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Gao H, Sun J, Guo X, Zhang Z, Liu H, Zhang Z, Liu M, Zhou S, Li S, Zhang T. Study on the Extraction of Nervonic Acid from the Oil of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge Seeds. Foods 2024; 13:2757. [PMID: 39272521 PMCID: PMC11394566 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Seven fatty acids were detected by GC-MS in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil extracted at different temperatures, including Palmitic acid C16:0, Stearic acid C18:0, Oleic acid C18:1, Eicosenoic acid C20:1, Docosenoic acid C22:1, Tetracosenoic acid C24:1, and Linoleic acid C18:2. The highest content of nervonic acid (NA) was found in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil extracted at 70 °C. Three methods were selected to analyze the extraction rate of nervonic acid in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil, including urea complexation, low-temperature solvent crystallization, and a combined treatment using these two methods. The final content of nervonic acid obtained was 14.07%, 19.66%, and 40.17%, respectively. The combined treatment method increased the purity of nervonic acid in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil by 12.62 times. Meanwhile, thermogravimetric behavior analysis of samples extracted using different methods was conducted by thermogravimetric analyzer, which suggested that the thermal stability of the samples extracted by the combined treatment was enhanced. These results can provide a new process parameter and scientific basis for the extraction of NA. At the same time, FTIR and NMR were also used to characterize the combined extraction sample, and the structure of the samples was proved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xuan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - He Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhiran Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengkai Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Sen Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shengxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Zwilling CE, Wu J, Barbey AK. Investigating nutrient biomarkers of healthy brain aging: a multimodal brain imaging study. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38773079 PMCID: PMC11109270 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The emerging field of Nutritional Cognitive Neuroscience aims to uncover specific foods and nutrients that promote healthy brain aging. Central to this effort is the discovery of nutrient profiles that can be targeted in nutritional interventions designed to promote brain health with respect to multimodal neuroimaging measures of brain structure, function, and metabolism. The present study therefore conducted one of the largest and most comprehensive nutrient biomarker studies examining multimodal neuroimaging measures of brain health within a sample of 100 older adults. To assess brain health, a comprehensive battery of well-established cognitive and brain imaging measures was administered, along with 13 blood-based biomarkers of diet and nutrition. The findings of this study revealed distinct patterns of aging, categorized into two phenotypes of brain health based on hierarchical clustering. One phenotype demonstrated an accelerated rate of aging, while the other exhibited slower-than-expected aging. A t-test analysis of dietary biomarkers that distinguished these phenotypes revealed a nutrient profile with higher concentrations of specific fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins. Study participants with this nutrient profile demonstrated better cognitive scores and delayed brain aging, as determined by a t-test of the means. Notably, participant characteristics such as demographics, fitness levels, and anthropometrics did not account for the observed differences in brain aging. Therefore, the nutrient pattern identified by the present study motivates the design of neuroscience-guided dietary interventions to promote healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Zwilling
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jisheng Wu
- Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Aron K Barbey
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
- Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Chen Z, Liu S, Zhou H, Wang M, Pei S, Wang R, Liu Z. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based serum and urine metabolomics strategy to analyze the mechanism of nervonic acid in treating Alzheimer's disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 240:115930. [PMID: 38157740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nervonic acid is a natural component of breast milk and is frequently used as a food additive due to its excellent neuroprotective effects. Although it has been reported that nervonic acid may play a role in the recovery of human cognitive impairment, its specific mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, the results of serum biochemical indexes showed that nervonic acid improved inflammation and reduced amyloid β peptide (Aβ) deposition and tau protein phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats. Subsequently, we further used a metabolomics approach to investigate the potential mechanism of action of nervonic acid in the treatment of AD. The results of serum and urine metabolomics study showed that the intervention of nervonic acid significantly reversed the metabolic profile disorder in AD rats. A total of 52 metabolites were identified. They mainly involved linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism, and all these metabolic pathways were associated with the emergence of inflammation in vivo. It suggests that the therapeutic effect of nervonic acid on AD is likely to be produced by ameliorating inflammation. The results obtained in this study provide new insights into the mechanism of nervonic acid treatment of AD and lay a foundation for the clinical application of nervonic acid in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shu Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Meiyuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shuhua Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Rongjin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhongying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Su H, Shi P, Shen Z, Meng H, Meng Z, Han X, Chen Y, Fan W, Fa Y, Yang C, Li F, Wang S. High-level production of nervonic acid in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica by systematic metabolic engineering. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1125. [PMID: 37935958 PMCID: PMC10630375 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervonic acid benefits the treatment of neurological diseases and the health of brain. In this study, we employed the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to overproduce nervonic acid oil by systematic metabolic engineering. First, the production of nervonic acid was dramatically improved by iterative expression of the genes ecoding β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase CgKCS, fatty acid elongase gELOVL6 and desaturase MaOLE2. Second, the biosynthesis of both nervonic acid and lipids were further enhanced by expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases and diacylglycerol acyltransferases from Malania oleifera in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Third, overexpression of a newly identified ER structure regulator gene YlINO2 led to a 39.3% increase in lipid production. Fourth, disruption of the AMP-activated S/T protein kinase gene SNF1 increased the ratio of nervonic acid to lignoceric acid by 61.6%. Next, pilot-scale fermentation using the strain YLNA9 exhibited a lipid titer of 96.7 g/L and a nervonic acid titer of 17.3 g/L (17.9% of total fatty acids), the highest reported titer to date. Finally, a proof-of-concept purification and separation of nervonic acid were performed and the purity of it reached 98.7%. This study suggested that oleaginous yeasts are attractive hosts for the cost-efficient production of nervonic acid and possibly other very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Penghui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhaoshuang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Huimin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao, 266073, China
| | - Ziyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xingfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yanna Chen
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Biotech Co., LTD, Shaoxing, 312365, China
| | - Weiming Fan
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Biotech Co., LTD, Shaoxing, 312365, China
| | - Yun Fa
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Fuli Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Shi'an Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Chen X, Song Y, Song W, Han J, Cao H, Xu X, Li S, Fu Y, Ding C, Lin F, Shi Y, Li J. Multi-omics reveal neuroprotection of Acer truncatum Bunge Seed extract on hypoxic-ischemia encephalopathy rats under high-altitude. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1001. [PMID: 37783835 PMCID: PMC10545756 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) at high-altitudes leads to neonatal mortality and long-term neurological complications without effective treatment. Acer truncatum Bunge Seed extract (ASO) is reported to have effect on cognitive improvement, but its molecular mechanisms on HIE are unclear. In this study, ASO administration contributed to reduced neuronal cell edema and improved motor ability in HIE rats at a simulated 4500-meter altitude. Transcriptomics and WGCNA analysis showed genes associated with lipid biosynthesis, redox homeostasis, neuronal growth, and synaptic plasticity regulated in the ASO group. Targeted and untargeted-lipidomics revealed decreased free fatty acids and increased phospholipids with favorable ω-3/ω-6/ω-9 fatty acid ratios, as well as reduced oxidized glycerophospholipids (OxGPs) in the ASO group. Combining multi-omics analysis demonstrated FA to FA-CoA, phospholipids metabolism, and lipid peroxidation were regulated by ASO treatment. Our results illuminated preliminary metabolism mechanism of ASO ingesting in rats, implying ASO administration as potential intervention strategy for HIE under high-altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Chen
- Bao Feng Key Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Yige Song
- Bao Feng Key Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Wangting Song
- Bao Feng Key Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Han
- Bao Feng Key Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Cao
- Department of Respiratory, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Plateau Medical Research Center of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shujia Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Plateau Medical Research Center of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanmin Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Plateau Medical Research Center of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunguang Ding
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Neurology, Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiujun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Plateau Medical Research Center of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Wang K, Lin L, Wei P, Ledesma-Amaro R, Ji XJ. Combining orthogonal plant and non-plant fatty acid biosynthesis pathways for efficient production of microbial oil enriched in nervonic acid in Yarrowia lipolytica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 378:129012. [PMID: 37019413 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nervonic acid has proven efficacy in brain development and the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, an alternative and sustainable strategy for nervonic acid-enriched plant oil production was established. Different β-ketoacyl-CoA synthases and heterologous Δ15 desaturase were co-expressed, combined with the deletion of the β-oxidation pathway to construct orthogonal plant and non-plant nervonic acid biosynthesis pathways in Yarrowia lipolytica. A "block-pull-restrain" strategy was further applied to improve the supply of stearic acid as the precursor of the non-plant pathway. Then, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase from Malania oleifera (MoLpaat) was identified, which showed specificity for nervonic acid. Endogenous LPAAT was exchanged by MoLPAAT resulted in 17.10 % nervonic acid accumulation. Finally, lipid metabolism was engineered and cofactor supply was increased to boost the lipid accumulation in a stable null-hyphal strain. The final strain produced 57.84 g/L oils with 23.44 % nervonic acid in fed-batch fermentation, which has the potential to substitute nervonic acid-enriched plant oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China.
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Wang X, Liang T, Mao Y, Li Z, Li X, Zhu X, Cao F, Zhang J. Nervonic acid improves liver inflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease by inhibiting proinflammatory signaling pathways and regulating metabolic pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 117:154911. [PMID: 37276724 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nervonic acid (NA) - a type of bioactive fatty acid that is found in natural sources - can inhibit inflammatory reactions and regulate immune system balance. Therefore, the use of NA for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases has received considerable attention. Our previous study found that NA inhibited inflammatory responses in the brain of Parkinson's disease (PD) mouse models. In addition to the brain, PD is also associated with visceral organ dysfunction, especially impaired liver function. Thus, studying the role of NA in PD-mediated inflammation of the liver is particularly important. METHODS A combined transcriptome and metabolomic approach was utilized to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of NA on the liver of PD mice. Inflammatory signaling molecules and metabolic pathway-related genes were examined in the liver using real-time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Liver transcriptome analysis revealed that NA exerted anti-inflammatory effects by controlling several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as the down-regulation of the tumor necrosis factor and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways, both of which were essential in the development of inflammatory disease. In addition, liver metabolomic results revealed that metabolites related to steroid hormone biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism were up-regulated and those related to valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation pathways were down-regulated in NA treatment groups compared with the PD model. The integration of metabolomic and transcriptomic results showed NA significantly exerted its anti-inflammatory function by regulating the transcription and metabolic pathways of multiple genes. Particularly, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis were the crucial pathways of the anti-inflammatory action of NA. Key genes in these metabolic pathways and key molecules in inflammatory signaling pathways were also verified, which were consistent with transcriptomic results. CONCLUSION These findings provide novel insights into the liver protective effects of NA against PD mice. This study also showed that NA could be a useful dietary element for improving and treating PD-induced liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Tingyu Liang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Ying Mao
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Zhengdou Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Xinliang Zhu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Lanzhou 730070, China; Institute of Rural Development and Research, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Lanzhou 730070, China; Institute of Rural Development and Research, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China.
