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Taylor AC, Fones GR, Vrana B, Mills GA. Applications for Passive Sampling of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Water—A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 51:20-54. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1675043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Taylor
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gary R. Fones
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Branislav Vrana
- Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Graham A. Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Mundy LJ, Bilodeau JC, Schock DM, Thomas PJ, Blais JM, Pauli BD. Using wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles and semipermeable membrane devices to monitor polycyclic aromatic compounds in boreal wetlands in the oil sands region of northern Alberta, Canada. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:148-157. [PMID: 30265921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several recent studies have reported evidence that surface mining operations of bitumen in northern Alberta's oil sands (OS) region contribute significantly to the atmospheric deposition of metals and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) within the vicinity of OS development. The present study examines the accumulation of PACs in boreal wetlands at varying distance from OS industrial activities with the use of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles. SPMDs were deployed in shallow lentic waterbodies adjacent to wood frog egg masses and were retrieved, along with tadpoles, approximately 35-45 days later. The highest concentrations of PACs were detected in SPMDs deployed within a 25 km radius of surface mining activity, consistent with snow deposition studies of PACs in the region. In wetlands located within the vicinity of surface mining activity, PAC profiles of SPMDs and wood frog tadpoles were dominated by C1-C4 alkylated PACs, including alkylated dibenzothiophenes, which are strongly indicative of petrogenic sources. Contrary to differences seen in the SPMD PAC concentrations, there were no obvious differences in the ∑PACs in wood frog tissue between wetland study sites, although alkylated fluorenes were found to be higher in tadpoles collected from a wetland located within 10 km of two bitumen upgrading facilities. The use of SPMDs in tandem with wood frog tadpoles can help assess the potential exposure of aquatic organisms to PACs in boreal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Mundy
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada.
| | - Julie C Bilodeau
- University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Danna M Schock
- Keyano College, 8115 Franklin Avenue, Fort McMurray, Alberta, T9H 2N7, Canada
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Jules M Blais
- University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Bruce D Pauli
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
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Pogorzelec M, Piekarska K. Application of semipermeable membrane devices for long-term monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at various stages of drinking water treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1431-1439. [PMID: 29727967 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The primary goal of the presented study was the investigation of occurrence and concentration of sixteen selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples from various stages of water treatment and verification of the applicability of semi-permeable membrane devices in the monitoring of drinking water. Another objective was to verify if weather seasons affect the concentration and complexity of PAHs. For these purposes, semipermeable membrane devices were installed in a surface water treatment plant located in Lower Silesia (Poland). Samples were collected monthly over a period of one year. To determine the effect of water treatment on PAH concentrations, four sampling sites were selected: raw water input, a stream of water in the pipe just before ozonation, treated water output and water after passing through the distribution system. After each month of sampling, SPMDs were exchanged for fresh ones and prepared for instrumental analysis. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The presented study indicates that semipermeable membrane devices can be an effective tool for the analysis of drinking water, in which organic micropollutants occur at very low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pogorzelec
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Piekarska
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Poland
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Bergmann AJ, Tanguay RL, Anderson KA. Using passive sampling and zebrafish to identify developmental toxicants in complex mixtures. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2290-2298. [PMID: 28326615 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using effects-directed analysis, we investigated associations previously observed between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and embryotoxicity in field-deployed low-density polyethylene (LDPE). We conducted effects-directed analysis using a zebrafish embryo assay and iterative fractionation of extracts of LDPE that were deployed in the Portland Harbor superfund megasite, Oregon (USA). Whole extracts induced toxicity including mortality, edema, and notochord distortion at 20% effect concentration (EC20) values of approximately 100, 100, and 10 mg LDPE/mL, respectively. Through fractionation, we determined that PAHs at concentrations similar to previous research did not contribute markedly to toxicity. We also eliminated pesticides, phthalates, musks, and other substances identified in toxic fractions by testing surrogate mixtures. We identified free fatty acids as lethal components of LDPE extracts and confirmed their toxicity with authentic standards. We found chromatographic evidence that dithiocarbamates are responsible for notochord and other sublethal effects, although exact matches were not obtained. Fatty acids and dithiocarbamates were previously unrecorded components of LDPE extracts and likely contribute to the toxicity of the whole mixture. The present study demonstrates the success of effects-directed analysis in nontargeted hazard identification using the zebrafish embryo test as a self-contained battery of bioassays that allows identification of multiple chemicals with different modes of action. This is the first effects-directed analysis to combine LDPE and zebrafish, approaches that are widely applicable to identifying developmental hazards in the bioavailable fraction of hydrophobic organic compounds. