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Sohns E, Szmulewicz DJ, Tarnutzer AA. Oculomotor and Vestibular Deficits in Friedreich Ataxia - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quantitative Measurements. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024:10.1007/s12311-024-01716-8. [PMID: 39066865 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-024-01716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Disease-specific oculomotor assessments play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of hereditary cerebellar ataxias. Whereas several studies have reported on quantitative oculomotor and vestibular measurements in Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA), the value of specific oculomotor paradigms remains unclear. We aimed to address this knowledge gap through a systematic literature review and providing disease-specific recommendations for a tailored set of eye-movement recordings in FRDA. MEDLINE and Embase were searched for studies reporting on quantitative oculomotor and/or vestibular measurements in FRDA-patients. Data on oculomotor and vestibular parameters were extracted and correlations with a range of clinical parameters were sought. Included studies (n = 17) reported on 185 patients. Abnormalities observed included the presence of saccadic intrusions (143/161) such as square-wave jerks (SWJ, 90/109) and ocular flutter (21/43), impaired eccentric gaze-holding (40/104), abnormal pursuit (81/93) and angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) deficits (39/48). For visually-guided saccades (VGS), we frequently observed increases in saccade latency (27/38) and dysmetric saccades (71/93), whereas saccade velocity was more often preserved (37/43). Augmented anti-saccade (AS) latency, downbeat nystagmus and frequent macro-SWJ correlated with disease duration. Increased AS-latency and VGS-latency, frequent macro-SWJ, reduced aVOR-gain and augmented aVOR peak-latency correlated with disease severity. A broad range of oculomotor and vestibular deficits are documented in the literature. Impairments in pursuit, saccades and aVOR-responses are most commonly reported, and as such, should be prioritized as disease markers. Quantitative oculomotor testing in FRDA may facilitate early diagnosis and prove valuable in monitoring disease progression and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sohns
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D J Szmulewicz
- Balance Disorders & Ataxia Service, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Bionics Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne AU, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A A Tarnutzer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neurology, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, Baden, 5404, Switzerland.
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Al-Arab N, Hannoun S. White matter integrity assessment in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patients. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:67-72. [PMID: 37953094 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the burden of white matter (WM) damage in the cerebrum and cerebellum of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patients in an attempt to identify key regions affected by the neurodegenerative processes using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine SCA2 patients and 16 age-matched healthy controls were examined twice (SCA2 patients 3.6 ± 0.7 years and controls 3.3 ± 1.0 years apart) on the same 1.5 T scanner by acquiring T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted (b-value = 1,000 s/mm2) images. Using tract-based spatial statistics, DTI analysis on fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial (AD)/radial (RD) diffusivity was performed. RESULTS At baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), FA was significantly decreased in SCA2 patients in the corticospinal tracts, inferior and superior cerebellar peduncles, middle cerebellar peduncles, cerebral peduncles, right superior and posterior corona radiata. RD was only significantly increased in SCA2 patients in the middle cerebellar peduncles. No significant AD and MD changes were observed. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis between SCA2 patients at baseline and at follow-up showed no significant changes in any of the DTI metrics. CONCLUSIONS DTI is a sensitive tool for following the progression of WM neurodegeneration and severity assessment in patients with SCA2. These findings add to a better understanding of the neurological underpinnings of the symptoms experienced by SCA2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Al-Arab
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - S Hannoun
- Medical Imaging Sciences Program, Division of Health Professions, Faculty of Public Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Abu-Haidar Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Jiao S, Wang K, Zhang L, Luo Y, Lin J, Han Z. Developmental plasticity of the structural network of the occipital cortex in congenital blindness. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11526-11540. [PMID: 37851850 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The occipital cortex is the visual processing center in the mammalian brain. An unanswered scientific question pertains to the impact of congenital visual deprivation on the development of various profiles within the occipital network. To address this issue, we recruited 30 congenitally blind participants (8 children and 22 adults) as well as 31 sighted participants (10 children and 21 adults). Our investigation focused on identifying the gray matter regions and white matter connections within the occipital cortex, alongside behavioral measures, that demonstrated different developmental patterns between blind and sighted individuals. We discovered significant developmental changes in the gray matter regions and white matter connections of the occipital cortex among blind individuals from childhood to adulthood, in comparison with sighted individuals. Moreover, some of these structures exhibited cognitive functional reorganization. Specifically, in blind adults, the posterior occipital regions (left calcarine fissure and right middle occipital gyrus) showed reorganization of tactile perception, and the forceps major tracts were reorganized for braille reading. These plastic changes in blind individuals may be attributed to experience-dependent neuronal apoptosis, pruning, and myelination. These findings provide valuable insights into the longitudinal neuroanatomical and cognitive functional plasticity of the occipital network following long-term visual deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiyi Jiao
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ke Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Linjun Zhang
- School of Chinese as a Second Language, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yudan Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junfeng Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zaizhu Han
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
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Adanyeguh IM, Joers JM, Deelchand DK, Hutter DH, Eberly LE, Guo B, Iltis I, Bushara KO, Henry PG, Lenglet C. Brain MRI detects early-stage alterations and disease progression in Friedreich ataxia. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad196. [PMID: 37483529 PMCID: PMC10360047 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar and spinal atrophy. However, studies to elucidate the longitudinal progression of the pathology in the brain are somewhat inconsistent and limited, especially for early-stage Friedreich ataxia. Using a multimodal neuroimaging protocol, combined with advanced analysis methods, we sought to identify macrostructural and microstructural alterations in the brain of patients with early-stage Friedreich ataxia to better understand its distribution patterns and progression. We enrolled 28 patients with Friedreich ataxia and 20 age- and gender-matched controls. Longitudinal clinical and imaging data were collected in the patients at baseline, 12, 24 and 36 months. Macrostructural differences were observed in patients with Friedreich ataxia, compared to controls, including lower volume of the cerebellar white matter (but not cerebellar grey matter), superior cerebellar peduncle, thalamus and brainstem structures, and higher volume of the fourth ventricle. Diffusion tensor imaging and fixel-based analysis metrics also showed microstructural differences in several brain regions, especially in the cerebellum and corticospinal tract. Over time, many of these macrostructural and microstructural alterations progressed, especially cerebellar grey and white matter volumes, and microstructure of the superior cerebellar peduncle, posterior limb of the internal capsule and superior corona radiata. In addition, linear regressions showed significant associations between many of those imaging metrics and clinical scales. This study provides evidence of early-stage macrostructural and microstructural alterations and of progression over time in the brain in Friedreich ataxia. Moreover, it allows to non-invasively map such brain alterations over a longer period (3 years) than any previous study, and identifies several brain regions with significant involvement in the disease progression besides the cerebellum. We show that fixel-based analysis of diffusion MRI data is particularly sensitive to longitudinal change in the cerebellar peduncles, as well as motor and sensory white matter tracts. In combination with other morphometric measures, they may therefore provide sensitive imaging biomarkers of disease progression for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M Adanyeguh
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - James M Joers
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Diane H Hutter
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lynn E Eberly
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bin Guo
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Isabelle Iltis
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Khalaf O Bushara
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Pierre-Gilles Henry
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Christophe Lenglet
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Roberts D, Rösler L, Wijnen JP, Thakkar KN. Associations between N-Acetylaspartate and white matter integrity in individuals with schizophrenia and unaffected relatives. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 330:111612. [PMID: 36805928 PMCID: PMC10023491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Compromised white matter has been reported in schizophrenia; however, few studies have investigated neurochemical abnormalities underlying microstructural differences. N-acetylaspartate (NAA) is used to synthesize myelin and is often reduced in persons with schizophrenia (PSZ) and their unaffected first-degree relatives (REL). Low levels of NAA could affect white matter by preventing the synthesis or repair of myelin. We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging to investigate the relationship between NAA and white matter integrity in PSZ. REL were included to examine whether putative relationships are associated with symptom expression or illness liability. 52 controls, 23 REL and 25 PSZ underwent 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and/or 3T diffusion tensor imaging. NAA in the visual cortex and basal ganglia were measured and compared across groups. Diffusivity measures were compared across groups using tract-based spatial statistics and related to NAA concentrations. Visual cortex NAA was significantly reduced in PSZ compared to controls. White matter integrity did not differ between groups. Reduced cortical and subcortical NAA were associated with diffusivity measures of poor white matter microstructure. These data suggest that levels of neural NAA may be related to white matter integrity similarly across individuals with schizophrenia, those at genetic risk, and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Lara Rösler
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie P Wijnen
- Department of Radiology, High Field MR Research, Centre for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katharine N Thakkar
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States.
