradiol levels. Conclusions Plasma PDGF-BB levels are maintained by oestrogen in normal young women and play a major role in PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanhua Tang
- 1 Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuying Xia
- 2 Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongwei Luo
- 3 Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haitao Long
- 3 Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- 3 Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shushan Zhao
- 3 Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Matrix Metallopeptidase-2 Gene rs2287074 Polymorphism is Associated with Brick Tea Skeletal Fluorosis in Tibetans and Kazaks, China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40086. [PMID: 28079131 PMCID: PMC5227713 DOI: 10.1038/srep40086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brick tea skeletal fluorosis is still a public health issue in the north-western area of China. However its pathogenesis remains unknown. Our previous study reveals that the severity of skeletal fluorosis in Tibetans is more serious than that in Kazaks, although they have similar fluoride exposure, suggesting the onset of brick tea type skeletal fluorosis might be genetically influenced. Here we show that MMP-2 rs2287074 SNP (G/A), but not rs243865, was associated with Brick tea type fluorosis in Tibetans and Kazaks, China. The trend test reveals a decline in probability for skeletal fluorosis with increasing number of A alleles in Tibetans. After controlling potential confounders, AA genotype had about 80 percent lower probability of developing skeletal fluorosis than GG genotype in Tibetans (odds ratio = 0.174, 95% CI: 0.053, 0.575), and approximately 53 percent lower probability in Kazaks (odds ratio = 0.462, 95% CI: 0.214, 0.996). A meta-analysis shows that the AA genotype had approximately 63 percent lower odds (odds ratio = 0.373, 95% CI: 0.202, 0.689) compared with GG genotype within the two ethnicities. A significant correlation was also found between the genotype of MMP2 rs2287074 and skeletal fluorosis severity. Therefore, the A allele of MMP2 rs2287074 could be a protective factor for brick tea skeletal fluorosis.
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19
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Holloway KL, Henry MJ, Brennan-Olsen SL, Bucki-Smith G, Nicholson GC, Korn S, Sanders KM, Pasco JA, Kotowicz MA. Non-hip and non-vertebral fractures: the neglected fracture sites. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:905-913. [PMID: 26438309 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Non-hip, non-vertebral fractures (NHNVF) were compared with hip, vertebral and controls. NHNVF were younger and heavier than controls and hip/vertebral fractures in both men and women, respectively. Falls and prior fractures were less common in NHNVF than hip fractures. Glucocorticoid use was lower in NHNVF compared to vertebral fracture (VF) in men. INTRODUCTION Although hip fracture (HF) and vertebral fractures (VF) receive the most attention in the literature and are the targeted sites for fracture prevention, non-hip, non-vertebral fracture (NHNVF) sites account for a greater proportion of fractures than the hip or vertebrae. This study aimed to assess risk factors for NHNVF and compare them with those for HF, VF and controls. METHODS Incident fractures during 2005-2007 for men and 1994-1996 for women were identified using computerised keyword searches of radiological reports, and controls were selected at random from electoral rolls for participation in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Participants aged 60+ years were included in this study. RESULTS Compared to controls, men and women with NHNVF were younger (ORs, 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.94; and 0.96, 0.93-0.98, respectively) and had a lower femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) T-score (age-adjusted; difference [men] 0.383, P = 0.002; [women] 0.287, P = 0.001). Compared to HF, men and women with NHNVF were heavier (difference [men] 9.0 kg, P = 0.01; [women] 7.6 kg, P < 0.001). Heavier weight was also a risk factor for women with NHNVF compared to VF (1.03, 1.01-1.06). In men with NHNVF, falls (0.37, 0.14-0.97) and prior fractures (0.38, 0.15-0.98) were less common compared to HF; and glucocorticoid use was less common for NHNVF (0.30, 0.11-0.85) compared to VF. CONCLUSIONS Given the high numbers of NHNVF sustained by men and women in this study, fracture prevention strategies should focus on individuals with high risk of sustaining these types of fractures, as well as on individuals who are more likely to sustain a HF or VF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Holloway
- Epi-Centre for Healthy Ageing (ECHA), IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Kitchener House (Barwon Health), PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - M J Henry
- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - S L Brennan-Olsen
- Epi-Centre for Healthy Ageing (ECHA), IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Kitchener House (Barwon Health), PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- The Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Rd, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - G Bucki-Smith
- Epi-Centre for Healthy Ageing (ECHA), IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Kitchener House (Barwon Health), PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - G C Nicholson
- The Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Rural Clinical School, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - S Korn
- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - K M Sanders
- The Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Rd, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - J A Pasco
- Epi-Centre for Healthy Ageing (ECHA), IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Kitchener House (Barwon Health), PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - M A Kotowicz
- Epi-Centre for Healthy Ageing (ECHA), IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Kitchener House (Barwon Health), PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
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20