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Phung NV, Rong F, Xia WY, Fan Y, Li XY, Wang SA, Li FL. Nervonic acid and its sphingolipids: Biological functions and potential food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:8766-8785. [PMID: 37114919 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2203753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Nervonic acid, a 24-carbon fatty acid with only one double bond at the 9th carbon (C24:1n-9), is abundant in the human brain, liver, and kidney. It not only functions in free form but also serves as a critical component of sphingolipids which participate in many biological processes such as cell membrane formation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission. Recent studies show that nervonic acid supplementation is not only beneficial to human health but also can improve the many medical conditions such as neurological diseases, cancers, diabetes, obesity, and their complications. Nervonic acid and its sphingomyelins serve as a special material for myelination in infants and remyelination patients with multiple sclerosis. Besides, the administration of nervonic acid is reported to reduce motor disorder in mice with Parkinson's disease and limit weight gain. Perturbations of nervonic acid and its sphingolipids might lead to the pathogenesis of many diseases and understanding these mechanisms is critical for investigating potential therapeutic approaches for such diseases. However, available studies about this aspect are limited. In this review, relevant findings about functional mechanisms of nervonic acid have been comprehensively and systematically described, focusing on four interconnected functions: cellular structure, signaling, anti-inflammation, lipid mobilization, and their related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nghi Van Phung
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Rong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wan Yue Xia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian Yu Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shi An Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Fu Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
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Yuan SN, Wang MX, Han JL, Feng CY, Wang M, Wang M, Sun JY, Li NY, Simal-Gandara J, Liu C. Improved colonic inflammation by nervonic acid via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway of DSS-induced colitis mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154702. [PMID: 36764096 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nervonic acid (C24:1∆15, 24:1 ω-9, cis-tetracos-15-enoic acid; NA), a long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid, plays an essential role in prevention of metabolic diseases, and immune regulation, and has anti-inflammatory properties. As a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease, ulcerative colitis (UC) can affect the large intestine. The influences of NA on UC are largely unknown. PURPOSE The present study aimed to decipher the anti-UC effect of NA in the mouse colitis model. Specifically, we wanted to explore whether NA can regulate the levels of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells and mouse colitis model. METHODS To address the above issues, the RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), then the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The therapeutic effects of NA for UC were evaluated using C57BL/6 mice gavaged dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Myeloperoxidase (MPO) kit assay, ELISA, immunofluorescence assay, and LC-MS/MS were used to assess histological changes, MPO levels, inflammatory factors release, expression and distribution of intestinal tight junction (TJ) protein ZO-1, and metabolic pathways, respectively. The levels of proteins involved in the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway in the UC were investigated by western blotting and RT-qPCR. RESULTS In vitro experiments verified that NA could reduce inflammatory response and inhibit the activation of key signal pathways associated with inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Further, results from the mouse colitis model suggested that NA could restore intestinal barrier function and suppress NF-κB signal pathways to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis of NA protection against UC found that NA protected mice from colitis by regulating citrate cycle, amino acid metabolism, pyrimidine and purine metabolism. CONCLUSION These results suggested that NA could ameliorate the secretion of inflammatory factors, suppress the NF-κB signaling pathway, and protect the integrity of colon tissue, thereby having a novel role in prevention or treatment therapy for UC. This work for the first time indicated that NA might be a potential functional food ingredient for preventing and treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Mu-Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jin-Long Han
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Cai-Yun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Shanxi Functional Food Engineering Center Co. Ltd, Xian 710000, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jin-Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Huatai Nutrition and Health Industry Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Ning-Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Huatai Nutrition and Health Industry Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd, Jinan 250100, China.
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10
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Free Fatty Acids from Cow Urine DMSO Fraction Induce Cell Death in Breast Cancer Cells without Affecting Normal GMSCs. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030889. [PMID: 36979868 PMCID: PMC10046047 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the biological relevance of free fatty acids derived from cow urine DMSO fraction (CUDF) by employing in vitro and in silico approaches. Background: Metabolic heterogeneity at the intra- and intercellular levels contributes to the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells during drug-induced response. Free fatty acid (FFA) availability at intra- and intercellular levels is related to tumor heterogeneity at interpatient and xeno-heterogeneity levels. Methods: We collected fresh urine from healthy cows and subjected it to fractionation in DMSO using drying, vortexing, and centrifugation. Finally, the sterile filtrate of cow urine DMSO fraction (CUDF) was evaluated for antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells using routine cell-based assays. Intracellular metabolites were studied with the help of a novel in-house vertical tube gel electrophoresis (VTGE) method to reveal the nature of CUDF components in MCF-7 cells. Identified intracellular FFAs were studied for their molecular interactions with targeted receptor histone deacetylase (HDAC) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Results: CUDF showed a significant reduction in cell viability and cell death in MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells. Interestingly, FFAs tetracosanedioic acid, 13Z-docosenoic acid (erucic acid), nervonic acid, 3-hydroxy-tetradecanoic acid, and 3-hydroxcapric acid were found inside the treated MCF-7 cancer cells. These FFAs, including tetracosanedioic acid, indicated a specific affinity to HDAC at their inhibitory sites, similar to trichostatin A, a known inhibitor. Conclusions: This study reports on FFAs derived from CUDF as potential antiproliferative and pro-cell death agents against breast cancer cells. MD simulations hinted at tetracosanedioic acid and other FFAs as inhibitors of HDAC that could explain the observed effects of FFAs in cancer cells.
