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Zhao B, Yuan A, Cao S, Dong Z, Sha H, Song Z. Advancing two-stage hydrogen production from corn stover via dark fermentation: Contributions of thermally modified maifanite to microbial proliferation and pH self-regulation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 403:130853. [PMID: 38759895 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a two-stage hydrogen production enhancement mechanism using natural particle additives, with a focus on the effects of thermally modified maifanite (TMM) and pH self-regulation on dark fermentation (DF). Initial single-factor experiments identified preliminary parameters for the addition of TMM, which were further optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The established optimal conditions which include mass of 5.5 g, particle size of 120 mesh, and temperature of 324 °C, resulted in a 28.7 % increase in cumulative hydrogen yield (CHY). During the primary hydrogen production stage, TMM significantly boosted the growth and activity of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, enhancing hydrogen output. Additionally, a pH self-regulating phenomenon was observed, capable of initiating secondary hydrogen production and further augmenting CHY. These findings presented a novel and efficient approach for optimizing biohydrogen production, offering significant implications for future research and application in sustainable energy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China.
| | - Ankai Yuan
- School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Shengxian Cao
- School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Hao Sha
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Zijian Song
- School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
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Jannat MAH, Park SH, Hwang S. Modeling interactions of Clostridium cadaveris and Clostridium sporogenes in anaerobic acidogenesis of glucose and peptone. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130099. [PMID: 38013037 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on developing a mathematical model to assess interaction among acidogenic bacteria during the anaerobic degradation of two substrates. Clostridium cadaveris and Clostridium sporogenes were cultured in various combinations with glucose and peptone. Parameter estimates are given for both conventional Monod parameters from single substrate-single species cultures and sum kinetics with interaction parameters obtained from dual substrate-single species cultures. The presence of multiple substrates led to both inhibitory and enhancing effects on biodegradation rates for dual substrates compared to single substrate cultures. A new model of interspecies interaction was developed within the framework of Lotka-Volterra incorporating substrate interaction parameters, with a focus on accuracy, realism, simplicity, and biological significance. The model demonstrated competitive interaction for resource sharing and the additional non-linearity parameter eliminated the constraint of the linear relationship between growth rate and population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Hanifa Jannat
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
| | - Sang Hyeok Park
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea; Yonsei University Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I-CREATE), 85, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
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Khurana H, Sharma M, Bharti M, Singh DN, Negi RK. Gut milieu shapes the bacterial communities of invasive silver carp. Genomics 2021; 113:815-826. [PMID: 33508444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silver carp is an invasive fish present in the Gobindsagar reservoir, India and has a profound impact on aquaculture. Understanding taxonomic diversity and functional attributes of gut microbiota will provide insights into the important role of bacteria in metabolism of silver carp that facilitated invasion of this exotic species. Microbial composition in foregut, midgut, hindgut and water samples was analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The bacterial communities of water samples were distinct from gut microbiota, and unique microbial assemblages were present in different regions of gut depicting profound impact of gut environment on microflora. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phyla across all samples. Ecological network analysis showed dominance of competitive interactions within posteriors region of the gut, promoting niche specialization. Predictive functional profiling revealed the microbiota specialized in digestive functions in different regions of the gut, which also reflects the dietary profile of silver carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Khurana
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Meghali Bharti
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | | | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Koo T, Jannat MAH, Hwang S. Biokinetics of protein degrading Clostridium cadaveris and Clostridium sporogenes in batch and continuous mode of operations. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:533-539. [PMID: 31986562 PMCID: PMC9728166 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1908.08054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was applied to estimate biokinetic coefficients of Clostridium cadaveris and Clostridium sporogenes, which utilize protein as carbon source. Experimental data of changes in peptone concentration and 16S rRNA gene copy numbers of C. cadaveris and C. sporogenes were fitted to model. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta approximation with non-linear least squared analysis was employed to solve the ordinary differential equations to estimate biokinetic coefficients. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax), half saturation concentration (Ks), growth yield (Y), and decay coefficient (Kd) of C. cadaveris and C.sporogenes were 0.73 ± 0.05 and 1.35 ± 0.32 h-1, 6.07 ± 1.52 and 5.67 ± 1.53 g/L, 2.25 ± 0.75 × 1010 and 7.92 ± 3.71 × 109 copies/g, 0.002 ± 0.003 and 0.002 ± 0.001 h-1, respectively. The theoretical specific growth rate of C. sporogenes always exceeded than that of C. cadaveris at peptone concentration higher than 3.62 g/L. When the influent peptone concentration was 5.0 g/L, the concentration of C.cadaveris gradually decreased to the steady value of 2.9 × 1010 copies/mL at 4 hours HRT, which indicates 67.1% of the initial population reduction, but the wash out occurred at 1.9 and 3.2 hours HRTs. The 16S rRNA gene copy numbers of C. sporogenes gradually decreased to steady values ranging from 1.1 × 1010 to 2.9 × 1010 copies/mL. C. sporogenes species was predicted to wash out at an HRT of 1.6 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewoan Koo
