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Liao J, Li N, Yang Y, Yang J, Tian Y, Luo Z, Jiang M. Tolerance and Heavy Metal Accumulation Characteristics of Sasa argenteostriata (Regel) E.G. Camus under Zinc Single Stress and Combined Lead–Zinc Stress. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080450. [PMID: 36006129 PMCID: PMC9415762 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sasa argenteostriata (Regel) E.G. Camus is a gramineous plant with the potential for phytoremediation. In this study, we aimed to determine its tolerance to zinc stress and combined lead–zinc stress and the effect of zinc on its absorption and accumulation characteristics of lead. The results showed that S. argenteostriata had good tolerance to zinc stress, and S. argenteostriata was not significantly damaged when the zinc stress concentration was 600 mg/L. Under both zinc stress and combined lead–zinc stress, the root was the main organ that accumulated heavy metals in S. argenteostriata. The presence of zinc promoted the absorption of lead by the root of S. argenteostriata, and the lead content in the root under PZ1, PZ2, PZ3 and PZ4 treatments was 2.15, 4.31, 4.47 and 6.01 times that of PZ0 on the 20 days. In the combined lead–zinc stress treatments, the toxicity of heavy metals to S. argenteostriata was mainly caused by lead. Under high concentrations of combined lead–zinc stress (PZ4), the proportion of zinc in the leaf of S. argenteostriata on the 20 days increased, which was used as a tolerance strategy to alleviate the toxicity of lead.
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Abbasi S, Lamb DT, Choppala G, Burton ED, Megharaj M. Antimony speciation, phytochelatin stimulation and toxicity in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119305. [PMID: 35430314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid that has been listed as a priority pollutant. The environmental impacts of Sb have recently attracted attention, but its phytotoxicity and biological transformation remain poorly understood. In this study, Sb speciation and transformation in plant roots was quantified by Sb K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In addition, the phytotoxicity of antimonate (SbV) on six plant species was assessed by measuring plant photosynthesis, growth, and phytochelatin production induced by SbV. Linear combination fitting of the Sb K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra indicated reduction of SbV was limited to ∼5-33% of Sb. The data confirmed that Sb-polygalacturonic acid was the predominant chemical form in all plant species (up to 95%), indicating Sb was primarily bound to the cell walls of plant roots. Shell fitting of Sb K-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectra confirmed Sb-O and Sb-C were the dominant scattering paths. The fitting indicated that SbV was bound to hydroxyl functional groups of cell walls, via development of a local coordination environment analogous to Sb-polygalacturonic acid. This is the first study to demonstrate the key role of plant cell walls in Sb metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide Abbasi
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Environmental Resources Management (ERM), Sydney, Australia
| | - Dane T Lamb
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| | - Girish Choppala
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edward D Burton
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Hoang SA, Lamb D, Seshadri B, Sarkar B, Cheng Y, Wang L, Bolan NS. Petroleum hydrocarbon rhizoremediation and soil microbial activity improvement via cluster root formation by wild proteaceae plant species. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130135. [PMID: 33984915 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoremediation potential of different wild plant species for total (aliphatic) petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH)-contaminated soils was investigated. Three-week-old seedlings of Acacia inaequilatera, Acacia pyrifolia, Acacia stellaticeps, Banksia seminuda, Chloris truncata, Hakea prostrata, Hardenbergia violacea, and Triodia wiseana were transplanted in a soil contaminated with diesel and engine oil as TPH at pollution levels of 4,370 (TPH1) and 7,500 (TPH2) mg kg-1, and an uncontaminated control (TPH0). After 150 days, the presence of TPH negatively affected the plant growth, but the growth inhibition effect varied between the plant species. Plant growth and associated root biomass influenced the activity of rhizo-microbiome. The presence of B. seminuda, C. truncata, and H. prostrata significantly increased the TPH removal rate (up to 30% compared to the unplanted treatment) due to the stimulation of rhizosphere microorganisms. No significant difference was observed between TPH1 and TPH2 regarding the plant tolerance and rhizoremediation potentials of the three plant species. The presence of TPH stimulated cluster root formation in B. seminuda and H. prostrata which was associated with enhanced TPH remediation of these two members of Proteaceae family. These results indicated that B. seminuda, C. truncata, and H. prostrata wild plant species could be suitable candidates for the rhizoremediation of TPH-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son A Hoang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Division of Urban Infrastructural Engineering, Mien Trung University of Civil Engineering, Phu Yen, 56000, Viet Nam
| | - Dane Lamb
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, PO Box 18, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; The Global Innovation Centre for Advanced Nanotechnology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Balaji Seshadri
