1
|
Samanides CG, Vyrides I. Effect of bicarbonate on hydrogen generation by Zero-Valent iron and its impact on generation of acetic acid by seven different inocula. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131004. [PMID: 38889870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the substantial role of bicarbonate within a zero-valent iron (ZVI) system in hydrogen evolution, demonstrating that heightened concentration levels notably enhance hydrogen output. The acetic acid performance production of seven different inocula was examined when exposed to ZVI and CO2 as the sole carbon source, separately. Along the seven inocula, river and constructed wetland sludges show the highest production rates at 300 mg/L day-1 and 269 mg/L day-1, respectively. Acetobacterium levels significantly rose in CO2-enriched environments, particularly in river and wetland sludges. Moreover, bacteria attached to ZVI showed accelerated hydrogen consumption and acetic acid production compared to their freely suspended or ZVI-detached counterparts when hydrogen was primarily added externally. This study highlighted the positive effect of high concentrations of soluble CO₂, which acted both as a reactant with ZVI for hydrogen production and as a substrate for homoacetogens, leading to high acetic acid generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charis G Samanides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Anexartisias Str., P.O. BOX 50329, 3603 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Vyrides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Anexartisias Str., P.O. BOX 50329, 3603 Limassol, Cyprus.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harahap BM, Ahring BK. Acetate Production from Syngas Produced from Lignocellulosic Biomass Materials along with Gaseous Fermentation of the Syngas: A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040995. [PMID: 37110418 PMCID: PMC10143712 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation of lignocellulose-derived synthetic gas (syngas) into acetic acid is a promising way of creating biochemicals from lignocellulosic waste materials. Acetic acid has a growing market with applications within food, plastics and for upgrading into a wide range of biofuels and bio-products. In this paper, we will review the microbial conversion of syngas to acetic acid. This will include the presentation of acetate-producing bacterial strains and their optimal fermentation conditions, such as pH, temperature, media composition, and syngas composition, to enhance acetate production. The influence of syngas impurities generated from lignocellulose gasification will further be covered along with the means to alleviate impurity problems through gas purification. The problem with mass transfer limitation of gaseous fermentation will further be discussed as well as ways to improve gas uptake during the fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Budi Mandra Harahap
- Bioproducts, Science, and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710, Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Washington State University, L. J. Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Birgitte K Ahring
- Bioproducts, Science, and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710, Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Washington State University, L. J. Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Wegner Hall, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ntagia E, Chatzigiannidou I, Carvajal-Arroyo JM, Arends JBA, Rabaey K. Continuous H 2/CO 2 fermentation for acetic acid production under transient and continuous sulfide inhibition. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131536. [PMID: 34273695 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Waste gas fermentation powered by renewable H2 is reaching kiloton scale. The presence of sulfide, inherent to many waste gases, can cause inhibition, requiring additional gas treatment. In this work, acetogenesis and methanogenesis inhibition by sulfide were studied in a 10-L mixed-culture fermenter, supplied with CO2 and connected with a water electrolysis unit for electricity-powered H2 supply. Three cycles of inhibition (1.3 mM total dissolved sulfide (TDS)) and recovery were applied, then the fermenter was operated at 0.5 mM TDS for 35 days. During operation at 0.5 mM TDS the acetate production rate reached 7.1 ± 1.5 mmol C L-1 d-1. Furthermore, 43.7 ± 15.6% of the electrons, provided as H2, were distributed to acetate and 7.7 ± 4.1% to butyrate, the second most abundant fermentation product. Selectivity of sulfide as inhibitor was demonstrated by a 7 days lag-phase of methanogenesis recovery, compared to 48 h for acetogenesis and by the less than 1% electrons distribution to CH4, under 0.5 mM TDS. The microbial community was dominated by Eubacterium, Proteiniphilum and an unclassified member of the Eggerthellaceae family. The taxonomic diversity of the community decreased and conversely the phenotypic diversity increased, during operation. This work illustrated the scale-up potential of waste gas fermentations, by elucidating the effect of sulfide as a common gas impurity, and by demonstrating continuous, potentially renewable supply of electrons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Ntagia
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; CAPTURE, www.capture-resources.be, Belgium
| | - Ioanna Chatzigiannidou
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jose M Carvajal-Arroyo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan B A Arends