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Abu Hanifa Jannat
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-54-279-2282 Fax: +82-54-279-8299 E-mail:
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Wang B, Sun Z, Yu Z. Pectin Degradation is an Important Determinant for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation through the Rescheduling of the Bacterial Community. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E488. [PMID: 32235428 PMCID: PMC7232347 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the four kinds of additives on the silage quality and the relevant bacterial community diversity by Illumina HiSeq 16S rRNA sequencing. The four kinds of additives were Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), organic acids including gallic acid (GA) and phenyllactic acid (PA), pectin (PEC), and enzymes including pectinase (PEE) and cellulase (CE). After 30 d of fermentation, the pH value was shown to have the lowest value in the PEE and PEC groups, followed by the PA group, and then in CE and GA groups; the highest value of pH was found in both LP and control groups. The ammonia nitrogen concentration was lower in the PEE group compared to the other groups except for the PA group. In the comparisons among the seven groups, Lactobacillus was higher in the LP group, Paracoccus was higher in the GA group, Weissella was higher in the PA group, Leuconostoc was higher in the PEC group, Bacillus, Aeromonas, and Curvibacter were higher in the PEE group, and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG_002 was higher in the CE group compared to the other groups. This study proposed that the addition of PEC and PEE improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage compared to other additives by improving the bacterial community of Leuconostoc, and Bacillus and Aeromonas, respectively. Moreover, the enhanced fermentation quality of alfalfa silage by the supplementation of PEC and PEE might be attributed to other unclassified genera. This study provides an implication that pectin degradation is an important determinant for alfalfa silage fermentation through the rescheduling of bacterial community diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhu Yu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Das BK, Roy S, Dev S, Das D, Bhattacharya J. Improvement of the degradation of sulfate rich wastewater using sweetmeat waste (SMW) as nutrient supplement. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 300:796-807. [PMID: 26322967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
External dosing of sweetmeat waste (SMW) dosing into exhausted upflow packed bed bioreactor (PBR) resulted in prompt reactivation of SO4(2-) removal. Different SMW concentrations in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD)/SO4(2-) ratios (1, 2, 4 and 8) were introduced into four identical PBR where process stability was found within 3 weeks of operation. SO4(2-) removal was proportional to COD/SO4(2-) ratios up to 4 at which maximum sulfate removal (99%) was achieved at a rate of 607 mg/d. The value of COD consumption:SO4(2-)removal was much higher at ratio 4 than 8 whereas, ratio 2 was preferred over all. Net effluent acetate concentration profile and total microbial population attached to the reactor matrices were corresponding to COD/SO4(2-) ratio as 4>8>2>>1. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) population was found to be inversely proportional to COD/SO4(2-) ratio in which acetate oxidizing SRB and fermentative bacteria were the dominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidus Kanti Das
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Shantonu Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Subhabrata Dev
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Debabrata Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharya
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Cho K, Nguyen DX, Lee S, Hwang S. Use of real-time QPCR in biokinetics and modeling of two different ammonia-oxidizing bacteria growing simultaneously. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:1015-22. [PMID: 23832436 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was used to evaluate biokinetic coefficients of Nitrosomonas nitrosa and N. cryotolerans clusters growing simultaneously in a batch mode of ammonia oxidation. The mathematical models based on Monod equation were employed to describe the competitive relationship between these clusters and were fitted to experimental data to obtain biokinetic values. The maximum growth rates (μ(m)), half-saturation coefficients (K(S)), microbial yields (Y) and decay coefficients (k(d)) of N. nitrosa and N. cryotolerans were 1.77 and 1.21 day(-1), 23.25 and 23.06 mg N·L(-1), 16 × 10(8) and 1 × 10(8) copies·mg N(-1), 0.26 and 0.20 day(-1), respectively. The estimated coefficients were applied for modeling continuous operations at various hydraulic retention times (HRTs) with an influent ammonia concentration of 300 mg N·L(-1). Modeling results revealed that ammonia oxidation efficiencies were achieved 55-98 % at 0.8-10 days HRTs and that the system was predicted to be washed out at HRT of 0.7 days. Overall, use of QPCR for estimating biokinetic coefficients of the two AOB cluster growing simultaneously by use of ammonia were successful. This idea may open a new direction towards biokinetics of ammonia oxidation in which respirometry tests are usually employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjin Cho