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, PO Box 18, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Cheng
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, PO Box 18, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Liang Wang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, PO Box 18, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, PO Box 18, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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Abbasi S, Lamb DT, Kader M, Naidu R, Megharaj M. The influence of long-term ageing on arsenic ecotoxicity in soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124819. [PMID: 33341573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ageing of a contaminant in soil influences the bioavailability and toxicity of environmental pollutants. Yet, despite arsenic (As) being an important terrestrial contaminant, the effect of As ageing on phytotoxicity has received relatively little research. Research to date has reported predominantly short term (< 0.5 years) experiments. Here, we studied the influence of ageing over 0.25 and 5 years on the phytotoxicity of As (as arsenate) on Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber). The study showed that increasing ageing time of As from 0.25 to 5 years increased the EC10 and EC50 values by 4.0 and 1.76 fold, respectively. The dependence of ageing on soil properties was also examined, although only Freundlich sorption parameters were correlated to the ageing factor (r = 0.68, P = 0.028). Soils with high adsorption capacity also showed the greatest change in toxicity over 5 years. In addition, data was compiled from relevant literature to develop a model for As ecotoxicity. The combined model (n = 54) showed no relationship with pH but was correlated to the oxalate extractable iron content and %clay. Arsenate ecotoxicity (EC50, mg/kg) in the multivariate model was related to oxalate iron content, %clay and ageing time. Thus, the results of this study have significant implications for risk assessment of long-term As contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide Abbasi
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Dane T Lamb
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Australia
| | - Mohammed Kader
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Australia
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El-Sherbiny MM, Ismail AI, EL-Hefnawy ME. A preliminary assessment of potential ecological risk and soil contamination by heavy metals around a cement factory, western Saudi Arabia. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTwenty surface soil samples (0-10 cm) and shoots of a perennial shrub Zygophyllum coccineum L. were collected around a cement factory on the western coast of Saudi Arabia, in order to assess concentrations of some heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn). The most noticeable among all heavy metals was Pb that showed an average concentration of 460.15±86.60 μg g-1 followed by Cr (138.67±30.89 μg g-1), Zn (54.41±43.79 μg g-1), Ni (41.22±12.60 μg g-1) and Cu (33.48±12.52 μg g-1). Based on biological concentration factor analysis, Z. coccineum can be considered as an accumulator only for zinc (BCF >1). Estimation of various ecological contamination factors revealed the significant impact of Pb in the environmental pollution in the region. It is also understood that the primary contribution to the ecological risk index (RI) mainly originated from various anthropogenic influences such as industrialization and urbanization. The different statistical analysis further revealed the potential effect of soil characteristics on the occurrence and dispersal of heavy metals in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali I. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Rabigh College of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E. EL-Hefnawy
- Department of Chemistry, Rabigh College of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh21911, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta31527, Egypt
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Mahbub KR, Kader M, Krishnan K, Labbate M, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Toxicity of Inorganic Mercury to Native Australian Grass Grown in Three Different Soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:850-855. [PMID: 28451726 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three native Australian grasses namely Iseilema membranaceum (Barcoo), Dichanthium sericeum (Queensland Blue) and Sporobolus africanus (Tussock) were grown in three different soils spiked with different concentrations of inorganic mercury and the root elongation was monitored up to 28 days following the germination. Results showed that mercury at certain concentrations significantly inhibited the root growth of all three tested native grasses grown in three soils, however, the toxicity was less in the soil with high organic carbon content and acidic pH. The calculated EC50 values ranged from 10 to 224 mg/kg total Hg in soil. However, the EC10 values indicated that existing guideline values for mercury may be of protective to the native Australian vegetation. Considering their tolerance to soil mercury, these grass species have the potential for their use in rehabilitation of mercury contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khandaker Rayhan Mahbub
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- School of Life Sciences & the i3 Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammed Kader