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11
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Diener C, Dai CL, Wilmanski T, Baloni P, Smith B, Rappaport N, Hood L, Magis AT, Gibbons SM. Genome-microbiome interplay provides insight into the determinants of the human blood metabolome. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1560-1572. [PMID: 36357685 PMCID: PMC9691620 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Variation in the blood metabolome is intimately related to human health. However, few details are known about the interplay between genetics and the microbiome in explaining this variation on a metabolite-by-metabolite level. Here, we perform analyses of variance for each of 930 blood metabolites robustly detected across a cohort of 1,569 individuals with paired genomic and microbiome data while controlling for a number of relevant covariates. We find that 595 (64%) of these blood metabolites are significantly associated with either host genetics or the gut microbiome, with 69% of these associations driven solely by the microbiome, 15% driven solely by genetics and 16% under hybrid genome-microbiome control. Additionally, interaction effects, where a metabolite-microbe association is specific to a particular genetic background, are quite common, albeit with modest effect sizes. This knowledge will help to guide targeted interventions designed to alter the composition of the human blood metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brett Smith
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Leroy Hood
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sean M Gibbons
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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12
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Hu D, Cui Y, Zhang J. Influence of Nervonic Acid on Parkinson’s Disease Model Cells through Ras/MEK/ERK Axis. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1309.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Wang P, Xiong X, Zhang X, Wu G, Liu F. A Review of Erucic Acid Production in Brassicaceae Oilseeds: Progress and Prospects for the Genetic Engineering of High and Low-Erucic Acid Rapeseeds ( Brassica napus). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:899076. [PMID: 35645989 PMCID: PMC9131074 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.899076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Erucic acid (C22:1, ω-9, EA) is a very-long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid (FA) that is an important oleochemical product with a wide range of uses in metallurgy, machinery, rubber, the chemical industry, and other fields because of its hydrophobicity and water resistance. EA is not easily digested and absorbed in the human body, and high-EA rapeseed (HEAR) oil often contains glucosinolates. Both glucosinolates and EA are detrimental to health and can lead to disease, which has resulted in strict guidelines by regulatory bodies on maximum EA contents in oils. Increasingly, researchers have attempted to enhance the EA content in Brassicaceae oilseeds to serve industrial applications while conversely reducing the EA content to ensure food safety. For the production of both LEAR and HEAR, biotechnology is likely to play a fundamental role. Elucidating the metabolic pathways of EA can help inform the improvement of Brassicaceae oilseeds through transgenic technology. In this paper, we introduce the industrial applications of HEAR oil and health benefits of low-EA rapeseed (LEAR) oil first, following which we review the biosynthetic pathways of EA, introduce the EA resources from plants, and focus on research related to the genetic engineering of EA in Brassicaceae oilseeds. In addition, the effects of the environment on EA production are addressed, and the safe cultivation of HEAR and LEAR is discussed. This paper supports further research into improving FAs in Brassicaceae oilseeds through transgenic technologies and molecular breeding techniques, thereby advancing the commercialization of transgenic products for better application in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding Technology Innovation and Integration, Life Science and Technology Center, China National Seed Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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14
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Xue Y, Zhu X, Yan W, Zhang Z, Cui E, Wu Y, Li C, Pan J, Yan Q, Chai X, Zhao S. Dietary Supplementation With Acer truncatum Oil Promotes Remyelination in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:860280. [PMID: 35585921 PMCID: PMC9109879 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.860280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of uncertain etiology. Traditional treatment methods produce more adverse effects. Epidemiological and clinical treatment findings showed that unknown environmental factors contribute to the etiology of MS and that diet is a commonly assumed factor. Despite the huge interest in diet expressed by people with MS and the potential role diet plays in MS, very little data is available on the role of diet in MS pathogenesis and MS course, in particular, studies on fats and MS. The oil of Acer truncatum is potential as a resource to be exploited in the treatment of some neurodegenerative diseases. Objective Here, we investigated the underlying influences of Acer truncatum oil on the stimulation of remyelination in a cuprizone mouse model of demyelination. Methods Cuprizone (0.2% in chow) was used to establish a mouse model of demyelination. Acer truncatum oil was administrated to mice during remyelination. Following techniques were used: behavioral test, histochemistry, fluorescent immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscope. Results Mice exposed to cuprizone for 6 weeks showed schizophrenia-like behavioral changes, the increased exploration of the center in the open field test (OFT), increased entries into the open arms of the elevated plus-maze, as well as demyelination in the corpus callosum. After cuprizone withdrawal, the diet therapy was initiated with supplementation of Acer truncatum oil for 2 weeks. As expected, myelin repair was greatly enhanced in the demyelinated regions with increased mature oligodendrocytes (CC1) and myelin basic protein (MBP). More importantly, the supplementation with Acer truncatum oil in the diet reduced the schizophrenia-like behavior in the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus-maze compared to the cuprizone recovery group. The results revealed that the diet supplementation with Acer truncatum oil improved behavioral abnormalities, oligodendrocyte maturation, and remyelination in the cuprizone model during recovery. Conclusion Diet supplementation with Acer truncatum oil attenuates demyelination induced by cuprizone, indicating that Acer truncatum oil is a novel therapeutic diet in demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenyong Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhihan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Enhui Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongji Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Cixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiarong Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qijiang Yan
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xuejun Chai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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15
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Plant monounsaturated fatty acids: Diversity, biosynthesis, functions and uses. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 85:101138. [PMID: 34774919 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids are straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids comprising a unique carbon‑carbon double bond, also termed unsaturation. More than 50 distinct molecular structures have been described in the plant kingdom, and more remain to be discovered. The evolution of land plants has apparently resulted in the convergent evolution of non-homologous enzymes catalyzing the dehydrogenation of saturated acyl chain substrates in a chemo-, regio- and stereoselective manner. Contrasted enzymatic characteristics and different subcellular localizations of these desaturases account for the diversity of existing fatty acid structures. Interestingly, the location and geometrical configuration of the unsaturation confer specific characteristics to these molecules found in a variety of membrane, storage, and surface lipids. An ongoing research effort aimed at exploring the links existing between fatty acid structures and their biological functions has already unraveled the importance of several monounsaturated fatty acids in various physiological and developmental contexts. What is more, the monounsaturated acyl chains found in the oils of seeds and fruits are widely and increasingly used in the food and chemical industries due to the physicochemical properties inherent in their structures. Breeders and plant biotechnologists therefore develop new crops with high monounsaturated contents for various agro-industrial purposes.