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Kerestes R, Cummins H, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Selvadurai LP, Corben LA, Delatycki MB, Egan GF, Harding IH. Reduced cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity correlates with disease severity and impaired white matter integrity in Friedreich ataxia. J Neurol 2023; 270:2360-2369. [PMID: 36859626 PMCID: PMC10130106 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disease characterised in most cases by progressive and debilitating motor dysfunction. Degeneration of cerebellar white matter pathways have been previously reported, alongside indications of cerebello-cerebral functional alterations. In this work, we examine resting-state functional connectivity changes within cerebello-cerebral circuits, and their associations with disease severity (Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia [SARA]), psychomotor function (speeded and paced finger tapping), and white matter integrity (diffusion tensor imaging) in 35 adults with FRDA and 45 age and sex-matched controls. Voxel-wise seed-based functional connectivity was assessed for three cerebellar cortical regions (anterior lobe, lobules I-V; superior posterior lobe, lobules VI-VIIB; inferior posterior lobe, lobules VIIIA-IX) and two dentate nucleus seeds (dorsal and ventral). Compared to controls, people with FRDA showed significantly reduced connectivity between the anterior cerebellum and bilateral pre/postcentral gyri, and between the superior posterior cerebellum and left dorsolateral PFC. Greater disease severity correlated with lower connectivity in these circuits. Lower anterior cerebellum-motor cortex functional connectivity also correlated with slower speeded finger tapping and less fractional anisotropy in the superior cerebellar peduncles, internal capsule, and precentral white matter in the FRDA cohort. There were no significant between-group differences in inferior posterior cerebellar or dentate nucleus connectivity. This study indicates that altered cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity is associated with functional status and white matter damage in cerebellar efferent pathways in people with FRDA, particularly in motor circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kerestes
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hannah Cummins
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louisa P Selvadurai
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louise A Corben
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Ian H Harding
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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7
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Park YW, Joers JM, Guo B, Hutter D, Bushara K, Adanyeguh IM, Eberly LE, Öz G, Lenglet C. Corrigendum: Assessment of cerebral and cerebellar white matter microstructure in spinocerebellar ataxias 1, 2, 3, and 6 using diffusion MRI. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1038298. [PMID: 36247785 PMCID: PMC9559733 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1038298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Woo Park
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Young Woo Park
| | - James M. Joers
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bin Guo
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Diane Hutter
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Khalaf Bushara
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Isaac M. Adanyeguh
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Lynn E. Eberly
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Gülin Öz
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Christophe Lenglet
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Christophe Lenglet
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8
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Disruptions in white matter microstructure associated with impaired visual associative memory in schizophrenia-spectrum illness. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:971-983. [PMID: 34557990 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory ability relies on hippocampal-prefrontal connectivity. However, few studies have examined relationships between memory performance and white matter (WM) microstructure in hippocampal-prefrontal pathways in schizophrenia-spectrum disorder (SSDs). Here, we investigated these relationships in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs) using tractography analysis designed to interrogate the microstructure of WM tracts in the hippocampal-prefrontal pathway. Measures of WM microstructure (fractional anisotropy [FA], radial diffusivity [RD], and axial diffusivity [AD]) were obtained for 47 individuals with chronic SSDs, 28 FEP individuals, 52 older healthy controls, and 27 younger healthy controls. Tractography analysis was performed between the hippocampus and three targets involved in hippocampal-prefrontal connectivity (thalamus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens). Measures of WM microstructure were then examined in relation to episodic memory performance separately across each group. Both those with FEP and chronic SSDs demonstrated impaired episodic memory performance. However, abnormal WM microstructure was only observed in individuals with chronic SSDs. Abnormal WM microstructure in the hippocampal-thalamic pathway in the right hemisphere was associated with poorer memory performance in individuals with chronic SSDs. These findings suggest that disruptions in WM microstructure in the hippocampal-prefrontal pathway may contribute to memory impairments in individuals with chronic SSDs but not FEP.
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Yang HE, Kim WT, Kim DH, Kim SW, Yoo WK. Utility of Diffusion and Magnetization Transfer MRI in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092090. [PMID: 36140491 PMCID: PMC9497906 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetization transfer (MT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help detect spinal cord pathology, and tract-specific analysis of their parameters, such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD) and MT ratio (MTR), can give microstructural information. We performed the tract-based acquisition of MR parameters of three major motor tracts: the lateral corticospinal (CS), rubrospinal (RuS) tract, and lateral reticulospinal (RS) tract as well as two major sensory tracts, i.e., the fasciculus cuneatus (FC) and spinal lemniscus, to detect pathologic change and find correlations with clinical items. MR parameters were extracted for each tract at three levels: the most compressed lesion level and above and below the lesion. We compared the MR parameters of eight cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients and 12 normal controls and analyzed the correlation between clinical evaluation items and MR parameters in patients. RuS and lateral RS showed worse DTI parameters at the lesion level in patients compared to the controls. Worse DTI parameters in those tracts were correlated with weaker power grasp at the lesion level. FC and lateral CS showed a correlation between higher RD and lower FA and MTR with a weaker lateral pinch below the lesion level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Eun Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VHS Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Korea
| | - Wan-Tae Kim
- Department of Radiology, VHS Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Hu J, Li Y, Li Z, Chen J, Cao Y, Xu D, Zheng L, Bai R, Wang L. Abnormal brain functional and structural connectivity between the left supplementary motor area and inferior frontal gyrus in moyamoya disease. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:179. [PMID: 35578209 PMCID: PMC9108139 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of brain functional connectivity has been detected after stroke, but whether it also occurs in moyamoya disease (MMD) is unknown. Impaired functional connectivity is always correlated with abnormal white matter fibers. Herein, we used multimodal imaging techniques to explore the changes in brain functional and structural connectivity in MMD patients. METHODS We collected structural images, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging for each subject. Cognitive functions of MMD patients were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Trail Making Test parts A and B (TMT-A/-B). We calculated the functional connectivity for every paired region using 90 regions of interest from the Anatomical Automatic Labeling Atlas and then determined the differences between MMD patients and HCs. We extracted the functional connectivity of paired brain regions with significant differences between the two groups. Correlation analyses were then performed between the functional connectivity and variable cognitive functions. To explore whether the impaired functional connectivity and cognitive performances were attributed to the destruction of white matter fibers, we further analyzed fiber integrity using tractography between paired regions that were correlated with cognition. RESULTS There was lower functional connectivity in MMD patients as compared to HCs between the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, between the bilateral supramarginal gyrus, between the left supplementary motor area (SMA) and the left orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGorb), and between the left SMA and the left middle temporal gyrus (P < 0.01, FDR corrected). The decreased functional connectivity between the left SMA and the left IFGorb was significantly correlated with the MMSE (r = 0.52, P = 0.024), MoCA (r = 0.60, P = 0.006), and TMT-B (r = -0.54, P = 0.048) in MMD patients. White matter fibers were also injured between the SMA and IFGorb in the left hemisphere and were positively correlated with reduced functional connectivity. CONCLUSIONS Brain functional and structural connectivity between the supplementary motor area and inferior frontal gyrus in the left hemisphere are damaged in MMD. These findings could be useful in the evaluation of disease progression and prognosis of MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Zhaoqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, South Central Building, Room 708, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Duo Xu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiliang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, South Central Building, Room 708, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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The neurobiology of drug addiction: cross-species insights into the dysfunction and recovery of the prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:276-291. [PMID: 34408275 PMCID: PMC8617203 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A growing preclinical and clinical body of work on the effects of chronic drug use and drug addiction has extended the scope of inquiry from the putative reward-related subcortical mechanisms to higher-order executive functions as regulated by the prefrontal cortex. Here we review the neuroimaging evidence in humans and non-human primates to demonstrate the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in emotional, cognitive, and behavioral alterations in drug addiction, with particular attention to the impaired response inhibition and salience attribution (iRISA) framework. In support of iRISA, functional and structural neuroimaging studies document a role for the prefrontal cortex in assigning excessive salience to drug over non-drug-related processes with concomitant lapses in self-control, and deficits in reward-related decision-making and insight into illness. Importantly, converging insights from human and non-human primate studies suggest a causal relationship between drug addiction and prefrontal insult, indicating that chronic drug use causes the prefrontal cortex damage that underlies iRISA while changes with abstinence and recovery with treatment suggest plasticity of these same brain regions and functions. We further dissect the overlapping and distinct characteristics of drug classes, potential biomarkers that inform vulnerability and resilience, and advancements in cutting-edge psychological and neuromodulatory treatment strategies, providing a comprehensive landscape of the human and non-human primate drug addiction literature as it relates to the prefrontal cortex.
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Oh SL, Chen CM, Wu YR, Valdes Hernandez M, Tsai CC, Cheng JS, Chen YL, Wu YM, Lin YC, Wang JJ. Fixel-Based Analysis Effectively Identifies White Matter Tract Degeneration in Huntington's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:711651. [PMID: 34588947 PMCID: PMC8473742 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.711651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microstructure damage in white matter might be linked to regional and global atrophy in Huntington's Disease (HD). We hypothesize that degeneration of subcortical regions, including the basal ganglia, is associated with damage of white matter tracts linking these affected regions. We aim to use fixel-based analysis to identify microstructural changes in the white matter tracts. To further assess the associated gray matter damage, diffusion tensor-derived indices were measured from regions of interest located in the basal ganglia. Diffusion weighted images were acquired from 12 patients with HD and 12 healthy unrelated controls using a 3 Tesla scanner. Reductions in fixel-derived metrics occurs in major white matter tracts, noticeably in corpus callosum, internal capsule, and the corticospinal tract, which were closely co-localized with the regions of increased diffusivity in basal ganglia. These changes in diffusion can be attributed to potential axonal degeneration. Fixel-based analysis is effective in studying white matter tractography and fiber changes in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Li Oh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Maria Valdes Hernandez
- Row Fogo Centre for Research into Ageing and the Brain, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chih-Chien Tsai
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jur-Shan Cheng
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Liang Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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13
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Shi L, Hu J, Tan Z, Tao J, Ding J, Jin Y, Wu Y, Thompson P. MV 2Net: Multi-Variate Multi-View Brain Network Comparison over Uncertain Data. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2021; PP:4640-4657. [PMID: 34283716 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2021.3098123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Visually identifying effective bio-markers from human brain networks poses non-trivial challenges to the field of data visualization and analysis. Existing methods in the literature and neuroscience practice are generally limited to the study of individual connectivity features in the brain (e.g., the strength of neural connection among brain regions). Pairwise comparisons between contrasting subject groups (e.g., the diseased and the healthy controls) are normally performed. The underlying neuroimaging and brain network construction process is assumed to have 100% fidelity. Yet, real-world user requirements on brain network visual comparison lean against these assumptions. In this work, we present MV^2Net, a visual analytics system that tightly integrates multi-variate multi-view visualization for brain network comparison with an interactive wrangling mechanism to deal with data uncertainty. On the analysis side, the system integrates multiple extraction methods on diffusion and geometric connectivity features of brain networks, an anomaly detection algorithm for data quality assessment, single- and multi-connection feature selection methods for bio-marker detection. On the visualization side, novel designs are introduced which optimize network comparisons among contrasting subject groups and related connectivity features. Our design provides level-of-detail comparisons, from juxtaposed and explicit-coding views for subject group comparisons, to high-order composite view for correlation of network comparisons, and to fiber tract detail view for voxel-level comparisons. The proposed techniques are inspired and evaluated in expert studies, as well as through case analyses on diffusion and geometric bio-markers of certain neurology diseases. Results in these experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of MV^2Net over state-of-the-art approaches.