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Pedrera-Canal M, Moran JM, Vera V, Roncero-Martin R, Lavado-Garcia JM, Aliaga I, Pedrera-Zamorano JD. Lack of Influence of Vitamin D Receptor BsmI (rs1544410) Polymorphism on the Rate of Bone Loss in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Spanish Women Affected by Osteoporosis and Followed for Five Years. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138606. [PMID: 26393357 PMCID: PMC4579091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the relation between a polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and quantitative ultrasound of the phalanges (QUS) over a five-year period. The subjects were 456 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis undergoing treatment, aged 59.95±7.97 years (mean±standard deviation [SD]) at baseline. BMD was measured at the hips and lumbar spine by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and QUS was measured by means of amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS) at the phalanges. Lifestyle information was obtained via a questionnaire. The genotype frequencies of the BsmI (rs1544410) gene polymorphism were 29.4%, 47.1%, and 23.5% for bb, Bb, and BB, respectively. After five years, BMD (annual change in %/year) at the femoral neck (FN) showed a significant modification based on the rs1544410 genotype (BB vs Bb); there was an overall decrease in bone mass (-0.70±2.79%/year; P = 0.025). An analysis of covariance with adjustments for age, weight, height, percentage of weight change per year, baseline BMD and calcium intake showed that the observed associations were no longer significant (P = 0.429). No significant associations were found between the QUS measurements and the rs1544410 genotype after the five-year period. Our study limitations includes lack of information about type and length of duration of the osteoporosis treatment. Our results indicate that rs1544410 polymorphisms do not account significantly for the changes in bone mass in Spanish women with osteoporosis undergoing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pedrera-Canal
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose M Moran
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
| | - Vicente Vera
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
| | - Raul Roncero-Martin
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jesus M Lavado-Garcia
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
| | - Ignacio Aliaga
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
| | - Juan D Pedrera-Zamorano
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, University of Extremadura, Nursing Department, Caceres, Spain
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21
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Alonso N, Ralston SH. Unveiling the mysteries of the genetics of osteoporosis. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:925-34. [PMID: 25149083 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a common disease characterised by low bone mineral density and an increased risk of fragility fractures. METHODS We conducted a literature review of relevant studies relating to the genetics of osteoporosis. RESULTS Family studies have revealed that bone density and fractures have a strong heritable component but environmental factors also play an important role. This makes identification of the causative genetic variants challenging. Linkage analysis has been successful in identifying the genes responsible for rare inherited diseases associated with abnormalities of bone mass but has been of limited value in osteoporosis. In contrast, genome-wide association studies in large cohort studies have identified 56 loci with robust evidence of association with bone density and 14 loci that predispose to fractures. Although the effect size of the implicated variants is small, many of the loci contain genes known to be involved in regulating bone cell activity through the RANK and Wnt signalling pathways, whereas others contain novel genes not previously implicated in bone metabolism. In a few instances, whole genome and exome sequencing have been successfully used to identify rare variants of large effect size that influence susceptibility to osteoporosis. CONCLUSION A future challenge will be to conduct fine mapping and functional analysis of the loci implicated in osteoporosis in order to identify the causal genetic variants and examine the mechanisms by which they influence bone cell function and bone mass. Ultimately this may lead to the identification of biomarkers for susceptibility to osteoporosis and fractures or new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Alonso
- Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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22
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Kogelman LJA, Cirera S, Zhernakova DV, Fredholm M, Franke L, Kadarmideen HN. Identification of co-expression gene networks, regulatory genes and pathways for obesity based on adipose tissue RNA Sequencing in a porcine model. BMC Med Genomics 2014; 7:57. [PMID: 25270054 PMCID: PMC4183073 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-7-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a complex metabolic condition in strong association with various diseases, like type 2 diabetes, resulting in major public health and economic implications. Obesity is the result of environmental and genetic factors and their interactions, including genome-wide genetic interactions. Identification of co-expressed and regulatory genes in RNA extracted from relevant tissues representing lean and obese individuals provides an entry point for the identification of genes and pathways of importance to the development of obesity. The pig, an omnivorous animal, is an excellent model for human obesity, offering the possibility to study in-depth organ-level transcriptomic regulations of obesity, unfeasible in humans. Our aim was to reveal adipose tissue co-expression networks, pathways and transcriptional regulations of obesity using RNA Sequencing based systems biology approaches in a porcine model. METHODS We selected 36 animals for RNA Sequencing from a previously created F2 pig population representing three extreme groups based on their predicted genetic risks for obesity. We applied Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to detect clusters of highly co-expressed genes (modules). Additionally, regulator genes were detected using Lemon-Tree algorithms. RESULTS WGCNA revealed five modules which were strongly correlated with at least one obesity-related phenotype (correlations ranging from -0.54 to 0.72, P < 0.001). Functional annotation identified pathways enlightening the association between obesity and other diseases, like osteoporosis (osteoclast differentiation, P = 1.4E-7), and immune-related complications (e.g. Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxity, P = 3.8E-5; B cell receptor signaling pathway, P = 7.2E-5). Lemon-Tree identified three potential regulator genes, using confident scores, for the WGCNA module which was associated with osteoclast differentiation: CCR1, MSR1 and SI1 (probability scores respectively 95.30, 62.28, and 34.58). Moreover, detection of differentially connected genes identified various genes previously identified to be associated with obesity in humans and rodents, e.g. CSF1R and MARC2. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to apply systems biology approaches using porcine adipose tissue RNA-Sequencing data in a genetically characterized porcine model for obesity. We revealed complex networks, pathways, candidate and regulatory genes related to obesity, confirming the complexity of obesity and its association with immune-related disorders and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haja N Kadarmideen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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23