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16
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Pellegrini CN, Buzkova P, Lichtenstein AH, Matthan NR, Ix JH, Siscovick DS, Heckbert SR, Tracy RP, Mukamal KJ, Djoussé L, Kizer JR. Individual non-esterified fatty acids and incident atrial fibrillation late in life. Heart 2021; 107:1805-1812. [PMID: 33483356 PMCID: PMC8607526 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity and dysmetabolism are major risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). Expansion of fat depots is associated with increased circulating total non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), elevated levels of which are associated with incident AF. We undertook comprehensive serum measurement of individual NEFA to identify specific associations with new-onset AF late in life. METHODS The present study focused on participants with available serum and free of AF selected from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based longitudinal investigation of older US adults. Thirty-five individual NEFAs were measured by gas chromatography. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of individual NEFAs with incident AF. RESULTS The study sample included 1872 participants (age 77.7±4.4). During median follow-up of 11.3 years, 715 cases of incident AF occurred. After concurrent adjustment of all NEFAs and full adjustment for potential confounders, higher serum concentration of nervonic acid (24:1 n-9), a long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid, was associated with higher risk of AF (HR per SD: 1.18, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.29; p<0.001). Conversely, higher serum concentration of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (18:3 n-6), a polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acid, was associated with lower risk of AF (HR per SD: 0.81, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.94; p=0.004). None of the remaining NEFAs was significantly associated with AF. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults, serum levels of non-esterified nervonic acid were positively associated, while serum levels of non-esterified GLA were inversely associated, with incident AF. If confirmed, these results could offer new strategies for AF prevention and early intervention in this segment of the population at highest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara N Pellegrini
- Medical Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
- Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Biostatics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- Medicine and Epidemiology, New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Pathology and Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Medical Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
- Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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17
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Kaczmarek A, Boguś MI. The Impact of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Conidiobolus coronatus on the Free Fatty Acid Profile of the Flesh Fly Sarcophaga argyrostoma. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12110970. [PMID: 34821771 PMCID: PMC8623223 DOI: 10.3390/insects12110970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The interaction between insect and fungus is characterised on the one hand by the parasite developing more effective strategies of host exploitation, and on the other, by the host mounting increasingly robust defences though Red Queen dynamics or coevolutionary arms races. Furthermore, depending on gene flow and differences in selection pressure between sites, both host and parasite may demonstrate local adaptation to their counterpart or develop more general resistance or offensive traits. As the cuticle is considered the first line of defence of the insect, changes in the FFA profile may well influence susceptibility or resistance to fungal invasion. Our findings indicate that Sarcophaga argyrostoma demonstrates stage-specific resistance to Conidiobolus coronatus infection and suggests that FFAs play a role in resistance to fungal infection in flesh flies. These findings not only increase our knowledge of the entomopatogenic potential of fungi, but also of the growing level of infection by C. coronatus in humans and other mammals. Also, the presented research suggests that FFAs demonstrate antifungal activity which may be helpful in designing new antifungal treatments. Abstract The chemical composition of the insect cuticle varies remarkably between species and their life stages. It can affect host resistance and substrate utilization by invading entomopathogen fungi, such as the soil fungus Conidiobolus coronatus. In this study, Sarcophaga argyrostoma flies were exposed to sporulating C. coronatus colonies for 24 h; the pupae were resistant, but the adults demonstrated 60% mortality. Although the pupae demonstrated no sign of infection nor any abnormal development, our findings indicate that after 24 h of contact with the fungus, the pupae demonstrated a 25.2-fold increase in total cuticular free fatty acids (FFAs) and a 1.9-fold decrease in total internal FFAs. Also, the cuticular FFA increased from 26 to 30, while the internal FFA class increased from 13 to 23. In exposed adults, the total mass of cuticular FFAs increased 1.7-fold, while the number of FFAs stayed the same (32 FFAs). Also, the internal FFA class increased from 26 to 35 and the total FFA mass increased 1.1-fold. These considerable differences between adults and pupae associated with C. coronatus exposure indicate developmental changes in the mechanisms governing lipid metabolism and spatial distribution in the organism, and suggest that cuticular lipids play a vital role in the defence against pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kaczmarek
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mieczysława Irena Boguś
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland;
- BIOMIBO, Strzygłowska 15, 04-872 Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Tieu JH, Sahasrabudhe SA, Orchard PJ, Cloyd JC, Kartha RV. Translational and clinical pharmacology considerations in drug repurposing for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy-A rare peroxisomal disorder. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 88:2552-2563. [PMID: 34558098 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited, neurodegenerative rare disease that can result in devastating symptoms of blindness, gait disturbances and spastic quadriparesis due to progressive demyelination. Typically, the disease progresses rapidly, causing death within the first decade of life. With limited treatments available, efforts to determine an effective therapy that can alter disease progression or mitigate symptoms have been undertaken for many years, particularly through drug repurposing. Repurposing has generally been guided through clinical experience and small trials. At this time, none of the drug candidates have been approved for use, which may be due, in part, to the lack of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic information on the repurposed medications in the target patient population. Greater consideration for the disease pathophysiology, drug pharmacology and potential drug-target interactions, specifically at the site of action, would improve drug repurposing and facilitate drug development. Incorporating advanced translational and clinical pharmacological approaches in preclinical studies and early-stage clinical trials will improve the success of repurposed drugs for X-ALD as well as other rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne H Tieu
