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Bath MF, Hobbs L, Kohler K, Kuhn I, Nabulyato W, Kwizera A, Walker LE, Wilkins T, Stubbs D, Burnstein RM, Kolias A, Hutchinson PJ, Clarkson PJ, Halimah S, Bashford T. Does the implementation of a trauma system affect injury-related morbidity and economic outcomes? A systematic review. Emerg Med J 2024; 41:409-414. [PMID: 38388191 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2023-213782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma accounts for a huge burden of disease worldwide. Trauma systems have been implemented in multiple countries across the globe, aiming to link and optimise multiple aspects of the trauma care pathway, and while they have been shown to reduce overall mortality, much less is known about their cost-effectiveness and impact on morbidity. METHODS We performed a systematic review to explore the impact the implementation of a trauma system has on morbidity, quality of life and economic outcomes, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All comparator study types published since 2000 were included, both retrospective and prospective in nature, and no limits were placed on language. Data were reported as a narrative review. RESULTS Seven articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria, all of which reported a pre-trauma and post-trauma system implementation comparison in high-income settings. The overall study quality was poor, with all studies demonstrating a severe risk of bias. Five studies reported across multiple types of trauma patients, the majority describing a positive impact across a variety of morbidity and health economic outcomes following trauma system implementation. Two studies focused specifically on traumatic brain injury and did not demonstrate any impact on morbidity outcomes. DISCUSSION There is currently limited and poor quality evidence that assesses the impact that trauma systems have on morbidity, quality of life and economic outcomes. While trauma systems have a fundamental role to play in high-quality trauma care, morbidity and disability data can have large economic and cultural consequences, even if mortality rates have improved. The sociocultural and political context of the surrounding healthcare infrastructure must be better understood before implementing any trauma system, particularly in resource-poor and fragile settings. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022348529 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Bath
- International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Hobbs
- International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Anaesthesia, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
| | - Katharina Kohler
- International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Perioperative, Acute, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isla Kuhn
- University of Cambridge Medical Library, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - William Nabulyato
- International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arthur Kwizera
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Laura E Walker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tom Wilkins
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Stubbs
- Department of Perioperative, Acute, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R M Burnstein
- Department of Perioperative, Acute, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angelos Kolias
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter John Hutchinson
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P John Clarkson
- International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Public Health Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Halimah
- Trauma Operational Advisory Team, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tom Bashford
- International Health Systems Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Perioperative, Acute, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Public Health Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Isaac CJ, Moore L, Bérubé M, Belzile É, Malo C, Giroux M, Belcaid A, Abiala G, Trépanier D, Émond M, Dionne CE. Predictors of adverse outcomes in elders hospitalised for isolated orthopaedic trauma: a multicentre cohort study. Emerg Med J 2024; 41:168-175. [PMID: 38233107 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2023-213088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients >64 years of age now represent more than 51% of injury hospitalisations in Canada. The tools used to identify older patients who could benefit the most from an interdisciplinary approach include complex parameters difficult to collect in the ED, which suggests that better tools with higher accuracy and using items that can be derived from routinely collected data are needed. We aimed to identify variables that are associated with adverse outcomes in older patients admitted to a trauma centre for an isolated orthopaedic injury. METHODS We conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study between 1 April 2013 and 31 March 2019 on older patients hospitalised with a primary diagnosis of isolated orthopaedic injury (n=19 928). Data were extracted from the provincial trauma registry (Registre des traumatismes du Québec). We used multilevel logistic regression to estimate the associations between potential predictors and adverse outcomes (extended length of stay, mortality, complications, unplanned readmission and adverse discharge destination). RESULTS Increasing age, male sex, specific comorbidities, type of orthopaedic injuries, increasing number of comorbidities, severe orthopaedic injury, head injuries and admission in the year before the injury were all significant predictors of adverse outcomes. CONCLUSION We identified eight predictors of adverse outcomes in patients >64 years of age admitted to a trauma centre for orthopaedic injury. These variables could eventually be used to develop a clinical decision rule to identify elders who may benefit the most from interdisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chartelin Jean Isaac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Lynne Moore
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Bérubé
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Étienne Belzile
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Malo
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marianne Giroux
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Amina Belcaid
- Institut National d'Excellence en Santé et en Services Sociaux du Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Godwill Abiala
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institut National d'Excellence en Santé et en Services Sociaux du Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - David Trépanier
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marcel Émond
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Clermont E Dionne
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Beaudoin M, Belzile EL, Gélinas C, Trépanier D, Émond M, Gagnon MA, Bérubé M. Level of implementation of pain management and early mobilization strategies to prevent delirium in geriatric trauma patients: A mixed-methods study. Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs 2024; 52:101050. [PMID: 37848364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijotn.2023.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain management and early mobilization strategies are recommended in clinical practice guidelines for the prevention of delirium in older adults. However, available data on the implementation of these strategies in trauma are limited. AIMS To describe the use of pain management and early mobilization strategies in older adults at a level I trauma center, as well as the facilitators and barriers to their implementation. METHODS A convergent mixed methods study was used. Quantitative data were collected from sixty medical records. Qualitative data was collected through a focus group with healthcare providers to explore their perspectives regarding the use of the target practices and on barriers and facilitators to their implementation. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and a thematic analysis using an inductive and deductive interpretative descriptive approach was undertaken. RESULTS A question on the presence/absence of pain was the most frequently documented pain assessment method. Pain assessment was poorly documented. Frequencies of non-opioid and opioid administrations were similar, but non-pharmacological strategies were not widely used. The first mobilization was performed quickly and was most commonly to a chair. The focus group discussion confirmed many of the data collected in the medical records. Barriers to implementing the targeted strategies were primarily related to organizational context and facilitation processes. CONCLUSIONS Areas for improvement were identified including pain assessment, the use of non-pharmacological pain management strategies and ambulation as a mobilization strategy. Our findings will serve as a starting point for optimizing and adapting practices for geriatric trauma patients and evaluating their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Beaudoin
- Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Research Center of the CHU of Quebec- Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Quebec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | - Etienne L Belzile
- Research Center of the CHU of Quebec- Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHU de Quebec- Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Céline Gélinas
- Quebec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Centre for Nursing Research and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital - CIUSSS West-Central-Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Trépanier
- Department of Emergency and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marcel Émond
- Research Center of the CHU of Quebec- Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Department of Emergency and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Aurèle Gagnon
- Research Center of the CHU of Quebec- Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Laval University Research Center (Enfant-Jesus Hospital), Quebec City, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Bérubé
- Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Research Center of the CHU of Quebec- Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Quebec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Laval University Research Center (Enfant-Jesus Hospital), Quebec City, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Owen HE, Wyeth EH, Maclennan B, Barson D, McBride P, Gabbe BJ, Civil I, Derrett S. Cohort profile: The Trauma Outcomes Project, a prospective study of New Zealanders experiencing major trauma. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075480. [PMID: 38011969 PMCID: PMC10685924 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are useful for trauma registries interested in monitoring patient outcomes and trauma care quality. PROMs had not previously been collected by the New Zealand Trauma Registry (NZTR). More than 2500 New Zealanders are admitted to hospital for major trauma annually. The Trauma Outcomes Project (TOP) collected PROMs postinjury from three of New Zealand's (NZ's) major trauma regions. This cohort profile paper aims to provide a thorough description of preinjury and 6 month postinjury characteristics of the TOP cohort, including specifically for Māori (Indigenous population in Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu/NZ). PARTICIPANTS Between July 2019 and June 2020, 2533 NZ trauma patients were admitted to one of 22 hospitals nationwide for major trauma and included on the NZTR. TOP invited trauma patients (aged ≥16 years) to be interviewed from three regions; one region (Midlands) declined to participate. Interviews included questions about health-related quality of life, disability, injury recovery, healthcare access and household income adequacy. FINDINGS TO DATE TOP recruited 870 participants, including 119 Māori. At 6 months postinjury, most (85%) reported that the injury still affected them, 88% reported problems with≥1 of five EQ-5D-5L dimensions (eg, 75% reported problems with pain or discomfort, 71% reported problems with usual activities and 52% reported problems with mobility). Considerable disability (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, WHODAS II, score ≥10) was reported by 45% of participants. The prevalence of disability among Māori participants was 53%; for non-Māori it was 44%. Over a quarter of participants (28%) reported trouble accessing healthcare services for their injury. Participation in paid work decreased from 63% preinjury to 45% 6 months postinjury. FUTURE PLANS The 12 and 24 month postinjury data collection has recently been completed; analyses of 12 month outcomes are underway. There is potential for longer-term follow-up interviews with the existing cohort in future. TOP findings are intended to inform the National Trauma Network's quality improvement processes. TOP will identify key aspects that aid in improving postinjury outcomes for people experiencing serious injury, including importantly for Māori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Owen
