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DeCola AC, Toppen LC, Brown KP, Dadkhah A, Rizzo DM, Ziels RM, Scarborough MJ. Microbiome assembly and stability during start-up of a full-scale, two-phase anaerobic digester fed cow manure and mixed organic feedstocks. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130247. [PMID: 38158092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Carbon transformations during anaerobic digestion are mediated by complex microbiomes, but their assembly is poorly understood, especially in full-scale digesters. Gene-centric metagenomics combining functional and taxonomic classification was performed for an on-farm digester during start-up. Cow manure and organic waste pre-treated in a hydrolysis tank were fed to the methane-producing digester and the volatile solids loading rate was slowly increased from 0 to 3.5 kg volatile solids m-3 d-1 over one year. The microbial community in the anaerobic digester exhibited a high ratio of archaea, which were dominated by hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Bacteria in the anaerobic digester had a high abundance of genes for ferredoxin cycling, H2 generation, and more metabolically complex fermentations than in the hydrolysis tank. In total, the results show that a functionally stable microbiome was achieved quickly during start-up and that the microbiome created in the low-pH hydrolysis tank did not persist in the downstream anaerobic digester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C DeCola
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Lucinda C Toppen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kennedy P Brown
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ali Dadkhah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Donna M Rizzo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ryan M Ziels
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Matthew J Scarborough
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
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2
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Liu R, Xia L, Liu M, Gao Z, Feng J, You H, Qu W, Xing T, Wang J, Zhao Y. Influence of the carbon source concentration on the nitrate removal rate in groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3355-3365. [PMID: 33886439 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1921053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At present, groundwater nitrate pollution in China is serious. The use of microorganisms for biological denitrification has been widely applied, and it is a universal and efficient in situ groundwater remediation technique, but this approach is influenced by many factors. In this study, glucose was adopted as the carbon source, four different concentrations of 0, 2, 5 and 10 g/L were considered, and natural groundwater with a nitrate concentration of 300.8 mg/L was employed as the experimental solution. The effect of the carbon source concentration on the nitrate removal rate in groundwater was examined through heterotrophic anaerobic denitrification experiments. The results showed that the nitrate removal rate could be improved by the addition of an external carbon source in the process of biological denitrification, and an optimal concentration was observed. At a glucose concentration of 2 g/L, the denitrification effect was the best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruinan Liu
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xia
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxi Liu
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongjun Gao
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichi You
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanlong Qu
- Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Geology and Underground Space Resources, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongju Xing
- Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Geology and Underground Space Resources, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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3
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Zhou F, Wang N, Zhang J, Yao X, Zhang T, Zhang X, Zhan L, Li J. Formulation of substrates with agricultural and forestry wastes for Camellia oleifera Abel seedling cultivation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265979. [PMID: 35849579 PMCID: PMC9292103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Five Camellia oleifera Abel seedling substrates were prepared using the conventional formula, but with the peat substituted by the composts of Camellia oleifera shell, pine chips, palm fiber residues, chicken manure, and sheep manure. The physical and chemical properties of the prepared substrates before and after seedling cultivation were determined and their effects on the growth of Camellia oleifera seedling were analyzed. It was found that the survival rates of the one-year-old seedlings produced from stem cuttings on all substrates at 6 months were greater than 97.5%. As compared with the conventional substrate, the substrates formulated with the composts were able to promote the seedling growth based upon height, ground diameter, root length and root volume measurement. The substrate prepared with the compost of Camellia oleifera shell+ palm fiber residue+ chicken manure (A3), vermiculite and perlite (6:3:1) was the most optimal, which gave 100% seedling survival rate, the greatest seedling height, and the largest ground diameter. In particular, the ground diameters and 26.67% of the seedling heights reached the grade 1 standard for two-year-old seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nianjin Wang
- Chun ’an County Forestry Bureau, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Fuyang District Environmental Protection Bureau, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyan Zhan
- Taihu County Huayuan Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co. LTD, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Jieman Li
- Taihu County Huayuan Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co. LTD, Anqing, Anhui, China
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Chai J, Gong W, Bai J, Ju Z, Zhao G. Dry matter recovery, ensiling characteristics and aerobic stability of oat silage treated with microbial inoculants at different temperatures. Arch Anim Nutr 2022; 76:175-190. [PMID: 36661072 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2022.2155392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of temperature and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants on oat silage in Loess Plateau of China, oat was harvested at dough stage, inoculated without (Control) or with LAB inoculants Synlac I (SLI, Lactobacillus plantarum and Pedioccocus acidilactici) and a selected strain HT1 (L. rhamnosus) and ensiled at 25°C (T25), 35°C (T35) and 45°C (T45). The fermentation quality was measured after 60 d of ensiling and the aerobic exposure was conducted at 30°C for 9 d. The results showed that control silage (stored at 25°C) had better fermentation quality than that ensiled at 35°C or 45°C. High temperature of 45°C resulted in sharp decreases in LAB counts and lactic acid concentration and increases in pH and NH3-N concentration in the control group. Inoculation improved the fermentation quality, and HT1 was more effective than SLI at 35°C and 45°C, while SLI showed better performance at 25°C. All silages displayed mild fluctuation for all treatments at the first 3 d of aerobic exposure, and significant differences were observed among treatments after that. Both control and inoculated silages stored at 25°C showed a sharp pH increase, while HT1 treated silages stored at 35°C and 45°C maintained stable pH and better fermentation quality during the aerobic exposure. In conclusion, SLI was suitable for oat silage fermentation at normal atmospheric temperature (25°C), while HT1 was more effective in improving DM recovery, fermentation quality and aerobic stability of oat silage at high temperature during summer in the Loess Plateau of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikuan Chai
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Gong
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeliang Ju
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guiqin Zhao
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Storage Temperature Is More Effective Than Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculations in Manipulating Fermentation and Bacterial Community Diversity, Co-Occurrence and Functionality of the Whole-Plant Corn Silage. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0010122. [PMID: 35343767 PMCID: PMC9045155 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00101-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate effects of different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the fermentation process of whole-plant corn silage stored at different temperatures based on bacterial community successions, interaction networks, and predicted functions. Before ensiling, whole-plant corn was inoculated with L. plantarum (LP) or L. buchneri (LB) and the silage bags were stored at 20 or 30°C, and sampled after 0.5, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 60 d of ensiling. The higher abundances of Leuconostoc, Pedicoccus and Weissella were observed in silage stored at 30°C after 12 h of ensiling, thereby rapidly decreased pH to about 4.5. According to meta-network analysis, the bacterial communities were more sensitive to storage temperature than LAB inoculants during whole-plant corn ensiling. Species of Lactobacillus and Weissella were sensitive to 30°C, while Leuconostoc species were sensitive to 20°C in whole-plant corn silage. The storage temperature of 30°C decreased bacterial diversity and network complexity of whole-plant corn silage compared with 20°C. Additionally, LP inoculation changed the bacterial community successions during the early and middle ensiling periods, while LB inoculation affected bacterial community successions in the later stage of ensiling. The metabolic pathways of bacterial community were totally different in LB-inoculated silage from that in control and LP-inoculated silage. As the bacterial compositions became simple along with the ensiling process, the functional structure of bacterial community became simplified as well. In general, the storage temperature had a greater impact on the fermentation characteristics, bacterial community and predicted function of whole-plant corn silage compared with LAB inoculations. IMPORTANCE Increased understanding of effects of regulation measures on whole-plant corn silage is important from bacterial community succession, interaction network and predicted functions. According to alpha diversity and meta co-occurrence network, the bacterial communities were more sensitive to storage temperature than LAB inoculants during whole-plant corn ensiling. The storage temperature of 30°C decreased bacterial diversity and network complexity of whole-plant corn silage compared with 20°C. In addition, 30°C promoted the initiation of LP and LB inoculants, and 20°C was conducive to the long-term growth of LP and LB inoculants. According to the changes of bacterial community and predicated functions, it was further confirmed that the effect of LB inoculation was more obvious on whole-plant corn silage.