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Siddhee A Sahasrabudhe
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - James C Cloyd
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Reena V Kartha
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Huang JJ, Cheung PCK. Cold stress treatment enhances production of metabolites and biodiesel feedstock in Porphyridium cruentum via adjustment of cell membrane fluidity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146612. [PMID: 34030318 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Porphyridium cruentum, a cell-wall-free marine Rhodophyta microalga was cultured under a 5-day cold stress at 0 °C and 15 °C, after reaching the late logarithmic growth phase. Compared with the control at 25 °C, the cold stress treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased the microalgal biomass (1.21-fold); the amounts of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (1.22-fold); individual fatty acids including linoleic acid (1.50-fold) and eicosatrienoic acid (1.85-fold), and a major carotenoid zeaxanthin (1.53-fold). Furthermore, production of biodiesel feedstock including total C16 + C18 fatty acids was significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) by 1.18-fold after the cold stress treatment. Principal component analysis further indicated that the biosynthetic pathways of fatty acids and carotenoids in this microalga were correlated with the cold stress treatment. These results suggested that P. cruentum had adjusted its cellular membrane fluidity via an 'arm-raising and screw-bolt fastening' mechanism mediated by the synergistic roles of cis-unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids. The insight obtained from the responses to cold stress in P. cruentum could be a novel technological approach to enhance the production of microalgal metabolites and biodiesel feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Junhui Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100, Waihuan West Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China; Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., People's Republic of China; Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Chi Keung Cheung
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., People's Republic of China.
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20
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Hu X, Li H, Zhao X, Zhou R, Liu H, Sun Y, Fan Y, Shi Y, Qiao S, Liu S, Liu H, Zhang S. Multi-omics study reveals that statin therapy is associated with restoration of gut microbiota homeostasis and improvement in outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Theranostics 2021; 11:5778-5793. [PMID: 33897881 PMCID: PMC8058718 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Prior chronic treatment with statins has been shown to be associated with more favorable outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Specific changes in the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites have been shown to influence the progression of coronary artery disease. However, the critical microbial and metabolomic changes associated with the cardiovascular protective effects of statins in ACS remain elusive. Methods: In the present study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and serum metabolomic analysis in 36 ACS patients who had received chronic statin treatment, 67 ACS patients who had not, and 30 healthy volunteers. A follow-up study was conducted. Metagenomic functional prediction of important bacterial taxa was achieved using PICRUSt2. Results: Statins modulated the gut microbiome of ACS patients towards a healthier status, i.e., reducing potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Parabacteroides merdae but increasing beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, Anaerostipes hadrus and Ruminococcus obeum. Moreover, prior chronic statin therapy was associated with improved outcome in ACS patients. Multi-omics analysis revealed that specific changes in bacterial taxa were associated with disease severity or outcomes either directly or by mediating metabolites such as fatty acids and prenol lipids. Finally, we discovered that important taxa associated with statins were correlated with fatty acid- and isoprenoid-related pathways that were predicted by PICRUSt2. Conclusions: Our study suggests that statin treatment might benefit ACS patients by modulating the composition and function of the gut microbiome, which might result in improved circulating metabolites and reduced metabolic risk. Our findings provide new insights for understanding the heterogenic roles of statins in ACS patients through host gut microbiota metabolic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yueshen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangjiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
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21
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Liu F, Wang P, Xiong X, Zeng X, Zhang X, Wu G. A Review of Nervonic Acid Production in Plants: Prospects for the Genetic Engineering of High Nervonic Acid Cultivars Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:626625. [PMID: 33747006 PMCID: PMC7973461 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.626625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nervonic acid (NA) is a very-long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid that plays crucial roles in brain development and has attracted widespread research interest. The markets encouraged the development of a refined, NA-enriched plant oil as feedstocks for the needed further studies of NA biological functions to the end commercial application. Plant seed oils offer a renewable and environmentally friendly source of NA, but their industrial production is presently hindered by various factors. This review focuses on the NA biosynthesis and assembly, NA resources from plants, and the genetic engineering of NA biosynthesis in oil crops, discusses the factors that affect NA production in genetically engineered oil crops, and provides prospects for the application of NA and prospective trends in the engineering of NA. This review emphasizes the progress made toward various NA-related topics and explores the limitations and trends, thereby providing integrated and comprehensive insight into the nature of NA production mechanisms during genetic engineering. Furthermore, this report supports further work involving the manipulation of NA production through transgenic technologies and molecular breeding for the enhancement of crop nutritional quality or creation of plant biochemical factories to produce NA for use in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pandi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Life Science and Technology Center, China National Seed Group Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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22