- Ngāi Tahu Māori Health Research Unit, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Emma H Wyeth
- Ngāi Tahu Māori Health Research Unit, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Brett Maclennan
- Ngāi Tahu Māori Health Research Unit, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Barson
- Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paul McBride
- New Zealand Health Quality and Safety Commission, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Civil
- New Zealand National Trauma Network, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Derrett
- Ngāi Tahu Māori Health Research Unit, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Kwon J, Lee M, Kim Y, Moon J, Huh Y, Song S, Kim S, Ko JI, Jung K. Trauma system establishment and outcome improvement: a retrospective national cohort study in South Korea. Int J Surg 2023; 109:2293-2302. [PMID: 37204433 PMCID: PMC10442102 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma is a major cause of mortality, disability, and health care costs worldwide. The establishment of a trauma system is known to solve these problems, but few studies have objectively evaluated the impact of a trauma system on outcomes. Since 2012, South Korea has established a national trauma system based on the implementation of 17 regional trauma centers nationwide and the improvement of the prehospital transfer system. This study aimed to measure the changes in performance and outcome according to the established national trauma system. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this national cohort-based, retrospective follow-up observational study, the authors calculated the preventable trauma death rate (PTDR) by conducting a multipanel review of patients who died in 2015, 2017, and 2019. Furthermore, the authors constructed a risk-adjusted mortality prediction model of 4 767 876 patients between 2015 and 2019 using the extended-International Classification of Disease Injury Severity Scores to compare outcomes. RESULTS The PTDR was lower in 2019 than in 2015 (15.7 vs. 30.5, P <0.001) and 2017 (15.7 vs. 19.9%, P <0.001) representing 1247 additional lives saved in 2019 compared to that in 2015. In the risk-adjusted model, total trauma mortality was highest in 2015 at 0.56%, followed by that in 2016 and 2017 (0.50%), 2018 (0.51%), and 2019 (0.48%), revealing a significant decrease in mortality over the years ( P <0.001 for trend), representing nearly 800 additional lives saved. The number of deaths for more severe patients with a probability of survival less than 0.25 significantly decreased from 81.50% in 2015 to 66.17% in 2019 ( P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The authors observed a significant reduction in the PTDR and risk-adjusted trauma mortality in the 5-year follow-up since 2015 when the national trauma system was established. These findings could serve as a model for low-income and middle-income countries, where trauma systems are not yet established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsik Kwon
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine
- Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi South Regional Trauma Center, Suwon
| | - Myeonggyun Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Yoon Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Jonghwan Moon
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine
- Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi South Regional Trauma Center, Suwon
| | - Yo Huh
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine
- Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi South Regional Trauma Center, Suwon
| | - Seoyoung Song
- Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi South Regional Trauma Center, Suwon
| | - Sora Kim
- Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi South Regional Trauma Center, Suwon
| | - Jung-in Ko
- Department of Emergency Medicine
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Jung
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine
- Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi South Regional Trauma Center, Suwon
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Surgical stabilization of critical abdominal injuries in a mature rural trauma system: A retrospective study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 94:248-257. [PMID: 36694334 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worse outcomes following injuries are more likely in rural versus urban areas. In 2001, our state established an inclusive trauma system to improve mortality. In 2015, the trauma system had a consultation visit from the American College of Surgeons' Committee on Trauma, who made several recommendations. We hypothesized that continued maturation of this system would lead to more laparotomies prior to transfer to a higher level of care and better outcomes. METHODS Our trauma registry was queried to identify all patients transferred between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020, who underwent laparotomy either before transfer or within 4 hours of arrival. The preconsultation (2010-2015) and postconsultation periods (2016-2020) were compared. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests, respectively. RESULTS We included 213 patients; 63 had laparotomy before transfer and 150 within 4 hours after transfer. Age, injury severity scores, systolic blood pressure, and mechanism of injury were not different between periods. Proportions of laparotomy before and after transfer and outcomes (mortality, hospital length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, ventilator days) were also similar (p = 0.368 for laparotomy, p = 0.840, 0.124, 0.286, 0.822 for outcomes). Compared with the preconsultation period, the proportion of laparotomy performed before transfer for severe injuries (abdominal Abbreviated Injury Scale score >3) significantly increased postconsultation (57.1% vs. 30.6%, p = 0.011). Incidence of damage-control laparotomies (43.9% vs. 23.6%; p = 0.020) and transfusion of plasma and platelets (33.6% vs. 13.2%; p < 0.001, 22.4% vs. 8.5%, p = 0.007, respectively) significantly increased. CONCLUSION Identification and surgical stabilization of critical patients at the non-Level I facilities prior to transfer, as well as blood product use and damage-control techniques, improved postconsultation, suggesting a shift in the approaches to surgical stabilization and resuscitation efforts in our trauma system. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
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Bath MF, Kohler K, Hobbs L, Kuhn I, Nabulyato WM, Kwizera A, Walker LE, Wilkins T, Stubbs D, Halimah S, Burnstein R, Kolias AG, Hutchinson P, Clarkson J, Bashford T. The Impact of Trauma System Implementation on Patient Quality of Life and Economic Burden: A Systematic Review Study Protocol. Int J Surg Protoc 2023; 27:84-89. [PMID: 36875324 PMCID: PMC9983497 DOI: 10.29337/ijsp.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trauma accounts for 10% of global mortality, with increasing rates disproportionally affecting low- and middle-income countries. In an attempt to improve clinical outcomes after injury, trauma systems have been implemented in multiple countries over recent years. However, whilst many studies have subsequently demonstrated improvements in overall mortality outcomes, less is known about the impact trauma systems have on morbidity, quality of life, and economic burden. This systematic review seeks to assess the existing evidence base for trauma systems with these outcome measures. Methods This review will include any study that assesses the impact implementation of a trauma system has on patient morbidity, quality of life, or economic burden. Any comparator study, including cohort, case-control, and randomised controlled studies, will be included, both retrospective or prospective in nature. Studies conducted from any region in the world and involving any age of patient will be included. We will collect data on any morbidity outcomes, health-related quality of life measures, or health economic assessments reported. We predict a high heterogeneity in these outcomes used and will therefore keep inclusion criteria broad. Discussion Previous reviews have shown the significant improvements that can be achieved in mortality outcomes with the implementation of an organised trauma system, however the wider impact they can have on morbidity outcomes, quality of life measures, and the economic burden of trauma, is less well described. This systematic review will present all available data on these outcomes, helping to better characterise both the societal and economic impact of trauma system implementation. Highlights Trauma systems are known to improve mortality rates, however less in known on the impact they have on morbidity outcomes, quality of life, and economic burdenWe aim to perform a systematic review to identify any comparator study that assesses the impact implementation of a trauma system on these outcomesUnderstanding the impact trauma systems can have on wider parameters, such as economic and quality of life outcomes, is crucial to allow governments globally to appropriately allocate often limited healthcare resources.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022348529.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Bath
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katharina Kohler
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Hobbs
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,World Health Organisation Trauma Operational and Advisory team, UK
| | - Isla Kuhn
- University of Cambridge Medical Library, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - William M Nabulyato
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arthur Kwizera
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Laura E Walker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tom Wilkins
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Stubbs
- Department of Perioperative, Acute, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Halimah
- World Health Organisation Trauma Operational and Advisory team, UK
| | - Rowan Burnstein
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angelos G Kolias
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Division of Academic Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Hutchinson
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Clarkson
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Bashford
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, Department of Engineering & Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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International Perspectives of Prehospital and Hospital Trauma Services: A Literature Review. TRAUMA CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/traumacare2030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that reductions in the incidence in trauma observed in some countries are related to interventions including legislation around road and vehicle safety measures, public behaviour change campaigns, and changes in trauma response systems. This study aims to briefly review recent refereed and grey literature about prehospital and hospital trauma care services in different regions around the world and describe similarities and differences in identified systems to demonstrate the diversity of characteristics present. Methods: Articles published between 2000 and 2020 were retrieved from MEDLINE and EMBASE. Since detailed comparable information was lacking in the published literature, prehospital emergency service providers’ annual performance reports from selected example countries or regions were reviewed to obtain additional information about the performance of prehospital care. Results: The review retained 34 studies from refereed literature related to trauma systems in different regions. In the U.S. and Canada, the trauma care facilities consisted of five different levels of trauma centres ranging from Level I to Level IV and Level I to Level V, respectively. Hospital care and organisation in Japan is different from the U.S. model, with no dedicated trauma centres; however, patients with severe injury are transported to university hospitals’ emergency departments. Other similarities and differences in regional examples were observed. Conclusions: The refereed literature was dominated by research from developed countries such as Australia, Canada, and the U.S., which all have organised trauma systems. Many European countries have implemented trauma systems between the 1990s and 2000s; however, some countries, such as France and Greece, are still forming an integrated system. This review aims to encourage countries with immature trauma systems to consider the similarities and differences in approaches of other countries to implementing a trauma system.