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Kennedy N, Lally RD, Walsh SW, Dowling DN, Ryan D. Effect of green waste and lime amendments on biostabilisation, physical-chemical and microbial properties of the composted fine fraction of residual municipal solid waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2021; 39:1069-1077. [PMID: 33666127 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x21996823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of guidelines to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) sent to landfill has created a need in the waste-management industry to investigate possible methods of accelerating biostabilisation of residual BMW. The effect of commercially feasible manipulations (lime and green waste (GW)) on the rate of biostabilisation of the fine (<20 mm) fraction of residual BMW was investigated. The physical and chemical attributes of the composted wastes were measured, and their bacterial communities profiled using traditional culture-based methods. In addition, ammonia-oxidising microbes were monitored during the biostabilisation process using molecular profiling methods. Addition of GW accelerated biostabilisation, reduced conductivity and increased the levels of ammonia-oxidising bacterial (AOB) and archaeal (AOA) genes. The best stability was noted in the dual (Lime + GW) treatment, which was under the limit of 13 mmol O2 kg DM-1 h-1 recommended by the Irish compost standard. Biostabilised wastes met recommendations for source-segregated compost for pH (6-8) and pathogens (E. coli and Salmonella), but not heavy metals, indicating their unsuitability for uses other than landfill cover. Levels of AOA genes (log 3-6 g-1 DM) were higher than AOB (log 1-6 g-1 DM, indicating AOA may contribute more to potential ammonia oxidation in residual BMW composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabla Kennedy
- Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland
| | - Richard D Lally
- Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland
- Alltech Bioscience, Dunboyne, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Siobhán W Walsh
- Department of Science, Eco-Innovation Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland
| | - David N Dowling
- Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland
| | - David Ryan
- Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland
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7
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Kitamura R, Kozaki T, Ishii K, Iigo M, Kurokura T, Yamane K, Maeda I, Iwabuchi K, Saito T. Utilizing Cattle Manure Compost Increases Ammonia Monooxygenase A Gene Expression and Ammonia-oxidizing Activity of Both Bacteria and Archaea in Biofiltration Media for Ammonia Deodorization. Microbes Environ 2021; 36. [PMID: 33907062 PMCID: PMC8209447 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me20148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malodorous emissions are a crucial and inevitable issue during the decomposition of biological waste and contain a high concentration of ammonia. Biofiltration technology is a feasible, low-cost, energy-saving method that reduces and eliminates malodors without environmental impact. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of compost from cattle manure and food waste as deodorizing media based on their removal of ammonia and the expression of ammonia-oxidizing genes, and identified the bacterial and archaeal communities in these media. Ammonia was removed by cattle manure compost, but not by food waste compost. The next-generation sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA obtained from cattle manure compost revealed the presence of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), including Cytophagia, Alphaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), such as Thaumarchaeota. In cattle manure compost, the bacterial and archaeal ammonia monooxygenase A (amoA) genes were both up-regulated after exposure to ammonia (fold ratio of 14.2±11.8 after/before), and the bacterial and archaeal communities were more homologous after than before exposure to ammonia, which indicates the adaptation of these communities to ammonia. These results suggest the potential of cattle manure compost as an efficient biological deodorization medium due to the activation of ammonia-oxidizing microbes, such as AOB and AOA, and the up-regulation of their amoA genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Kitamura
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University
| | - Toshinori Kozaki
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | | | - Masayuki Iigo
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
| | - Takeshi Kurokura
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
| | - Kenji Yamane
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
| | - Isamu Maeda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
| | - Kazunori Iwabuchi
- Department of Bioresource and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
| | - Takahiro Saito
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
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8
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Zhang J, Ying Y, Li X, Yao X. Physical and chemical properties of Camellia oleifera shell composts with different additives and its maturity evaluation system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:35294-35302. [PMID: 32592059 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09861-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different additives on the compost of Camellia oleifera shell were characterized and a maturity evaluation system for the obtained compost was established. Four treatments were designed as C. oleifera shell with C. oleifera seed meal (A1), with C. oleifera seed cake (A2), with sheep manure (A3), and with spent mushroom substrate (A4). A3 had the longest thermophilic phase (over 50 °C) and shortest cooling phase. Compared with A1, the thermophilic phase of A2 was postponed 11 days due to the high lipid content, but terminated almost at the same time. The temperature of A4 increased slowly and took longer time to reach ambient. C/N, pH, E4/E6, and NH4+-N decreased along with composting process, while TN, GI, and NO3--N were opposite. Based on the Pearson correlation analysis with the Solvita maturity index as a reference, the result indicated that TN, C/N, GI, NH4+-N, and pH can be used for the maturity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yue Ying
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuebin Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
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Ren H, Feng Y, Pei J, Li J, Wang Z, Fu S, Zheng Y, Li Z, Peng Z. Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum additive and temperature on the ensiling quality and microbial community dynamics of cauliflower leaf silages. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 307:123238. [PMID: 32247271 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to enable rapid disposal and proper preservation of discarded vegetable for waste valorization, ensiling was employed to preserve cauliflower leaves for 30 days at different temperatures (20 ~ 45 °C) with and without the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum L8. The L. plantarum inoculant reduced dry matter (DM) loss and enhanced the preservation of protein and soluble carbohydrate while decreasing pH and ammonia nitrogen content. The silages at 35 °C exhibited the best fermentation profile characterized by the highest lactic acid content (185 g·kg-1 DM) and the lowest pH (4.08) and ammonia nitrogen content (37.6 g·kg-1 total nitrogen) with L. plantarum inoculation. The presence of exogenous L. plantarum improved the silage fermentation, enriched Lactobacillus and Weissella, and reduced the microbial richness/diversity, resulting in efficient lactic acid fermentation, especially at 30 and 35 °C. Moreover, the microbial community dynamics was correlated with the chemical compositions and fermentation metabolites in silages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Ren
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Complementary Energy System of Biomass and Solar Energy, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730050, PR China
| | - Yinping Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Complementary Energy System of Biomass and Solar Energy, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730050, PR China
| | - Jiawen Pei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Complementary Energy System of Biomass and Solar Energy, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730050, PR China
| | - Jinping Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Complementary Energy System of Biomass and Solar Energy, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730050, PR China
| | - Zhiye Wang
- Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, 229 South Dingxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, PR China
| | - Shanfei Fu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, 101C BIVAP, 1980 Kimball Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| | - Zhizhong Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Complementary Energy System of Biomass and Solar Energy, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730050, PR China
| | - Zhangpu Peng
- Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, 229 South Dingxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 73000, PR China
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He X, Ji G. Responses of AOA and AOB activity and DNA/cDNA community structure to allylthiourea exposure in the water level fluctuation zone soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15233-15244. [PMID: 32072408 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation is mainly performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Allylthiourea (ATU) has been found to specifically inhibit ammonia oxidation. However, the effect of ATU on AOA and AOB transcription has been infrequently studied. In the present study, we examined the responses of AOA and AOB activity and DNA/cDNA community structure to ATU exposure. The ammonia oxidation activity in the 100-mg/L ATU group was 4.3% of that in the control group after 7 days. When exposed to ATU, the gene abundance of AOA was favored compared with that of AOB, and there were no statistically significant differences in the abundance of AOB amoA in DNA and cDNA between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the gene abundance of AOA significantly increased by 5.23 times, while the transcription of AOA significantly decreased by 0.70 times. Moreover, the transcriptional ratio of AOA in the ATU group was only 0.05 times as high as that in the control group. ATU selectively affected AOB and completely inhibited Nitrosomonas europaea and Bacterium amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur at the genetic level. Under ATU exposure, all AOA clusters were transcribed, but three AOB clusters were not transcribed. Our results indicated that the ammonia oxidation potential of the soil of water level fluctuation areas, based on ATU inhibition, was associated mainly with AOA amoA gene abundance and AOB community shifts in DNA and cDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun He
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guodong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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11