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Heggebö J, Haasters F, Polzer H, Schwarz C, Saller MM, Mutschler W, Schieker M, Prall WC. Aged human mesenchymal stem cells: the duration of bone morphogenetic protein-2 stimulation determines induction or inhibition of osteogenic differentiation. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2014; 6:5242. [PMID: 25002931 PMCID: PMC4083304 DOI: 10.4081/or.2014.5242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a potent osteoinductive cytokine and a growing number of in vitro studies analyze its effects on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) derived from aged or osteoporotic donors. In these studies the exact quantification of osteogenic differentiation capacity is of fundamental interest. Nevertheless, the experimental conditions for osteogenic differentiation of aged hMSC have not been evaluated systematically and vary to a considerable extend. Aim of the study was to assess the influence of cell density, osteogenic differentiation media (ODM) change intervals and duration of BMP-2 stimulation on osteoinduction. Furthermore, time series were carried out for osteogenic differentiation and BMP-2 concentration in ODM/BMP-2 cell culture supernatants. The experiments were performed using hMSC isolated from femoral heads of aged patients undergoing hip joint replacement. ODM change intervals of 96 hours resulted in significantly higher calcium deposition compared to shorter intervals. A cell density of 80% prior to stimulation led to stronger osteoinduction compared to higher cell densities. In ODM, aged hMSC showed a significant induction of calcium deposition after 9 days. Added to ODM, BMP-2 showed a stable concentration in the cell culture supernatants for at least 96 hours. Addition of BMP-2 to ODM for the initial 4 days led to a significantly higher induction of osteogenic differentiation compared to ODM alone. On the other hand, addition of BMP-2 for 21 days almost abrogated the osteoinductive effect of ODM. We could demonstrate that the factors investigated have a substantial impact on the extent of osteogenic differentiation of aged hMSC. Consequently, it is of upmost importance to standardize the experimental conditions in order to enable comparability between different studies. We here define standard conditions for osteogenic differentiation in regard to the specific features of aged hMSC. The finding that BMP-2 induces or inhibits osteogenic differentiation in a time dependent manner indicates an age related alteration in signal transduction of hMSC and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jostein Heggebö
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Florian Haasters
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Hans Polzer
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Christina Schwarz
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Maximilian Michael Saller
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Wolf Mutschler
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Matthias Schieker
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
| | - Wolf Christian Prall
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich , Germany
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24
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Mesner LD, Ray B, Hsu YH, Manichaikul A, Lum E, Bryda EC, Rich SS, Rosen CJ, Criqui MH, Allison M, Budoff MJ, Clemens TL, Farber CR. Bicc1 is a genetic determinant of osteoblastogenesis and bone mineral density. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2736-49. [PMID: 24789909 PMCID: PMC4038574 DOI: 10.1172/jci73072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient bone mineral density (BMD) predicts the likelihood of osteoporotic fracture. While substantial progress has been made toward elucidating the genetic determinants of BMD, our understanding of the factors involved remains incomplete. Here, using a systems genetics approach in the mouse, we predicted that bicaudal C homolog 1 (Bicc1), which encodes an RNA-binding protein, is responsible for a BMD quantitative trait locus (QTL) located on murine chromosome 10. Consistent with this prediction, mice heterozygous for a null allele of Bicc1 had low BMD. We used a coexpression network-based approach to determine how Bicc1 influences BMD. Based on this analysis, we inferred that Bicc1 was involved in osteoblast differentiation and that polycystic kidney disease 2 (Pkd2) was a downstream target of Bicc1. Knock down of Bicc1 and Pkd2 impaired osteoblastogenesis, and Bicc1 deficiency-dependent osteoblast defects were rescued by Pkd2 overexpression. Last, in 2 human BMD genome-wide association (GWAS) meta-analyses, we identified SNPs in BICC1 and PKD2 that were associated with BMD. These results, in both mice and humans, identify Bicc1 as a genetic determinant of osteoblastogenesis and BMD and suggest that it does so by regulating Pkd2 transcript levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry D. Mesner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brianne Ray
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric Lum
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Bryda
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael H. Criqui
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Allison
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew J. Budoff
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas L. Clemens
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles R. Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging
Research and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Molecular
