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Li S, Feng Q, Liu J, He Y, Shi L, Boyanov MI, O'Loughlin EJ, Kemner KM, Sanford RA, Shao H, He X, Sheng A, Cheng H, Shen C, Tu W, Dong Y. Carbonate Minerals and Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Organisms Trigger Synergistic Abiotic and Biotic Chain Reactions under Elevated CO 2 Concentration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16428-16440. [PMID: 36301735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing CO2 emission has resulted in pressing climate and environmental issues. While abiotic and biotic processes mediating the fate of CO2 have been studied separately, their interactions and combined effects have been poorly understood. To explore this knowledge gap, an iron-reducing organism, Orenia metallireducens, was cultured under 18 conditions that systematically varied in headspace CO2 concentrations, ferric oxide loading, and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) availability. The results showed that abiotic and biotic processes interactively mediate CO2 acidification and sequestration through "chain reactions", with pH being the dominant variable. Specifically, dolomite alleviated CO2 stress on microbial activity, possibly via pH control that transforms the inhibitory CO2 to the more benign bicarbonate species. The microbial iron reduction further impacted pH via the competition between proton (H+) consumption during iron reduction and H+ generation from oxidization of the organic substrate. Under Fe(III)-rich conditions, microbial iron reduction increased pH, driving dissolved CO2 to form bicarbonate. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses showed enhanced formation of siderite (FeCO3) under elevated CO2, supporting its incorporation into solids. The results of these CO2-microbe-mineral experiments provide insights into the synergistic abiotic and biotic processes that alleviate CO2 acidification and favor its sequestration, which can be instructive for practical applications (e.g., acidification remediation, CO2 sequestration, and modeling of carbon flux).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Qi Feng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yu He
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Liang Shi
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Maxim I Boyanov
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia1113, Bulgaria
| | - Edward J O'Loughlin
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Kenneth M Kemner
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Robert A Sanford
- Department of Geology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois60801, United States
| | - Hongbo Shao
- Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois61820, United States
| | - Xiao He
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Anxu Sheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Hang Cheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Chunhua Shen
- Center for Materials Research and Analysis, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Wenmao Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
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Baldrian P, Bell-Dereske L, Lepinay C, Větrovský T, Kohout P. Fungal communities in soils under global change. Stud Mycol 2022; 103:1-24. [PMID: 36760734 PMCID: PMC9886077 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil fungi play indispensable roles in all ecosystems including the recycling of organic matter and interactions with plants, both as symbionts and pathogens. Past observations and experimental manipulations indicate that projected global change effects, including the increase of CO2 concentration, temperature, change of precipitation and nitrogen (N) deposition, affect fungal species and communities in soils. Although the observed effects depend on the size and duration of change and reflect local conditions, increased N deposition seems to have the most profound effect on fungal communities. The plant-mutualistic fungal guilds - ectomycorrhizal fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - appear to be especially responsive to global change factors with N deposition and warming seemingly having the strongest adverse effects. While global change effects on fungal biodiversity seem to be limited, multiple studies demonstrate increases in abundance and dispersal of plant pathogenic fungi. Additionally, ecosystems weakened by global change-induced phenomena, such as drought, are more vulnerable to pathogen outbreaks. The shift from mutualistic fungi to plant pathogens is likely the largest potential threat for the future functioning of natural and managed ecosystems. However, our ability to predict global change effects on fungi is still insufficient and requires further experimental work and long-term observations. Citation: Baldrian P, Bell-Dereske L, Lepinay C, Větrovský T, Kohout P (2022). Fungal communities in soils under global change. Studies in Mycology 103: 1-24. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Baldrian
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic,*Corresponding author: Petr Baldrian,
| | - L. Bell-Dereske
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C. Lepinay
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T. Větrovský
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P. Kohout
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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Frew A, Price JN, Oja J, Vasar M, Öpik M. Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their role in moderating plant allometric partitioning. MYCORRHIZA 2021; 31:423-430. [PMID: 33674909 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-021-01025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) effects on plants depend on several factors including plant photosynthetic physiology (e.g. C3, C4), soil nutrient availability and plants' co-evolved soil-dwelling fungal symbionts, namely arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Complicated interactions among these components will determine the outcomes for plants. Therefore, clearer understanding is needed of how plant growth and nutrient uptake, along with root-colonising AM fungal communities, are simultaneously impacted by eCO2. We conducted a factorial growth chamber experiment with a C3 and a C4 grass species (± AM fungi and ± eCO2). We found that eCO2 increased plant biomass allocation towards the roots, but only in plants without AM fungi, potentially associated with an eCO2-driven increase in plant nutrient requirements. Furthermore, our data suggest a difference in the identities of root-colonising fungal taxa between ambient CO2 and eCO2 treatments, particularly in the C4 grass species, although this was not statistically significant. As AM fungi are ubiquitous partners of grasses, their response to increasing atmospheric CO2 is likely to have important consequences for how grassland ecosystems respond to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Frew
- Centre for Crop Health, School of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jodi N Price
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane Oja
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martti Vasar
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maarja Öpik