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Fan H, Wu S, Woodley J, Zhuang G, Bai Z, Xu S, Wang X, Zhuang X. Effective removal of antibiotic resistance genes and potential links with archaeal communities during vacuum-type composting and positive-pressure composting. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 89:277-286. [PMID: 31892399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a major reservoir of antibiotics, animal manure contributes a lot to the augmented environmental pressure of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This might be the first study to explore the effects of different ventilation types on the control of ARGs and to identify the relationships between archaeal communities and ARGs during the composting of dairy manure. Several ARGs were quantified via Real-time qPCR and microbial communities including bacteria and archaea were analyzed by High-throughput sequencing during vacuum-type composting (VTC) and positive-pressure composting (PPC). The total detected ARGs and class I integrase gene (intI1) under VTC were significantly lower than that under PPC during each stage of the composting (p<0.001). The relative abundance of potential human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) which were identified based on sequencing information and correlation analysis decreased by 74.6% and 91.4% at the end of PPC and VTC, respectively. The composition of archaeal communities indicated that methane-producing archaea including Methanobrevibacter, Methanocorpusculum and Methanosphaera were dominant throughout the composting. Redundancy analysis suggested that Methanobrevibacter and Methanocorpusculum were positively correlated with all of the detected ARGs. Network analysis determined that the possible hosts of ARGs were different under VTC and PPC, and provided new sights about potential links between archaea and ARGs. Our results showed better performance of VTC in reducing ARGs and potential HPB and demonstrated that some archaea could also be influential hosts of ARGs, and caution the risks of archaea carrying ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - John Woodley
- Center for Process Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Guoqiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shengjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Xuliang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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Tu R, Jin W, Han SF, Zhou X, Wang T, Gao SH, Wang Q, Chen C, Xie GJ, Wang Q. Rapid enrichment and ammonia oxidation performance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea from an urban polluted river of China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113258. [PMID: 31669955 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation is the rate-limiting step in nitrification process and dominated by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). In the present study, a highly enriched culture of AOA was obtained from urban polluted water in Shahe River, Shenzhen, China. The optimum growth conditions were identified by orthogonal analysis as 37 °C, with pH 7.0 and initial ammonia concentration of 1.0 mM. Under these conditions, the highest abundance of AOA was obtained as 4.6 × 107 copies/ng DNA. Growth of AOA in polluted river water showed significant reduction in ammonia concentration in AOA-enriched cultures without antibiotics after 10 days of incubation, while synchronous increase in nitrate concentration was up to 12.7 mg/L. However, AOA-enriched by antibiotic showed insignificant changes in ammonia or nitrite concentration. This study showed that AOB play an important role in ammonia oxidation of polluted river water, and AOA alone showed insignificant changes in ammonia or nitrite concentrations. Therefore, the ammonia oxidation performance of natural water could not be improved by adding high concentration AOA bacterial liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Tu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbiao Jin
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Song-Fang Han
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Tianqiang Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Hong Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Guo-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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13
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Cai Y, He Y, He K, Gao H, Ren M, Qu G. Degradation mechanism of lignocellulose in dairy cattle manure with the addition of calcium oxide and superphosphate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33683-33693. [PMID: 31595408 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose and lignin belongs to refractory organic matters in the traditional composting. In this research, the degradation of lignocellulose in dairy cattle manure was investigated through adding calcium oxide (CaO) and superphosphate (SSP). In the presence of CaO and SSP, the degradation rate of cellulose and lignin were improved by 25.0% and 8.33%, respectively. The results indicated that the pH value in system would be slightly higher with the addition of CaO and SSP. Besides, the pH value of all cow manure piles were about 8.4 after composting rotten, which could be well neutralized by the gradually acidified soil in the southwest of China with the full effect of fertilizer released. In addition, the abundance of Bacillales, Actinomycetes, and Thermoactinomycetaceae in the experimental groups (AR) was slightly better than that in the control groups (CK) during composting, which led to a conclusion that an elaborate physical-chemical-multivariate aerobic microorganism evolution model of cellulose degradation products (PCMC) was deduced and the physical-chemical-multivariate aerobic microorganism model of lignin cycle degradation (PCML) was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Cai
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanhua He
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Kang He
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Haijun Gao
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Meijie Ren
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangfei Qu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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14
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Meyer S, Thiel V, Joergensen RG, Sundrum A. Relationships between feeding and microbial faeces indices in dairy cows at different milk yield levels. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221266. [PMID: 31430322 PMCID: PMC6701754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was carried out to gain quantitative information on the diet-dependent faecal microbial biomass of dairy cows, especially on the biomass fractions of fungi, Gram-positive (G+) and Gram-negative (G-) bacteria. Groups of high-yield, low-yield and non-lactating cows were investigated at four different farms. A mean faecal microbial biomass C (MBC) concentration of 33.5 mg g-1 DM was obtained by the chloroform fumigation extraction method. This is similar to a mean microbial C concentration of 31.8 mg g-1 DM, which is the sum of bacterial C and fungal C, estimated by cell-wall derived muramic acid (MurN) and fungal glucosamine (GlcN), respectively. However, the response of these two approaches to the feeding regime was contradictory, due to feeding effects on the conversion values. The higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) concentrations in the non-lactating group led to higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of cellulose and lignin in their faeces in comparison with the lactating cows. This change in faecal chemical composition in the non-lactating group was accompanied by usually higher ratios of G+/G- phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), ergosterol/MBC and fungal C/bacterial C. Although bacteria dominate the faecal microbial biomass, fungi contribute a considerable mean percentage of roughly 20% to the faecal microbiome, according to PLFA and amino sugar data, which requires more attention in the future. Near-infra red spectroscopic estimates of organic N and C fractions of cow faeces were able to model microbial biomarkers successfully, which might be useful in the future to predict its N2O emission potential and fertilizer value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Meyer
- Animal Nutrition and Animal Health, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
- Soil Biology and Plant Nutrition, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Volker Thiel
- Geobiology Group, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Albert Sundrum
- Animal Nutrition and Animal Health, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
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15
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Nozhevnikova AN, Mironov VV, Botchkova EA, Litti YV, Russkova YI. Composition of a Microbial Community at Different Stages of Composting and the Prospects for Compost Production from Municipal Organic Waste (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683819030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Restoration of Long-Term Monoculture Degraded Tea Orchard by Green and Goat Manures Applications System. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11041011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tea is an economic shrubby plant in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. To obtain high yield in tea cultivation, chemical fertilizer application rates have generally been used. However, a large quantity of chemical fertilizer application in a long-term continuously ratooned and monoculture tea orchard can inevitably lead to soil acidification and a decline in fertility. Therefore, the restoration of soil fertility and the sustainable development of tea planting by organic ways are critical for the tea industry. In this study, field trials were conducted in the tea orchard that was continuously ratooned and mono-cultured for 20 years. Nitrogen fertilizer (NF), Laredo soybeans green manure (LF), and goat manure (GM) treatments were applied to restore optimum acidity, soil fertility, microbial activity, and the community structure of a long-term continuously monoculture tea orchard. This paper investigated that the pH value was increased from 4.23 to 4.32 in GM and LF, respectively. Similarly, the content of exchangeable acidity (EA) was decreased by 1.21 and 1.46 cmol·kg−1 in GM and LF, respectively. Available nutrient results indicated that the content of NH4+-N was increased by 3.96, 4.38, NO3−-N by 1.07, 2.16, AP by 3.46, 6.86, AK by 0.26, 0.3 mg kg−1 in GM and LF treatments, respectively. Enzyme analysis revealed that the activity of urease and sucrase was promoted by 7.98 mg·g−1·24 h−1 and 6.77 mg·g−1·24 h−1, respectively, in LF treatment. Likewise, the activity of acid phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase was sharply increased by 2.3 mg·g−1 h−1 and 63.07 mg·g−1 h−1 in LF treatments. Additionally, the activity of urease, sucrase, acidic phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase were also significantly increased by applying GM treatments. Meanwhile, LF and GM treatments significantly improved soil microbial biomass as well as low weight organic acid content in degraded tea rhizosphere. Furthermore, high throughput sequence results illustrated that the relative abundance of Rhizobiaceae and Bradyrhizobiaceae families increased in LF and GM treatments, respectively, which are mostly a kind of nitrogen fixer and plant growth promoting bacteria. Taken together, the physiological traits of the new sprouts and the biochemical components of new tea leaves were also significantly improved by GM and LF treatments. From this study, it is concluded that LF and GM are good agriculture management practices, which promote plant growth, yield, and nutrient availability by maintaining and improving pH, enhancing available nutrients status, improving the secretion of low molecular weight organic acids, and balancing the microbial community structure in the long-term mono-cultured tea orchard.