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Kannan Krishnan
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Maurizio Labbate
- School of Life Sciences & the i3 Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Kader M, Lamb DT, Mahbub KR, Megharaj M, Naidu R. Predicting plant uptake and toxicity of lead (Pb) in long-term contaminated soils from derived transfer functions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15460-15470. [PMID: 27117154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory assessment of lead (Pb) in contaminated soils is still expressed primarily as total Pb concentrations in soil. In this study, we estimated effective concentrations (ECx) of Pb to Cucumis sativa L. (cucumber) focusing primarily on pore-water Pb data from 10 different soils after 12 weeks ageing. Phytotoxicity expressed in terms of Pb(2+) was observed to occur in the nanomolar range in neutral to alkaline soils (EC50 values 90 to 853 nM) and micromolar levels for acidic soils (EC50 values 7.35 to 9.66 μM). Internal Pb concentrations relating to toxicity (PT50) in roots and shoots also decreased with increasing pore-water pH (R (2) = 0.52 to 0.53). From a series of dose-response studies, we developed transfer functions predicting Pb uptake in C. sativa and we validated these functions with long-term Pb contaminated soils. The significant independent parameters were pore-water Pb(2+) and dissolved Pb plus dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The observed RMSE for the Pb-DOC model and Pb(2+) were 2.6 and 8.8, respectively. The Pb-DOC model tended to under-predict Pb, whilst Pb(2+) tended to over-predict accumulation despite reasonable RMSE values. Further validation is needed in soils with higher pore-water Pb solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Kader
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Dane T Lamb
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Khandaker Rayhan Mahbub
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Bernard F, Dumez S, Brulle F, Lemière S, Platel A, Nesslany F, Cuny D, Deram A, Vandenbulcke F. Antioxidant defense gene analysis in Brassica oleracea and Trifolium repens exposed to Cd and/or Pb. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:3136-51. [PMID: 26514569 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the expression analysis of antioxidant defense genes in Brassica oleracea and in Trifolium repens. Plants were exposed for 3, 10, and 56 days in microcosms to a field-collected suburban soil spiked by low concentrations of cadmium and/or lead. In both species, metal accumulations and expression levels of genes encoding proteins involved and/or related to antioxidant defense systems (glutathione transferases, peroxidases, catalases, metallothioneins) were quantified in leaves in order to better understand the detoxification processes involved following exposure to metals. It appeared that strongest gene expression variations in T. repens were observed when plants are exposed to Cd (metallothionein and ascorbate peroxidase upregulations) whereas strongest variations in B. oleracea were observed in case of Cd/Pb co-exposures (metallothionein, glutathione transferase, and peroxidase upregulations). Results also suggest that there is a benefit to use complementary species in order to better apprehend the biological effects in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bernard
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement EA4515, Université Lille Nord de France-Lille 1, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille, EA4483, 59006, Lille Cedex, France
| | - S Dumez
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille, EA4483, 59006, Lille Cedex, France
| | - F Brulle
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille, EA4483, 59006, Lille Cedex, France
| | - S Lemière
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement EA4515, Université Lille Nord de France-Lille 1, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - A Platel
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483, 59800, Lille, France
| | - F Nesslany
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483, 59800, Lille, France
| | - D Cuny
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille, EA4483, 59006, Lille Cedex, France
| | - A Deram
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille, EA4483, 59006, Lille Cedex, France
- Faculté de Management de la Santé (ILIS), Université de Lille, EA4483, F-59120, Loos, France
| | - F Vandenbulcke
- Université de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement EA4515, Université Lille Nord de France-Lille 1, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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Guarino C, Conte B, Spada V, Arena S, Sciarrillo R, Scaloni A. Proteomic analysis of eucalyptus leaves unveils putative mechanisms involved in the plant response to a real condition of soil contamination by multiple heavy metals in the presence or absence of mycorrhizal/rhizobacterial additives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:11487-11496. [PMID: 25203592 DOI: 10.1021/es502070m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on the growth, accumulation performances of, and leaf proteomic changes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis plants harvested for different periods of time in an industrial, heavy metals (HMs)-contaminated site in the presence or absence of soil microorganism (AMs/PGPRs) additives. Data were compared to those of control counterparts grown in a neighboring nonpolluted district. Plants harvested in the contaminated areas grew well and accumulated HMs in their leaves. The