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Glaser K, Kammann S, Plag N, Dressler M. Ecophysiological performance of terrestrial diatoms isolated from biocrusts of coastal sand dunes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1279151. [PMID: 38169811 PMCID: PMC10758497 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1279151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial diatoms are widespread in a large variety of habitats and are regularly recorded in biocrusts. Although diatoms have long been known to live in terrestrial habitats, only a few studies have focused on their diversity of ecophysiology. Here we present a study on the ecophysiological performance of five terrestrial diatom cultures from biocrusts, which were collected in sand dunes of the German coast of the Baltic Sea. The sampling sites were selected along a gradient of human impacts on the dunes. The richness of diatom species, roughly estimated from permanent slides, was around 30 species per sampling site. The species abundance was calculated in the same way revealing a high proportion of broken diatom frustules. All diatom cultures established in the laboratory showed no photoinhibition and high oxygen production along a light gradient. The desiccation tolerance differed among the strains, with high recovery observed for Hantzschia abundans and Achnanthes coarctata and low to no recovery for Pinnularia borealis and Pinnularia intermedia. The maximum growth rate for most strains was between 25 and 30°C. These temperatures can be easily reached in their natural environments. Nevertheless, during short-term exposure to elevated temperatures, oxygen production was recorded up to 35°C. Interestingly, two of five diatom cultures (Hantzschia abundans and Pinnularia borealis) produced mycosporine-like amino acids. These UV-protective substances are known from marine diatoms but not previously reported in terrestrial diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Glaser
- Institute for Biosciences, Biology/Ecology, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Kammann
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Niklas Plag
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mirko Dressler
- Department of Physical Geography, Institute for Geography and Geology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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2
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Microbial community shifts induced by plastic and zinc as substitutes of tire abrasion. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18684. [PMID: 36333419 PMCID: PMC9636222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic environments serve as a sink for anthropogenic discharges. A significant part of the discharge is tire wear, which is increasingly being released into the environment, causing environmental disasters due to their longevity and the large number of pollutants they contain. Main components of tires are plastic and zinc, which therefore can be used as substitutes for tire abrasion to study the effect on microbial life. We investigate environmentally realistic concentrations of plastic and zinc on a freshwater microeukaryotic community using high-throughput sequencing of the 18S V9 region over a 14-day exposure period. Apart from a generally unchanged diversity upon exposure to zinc and nanoplastics, a change in community structure due to zinc is evident, but not due to nanoplastics. Evidently, nanoplastic particles hardly affect the community, but zinc exposure results in drastic functional abundance shifts concerning the trophic mode. Phototrophic microorganisms were almost completely diminished initially, but photosynthesis recovered. However, the dominant taxa performing photosynthesis changed from bacillariophytes to chlorophytes. While phototrophic organisms are decreasing in the presence of zinc, the mixotrophic fraction initially benefitted and the heterotrophic fraction were benefitting throughout the exposure period. In contrast to lasting changes in taxon composition, the functional community composition is initially strongly imbalanced after application of zinc but returns to the original state.