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17
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Microbial Community Dynamics During the Composting Process of Animal Manure as Analyzed by Molecular Biological Methods. ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10777-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Pang L, Ge L, Yang P, He H, Zhang H. Degradation of organophosphate esters in sewage sludge: Effects of aerobic/anaerobic treatments and bacterial community compositions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:16-21. [PMID: 29414162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the degradation of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in sewage sludge with aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion was investigated. The total concentrations of six OPEs (ΣOPEs) in the whole treatment process reduced in the order of anaerobic digestion combined with pig manure (T3) > aerobic composting combined with pig manure (T1) > aerobic composting (T2) > anaerobic digestion (T4). The addition of pig manure significantly enhanced the removal rate of OPEs in both aerobic and anaerobic treatments. The abundance and diversity of bacterial community reduced after the treatment process. Shannon index, principal component analysis, network analysis, and heat map further confirmed the variation of bacterial community compositions among different treatments. Five genera (i.e., Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Alcaligene, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus megaterium) might be responsible for the degradation of OPE compounds in sewage sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Pang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liming Ge
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijie Yang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Han He
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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19
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Guo L, Okamoto A. Fluorescence-switching RNA for detection of bacterial ribosomes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:9406-9409. [PMID: 28765840 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04818a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient chemical system that allows quantification of bacterial ribosomes by fluorescence-based analysis. The key component in the system is the exciton-controlled fluorescent RNA aptamer, which recognizes neomycin B. The intensity of fluorescence from such a ribosome-sensing system increased drastically in the presence of Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Guo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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20
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Cáceres R, Malińska K, Marfà O. Nitrification within composting: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 72:119-137. [PMID: 29153903 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Composting could be regarded as a process of processes because it entails a number of complex chemical and microbiological reactions and transformations. Nitrification is one of such processes that normally takes place during the curing phase. This process has been studied in detail for wastewater treatment, and it is becoming an extensively studied topic within composting. In the past, nitrate presence in compost has been clearly perceived as a maturation indicator; however, nowadays, nitrate formation is also conceived as a way of conserving nitrogen in compost. Nitrification is a process closely linked to other processes such as ammonification and the possible loss of ammonia (NH3). Nitrification is defined as conversion of the most reduced form of nitrogen (NH3) to its most oxidized form (i.e. nitrate) and it is performed in two steps which are carried out by two different groups of microorganisms: the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria or archaea (AOB/AOA) and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The objectives of this review are: a) to gather relevant information on nitrification, which can specifically occur during composting, b) to outline ultimate findings described by the literature in order to increase the understanding and the application of nitrification within composting, and c) to outline future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Cáceres
- GIRO Unit, Institute of Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Krystyna Malińska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Brzeźnicka 60A, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Oriol Marfà
- GIRO Unit, Institute of Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Huhe, Jiang C, Wu Y, Cheng Y. Bacterial and fungal communities and contribution of physicochemical factors during cattle farm waste composting. Microbiologyopen 2017; 6. [PMID: 28736905 PMCID: PMC5727367 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During composting, the composition of microbial communities is subject to constant change owing to interactions with fluctuating physicochemical parameters. This study explored the changes in bacterial and fungal communities during cattle farm waste composting and aimed to identify and prioritize the contributing physicochemical factors. Microbial community compositions were determined by high‐throughput sequencing. While the predominant phyla in the bacterial and fungal communities were largely consistent during the composting, differences in relative abundances were observed. Bacterial and fungal community diversity and relative abundance varied significantly, and inversely, over time. Relationships between physicochemical factors and microbial community compositions were evaluated by redundancy analysis. The variation in bacterial community composition was significantly related to water‐soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and pile temperature and moisture (p < .05), while the largest portions of variation in fungal community composition were explained by pile temperature, WSOC, and C/N (p < .05). These findings indicated that those parameters are the most likely ones to influence, or be influenced by the bacterial and fungal communities. Variation partitioning analyses indicated that WSOC and pile temperature had predominant effects on bacterial and fungal community composition, respectively. Our findings will be useful for improving the quality of cattle farm waste composts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huhe
- Soil Fertilizer and Water-Saving Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Ministry of Agriculture in Gansu Province Cultivated Land Conservation and Agricultural Environmental Science Observation Experiment Stations, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanpei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yunxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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22
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Mattei P, Pastorelli R, Rami G, Mocali S, Giagnoni L, Gonnelli C, Renella G. Evaluation of dredged sediment co-composted with green waste as plant growing media assessed by eco-toxicological tests, plant growth and microbial community structure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 333:144-153. [PMID: 28349867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dredged sediments have currently no broad reuse options as compared to other wastes due to their peculiar physico-chemical properties, posing problems for the management of the large volumes of sediments dredged worldwide. In this study we evaluated the performance of sediment (S) co-composted with green waste (GW) as growing medium for ornamental plants. Analysis of the microbial community structure, eco-toxicological tests, were conducted on sediments at 1:1 and 3:1S:GW composting ratios. Sediment-based growing media were then reused to growth the ornamental plant Photina x fraseri in a pilot-scale experiment and plants' physiological and chemical parameters were measured. The results showed that co-composting with green waste increased the diversity of bacteria, fungi and archaea as compared to the untreated sediments, and that both the 1:1 and 3:1 S:GW composted sediments had no substantial eco-toxicological impacts, allowing an excellent plant growth. We concluded that co-composted of sediment with green waste produce a growing medium with suitable properties for growing ornamental plants, and represent a sustainable option for beneficial use of dredged sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mattei
- DiSPAA-Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy.
