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Chen DQ, Han J, Liu H, Feng K, Li P. Targeting pyruvate kinase M2 for the treatment of kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1376252. [PMID: 38910890 PMCID: PMC11190346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1376252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis, is a cellular regulator that has received extensive attention and regards as a metabolic regulator of cellular metabolism and energy. Kidney is a highly metabolically active organ, and glycolysis is the important energy resource for kidney. The accumulated evidences indicates that the enzymatic activity of PKM2 is disturbed in kidney disease progression and treatment, especially diabetic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Modulating PKM2 post-translational modification determines its enzymatic activity and nuclear translocation that serves as an important interventional approach to regulate PKM2. Emerging evidences show that PKM2 and its post-translational modification participate in kidney disease progression and treatment through modulating metabolism regulation, podocyte injury, fibroblast activation and proliferation, macrophage polarization, and T cell regulation. Interestingly, PKM2 activators (TEPP-46, DASA-58, mitapivat, and TP-1454) and PKM2 inhibitors (shikonin, alkannin, compound 3k and compound 3h) have exhibited potential therapeutic property in kidney disease, which indicates the pleiotropic effects of PKM2 in kidney. In the future, the deep investigation of PKM2 pleiotropic effects in kidney is urgently needed to determine the therapeutic effect of PKM2 activator/inhibitor to benefit patients. The information in this review highlights that PKM2 functions as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Han
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xi’an Chang’an District Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Bailleul J, Ruan Y, Abdulrahman L, Scott AJ, Yazal T, Sung D, Park K, Hoang H, Nathaniel J, Chu FI, Palomera D, Sehgal A, Tsang JE, Nathanson DA, Xu S, Park JO, ten Hoeve J, Bhat K, Qi N, Kornblum HI, Schaue D, McBride WH, Lyssiotis CA, Wahl DR, Vlashi E. M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase rewires glucose metabolism during radiation therapy to promote an antioxidant response and glioblastoma radioresistance. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:1989-2000. [PMID: 37279645 PMCID: PMC10628945 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to existing therapies is a significant challenge in improving outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Metabolic plasticity has emerged as an important contributor to therapy resistance, including radiation therapy (RT). Here, we investigated how GBM cells reprogram their glucose metabolism in response to RT to promote radiation resistance. METHODS Effects of radiation on glucose metabolism of human GBM specimens were examined in vitro and in vivo with the use of metabolic and enzymatic assays, targeted metabolomics, and FDG-PET. Radiosensitization potential of interfering with M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) activity was tested via gliomasphere formation assays and in vivo human GBM models. RESULTS Here, we show that RT induces increased glucose utilization by GBM cells, and this is accompanied with translocation of GLUT3 transporters to the cell membrane. Irradiated GBM cells route glucose carbons through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to harness the antioxidant power of the PPP and support survival after radiation. This response is regulated in part by the PKM2. Activators of PKM2 can antagonize the radiation-induced rewiring of glucose metabolism and radiosensitize GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These findings open the possibility that interventions designed to target cancer-specific regulators of metabolic plasticity, such as PKM2, rather than specific metabolic pathways, have the potential to improve the radiotherapeutic outcomes in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Bailleul
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yangjingyi Ruan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lobna Abdulrahman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew J Scott
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Taha Yazal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David Sung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Keunseok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hanna Hoang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Juan Nathaniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fang-I Chu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daisy Palomera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anahita Sehgal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tsang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David A Nathanson
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shili Xu
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Junyoung O Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Johanna ten Hoeve
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kruttika Bhat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nathan Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Neuropsychiatric Institute–Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dorthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William H McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel R Wahl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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3