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van Maarseveen OEC, Ham WHW, van Cruchten S, Duhoky R, Leenen LPH. Evaluation of validity and reliability of video analysis and live observations to assess trauma team performance. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2022; 48:4797-4803. [PMID: 35817942 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-022-02004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A trauma resuscitation is dynamic and complex process in which failures could lead to serious adverse events. In several trauma centers, evaluation of trauma resuscitation is part of a hospital's quality assessment program. While video analysis is commonly used, some hospitals use live observations, mainly due to ethical and medicolegal concerns. The aim of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of video analysis and live observations to evaluate trauma resuscitations. METHODS In this prospective observational study, validity was assessed by comparing the observed adherence to 28 advanced trauma life support (ATLS) guideline related tasks by video analysis to life observations. Interobserver reliability was assessed by calculating the intra class coefficient of observed ATLS related tasks by live observations and video analysis. RESULTS Eleven simulated and thirteen real-life resuscitations were assessed. Overall, the percentage of observed ATLS related tasks performed during simulated resuscitations was 10.4% (P < 0.001) higher when the same resuscitations were analysed using video compared to live observations. During real-life resuscitations, 8.7% (p < 0.001) more ATLS related tasks were observed using video review compared to live observations. In absolute terms, a mean of 2.9 (during simulated resuscitations) respectively 2.5 (during actual resuscitations) ATLS-related tasks per resuscitation were not identified using live observers, that were observed through video analysis. The interobserver variability for observed ATLS related tasks was significantly higher using video analysis compared to live observations for both simulated (video analysis: ICC 0.97; 95% CI 0.97-0.98 vs. live observation: ICC 0.69; 95% CI 0.57-0.78) and real-life witnessed resuscitations (video analyse 0.99; 95% CI 0.99-1.00 vs live observers 0.86; 95% CI 0.83-0.89). CONCLUSION Video analysis of trauma resuscitations may be more valid and reliable compared to evaluation by live observers. These outcomes may guide the debate to justify video review instead of live observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar E C van Maarseveen
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Wietske H W Ham
- Emergency Department, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Nursing Studies, University of Applied Science, Heidelberglaan 7, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn van Cruchten
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rauand Duhoky
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Emergency Department, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luke P H Leenen
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Moore L, Bérubé M, Tardif PA, Lauzier F, Turgeon A, Cameron P, Champion H, Yanchar N, Lecky F, Kortbeek J, Evans D, Mercier É, Archambault P, Lamontagne F, Gabbe B, Paquet J, Razek T, Stelfox HT. Quality Indicators Targeting Low-Value Clinical Practices in Trauma Care. JAMA Surg 2022; 157:507-514. [PMID: 35476055 PMCID: PMC9047751 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Importance The use of quality indicators has been shown to improve injury care processes and outcomes. However, trauma quality indicators proposed to date exclusively target the underuse of recommended practices. Initiatives such as Choosing Wisely publish lists of practices to be questioned, but few apply to trauma care, and most have not successfully been translated to quality indicators. Objective To develop a set of evidence and patient-informed, consensus-based quality indicators targeting reductions in low-value clinical practices in acute, in-hospital trauma care. Design, Setting, and Participants This 2-round Research and Development/University of California at Los Angeles (RAND/UCLA) consensus study, conducted from April 20 to June 9, 2021, comprised an online questionnaire and a virtual workshop led by 2 independent moderators. Two panels of international experts from Canada, Australia, the US, and the UK, and local stakeholders from Québec, Canada, represented key clinical expertise involved in trauma care and included 3 patient partners. Main Outcomes and Measures Panelists were asked to rate 50 practices on a 7-point Likert scale according to 4 quality indicator criteria: importance, supporting evidence, actionability, and measurability. Results Of 49 eligible experts approached, 46 (94%; 18 experts [39%] aged ≥50 years; 37 men [80%]) completed at least 1 round and 36 (73%) completed both rounds. Eleven quality indicators were selected overall, 2 more were selected by the international panel and a further 3 by the local stakeholder panel. Selected indicators targeted low-value clinical practices in the following aspects of trauma care: (1) initial diagnostic imaging (head, cervical spine, ankle, and pelvis), (2) repeated diagnostic imaging (posttransfer computed tomography [CT] and repeated head CT), (3) consultation (neurosurgical and spine), (4) surgery (penetrating neck injury), (5) blood product administration, (6) medication (antibiotic prophylaxis and late seizure prophylaxis), (7) trauma service admission (blunt abdominal trauma), (8) intensive care unit admission (mild complicated traumatic brain injury), and (9) routine blood work (minor orthopedic surgery). Conclusions and Relevance In this consensus study, a set of consensus-based quality indicators were developed that were informed by the best available evidence and patient priorities, targeting low-value trauma care. Selected indicators represented a trauma-specific list of practices, the use of which should be questioned. Trauma quality programs in high-income countries may use these study results as a basis to select context-specific quality indicators to measure and reduce low-value care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Moore
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Bérubé
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Pier-Alexandre Tardif
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - François Lauzier
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexis Turgeon
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter Cameron
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Howard Champion
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Natalie Yanchar
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Fiona Lecky
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Trauma Audit and Research Network, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - John Kortbeek
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - David Evans
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Éric Mercier
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Archambault
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Transfert des Connaissances et Évaluation des Technologies et Modes d'Intervention en Santé, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval (Hôpital St François d'Assise), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - François Lamontagne
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Belinda Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jérôme Paquet
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Tarek Razek
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Henry Thomas Stelfox
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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11
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Exploring Factors That Influence Injured Patients’ Outcomes following Road Traffic Crashes: A Multi-Site Feasibility Study. TRAUMA CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/traumacare2010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Injuries arising from Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) are a major health problem in Saudi Arabia (SA). The purpose of the study was to determine the feasibility of conducting a multi-center research study to explore factors that influence the mortality of RTC-related trauma patients in SA. Methods: A multi-center observational study was undertaken involving both prospective and retrospective data collected from three hospitals. In-hospital patient mortality thirty days post-crash was the primary outcome variable. The feasibility of the study methods including the quality of data were evaluated and pilot results pertaining to factors predicting mortality were examined. Results: The overall mortality rate (n = 572 RTC victims) was (7.5%). A logistic regression model identified four independent predictors of mortality following an RTC: treatment at a non-trauma center-based hospital, SBP ≤ 90 mmHg, GCS ≤ 8, and ISS ≥ 20. With respect to the assessment of the study method’s feasibility, missing data was problematic, especially for variables pertaining to crash characteristics and prehospital care. Conclusions: Collecting multi-center injury data in SA has logistic challenges, predominantly associated with the comparability and completeness of data sets as well as the need for manual screening and data collection at some institutions. Despite these limitations, this study has demonstrated the feasibility of a method that could be utilized in further large nationwide studies to understand and examine the factors that influence injured patients’ outcomes following RTCs.