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; CAPTURE, www.capture-resources.be, Belgium
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; CAPTURE, www.capture-resources.be, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Akkoyunlu B, Daly S, Casey E. Membrane bioreactors for the production of value-added products: Recent developments, challenges and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125793. [PMID: 34450442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential of membrane bioreactors to produce value-added products such as biofuels, biopolymers, proteins, organic acids and lipids at high productivities is emerging. Despite the promising results at laboratory scale, industrial deployment of this technology is hindered due to challenges associated with scale-up. This review aims to address these challenges and create a framework to encourage further research directed towards industrial application of membrane bioreactors to produce value-added products. This review describes the current state-of-the art in such bioreactor systems by exploiting membranes to increase the mass transfer rate of the limiting substrates, reach high cell concentrations and separate the inhibitory substances that may inhibit the bioconversion reaction. It also covers the current trends in commercialization, challenges linked with membrane usage, such as high costs and membrane fouling, and proposes possible future directions for the wider application of membrane bioreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Akkoyunlu
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sorcha Daly
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Casey
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Conversion of Carbon Monoxide to Chemicals Using Microbial Consortia. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 180:373-407. [PMID: 34811579 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Syngas, a gaseous mixture of CO, H2 and CO2, can be produced by gasification of carbon-containing materials, including organic waste materials or lignocellulosic biomass. The conversion of bio-based syngas to chemicals is foreseen as an important process in circular bioeconomy. Carbon monoxide is also produced as a waste gas in many industrial sectors (e.g., chemical, energy, steel). Often, the purity level of bio-based syngas and waste gases is low and/or the ratios of syngas components are not adequate for chemical conversion (e.g., by Fischer-Tropsch). Microbes are robust catalysts to transform impure syngas into a broad spectrum of products. Fermentation of CO-rich waste gases to ethanol has reached commercial scale (by axenic cultures of Clostridium species), but production of other chemical building blocks is underexplored. Currently, genetic engineering of carboxydotrophic acetogens is applied to increase the portfolio of products from syngas/CO, but the limited energy metabolism of these microbes limits product yields and applications (for example, only products requiring low levels of ATP for synthesis can be produced). An alternative approach is to explore microbial consortia, including open mixed cultures and synthetic co-cultures, to create a metabolic network based on CO conversion that can yield products such as medium-chain carboxylic acids, higher alcohols and other added-value chemicals.
Collapse
|
6
|
Elisiário MP, De Wever H, Van Hecke W, Noorman H, Straathof AJJ. Membrane bioreactors for syngas permeation and fermentation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:856-872. [PMID: 34525894 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1965952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Syngas fermentation to biofuels and chemicals is an emerging technology in the biobased economy. Mass transfer is usually limiting the syngas fermentation rate, due to the low aqueous solubilities of the gaseous substrates. Membrane bioreactors, as efficient gas-liquid contactors, are a promising configuration for overcoming this gas-to-liquid mass transfer limitation, so that sufficient productivity can be achieved. We summarize the published performances of these reactors. Moreover, we highlight numerous parameters settings that need to be used for the enhancement of membrane bioreactor performance. To facilitate this enhancement, we relate mass transfer and other performance indicators to the type of membrane material, module, and flow configuration. Hollow fiber modules with dense or asymmetric membranes on which biofilm might form seem suitable. A model-based approach is advocated to optimize their performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Elisiário
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen De Wever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Hecke
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Henk Noorman
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,DSM Biotechnology Center, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Adrie J J Straathof