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Kendirli MT, Malek R, Silveira MB, Acosta C, Zhang S, Azevedo C, Nagy SC, Habte F, James ML, Recht LD, Beinat C. Development of [ 18F]DASA-10 for enhanced imaging of pyruvate kinase M2. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 124-125:108382. [PMID: 37634399 PMCID: PMC10843576 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for measuring pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) with improved physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties compared to [18F]DASA-23. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN First, we synthesized [18F]DASA-10 and tested its uptake and retention compared to [18F]DASA-23 in human and mouse glioma cell lines. We then confirmed the specificity of [18F]DASA-10 by transiently modulating the expression of PKM2 in DU145 and HeLa cells. Next, we determined [18F]DASA-10 pharmacokinetics in healthy nude mice using PET imaging and subsequently assessed the ability of [18F]DASA-10 versus [18F]DASA-23 to enable in vivo detection of intracranial gliomas in syngeneic C6 rat models of glioma. RESULTS [18F]DASA-10 demonstrated excellent cellular uptake and retention with values significantly higher than [18F]DASA-23 in all cell lines and timepoints investigated. [18F]DASA-10 showed a 73 % and 65 % reduced uptake respectively in DU145 and HeLa cells treated with PKM2 siRNA as compared to control siRNA treated cells. [18F]DASA-10 showed favorable biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties and a significantly improved tumor-to-brain ratio in rat C6 glioma models relative to [18F]DASA-23 (3.2 ± 0.8 versus 1.6 ± 0.3, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION [18F]DASA-10 is a new PET radiotracer for molecular imaging of PKM2 with potential to overcome the prior limitations observed with [18F]DASA-23. [18F]DASA-10 shows promise for clinical translation to enable imaging of brain malignancies owing to its low background signal in the healthy brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa T Kendirli
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Rim Malek
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Marina B Silveira
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Nuclear Technology Development Centre, National Nuclear Energy Commission, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Christopher Acosta
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Carmen Azevedo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Sydney C Nagy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Frezghi Habte
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Michelle L James
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Lawrence D Recht
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Corinne Beinat
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA.
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Meng Y, Sun J, Zhang G, Yu T, Piao H. Imaging glucose metabolism to reveal tumor progression. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1103354. [PMID: 36818450 PMCID: PMC9932271 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1103354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze and review the progress of glucose metabolism-based molecular imaging in detecting tumors to guide clinicians for new management strategies. Summary: When metabolic abnormalities occur, termed the Warburg effect, it simultaneously enables excessive cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis. Molecular imaging technology combines molecular biology and cell probe technology to visualize, characterize, and quantify processes at cellular and subcellular levels in vivo. Modern instruments, including molecular biochemistry, data processing, nanotechnology, and image processing, use molecular probes to perform real-time, non-invasive imaging of molecular and cellular events in living organisms. Conclusion: Molecular imaging is a non-invasive method for live detection, dynamic observation, and quantitative assessment of tumor glucose metabolism. It enables in-depth examination of the connection between the tumor microenvironment and tumor growth, providing a reliable assessment technique for scientific and clinical research. This new technique will facilitate the translation of fundamental research into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Meng
- Central Laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Central Laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Tao Yu, ; Haozhe Piao,
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Tao Yu, ; Haozhe Piao,
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Seo JW, Ajenjo J, Wu B, Robinson E, Raie MN, Wang J, Tumbale SK, Buccino P, Anders DA, Shen B, Habte FG, Beinat C, James ML, Reyes ST, Ravindra Kumar S, Miles TF, Lee JT, Gradinaru V, Ferrara KW. Multimodal imaging of capsid and cargo reveals differential brain targeting and liver detargeting of systemically-administered AAVs. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121701. [PMID: 35985893 PMCID: PMC9621732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of gene delivery vehicles with high organ specificity when administered systemically is a critical goal for gene therapy. We combine optical and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 1) reporter genes and 2) capsid tags to assess the temporal and spatial distribution and transduction of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs). AAV9 and two engineered AAV vectors (PHP.eB and CAP-B10) that are noteworthy for maximizing blood-brain barrier transport were compared. CAP-B10 shares a modification in the 588 loop with PHP.eB, but also has a modification in the 455 loop, added with the goal of reducing off-target transduction. PET and optical imaging revealed that the additional modifications retained brain receptor affinity. In the liver, the accumulation of AAV9 and the engineered AAV capsids was similar (∼15% of the injected dose per cc and not significantly different between capsids at 21 h). However, the engineered capsids were primarily internalized by Kupffer cells rather than hepatocytes, and liver transduction was greatly reduced. PET reporter gene imaging after engineered AAV systemic injection provided a non-invasive method to monitor AAV-mediated protein expression over time. Through comparison with capsid tagging, differences between brain localization and transduction were revealed. In summary, AAV capsids bearing imaging tags and reporter gene payloads create a unique and powerful platform to assay the pharmacokinetics, cellular specificity and protein expression kinetics of AAV vectors in vivo, a key enabler for the field of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Woong Seo