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12
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Jung K, Kwon J, Huh Y, Moon J, Hwang K, Cho HM, Kim JH, Park CI, Yun JH, Kim OH, Lee KJ, Kim S, Lim B, Kim Y. National trauma system establishment based on implementation of regional trauma centers improves outcomes of trauma care: A follow-up observational study in South Korea. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000162. [PMID: 36962235 PMCID: PMC10021375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although South Korea is a high-income country, its trauma system is comparable to low- and middle-income countries with high preventable trauma death rates of more than 30%. Since 2012, South Korea has established a national trauma system based on the implementation of regional trauma centers and improvement of the transfer system; this study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness. We compared the national preventable trauma death rates, transfer patterns, and outcomes between 2015 and 2017. The review of preventable trauma deaths was conducted by multiple panels, and a severity-adjusted logistic regression model was created to identify factors influencing the preventable trauma death rate. We also compared the number of trauma patients transferred to emergency medical institutions and mortality in models adjusted with injury severity scores. The preventable trauma death rate decreased from 2015 to 2017 (30.5% vs. 19.9%, p < 0.001). In the severity-adjusted model, the preventable trauma death risk had a lower odds ratio (0.68, 95% confidence interval: 0.53-0.87, p = 0.002) in 2017 than in 2015. Regional trauma centers received 1.6 times more severe cases in 2017 (according to the International Classification of Diseases Injury Severity Score [ICISS]; 23.1% vs. 36.5%). In the extended ICISS model, the overall trauma mortality decreased significantly from 2.1% (1008/47 806) to 1.9% (1062/55 057) (p = 0.041). The establishment of the national trauma system was associated with significant improvements in the performance and outcomes of trauma care. This was mainly because of the implementation of regional trauma centers and because more severe patients were transferred to regional trauma centers. This study might be a good model for low- and middle-income countries, which lack a trauma system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungwon Jung
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Junsik Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yo Huh
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jonghwan Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyungjin Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Jeju Regional Trauma Center, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jae Hun Kim
- Department of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Chan Ik Park
- Department of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Yun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheon-an, South Korea
| | - Oh Hyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Won-ju, South Korea
| | - Kee-Jae Lee
- Department of Information and Statistics, Korea National Open University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunworl Kim
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center (NMC), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Borami Lim
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center (NMC), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Sharwood LN, Kifley A, Craig A, Gopinath B, Jagnoor J, Cameron ID. Comparison of physical and psychological health outcomes for motorcyclists and other road users after land transport crashes: an inception cohort study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1983. [PMID: 34727891 PMCID: PMC8565041 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serious injuries and fatalities among vulnerable road users on two wheeled motorised vehicles have increased across Australia and internationally in the past decade yet fallen for motor vehicle occupants. Almost half of all reported motorcycle injury crashes cause serious injury or death, nearly double that of motor vehicle police-reported crashes. This study explores associations with sociodemographic and pre-injury health characteristics and health outcomes after a road traffic injury; aiming to compare motorcyclists with other road users and inform recovery care. METHODS An inception cohort study recruited 1854 individuals aged > 17 years, injured following land-transport crashes in New South Wales, Australia (July 2013-November 2016). Interviews conducted at baseline, 6-and 12-months post-injury elicited demographic, socioeconomic, and self-reported health conditions. RESULTS Primary analysis involved 1854 participants who were recruited at baseline as three distinct road user groups; 628 (33.9%) motorcyclists, 927 (50%) vehicle occupants and 299 (16.1%) bicyclists. At baseline, injury patterns differed significantly between road user groups; motorcyclists were more than twice as likely to sustain lower extremity injury (p < 0.001); to have more severe injury severity scores (p < 0.001) and longer hospital stays versus vs vehicle occupants and bicyclists (< 0.001) across these measures. Injured motorcyclists were predominantly male (88.1%, p < 0.001), were younger on average (38 years) than bicyclists (41.5 years), had lower income and education levels, and poorer pre-injury physical health than other road user groups. Despite these differences, at 12 months post-injury motorcyclists had better physical health (SF12-PCS 2.07 (0.77, 3.36), p = 0.002) and reported lower pain scores (- 0.51 (- 0.83, - 0.2), p < 0.001) than vehicle occupants. Motorcyclists displayed less evidence of psychological distress than vehicle occupants, but more than bicyclists across several measures used. CONCLUSIONS Road user types differ in important characteristics, including pre-injury health status and recovery after injury. As vulnerable road users experiencing transport crash and considering their higher initial injury severity, the degree of recovery among motorcyclists compared with other user types is remarkable and unexplained. Health and recovery outcomes after land-transport crashes is least favourable among vehicle occupants despite their higher levels of protection in a crash. This information is valuable for targeting early intervention strategies by road user type during the post-crash care phase, to improve long-term recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Sharwood
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 1 Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Engineering and Risk, Ultimo, Australia.
| | - Annette Kifley
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 1 Reserve Road., St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Ashley Craig
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 1 Reserve Road., St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Bamini Gopinath
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 1 Reserve Road., St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Jagnoor Jagnoor
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 1 Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian D Cameron
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 1 Reserve Road., St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
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14
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Ishii W, Hitosugi M, Baba M, Kandori K, Arai Y. Factors Affecting Death and Severe Injury in Child Motor Vehicle Passengers. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111431. [PMID: 34828478 PMCID: PMC8624717 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saving children from motor vehicle collisions is a high priority because the injury rate among motor vehicle passengers has been increasing in Japan. This study aimed to examine the factors that influence death and serious injury in child motor vehicle passengers to establish effective preventive measures. To identify these factors, we performed a retrospective study using a nationwide medical database. The data of child motor vehicle passengers younger than 15 years (n = 1084) were obtained from the Japanese Trauma Data Bank, registered from 2004 to 2019. Physiological variables, outcomes, and injury severity were compared between fatal and non-fatal patients and between those with and without severe injuries. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors affecting fatality and severe injury. The Glasgow Coma Scale score (odds ratio (OR): 1.964), body temperature (OR: 2.578), and the Abbreviated Injury Scale score of the head (OR: 0.287) were identified as independent predictors of a non-fatal outcome. Systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.012), the Glasgow Coma Scale score (OR: 0.705), and Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma positivity (OR: 3.236) were identified as independent predictors of having severe injury. Decreasing the severity of head injury is the highest priority for child motor vehicle passengers to prevent fatality and severe injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ishii
- Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-231-5171
| | - Masahito Hitosugi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan;
| | - Mineko Baba
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Kenji Kandori
- Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yusuke Arai
- Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.A.)
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15
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Alharbi RJ, Shrestha S, Lewis V, Miller C. The effectiveness of trauma care systems at different stages of development in reducing mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Emerg Surg 2021; 16:38. [PMID: 34256793 PMCID: PMC8278750 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-021-00381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic injury remains the leading cause of death, with more than five million deaths every year. Little is known about the comparative effectiveness in reducing mortality of trauma care systems at different stages of development. The objective of this study was to review the literature and examine differences in mortality associated with different stages of trauma system development. METHOD A systematic review of peer-reviewed population-based studies retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL. Additional studies were identified from references of articles, through database searching, and author lists. Articles written in English and published between 2000 and 2020 were included. Selection of studies, data extraction, and quality assessment of the included studies were performed by two independent reviewers. The results were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS A total of 52 studies with a combined 1,106,431 traumatic injury patients were included for quantitative analysis. The overall mortality rate was 6.77% (n = 74,930). When patients were treated in a non-trauma centre compared to a trauma centre, the pooled statistical odds of mortality were reduced (OR 0.74 [95% CI 0.69-0.79]; p < 0.001). When patients were treated in a non-trauma system compared to a trauma system the odds of mortality rates increased (OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.10-1.24]; p < 0.001). When patients were treated in a post-implementation/initial system compared to a mature system, odds of mortality were significantly higher (OR 1.46 [95% CI 1.37-1.55]; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present study highlights that the survival of traumatic injured patients varies according to the stage of trauma system development in which the patient was treated. The analysis indicates a significant reduction in mortality following the introduction of the trauma system which is further enhanced as the system matures. These results provide evidence to support efforts to, firstly, implement trauma systems in countries currently without and, secondly, to enhance existing systems by investing in system development. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019142842 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Jafnan Alharbi
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, La Trobe University, 1st floor, HSB 1, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia. .,Department of Emergency Medical Service, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sumina Shrestha
- Australian Institute for Primary Care and Ageing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Community Development and Environment Conservation Forum, Chautara, Nepal
| | - Virginia Lewis
- Australian Institute for Primary Care and Ageing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Charne Miller
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, La Trobe University, 1st floor, HSB 1, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
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16
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Alharbi RJ, Lewis V, Shrestha S, Miller C. Effectiveness of trauma care systems at different stages of development in reducing mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047439. [PMID: 34083344 PMCID: PMC8183269 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The introduction of trauma systems that began in the 1970s resulted in improved trauma care and a decreased rate of morbidity and mortality of trauma patients. Worldwide, little is known about the effectiveness of trauma care system at different stages of development, from establishing a trauma centre, to implementing a trauma system and as trauma systems mature. The objective of this study is to extract and analyse data from research that evaluates mortality rates according to different stages of trauma system development globally. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The proposed review will comply with the checklist of the 'Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis'. In this review, only peer-reviewed articles written in English, human-related studies and published between January 2000 and December 2020 will be included. Articles will be retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. Additional articles will be identified from other sources such as references of included articles and author lists. Two independent authors will assess the eligibility of studies as well as critically appraise and assess the methodological quality of all included studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias for Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool. Two independent authors will extract the data to minimise errors and bias during the process of data extraction using an extraction tool developed by the authors. For analysis calculation, effect sizes will be expressed as risk ratios or ORs for dichotomous data or weighted (or standardised) mean differences and 95% CIs for continuous data in this systematic review. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This systematic review will use secondary data only, therefore, research ethics approval is not required. The results from this study will be submitted to a peer-review journal for publication and we will present our findings at national and international conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019142842.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Jafnan Alharbi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University-Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Jazan University, Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Virginia Lewis