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- CREA ABP-Agrobiology and Pedology Research Centre, Piazza M. D'Azeglio 30, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rami
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Micheli 1, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Mocali
- CREA ABP-Agrobiology and Pedology Research Centre, Piazza M. D'Azeglio 30, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Giagnoni
- DiSPAA-Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Gonnelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Micheli 1, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- DiSPAA-Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
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23
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Wu S, He H, Inthapanya X, Yang C, Lu L, Zeng G, Han Z. Role of biochar on composting of organic wastes and remediation of contaminated soils-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:16560-16577. [PMID: 28551738 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is produced by pyrolysis of biomass residues under limited oxygen conditions. In recent years, biochar as an amendment has received increasing attention on composting and soil remediation, due to its unique properties such as chemical recalcitrance, high porosity and sorption capacity, and large surface area. This paper provides an overview on the impact of biochar on the chemical characteristics (greenhouse gas emissions, nitrogen loss, decomposition and humification of organic matter) and microbial community structure during composting of organic wastes. This review also discusses the use of biochar for remediation of soils contaminated with organic pollutants and heavy metals as well as related mechanisms. Besides its aging, the effects of biochar on the environment fate and efficacy of pesticides deserve special attention. Moreover, the combined application of biochar and compost affects synergistically on soil remediation and plant growth. Future research needs are identified to ensure a wide application of biochar in composting and soil remediation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xayanto Inthapanya
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
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24
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Voběrková S, Vaverková MD, Burešová A, Adamcová D, Vršanská M, Kynický J, Brtnický M, Adam V. Effect of inoculation with white-rot fungi and fungal consortium on the composting efficiency of municipal solid waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 61:157-164. [PMID: 28065548 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An investigation was carried out on the effect of inoculation methods on the compost of an organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Three types of white-rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor and Fomes fomentarius), and a consortium of these fungi, were used. The study assessed their influence on microbial enzymatic activities and the quality of the finished compost. It was found that the addition of white-rot fungi to municipal solid waste (after 37days of composting) could be a useful strategy for enhancing the properties of the final compost product. In comparison with the control sample (compost without inoculation), it accelerates degradation of solid waste as indicated by changes in C/N, electrical conductivity and pH. However, the effectiveness of waste degradation and compost maturation depends on the type of microorganism used for inoculation. The presence of inoculants, such as Trametes versicolor and Fomes fomentarius, led to a higher degrading ratio and a better degree of maturity. This resulted in an increase of enzymatic activities (especially dehydrogenase and protease) and a germination index in comparison with inoculation using Phanerochaete chrysosporium or a consortium of fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Voběrková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena D Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Burešová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vršanská
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Kynický
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Brtnický
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
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Huang K, Xia H, Cui G, Li F. Effects of earthworms on nitrification and ammonia oxidizers in vermicomposting systems for recycling of fruit and vegetable wastes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 578:337-345. [PMID: 27842968 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although it is known that earthworms enrich the nitrate content in their final products, the detailed mechanisms behind this are not well understood, and this is important for determining the agricultural value of vermicomposting. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of earthworms on ammonia oxidization and to clarify the functions of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea (AOB and AOA) during vermicomposting of fruit and vegetable wastes (FVWs). For this, two dry systems using dry FVWs and a fresh system using fresh FVWs were adopted and compared during 60days of vermicomposting. Each system included two treatments, with earthworms and without earthworms. The results revealed that vermicomposting could facilitate the stabilization of FVWs, forming high value-added products. Based on the results of fluorescent excitation-emission matrix analysis, humification indices of the dry and fresh vermicomposts were 4.0 and 4.2, respectively. Moreover, compared to the minus net nitrification rates in groups without worm treatment, the net nitrification rates of 17.5mgN/kg/d and 9.3mgN/g/d, respectively, were found in dry and fresh vermicomposting systems, indicating that earthworms could significantly accelerate the nitrification process. Compost treated with earthworms exhibited elevated numbers of ammonia oxidizers (AOA and AOB) and greater community diversity in final products, compared to the counterparts without earthworms. Final vermicompost products were abundant in the AOB members of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira along with AOA groups including Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota. By contrast, AOA were the dominate members completing ammonia oxidization during vermicomposting of dry and fresh FVWs. This study suggests that earthworms facilitate the ammonia oxidization process by promoting both numbers and diversity of AOA and AOB during vermicomposting of FVWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Guangyu Cui
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Fusheng Li
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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26
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Goux X, Calusinska M, Fossépré M, Benizri E, Delfosse P. Start-up phase of an anaerobic full-scale farm reactor - Appearance of mesophilic anaerobic conditions and establishment of the methanogenic microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 212:217-226. [PMID: 27099947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate how the microbial community structure establishes during the start-up phase of a full-scale farm anaerobic reactor inoculated with stale and cold cattle slurry. The 16S/18S high-throughput amplicon sequencing results showed an increase of the bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic diversity, evenness and richness during the settlement of the mesophilic anaerobic conditions. When a steady performing digestion process was reached, the microbial diversity, evenness and richness decreased, indicating the establishment of a few dominant microbial populations, best adapted to biogas production. Interestingly, among the environmental parameters, the temperature, alkalinity, free-NH3, total solids and O2 content were found to be the main drivers of microbial dynamics. Interactions between eukaryotes, characterized by a high number of unknown organisms, and the bacterial and archaeal communities were also evidenced, suggesting that eukaryotes might play important roles in the anaerobic digestion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Goux
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1120, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Magdalena Calusinska
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Marie Fossépré
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Emile Benizri
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1120, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Delfosse
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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A robust nitrifying community in a bioreactor at 50 °C opens up the path for thermophilic nitrogen removal. ISME JOURNAL 2016; 10:2293-303. [PMID: 26894446 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2016.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The increasing production of nitrogen-containing fertilizers is crucial to meet the global food demand, yet high losses of reactive nitrogen associated with the food production/consumption chain progressively deteriorate the natural environment. Currently, mesophilic nitrogen-removing microbes eliminate nitrogen from wastewaters. Although thermophilic nitrifiers have been separately enriched from natural environments, no bioreactors are described that couple these processes for the treatment of nitrogen in hot wastewaters. Samples from composting facilities were used as inoculum for the batch-wise enrichment of thermophilic nitrifiers (350 days). Subsequently, the enrichments were transferred to a bioreactor to obtain a stable, high-rate nitrifying process (560 days). The community contained up to 17% ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOAs) closely related to 'Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis', and 25% nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOBs) related to Nitrospira calida. Incorporation of (13)C-derived bicarbonate into the respective characteristic membrane lipids during nitrification supported their activity as autotrophs. Specific activities up to 198±10 and 894±81 mg N g(-1) VSS per day for AOAs and NOBs were measured, where NOBs were 33% more sensitive to free ammonia. The NOBs were extremely sensitive to free nitrous acid, whereas the AOAs could only be inhibited by high nitrite concentrations, independent of the free nitrous acid concentration. The observed difference in product/substrate inhibition could facilitate the development of NOB inhibition strategies to achieve more cost-effective processes such as deammonification. This study describes the enrichment of autotrophic thermophilic nitrifiers from a nutrient-rich environment and the successful operation of a thermophilic nitrifying bioreactor for the first time, facilitating opportunities for thermophilic nitrogen removal biotechnology.