and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Departments of Public Health Sciences and
Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance, California, USA. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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25
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May A, Pettifor JM, Norris SA, Ramsay M, Lombard Z. Genetic factors influencing bone mineral content in a black South African population. J Bone Miner Metab 2013; 31:708-16. [PMID: 23475190 PMCID: PMC3825635 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-013-0431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone mass differs according to ethnic classification, with individuals of African ancestry attaining the highest measurements across numerous skeletal sites. Elevated bone mass is even maintained in those individuals exposed to adverse environmental factors, suggesting a prominent genetic effect that may have clinical or therapeutic value. Using a candidate gene approach, we investigated associations of six candidate genes (ESR1, TNFRSF11A, TNFRSF11B, TNFSF11, SOST and SPP1) with bone mass at the hip and lumbar spine amongst pre-pubertal black South African children (mean age 10.6 years) who formed part of the longitudinal Birth to Twenty cohort. 151 black children were genotyped at 366 polymorphic loci, including 112 previously associated and 254 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Linear regression was used to highlight significant associations whilst adjusting for height, weight, sex and bone area. Twenty-seven markers (8 previously associated and 19 tag SNPs; P < 0.05) were found to be associated with either femoral neck (18) or lumbar spine (9) bone mineral content. These signals were derived from three genes, namely ESR1 (17), TNFRSF11B (9) and SPP1 (1). One marker (rs2485209) maintained its association with the femoral neck after correction for multiple testing (P = 0.038). When compared to results amongst Caucasian adults, we detected differences with respect to associated skeletal sites. Allele frequencies and linkage disequilibrium patterns were also significantly different between populations. Hence, our results support the existence of a strong genetic effect acting at the femoral neck in black South African children, whilst simultaneously highlighting possible causes that account for inter-ethnic bone mass diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew May
- />Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Watkins-Pitchford Building, Room 109, Cnr Hospital and De Korte Street, Braamfontein, 2000 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - John M. Pettifor
- />MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000 South Africa
| | - Shane A. Norris
- />MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000 South Africa
| | - Michèle Ramsay
- />Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Watkins-Pitchford Building, Room 109, Cnr Hospital and De Korte Street, Braamfontein, 2000 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Zané Lombard
- />Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Watkins-Pitchford Building, Room 109, Cnr Hospital and De Korte Street, Braamfontein, 2000 Johannesburg South Africa
- />Wits Bioinformatics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
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26
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Prall WC, Haasters F, Heggebö J, Polzer H, Schwarz C, Gassner C, Grote S, Anz D, Jäger M, Mutschler W, Schieker M. Mesenchymal stem cells from osteoporotic patients feature impaired signal transduction but sustained osteoinduction in response to BMP-2 stimulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 440:617-22. [PMID: 24099772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporotic fractures show reduced callus formation and delayed bone healing. Cellular sources of fracture healing are mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) that differentiate into osteoblasts by stimulation with osteoinductive cytokines, such as BMP-2. We hypothesized that impaired signal transduction and reduced osteogenic differentiation capacity in response to BMP-2 may underlie the delayed fracture healing. Therefore, MSC were isolated from femoral heads of healthy and osteoporotic patients. Grouping was carried out by bone mineral densitometry in an age-matched manner. MSC were stimulated with BMP-2. Signal transduction was assessed by western blotting of pSMAD1/5/8 and pERK1/2 as well as by quantitative RT-PCR of Runx-2, Dlx5, and Osteocalcin. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by quantifying Alizarin Red staining. Osteoporotic MSC featured an accurate phosphorylation pattern of SMAD1/5/8 but a significantly reduced activation of ERK1/2 by BMP-2 stimulation. Furthermore, osteoporotic MSC showed significantly reduced basal expression levels of Runx-2 and Dlx5. However, Runx-2, Dlx5, and Osteocalcin expression showed adequate up-regulation due to BMP-2 stimulation. The global osteogenic differentiation in standard osteogenic differentiation media was reduced in osteoporotic MSC. Nevertheless, osteoporotic MSC were shown to feature an adequate induction of osteogenic differentiation due to BMP-2 stimulation. Taken together, we here demonstrate osteoporosis associated alterations in BMP-2 signaling but sustained specific osteogenic differentiation capacity in response to BMP-2. Therefore, BMP-2 may represent a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of fractures in osteoporotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf Christian Prall
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Munich (LMU), Nußbaumstr. 20, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
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27