- Australian Institute for Primary Care and Ageing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University-Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sumina Shrestha
- Australian Institute for Primary Care and Ageing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University-Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Community Development and Environment Conservation Forum, Nepal, Nepal
| | - Charne Miller
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University-Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Porgo TV, Moore L, Assy C, Neveu X, Gonthier C, Berthelot S, Gabbe BJ, Cameron PA, Bernard F, Turgeon AF. Development and Validation of a Hospital Indicator of Activity-Based Costs for Injury Admissions. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2021; 24:530-538. [PMID: 33840431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a hospital indicator of resource use for injury admissions. METHODS We focused on resource use for acute injury care and therefore adopted a hospital perspective. We included patients ≥16 years old with an Injury Severity Score >9 admitted to any of the 57 trauma centers of an inclusive Canadian trauma system from 2014 to 2018. We extracted data from the trauma registry and hospital financial reports and estimated resource use with activity-based costing. We developed risk-adjustment models by trauma center designation level (I/II and III/IV) for the whole sample, traumatic brain injuries, thoraco-abdominal injuries, orthopedic injuries, and patients ≥65 years old. Candidate variables were selected using bootstrap resampling. We performed benchmarking by comparing the adjusted mean cost in each center, obtained using shrinkage estimates, to the provincial mean. RESULTS We included 38 713 patients. The models explained between 12% and 36% (optimism-corrected r2) of the variation in resource use. In the whole sample and in all subgroups, we identified centers with higher- or lower-than-expected resource use across level I/II and III/IV centers. CONCLUSIONS We propose an algorithm to produce the indicator using data routinely collected in trauma registries to prompt targeted exploration of potential areas for improvement in resource use for injury admissions. The r2 of our models suggest that between 64% and 88% of the variation in resource use for injury care is dictated by factors other than patient baseline risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teegwendé V Porgo
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Lynne Moore
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
| | - Coralie Assy
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Xavier Neveu
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Gonthier
- Unité d'évaluation en traumatologie et en soins critiques, Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS), Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Berthelot
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter A Cameron
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francis Bernard
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexis F Turgeon
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Batomen B, Moore L, Strumpf E, Champion H, Nandi A. Impact of trauma centre accreditation on mortality and complications in a Canadian trauma system: an interrupted time series analysis. BMJ Qual Saf 2020; 30:853-866. [PMID: 33127834 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-011271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodic external accreditation visits aiming to determine whether trauma centres are fulfilling the criteria for optimal care are part of most trauma systems. However, despite the growing trend towards accreditation of trauma centres, its impact on patient outcomes remains unclear. In addition, a recent systematic review found inconsistent results on the association between accreditation and patient outcomes, mostly due to the lack of robust controls. We aim to address these gaps by assessing the impact of trauma centre accreditation on patient outcomes, specifically in-hospital mortality and complications, using an interrupted time series (ITS) design. METHODS We included all major trauma admissions to five level I and four level II trauma centres in Quebec, Canada between 2008 and 2017. In order to perform ITS, we first obtained monthly and quarterly estimates of the proportions of in-hospital mortality and complications, respectively, for level I and level II centres. Prognostic scores were used to standardise these proportions to account for changes in patient case mix and segmented regressions with autocorrelated errors were used to estimate changes in levels and trends in both outcomes following accreditation. RESULTS There were 51 035 admissions, including 20 165 for major trauma during the study period. After accounting for changes in patient case mix and secular trend in studied outcomes, we globally did not observe an association between accreditation and patient outcomes. However, associations were heterogeneous across centres. For example, in a level II centre with worsening preaccreditation outcomes, accreditation led to -9.08 (95% CI -13.29 to -4.87) and -9.60 (95% CI -15.77 to -3.43) percentage point reductions in mortality and complications, respectively. CONCLUSION Accreditation seemed to be beneficial for centres that were experiencing a decrease in performance preceding accreditation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Batomen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lynne Moore
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erin Strumpf
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Economics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Howard Champion
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institute for Health and Social Policy, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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19
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Rosenkrantz L, Schuurman N, Arenas C, Nicol A, Hameed MS. Maximizing the potential of trauma registries in low-income and middle-income countries. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 5:e000469. [PMID: 32426528 PMCID: PMC7228665 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2020-000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury is a major global health issue, resulting in millions of deaths every year. For decades, trauma registries have been used in wealthier countries for injury surveillance and clinical governance, but their adoption has lagged in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Paradoxically, LMICs face a disproportionately high burden of injury with few resources available to address this pandemic. Despite these resource constraints, several hospitals and regions in LMICs have managed to develop trauma registries to collect information related to the injury event, process of care, and outcome of the injured patient. While the implementation of these trauma registries is a positive step forward in addressing the injury burden in LMICs, numerous challenges still stand in the way of maximizing the potential of trauma registries to inform injury prevention, mitigation, and improve quality of trauma care. This paper outlines several of these challenges and identifies potential solutions that can be adopted to improve the functionality of trauma registries in resource-poor contexts. Increased recognition and support for trauma registry development and improvement in LMICs is critical to reducing the burden of injury in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Rosenkrantz
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nadine Schuurman
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claudia Arenas
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Hospital Sotero del Rio, Santiago, Chile.,Division of General Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew Nicol
- Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Western Cape, South Africa.,Trauma Centre, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Morad S Hameed
- Division of General Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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20
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Factors influencing vehicle passenger fatality have changed over 10 years: a nationwide hospital-based study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3316. [PMID: 32094429 PMCID: PMC7040014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traffic injury trends have changed with safety developments. To establish effective preventive measures against traffic fatalities, the factors influencing fatalities must be understood. The present study evaluated data from a national medical database to determine the changes in these factors over time, as this has not been previously investigated. This observational study retrospectively analysed data from the Japanese Trauma Data Bank. Vehicle passengers involved in collisions from 2004–2008 and 2016–2017 were included. Data were compared between the two study periods, and between fatal and non-fatal patients within each period. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors influencing fatalities. In 2016–2017, patients were older and had lower fatality rates. In 2004–2008, fatalities were more likely to involve older male front-seat passengers with low d-BP, BT, and GCS values, and high AIS of the neck and abdomen. However, in 2016–2017, fatalities were more likely to involve older males with low GCS, high AIS of the abdomen, and positive focused assessment with sonography for trauma results. Our study identified independent factors influencing vehicle passenger fatalities, which will likely continue to evolve with the aging of the population and changing manners of injury.
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21
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Sawadogo D, Moore L, Tardif PA, Farhat I, Lauzier F, Turgeon AF. Trends of clinical outcomes in patients with a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in Canada between 2006 and 2012. Injury 2020; 51:76-83. [PMID: 31515061 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the leading cause of death for people aged <40 years. In Canada, the structure of trauma care has evolved independently across provinces during the last decade. However, little is known about the evolution of clinical outcomes. We aimed to compare trends in hospital mortality, unplanned readmission, hospital length of stay (LOS) and intensive care unit (ICU) LOS for TBI between 2006 and 2012 across Canadian provinces. METHODS We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study based on TBI admissions across Canadian level I and II trauma centres. Data were extracted from the National Trauma Registry linked to hospital discharge databases. All adults with an injury severity score ≥12 were included. Multilevel generalized linear models were used to evaluate trends in clinical outcomes. RESULTS Between 2006 and 2012, we observed a decrease in mortality in Canada (odd ratio [OR] = 0.95; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.92-0.98) mostly driven by Ontario (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.93-0.98). We observed a significant decrease in hospital length of stay in Canada (hazard ratio [HR]: hazard of being discharged alive from hospital = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01-1.02) mostly driven by a decrease in Quebec (HR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01-1.04). We observed a decrease in ICU Length of stay only in Alberta (HR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.01-1.09). No trend was observed for hospital readmissions. CONCLUSION We observed significant decreases in mortality, hospital and ICU length of stay for TBI in Canada between 2006 and 2012 but only in certain provinces. This study may represent the first step towards a better understanding of the influence of trauma system configuration on the burden of injuries in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sawadogo
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Québec, Canada.
| | - L Moore
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Québec, Canada
| | - P A Tardif
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Québec, Canada
| | - I Farhat
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Québec, Canada
| | - F Lauzier
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Québec, Canada; Département d'anesthésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - A F Turgeon
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Québec, Canada
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22
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Batomen B, Moore L, Carabali M, Tardif PA, Champion H, Nandi A. Effectiveness of trauma centers verification: Protocol for a systematic review. Syst Rev 2019; 8:292. [PMID: 31775895 PMCID: PMC6882165 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implementation of trauma systems in many high-income countries over the last 50 years has led to important reductions in injury mortality and disability in many healthcare jurisdictions. Injury organizations including the American College of Surgeons and the Trauma Association of Canada as well as the World Health Organization provide consensus-based recommendations on resources and processes for optimal injury care. Many hospitals treating trauma patients seek verification to demonstrate that they meet these recommendations. This process may be labeled differently across jurisdictions. In Canada for example, it is called accreditation, but it has the same objective and very similar modalities. The objective of the study described in this protocol is to systematically review evidence on the effectiveness of trauma center verification for improving clinical processes and patient outcomes in injury care. METHODS We will perform a systematic review of studies evaluating the association between trauma center verification and hospital mortality (primary outcome), as well as morbidity, resource utilization, and processes of care (secondary outcomes). We will search CINAHL, EMBASE, HealthStar, MEDLINE, and ProQuest databases, as well as key injury organization websites for gray literature. We will assess the methodological quality of studies using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool. We are planning to conduct a meta-analysis if feasible based on the number of included studies and their heterogeneity. We will evaluate the quality of cumulative evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group methodology. DISCUSSION This review will provide a synthesis of the body of evidence on trauma center verification effectiveness. Results could reinforce current verification modalities and may suggest ways to optimize them. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at an international clinical conference. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42018107083.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Batomen
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health
- McGill University, Charles Meredith House, 1130 Pine Avenue West, Room B9, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada.