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28
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Gan XH, Zhang FQ, Gu JD, Guo YD, Li ZQ, Zhang WQ, Xu XY, Zhou Y, Wen XY, Xie GG, Wang YF. Differential distribution patterns of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in acidic soils of Nanling National Nature Reserve forests in subtropical China. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 109:237-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Chroňáková A, Schloter-Hai B, Radl V, Endesfelder D, Quince C, Elhottová D, Šimek M, Schloter M. Response of Archaeal and Bacterial Soil Communities to Changes Associated with Outdoor Cattle Overwintering. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135627. [PMID: 26274496 PMCID: PMC4537298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Archaea and bacteria are important drivers for nutrient transformations in soils and catalyse the production and consumption of important greenhouse gases. In this study, we investigate changes in archaeal and bacterial communities of four Czech grassland soils affected by outdoor cattle husbandry. Two show short-term (3 years; STI) and long-term impact (17 years; LTI), one is regenerating from cattle impact (REG) and a control is unaffected by cattle (CON). Cattle manure (CMN), the source of allochthonous microbes, was collected from the same area. We used pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes to assess the composition of archaeal and bacterial communities in each soil type and CMN. Both short- and long- term cattle impact negatively altered archaeal and bacterial diversity, leading to increase of homogenization of microbial communities in overwintering soils over time. Moreover, strong shifts in the prokaryotic communities were observed in response to cattle overwintering, with the greatest impact on archaea. Oligotrophic and acidophilic microorganisms (e.g. Thaumarchaeota, Acidobacteria, and α-Proteobacteria) dominated in CON and expressed strong negative response to increased pH, total C and N. Whereas copiotrophic and alkalophilic microbes (e.g. methanogenic Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes) were common in LTI showing opposite trends. Crenarchaeota were also found in LTI, though their trophic interactions remain cryptic. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Methanobacteriaceae, and Methanomicrobiaceae indicated the introduction and establishment of faecal microbes into the impacted soils, while Chloroflexi and Methanosarcinaceae suggested increased abundance of soil-borne microbes under altered environmental conditions. The observed changes in prokaryotic community composition may have driven corresponding changes in soil functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alica Chroňáková
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i.—Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Brigitte Schloter-Hai
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Viviane Radl
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David Endesfelder
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit for Scientific Computing, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Quince
- University of Glasgow, Department of Civil Engineering, Glasgow, Lanark, United Kingdom
| | - Dana Elhottová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i.—Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Šimek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i.—Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Schloter
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
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Moset V, Poulsen M, Wahid R, Højberg O, Møller HB. Mesophilic versus thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure: methane productivity and microbial ecology. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:787-800. [PMID: 25737010 PMCID: PMC4554467 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, productivity and physicochemical and microbiological (454 sequencing) parameters, as well as environmental criteria, were investigated in anaerobic reactors to contribute to the ongoing debate about the optimal temperature range for treating animal manure, and expand the general knowledge on the relation between microbiological and physicochemical process indicators. For this purpose, two reactor sizes were used (10 m(3) and 16 l), in which two temperature conditions (35°C and 50°C) were tested. In addition, the effect of the hydraulic retention time was evaluated (16 versus 20 days). Thermophilic anaerobic digestion showed higher organic matter degradation (especially fiber), higher pH and higher methane (CH₄) yield, as well as better percentage of ultimate CH₄ yield retrieved and lower residual CH₄ emission, when compared with mesophilic conditions. In addition, lower microbial diversity was found in the thermophilic reactors, especially for Bacteria, where a clear intensification towards Clostridia class members was evident. Independent of temperature, some similarities were found in digestates when comparing with animal manure, including low volatile fatty acids concentrations and a high fraction of Euryarchaeota in the total microbial community, in which members of Methanosarcinales dominated for both temperature conditions; these indicators could be considered a sign of process stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Moset
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Morten Poulsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Radziah Wahid
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Ole Højberg
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bjarne Møller
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
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31
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Yan L, Li Z, Bao J, Wang G, Wang C, Wang W. Diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea during composting of municipal sludge. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-1012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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32
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Ordaz A, López JC, Figueroa-González I, Muñoz R, Quijano G. Assessment of methane biodegradation kinetics in two-phase partitioning bioreactors by pulse respirometry. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 67:46-54. [PMID: 25261627 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological methane biodegradation is a promising treatment alternative when the methane produced in waste management facilities cannot be used for energy generation. Two-phase partitioning bioreactors (TPPBs), provided with a non-aqueous phase (NAP) with high affinity for the target pollutant, are particularly suitable for the treatment of poorly water-soluble compounds such as methane. Nevertheless, little is known about the influence of the presence of the NAP on the resulting biodegradation kinetics in TPPBs. In this study, an experimental framework based on the in situ pulse respirometry technique was developed to assess the impact of NAP addition on the methane biodegradation kinetics using Methylosinus sporium as a model methane-degrading microorganism. A comprehensive mass transfer characterization was performed in order to avoid mass transfer limiting scenarios and ensure a correct kinetic parameter characterization. The presence of the NAP mediated significant changes in the apparent kinetic parameters of M. sporium during methane biodegradation, with variations of 60, 120, and 150% in the maximum oxygen uptake rate, half-saturation constant and maximum specific growth rate, respectively, compared with the intrinsic kinetic parameters retrieved from a control without NAP. These significant changes in the kinetic parameters mediated by the NAP must be considered for the design, operation and modeling of TPPBs devoted to air pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ordaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Spain; Universidad Politécnica de Quintana Roo, Av. Tulum, Manzana 1 Lote 40, SM2, Cancún, Quintana Roo, CP 77500, Mexico
| | - Juan C López
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ivonne Figueroa-González
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl Muñoz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quijano
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Spain.
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33
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Zeng Y, Dabert P, Le Roux S, Mognol J, De Macedo FJ, De Guardia A. Impact of the addition of a nitrifying activated sludge on ammonia oxidation during composting of residual household wastes. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1674-88. [PMID: 25227990 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the nitrogen-microbial community dynamics during composting of a mixture of nitrifying waste activated sludge (WAS) and fine organic fraction of residual household waste (RHW). To examine whether the addition of nitrifying sludge could promote ammonia oxidation and reduce ammonia emissions. METHODS AND RESULTS The fine organic fraction of RHW was mixed with the WAS and homogenized. The mixture and each waste alone were loaded in aerobic cells under controlled conditions, respectively. Both nitrogen and microbial community dynamics were monitored during 50 days of composting. The ammonia oxidizers were quantified and identified in the sludge and compost. The changes in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) concentrations corresponded to the ammonia oxidation rates calculated from nitrogen balance. The addition of WAS did not efficiently reduce ammonia emissions because the Nitrosomonas oligotropha-like AOB introduced declined during the active stage of composting. Ammonia oxidation was probably limited by the intense heterotrophic activities at the active stage. Nitrosomonas europaea/eutropha and Nitrosomonas nitrosa-like AOB were established only during the maturation stage. They were the main contributors to ammonia oxidation during composting. CONCLUSIONS The mixing of nitrifying WAS with the RHW during the early stages of composting does not promote ammonia oxidation nor reduce ammonia emissions because of limiting biologic factors during the active stage of composting. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The mixing of activated sludge with RHW before composting is a common practice on composting plants. This study proved the limitation of this practice to reduce ammonia emissions during composting via bioaugmentation of ammonia-oxidizing organisms. It correlated successfully the ammonia oxidation rate with different groups of ammonia oxidizers and explains the fail of promoting ammonia oxidation during the early stages of composting. It suggests Nit. europaea/eutropha and Nit. nitrosa-like AOB were the main contributors to ammonia oxidation during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zeng
- Irstea, UR GERE, Rennes Cedex, France; Université Européenne de Bretagne, Rennes, France
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34