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Kleinstein SE, Heath L, Makar KW, Poole EM, Seufert BL, Slattery ML, Xiao L, Duggan DJ, Hsu L, Curtin K, Koepl L, Muehling J, Taverna D, Caan BJ, Carlson CS, Potter JD, Ulrich CM. Genetic variation in the lipoxygenase pathway and risk of colorectal neoplasia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:437-49. [PMID: 23404351 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX) enzymes metabolize arachidonic acid to generate potent inflammatory mediators and play an important role in inflammation-associated diseases. We investigated associations between colorectal cancer risk and polymorphisms in ALOX5, FLAP, ALOX12, and ALOX15, and their interactions with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. We genotyped fifty tagSNPs, one candidate SNP, and two functional promoter variable nucleotide tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms in three US population-based case-control studies of colon cancer (1,424 cases/1,780 controls), rectal cancer (583 cases/775 controls), and colorectal adenomas (485 cases/578 controls). Individuals with variant genotypes of the ALOX5 VNTR had a decreased risk of rectal cancer, with the strongest association seen for individuals with one or more alleles of >5 repeats (wild type = 5, OR>5/≥5 = 0.42, 95% CI 0.20-0.92; P = 0.01). Four SNPs in FLAP (rs17239025), ALOX12 (rs2073438), and ALOX15 (rs4796535 and rs2619112) were associated with rectal cancer risk at P ≤ 0.05. One SNP in FLAP (rs12429692) was associated with adenoma risk. A false discovery rate (FDR) was applied to account for false positives due to multiple testing; the ALOX15 associations were noteworthy at 25% FDR. Colorectal neoplasia risk appeared to be modified by NSAID use in individuals with variant alleles in FLAP and ALOX15. One noteworthy interaction (25% FDR) was observed for rectal cancer. Genetic variability in ALOXs may affect risk of colorectal neoplasia, particularly for rectal cancer. Additionally, genetic variability in FLAP and ALOX15 may modify the protective effect of NSAID use against colorectal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Kleinstein
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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28
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Wang C, Zhang Z, Zhang H, He JW, Gu JM, Hu WW, Hu YQ, Li M, Liu YJ, Fu WZ, Yue H, Ke YH, Zhang ZL. Susceptibility genes for osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal Chinese women. J Bone Miner Res 2012; 27:2582-91. [PMID: 22807154 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To identify the susceptibility genes for osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal Chinese women, a two-stage case-control association study using joint analysis was conducted in 1046 patients with nontraumatic vertebra, hip, or distal radius fractures and 2303 healthy controls. First, 113 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 16 potential osteoporosis candidate genes reported in recent genomewide association studies, meta-analyses studies, large-scale association studies, and functional studies were genotyped in a small-sample-size subgroup consisting of 541 patients with osteoporotic fractures and 554 healthy controls. Variants and haplotypes in SPTBN1, TNFRSF11B, CNR2, LRP4, and ESR1 that have been identified as being associated with osteoporotic fractures were further reanalyzed in the entire case-control group. We identified one SNP in TNFRSF11B (rs3102734), three SNPs in ESR1 (rs9397448, rs2234693, and rs1643821), two SNPs in LRP4 (rs17790156 and rs898604), and four SNPs in SPTBN1 (rs2971886, rs2941583, rs2941584, and rs12475342) were associated with all of the broadly defined osteoporotic fractures. The most significant polymorphism was rs3102734, with increased risk of osteoporotic fractures (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.55, Bonferroni p = 2.6 × 10(-4) ). Furthermore, rs3102734, rs2941584, rs12475342, rs9397448, rs2234693, and rs898604 exhibited significant allelic, genotypic, and/or haplotypic associations with vertebral fractures. SNPs rs12475342, rs9397448, and rs2234693 showed significant genotypic associations with hip fractures, whereas rs3102734, rs2073617, rs1643821, rs12475342, and rs2971886 exhibited significant genotypic and/or haplotypic associations with distal radius fractures. Accordingly, we suggest that in addition to the clinical risk factors, the variants in TNFRSF11B, SPTBN1, ESR1, and LRP4 are susceptibility genetic loci for osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Metabolic Bone Disease and Genetics Research Unit, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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29
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Cho YJ, Kim NH, Jeong KA, Lee JY, Moon HS, Kim HL, Chung HW. Association BetweenMMP-2andTIMP-2Gene Polymorphisms and Advanced-Stage Endometriosis in Korean Women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 69:73-84. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jean Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Dong-A University School of Medicine; Pusan; South Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; School of Medicine; Ewha Womans University; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; School of Medicine; Ewha Womans University; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Konkuk University School of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Moon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; School of Medicine; Ewha Womans University; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Hyung-Lae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Research Institute; School of Medicine; Ewha Womans University; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Hye Won Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; School of Medicine; Ewha Womans University; Seoul; South Korea
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30
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Sadat-Ali M, Al-Turki HA. Genetic influence of candidate osteoporosis genes in saudi arabian population: a pilot study. J Osteoporos 2012; 2012:569145. [PMID: 22545221 PMCID: PMC3321568 DOI: 10.1155/2012/569145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives. The purpose of the present study is to find the genes and SNP that influence BMD and postmenopausal Saudi women. Material and Methods. Two-hundred ethnic Saudi Arabian women with a diagnosis of postmenopausal osteoporosis were the subjects of this study. Baseline blood hematology, biochemistry, and bone panel were done. Blood was collected, and three TaqMan-MGB probes were used to analyze SNP variants in ALOX15 (rs7220870), LRP5 (C 25752205 10), and TNFRSF11B (C 11869235 10). Results. The variant of ALOX15 17p13 showed that the BMD of the spine was lower in the AA allele (P value <0.002) and fractures were highest at 50% compared to CC allele. In the TNFRSF11B gene, BMD of the hip and spine was significantly higher in the GG allele and the history of fractures was significantly higher in GG group. With regard to the LRP5 (C 25752205 10) gene, there was no significant difference between allele groups. Conclusion(s). This study shows that the genetic influence of osteoporosis in the Caucasian and Saudi Arabians population is similar. We believe that the same genetic markers that influence osteoporosis in the Caucasian race could be used for further studies in the Saudi Arabian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Sadat-Ali