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Ashtiani FR, Jalili H, Rahaie M, Sedighi M, Amrane A. Effect of mixed culture of yeast and microalgae on acetyl-CoA carboxylase and Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase expression. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 131:364-372. [PMID: 33341347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, some studies have reported that co-culturing green algae and yeast improve lipid and biomass concentration. In this study, a co-culture of the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis and the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was consequently conducted with inoculation of microalga and yeast in growth and stationary phases, respectively. For the first time, the expression of two pivotal enzymes in fatty acids synthetic pathway, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, was evaluated. To evaluate the synergistic impacts of the mixed culture on the enzymes expression, several co-culture models were designed, including the use of different ratio of microalgae to yeast or the use of residual cell-free medium of yeast; a positive impact on enzymes overexpression was shown in the case of the co-culture of the two microorganisms, and when the remaining cell-free medium of yeast was added to the microalgal culture. The results of in vitro co-culture demonstrated increased 6- and 5-fold of nervonic acid (C24:1) and behenic acid (C22:0) concentrations, respectively, in 2:1 microalgae to yeast co-culture as compared to the monoculture batches. Addition of yeast residual cell-free medium in the 2:1 ratio to the microalgal culture enhanced 9 and 6 times nervonic acid (C24:1) and behenic acid (C22:0) amounts, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh-Rezaee Ashtiani
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-1561, Iran
| | - Hasan Jalili
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-1561, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Rahaie
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-1561, Iran
| | - Mahsa Sedighi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Department of Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- Université de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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23
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Harnessing β-estradiol inducible expression system to overproduce nervonic acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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The Effects of Doxorubicin-based Chemotherapy and Omega-3 Supplementation on Mouse Brain Lipids. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100208. [PMID: 31569490 PMCID: PMC6835930 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment affects ~30% of breast cancer survivors, but the effects on how chemotherapy impacts brain lipids, and how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation may confer protection, is unknown. Ovariectomized mice were randomized to two rounds of injections of doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide or vehicle after consuming a diet supplemented with 2% or 0% EPA+DHA, and sacrificed 4, 7, and 14 days after the last injection (study 1, n = 120) or sacrificed 10 days after the last injection (study 2, n = 40). Study 1 whole brain samples were extracted and analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS to quantify specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). Lipidomics analyses were performed on hippocampal extracts from study 2 to determine changes in the brain lipidome. Study 1 results: only resolvin D1 was present in all samples, but no differences in concentration were observed (P > 0.05). Study 2 results: chemotherapy was positively correlated with omega-9 fatty acids, and EPA+DHA supplementation helped to maintain levels of plasmalogens. No statistically significant chemotherapy*diet effect was observed. Results demonstrate a limited role of SPMs in the brain post-chemotherapy, but a significant alteration of hippocampal lipids previously associated with other models of cognitive impairment (i.e., Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease).
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Yu J, Yuan T, Zhang X, Jin Q, Wei W, Wang X. Quantification of Nervonic Acid in Human Milk in the First 30 Days of Lactation: Influence of Lactation Stages and Comparison with Infant Formulae. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081892. [PMID: 31416149 PMCID: PMC6723218 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervonic acid (24:1 n-9, NA) plays a crucial role in the development of white matter, and it occurs naturally in human milk. This study aims to quantify NA in human milk at different lactation stages and compare it with the NA measured in infant formulae. With this information, optimal nutritional interventions for infants, especially newborns, can be determined. In this study, an absolute detection method that uses experimentally derived standard curves and methyl tricosanoate as the internal standard was developed to quantitively analyze NA concentration. The method was applied to the analysis of 224 human milk samples, which were collected over a period of 3–30 days postpartum from eight healthy Chinese mothers. The results show that the NA concentration was highest in colostrum (0.76 ± 0.23 mg/g fat) and significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in mature milk (0.20 ± 0.03 mg/g fat). During the first 10 days of lactation, the change in NA concentration was the most pronounced, decreasing by about 65%. Next, the NA contents in 181 commercial infant formulae from the Chinese market were compared. The NA content in most formulae was <16% of that found in colostrum and less than that found in mature human milk (p < 0.05). No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed among NA content in formulae with different fat sources. Special attention was given to the variety of n-9 fatty acids in human milk during lactation, and the results indicated that interindividual variation in NA content may be primarily due to endogenous factors, with less influence from the maternal diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yu
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tinglan Yuan
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinghe Zhang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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26
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Lewkowicz N, Piątek P, Namiecińska M, Domowicz M, Bonikowski R, Szemraj J, Przygodzka P, Stasiołek M, Lewkowicz P. Naturally Occurring Nervonic Acid Ester Improves Myelin Synthesis by Human Oligodendrocytes. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080786. [PMID: 31362382 PMCID: PMC6721595 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of oligodendrocytes (OLs) is regarded as one of the major causes of inefficient remyelination in multiple sclerosis, resulting gradually in disease progression. Oligodendrocytes are derived from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), which populate the adult central nervous system, but their physiological capability to myelin synthesis is limited. The low intake of essential lipids for sphingomyelin synthesis in the human diet may account for increased demyelination and the reduced efficiency of the remyelination process. In our study on lipid profiling in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis brain, we revealed that during acute inflammation, nervonic acid synthesis is silenced, which is the effect of shifting the lipid metabolism pathway of common substrates into proinflammatory arachidonic acid production. In the experiments on the human model of maturating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (hOPCs) in vitro, we demonstrated that fish oil mixture (FOM) affected the function of hOPCs, resulting in the improved synthesis of myelin basic protein, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, and proteolipid protein, as well as sphingomyelin. Additionally, FOM reduces proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and enhances fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis by hOPCs was also demonstrated. Based on these observations, we propose that the intake of FOM rich in the nervonic acid ester may improve OL function, affecting OPC maturation and limiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lewkowicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Piątek