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Goicoechea N. Mycorrhizal Fungi as Bioprotectors of Crops Against Verticillium Wilt-A Hypothetical Scenario Under Changing Environmental Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9111468. [PMID: 33143304 PMCID: PMC7693752 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The association that many crops can establish with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) present in soils can enhance the resistance of the host plants against several pathogens, including Verticillium spp. The increased resistance of mycorrhizal plants is mainly due to the improved nutritional and water status of crops and to enhanced antioxidant metabolism and/or increased production of secondary metabolites in the plant tissues. However, the effectiveness of AMF in protecting their host plants against Verticillium spp. may vary depending on the environmental factors. Some environmental factors, such as the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the availability of soil water and the air and soil temperatures, are predicted to change drastically by the end of the century. The present paper discusses to what extent the climate change may influence the role of AMF in protecting crops against Verticillium-induced wilt, taking into account the current knowledge about the direct and indirect effects that the changing environment can exert on AMF communities in soils and on the symbiosis between crops and AMF, as well as on the development, incidence and impact of diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Goicoechea
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Department of Environmental Biology, School of Sciences, Universidad de Navarra, Associated to CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Maček I, Clark DR, Šibanc N, Moser G, Vodnik D, Müller C, Dumbrell AJ. Impacts of long-term elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations on communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:3445-3458. [PMID: 31233651 PMCID: PMC6851679 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The ecological impacts of long-term elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2 ) levels on soil microbiota remain largely unknown. This is particularly true for the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which form mutualistic associations with over two-thirds of terrestrial plant species and are entirely dependent on their plant hosts for carbon. Here, we use high-resolution amplicon sequencing (Illumina, HiSeq) to quantify the response of AM fungal communities to the longest running (>15 years) free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiment in the Northern Hemisphere (GiFACE); providing the first evaluation of these responses from old-growth (>100 years) semi-natural grasslands subjected to a 20% increase in atmospheric CO2 . eCO2 significantly increased AM fungal richness but had a less-pronounced impact on the composition of their communities. However, while broader changes in community composition were not observed, more subtle responses of specific AM fungal taxa were with populations both increasing and decreasing in abundance in response to eCO2 . Most population-level responses to eCO2 were not consistent through time, with a significant interaction between sampling time and eCO2 treatment being observed. This suggests that the temporal dynamics of AM fungal populations may be disturbed by anthropogenic stressors. As AM fungi are functionally differentiated, with different taxa providing different benefits to host plants, changes in population densities in response to eCO2 may significantly impact terrestrial plant communities and their productivity. Thus, predictions regarding future terrestrial ecosystems must consider changes both aboveground and belowground, but avoid relying on broad-scale community-level responses of soil microbes observed on single occasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Maček
- Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies (FAMNIT)University of PrimorskaKoperSlovenia
| | - Dave R. Clark
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EssexColchesterUK
| | - Nataša Šibanc
- Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies (FAMNIT)University of PrimorskaKoperSlovenia
- Slovenian Forestry InstituteLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Gerald Moser
- Department of Plant EcologyJustus‐Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Dominik Vodnik
- Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Plant EcologyJustus‐Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
- School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth InstituteUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
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Yu T, Chen Y. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on environmental microbes and its mechanisms: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:865-879. [PMID: 30481713 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Before the industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration was 180-330 ppm; however, fossil-fuel combustion and forest destruction have led to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. CO2 capture and storage is regarded as a promising strategy to prevent global warming and ocean acidification and to alleviate elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the leakage of CO2 from storage system can lead to rapid acidification of the surrounding circumstance, which might cause negative influence on environmental microbes. The effects of elevated CO2 on microbes have been reported extensively, but the review regarding CO2 affecting different environmental microorganisms has never been done previously. Also, the mechanisms of CO2 affecting environmental microorganisms are usually contributed to the change of pH values, while the direct influences of CO2 on microorganisms were often neglected. This paper aimed to provide a systematic review of elevated CO2 affecting environmental microbes and its mechanisms. Firstly, the influences of elevated CO2 and potential leakage of CO2 from storage sites on community structures and diversity of different surrounding environmental microbes were assessed and compared. Secondly, the adverse impacts of CO2 on microbial growth, cell morphology and membranes, bacterial spores, and microbial metabolism were introduced. Then, based on biochemical principles and knowledge of microbiology and molecular biology, the fundamental mechanisms of the influences of carbon dioxide on environmental microbes were discussed from the aspects of enzyme activity, electron generation and transfer, and key gene and protein expressions. Finally, key questions relevant to the environmental effect of CO2 that need to be answered in the future were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Torres N, Antolín MC, Goicoechea N. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis as a Promising Resource for Improving Berry Quality in Grapevines Under Changing Environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:897. [PMID: 30008729 PMCID: PMC6034061 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and their resulting impacts are becoming a concern for winegrowers due to the high socioeconomic relevance of the winemaking sector worldwide. In fact, the projected climate change is expected to have detrimental impacts on the yield of grapevines, as well as on the quality and properties of grapes and wine. It is well known that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve the nutritional quality of edible parts of crops and play essential roles in the maintenance of host plant fitness under stressed environments, including grapevines. The future scenarios of climate change may also modify the diversity and the growth of AMF in soils as well as the functionality of the mycorrhizal symbiosis. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on the effects of climate change on grapevine metabolism, paying special attention to the secondary compounds involved in the organoleptic properties of grapes and wines and to the levels of the phytohormones implied in the control of berry development and fruit ripening. In this context, the potential role of AMF for maintaining fruit quality in future climate change scenarios is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nieves Goicoechea
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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