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14
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Yu X, Yin X, Hong H, Wang S, Jiaerken Y, Zhang F, Pasternak O, Zhang R, Yang L, Lou M, Zhang M, Huang P. Increased extracellular fluid is associated with white matter fiber degeneration in CADASIL: in vivo evidence from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Fluids Barriers CNS 2021; 18:29. [PMID: 34193191 PMCID: PMC8247253 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are one of the hallmarks of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), but the pathological mechanisms underlying WMHs remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that extracellular fluid (ECF) is increased in brain regions with WMHs. It has been hypothesized that ECF accumulation may have detrimental effects on white matter microstructure. To test this hypothesis, we used cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) as a unique CSVD model to investigate the relationships between ECF and fiber microstructural changes in WMHs. Methods Thirty-eight CADASIL patients underwent 3.0 T MRI with multi-model sequences. Parameters of free water (FW) and apparent fiber density (AFD) obtained from diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0 and 1000 s/mm2) were respectively used to quantify the ECF and fiber density. WMHs were split into four subregions with four levels of FW using quartiles (FWq1 to FWq4) for each participant. We analyzed the relationships between FW and AFD in each subregion of WMHs. Additionally, we tested whether FW of WMHs were associated with other accompanied CSVD imaging markers including lacunes and microbleeds. Results We found an inverse correlation between FW and AFD in WMHs. Subregions of WMHs with high-level of FW (FWq3 and FWq4) were accompanied with decreased AFD and with changes in FW-corrected diffusion tensor imaging parameters. Furthermore, FW was also independently associated with lacunes and microbleeds. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that increased ECF was associated with WM degeneration and the occurrence of lacunes and microbleeds, providing important new insights into the role of ECF in CADASIL pathology. Improving ECF drainage might become a therapeutic strategy in future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-021-00264-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xinzhen Yin
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yeerfan Jiaerken
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruiting Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Linglin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Lou
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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15
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Wang P, Zhou B, Yao H, Xie S, Feng F, Zhang Z, Guo Y, An N, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Liu Y. Aberrant Hippocampal Functional Connectivity Is Associated with Fornix White Matter Integrity in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 75:1153-1168. [PMID: 32390630 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in older individuals, and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is currently considered the prodromal stage of AD. The hippocampus and fornix interact functionally and structurally, with the fornix being the major efferent white matter tract from the hippocampus. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study was to examine the impairments present in subjects with AD or aMCI and the relationship of these impairments with the microstructure of the fornix and the functional connectivity (FC) and gray matter volume of the hippocampus. METHODS Forty-four AD, 34 aMCI, and 41 age- and gender-matched normal controls (NCs) underwent neuropsychological assessments and multimode MRI. We chose the bilateral hippocampi as the region of interest in which gray matter alterations and FC with the whole brain were assessed and the fornix body as the region of interest in which the microstructural integrity of the white matter was observed. We also evaluated the relationship among gray matter alterations, the abnormal FC of the hippocampus and the integrity of the fornix in AD/aMCIResults:Compared to the NC group, the AD and aMCI groups demonstrated decreased gray matter volume, reduced FC between the bilateral hippocampi and several brain regions in the default mode network and control network, and damaged integrity of the fornix body (decreased fractional anisotropy and increased diffusivity). We also found that left hippocampal FC with some regions, the integrity of the fornix body, and cognition ability were significantly correlated. Therefore, our findings suggest that damage to white matter integrity may partially explain the reduced resting-state FC of the hippocampus in AD and aMCI. CONCLUSION AD and aMCI are diseases of disconnectivity including not only functional but also structural disconnectivity. Damage to white matter integrity may partially explain the reduced resting-state FC in AD and aMCI. These findings have significant implications for diagnostics and modeling and provide insights for understanding the disconnection syndrome in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxiang Yao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sangma Xie
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Information Science and Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Yan'e Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ningyu An
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Selvadurai LP, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Shishegar R, Sheridan C, Egan GF, Delatycki MB, Harding IH, Corben LA. Longitudinal structural brain changes in Friedreich ataxia depend on disease severity: the IMAGE-FRDA study. J Neurol 2021; 268:4178-4189. [PMID: 33860369 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Friedreich ataxia is an inherited neurodegenerative disease, with cerebral and cerebellar pathology evident. Despite an increased understanding of its neuropathology, disease progression in this disease remains poorly understood. This study aimed to characterise longitudinal change in brain structure using a multi-modal approach across cerebral and cerebellar grey and white matter. METHODS T1-weighted, diffusion-tensor, and magnetisation transfer magnetic resonance images were obtained from 28 individuals with Friedreich ataxia and 29 age- and gender-matched controls at two time-points, 2 years apart. Region-of-interest and exploratory between-group comparisons assessed changes in brain macrostructure (cerebellar lobule volume, cerebral cortical thickness/gyrification, brain white matter volume) and microstructure (white matter fractional anisotropy, mean/axial/radial diffusivity, magnetisation transfer ratio). Rates of change were correlated against change in neurological severity, Time 1 severity, and onset age. RESULTS Individuals with Friedreich ataxia had a greater rate of white matter volume loss than controls in the superior cerebellar peduncles and right peri-thalamic/posterior cerebral regions, and greater reduction in left primary motor cortex gyrification. Greater cerebellar/brainstem white matter volume loss and right dorsal premotor gyrification loss was observed amongst individuals with less severe neurological symptoms at Time 1. Conversely, cerebral atrophy and changes in axial diffusivity were observed in individuals with more severe Time 1 symptoms. Progression in radial diffusivity was more pronounced amongst individuals with earlier disease onset. Greater right ventral premotor gyrification loss correlated with greater neurological progression. CONCLUSION Heterogeneity in Friedreich ataxia progression is observed at the neurobiological level, with evidence of earlier cerebellar and later cerebral degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa P Selvadurai
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Rosita Shishegar
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,The Australian E-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathlin Sheridan
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ian H Harding
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louise A Corben
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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17
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White matter microstructure in women with acute and remitted anorexia nervosa: an exploratory neuroimaging study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:2429-2437. [PMID: 31605281 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder characterized by starvation and emaciation and associated with changes in brain structure. The precise nature of these changes remains unclear, as does their developmental time course and capacity for reversal with weight restoration. In this exploratory neuroimaging study, we sought to characterize changes in white matter microstructure in women with acute and remitted AN. Diffusion-weighted MRI data was collected from underweight women with a current diagnosis of AN (acAN: n = 23), weight-recovered women with a past diagnosis of AN (recAN: n = 23), and age-matched healthy control women (HC: n = 24). Image processing and analysis were performed with Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, part of FSL, and group differences in voxelwise, brain-wide fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), indices of white matter microstructure, were tested with nonparametric permutation and threshold-free cluster enhancement. No significant main effect of group on FA was identified. A significant main effect of group on MD was observed in a large cluster covering 9.2% of white matter and including substantial portions of the corpus callosum, corona radiata, internal capsule, and superior longitudinal fasciculus, and post hoc analyses revealed similar effects of group on axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD). Clusterwise MD was significantly higher in acAN participants (+3.8%) and recAN participants (+2.9%) than healthy controls, and the same was true for clusterwise AD and RD. Trait-based increases in diffusivity, changes in which have been associated with atypical myelination and impaired axon integrity, suggest a link between altered white matter microstructure and vulnerability to AN, and evidence of reduced oligodendrocyte density in AN provides further support for this hypothesis. Potential mechanisms of action include atypical neurodevelopment and systemic inflammation.