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3
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Ecology of testate amoebae in waterbodies of the Central Highlands and South-Central Coast provinces of Vietnam with the description of new species Difflugia quangtrani sp. nov. Eur J Protistol 2022; 86:125933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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4
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Du S, Li XQ, Hao X, Hu HW, Feng J, Huang Q, Liu YR. Stronger responses of soil protistan communities to legacy mercury pollution than bacterial and fungal communities in agricultural systems. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:69. [PMID: 37938257 PMCID: PMC9723755 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution is an important stressor affecting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, we lack a holistic understanding of how soil microbial communities respond to heavy metal pollution in agricultural ecosystems. Here, we explored the distribution patterns and inter-kingdom interactions of entire soil microbiome (including bacteria, fungi, and protists) in 47 paired paddy and upland fields along a gradient of legacy mercury (Hg) pollution. We found that the richness and composition of protistan community had stronger responses to Hg pollution than those of bacterial and fungal communities in both paddy and upland soils. Mercury polluted soils harbored less protistan phototrophs but more protistan consumers. We further revealed that long-term Hg pollution greatly increased network complexity of protistan community than that of bacterial and fungal communities, as well as intensified the interactions between protists and the other microorganisms. Moreover, our results consistently indicated that protistan communities had stronger responses to long-term Hg pollution than bacterial and fungal communities in agricultural soils based on structural equation models and random forest analyses. Our study highlights that soil protists can be used as bioindicators of Hg pollution, with important implications for the assessment of contaminated farmlands and the sustainable management of agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xin-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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5
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Wu C, Chao Y, Shu L, Qiu R. Interactions between soil protists and pollutants: An unsolved puzzle. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128297. [PMID: 35077968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil protists are essential but often overlooked in soils, although they play crucial functional roles in the terrestrial ecosystem. While soil protists have drawn increased attention to their functional role in soils, their interaction with soil pollutants remains unresolved. This review provides a first overview of the current understanding of interactions between soil protists and major pollutants (heavy metals, organic pollutants, nanoparticles, and soil pathogens). We summarize how soil pollutants affect protists and vice versa, showing that we are just beginning to understand their complex interactions. In addition, we identify five research gaps, including hidden diversity, adaptive mechanisms, species interactions, soil bioindicators and environmental applications, and we hope that our review will help promote and build research guidelines for the future. In conclusion, a better understanding of soil pollutant-protist interactions will significantly increase our knowledge of the pollution ecology in the soil and how soil organisms respond and adapt to environmental pollution, which will contribute to the bioremediation and environmental applications of protists in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyuan Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuanqing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Longfei Shu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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6
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Nguyen BAT, Chen QL, He JZ, Hu HW. Livestock manure spiked with the antibiotic tylosin significantly altered soil protist functional groups. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:127867. [PMID: 34844807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing global antibiotic uses in livestock husbandry, animal manures upon land application pose potential threats to the environments and soil microbiome. Nevertheless, effects of manures and antibiotic-administered manures on soil protists, an integral component of soil food web and primary regulators of bacteria, remain unknown. Here, we assessed impacts of cattle and poultry manures with or without an antibiotic tylosin on soil protists and their functional groups in a 130-day microcosm incubation. Protists were highly responsive to manure application, with a significant decline in their alpha diversity in all manure treatments. There were also significant temporal changes in the alpha diversity and composition of soil protists and their functional groups. Poultry manures had stronger negative influences on the community structure of protists compared to cattle manures, and more pronounced effects on protists were observed in tylosin-spiked manure treatments. Furthermore, many consumer, phototrophic and parasitic taxa were highly susceptible to all manure treatments at Day 50 and 130. Altogether, our findings demonstrate negative effects of animal manures and tylosin on soil protists. This study suggests that the applications of livestock manures and antibiotics may subsequently alter ecological functions of protists and their interactions with other soil microorganisms in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Anh T Nguyen
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Qing-Lin Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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7
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Distribution of soil testate amoeba assemblages along an elevation gradient on mount fuji (Japan). Eur J Protistol 2022; 84:125894. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Wanner M, Sogame Y, Shimizu M. An elevation transect study of testate amoeba communities up to 4000 m a.s.l. on mount kinabalu, borneo. Eur J Protistol 2022; 83:125868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Kavehei A, Gore DB, Chariton AA, Hose GC. Characterizing the spatial distributions of soil biota at a legacy base metal mine using environmental DNA. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131899. [PMID: 34426292 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the distribution of biota in response to contaminants is a critical element of site risk assessments. In this study we investigated the spatial distributions of biota and soil chemistry data in surface soil from Sunny Corner, a legacy base metal sulfide mine, Australia. Our results showed that copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in the surface soil exceeded Australian national soil quality guidelines and posed risks to the environment. Environmental (e)DNA metabarcoding of prokaryote and eukaryote composition confirmed the suggestion of environmental risk posed by these elements collectively explaining 72.9 % and 60.5 % of the total variation in the composition of soil prokaryotes and eukaryotes, respectively. Prokaryotic taxa from the phyla Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia and Deinococcus-Thermus showed similar spatial patterns to As and Pb, and were positively correlated. Eukaryotic taxa from the phylum Chlorophyta had similar positive correlations with As and Pb in the soil. In contrast, Amoebozoa and Cercozoa, were sensitive to metals and metalloids, having higher relative abundances in soils with lower concentrations of contaminants. Our study shows that metabarcoding is a promising ecological approach for rapid, large scale assessment of contaminated and potentially impacted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Kavehei
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, Australia.