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2290-2298. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Bergmann
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon, USA
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon, USA
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon, USA
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Claessens M, Monteyne E, Wille K, Vanhaecke L, Roose P, Janssen CR. Passive sampling reversed: coupling passive field sampling with passive lab dosing to assess the ecotoxicity of mixtures present in the marine environment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 93:9-19. [PMID: 25752535 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new approach in aquatic toxicity testing combining passive sampling and passive dosing. Polydimethylsiloxane sheets were used to sample contaminant mixtures in the marine environment. These sheets were subsequently transferred to ecotoxicological test medium in which the sampled contaminant mixtures were released through passive dosing. 4 out of 17 of these mixtures caused severe effects in a growth inhibition assay with a marine diatom. These effects could not be explained by the presence of compounds detected in the sampling area and were most likely attributable to unmeasured compounds absorbed to the passive samplers during field deployment. The findings of this study indicate that linking passive sampling in the field to passive dosing in laboratory ecotoxicity tests provides a practical and complimentary approach for assessing the toxicity of hydrophobic contaminant mixtures that mimics realistic environmental exposures. Limitations and opportunities for future improvements are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Claessens
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Els Monteyne
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Model, 2e en 23e Linieregimentsplein, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Klaas Wille
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Group of Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Group of Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Patrick Roose
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Model, 2e en 23e Linieregimentsplein, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Colin R Janssen
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Integrated assessment of PAH contamination in the Czech Rivers using a combination of chemical and biological monitoring. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:918097. [PMID: 24616653 PMCID: PMC3925601 DOI: 10.1155/2014/918097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) pollution of selected rivers in the Czech Republic. Integrated evaluation was carried out using combination of chemical and biological monitoring, in which we measured content of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in chub bile and priority PAH in water samples obtained by exposing the semipermeable membrane devices at each location. The concentrations of 1-OHP in bile samples and sum of priority PAH in water sampler ranged from 6.8 ng mg protein−1 to 106.6 ng mg protein−1 and from 5.2 ng L−1 to 173.9 ng L−1, respectively. The highest levels of biliary metabolite and PAH in water were measured at the Odra River (the Bohumín site), which is located in relatively heavily industrialized and polluted region. Statistically significant positive correlation between biliary 1-OHP and sum of PAH in water was also obtained (P < 0.01, rs = 0.806).
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Allan SE, Smith BW, Tanguay RL, Anderson KA. Bridging environmental mixtures and toxic effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2012; 31:2877-87. [PMID: 23001962 PMCID: PMC3502726 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Biological Response Indicator Devices Gauging Environmental Stressors (BRIDGES) is a bioanalytical tool that combines passive sampling with the embryonic zebrafish developmental toxicity bioassay to provide a quantitative measure of the toxicity of bioavailable complex mixtures. Passive sampling devices (PSDs), which sequester and concentrate bioavailable organic contaminants from the environment, were deployed in the Willamette and Columbia Rivers within and outside of the Portland Harbor Superfund site in Portland, OR, USA. Six sampling events were conducted in the summer and fall of 2009 and 2010. Passive sampling device extracts were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds and screened for 1,201 chemicals of concern using deconvolution-reporting software. The developmental toxicity of the extracts was analyzed using the embryonic zebrafish bioassay. The BRIDGES tool provided site-specific, temporally resolved information about environmental contaminant mixtures and their toxicity. Multivariate modeling approaches were applied to paired chemical and toxic effects data sets to help unravel chemistry-toxicity associations. Modeling elucidated spatial and temporal trends in PAH concentrations and the toxicity of the samples and identified a subset of PAH analytes that were the most highly correlated with observed toxicity. Although the present study highlights the complexity of discerning specific bioactive compounds in complex mixtures, it demonstrates methods for associating toxic effects with chemical characteristics of environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Allan