| | - Lynne Moore
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mabel Carabali
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health
- McGill University, Charles Meredith House, 1130 Pine Avenue West, Room B9, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Pier-Alexandre Tardif
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma-Emergency-Critical Care Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Howard Champion
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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23
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Rosenkrantz L, Schuurman N, Hameed M. Trauma registry implementation and operation in low and middle income countries: A scoping review. Glob Public Health 2019; 14:1884-1897. [PMID: 31232227 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2019.1622761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Injury is a major public health crisis contributing to more than 4.48 million deaths annually. Trauma registries have proven highly effective in reducing injury morbidity and mortality rates in high income countries. They are a critical source of information for injury prevention, benchmarking care, quality improvement, and resource allocation. Historically, low and middle income countries (LMICs) have largely been excluded from trauma registry development due to limited resources. Recently, this has begun to change with low-resource hospitals adopting innovative strategies to implement trauma registries. Nonetheless, dissemination of these strategies remains fragmented. Hospitals looking to develop their own trauma registries have no current, comprehensive resource that summarises the implementation decisions of other registries in similar contexts. This scoping review aims to identify where trauma registries are located in LMICs, bringing up to date previous estimates, and to identify the most common approaches to registry implementation and operation in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Rosenkrantz
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , Canada
| | - Nadine Schuurman
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , Canada
| | - Morad Hameed
- Divisions of General Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
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24
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Fleet R, Lauzier F, Tounkara FK, Turcotte S, Poitras J, Morris J, Ouimet M, Fortin JP, Plant J, Légaré F, Dupuis G, Turgeon-Pelchat C. Profile of trauma mortality and trauma care resources at rural emergency departments and urban trauma centres in Quebec: a population-based, retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028512. [PMID: 31160276 PMCID: PMC6549736 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As Canada's second largest province, the geography of Quebec poses unique challenges for trauma management. Our primary objective was to compare mortality rates between trauma patients treated at rural emergency departments (EDs) and urban trauma centres in Quebec. As a secondary objective, we compared the availability of trauma care resources and services between these two settings. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING 26 rural EDs and 33 level 1 and 2 urban trauma centres in Quebec, Canada. PARTICIPANTS 79 957 trauma cases collected from Quebec's trauma registry. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Our primary outcome measure was mortality (prehospital, ED, in-hospital). Secondary outcome measures were the availability of trauma-related services and staff specialties at rural and urban facilities. Multivariable generalised linear mixed models were used to determine the relationship between the primary facility and mortality. RESULTS Overall, 7215 (9.0%) trauma patients were treated in a rural ED and 72 742 (91.0%) received treatment at an urban centre. Mortality rates were higher in rural EDs compared with urban trauma centres (13.3% vs 7.9%, p<0.001). After controlling for available potential confounders, the odds of prehospital or ED mortality were over three times greater for patients treated in a rural ED (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.88 to 6.28). Trauma care setting (rural vs urban) was not associated with in-hospital mortality. Nearly all of the specialised services evaluated were more present at urban trauma centres. CONCLUSIONS Trauma patients treated in rural EDs had a higher mortality rate and were more likely to die prehospital or in the ED compared with patients treated at an urban trauma centre. Our results were limited by a lack of accurate prehospital times in the trauma registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Fleet
- Médecine familiale et médecine d’urgence, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Chaire de recherche en médecine d’urgence ULaval - CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, Canada
| | - François Lauzier
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fatoumata Korinka Tounkara
- Centre de recherche du CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Chaire de recherche en médecine d’urgence ULaval - CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, Canada
| | - Stéphane Turcotte
- Centre de recherche du CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, Canada
| | | | - Judy Morris
- Emergency Medicine department, HSCM, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Paul Fortin
- Centre integre universitaire de sante et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeff Plant
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - France Légaré
- Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Catherine Turgeon-Pelchat
- Centre de recherche du CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Chaire de recherche en médecine d’urgence ULaval - CISSS Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, Canada
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25
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Cornwall K, Oliver M, Bein K, Roncal S, Chu M, Dinh M. Outcomes at non-trauma centres within a trauma referral network: A five-year retrospective cohort study from Australia. Australas Emerg Care 2019; 22:42-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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26
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Moore L, Champion H, Tardif PA, Kuimi BL, O'Reilly G, Leppaniemi A, Cameron P, Palmer CS, Abu-Zidan FM, Gabbe B, Gaarder C, Yanchar N, Stelfox HT, Coimbra R, Kortbeek J, Noonan VK, Gunning A, Gordon M, Khajanchi M, Porgo TV, Turgeon AF, Leenen L. Impact of Trauma System Structure on Injury Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World J Surg 2018; 42:1327-1339. [PMID: 29071424 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of trauma systems in decreasing injury mortality and morbidity has been well demonstrated. However, little is known about which components contribute to their effectiveness. We aimed to systematically review the evidence of the impact of trauma system components on clinically important injury outcomes. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and BIOSIS/Web of Knowledge, gray literature and trauma association Web sites to identify studies evaluating the association between at least one trauma system component and injury outcome. We calculated pooled effect estimates using inverse-variance random-effects models. We evaluated quality of evidence using GRADE criteria. RESULTS We screened 15,974 records, retaining 41 studies for qualitative synthesis and 19 for meta-analysis. Two recommended trauma system components were associated with reduced odds of mortality: inclusive design (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72 [0.65-0.80]) and helicopter transport (OR = 0.70 [0.55-0.88]). Pre-Hospital Advanced Trauma Life Support was associated with a significant reduction in hospital days (mean difference [MD] = 5.7 [4.4-7.0]) but a nonsignificant reduction in mortality (OR = 0.78 [0.44-1.39]). Population density of surgeons was associated with a nonsignificant decrease in mortality (MD = 0.58 [-0.22 to 1.39]). Trauma system maturity was associated with a significant reduction in mortality (OR = 0.76 [0.68-0.85]). Quality of evidence was low or very low for mortality and healthcare utilization. CONCLUSIONS This review offers low-quality evidence for the effectiveness of an inclusive design and trauma system maturity and very-low-quality evidence for helicopter transport in reducing injury mortality. Further research should evaluate other recommended components of trauma systems and non-fatal outcomes and explore the impact of system component interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Moore
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Howard Champion
- Department of Surgery, University of the Health Sciences, Annapolis, MD, USA
| | - Pier-Alexandre Tardif
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Brice-Lionel Kuimi
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Gerard O'Reilly
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ari Leppaniemi
- Abdominal Center, Helsinki University hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Cameron
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Fikri M Abu-Zidan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Belinda Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christine Gaarder
- Department of Traumatology, Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Oslo, Norway
| | - Natalie Yanchar
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Henry Thomas Stelfox
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Raul Coimbra
- Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John Kortbeek
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Amy Gunning
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Malcolm Gordon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Teegwendé V Porgo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis F Turgeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins intensifs (Trauma - Emergency - Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Luke Leenen
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Comparison of outcomes in severely injured patients between a South Korean trauma center and matched patients treated in the United States. Surgery 2018; 164:482-488. [PMID: 29884477 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The South Korean government recently developed a master plan for establishing a national trauma system based on the implementation of regional trauma centers. We aimed to compare outcomes between severely injured patients treated at a recently established South Korean trauma center and matched patients treated in American level-1 trauma centers. METHODS Two cohorts were selected from an institutional trauma database at Ajou University Medical Center (AUMC) and the American National Trauma Data Bank. Adult patients with an Injury Severity Score of ≥9 were included. Patients were matched based on covariates that affect mortality, using 1:1 propensity score matching. We compared outcomes between the two datasets and performed survival analyses. RESULTS We created 1,451 and 2,103 matched pairs for the pre-trauma center and post-trauma center periods, respectively. The in-hospital mortality rate was higher in the institutional trauma database pre-trauma center period compared with the American National Trauma Data Bank (11.6% versus 8.1%, P<.001). However, the mortality rate decreased in the institutional trauma database post-trauma center period and was similar to that in the American National Trauma Data Bank (6.9% versus 6.8%, P=.903). Being treated at Ajou University Medical Center Trauma Center was significantly associated with higher mortality during the pre-trauma center period (OR: 1.842, 95% CI: 1.336-2.540; P<.001), although no significant association was observed during the post-trauma center period (OR: 1.102, 95% CI: 0.827-1.468; P=.509). CONCLUSION The mortality rate improved after a trauma center was established in a South Korean hospital and is similar to that from matched cases treated at American level-1 trauma centers. Thus, creating trauma centers and a regional trauma system may improve outcomes in major trauma cases.