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Dammam and King Fahd University Hospital, AlKhobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa A. Al-Turki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Dammam and King Fahd University Hospital, AlKhobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Zhang YP, Liu YZ, Guo Y, Liu XG, Xu XH, Guo YF, Chen Y, Zhang F, Pan F, Zhu XZ, Deng HW. Pathway-based association analyses identified TRAIL pathway for osteoporotic fractures. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21835. [PMID: 21760914 PMCID: PMC3132733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hip OF carries the highest morbidity and mortality. Previous studies revealed that individual genes/loci in the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) -Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) pathway were associated with bone metabolism. This study aims to verify the potential association between hip OF and TRAIL pathway. Methods Using genome-wide genotype data from Affymetrix 500 K SNP arrays, we performed novel pathway-based association analyses for hip OF in 700 elderly Chinese Han subjects (350 with hip OF and 350 healthy matched controls). Results The TRAIL pathway achieved a significant p value (p = 0.01) for association with hip OF. Among the 38 genes in the TRAIL pathway, seven genes achieved nominally significant association with hip OF (p<0.05); the TNFSF10 (TRAIL) gene obtained the most significant p value (p = 1.70×10−4). SNPs (rs719126, rs6533015, rs9594738, rs1805034, rs11160706) from five genes (CFLAR, NFKB1, TNFSF11, TNFRSF11A, TRAF3) of the pathway had minor alleles that appear to be protective to hip OF. SNPs (rs6445063 and rs4259415) from two genes (TNFSF10 and TNFRSF10B) of the pathway had minor alleles (A) that are associated with an increased risk of hip OF, with the ORs (odds ratios) of 16.51 (95%CI:3.83–71.24) and 1.37 (95%CI:1.08–1.74), respectively. Conclusions Our study supports the potential role of the TRAIL pathway in the pathogenesis of hip OF in Chinese Han population. Further functional study of this pathway will be pursued to determine the mechanism by which it confers risk to hip OF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ping Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (Y-PZ); (H-WD)
| | - Yao-Zhong Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Yan Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Gang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fang Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Zhen Zhu
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Department of Biostatistics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (Y-PZ); (H-WD)
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32
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Kruithof BPT, Fritz DT, Liu Y, Garsetti DE, Frank DB, Pregizer SK, Gaussin V, Mortlock DP, Rogers MB. An autonomous BMP2 regulatory element in mesenchymal cells. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:666-74. [PMID: 21268088 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BMP2 is a morphogen that controls mesenchymal cell differentiation and behavior. For example, BMP2 concentration controls the differentiation of mesenchymal precursors into myocytes, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. Sequences within the 3'untranslated region (UTR) of the Bmp2 mRNA mediate a post-transcriptional block of protein synthesis. Interaction of cell and developmental stage-specific trans-regulatory factors with the 3'UTR is a nimble and versatile mechanism for modulating this potent morphogen in different cell types. We show here, that an ultra-conserved sequence in the 3'UTR functions independently of promoter, coding region, and 3'UTR context in primary and immortalized tissue culture cells and in transgenic mice. Our findings indicate that the ultra-conserved sequence is an autonomously functioning post-transcriptional element that may be used to modulate the level of BMP2 and other proteins while retaining tissue specific regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boudewijn P T Kruithof
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry (UMDNJ)-New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Newark, New Jersey 07101-1709, USA
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33
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Rojo Venegas K, Aguilera Gómez M, Eisman JA, García Sánchez A, Faus Dader MJ, Calleja Hernández MA. Pharmacogenetics of osteoporosis-related bone fractures: moving towards the harmonization and validation of polymorphism diagnostic tools. Pharmacogenomics 2011; 11:1287-303. [PMID: 20860468 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.10.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most common skeletal chronic conditions in developed countries, hip fracture being one of its major healthcare outcomes. There is considerable variation in the implementation of current pharmacological treatment and prevention, despite consistent recommendations and guidelines. Many studies have reported conflicting findings of genetic associations with bone density and turnover that might predict fracture risk. Moreover, it is not clear whether genetic differences exist in relation to the morbidity and efficiency of the pharmacotherapy treatments. Clinical response, including beneficial and adverse events associated with osteoporosis treatments, is highly variable among individuals. In this context, the present article intends to summarize putative candidate genes and genome-wide association studies that have been related with BMD and fracture risk, and to draw the attention to the need for pharmacogenetic methodology that could be applicable in clinical translational research after an adequate validation process. This article mainly compiles analysis of important polymorphisms in osteoporosis documented previously, and it describes the simple molecular biology tools for routine genotype acquisition. Validation of methods for the easy, fast and accessible identification of SNPs is necessary for evolving pharmacogenetic diagnostic tools in order to contribute to the discovery of clinically relevant genetic variation with an impact on osteoporosis and its personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Rojo Venegas
- Pharmacogenetics Unit, Pharmacy Service, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, CP:18014, Granada, Spain.