| | - Damian B Gore
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, Australia
| | - Anthony A Chariton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, Australia
| | - Grant C Hose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, Australia
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10
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Freitas YDGC, Ramos BRD, da Silva YG, Sampaio GS, Nascimento LDS, Branco CWC, Miranda VBDS. Testate amoebae: a review on their multiple uses as bioindicators. ACTA PROTOZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.4467/16890027ap.22.001.15671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Testate amoebae (TA) are unicellular protozoans enclosed in a test capable of indicating a wide variety of environmental conditions. Among others, characteristics such as short life cycle, great sensitivity and worldwide distribution makes them adequate bioindicators. As a complement to physical and chemical measurements, biomonitoring can be a cheaper and fastest way of environmental monitoring. This research sought to evaluate the extent of TA use in biomonitoring and the responses given by them to environmental features. The research was conducted in Scielo, Science Direct, Online Library, Google Scholar and Capes Journal Portal and yielded 211 papers. TA bioindication is able to provide information on metal, trace element and atmospheric pollution, and to point out different trophic states, pH, and evidence on characteristics of hydrology. Further, TA can be used in paleoenvironmental reconstruction as they reflect climate, volcanic and even sea level change phenomena. Sometimes, together with other organisms in environmental analysis, they have shown to be an important complement to biomonitoring. Additionally, a functional traits approach has been recently included as a promising tool. Methodological adjustments that have been conducted throughout the years are allowing TA use to be more reliable and precise. This review provides insight on the many possible functions of TA in bioindication studies, highlighting their wide use as bioindicators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yemna Gomes da Silva
- Neotropical Limnology Group, Department of Zoology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro
| | - Gabriela Silva Sampaio
- Neotropical Limnology Group, Department of Zoology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro
| | - Letícia da Silva Nascimento
- Neotropical Limnology Group, Department of Zoology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro; Intitute of Biological Sciences, Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro
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11
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Arcellinida testate amoebae as climate miner's canaries in Southern Spain. Eur J Protistol 2021; 81:125828. [PMID: 34487957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Southern Spain is currently under threat of desertification as a consequence of global climate change, which pressures on fragile ecosystems such as caves. The organisms living in these extremely stable environments are particularly sensitive and prone to extinction, therefore they can be used as bioindicators for climate change. Cyanobacterial mats form peculiar and vulnerable micro-ecosystems at the entrance of caves and house a diversity of protists. Amongst them, Arcellinida testate amoebae have been traditionally used as bioindicators for environmental quality, notably because their narrow ecological tolerance and their key ecological position as top predators of the microbial foodwebs. We report here two new species of Arcellinida found in the cyanobacterial mats of cave Hundidero, in Sierra de Grazalema, Malaga province, whose traits suggest a narrow tolerance for changes in humidity. We provide a formal description for Difflugia alhadiqa sp. nov. and Heleopera baetica sp. nov. based on morphometrics and 18S rRNA gene data, and propose using the presence of these species to indicate the good health of the cyanobacterial mats, like miner's canaries for local climate.