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Calvo DC, Ontiveros-Valencia A, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Torres CI, Rittmann BE. Carboxylates and alcohols production in an autotrophic hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2338-2347. [PMID: 33675236 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological conversion of CO2 into biofuels and/or organic industrial feedstock is an excellent carbon-cycling strategy. Here, autotrophic anaerobic bacteria in the membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) transferred electrons from hydrogen gas (H2 ) to inorganic carbon (IC) and produced organic acids and alcohols. We systematically varied the H2 -delivery, the IC concentration, and the hydraulic retention time in the MBfR. The relative availability of H2 versus IC was the determining factor for enabling microbial chain elongation (MCE). When the H2 :IC mole ratio was high (>2.0 mol H2 /mol C), MCE was an important process, generating medium-chain carboxylates up to octanoate (C8, 9.1 ± 1.3 mM C and 28.1 ± 4.1 mmol C m-2 d-1 ). Conversely, products with two carbons were the only ones present when the H2 :IC ratio was low (<2.0 mol H2 /mol C), so that H2 was the limiting factor. The biofilm microbial community was enriched in phylotypes most similar to the well-known acetogen Acetobacterium for all conditions tested, but phylotypes closely related with families capable of MCE (e.g., Bacteroidales, Rhodocyclaceae, Alcaligenaceae, Thermoanaerobacteriales, and Erysipelotrichaceae) became important when the H2 :IC ratio was high. Thus, proper management of IC availability and H2 supply allowed control over community structure and function, reflected by the chain length of the carboxylates and alcohols produced in the MBfR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Calvo
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Design Annex, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Aura Ontiveros-Valencia
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Design Annex, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiome, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Cesar I Torres
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Design Annex, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fontmorin JM, Izadi P, Li D, Lim SS, Farooq S, Bilal SS, Cheng S, Yu EH. Gas diffusion electrodes modified with binary doped polyaniline for enhanced CO2 conversion during microbial electrosynthesis. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
9
|
Izadi P, Fontmorin JM, Lim SS, Head IM, Yu EH. Enhanced bio-production from CO 2 by microbial electrosynthesis (MES) with continuous operational mode. Faraday Discuss 2021; 230:344-359. [PMID: 34259692 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Technologies able to convert CO2 to various feedstocks for fuels and chemicals are emerging due to the urge of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and de-fossilizing chemical production. Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) has been shown a promising technique to synthesize organic products particularly acetate using microorganisms and electrons. However, the efficiency of the system is low. In this study, we demonstrated the simple yet efficient strategy in enhancing the efficiency of MES by applying continuous feeding regime. Compared to the fed-batch system, continuous operational mode provided better control of pH and constant medium refreshment, resulting in higher acetate production rate and more diverse bio-products, when the cathodic potential of -1.0 V Ag/AgCl and dissolved CO2 were provided. It was observed that hydraulic retention time (HRT) had a direct effect on the pattern of production, acetate production rate and coulombic efficiency. At HRT of 3 days, pH was around 5.2 and acetate was the dominant product with the highest production rate of 651.8 ± 214.2 ppm per day and a significant coulombic efficiency of 90%. However at the HRT of 7 days, pH was lower at around 4.5, and lower but stable acetate production rate of 280 ppm per day and a maximum coulombic efficiency of 80% was obtained. In addition, more diverse and longer chain products, such as butyrate, isovalerate and caproate, were detected with low concentrations only at the HRT of 7 days. Although microbial community analysis showed the change in the planktonic cells communities after switching the fed-batch mode to continuous feeding regime, Acetobacterium still remained as the responsible bacteria for CO2 reduction to acetate, dominating the cathodic biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Izadi
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Izadi P, Fontmorin JM, Godain A, Yu EH, Head IM. Parameters influencing the development of highly conductive and efficient biofilm during microbial electrosynthesis: the importance of applied potential and inorganic carbon source. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:40. [PMID: 33056998 PMCID: PMC7560852 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-020-00151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathode-driven applications of bio-electrochemical systems (BESs) have the potential to transform CO2 into value-added chemicals using microorganisms. However, their commercialisation is limited as biocathodes in BESs are characterised by slow start-up and low efficiency. Understanding biosynthesis pathways, electron transfer mechanisms and the effect of operational variables on microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is of fundamental importance to advance these applications of a system that has the capacity to convert CO2 to organics and is potentially sustainable. In this work, we demonstrate that cathodic potential and inorganic carbon source are keys for the development of a dense and conductive biofilm that ensures high efficiency in the overall system. Applying the cathodic potential of -1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl and providing only gaseous CO2 in our system, a dense biofilm dominated by Acetobacterium (ca. 50% of biofilm) was formed. The superior biofilm