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Van den Heede K, Dubois C, Mistiaen P, Stordeur S, Cordon A, Farfan-Portet MI. Evaluating the need to reform the organisation of care for major trauma patients in Belgium: an analysis of administrative databases. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018; 45:885-892. [PMID: 29480321 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-018-0932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In light of the international evolutions to establish inclusive trauma systems and to concentrate the care for the most severely injured in major trauma centres, we evaluated the degree of dispersion of trauma care in Belgium. METHODS We used descriptive statistics to illustrate the dispersion of major trauma care in Belgium based on two independent administrative databases: the registry of Mobile Intensive Care Units (2009-2015) and the Belgian Hospital Discharge Dataset (2009-2014). RESULTS Patients with a severe trauma (n = 3856 in 2015) were transported towards 145 different hospital sites (on a total of 198 hospital sites) resulting in a median of 17 cases per hospital site (min = 1; P25 = 4; P75 = 30; max = 165). A minority of major trauma patients is after admission transferred to another hospital (8%) with a median of 10 days after admission to the hospital (IQR 3.5-24). CONCLUSIONS The dispersion of care for major trauma patients in Belgium is so high that a reorganisation of care for severe injured patients in major trauma centres concentrating professional expertise and specialised equipment is recommended to guarantee a high quality of care in a qualitative and sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Van den Heede
- Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre, Kruidtuinlaan 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Cécile Dubois
- Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre, Kruidtuinlaan 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patriek Mistiaen
- Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre, Kruidtuinlaan 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine Stordeur
- Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre, Kruidtuinlaan 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Cordon
- Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre, Kruidtuinlaan 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
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29
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Nagata I, Abe T, Uchida M, Saitoh D, Tamiya N. Ten-year inhospital mortality trends for patients with trauma in Japan: a multicentre observational study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018635. [PMID: 29439071 PMCID: PMC5829856 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trauma is one of the main causes of death in Japan, and treatments and prognoses of these injuries are constantly changing. We therefore aimed to investigate a 10-year trend (2004-2013) in inhospital mortality among patients with trauma in Japan. DESIGN Multicentre observational study. SETTING Japanese nationwide trauma registry (the Japan Trauma Data Bank) data. PARTICIPANTS All patients with trauma whose Injury Severity Score (ISS) were 3 and above, who were aged 15 years or older, and whose mechanisms of injury (MOI) were blunt and penetrating between 2004 and 2013 (n=90 833). OUTCOME MEASURES A 10-year trend in inhospital mortality. RESULTS Inhospital mortality for all patients with trauma significantly decreased over the study decade in our Cochran-Armitage test (P<0.001). Similarly, inhospital mortality for patients with ISS 16 or more and patients who scored 50% or better on the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) probability of survival scale significantly decreased (P<0.001). In addition, the OR for inhospital mortality of these three patient groups decreased yearly after adjusting for age, gender, MOI, ISS, Glasgow Coma Scale, systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate on hospital arrival in multivariable logistic regression analyses. Furthermore, inhospital mortality for patient with blunt trauma significantly decreased in injury mechanism-stratified Mantel-extension testing (P<0.001). Finally, multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that the OR for inhospital mortality of patients with ISS 16 and over decreased each year after adding and adjusting for means of transportation and usage of whole-body CT. CONCLUSION Inhospital mortality for patients with trauma in Japan significantly decreased during the study decade after adjusting for patient characteristics, injury severity and the response environment after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Nagata
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Majors of Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Abe
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Uchida
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Majors of Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daizoh Saitoh
- Department of Traumatology and Emergency Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Nanako Tamiya
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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30
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Moore L, Evans D, Yanchar NL, Thakore J, Stelfox HT, Hameed M, Simons R, Kortbeek J, Clément J, Lauzier F, Turgeon AF. Canadian benchmarks for acute injury care. Can J Surg 2017; 60:380-387. [PMID: 28930046 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.002817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute care injury outcomes vary substantially across Canadian provinces and trauma centres. Our aim was to develop Canadian benchmarks to monitor mortality and hospital length of stay (LOS) for injury admissions. METHODS Benchmarks were derived using data from the Canadian National Trauma Registry on patients with major trauma admitted to any level I or II trauma centre in Canada and from the following patient subgroups: isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI), isolated thoracoabdominal injury, multisystem blunt injury, age 65 years or older. We assessed predictive validity using measures of discrimination and calibration, and performed sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of replacing analytically complex methods (multiple imputation, shrinkage estimates and flexible modelling) with simple models that can be implemented locally. RESULTS The mortality risk adjustment model had excellent discrimination and calibration (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.886, Hosmer-Lemeshow 36). The LOS risk-adjustment model predicted 29% of the variation in LOS. Overall, observed:expected ratios of mortality and mean LOS generated by an analytically simple model correlated strongly with those generated by analytically complex models (r > 0.95, κ on outliers > 0.90). CONCLUSION We propose Canadian benchmarks that can be used to monitor quality of care in Canadian trauma centres using Excel (see the appendices, available at canjsurg.ca). The program can be implemented using local trauma registries, providing that at least 100 patients are available for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Moore
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - David Evans
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Natalie L Yanchar
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Jaimini Thakore
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Henry Thomas Stelfox
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Morad Hameed
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Richard Simons
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - John Kortbeek
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Julien Clément
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - François Lauzier
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
| | - Alexis F Turgeon
- From the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore); the Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Traumatologie-Urgence-Soins intensifs, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Moore, Lauzier, Turgeon); the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Yanchar); the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Evans, Thakore, Hameed); the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Stelfox), O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Stelfox); the Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. (Kortbeek); the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec, Que. (Clément); the Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Clément); and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Que. (Lauzier, Turgeon)
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Noonan VK, Chan E, Santos A, Soril L, Lewis R, Singh A, Cheng CL, O'Connell C, Truchon C, Paquet J, Christie S, Ethans K, Tsai E, Ford MH, Drew B, Linassi AG, Bailey CS, Fehlings MG. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Care in Canada: A Survey of Canadian Centers. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:2848-2855. [PMID: 28367684 PMCID: PMC5653141 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized centers of care for persons sustaining a traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) have been established in many countries, but the ideal system of care has not been defined. The objective of this study was to describe care delivery, with a focus on structures and services, for persons with tSCI in Canada. A survey was sent to 26 facilities (12 acute, 11 rehabilitation, and three integrated) from eight provinces participating in the Access to Care and Timing project. The survey included questions about: 1) care provision; 2) structural attributes and; 3) service availability. Survey completion rate was 100%. Data sources used to complete the survey were the Rick Hansen Spinal Cord Injury Registry, other hospital databases, clinical protocols, and subject matter experts. Acute and rehabilitation care provided by integrated facilities were described separately, resulting in data from 15 acute and 14 rehabilitation facilities. The number of admissions for tSCI over a 12-month period between 2009-2011 ranged from 17 to 104 (median 39), and 11 to 96 (median 32), for acute and rehabilitation facilities, respectively. Grouping of patients was reported by 8/15 acute and 10/14 rehabilitation facilities. Criteria for admission to the inpatient rehabilitation facilities varied among facilities (25 different criteria reported). Results from the survey revealed similarities in the basic structure and the provision of general services, but also some differences in the degree of specialization of care for persons with tSCI. Continued work on the impact of specialized care for both the patient and healthcare system is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaine Chan
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Argelio Santos
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lesley Soril
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rachel Lewis
- Centre for Operations Excellence, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anoushka Singh
- Spinal Cord Injury Clinical Research Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Colleen O'Connell
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Catherine Truchon
- Trauma and Critical Care Evaluation Unit, Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jérôme Paquet
- Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Sean Christie
- Division of Neurosurgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Karen Ethans
- Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Eve Tsai
- Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael H. Ford
- Orthopedic Spine and Trauma, Integrated Spine Unit, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Drew
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - A. Gary Linassi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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32