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Brian W. Smith
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Robert L. Tanguay
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Kim A. Anderson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR 97331
- To whom correspondence may be addressed: Kim Anderson, Oregon State University, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, ALS Rm. 1007, Corvallis, OR 97331, Phone: 541-737-8501, Fax: 541-737-0497,
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Hillwalker WE, Allan SE, Tanguay RL, Anderson KA. Exploiting lipid-free tubing passive samplers and embryonic zebrafish to link site specific contaminant mixtures to biological responses. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 79:1-7. [PMID: 20172587 PMCID: PMC2833334 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Biological Response Indicator Devices Gauging Environmental Stressors (BRIDGES) bio-analytical tool was developed in response to the need for a quantitative technology for assessing the toxicity of environmentally relevant contaminant mixtures. This tool combines passive samplers with the embryonic zebrafish model. When applied in an urban river it effectively linked site specific, bioavailable contaminant mixtures to multiple biological responses. Embryonic zebrafish exposed to extracts from lipid-free passive samplers that were deployed at five locations, within and outside of the Portland Harbor Superfund Megasite, displayed different responses. Six of the eighteen biological responses observed in 941 exposed zebrafish were significantly different between sites. This demonstrates the sensitivity of the bio-analytical tool for detecting spatially distinct toxicity in aquatic systems; bridging environmental exposure to biological response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kim A. Anderson
- Corresponding Author: Kim A. Anderson, , Oregon State University, 1007 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, 541-737-8501 (TEL), 541-737-0497 (FAX)
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David A, Gomez E, Aït-Aïssa S, Bachelot M, Rosain D, Casellas C, Fenet H. Monitoring organic contaminants in small French coastal lagoons: comparison of levels in mussel, passive sampler and sediment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:1471-81. [DOI: 10.1039/b925641e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Luo J, Ma M, Zha J, Wang Z. Assessing accumulation and biological effect of hydrophobic organic contaminants in water using caged Japanese medaka and deployed triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membranes. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2009; 82:482-487. [PMID: 18958381 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Applicability of triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) to accumulation and potential biological effect assessment for hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) was investigated compared with Japanese medaka. The results of field exposure showed that medaka and TECAMs accumulated contaminants in a similar pattern with good correlations between concentrations in medaka and TECAMs based on lipid weight for OCPs (r=0.96, p=0.01, n=9) and PAHs (r=0.73, p=0.01, n=13). Meanwhile, 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents (TEQs) of TECAM extracts detected by in vitro H4IIE cell bioassay corresponded well to hepatic EROD activities of exposed fish and TEQs of water samples. We concluded that TECAM could be utilized as a surrogate for biomonitoring organisms to assess the bioaccumulation of HOCs and potential biological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
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Cui Z, Liu J, Li P, Cao B, Luo C, Cao J. Biomonitoring of detoxifying activity as measured by CYP1A1 induction in Yangtze and Jialing Rivers in Chongqing City in China. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2009; 72:782-788. [PMID: 19492243 DOI: 10.1080/15287390902841680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the potential toxicities of organic pollutants in the river water of Chongqing City (China), chemicals were extracted from surface water of the Yangtze River and Jialing River between August 2004 and January 2005. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed that the main compounds detected were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and phthalate acid esters (PAE). The ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) test showed that the toxic equivalency (TEQ) values of the samples ranged from 0.9 to 13.3 x 10(-4) pg 2,3,7,8-TCDD/L river water. Incubation of H4IIE cells with organic extracts produced a time-dependent induction of cytochrome P-450 1A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA expression as determined by (1) reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), (2) positive binding to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and (3) activation of xenobiotic response element (XRE) by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Data indicated that organic extracts from the river water of Chongqing City induced CYP1A1 activity in hepatocytes in vitro. A possible mechanism underlying toxicity might involve the AhR signal pathway, but further studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Cui
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, Preventive Medical College, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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