density was significantly correlated with a higher production yield of organic chemicals, particularly acetate. Together, a significant decrease in the H2 evolution overpotential (by 200 mV) and abundant nifH genes within the biofilm were observed. This can only be mechanistically explained if intracellular hydrogen production with direct electron uptake from the cathode via nitrogenase within bacterial cells is occurring in addition to the commonly observed extracellular H2 production. Indeed, the enzymatic activity within the biofilm accelerated the electron transfer. This was evidenced by an increase in the coulombic efficiency (ca. 69%) and a 10-fold decrease in the charge transfer resistance. This is the first report of such a significant decrease in the charge resistance via the development of a highly conductive biofilm during MES. The results highlight the fundamental importance of maintaining a highly active autotrophic Acetobacterium population through feeding CO2 in gaseous form, which its dominance in the biocathode leads to a higher efficiency of the system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Izadi
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Alexiane Godain
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eileen H Yu
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Ian M Head
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Biofilm reactors for value-added products production: An in-depth review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
12
|
Wang HJ, Dai K, Wang YQ, Wang HF, Zhang F, Zeng RJ. Mixed culture fermentation of synthesis gas in the microfiltration and ultrafiltration hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:650-656. [PMID: 30059945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pore sizes on the in-situ utilization of synthesis gas (syngas, H2 and CO) mixed culture fermentation (MCF) in the hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (HfMBR) are not clear. Thus, the ultrafiltration (R1) and microfiltration (R2) HfMBRs were constructed. Syngas was totally consumed within the formed biofilm in R1; contrarily, it accumulated notably in R2. In the batch mode of R1 and R2, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) of acetate, butyrate and caproate were the main metabolites, but the production rate of total VFA in R1 (61.9 mmol-C/(L·d)) was higher than that of R2 (27.6 mmol-C/(L·d)). In the continuous mode, the R1 performance was much better than that of R2, and the biofilm in R2 was even washed out. Furthermore, Clostridium (30.0%) was the main genus in the enriched biofilm of R1, which converted syngas to VFAs. Thus, the ultrafiltration membrane shall be the suitable candidate for syngas MCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Vocational and Technical College, Hefei, Anhui 230011, PR China
| | - Kun Dai
- Centre of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Yun-Qi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Hou-Feng Wang
- Centre of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Centre of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Centre of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Metabolic Interactions of a Chain Elongation Microbiome. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01614-18. [PMID: 30217839 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01614-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon chain elongation (CCE), a reaction within the carboxylate platform that elongates short-chain to medium-chain carboxylates by mixed culture, has attracted worldwide interest. The present study provides insights into the microbial diversity and predictive microbial metabolic pathways of a mixed-culture CCE microbiome on the basis of a comparative analysis of the metagenome and metatranscriptome. We found that the microbial structure of an acclimated chain elongation microbiome was a highly similar to that of the original inoculating biogas reactor culture; however, the metabolic activities were completely different, demonstrating the high stability of the microbial structure and flexibility of its functions. Additionally, the fatty acid biosynthesis (FAB) pathway, rather than the well-known reverse β-oxidation (RBO) pathway for CCE, was more active and pivotal, though the FAB pathway had more steps and consumed more ATP, a phenomenon that has rarely been observed in previous CCE studies. A total of 91 draft genomes were reconstructed from the metagenomic reads, of which three were near completion (completeness, >97%) and were assigned to unknown strains of Methanolinea tarda, Bordetella avium, and Planctomycetaceae The last two strains are likely new-found active participators of CCE in the mixed culture. Finally, a conceptual framework of CCE, including both pathways and the potential participators, was proposed.IMPORTANCE Carbon chain elongation means the conversion of short-chain volatile fatty acids to medium-chain carboxylates, such as n-caproate and n-caprylate with electron donors under anaerobic condition. This bio-reaction can both expand the resource of valuable biochemicals and broaden the utilization of low-grade organic residues in a sustainable biorefinery context. Clostridium kluyveri is conventionally considered model microbe for carbon chain elongation which uses the reverse β-oxidation pathway. However, little is known about the detailed microbial structure and function of other abundant microorganism in a mixed culture (or open culture) of chain elongation. We conducted the comparative metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis of a chain elongation microbiome to throw light on the underlying functional microbes and alternative pathways.