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Duan YF, Al-Soud W, Brejnrod A, Sørensen S, Elsgaard L, Petersen S, Boon N. Methanotrophs, methanogens and microbial community structure in livestock slurry surface crusts. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1066-78. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.-F. Duan
- Department of Agroecology; Aarhus University; Tjele Denmark
| | - W.A. Al-Soud
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Group; Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; København Ø Denmark
| | - A. Brejnrod
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Group; Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; København Ø Denmark
| | - S.J. Sørensen
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Group; Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; København Ø Denmark
| | - L. Elsgaard
- Department of Agroecology; Aarhus University; Tjele Denmark
| | - S.O. Petersen
- Department of Agroecology; Aarhus University; Tjele Denmark
| | - N. Boon
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology & Technology (LabMET); Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
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35
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Ziganshina EE, Bagmanova AR, Khilyas IV, Ziganshin AM. Assessment of a biogas-generating microbial community in a pilot-scale anaerobic reactor. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 117:730-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Li YF, Chen PH, Yu Z. Spatial and temporal variations of microbial community in a mixed plug-flow loop reactor fed with dairy manure. Microb Biotechnol 2014; 7:332-46. [PMID: 24690147 PMCID: PMC4241726 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed plug-flow loop reactor (MPFLR) has been widely adopted by the US dairy farms to convert cattle manure to biogas. However, the microbiome in MPFLR digesters remains unexplored. In this study, the microbiome in a MPFLR digester operated on a mega-dairy farm was examined thrice over a 2 month period. Within 23 days of retention time, 55-70% of total manure solid was digested. Except for a few minor volatile fatty acids (VFAs), total VFA concentration and pH remained similar along the course of the digester and over time. Metagenomic analysis showed that although with some temporal variations, the bacterial community was rather stable spatially in the digester. The methanogenic community was also stable both spatially and temporally in the digester. Among methanogens, genus Methanosaeta dominated in the digester. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis and metagenomic analysis yielded different relative abundance of individual genera of methanogens, especially for Methanobacterium, which was predominant based on qPCR analysis but undetectable by metagenomics. Collectively, the results showed that only small microbial and chemical gradients existed within the digester, and the digestion process occurred similarly throughout the MPFLR digester. The findings of this study may help improve the operation and design of this type of manure digesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Fen Li
- Environmental Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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37
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Franke-Whittle IH, Confalonieri A, Insam H, Schlegelmilch M, Körner I. Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 34:632-41. [PMID: 24456768 PMCID: PMC3969591 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a waste treatment method which is of increasing interest worldwide. At the end of the process, a digestate remains, which can gain added value by being composted. A study was conducted in order to investigate microbial community dynamics during the composting process of a mixture of anaerobic digestate (derived from the anaerobic digestion of municipal food waste), green wastes and a screened compost (green waste/kitchen waste compost), using the COMPOCHIP microarray. The composting process showed a typical temperature development, and the highest degradation rates occurred during the first 14 days of composting, as seen from the elevated CO2 content in the exhaust air. With an exception of elevated nitrite and nitrate levels in the day 34 samples, physical-chemical parameters for all compost samples collected during the 63 day process indicated typical composting conditions. The microbial communities changed over the 63 days of composting. According to principal component analysis of the COMPOCHIP microarray results, compost samples from the start of the experiment were found to cluster most closely with the digestate and screened compost samples. The green waste samples were found to group separately. All starting materials investigated were found to yield fewer and lower signals when compared to the samples collected during the composting experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid H Franke-Whittle
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | - Heribert Insam
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mirko Schlegelmilch
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioconversion and Emission Control Group, Eissendorfer Str. 42, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ina Körner
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioconversion and Emission Control Group, Eissendorfer Str. 42, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
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38
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Tsiknia M, Tzanakakis VA, Oikonomidis D, Paranychianakis NV, Nikolaidis NP. Effects of olive mill wastewater on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2739-49. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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39
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Luo YH, Wright ADG, Li YL, Li H, Yang QH, Luo LJ, Yang MX. Diversity of methanogens in the hindgut of captive white rhinoceroses, Ceratotherium simum. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:207. [PMID: 24228793 PMCID: PMC3846858 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The white rhinoceros is on the verge of extinction with less than 20,200 animals remaining in the wild. In order to better protect these endangered animals, it is necessary to better understand their digestive physiology and nutritional requirements. The gut microbiota is nutritionally important for herbivorous animals. However, little is known about the microbial diversity in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the white rhinoceros. Methanogen diversity in the GIT may be host species-specific and, or, function-dependent. To assess methanogen diversity in the hindgut of white rhinoceroses, an archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone library was constructed from pooled PCR products obtained from the feces of seven adult animals. RESULTS Sequence analysis of 153 archaeal 16S rRNA sequences revealed 47 unique phylotypes, which were assigned to seven operational taxonomic units (OTUs 1 to 7). Sequences assigned to OTU-7 (64 out of 153 total sequencs - 42%) and OTU-5 (18%, 27/153) had 96.2% and 95.5% identity to Methanocorpusculum labreanum, respectively, making Methanocorpusculum labreanum the predominant phylotype in these white rhynoceroses. Sequences belonging to OTU-6 (27%, 42/153) were related (97.6%) to Methanobrevibacter smithii. Only 4% of the total sequences (6/153) were assigned to Methanosphaera stadtmanae (OTU-1). Sequences belonging to OTU-2 (4%, 6/153), OTU-3 (3%, 5/153) and OTU-4 (2%, 3/153) were distantly related (87.5 to 88,4%) to Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis and were considered to be novel species or strains that have yet-to-be cultivated and characterized. CONCLUSION Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the methanogen species in the hindgut of white rhinoceroses were more similar to those in the hindgut of horses. Our findings may help develop studies on improving the digestibility of forage for sustainable management and better health of these endangered animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-heng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China and Ministry of Education; Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014, Ya'an, China.
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Yamada T, Araki S, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Okamura K, Hiraishi A, Ueda H, Ueda Y, Miyauchi K, Endo G. Community structure and population dynamics of ammonia oxidizers in composting processes of ammonia-rich livestock waste. Syst Appl Microbiol 2013; 36:359-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Daae FL, Økland I, Dahle H, Jørgensen SL, Thorseth IH, Pedersen RB. Microbial life associated with low-temperature alteration of ultramafic rocks in the Leka ophiolite complex. GEOBIOLOGY 2013; 11:318-339. [PMID: 23551703 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Water-rock interactions in ultramafic lithosphere generate reduced chemical species such as hydrogen that can fuel subsurface microbial communities. Sampling of this environment is expensive and technically demanding. However, highly accessible, uplifted oceanic lithospheres emplaced onto continental margins (ophiolites) are potential model systems for studies of the subsurface biosphere in ultramafic rocks. Here, we describe a microbiological investigation of partially serpentinized dunite from the Leka ophiolite (Norway). We analysed samples of mineral coatings on subsurface fracture surfaces from different depths (10-160 cm) and groundwater from a 50-m-deep borehole that penetrates several major fracture zones in the rock. The samples are suggested to represent subsurface habitats ranging from highly anaerobic to aerobic conditions. Water from a surface pond was analysed for comparison. To explore the microbial diversity and to make assessments about potential metabolisms, the samples were analysed by microscopy, construction of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene clone libraries, culturing and quantitative-PCR. Different microbial communities were observed in the groundwater, the fracture-coating material and the surface water, indicating that distinct microbial ecosystems exist in the rock. Close relatives of hydrogen-oxidizing Hydrogenophaga dominated (30% of the bacterial clones) in the oxic groundwater, indicating that microbial communities in ultramafic rocks at Leka could partially be driven by H2 produced by low-temperature water-rock reactions. Heterotrophic organisms, including close relatives of hydrocarbon degraders possibly feeding on products from Fischer-Tropsch-type reactions, dominated in the fracture-coating material. Putative hydrogen-, ammonia-, manganese- and iron-oxidizers were also detected in fracture coatings and the groundwater. The microbial communities reflect the existence of different subsurface redox conditions generated by differences in fracture size and distribution, and mixing of fluids. The particularly dense microbial communities in the shallow fracture coatings seem to be fuelled by both photosynthesis and oxidation of reduced chemical species produced by water-rock reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Daae
- Department of Biology, Centre for Geobiology, Bergen, Norway.