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12
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Ndayishimiye JC, Lin T, Nyirabuhoro P, Zhang G, Zhang W, Mazei Y, Ganjidoust H, Yang J. Decade-scale change in testate amoebae community primarily driven by anthropogenic disturbance than natural change in a large subtropical reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147026. [PMID: 33894610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the extent of human activities leading to an influx of chemical pollutants that cause substantial environmental transformations is the focus of much ongoing research. In this study, we present a multi-proxy record based on a sediment core from a large subtropical reservoir (Xinfengjiang Reservoir) in south China with an emphasis on the changes in testate amoebae community, in combination with sedimentological (radioactivity, physicochemistry, nutrient and organochlorine pesticides) and climatological (air temperature and precipitation) data over the last three decades. Twenty-seven testate amoebae species belonging to seven genera (Arcella, Centropyxis, Cyclopyxis, Difflugia, Netzelia, Euglypha and Pseudodifflugia) were observed. Species richness, abundance and biomass of testate amoebae were in ranges of 18-26 species, 616-825 ind. ml-1 and 9.0-19.4 μg C ml-1, respectively. Two development stages of the reservoir, dated to 1978-1993 (stage 1) and 1993-2006 (stage 2), were distinguished based on testate amoebae communities. Stage 1 was characterized by elevated dry bulk density, carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio and p,p'-DDE in the sediment core and an impact of nitrogen and sulfur deficiency on testate amoebae. Stage 2 was marked by a decrease of dry bulk density, elevated concentrations of aluminum, iron and carbon, low carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio and organochlorine pesticides, fluctuations in rainfall on shorter and yearly timescales, and a stronger influence of the organochlorine pesticides on testate amoebae. Testate amoebae community change and the identified two-stage development were consistent with atmospheric deposition of organochlorine pesticides from anthropogenic sources inside and outside the reservoir watershed, nutrient influx and sediment physicochemistry. The testate amoebae community dynamics and a strong community-environment relationship in stage 2 were linked with non-random patterns in the biotic neighborhoods of species (deterministic processes). The results suggest a stronger impact of anthropogenic disturbance than natural environmental change on testate amoebae community variation of Xinfengjiang Reservoir over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Ndayishimiye
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Pascaline Nyirabuhoro
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuri Mazei
- M V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russsian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Ave. 33, Moscow 117071, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, International University Park Road 1, Dayun New Town, Longgang District, Shenzhen 517182, China
| | - Hossein Ganjidoust
- Environmental Engineering Division, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 14115-397, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jun Yang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Qin Y, Puppe D, Zhang L, Sun R, Li P, Xie S. How Does Sphagnum Growing Affect Testate Amoeba Communities and Corresponding Protozoic Si Pools? Results from Field Analyses in SW China. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:459-469. [PMID: 33442762 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The policy and practice of ecological restoration and conservation in China obtained some remarkable results. For example, Sphagnum moss growing on abandoned farmland, which was peatland before agricultural use, has rapidly expanded the wetland area in SW China. Microorganisms such as testate amoebae are sensitive to environmental change and thus have been widely used as ecological indicators in various habitats. We analyzed differently aged Sphagnum growing plots on a Sphagnum growing farmland and natural Sphagnum plots in SW China to examine how Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoeba communities and corresponding protozoic silicon (Si) pools respond to ecological restoration practice. We found that abundance, taxon richness, and diversity of testate amoebae were higher in Sphagnum growing farmland plots compared to natural Sphagnum plots. Protozoic Si pools showed an increase with Sphagnum growing time representing increased Si accumulation by idiosomic testate amoeba shells. However, protozoic Si pools were negatively correlated with taxon richness and diversity of testate amoebae. Our results showed that (i) natural Sphagnum plots were not characterized by the expected higher biodiversity of testate amoebae compared to Sphagnum growing plots and (ii) consequently protozoic Si pool quantity in natural Sphagnum plots was less driven by biodiversity of testate amoebae than expected. We concluded our results to underline the value of (i) environmental restoration policy in general and (ii) testate amoeba communities and corresponding protozoic Si pools for Si cycling in restoration areas of peatlands in particular. Based on our results, we recommend a sustainable cultivation of Sphagnum moss and an additional establishment of protected areas, where no Sphagnum harvesting occurs. These protected Sphagnum areas might represent hot spots of undisturbed testate amoeba communities and corresponding protozoic Si pools and thus of microbial Si cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Daniel Puppe