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18
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Vavla M, Arrigoni F, Toschi N, Peruzzo D, D'Angelo MG, Gandossini S, Russo A, Diella E, Tirelli S, Salati R, Rufini A, Condo I, Testi R, Martinuzzi A. Sensitivity of Neuroimaging Indicators in Monitoring the Effects of Interferon Gamma Treatment in Friedreich's Ataxia. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:872. [PMID: 33162876 PMCID: PMC7583645 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of efficient markers of disease progression and response to possibly effective treatments is a key priority for slowly progressive, rare and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Friedreich’s ataxia. Various imaging modalities have documented specific abnormalities in Friedreich’s ataxia that could be tracked to provide useful indicators of efficacy in clinical trials. Advanced MRI imaging (diffusion tensor imaging, DTI; functional MRI, fMRI; and resting-state fMRI, rs-fMRI) and retinal imaging (optical coherence tomography, OCT) were tested longitudinally in a small group of Friedreich’s ataxia patients participating in an open-label clinical trial testing the safety and the efficacy of 6-month treatment with interferon gamma. While the DTI indices documented the slow progression of fractional anisotropy loss, fMRI and rs-fMRI were significantly modified during and after treatment. The fMRI changes significantly correlated with the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia, which is used to monitor clinical response. OCT documented the known thickness reduction of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, but there was no change over time. This pilot study provides indications for the potential utility of fMRI and rs-fMRI as ancillary measures in clinical trials for Friedreich’s ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Vavla
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Arrigoni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata, " Rome, Italy.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Denis Peruzzo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia D'Angelo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Sandra Gandossini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Annamaria Russo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Eleonora Diella
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Stefania Tirelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Roberto Salati
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rufini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata, " Rome, Italy.,Fratagene Therapeutics, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Condo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata, " Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Testi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata, " Rome, Italy.,Fratagene Therapeutics, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinuzzi
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
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19
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Kelberman M, Keilholz S, Weinshenker D. What's That (Blue) Spot on my MRI? Multimodal Neuroimaging of the Locus Coeruleus in Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:583421. [PMID: 33122996 PMCID: PMC7573566 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.583421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) has long been underappreciated for its role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and other neurodegenerative disorders. While AD and PD are distinct in clinical presentation, both are characterized by prodromal protein aggregation in the LC, late-stage degeneration of the LC, and comorbid conditions indicative of LC dysfunction. Many of these early studies were limited to post-mortem histological techniques due to the LC’s small size and location deep in the brainstem. Thus, there is a growing interest in utilizing in vivo imaging of the LC as a predictor of preclinical neurodegenerative processes and biomarker of disease progression. Simultaneously, neuroimaging in animal models of neurodegenerative disease holds promise for identifying early alterations to LC circuits, but has thus far been underutilized. While still in its infancy, a handful of studies have reported effects of single gene mutations and pathology on LC function in disease using various neuroimaging techniques. Furthermore, combining imaging and optogenetics or chemogenetics allows for interrogation of network connectivity in response to changes in LC activity. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to review what magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have revealed about LC dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease and its potential as a biomarker in humans, and (2) to explore how animal models can be used to test hypotheses derived from clinical data and establish a mechanistic framework to inform LC-focused therapeutic interventions to alleviate symptoms and impede disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kelberman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shella Keilholz
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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20
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Park YW, Joers JM, Guo B, Hutter D, Bushara K, Adanyeguh IM, Eberly LE, Öz G, Lenglet C. Assessment of Cerebral and Cerebellar White Matter Microstructure in Spinocerebellar Ataxias 1, 2, 3, and 6 Using Diffusion MRI. Front Neurol 2020; 11:411. [PMID: 32581994 PMCID: PMC7287151 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of imaging biomarkers for rare neurodegenerative diseases such as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is important to non-invasively track progression of disease pathology and monitor response to interventions. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) has been shown to identify cross-sectional degeneration of white matter (WM) microstructure and connectivity between healthy controls and patients with SCAs, using various analysis methods. In this paper, we present dMRI data in SCAs type 1, 2, 3, and 6 and matched controls, including longitudinal acquisitions at 12–24-month intervals in a subset of the cohort, with up to 5 visits. The SCA1 cohort also contained 3 premanifest patients at baseline, with 2 showing ataxia symptoms at the time of the follow-up scans. We focused on two aspects: first, multimodal evaluation of the dMRI data in a cross-sectional approach, and second, longitudinal trends in dMRI data in SCAs. Three different pipelines were used to perform cross-sectional analyses in WM: region of interest (ROI), tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), and fixel-based analysis (FBA). We further analyzed longitudinal changes in dMRI metrics throughout the brain using ROI-based analysis. Both ROI and TBSS analyses identified higher mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial (RD) diffusivity and lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the cerebellum for all SCAs compared to controls, as well as some cerebral alterations in SCA1, 2, and 3. FBA showed lower fiber density (FD) and fiber crossing (FC) regions similar to those identified by ROI and TBSS analyses. FBA also highlighted corticospinal tract (CST) abnormalities, which was not detected by the other two pipelines. Longitudinal ROI-based analysis showed significant increase in AD in the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) for patients with SCA1, suggesting that the MCP may be a good candidate region to monitor disease progression. The patient who remained symptom-free throughout the study displayed no microstructural abnormalities. On the other hand, the two patients who were at the premanifest stage at baseline, and showed ataxia symptoms in their follow-up visits, displayed AD values in the MCP that were already in the range of symptomatic patients with SCA1 at their baseline visit, demonstrating that microstructural abnormalities are detectable prior to the onset of ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Woo Park
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - James M Joers
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bin Guo
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Diane Hutter
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Khalaf Bushara
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Isaac M Adanyeguh
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Lynn E Eberly
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Gülin Öz
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Christophe Lenglet
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Croall ID, Sanders DS, Hadjivassiliou M, Hoggard N. Cognitive Deficit and White Matter Changes in Persons With Celiac Disease: A Population-Based Study. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:2112-2122. [PMID: 32088203 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There is debate over the presence and prevalence of brain injury in patients with celiac disease. To validate previous reports, we investigated the prevalence of neuropsychological dysfunction in persons with celiac disease included in the National UK Biobank, which contains experimental medical data from 500,000 adults in the United Kingdom. METHODS Biobank participants with celiac disease (n = 104; mean age, 63 years; 65% female) were matched with healthy individuals (controls, n = 198; mean age, 63 years; 67% female) for age, sex, level of education, body mass index, and diagnosis of hypertension. All participants were otherwise healthy. We compared scores from 5 cognitive tests and multiple choice responses to 6 questions about mental health between groups using the t test and chi-squared analyses. Groupwise analyses of magnetic resonance imaging brain data included a study of diffusion tensor imaging metrics (mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, axial diffusivity), voxel-based morphometry, and Mann-Whitney U comparisons of Fazekas grades. RESULTS Compared with control individuals, participants with celiac disease had significant deficits in reaction time (P = .004), and significantly higher proportions had indications of anxiety (P = .025), depression (P = .015), thoughts of self-harm (P = .025), and health-related unhappiness (P = .010). Tract-based spatial statistics analysis showed significantly increased axial diffusivity in widespread locations, demonstrating white matter changes in the brains of participants with celiac disease. Voxel-based morphometry and Fazekas grade analyses did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS In an analysis of data from the UK Biobank, we found participants with celiac disease to have cognitive deficit, indications of worsened mental health, and white matter changes, based on analyses of brain images. These findings support the concept that celiac disease is associated with neurologic and psychological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain D Croall
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, Institute for in silico Medicine (INSIGNEO), Sheffield, United Kingdom.
| | - David S Sanders
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Marios Hadjivassiliou
- Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Hoggard
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Sheffield, Institute for in silico Medicine (INSIGNEO), Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Feng Y, Yan W, Wang J, Song J, Zeng Q, Zhao C. Local White Matter Fiber Clustering Differentiates Parkinson's Disease Diagnoses. Neuroscience 2020; 435:146-160. [PMID: 32272152 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) patients are often misdiagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) but have normal dopamine transporter scans. We hypothesised that white matter tracts associated with motor and cognition functions may be affected differently by SWEDD and PD. Automatically annotated fibre clustering (AAFC) is a novel clustering method based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) tractography that enables highly robust reconstruction of white matter tracts that are composed of corresponding clusters. This study aimed to investigate the white matter properties in the subdivisions of white matter tracts among SWEDD and PD groups. We applied AAFC to identify white matter tracts related to motion and cognition functions in the dataset consisting of SWEDD (n = 22), PD (n = 30) and normal control (NC) (n = 30). Then, we resampled 200 nodes along fibres of cluster, and the diffusion metric values corresponding to each node were calculated and used for comparison. Compared with NC, PD showed significant difference (p < 0.05) in two clusters in thalamo-frontal (TF), one cluster in thalamo-parietal (TP) and one cluster in thalamo-occipital (TO), whereas SWEDD presented no significant difference. Three clusters in cingulum bundle (CB) commonly exhibited significant differences in PD versus SWEDD and NC versus SWEDD. The support vector machine classifier achieved high accuracies in PD-NC, PD-SWEDD and NC-SWEDD classifications. This outcome validated these local white matter differences were useful to separate the three groups. These results suggest that PD exerts more significant effects on thalamo tracts than SWEDD, and unique microstructural changes occur in CB tract in SWEDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjing Feng
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; Zhejiang Provincial United Key Laboratory of Embedded Systems, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Wenxuan Yan
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jingqiang Wang
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jiahao Song
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Qingrun Zeng
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Changchen Zhao
- Institute of Information Processing and Automation, College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Selvadurai LP, Corben LA, Delatycki MB, Storey E, Egan GF, Georgiou‐Karistianis N, Harding IH. Multiple mechanisms underpin cerebral and cerebellar white matter deficits in Friedreich ataxia: The IMAGE-FRDA study. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:1920-1933. [PMID: 31904895 PMCID: PMC7267947 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with reported abnormalities in cerebellar, brainstem, and cerebral white matter. White matter structure can be measured using in vivo neuroimaging indices sensitive to different white matter features. For the first time, we examined the relative sensitivity and relationship between multiple white matter indices in Friedreich ataxia to more richly characterize disease expression and infer possible mechanisms underlying the observed white matter abnormalities. Diffusion-tensor, magnetization transfer, and T1-weighted structural images were acquired from 31 individuals with Friedreich ataxia and 36 controls. Six white matter indices were extracted: fractional anisotropy, diffusivity (mean, axial, radial), magnetization transfer ratio (microstructure), and volume (macrostructure). For each index, whole-brain voxel-wise between-group comparisons and correlations with disease severity, onset age, and gene triplet-repeat length were undertaken. Correlations between pairs of indices were assessed in the Friedreich ataxia cohort. Spatial similarities in the voxel-level pattern of between-group differences across the indices were also assessed. Microstructural abnormalities were maximal in cerebellar and brainstem regions, but evident throughout the brain, while macroscopic abnormalities were restricted to the brainstem. Poorer microstructure and reduced macrostructural volume correlated with greater disease severity and earlier onset, particularly in peri-dentate nuclei and brainstem regions. Microstructural and macrostructural abnormalities were largely independent. Reduced fractional anisotropy was most strongly associated with axial diffusivity in cerebral tracts, and magnetization transfer in cerebellar tracts. Multiple mechanisms likely underpin white matter abnormalities in Friedreich ataxia, with differential impacts in cerebellar and cerebral pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa P. Selvadurai
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Louise A. Corben
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health ResearchMurdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Martin B. Delatycki
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health ResearchMurdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- Department of MedicineMonash UniversityPrahranVictoriaAustralia
| | - Gary F. Egan
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Monash Biomedical ImagingMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nellie Georgiou‐Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ian H. Harding