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34
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Xu XH, Dong SS, Guo Y, Yang TL, Lei SF, Papasian CJ, Zhao M, Deng HW. Molecular genetic studies of gene identification for osteoporosis: the 2009 update. Endocr Rev 2010; 31:447-505. [PMID: 20357209 PMCID: PMC3365849 DOI: 10.1210/er.2009-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex human disease that results in increased susceptibility to fragility fractures. It can be phenotypically characterized using several traits, including bone mineral density, bone size, bone strength, and bone turnover markers. The identification of gene variants that contribute to osteoporosis phenotypes, or responses to therapy, can eventually help individualize the prognosis, treatment, and prevention of fractures and their adverse outcomes. Our previously published reviews have comprehensively summarized the progress of molecular genetic studies of gene identification for osteoporosis and have covered the data available to the end of September 2007. This review represents our continuing efforts to summarize the important and representative findings published between October 2007 and November 2009. The topics covered include genetic association and linkage studies in humans, transgenic and knockout mouse models, as well as gene-expression microarray and proteomics studies. Major results are tabulated for comparison and ease of reference. Comments are made on the notable findings and representative studies for their potential influence and implications on our present understanding of the genetics of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hong Xu
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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35
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Osteoporosis in Patients With a Low-Energy Fracture: 3 Years of Screening in an Osteoporosis Outpatient Clinic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 69:169-73. [DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e3181ca081f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Duncan EL, Brown MA. Clinical review 2: Genetic determinants of bone density and fracture risk--state of the art and future directions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:2576-87. [PMID: 20375209 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Osteoporosis is a common, highly heritable condition that causes substantial morbidity and mortality, the etiopathogenesis of which is poorly understood. Genetic studies are making increasingly rapid progress in identifying the genes involved. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION AND SYNTHESIS In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of the genetics of osteoporosis based on publications from PubMed from the year 1987 onward. CONCLUSIONS Most genes involved in osteoporosis identified to date encode components of known pathways involved in bone synthesis or resorption, but as the field progresses, new pathways are being identified. Only a small proportion of the total genetic variation involved in osteoporosis has been identified, and new approaches will be required to identify most of the remaining genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Duncan
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology and Metabolic Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
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Velasco J, Hernández JL, Pérez-Castrillón JL, Zarrabeitia MT, Alonso MA, González-Macías J, Riancho JA. Haplotypes of intron 4 of the estrogen receptor alpha gene and hip fractures: a replication study in Caucasians. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 11:16. [PMID: 20109228 PMCID: PMC2837017 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-11-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite their great impact, few genetic association studies have used hip fractures as an endpoint. However, the association of two polymorphisms on intron 4 of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) with hip fractures was recently reported in a Chinese population. The aim of this study was to investigate whether such association is also present in Caucasians. Methods We analyzed those two SNPs and another neighbour SNP located on the exon 4 of ESR1 in 787 patients with hip fractures and 953 controls from Spain. Results The allelic frequencies differed markedly from those reported in Asian populations. Nevertheless, haplotypes including the rs3020314 and rs1884051 loci in intron 4 showed a significant association with hip fractures (omnibus test p = 0.006 in the whole group and 0.00005 in women). In the sex-stratified analysis, the association was significant in females, but not in males. In women, the CA haplotype appeared to have a protective influence, being present in 6.5% of the controls, but only in 3% of patients with fractures (odds ratio 0.39; 95% confidence interval 0.26-0.59; estimated population preventive fraction 3.5%). The inclusion of the rs1801132 SNP of exon 4 further increased the statistical significance of the association (odds ratio 0.17; 95% CI 0.08-0.37; p = 0.00001). Each SNP appeared to contribute independently to the association. No genotype-related differences in gene expression were found in 42 femoral bone samples. Conclusions This study confirms the association of some polymorphisms in the region of exon 4/intron 4 of ESR1 and hip fractures in women. However, there are marked differences in allele frequencies between Asian and Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Velasco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U,M, Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, RETICEF, Santander, Spain
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Li WF, Hou SX, Yu B, Li MM, Férec C, Chen JM. Genetics of osteoporosis: accelerating pace in gene identification and validation. Hum Genet 2009; 127:249-85. [PMID: 20101412 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to an increased risk of fractures. It is the most common metabolic bone disorder worldwide, affecting one in three women and one in eight men over the age of 50. In the past 15 years, a large number of genes have been reported as being associated with osteoporosis. However, only in the past 4 years we have witnessed an accelerated pace in identifying and validating osteoporosis susceptibility loci. This increase in pace is mostly due to large-scale association studies, meta-analyses, and genome-wide association studies of both single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations. A comprehensive review of these developments revealed that, to date, at least 15 genes (VDR, ESR1, ESR2, LRP5, LRP4, SOST, GRP177, OPG, RANK, RANKL, COLIA1, SPP1, ITGA1, SP7, and SOX6) can be reasonably assigned as confirmed osteoporosis susceptibility genes, whereas, another >30 genes are promising candidate genes. Notably, confirmed and promising genes are clustered in three biological pathways, the estrogen endocrine pathway, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, and the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. New biological pathways will certainly emerge when more osteoporosis genes are identified and validated. These genetic findings may provide new routes toward improved therapeutic and preventive interventions of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, 100037 Beijing, China