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Namiecińska
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Domowicz
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Bonikowski
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Patrycja Przygodzka
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Stasiołek
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Lewkowicz
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
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27
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Wang R, Liu P, Fan J, Li L. Comparative transcriptome analysis two genotypes of Acer truncatum Bunge seeds reveals candidate genes that influences seed VLCFAs accumulation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15504. [PMID: 30341360 PMCID: PMC6195533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33999-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Acer truncatum Bunge is a particular widespread forest tree species in northern China. VLCFAs are important to eukaryotes survival and play diverse roles throughout the development. So far, there are reports that the Acer truncatum seeds fatty acid (FA) rich in VLCFAs, but little is known about the physiological mechanism responsible for the biosynthesis. A total of approximately 37.07 Gbp was generated, it was comprehensive enough to determine the majority of the regulation VLCFAs biosynthesis genes. The 97,053 different unigenes were assembled and identified, and large numbers of EST-SSRs were determined. The expression profiles of crucial genes (KCS, KCR, HCD and ECR) involved in VLCFAs elongation of fatty acids were also studied. To our knowledge, the present study provides the first comprehensive of the transcriptome of Acer truncatum seeds. This transcriptome dataset have been made publicly available NCBI, we believe that it may provide new resource for future high-throughput gene expression of Acer truncatum seeds growth and development and will provide theoretical basic information for improving the yield of VLCFAs, especially nervonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkai Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Pei Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jinshuan Fan
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lingli Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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28
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Zhang G, Zheng S, Feng Y, Shen G, Xiong S, Du H. Changes in Nutrient Profile and Antioxidant Activities of Different Fish Soups, Before and After Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081965. [PMID: 30082651 PMCID: PMC6222540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different kinds of freshwater fish soups show a diverse range of health functions, due to their different nutritional substances and corresponding bioactivities. In the current study, in order to learn the theoretical basis of the potential role fish soup plays in diet therapy functions, the changes of nutrient profiles and antioxidant activities in crucian carp soup and snakehead soup (before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion) were investigated, such as chemical composition, free amino acids, mineral and fatty acid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion chelating activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity and the reducing power effect. Results show that the content of mineral elements in snakehead fish soup was significantly higher than that of crucian carp soup, especially for the contents of Ca, Zn, Fe. The content of total amino acid (TAA) of crucian carp soup (82.51 mg/100 mL) was much higher than that of snakehead fish soup (47.54 mg/100 mL) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of crucian carp soup was stronger than that of snakehead soup. The intensive profiles of nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of these two kinds of fish soups were expected to partly provide the theoretical basis of therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaonan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shujian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yuqi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Guo Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shanbai Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hongying Du
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing, Wuhan 430070, China.
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29
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Xu F, Fan Y, Miao F, Hu GR, Sun J, Yang G, Li FL. Naphthylacetic Acid and Tea Polyphenol Application Promote Biomass and Lipid Production of Nervonic Acid-Producing Microalgae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:506. [PMID: 29731762 PMCID: PMC5920212 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mychonastes afer HSO-3-1 is a potential producer of nervonic acid, which could be accumulated to 2-3% of dry cell weight. Improving the productivity of nervonic acid is critical to promote the commercialization of this product. In this study, 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and tea polyphenol (TP) were selected as bioactive additives to stimulate the growth of M. afer. Supplementing NAA in the early growth stage and TP in the middle and late growth stage led to improved lipid accumulation in M. afer. The cultures supplemented with TP at the late growth stage maintained higher photosynthetic efficiency than the control groups without TP. Furthermore, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulations in M. afer supplemented with 500 mg/L of TP was 63% lower than the control group. A linear relationship (R2= 0.899) between the values of Fv/Fm and ROS accumulation was established. We hypothesize supplement of bioactive additives at different growth stage could promote the cell growth rate and nervonic acid productivity of M. afer by retrieving intracellular ROS level. Further analysis of photosynthetic system II (PSII) protein in M. afer cultured in presence of NAA and TP indicated the levels of D1 and D2 proteins, the core skeleton proteins of PSII, showed 33.3 and 25.6% higher than the control group. CP43 protein, a critical module in PSII repair cycle, decreased significantly. These implied that TP possesses the function of slowing down the damage of PSII by scavenging excess intracellular ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Forage Research and Development Center for Arable Region, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhong Miao
- Forage Research and Development Center for Arable Region, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guang-Rong Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Forage Research and Development Center for Arable Region, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guofeng Yang
- Forage Research and Development Center for Arable Region, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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