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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D’Souza S, Ormond DR, Costabile J, Thompson JA. Fiber-tract localized diffusion coefficients highlight patterns of white matter disruption induced by proximity to glioma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225323. [PMID: 31751402 PMCID: PMC6874090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas account for 26.5% of all primary central nervous system tumors. Recent studies have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to extract white matter fibers and the diffusion coefficients derived from MR processing to provide useful, non-invasive insights into the extent of tumor invasion, axonal integrity, and gross differentiation of glioma from metastasis. Here, we extend this work by examining whether a tract-based analysis can improve non-invasive localization of tumor impact on white matter integrity. This study retrospectively analyzed preoperative magnetic resonance sequences highlighting contrast enhancement and DTI scans of 13 subjects that were biopsy-confirmed to have either high or low-grade glioma. We reconstructed the corticospinal tract and superior longitudinal fasciculus by applying atlas-based regions of interest to fibers derived from whole-brain deterministic streamline tractography. Within-subject comparison of hemispheric diffusion coefficients (e.g., fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity) indicated higher levels of white matter degradation in the ipsilesional hemisphere. Novel application of along-tract analyses revealed that tracts traversing the tumor region showed significant white matter degradation compared to the contralesional hemisphere and ipsilesional tracts displaced by the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn D’Souza
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - D. Ryan Ormond
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Jamie Costabile
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - John A. Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
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Sarica A, Valentino P, Nisticò R, Barone S, Pucci F, Quattrone A, Cerasa A, Quattrone A. Assessment of the Corticospinal Tract Profile in Pure Lower Motor Neuron Disease: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. NEURODEGENER DIS 2019; 19:128-138. [PMID: 31715609 DOI: 10.1159/000503970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the corticospinal tract (CST) diffusion profile in pure lower motor neuron disease (pLMND) patients who at baseline did not show any clinical or electrophysiological involvement of upper motor neurons (UMN), and in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen ALS patients with delayed central motor conduction time (CMCT) and 14 pLMND patients with normal CMCT were enrolled together with 15 healthy controls. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) maps were obtained. The tract profile of CST was reconstructed with the automated fiber quantification tool and its diffusion properties were quantified voxel-by-voxel and then compared pairwise between groups. Moreover, a random forest (RF) classifier was trained to evaluate the ability of CST diffusion metrics in distinguishing pairwise the groups from the controls. RESULTS ALS patients presented wide microstructural abnormalities in the entire CST as assessed by FA decrease and RD increase while pLMND patients showed focal FA decrease and a larger AD increase in the cerebral peduncle and posterior limb of the internal capsule in comparison with controls. RF revealed that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics accurately distinguished ALS patients and pLMND patients from controls (96.67 and 95.71% accuracy, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that the CST was impaired in both ALS and pLMND patients, thus suggesting that DTI metrics are a reliable tool in detecting subtle changes of UMN in pLMND patients, also in the absence of clinical and CMCT abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Sarica
- Neuroscience Research Centre,University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Valentino
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rita Nisticò
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Barone
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Franco Pucci
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Quattrone
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cerasa
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aldo Quattrone
- Neuroscience Research Centre,University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy, .,Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy,
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Effects of unilateral cortical resection of the visual cortex on bilateral human white matter. Neuroimage 2019; 207:116345. [PMID: 31712165 PMCID: PMC7016507 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with unilateral resections of ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOTC) typically do not evince visual perceptual impairments, even when relatively large swathes of VOTC are resected. In search of possible explanations for this behavioral competence, we evaluated white matter microstructure and connectivity in eight pediatric epilepsy patients following unilateral cortical resection and 15 age-matched controls. To uncover both local and broader resection-induced effects, we analyzed tractography data using two complementary approaches. First, the microstructural properties were measured in the inferior longitudinal and the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, the major VOTC association tracts. Group differences were only evident in the ipsilesional, and not in the contralesional, hemisphere, and single-subject analyses revealed that these differences were limited to the site of the resection. Second, graph theory was used to characterize the connectivity of the contralesional occipito-temporal regions. There were no changes to the network properties in patients with left VOTC resections nor in patients with resections outside the VOTC, but altered network efficiency was observed in two cases with right VOTC resections. These results suggest that, in many, although perhaps not all, cases of unilateral VOTC resections in childhood, the white matter profile in the preserved contralesional hemisphere along with residual neural activity might be sufficient for normal visual perception.
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Cerebellum and cognition in Friedreich ataxia: a voxel-based morphometry and volumetric MRI study. J Neurol 2019; 267:350-358. [PMID: 31641877 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested the presence of a significant atrophy affecting the cerebellar cortex in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) patients, an area of the brain long considered to be relatively spared by neurodegenerative phenomena. Cognitive deficits, which occur in FRDA patients, have been associated with cerebellar volume loss in other conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between cerebellar volume and cognition in FRDA. METHODS Nineteen FRDA patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included in this study and evaluated via a neuropsychological examination. Cerebellar global and lobular volumes were computed using the Spatially Unbiased Infratentorial Toolbox (SUIT). Furthermore, a cerebellar voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was also carried out. Correlations between MRI metrics and clinical data were tested via partial correlation analysis. RESULTS FRDA patients showed a significant reduction of the total cerebellar volume (p = 0.004), significantly affecting the Lobule IX (p = 0.001). At the VBM analysis, we found a cluster of significant reduced GM density encompassing the entire lobule IX (p = 0.003). When correlations were probed, we found a direct correlation between Lobule IX volume and impaired visuo-spatial functions (r = 0.58, p = 0.02), with a similar correlation that was found between the same altered function and results obtained at the VBM (r = 0.52; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS With two different image analysis techniques, we confirmed the presence of cerebellar volume loss in FRDA, mainly affecting the posterior lobe. In particular, Lobule IX atrophy correlated with worse visuo-spatial abilities, further expanding our knowledge about the physiopathology of cognitive impairment in FRDA.
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Seo CH, Park CH, Jung MH, Baek S, Song J, Cha E, Ohn SH. Increased white matter diffusivity associated with phantom limb pain. Korean J Pain 2019; 32:271-279. [PMID: 31569919 PMCID: PMC6813898 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2019.32.4.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate the cerebral white matter changes that are associated with phantom limb pain in patients with unilateral arm amputation. It was anticipated that this would complement previous research in which we had shown that changes in cerebral blood volume were associated with the cerebral pain network. Methods Ten patients with phantom limb pain due to unilateral arm amputation and sixteen healthy age-matched controls were enrolled. The intensity of phantom limb pain was measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and depressive mood was assessed by the Hamilton depression rating scale. Diffusion tensor-derived parameters, including fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD), were computed from the DTI. Results Compared with controls, the cases had alterations in the cerebral white matter as a consequence of phantom limb pain, manifesting a higher AD of white matter in both hemispheres symmetrically after adjusting for individual depressive moods. In addition, there were associations between the RD of white matter and VAS scores primarily in the hemispheres related to the missing hand and in the corpus callosum. Conclusions The phantom limb pain after unilateral arm amputation induced plasticity in the white matter. We conclude that loss of white matter integrity, particularly in the hemisphere connected with the missing hand, is significantly correlated with phantom limb pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheong Hoon Seo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Park
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Myung Hun Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Seungki Baek
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jimin Song
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Eunsil Cha
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Suk Hoon Ohn
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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MR Neurography: Normative Values in Correlation to Demographic Determinants in Children and Adolescents. Clin Neuroradiol 2019; 30:671-677. [DOI: 10.1007/s00062-019-00834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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30
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Juliano AF, Policeni B, Agarwal V, Burns J, Bykowski J, Harvey HB, Hoang JK, Hunt CH, Kennedy TA, Moonis G, Pannell JS, Parsons MS, Powers WJ, Rosenow JM, Schroeder JW, Slavin K, Whitehead MT, Corey AS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Ataxia. J Am Coll Radiol 2019; 16:S44-S56. [PMID: 31054758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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TERADA MASAFUMI, JOHNSON NATHAN, KOSIK KYLE, GRIBBLE PHILLIP. Quantifying Brain White Matter Microstructure of People with Lateral Ankle Sprain. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:640-646. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Papadelis C, Ahtam B, Feldman HA, AlHilani M, Tamilia E, Nimec D, Snyder B, Ellen Grant P, Im K. Altered White Matter Connectivity Associated with Intergyral Brain Disorganization in Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy. Neuroscience 2019; 399:146-160. [PMID: 30593919 PMCID: PMC10716912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive literature showing damages in the sensorimotor projection fibers of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP), little is known about how these damages affect the global brain network. In this study, we assess the relationship between the structural integrity of sensorimotor projection fibers and the integrity of intergyral association white matter connections in children with HCP. Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 10 children with HCP and 16 typically developing children. We estimated the regional and global white-matter connectivity using a region-of-interest (ROI)-based approach and a whole-brain gyrus-based parcellation method. Using the ROI-based approach, we tracked the spinothalamic (STh), thalamocortical (ThC), corticospinal (CST), and sensorimotor U- (SMU) fibers. Using the whole-brain parcellation method, we tracked the short-, middle-, and long-range association fibers. We observed for the more affected hemisphere of children with HCP: (i) an increase in axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) for the STh and ThC fibers; (ii) a decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) and an increase in MD and RD for the CST and SMU fibers; in (iii) a decrease in FA and an increase in AD, MD, and RD for the middle- and long-range association fibers; and (iv) an association between the integrity of sensorimotor projection and intergyral association fibers. Our findings indicate that altered structural integrity of the sensorimotor projection fibers disorganizes the intergyral association white matter connections among local and distant regions in children with HCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Papadelis
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Banu Ahtam
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henry A Feldman
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michel AlHilani
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleonora Tamilia
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna Nimec
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brian Snyder
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kiho Im
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Godel T, Pham M, Kele H, Kronlage M, Schwarz D, Brunée M, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Bäumer P. Diffusion tensor imaging in anterior interosseous nerve syndrome - functional MR Neurography on a fascicular level. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 21:101659. [PMID: 30642759 PMCID: PMC6412076 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose By applying diffusor tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with anterior interosseous nerve syndrome (AINS), this proof of principle study aims to quantify the extent of structural damage of a peripheral nerve at the anatomical level of individual fascicles. Methods In this institutional review board approved prospective study 13 patients with spontaneous AINS were examined at 3 Tesla including a transversal T2-weighted turbo-spin-echo and a spin-echo echo-planar-imaging pulse sequence of the upper arm level. Calculations of quantitative DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) for median nerve lesion and non-lesion fascicles as well as ulnar and radial nerve were obtained. DTI values were compared to each other and to a previously published dataset of 58 healthy controls using one-way Analysis of Variance with Bonferroni correction and p-values <.05 were considered significant. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to assess diagnostic accuracy. Results FA of median nerve lesion fascicles was decreased compared to median nerve non-lesion fascicles, ulnar nerve and radial nerve while MD, RD, and AD was increased (p < .001 for all parameters). Compared to median nerve values of healthy controls, lesion fascicles showed a significant decrease in FA while MD, RD, and AD was increased (p < .001 for all parameters). FA of median nerve non-lesion fascicles showed a weak significant decrease compared to healthy controls (p < .01) while there was no difference in MD, RD, and AD. ROC analyses revealed an excellent diagnostic accuracy of FA, MD and RD in the discrimination of median nerve lesion and non-lesion fascicles in AINS patients as well as in the discrimination of lesion fascicles and normative median nerve values of healthy controls. Conclusion By applying this functional MR Neurography technique in patients with AINS, this proof of principle study demonstrates that diffusion tensor imaging is feasible to quantify structural nerve injury at the anatomical level of individual fascicles. DTI is capable to quantify structural nerve injury on a fascicular level. Lesion- and non-lesion fascicles can be discriminated at high diagnostic accuracy. FA seems to be to most sensitive parameter in quantitative DTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Godel
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mirko Pham
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology, Würzburg University Hospital, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Henrich Kele
- Center for Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Neuer Wall 19, 20354 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Moritz Kronlage
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Merle Brunée
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Philipp Bäumer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Radiology Dia.log, Vinzenz-von-Paul Str. 8, 84503 Altötting, Germany.