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Devaney JM, Tosi LL, Fritz DT, Gordish-Dressman HA, Jiang S, Orkunoglu-Suer FE, Gordon AH, Harmon BT, Thompson PD, Clarkson PM, Angelopoulos TJ, Gordon PM, Moyna NM, Pescatello LS, Visich PS, Zoeller RF, Brandoli C, Hoffman EP, Rogers MB. Differences in fat and muscle mass associated with a functional human polymorphism in a post-transcriptional BMP2 gene regulatory element. J Cell Biochem 2009; 107:1073-82. [PMID: 19492344 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A classic morphogen, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) regulates the differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells. High BMP2 levels promote osteogenesis or chondrogenesis and low levels promote adipogenesis. BMP2 inhibits myogenesis. Thus, BMP2 synthesis is tightly controlled. Several hundred nucleotides within the 3' untranslated regions of BMP2 genes are conserved from mammals to fishes indicating that the region is under stringent selective pressure. Our analyses indicate that this region controls BMP2 synthesis by post-transcriptional mechanisms. A common A to C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BMP2 gene (rs15705, +A1123C) disrupts a putative post-transcriptional regulatory motif within the human ultra-conserved sequence. In vitro studies indicate that RNAs bearing the A or C alleles have different protein binding characteristics in extracts from mesenchymal cells. Reporter genes with the C allele of the ultra-conserved sequence were differentially expressed in mesenchymal cells. Finally, we analyzed MRI data from the upper arm of 517 healthy individuals aged 18-41 years. Individuals with the C/C genotype were associated with lower baseline subcutaneous fat volumes (P = 0.0030) and an increased gain in skeletal muscle volume (P = 0.0060) following resistance training in a cohort of young males. The rs15705 SNP explained 2-4% of inter-individual variability in the measured parameters. The rs15705 variant is one of the first genetic markers that may be exploited to facilitate early diagnosis, treatment, and/or prevention of diseases associated with poor fitness. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms by which regulatory polymorphisms influence BMP2 synthesis will reveal novel pharmaceutical targets for these disabling conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Devaney
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia 20010, USA
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Sanders KM, Stuart AL, Merriman EN, Read ML, Kotowicz MA, Young D, Taylor R, Blair-Holt I, Mander AG, Nicholson GC. Trials and tribulations of recruiting 2,000 older women onto a clinical trial investigating falls and fractures: Vital D study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2009; 9:78. [PMID: 19930724 PMCID: PMC2790455 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-9-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Randomised, placebo-controlled trials are needed to provide evidence demonstrating safe, effective interventions that reduce falls and fractures in the elderly. The quality of a clinical trial is dependent on successful recruitment of the target participant group. This paper documents the successes and failures of recruiting over 2,000 women aged at least 70 years and at higher risk of falls or fractures onto a placebo-controlled trial of six years duration. The characteristics of study participants at baseline are also described for this study. Methods The Vital D Study recruited older women identified at high risk of fracture through the use of an eligibility algorithm, adapted from identified risk factors for hip fracture. Participants were randomised to orally receive either 500,000 IU vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) or placebo every autumn for five consecutive years. A variety of recruitment strategies were employed to attract potential participants. Results Of the 2,317 participants randomised onto the study, 74% (n = 1716/2317) were consented onto the study in the last five months of recruiting. This was largely due to the success of a targeted mail-out. Prior to this only 541 women were consented in the 18 months of recruiting. A total of 70% of all participants were recruited as a result of targeted mail-out. The response rate from the letters increased from 2 to 7% following revision of the material by a public relations company. Participant demographic or risk factor profile did not differ between those recruited by targeted mail-outs compared with other methods. Conclusion The most successful recruitment strategy was the targeted mail-out and the response rate was no higher in the local region where the study had extensive exposure through other recruiting strategies. The strategies that were labour-intensive and did not result in successful recruitment include the activities directed towards the GP medical centres. Comprehensive recruitment programs employ overlapping strategies simultaneously with ongoing assessment of recruitment rates. In our experience, and others direct mail-outs work best although rights to privacy must be respected. Trial registration ISRCTN83409867 and ACTR12605000658617.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerrie M Sanders
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences; Barwon Health, The University of Melbourne, Geelong, Australia.
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Vidal C, Cachia A, Xuereb-Anastasi A. Effects of a synonymous variant in exon 9 of the CD44 gene on pre-mRNA splicing in a family with osteoporosis. Bone 2009; 45:736-42. [PMID: 19580891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In a previous linkage study, suggestive linkage to osteoporosis was observed in marker D11S1392 on chromosome 11p12. The CD44 gene, found at this locus, was sequenced in one of the families studied. Sequencing all coding regions and promoter in affected and non-affected family members revealed a number of sequence variants, one of which was found to be linked and inherited identical by descent together with the linked STR allele. This G to A variant, which does not cause an amino acid change, was found in exon 9 of the CD44 gene, 32 base pairs upstream from the exon-intron junction. Preliminary analysis using a bioinformatics tool suggested that the presence of the A allele abolished an exon splicing enhancer (ESE) site, thus possibly affecting RNA splicing. It was observed using an exon-trapping vector, that in the presence of the A allele, only one transcript was observed in RAW264.7 cells, as opposed to two transcripts transcribed in the presence of the G allele. These observations suggest that the linked synonymous variant found in exon 9 of the CD44 gene might be increasing susceptibility to osteoporosis in this family by affecting the splicing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Vidal
- Department of Pathology, University of Malta, Medical School, G'Mangia, Malta
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Giroux S, Rousseau F. Genes and osteoporosis: time for a change in strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2217/ijr.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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