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang YQ, Zhang F, Zhang W, Dai K, Wang HJ, Li X, Zeng RJ. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed culture fermentation in a hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor at 25 °C. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:659-665. [PMID: 29091851 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There have been no reports of H2 and CO2 mixed-culture fermentation (MCF) at 25 °C in a hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (HfMBR). In this study, H2 and CO2 MCF were conducted in an HfMBR at 25 °C producing metabolites including acetate, ethanol, butyrate, and caproate. Compared to pure culture fermentation (i.e., Clostridium carboxidivorans P7), the MCF in HfMBR at 25 °C produced a higher concentration of caproate in this study (3.4 g/L in batch 1 and 5.7 g/L in batch 2). The dominant genera were Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 and Prevotella_7. The caproate was more likely formed from the pathway of acetate and ethanol rather than via butyrate and ethanol. Since caproate is more valuable than acetate and low temperature fermentation consumes less energy, this process of H2 and CO2 MCF at 25 °C is appropriate for industrial application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Hua-Jie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xue Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dai K, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Zeng RJ. The chemostat metabolite spectra of alkaline mixed culture fermentation under mesophilic, thermophilic, and extreme-thermophilic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:322-327. [PMID: 29054062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline mixed culture fermentation (MCF) is a promising technology for reducing organic waste and producing biochemicals. However, chemostat metabolite spectra that are necessary for constructing a model and analyzing factors are seldom reported. In the present study, the effects of pH on the metabolites distribution in mesophilic (35 °C), thermophilic (55 °C), and extreme-thermophilic (70 °C) alkaline MCF were demonstrated. A chemical oxygen demand balance above 80% was achieved, and the main metabolites included acetate, ethanol, propionate, lactate, and formate. The yields of ethanol and formate increased as pH was increased from 7.5 to higher pH under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, while the yields of acetate, lactate, and/or propionate decreased. The yields of ethanol, acetate, and formate increased under extreme-thermophilic conditions as pH was increased from 7.5 to 9.0, whereas lactate and hydrogen yields decreased. Low biomass yield under thermophilic and extreme-thermophilic conditions benefited higher metabolite production and minimized the accumulation of sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, People's Republic of China; CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Valuable biochemical production in mixed culture fermentation: fundamentals and process coupling. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6575-6586. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
17
|
Gildemyn S, Rozendal RA, Rabaey K. A Gibbs Free Energy-Based Assessment of Microbial Electrocatalysis. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:393-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
18
|
Biofilm Formation by Clostridium ljungdahlii Is Induced by Sodium Chloride Stress: Experimental Evaluation and Transcriptome Analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170406. [PMID: 28118386 PMCID: PMC5261816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The acetogen Clostridium ljungdahlii is capable of syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis. Biofilm formation could benefit both these applications, but was not yet reported for C. ljungdahlii. Biofilm formation does not occur under standard growth conditions, but attachment or aggregation could be induced by different stresses. The strongest biofilm formation was observed with the addition of sodium chloride. After 3 days of incubation, the biomass volume attached to a plastic surface was 20 times higher with than without the addition of 200 mM NaCl to the medium. The addition of NaCl also resulted in biofilm formation on glass, graphite and glassy carbon, the latter two being often used electrode materials for microbial electrosynthesis. Biofilms were composed of extracellular proteins, polysaccharides, as well as DNA, while pilus-like appendages were observed with, but not without, the addition of NaCl. A transcriptome analysis comparing planktonic (no NaCl) and biofilm (NaCl addition) cells showed that C. ljungdahlii coped with the salt stress by the upregulation of the general stress response, Na+ export and osmoprotectant accumulation. A potential role for poly-N-acetylglucosamines and D-alanine in biofilm formation was found. Flagellar motility was downregulated, while putative type IV pili biosynthesis genes were not expressed. Moreover, the gene expression analysis suggested the involvement of the transcriptional regulators LexA, Spo0A and CcpA in stress response and biofilm formation. This study showed that NaCl addition might be a valuable strategy to induce biofilm formation by C. ljungdahlii, which can improve the efficacy of syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis applications.