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Cho KJ, Han G, Lee C, Hwang S. Effects of temperature and pH on the biokinetic properties of thiocyanate biodegradation under autotrophic conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:251-258. [PMID: 23137831 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous effects of temperature and pH on the biokinetic properties of thiocyanate biodegradation under mixed-culture, autotrophic conditions were investigated using response surface analysis (RSA) combined with biokinetic modeling. A partial cubic model, based on substrate inhibition biokinetics, was constructed for each kinetic coefficient in Andrew model (i.e., maximum specific growth rate (μ(m)), saturation coefficient (K(S)), and substrate inhibition coefficient (K(SI))). Each model proved statistically reliable to approximate the responses of the kinetic coefficients to temperature and pH changes (r(2) > 0.8, p < 0.05). The response surface plots demonstrated that the biokinetic coefficients change with respect to temperature and pH significantly and in different ways. The model response surfaces were substantially different to each other, indicating distinct correlations between the independent (temperature and pH) and dependent (model response) variables in the models. Based on the estimated response surface models, temperature was shown to have significant effects on all biokinetic coefficients tested. A dominant influence of temperature on μ(m) response was observed while the interdependence of temperature and pH was apparent in the K(S) and K(SI) models. Specific growth rate (μ) versus substrate (i.e., thiocyanate) concentration plots simulating using the obtained response surface models confirmed the significant effects of temperature and pH on the microbial growth rate and therefore on the thiocyanate degradation rate. Overall, the response surface models able to describe the biokinetic effects of temperature and pH on thiocyanate biodegradation within the explored region (20-30 °C and pH 6.0-9.0) were successfully constructed and validated, providing fundamental information for better process control in thiocyanate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaai Kim
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
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Kumar H, Pandey PK, Doiphode VV, Vir S, Bhutani KK, Patole MS, Shouche YS. Microbial community structure at different fermentation stages of kutajarista, a herbal formulation. Indian J Microbiol 2012; 53:11-7. [PMID: 24426073 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-012-0325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kutajarista is an Ayurvedic fermented herbal formulation prescribed for gastrointestinal disorders. This herbal formulation undergoes a gradual fermentative process and takes around 2 months for production. In this study, microbial composition at initial stages of fermentation of Kutajarista was assessed by culture independent 16S rRNA gene clone library approach. Physicochemical changes were also compared at these stages of fermentation. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, and its derivatives were the major chemical constituents recovered in this process. At 0 day of fermentation, Lactobacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp., Alcaligenes sp., and Methylobacterium sp. were recovered, but were not detected at 8 day of fermentation. Initially, microbial diversity increased after 8 days of fermentation with 11 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which further decreased to 3 OTUs at 30 day of fermentation. Aeromonas sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Klebsiella sp. dominated till 30 day of fermentation. Predominance of γ- Proteobacteria and presence of gallolyl derivatives at the saturation stage of fermentation implies tannin degrading potential of these microbes. This is the first study to highlight the microbial role in an Ayurvedic herbal product fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Kumar
- Laboratory No. 3, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Prashant Kumar Pandey
- Laboratory No. 3, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007 India
| | - V V Doiphode
- Department of Ayurvedic Medicine, University of Pune, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Sanjay Vir
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062 India
| | - K K Bhutani
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062 India
| | - M S Patole
- Laboratory No. 3, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Y S Shouche
- Laboratory No. 3, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007 India
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van Kessel MAHJ, Dutilh BE, Neveling K, Kwint MP, Veltman JA, Flik G, Jetten MSM, Klaren PHM, Op den Camp HJM. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons to study the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). AMB Express 2011; 1:41. [PMID: 22093413 PMCID: PMC3226434 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-1-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbes in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are of high importance for the health of the host. In this study, Roche 454 pyrosequencing was applied to a pooled set of different 16S rRNA gene amplicons obtained from GI content of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to make an inventory of the diversity of the microbiota in the GI tract. Compared to other studies, our culture-independent investigation reveals an impressive diversity of the microbial flora of the carp GI tract. The major group of obtained sequences belonged to the phylum Fusobacteria. Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes and Gammaproteobacteria were other well represented groups of micro-organisms. Verrucomicrobiae, Clostridia and Bacilli (the latter two belonging to the phylum Firmicutes) had fewer representatives among the analyzed sequences. Many of these bacteria might be of high physiological relevance for carp as these groups have been implicated in vitamin production, nitrogen cycling and (cellulose) fermentation.
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