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Rezende TJR, Martinez ARM, Faber I, Girotto Takazaki KA, Martins MP, de Lima FD, Lopes-Cendes I, Cendes F, França MC. Developmental and neurodegenerative damage in Friedreich's ataxia. Eur J Neurol 2018; 26:483-489. [PMID: 30326180 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most common autosomal-recessive ataxia worldwide. It is characterized by early onset, sensory abnormalities and slowly progressive ataxia. All magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based studies have focused on the evaluation of adult patients. Therefore, we designed a cross-sectional multimodal MRI-based study to investigate the anatomical substrates involved in the early stages of FRDA. METHODS We enrolled 37 patients (12 children) and 38 controls. All subjects underwent MRI in a 3T device to assess gray and white matter. We used measures from FreeSurfer and CERES to evaluate the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. The T1 multiatlas assessed deep gray matter. The diffusion tensor imaging multiatlas was used to investigate microstructural abnormalities in brain white matter and SpineSeg was used to assess the cervical spinal cord. All analyses were corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Comparison with age-matched controls showed that pediatric patients have spinal cord, inferior cerebellar peduncle and red nucleus damage. In contrast, adult patients showed more widespread white matter damage than pediatric patients. With regard to gray matter, we found cortical thinning at the left central sulcus and volumetric reduction in the thalami and hippocampi only in adult patients. Finally, values of fractional anisotropy in adult patients and radial diffusivity in pediatric patients from the inferior cerebellar peduncle correlated with disease duration and ataxia severity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Structural damage in FRDA begins in the spinal cord and inferior cerebellar peduncle as well as the red nucleus, and progresses to cerebral areas in adulthood. These results shed some light on the early stages of FRDA and highlight potential neuroimaging markers for therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J R Rezende
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - A R M Martinez
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - I Faber
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - K A Girotto Takazaki
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - M P Martins
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - F D de Lima
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - I Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - F Cendes
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
| | - M C França
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas
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Bledsoe IO, Stebbins GT, Merkitch D, Goldman JG. White matter abnormalities in the corpus callosum with cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology 2018; 91:e2244-e2255. [PMID: 30429273 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000006646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate microstructural characteristics of the corpus callosum using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and their relationships to cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS Seventy-five participants with PD and 24 healthy control (HC) participants underwent structural MRI brain scans including DTI sequences and clinical and neuropsychological evaluations. Using Movement Disorder Society criteria, PD participants were classified as having normal cognition (PD-NC, n = 23), mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI, n = 35), or dementia (PDD, n = 17). Cognitive domain (attention/working memory, executive function, language, memory, visuospatial function) z scores were calculated. DTI scalar values, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD), were established for 5 callosal segments on a midsagittal plane, single slice using a topographically derived parcellation method. Scalar values were compared among participant groups. Regression analyses were performed on cognitive domain z scores and DTI metrics. RESULTS Participants with PD showed increased AD values in the anterior 3 callosal segments compared to healthy controls. Participants with PDD had significantly increased AD, MD, and RD in the anterior 2 segments compared to participants with PD-NC and most anterior segment compared to participants with PD-MCI. FA values did not differ significantly between participants with PD and participants with HC or among PD cognitive groups. The strongest associations for the DTI metrics and cognitive performance occurred in the most anterior and most posterior callosal segments, and also reflected fronto-striatal and posterior cortical type cognitive deficits, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Microstructural white matter abnormalities of the corpus callosum, as measured by DTI, may contribute to PD cognitive impairment by disrupting information transfer across interhemispheric and callosal-cortical projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian O Bledsoe
- From the Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Center (I.O.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; and the Section of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders (G.T.S., D.M., J.G.G.), Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Glenn T Stebbins
- From the Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Center (I.O.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; and the Section of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders (G.T.S., D.M., J.G.G.), Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Doug Merkitch
- From the Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Center (I.O.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; and the Section of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders (G.T.S., D.M., J.G.G.), Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Jennifer G Goldman
- From the Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Center (I.O.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; and the Section of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders (G.T.S., D.M., J.G.G.), Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
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36
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Hannoun S, Kocevar G, Durand-Dubief F, Stamile C, Naji A, Cotton F, Cavallari M, Guttmann CR, Sappey-Marinier D. Evidence of axonal damage in cerebellar peduncles without T2-lesions in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Radiol 2018; 108:114-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Mascalchi M, Vella A. Neuroimaging Applications in Chronic Ataxias. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 143:109-162. [PMID: 30473193 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are the main instruments for neuroimaging investigation of patients with chronic ataxia. MRI has a predominant diagnostic role in the single patient, based on the visual detection of three patterns of atrophy, namely, spinal atrophy, cortical cerebellar atrophy and olivopontocerebellar atrophy, which correlate with the aetiologies of inherited or sporadic ataxia. In fact spinal atrophy is observed in Friedreich ataxia, cortical cerebellar atrophy in Ataxia Telangectasia, gluten ataxia and Sporadic Adult Onset Ataxia and olivopontocerebellar atrophy in Multiple System Atrophy cerebellar type. The 39 types of dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxias show either cortical cerebellar atrophy or olivopontocerebellar atrophy. T2 or T2* weighted MR images can contribute to the diagnosis by revealing abnormally increased or decreased signal with a characteristic distribution. These include symmetric T2 hyperintensity of the posterior and lateral columns of the cervical spinal cord in Friedreich ataxia, diffuse and symmetric hyperintensity of the cerebellar cortex in Infantile Neuro-Axonal Dystrophy, symmetric hyperintensity of the peridentate white matter in Cerebrotendineous Xanthomatosis, and symmetric hyperintensity of the middle cerebellar peduncles and peridentate white matter, cerebral white matter and corpus callosum in Fragile X Tremor Ataxia Syndrome. Abnormally decreased T2 or T2* signal can be observed with a multifocal distribution in Ataxia Telangectasia and with a symmetric distribution in the basal ganglia in Multiple System Atrophy. T2 signal hypointensity lining diffusely the outer surfaces of the brainstem, cerebellum and cerebrum enables diagnosis of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system. The diagnostic role of nuclear medicine techniques is smaller. SPECT and PET show decreased uptake of radiotracers investigating the nigrostriatal system in Multiple System Atrophy and in patients with Fragile X Tremor Ataxia Syndrome. Semiquantitative or quantitative MRI, SPECT and PET data describing structural, microstructural and functional changes of the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord have been widely applied to investigate physiopathological changes in patients with chronic ataxias. Moreover they can track diseases progression with a greater sensitivity than clinical scales. So far, a few small-size and single center studies employed neuroimaging techniques as surrogate markers of treatment effects in chronic ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mascalchi
- Meyer Children Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Vavla M, Arrigoni F, Nordio A, De Luca A, Pizzighello S, Petacchi E, Paparella G, D'Angelo MG, Brighina E, Russo E, Fantin M, Colombo P, Martinuzzi A. Functional and Structural Brain Damage in Friedreich's Ataxia. Front Neurol 2018; 9:747. [PMID: 30237783 PMCID: PMC6135889 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by a GAA repeat expansion in the FXN gene. There is still no cure or quantitative biomarkers reliaby correlating with the progression rate and disease severity. Investigation of functional and structural alterations characterizing white (WM) and gray matter (GM) in FRDA are needed prerequisite to monitor progression and response to treatment. Here we report the results of a multimodal cross-sectional MRI study of FRDA including Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM), diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI), functional MRI (fMRI), and a correlation analysis with clinical severity scores. Twenty-one early-onset FRDA patients and 18 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were imaged at 3T. All patients underwent a complete cognitive and clinical assessment with ataxia scales. VBM analysis showed GM volume reduction in FRDA compared to HCs bilaterally in lobules V, VI, VIII (L>R), as well as in the crus of cerebellum, posterior lobe of the vermis, in the flocculi and in the left tonsil. Voxel-wise DTI analysis showed a diffuse fractional anisotropy reduction and mean, radial, axial (AD) diffusivity increase in both infratentorial and supratentorial WM. ROI-based analysis confirmed the results showing differences of the same DTI metrics in cortico-spinal-tracts, forceps major, corpus callosum, posterior thalamic radiations, cerebellar penduncles. Additionally, we observed increased AD in superior (SCP) and middle cerebellar peduncles. The WM findings correlated with age at onset (AAO), short-allelle GAA, and disease severity. The intragroup analysis of fMRI data from right-handed 14 FRDA and 15 HCs showed similar findings in both groups, including activation in M1, insula and superior cerebellar hemisphere (lobules V-VIII). Significant differences emerged only during the non-dominant hand movement, with HCs showing a stronger activation in the left superior cerebellar hemisphere compared to FRDA. Significant correlations were found between AAO and the fMRI activation in cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes, insula and temporal lobe. Our multimodal neuroimaging protocol suggests that MRI is a useful tool to document the extension of the neurological impairment in FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Vavla
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Filippo Arrigoni
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Andrea Nordio
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy.,Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto De Luca
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Silvia Pizzighello
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Elisa Petacchi
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Paparella
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia D'Angelo
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Department of NeuroRehabilitation, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Erika Brighina
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Department of NeuroRehabilitation, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Emanuela Russo
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Marianna Fantin
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Paola Colombo
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinuzzi