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Javier Ajenjo
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bo Wu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elise Robinson
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina Nura Raie
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James Wang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Spencer K Tumbale
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Buccino
- Stanford Cyclotron & Radiochemistry Facility (CRF), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Alexander Anders
- Stanford Cyclotron & Radiochemistry Facility (CRF), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bin Shen
- Stanford Cyclotron & Radiochemistry Facility (CRF), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Frezghi G Habte
- Stanford Center for Innovation in In vivo Imaging (SCi3), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corinne Beinat
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L James
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Taylor Reyes
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sripriya Ravindra Kumar
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Timothy F Miles
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jason T Lee
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Katherine W Ferrara
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Beinat C, Patel CB, Haywood T, Murty S, Naya L, Castillo JB, Reyes ST, Phillips M, Buccino P, Shen B, Park JH, Koran MEI, Alam IS, James ML, Holley D, Halbert K, Gandhi H, He JQ, Granucci M, Johnson E, Liu DD, Uchida N, Sinha R, Chu P, Born DE, Warnock GI, Weissman I, Hayden-Gephart M, Khalighi M, Massoud TF, Iagaru A, Davidzon G, Thomas R, Nagpal S, Recht LD, Gambhir SS. A Clinical PET Imaging Tracer ([ 18F]DASA-23) to Monitor Pyruvate Kinase M2-Induced Glycolytic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6467-6478. [PMID: 34475101 PMCID: PMC8639752 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, a key process of cancer metabolism. PKM2 is preferentially expressed by glioblastoma (GBM) cells with minimal expression in healthy brain. We describe the development, validation, and translation of a novel PET tracer to study PKM2 in GBM. We evaluated 1-((2-fluoro-6-[18F]fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([18F]DASA-23) in cell culture, mouse models of GBM, healthy human volunteers, and patients with GBM. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN [18F]DASA-23 was synthesized with a molar activity of 100.47 ± 29.58 GBq/μmol and radiochemical purity >95%. We performed initial testing of [18F]DASA-23 in GBM cell culture and human GBM xenografts implanted orthotopically into mice. Next, we produced [18F]DASA-23 under FDA oversight, and evaluated it in healthy volunteers and a pilot cohort of patients with glioma. RESULTS In mouse imaging studies, [18F]DASA-23 clearly delineated the U87 GBM from surrounding healthy brain tissue and had a tumor-to-brain ratio of 3.6 ± 0.5. In human volunteers, [18F]DASA-23 crossed the intact blood-brain barrier and was rapidly cleared. In patients with GBM, [18F]DASA-23 successfully outlined tumors visible on contrast-enhanced MRI. The uptake of [18F]DASA-23 was markedly elevated in GBMs compared with normal brain, and it identified a metabolic nonresponder within 1 week of treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS We developed and translated [18F]DASA-23 as a new tracer that demonstrated the visualization of aberrantly expressed PKM2 for the first time in human subjects. These results warrant further clinical evaluation of [18F]DASA-23 to assess its utility for imaging therapy-induced normalization of aberrant cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Beinat
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Chirag B Patel
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tom Haywood
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Surya Murty
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lewis Naya
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jessa B Castillo
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Samantha T Reyes
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Megan Phillips
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pablo Buccino
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jun Hyung Park
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mary Ellen I Koran
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Israt S Alam
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michelle L James
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dawn Holley
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kim Halbert
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Harsh Gandhi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Joy Q He
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Monica Granucci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Eli Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel Dan Liu
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Nobuko Uchida
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pauline Chu
- Stanford Human Research Histology Core, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Donald E Born
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Irving Weissman
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Melanie Hayden-Gephart
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mehdi Khalighi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Guido Davidzon
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Reena Thomas
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Seema Nagpal