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Zeng Y, De Guardia A, Ziebal C, De Macedo FJ, Dabert P. Impact of biodegradation of organic matters on ammonia oxidation in compost. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 136:49-57. [PMID: 23563438 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification plays an important role in nitrogen turnover in composting process. It has been believed that nitrification occurs mainly during the maturation phase due to the elevated temperature during the active phase of composting. In this work, the intense biodegradation of organic matters is demonstrated to be another negative impact on the ammonia oxidation, the first step of nitrification. We investigated the ammonia oxidation in compost following organic matters addition at intermediate temperature. Different indicators of ammonia oxidation were studied, respectively. The accumulation of nitrite and nitrate was 10(2)-10(3) lower in composts with organic matters addition. The nitrous oxide emissions were absent or 40-fold inferior in these composts. The nitrogen mass balance indicated a less amount of oxidized ammonia after the addition. The ammonia-oxidizing bacteria declined following the organic matters addition. In contrast, the ammonia-oxidizing archaea were supported by the organic matters. Possible mechanisms of this impact were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zeng
- Irstea, UR GERE, 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes Cedex, France.
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Nitrogen cycling and relationships between ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in a clay-loam soil. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:5507-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4765-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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He Y, Xie K, Xu P, Huang X, Gu W, Zhang F, Tang S. Evolution of microbial community diversity and enzymatic activity during composting. Res Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Belyaeva ON, Haynes RJ, Sturm EC. Chemical, physical and microbial properties and microbial diversity in manufactured soils produced from co-composting green waste and biosolids. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2012; 32:2248-57. [PMID: 22770779 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of adding biosolids to a green waste feedstock (100% green waste, 25% v/v biosolids or 50% biosolids) on the properties of composted products were investigated. Following initial composting, 20% soil or 20% fly ash/river sand mix was added to the composts as would be carried out commercially to produce manufactured soil. Temperatures during composting reached 50 °C, or above, for 23 days when biosolids were included as a composting feedstock but temperatures barely reached 40 °C when green waste alone was composted. Addition of biosolids to the feedstock increased total N, EC, extractable NH(4), NO(3) and P but lowered pH, macroporosity, water holding capacity, microbial biomass C and basal respiration in composts. Additions of soil or ash/sand to the composts greatly increased the available water holding capacity of the materials. Principal component analysis (PCA) of PCR-DGGE 16S rDNA amplicons separated bacterial communities according to addition of soil to the compost. For fungal ITS-RNA amplicons, PCA separated communities based on the addition of biosolids. Bacterial species richness and Shannon's diversity index were greatest for composts where soil had been added but for fungal communities these parameters were greatest in the treatments where 50% biosolids had been included. These results were interpreted in relation to soil having an inoculation effect and biosolids having an acidifying effect thereby favouring a fungal community.
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Affiliation(s)
- O N Belyaeva
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences/CRC CARE, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Yamamoto N, Oishi R, Suyama Y, Tada C, Nakai Y. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria rather than ammonia-oxidizing archaea were widely distributed in animal manure composts from field-scale facilities. Microbes Environ 2012; 27:519-24. [PMID: 22972386 PMCID: PMC4103565 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) in cattle, swine, and chicken manure compost was analyzed. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that a Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis-like sequence dominated in cattle manure compost, while few AOA were detected in other composts. In the case of AOB, Nitrosomonas-like sequences were detected with higher diversity in cattle and swine manure composts. The relative abundance of ammonia oxidizers by real-time PCR revealed that more AOB was present in compost except in one swine manure compost. Our results indicated that AOB rather than AOA are widely distributed in animal manure compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Sustainable Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232–3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi 989–6711, Japan
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Xie K, Jia X, Xu P, Huang X, Gu W, Zhang F, Yang S, Tang S. Improved composting of poultry feces via supplementation with ammonia oxidizing archaea. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 120:70-77. [PMID: 22784955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) play an important role in the oxidation of ammonia. However, the participation of AOA in the composting process has not been established. The addition of AOA to a compost mix was able to speed up both the onset of the hyperthermic phase and the composting time. The composition of the microflora and the relative abundance were determined by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative real-time PCR, based on the presence of the archaeal amoA genes. The amplicon profiles allowed some of the major AOA species present in the final compost to be identified, and their relative abundance to be estimated from their amplification intensity. The lower pH during the lower temperature phase of compost served to enhance the nitrogen content of the final compost. The addition of AOA resulted in the expanding diversity of microflora species than that of the natural colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhi Xie
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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de Gannes V, Eudoxie G, Dyer DH, Hickey WJ. Diversity and abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea in tropical compost systems. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:244. [PMID: 22787457 PMCID: PMC3391690 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Composting is widely used to transform waste materials into valuable agricultural products. In the tropics, large quantities of agricultural wastes could be potentially useful in agriculture after composting. However, while microbiological processes of composts in general are well established, relatively little is known about microbial communities that may be unique to these in tropical systems, particularly nitrifiers. The recent discovery of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) has changed the paradigm of nitrification being initiated solely by ammonia oxidizing bacteria. In the present study, AOA abundance and diversity was examined in composts produced from combinations of plant waste materials common in tropical agriculture (rice straw, sugar cane bagasse, and coffee hulls), which were mixed with either cow- or sheep-manure. The objective was to determine how AOA abundance and diversity varied as a function of compost system and time, the latter being a contrast between the start of the compost process (mesophilic phase) and the finished product (mature phase). The results showed that AOA were relatively abundant in composts of tropical agricultural wastes, and significantly more so than were the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Furthermore, while the AOA communities in the composts were predominatly group I.1b, the communities were diverse and exhibited structures that diverged between compost types and phases. These patterns could be taken as indicators of the ecophysiological diversity in the soil AOA (group I.1b), in that significantly different AOA communties developed when exposed to varying physico-chemical environments. Nitrification patterns and levels differed in the composts which, for the mature material, could have significant effects on its performance as a plant growth medium. Thus, it will also be important to determine the association of AOA (and diversity in their communities) with nitrification in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya de Gannes
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Department of Food Production, The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Campus, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
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Impact of Phanerochaete chrysosporium inoculation on indigenous bacterial communities during agricultural waste composting. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:3159-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zeng Y, De Guardia A, Ziebal C, De Macedo FJ, Dabert P. Nitrification and microbiological evolution during aerobic treatment of municipal solid wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 110:144-152. [PMID: 22342082 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification is a key step in the nitrogen cycle in various ecosystems. In this study, the nitrogen dynamic and the evolution of groups of microorganisms were studied during aerobic treatment of fine organic fraction of municipal solid wastes. Mineralization of organic nitrogen exhibited two phases and resulted in two ammonia emissions peaks. The nitrogen balance indicated the onset of nitrification only during the maturation stage, which was confirmed by the accumulations of both nitrite and nitrate and the nitrous oxide emissions in this period. A significant development of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria correlated to the onset of nitrification. On the contrary, ammonia-oxidizing archaea were less abundant and declined through treatment. Identification of these ammonia oxidizers indicates that the Nitrosomonas europaea/eutropha-like ammonia oxidizing bacteria were responsible for ammonia oxidation instead of other groups of ammonia oxidizers during aerobic treatment of fine organic fraction of municipal solid wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zeng
- Irstea, UR GERE, 17 Avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes Cedex, France.
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