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
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Gullett JM, Lamb DG, Porges E, Woods AJ, Rieke J, Thompson P, Jahanshad N, Nir TM, Tashima K, Cohen RA. The Impact of Alcohol Use on Frontal White Matter in HIV. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1640-1649. [PMID: 29957870 PMCID: PMC6120768 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is prevalent among individuals diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and both HIV and alcohol use have been shown to negatively affect the integrity of white matter pathways in the brain. Behavioral, functional, and anatomical impairments have been linked independently to HIV and alcohol use, and these impairments have bases in specific frontally mediated pathways within the brain. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired for 37 HIV+ participants without dementia or hepatitis C. Imaging data were processed through the FreeSurfer and TraCULA pipelines to obtain 4 bilateral frontal white matter tracts for each participant. Diffusion metrics of white matter integrity along the highest probability pathway for each tract were analyzed with respect to demographics, disease-specific variables, and reported substance use. RESULTS Significantly increased axial diffusivity (decreased axonal integrity) and a trending increase in mean diffusivity were observed along the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR) in participants with a history of AUD. A diagnosis of AUD explained over 36% of the variance in diffusivity along the ATR overall when accounting for clinical variables including nadir CD4 and age-adjusted HIV infection length. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of HIV-related associations between alcohol use and indicators of axonal integrity loss along the ATR, a frontal pathway involved in the inhibition of addictive or unwanted behaviors. Reduced axonal integrity of this pathway was greatest in HIV+ participants with an AUD, even when considering the effect of age-adjusted disease length and severity (nadir CD4). This finding implicates a potential biological mechanism linking reduced integrity of frontal white matter to the high prevalence of AUD in an HIV+ population without dementia or hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Gullett
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Damon G. Lamb
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Eric Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Adam J. Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jake Rieke
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, USC Keck School of Medicine, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, USC Keck School of Medicine, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Talia M. Nir
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, USC Keck School of Medicine, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Karen Tashima
- The Miriam Hospital, Alpert College of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Ronald A. Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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40
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Mascalchi M, Marzi C, Giannelli M, Ciulli S, Bianchi A, Ginestroni A, Tessa C, Nicolai E, Aiello M, Salvatore E, Soricelli A, Diciotti S. Histogram analysis of DTI-derived indices reveals pontocerebellar degeneration and its progression in SCA2. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200258. [PMID: 30001379 PMCID: PMC6042729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the potential of histogram metrics of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI)-derived indices in revealing neurodegeneration and its progression in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine SCA2 patients and 16 age-matched healthy controls, were examined twice (SCA2 patients 3.6±0.7 years and controls 3.3±1.0 years apart) on the same 1.5T scanner by acquiring T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted (b-value = 1000 s/mm2) images. Cerebrum and brainstem-cerebellum regions were segmented using FreeSurfer suite. Histogram analysis of DTI-derived indices, including mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial (AD) / radial (RD) diffusivity and mode of anisotropy (MO), was performed. RESULTS At baseline, significant differences between SCA2 patients and controls were confined to brainstem-cerebellum. Median values of MD/AD/RD and FA/MO were significantly (p<0.001) higher and lower, respectively, in SCA2 patients (1.11/1.30/1.03×10(-3) mm2/s and 0.14/0.19) than in controls (0.80/1.00/0.70×10(-3) mm2/s and 0.20/0.41). Also, peak location values of MD/AD/RD and FA were significantly (p<0.001) higher and lower, respectively, in SCA2 patients (0.91/1.11/0.81×10(-3) mm2/s and 0.12) than in controls (0.71/0.91/0.63×10(-3) mm2/s and 0.18). Peak height values of FA and MD/AD/RD/MO were significantly (p<0.001) higher and lower, respectively, in SCA2 patients (0.20 and 0.07/0.06/0.07×10(-3) mm2/s/year /0.07) than in controls (0.15 and 0.14/0.11/0.12/×10(-3) mm2/s/year /0.09). The rate of change of MD median values was significantly (p<0.001) higher (i.e., increased) in SCA2 patients (0.010×10(-3) mm2/s/year) than in controls (-0.003×10(-3) mm2/s/year) in the brainstem-cerebellum, whereas no significant difference was found for other indices and in the cerebrum. CONCLUSION Histogram analysis of DTI-derived indices is a relatively straightforward approach which reveals microstructural changes associated with pontocerebellar degeneration in SCA2 and the median value of MD is capable to track its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mascalchi
- “Mario Serio” Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Chiara Marzi
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Marco Giannelli
- Unit of Medical Physics, Pisa University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana”, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Ciulli
- “Mario Serio” Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianchi
- “Mario Serio” Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Ginestroni
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Tessa
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Versilia Hospital, AUSL 12 Viareggio, Lido di Camaiore (Lu), Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Salvatore
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Diciotti
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
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Phillipou A, Carruthers SP, Di Biase MA, Zalesky A, Abel LA, Castle DJ, Gurvich C, Rossell SL. White matter microstructure in anorexia nervosa. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4385-4392. [PMID: 29964345 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological underpinnings of anorexia nervosa (AN) are unclear. White matter deficits have been described in the illness, but findings are inconsistent between studies. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in white matter microstructure in AN using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). It was hypothesised that people with AN, relative to a healthy control (HC) group, would show decreased functional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) in the fornix and superior longitudinal fasciculus, consistent with previous literature. Analyses were conducted on 23 females with AN and 26 age- and gender-matched HCs using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). The results revealed widespread FA decreases and MD increases in the AN group. Our hypothesis was largely supported, although FA differences were not specifically found in the fornix. The findings suggest extensive differences in white matter structure in AN, which may contribute to AN pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Phillipou
- Department of Optometry & Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Mental Health, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sean P Carruthers
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University & The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maria A Di Biase
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard, Medical School, Massachusetts.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Larry A Abel
- Department of Optometry & Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Castle
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline Gurvich
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University & The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University & The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Subcortical volume and cortical surface architecture in women with acute and remitted anorexia nervosa: An exploratory neuroimaging study. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 102:179-185. [PMID: 29680574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder characterized by starvation and emaciation and associated with changes in brain structure. The precise nature of these changes remains unclear, as does their developmental time course and capacity for reversal with weight-restoration. In this comprehensive neuroimaging study, we sought to characterize these changes by measuring subcortical volume and cortical surface architecture in women with acute and remitted AN. METHODS Structural magnetic resonance imaging data was acquired from underweight women with a current diagnosis of AN (acAN: n = 23), weight-recovered women with a past diagnosis of AN (recAN: n = 24), and female controls (HC: n = 24). Subcortical segmentation and cortical surface reconstruction were performed with FreeSurfer 6.0.0, and group differences in regional volume and vertex-wise, cortex-wide thickness, surface area, and local gyrification index (LGI), a measure of folding, were tested with separate univariate analyses of covariance. RESULTS Mean hippocampal and thalamic volumes were significantly reduced in acAN participants, as was mean cortical thickness in four frontal and temporal clusters. Mean LGI was significantly reduced in acAN and recAN participants in five frontal and parietal clusters. No significant group differences in cortical surface area were detected. CONCLUSIONS Reductions in subcortical volume, cortical thickness, and right postcentral LGI were unique to women with acute AN, indicating state-dependence and pointing towards cellular remodeling and sulcal widening as consequences of disease manifestation. Reductions in bilateral frontal LGI were observed in women with acute and remitted AN, suggesting a role of atypical neurodevelopment in disease vulnerability.
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Huang J, Liu Y, Zhao T, Shu N, Duan Y, Ren Z, Sun Z, Liu Z, Chen H, Dong H, Li K. White matter microstructural alterations in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 53:27-33. [PMID: 29754967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine whether and how diffusion alteration occurs in the earliest stage of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the differences in diffusion metrics between CIS and MS by using the tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) method based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Thirty-six CIS patients (mean age ± SD: 34.0 years ± 12.6), 36 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients (mean age ± SD: 35.0 years ± 9.4) and 36 age- and gender-matched normal controls (NCs) were included in this study. Voxel-wise analyses were performed with TBSS using multiple diffusion metrics, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (λ1) and radial diffusivity (λ23). In the CIS patients, TBSS analyses revealed diffusion alterations in a few white matter (WM) regions including the anterior thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, body and splenium of the corpus callosum, internal capsule, external capsule, and cerebral peduncle. MS patients showed more widespread diffusion changes (decreased FA, increased λ1, λ23 and MD) than CIS. Exploratory analyses also revealed the possible associations between WM diffusion metrics and clinical variables (Expanded Disability Status Scale and disease duration) in the patients. This study provided imaging evidence for DTI abnormalities in CIS and MS and suggested that DTI can improve our knowledge of the path physiology of CIS and MS and clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Brain Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yaou Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Brain Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tengda Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100857, PR China
| | - Ni Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100857, PR China
| | - Yunyun Duan
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Brain Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhuoqiong Ren
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Brain Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Brain Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Huiqing Dong
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Kuncheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Brain Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, PR China.