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lawrence D Recht
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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7
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Laudicella R, Quartuccio N, Argiroffi G, Alongi P, Baratto L, Califaretti E, Frantellizzi V, De Vincentis G, Del Sole A, Evangelista L, Baldari S, Bisdas S, Ceci F, Iagaru A. Unconventional non-amino acidic PET radiotracers for molecular imaging in gliomas. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:3925-3939. [PMID: 33851243 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this review was to explore the potential clinical application of unconventional non-amino acid PET radiopharmaceuticals in patients with gliomas. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was used based on SCOPUS and PubMed databases using the following string: ("perfusion" OR "angiogenesis" OR "hypoxia" OR "neuroinflammation" OR proliferation OR invasiveness) AND ("brain tumor" OR "glioma") AND ("Positron Emission Tomography" OR PET). From all studies published in English, the most relevant articles were selected for this review, evaluating the mostly used PET radiopharmaceuticals in research centers, beyond amino acid radiotracers and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG), for the assessment of different biological features, such as perfusion, angiogenesis, hypoxia, neuroinflammation, cell proliferation, tumor invasiveness, and other biological characteristics in patients with glioma. RESULTS At present, the use of non-amino acid PET radiopharmaceuticals specifically designed to assess perfusion, angiogenesis, hypoxia, neuroinflammation, cell proliferation, tumor invasiveness, and other biological features in glioma is still limited. CONCLUSION The use of investigational PET radiopharmaceuticals should be further explored considering their promising potential and studies specifically designed to validate these preliminary findings are needed. In the clinical scenario, advancements in the development of new PET radiopharmaceuticals and new imaging technologies (e.g., PET/MR and the application of the artificial intelligence to medical images) might contribute to improve the clinical translation of these novel radiotracers in the assessment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Laudicella
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - N Quartuccio
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Ospedali Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Argiroffi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - P Alongi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit,, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Ct. da Pietra Pollastra-pisciotto, Cefalù, Italy
| | - L Baratto
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - E Califaretti
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - V Frantellizzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G De Vincentis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, Sapienza, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Del Sole
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Evangelista
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - S Baldari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Bisdas
- Department of Neuroradiology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Ceci
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Patel CB, Beinat C, Xie Y, Chang E, Gambhir SS. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) impairs aberrant glycolysis in glioblastoma as evaluated by [ 18F]DASA-23, a non-invasive probe of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression. Neoplasia 2021; 23:58-67. [PMID: 33221711 PMCID: PMC7689378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite the anti-proliferative and survival benefits from tumor treating fields (TTFields) in human glioblastoma (hGBM), little is known about the effects of this form of alternating electric fields therapy on the aberrant glycolysis of hGBM. [18F]FDG is the most common radiotracer in cancer metabolic imaging, but its utility in hGBM is impaired due to high glucose uptake in normal brain tissue. With TTFields, radiochemistry, Western blot, and immunofluorescence microscopy, we identified pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) as a biomarker of hGBM response to therapeutic TTFields. We used [18F]DASA-23, a novel radiotracer that measures PKM2 expression and which has been shown to be safe in humans, to detect a shift away from hGBM aberrant glycolysis in response to TTFields. Compared to unexposed hGBM, [18F]DASA-23 uptake was reduced in hGBM exposed to TTFields (53%, P< 0.05) or temozolomide chemotherapy (33%, P > 0.05) for 3 d. A 6-d TTFields exposure resulted in a 31% reduction (P = 0.043) in 60-min uptake of [18F]DASA-23. [18F]DASA-23 was retained after a 10 but not 30-min wash-out period. Compared to [18F]FDG, [18F]DASA-23 demonstrated a 4- to 9-fold greater uptake, implying an improved tumor-to-background ratio. Furthermore, compared to no-TTFields exposure, a 6-d TTFields exposure caused a 35% reduction in [18F]DASA-23 30-min uptake compared to only an 8% reduction in [18F]FDG 30-min uptake. Quantitative Western blot analysis and qualitative immunofluorescence for PKM2 confirmed the TTFields-induced reduction in PKM2 expression. This is the first study to demonstrate that TTFields impairs hGBM aberrant glycolytic metabolism through reduced PKM2 expression, which can be non-invasively detected by the [18F]DASA-23 radiotracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag B Patel
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Adult Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Corinne Beinat
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yuanyang Xie
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edwin Chang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sanjiv S Gambhir
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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