addition of AMs/PGPRs to the polluted soil determined plant growth and metal accumulation performances that surpassed those observed in the control. Comparative proteomics suggested molecular mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to the HMs challenge. Similarly to what was observed in laboratory-scale investigations on other metal hyperaccumulators but not on HMs-sensitive plants, eucalyptus grown in the contaminated areas showed an over-representation of enzymes involved in photosynthesis and the Calvin cycle. AMs/PGPRs addition to the soil increased the activation of these energetic pathways, suggesting the existence of signaling mechanisms that address the energy/reductive power requirement associated with augmented growth performances. HMs-exposed plants presented an over-representation of antioxidant enzymes, chaperones, and proteins involved in glutathione metabolism. While some antioxidant enzymes/chaperones returned to almost normal expression values in the presence of AMs/PGPRs or in plants exposed to HMs for prolonged periods, proteins guaranteeing elevated glutathione levels were constantly over-represented. These data suggest that glutathione (and related phytochelatins) could act as key molecules for ensuring the effective formation of HMs-chelating complexes that are possibly responsible for the observed plant tolerance to metal stresses. Overall, these results suggest potential genetic traits for further selection of phytoremediating plants based on dedicated cloning or breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Guarino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio , 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Ivanov YV, Savochkin YV, Kuznetsov VV. Development of scots pine seedlings and functioning of antioxidant systems under the chronic action of lead ions. BIOL BULL+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359013010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Lamb DT, Naidu R, Ming H, Megharaj M. Copper phytotoxicity in native and agronomical plant species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 85:23-29. [PMID: 22995781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a widespread soil contaminant that is known to be highly toxic to soil biota. Limited information is available on the response of wild endemic species to Cu in the literature, which hinders ecological risk assessments and revegetation. In the present study, the phytotoxicity of Cu in nutrient solution was studied in five Australian endemic plant species (Acacia decurrens, Austrodanthonia richardsonii (Wallaby Grass), Bothriochloa macra (Redgrass), Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. camaldulensis (River Red-Gum) and Dichanthium sericeum (Bluegrass) and two vegetable plants species (Lactuca sativa L. 'Great lakes' and Raphanus sativa L.). Vegetable species were grown in a more concentrated nutrient solution. The response of B. macra was also compared between the two nutrient solutions (dilute and concentrated nutrient solution). In the first experiment, D. sericeum and E. camaldulensis were found to be highly sensitive to Cu exposure in nutrient culture. Critical exogenous Cu concentrations (50 percent reduction in roots) for E. camaldulensis, D. sericeum, A. richardsonii, B. macra (dilute), L. sativa, B. macra (concentrated), R. sativa and A. decurrens were, respectively, (μg/L) 16, 35, 83, 88, 97, 105, 128 and 186. Copper tolerance in B. macra was observed to be higher in the more concentrated nutrient solution despite the estimated Cu(2+) concentration being very similar in treatment solutions. Additional short-term rhizo-accumulation studies showed that neither Ca(2+) not K(+) was responsible for reduced uptake at the roots. However, the estimated maximum shoot Cu was reduced from 41 to 24mg/kg in the more concentrated solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane T Lamb
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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Singh HP, Kaur G, Batish DR, Kohli RK. Lead (Pb)-inhibited radicle emergence in Brassica campestris involves alterations in starch-metabolizing enzymes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 144:1295-301. [PMID: 21735112 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal released into the natural environment and known to cause oxidative damage and alter antioxidant mechanism in plants. However, not much is known about the interference of Pb with the biochemical processes and carbohydrate metabolism during seed germination. We, therefore, investigated the effect of Pb (50-500 μM) upon biochemical alterations in germinating seeds (at 24-h stage) of Brassica campestris L. Pb treatment significantly enhanced protein and carbohydrate contents that increased by ~43% and 200%, respectively, at 500-μM Pb over control. In contrast, the activities of starch/carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes--α-amylases, β-amylases, acid invertases, and acid phosphatases--decreased by ~54%, 60%, 74%, and 52%, respectively, over control. Activities of peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases, involved in stress acclimation, however, increased by ~1.2- to 3.9-folds and 0.4- to 1.4-folds upon 50-500-μM Pb treatment. Pb enhanced oxidizing ability by 10 to 16.7 times over control suggesting interference with emerging root's oxidizing capacity. The study concludes that Pb exposure inhibits radicle emergence from B. campestris by interfering with the biochemical processes linked to protein and starch metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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