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Selvadurai LP, Harding IH, Corben LA, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Cerebral abnormalities in Friedreich ataxia: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 84:394-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a noninvasive neuroimaging tool assessing the organization of white-matter tracts and brain microstructure in vivo. The technique takes into account the three-dimensional (3D) direction of diffusion of water in space, the brownian movements of water being constrained by the brain microstructure. The main direction of diffusion in the brain is extracted to obtain the principal direction of axonal projection within a given voxel. Overall, the diffusion tensor is a mathematic analysis of the magnitude/directionality (anisotropy) of the movement of water molecules in 3D space. Tracts running in the white matter are subsequently reconstructed graphically with fiber tractography. Tractography can be applied to myelinated and unmyelinated fibers or axonopathy. Decreased fractional anisotropy in white-matter tracts occurs in cases of injury with disorganized or disrupted myelin sheaths. Furthermore, high angular resolution methods enable detection of fiber crossings or convergence. DTI is a modern tool which complements conventional magnetic resonance techniques and is particularly relevant to assess the organization of cerebellar tracts. Indeed, both the afferent and efferent pathways of the cerebellar circuitry passing through the inferior, middle, and superior cerebellar peduncles can be visualized in vivo, including in children. The microanatomy of the cerebellar cortex and cerebellar nuclei is also emerging as a future assessment. Applications in the field of cerebellar disorders are multiple, ranging from developmental disorders to adult-onset cerebellar ataxias.
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Microstructural MRI Basis of the Cognitive Functions in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2. Neuroscience 2017; 366:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Papadelis C, Butler EE, Rubenstein M, Sun L, Zollei L, Nimec D, Snyder B, Grant PE. Reorganization of the somatosensory cortex in hemiplegic cerebral palsy associated with impaired sensory tracts. Neuroimage Clin 2017; 17:198-212. [PMID: 29159037 PMCID: PMC5683344 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging studies argue that sensory deficits in hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP) are related to deviant somatosensory processing in the ipsilesional primary somatosensory cortex (S1). A separate body of structural neuroimaging literature argues that these deficits are due to structural damage of the ascending sensory tracts (AST). The relationship between the functional and structural integrity of the somatosensory system and the sensory performance is largely unknown in HCP. To address this relationship, we combined findings from magnetoencephalography (MEG) and probabilistic diffusion tractography (PDT) in 10 children with HCP and 13 typically developing (TD) children. With MEG, we mapped the functionally active regions in the contralateral S1 during tactile stimulation of the thumb, middle, and little fingers of both hands. Using these MEG-defined functional active regions as regions of interest for PDT, we estimated the diffusion parameters of the AST. Somatosensory function was assessed via two-point discrimination tests. Our MEG data showed: (i) an abnormal somatotopic organization in all children with HCP in either one or both of their hemispheres; (ii) longer Euclidean distances between the digit maps in the S1 of children with HCP compared to TD children; (iii) suppressed gamma responses at early latencies for both hemispheres of children with HCP; and (iv) a positive correlation between the Euclidean distances and the sensory tests for the more affected hemisphere of children with HCP. Our MEG-guided PDT data showed: (i) higher mean and radian diffusivity of the AST in children with HCP; (ii) a positive correlation between the axial diffusivity of the AST with the sensory tests for the more affected hemisphere; and (iii) a negative correlation between the gamma power change and the AD of the AST for the MA hemisphere. Our findings associate for the first time bilateral cortical functional reorganization in the S1 of HCP children with abnormalities in the structural integrity of the AST, and correlate these abnormalities with behaviorally-assessed sensory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Papadelis
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Erin E Butler
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA; William H. Neukom Institute for Computational Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Madelyn Rubenstein
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Limin Sun
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lilla Zollei
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Donna Nimec
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Snyder
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia Ellen Grant
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Rezende TJR, Martinez ARM, Faber I, Girotto K, Pedroso JL, Barsottini OG, Lopes-Cendes I, Cendes F, Faria AV, França MC. Structural signature of classical versus late-onset friedreich's ataxia by Multimodality brain MRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:4157-4168. [PMID: 28543952 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most common autosomal-recessive ataxia worldwide. It is characterized by early onset, sensory abnormalities, and slowly progressive ataxia. However, some individuals manifest the disease after the age of 25 years and are classified as late-onset FRDA (LOFA). Therefore, we propose a transversal multimodal MRI-based study to investigate which anatomical substrates are involved in classical (cFRDA) and LOFA. METHODS We enrolled 36 patients (13 with LOFA) and 29 healthy controls. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging in a 3 T device; three-dimensional high-resolution T1-weighted images and diffusion tensor images were used to assess gray and white matter, respectively. We used T1 multiatlas approach to assess deep gray matter and cortical thickness measures to evaluate cerebral cortex and DTI multiatlas approach to assess white matter. All analyses were corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Group comparison showed that both groups presented gray matter atrophy mostly in the motor cortex. Regarding white matter, we found abnormalities in the cerebellar peduncles, pyramidal tracts, midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata for both groups, but the microstructural abnormalities in the cFRDA group were more widespread. In addition, we found that the corticospinal tract presented more severe microstructural damage in the LOFA group. Finally, the midbrain volume of the cFRDA, but not of the LOFA group, correlated with disease duration (R = -0.552, P = 0.012) and severity (R = -0.783, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The cFRDA and LOFA groups have similar, but not identical neuroimaging damage pattern. These structural differences might help to explain the phenotypic variability observed in FRDA. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4157-4168, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Junqueira R Rezende
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Rolim M Martinez
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Faber
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen Girotto
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orlando G Barsottini
- Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia V Faria
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marcondes C França
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Ilvesmäki T, Koskinen E, Brander A, Luoto T, Öhman J, Eskola H. Spinal cord injury induces widespread chronic changes in cerebral white matter. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3637-3647. [PMID: 28429407 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) lead to axonal damage at the trauma site, as well as disconnections within the central nervous system. While the exact mechanisms of the long-term pathophysiological consequences of SCIs are not fully understood, it is known that neuronal damage and degeneration are not limited to the direct proximity of the trauma. Instead, the effects can be detected even in the cerebrum. We examined SCI-induced chronic brain changes with a case-control design using 32 patients and 70 control subjects. Whole-brain white matter (WM) tracts were assessed with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In addition, we analysed associations between DTI metrics and several clinical SCI variables. Whole-brain analyses were executed by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), with an additional complementary atlas-based analysis (ABA). We observed widespread, statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01) changes similar to neural degeneration in SCI patients, both in the corticospinal tract (CST) and beyond. In addition, associations between DTI metrics and time since injury were found with TBSS and ABA, implying possible long-term post-injury neural regeneration. Using the ABA approach, we observed a correlation between SCI severity and DTI metrics, indicating a decrease in WM integrity along with patient sensory or motor scores. Our results suggest a widespread neurodegenerative effect of SCI within the cerebrum that is not limited to the motor pathways. Furthermore, DTI-measured WM integrity of chronic SCI patients seemed to improve as time elapsed since injury. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3637-3647, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tero Ilvesmäki
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Medical Physics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eerika Koskinen
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Brander
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of the Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu Luoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Öhman
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Eskola
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre of the Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
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Dayan M, Olivito G, Molinari M, Cercignani M, Bozzali M, Leggio M. Impact of cerebellar atrophy on cortical gray matter and cerebellar peduncles as assessed by voxel-based morphometry and high angular resolution diffusion imaging. FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY 2017; 31:239-248. [PMID: 28072384 DOI: 10.11138/fneur/2016.31.4.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years the cerebellum has been attributed amore important role in higher-level functions than previously believed. We examined a cohort of patients suffering from cerebellar atrophy resulting in ataxia, with two main objectives: first to investigate which regions of the cerebrum were affected by the cerebellar degeneration, and second to assess whether diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) metrics within the medial (MCP) and superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) - namely fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) - could be used as a biomarker in patients with this condition. Structural and dMRI data of seven patients with cerebellar atrophy (2 with spinocerebellar atrophy type 2, 1 with Friedreich's ataxia, 4 with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia) and no visible cortical lesions or cortical atrophy were investigated with Freesurfer and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of gray matter (GM) as well as MCP and SCP FA maps. Correlations of MCP and SCP mean FA with ataxia scores and subscores were also evaluated. Freesurfer showed that patients had significantly reduced volume of the thalamus, ventral diencephalon and pallidum. VBM also demonstrated significantly lower local GM volumes in patients, notably in the head of the caudate nucleus, posterior cingulate gyrus and orbitofrontal cortex bilaterally, as well as in Broca's area in the left hemisphere, and a significant increase in RD in the MCP and SCP of both hemispheres. A significant correlation was found between MCP mean FA and total ataxia score (R=-0.7, p=0.03), and subscores for kinetic functions (R=-0.74, p=0.03) and oculomotor disorders (R=-0.70, p=0.04). The regions of the cerebrum found to have significantly lower local GM volumes have been described to be involved in higher-level cerebellar functions such as initiation of voluntary movements, emotional control, memory retrieval and general cognition. Our findings corroborate recent research pointing to a more extensive corticocerebellar system than previously thought. The significant difference in the MCP and SCP dMRI metrics between patients and controls as well as the significant correlation with ataxia total score and subscores support the use of dMRI metrics as an imaging biomarker for cerebellar degeneration and ataxia.
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