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pengde Li
- Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shucheng Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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14
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Ndayishimiye JC, Nyirabuhoro P, Wang Q, Yang X, Yang J. Effects of natural and anthropogenic changes on testate amoebae communities in an alpine lake over the past 2500 years. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137684. [PMID: 32182458 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Deep high-altitude mountain lakes can act as a natural laboratory, and have the potential to contribute ecological data for understanding the way natural climate and anthropogenic changes that can affect the ecosystems. We present a multi-proxy record from a sediment core from such a lake (Lake Lugu) in southwest China with emphasis on the changes in the testate amoebae community, along with sedimentological data (magnetic susceptibility, total organic carbon/TOC and total nitrogen/TN) over the last 2500 years. In total, 29 testate amoebae species belonging to eight genera (Arcella, Centropyxis, Cyphoderia, Difflugia, Netzelia, Phryganella, Pseudodifflugia and Zivkovicia) were identified. Three stages were clearly defined for the lake based on testate amoebae community. The first stage dated to about 500 BCE-800 CE, with the testate amoebae community dominated by Centropyxis and influenced by soil erosion. The second stage (about 800-1920 CE) was characterized by a gradual increase of TOC and TN and an abrupt shift from Centropyxis-dominated to Difflugia-dominated communities. The third stage (about 1920-2010 CE) showed the pronounced impact of environmental change, high proliferation of Difflugia and a strong influence of human activities. Our results suggest that the testate amoebae assemblages in this high-altitude mountain lake are sensitive paleoenvironmental indicators that can help to monitor alpine lake ecosystem change and model lake succession under changing climate and environment. The potential causes of changes in the testate amoebae species composition and three stages of Lake Lugu succession were soil erosion and pollutants. The soil erosion led to the inwash of terrestrial particles and few testate amoebae species into Lake Lugu showing the importance of stochastic processes. The nutrient enrichment from soil erosion generated disturbances in the environment and species competition that led to the proliferation of some species and disappearance of others through niche based deterministic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Ndayishimiye
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pascaline Nyirabuhoro
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Djemiel C, Plassard D, Terrat S, Crouzet O, Sauze J, Mondy S, Nowak V, Wingate L, Ogée J, Maron PA. µgreen-db: a reference database for the 23S rRNA gene of eukaryotic plastids and cyanobacteria. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5915. [PMID: 32246067 PMCID: PMC7125122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the ecology of photosynthetic microeukaryotes and prokaryotic cyanobacterial communities requires molecular tools to complement morphological observations. These tools rely on specific genetic markers and require the development of specialised databases to achieve taxonomic assignment. We set up a reference database, called µgreen-db, for the 23S rRNA gene. The sequences were retrieved from generalist (NCBI, SILVA) or Comparative RNA Web (CRW) databases, in addition to a more original approach involving recursive BLAST searches to obtain the best possible sequence recovery. At present, µgreen-db includes 2,326 23S rRNA sequences belonging to both eukaryotes and prokaryotes encompassing 442 unique genera and 736 species of photosynthetic microeukaryotes, cyanobacteria and non-vascular land plants based on the NCBI and AlgaeBase taxonomy. When PR2/SILVA taxonomy is used instead, µgreen-db contains 2,217 sequences (399 unique genera and 696 unique species). Using µgreen-db, we were able to assign 96% of the sequences of the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene obtained by metabarcoding after amplification from soil DNA at the genus level, highlighting good coverage of the database. µgreen-db is accessible at http://microgreen-23sdatabase.ea.inra.fr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Djemiel
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Sébastien Terrat
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Crouzet
- Univ. Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, INRA, F-78206, Versailles, France
| | - Joana Sauze
- INRA, Bordeaux Science Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Samuel Mondy
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Virginie Nowak
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Lisa Wingate
- INRA, Bordeaux Science Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jérôme Ogée
- INRA, Bordeaux Science Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre-Alain Maron
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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