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Asehnoune K, Balogh Z, Citerio G, Cap A, Billiar T, Stocchetti N, Cohen MJ, Pelosi P, Curry N, Gaarder C, Gruen R, Holcomb J, Hunt BJ, Juffermans NP, Maegele M, Midwinter M, Moore FA, O'Dwyer M, Pittet JF, Schöchl H, Schreiber M, Spinella PC, Stanworth S, Winfield R, Brohi K. The research agenda for trauma critical care. Intensive Care Med 2017; 43:1340-1351. [PMID: 28756471 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-017-4895-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this research agenda on the acute and critical care management of trauma patients, we concentrate on the major factors leading to death, namely haemorrhage and traumatic brain injury (TBI). In haemostasis biology, the results of randomised controlled trials have led to the therapeutic focus moving away from the augmentation of coagulation factors (such as recombinant factor VIIa) and towards fibrinogen supplementation and administration of antifibrinolytics such as tranexamic acid. Novel diagnostic techniques need to be evaluated to determine whether an individualised precision approach is superior to current empirical practice. The timing and efficacy of platelet transfusions remain in question, while new blood products need to be developed and evaluated, including whole blood variants, lyophilised products and novel red cell storage modalities. The current cornerstones of TBI management are intracranial pressure control, maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure and avoidance of secondary insults (such as hypotension, hypoxaemia, hyperglycaemia and pyrexia). Therapeutic hypothermia and decompressive craniectomy are controversial therapies. Further research into these strategies should focus on identifying which subgroups of patients may benefit from these interventions. Prediction of the long-term outcome early after TBI remains challenging. Early magnetic resonance imaging has recently been evaluated for predicting the long-term outcome in mild and severe TBI. Novel biomarkers may also help in outcome prediction and may predict chronic neurological symptoms. For trauma in general, rehabilitation is complex and multidimensional, and the optimal timing for commencement of rehabilitation needs investigation. We propose priority areas for clinical trials in the next 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Asehnoune
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hôtel Dieu, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Laboratory EA 3826, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Zsolt Balogh
- John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Citerio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Neurointensive Care Unit, Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Andre Cap
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Timothy Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Nino Stocchetti
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplant, Milan University and Neuro ICU Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mitchell J Cohen
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Aurora, USA
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Curry
- Oxford University Hospital NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Russell Gruen
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - John Holcomb
- Center for Translational Injury Research, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Beverley J Hunt
- Departments of Haematology and Pathology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicole P Juffermans
- Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Maegele
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Cologne-Merheim Medical Centre, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mark Midwinter
- Rural Clinical School (Bundaberg), University of Queensland, Bundaberg, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Michael O'Dwyer
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jean-François Pittet
- Critical Care Division, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Herbert Schöchl
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, AUVA Trauma Centre Salzburg, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Schreiber
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Philip C Spinella
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, Washington, USA
| | - Simon Stanworth
- NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Karim Brohi
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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SHAPING QUALITY THROUGH VISION, STRUCTURE, AND MONITORING OF PERFORMANCE AND QUALITY INDICATORS: IMPACT STORY FROM THE QUEBEC TRAUMA NETWORK. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2017; 33:415-419. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266462317000198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The Quebec Trauma Care Continuum (TCC) was initiated in 1991 with the objective of providing accessible, continuous, efficient, and high quality services for all injury cases in the province.Methods: The TCC design relied on three key components: (i) the designation of a network of acute care and rehabilitation facilities with specific mandates and responsibilities; (ii) the elaboration of transfer protocols, standing agreements, and governing structures to ensure fluid and optimal patient flow; and (iii) the close monitoring of several indicators to facilitate the continuous evaluation and improvement of the network.Results: Between 1992 and 2002, in-hospital mortality following major trauma decreased from 51.8 percent to 8.6 percent, followed by an additional 24 percent drop between 1999 and 2012. We also observed a 16 percent decrease in average LOS but no change in the incidence of complications or unplanned readmissions. These changes translate into 186 lives saved per year and cost savings, due to shorter LOS, of 6.3 million CD$ per year. The risk-adjusted incidence of in-hospital mortality following major injury between 2006 and 2012 (7 percent) was the lowest of all Canadian provinces.Conclusions: Strategic transformation of a network's structure and processes, supported by continuous monitoring of validated quality indicators, can lead to significant and sustainable improvements in clinical outcomes. It is hoped that the Quebec trauma story will inspire other jurisdictions and other healthcare sectors.
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Moore L, Champion H, O’Reilly G, Leppaniemi A, Cameron P, Palmer C, Abu-Zidan FM, Gabbe B, Gaarder C, Yanchar N, Stelfox HT, Coimbra R, Kortbeek J, Noonan V, Gunning A, Leenan L, Gordon M, Khajanchi M, Shemilt M, Porgo V, Turgeon AF. Impact of trauma system structure on injury outcomes: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2017; 6:12. [PMID: 28109306 PMCID: PMC5251247 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury represents one of the greatest public health challenges of our time with over 5 million deaths and 100 million people temporarily or permanently disabled every year worldwide. The effectiveness of trauma systems in decreasing injury mortality and morbidity has been well demonstrated. However, the organisation of trauma care varies significantly across trauma systems and we know little about which components of trauma systems contribute to their effectiveness. The objective of the study described in this protocol is to systematically review evidence of the impact of trauma system components on clinically significant outcomes including mortality, function and disability, quality of life, and resource utilization. METHODS We will perform a systematic review of studies evaluating the association between at least one trauma system component (e.g. accreditation by a central agency, interfacility transfer agreements) and at least one injury outcome (e.g. mortality, disability, resource use). We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE central, and BIOSIS/Web of Knowledge databases, thesis holdings, key injury organisation websites and conference proceedings for eligible studies. Pairs of independent reviewers will evaluate studies for eligibility and extract data from included articles. Methodological quality will be evaluated using elements of the ROBINS-I tool and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for non-randomized and randomized studies, respectively. Strength of evidence will be evaluated using the GRADE tool. DISCUSSION We expect to advance knowledge on the components of trauma systems that contribute to their effectiveness. This may lead to recommendations on trauma system structure that will help policy-makers make informed decisions as to where resources should be focused. The review may also lead to specific recommendations for future research efforts. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 28-06-2016. PROSPERO 2016:CRD42016041336 Available from http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42016041336 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Moore
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie–Urgence-Soins intensifs (Trauma–Emergency–Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec–Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), 1401, 18e rue, local H-012a, Québec, G1J 1Z4 Canada
| | | | - Gerard O’Reilly
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ari Leppaniemi
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Cameron
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cameron Palmer
- Trauma Service, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fikri M. Abu-Zidan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Belinda Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christine Gaarder
- Department of Traumatology, Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Oslo, Norway
| | - Natalie Yanchar
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Henry Thomas Stelfox
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences, O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Raul Coimbra
- Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, California USA
| | - John Kortbeek
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Vanessa Noonan
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amy Gunning
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luke Leenan
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Malcolm Gordon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Michèle Shemilt
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie–Urgence-Soins intensifs (Trauma–Emergency–Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec–Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), 1401, 18e rue, local H-012a, Québec, G1J 1Z4 Canada
| | - Valérie Porgo
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Alexis F. Turgeon
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada
| | - on behalf of the International Injury Care Improvement Initiative
- Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé (Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit), Traumatologie–Urgence-Soins intensifs (Trauma–Emergency–Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec–Université Laval Research Center (Enfant-Jésus Hospital), 1401, 18e rue, local H-012a, Québec, G1J 1Z4 Canada
- U Health Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland USA
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Trauma Service, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Traumatology, Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine and Community Health Sciences, O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, California USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery and Division of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Lapierre A, Gauvin-Lepage J, Lefebvre H. La collaboration interprofessionnelle lors de la prise en charge d’un polytraumatisé aux urgences : une revue de la littérature. Rech Soins Infirm 2017:73-88. [DOI: 10.3917/rsi.129.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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St John AE, Rowhani-Rahbar A, Arbabi S, Bulger EM. Role of trauma team activation in poor outcomes of elderly patients. J Surg Res 2016; 203:95-102. [PMID: 27338540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elderly trauma patients suffer worse outcomes than younger patients. Trauma team activation (TTA) improves outcomes in younger patients. It is unclear whether decreased TTA effectiveness or under-activation in elderly patients could contribute to their poor outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective registry study examined all adult trauma patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center over 2 y. Analyses tested (1) whether age modifies the effect of TTA on poor outcomes, (2) whether elderly patients with severe injury were less likely to receive TTA than younger patients, and (3) which early variables were associated with poor outcomes among elderly patients who did not receive TTA. RESULTS The study included 10,033 patients. The adjusted relative risk from TTA for all ages was 0.48 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.34-0.68, P < 0.001), and there was no effect modification by age (interaction term P value, 0.171). The adjusted odds ratio for the young was 0.49 (95% CI = 0.26-0.91, P = 0.024) and for the elderly was 0.80 (95% CI = 0.53-1.20, P = 0.282). The adjusted odds ratio for lack of TTA associated with old age was 1.37 (95% CI = 1.12-1.69, P = 0.003). The strongest associations with poor outcomes were seen with low heart rate, low minimum blood pressure, high injury severity score, and high Glasgow coma score. CONCLUSIONS Lack of TTA could contribute to elderly patients' poor outcomes. Clinicians should not be reassured by normal heart rates and should be wary of even transiently lower blood pressures in the elderly. A large cohort study is needed to identify which additional elderly patients could benefit from TTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E St John
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Ali Rowhani-Rahbar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Harborview Injury Prevention Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Saman Arbabi
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eileen M Bulger
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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