Collapse
|
19
|
Enhancement of acetate productivity in a thermophilic (55 °C) hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor with mixed culture syngas (H2/CO2) fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2619-2627. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Chen Y, Wang T, Shen N, Zhang F, Zeng RJ. High-purity propionate production from glycerol in mixed culture fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:659-667. [PMID: 27544916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High-purity propionate production from glycerol in mixed culture fermentation (MCF) induced by high ammonium concentration was investigated. Fed-batch experiments revealed that higher ammonium concentration (>2.9g/L) had simultaneous negative effects on acetate and propionate degradation. Propionate production and yield was up to 22.6g/L and 0.45g COD/g COD glycerol, respectively, with a purity of 96%. Sequential batch experiments demonstrated that the yields of propionate were 0.3±0.05, 0.32±0.01, and 0.34±0.03g COD/g COD at a glycerol concentration of 2.78, 4.38, and 5.56g/L, respectively, and the purity of propionate was 91-100%. Microbial community analysis showed that the phylum Firmicutes dominated the bacterial community at different glycerol concentrations. However, the Methanosaeta population decreased from 46% to 6% when glycerol concentration increased from 2.78 to 5.56g/L, resulting in lower acetate degradation rate. Thus, the present study might provide an alternative option for the production of propionate from glycerol via MCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Shen
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond J Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen Y, Zhang F, Wang T, Shen N, Yu ZW, Zeng RJ. Hydraulic retention time affects stable acetate production from tofu processing wastewater in extreme-thermophilic (70°C) mixed culture fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:722-728. [PMID: 27295249 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetate is an important industrial chemical and its production from wastes via mixed culture fermentation (MCF) is economic. In this work, the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on acetate production from tofu processing wastewater (TPW) in extreme-thermophilic (70°C) MCF was first investigated. It was found that long HRT (>3days) could lead to less acetate production while stable acetate production was achieved at short HRT (3days) with the yield of 0.57g-COD/g-CODTPW. The microbial community analysis showed that hydrogenotrophic methanogens (mainly Methanothermobacter) occupied up to 90% of archaea at both HRTs of 3 and 5days. However, Coprothermobacter, the main acetate-degraders, decreased from 35.74% to 10.58% of bacteria when HRT decreased from 5 to 3days, supporting the aggravation of syntrophic acetate oxidation in long HRT. This work demonstrated that HRT was a crucial factor to maintain stable acetate production from TPW in extreme-thermophilic MCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Shen
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Wei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond J Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Biofilms of Clostridium species. Anaerobe 2014; 30:193-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
23
|
Wang J, Yang X, Chen CC, Yang ST. Engineering clostridia for butanol production from biorenewable resources: from cells to process integration. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
24
|
Zhang F, Chen Y, Dai K, Zeng RJ. The chemostat study of metabolic distribution in extreme-thermophilic (70 °C) mixed culture fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:10267-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|