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Yari A, Hasheminasab M, Fasih P, Nouralishahi A, Arianezhad SM. The pattern of maxillofacial fractures associated with rollover accidents: A 7-year retrospective study. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:213-220. [PMID: 37881161 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to assess the incidence and pattern of maxillofacial fractures and related demographic data in the victims of rollover crashes. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study was based on medical records of patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries following rollover accidents. Investigated data included age, gender, accident date and time, accident cause, seat belt usage, airbag deployment, road type, anatomical location of the facial fracture, and treatment approach. RESULTS Among the 147 patients who met the inclusion criteria, the most prevalent age groups were 20-30 (36.7%) and 30-40 (32.7%) years, with a mean age of 33.6 ± 9.7 years. The male-to-female ratio was 6:1. Most crashes occurred in March, August, and July. These accidents involved 69.4% light vehicles and 39.6% heavy vehicles. The leading causes of rollover crashes were speeding (58.5%) followed by distracted driving (21.1%) and traffic rule violations (13.6%). The most prevalent injuries were fractures of the maxillary sinus wall (40.8%), nasal bones (39.5%), zygomaticomaxillary complex (36.1%), and the mandible (32.6%). Surgical intervention was necessary for 44.2% of patients, while 12.9% of cases underwent close reduction, and 42.9% did not require any surgical intervention. The occurrence of nasal bone fractures was significantly lower in cases where seat belts were worn and zygomatic arch fractures were less frequent in incidents with airbag deployment. CONCLUSIONS In rollover crashes, the midface is the most vulnerable anatomical location. Utilization of seat belts and airbag deployment has the potential to prevent nasal bone and zygomatic arch fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Yari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahboube Hasheminasab
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Orthodontics, Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paniz Fasih
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atieh Nouralishahi
- Sub-Department of Operations and Analytics, Department of Management, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - S Marjan Arianezhad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Golfiroozi S, Nikbakht HA, Fahim Yegane SA, Gholami Gharab S, Shojaie L, Ahmad Hosseini S, Rajabi A, Ghelichi-Ghojogh M. Effective factors of severity of traffic accident traumas based on the Haddon matrix: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1622-1630. [PMID: 38463059 PMCID: PMC10923285 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the factors affecting the severity of trauma caused by traffic accidents based on martrix Haddon; a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods In this study searched five international databases in this study, including Medline/PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar, for published articles by the end of 2022. Data were entered into the statistical program and analyses were performed using STATA 17.0 software. Odds ratio (OR) values were computed for severity accidents. Results Results of study showed that among the risk factors related to the host, not using helmet increased the risk of injury severity by 3.44 times compared to people who have used helmets (OR Not using helmet/Using helmet = 3.44, 95% CI: 2.27-5.00, P=0.001, I2=0.00%). Also, crossing over a centre divider has a protective role for the risk of injury severity compared to undertaking (OR crossing over a centre divider/undertaking=0.39, 95% CI: 0.20-0.75, P=0.01, I2=25.79%). in terms of the type of accident, accident of car-car reduces the risk of injury severity by 23% compared to accident of car-pedestrian (OR accident of car-car/accident of car-pedestrian=0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.96, P=0.02, I2=0.00%). Conclusions It is necessary to pay attention to the intersection of human, vehicle and environmental risks and their contribution and how they interact. Based on the Haddon matrix approach, special strategies can be designed to prevent road damage. Safety standards for vehicles should also be addressed through stricter legal requirements and inspections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol
| | | | - Saeed Gholami Gharab
- Emergency Medicine, Management Research Center, Health Management Reaearch Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Neonatal and Children’s Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolhalim Rajabi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
| | - Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh
- Neonatal and Children’s Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Shah A, Sikarwar V, Joshi A, Singh N, Singh A, Kardam S. Pediatric Facial Fracture in Garhwal Himalayan Region of Uttarakhand State: A Retrospective Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2024; 16:S912-S914. [PMID: 38595622 PMCID: PMC11001154 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1098_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pediatric facial fractures are fairly uncommon injuries and comprise less than 15% of all facial fractures in the literature. Objectives To analyze the pattern of pediatric facial fractures and compare the results with similar studies performed in India and the rest of the world. Materials and Methods A total of 231 patients were admitted for the treatment of maxillofacial fractures. Data on etiology, anatomical location, mode of treatment, duration of stay, and X-ray advice were recorded. Results Pediatric trauma comprised 27% of the total population. The most common cause of injury was road traffic accident (RTA), that is, 28 (43.8%) patients. Conclusion The incidence of pediatric facial trauma is high in the hilly Garhwal-Himalayan region of Uttarakhand state in India as compared to other states of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Shah
- Department of Dentistry, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vikas Sikarwar
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Government Doon Medical College Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ankur Joshi
- Department of Dentistry, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College, Pali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anshdeep Singh
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, India
| | - Shailee Kardam
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pacific Dental College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Hansda U, Mishra TS, Topno N, Sahoo S, Mohan S, Chakola S. Prehospital care and interfacility transfer of trauma patients before reaching the emergency of a level-1 trauma care center. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:656-659. [PMID: 38605763 PMCID: PMC11006027 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1271_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Management of trauma patients includes prevention, prehospital care, appropriate resuscitation at a hospital, definitive treatment, and rehabilitation. Timely and adequate care for a trauma patient is paramount, which can dramatically impact survival. This study was planned to assess the proportion of patients who failed to receive adequate prehospital care before reaching our institute. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the trauma and emergency department of a level-1 trauma center in eastern India from February to April 2022. The demographic profile, vital parameters, injury, mode of transport, travel duration, referring hospital, and any interventions as per airway/breathing/circulation/hypothermia were collected. Results The records of a hundred-two patients who were brought to the trauma and emergency department in the study period were reviewed. Road traffic accident involving two wheelers was the leading cause of injury. Eighty-three percent of the patients were referred from other health centers, of which 49 were referred from district headquarters hospitals. Only three patients out of 14 had been provided with an oropharyngeal airway for whom endotracheal intubation was indicated. Only one among the 41 patients needing Philadelphia collar actually received. Sixteen patients were provided supplemental oxygen out of the 35 for whom it was indicated. Out of 68 patients in whom intravenous cannulation and fluid administration were indicated, only 35 patients had received it. Out of 31 patients with fractures, none were provided immobilization. Conclusion The care of the trauma patients with respect to airway, breathing, circulation, and fracture immobilization was found to be grossly inadequate, emphasizing the need of structured and protocol based prehospital trauma care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Hansda
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Tushar S. Mishra
- Department of General Surgery, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nitish Topno
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sangeeta Sahoo
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sreshtaa Mohan
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sebastian Chakola
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Jung JW, Kim JG, Alwabel AAA, Jung YW, Chung KY. Successful treatment of xanthoma disseminatum with pulsed dye laser: A case report. Australas J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38189545 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Xanthoma disseminatum is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with limited treatment options due to its unknown aetiology and diffuse skin lesions. This case report presents the successful treatment of a 31-year-old male with severe pan-facial xanthoma disseminatum lesions following a facial burn and traumatic brain injury resulting from a car accident. After 5 sessions of monthly pulsed dye laser treatment, there was a clinically significant reduction in the lesions. Over the course of 3 years, the patient underwent a series of monthly pulsed dye laser treatments, and the lesions were almost cleared. These findings suggest that pulsed dye laser therapy may offer an effective treatment option for managing xanthoma disseminatum. This is the first report on use of the pulsed dye laser for treatment of xanthoma disseminatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woong Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon-Goon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Albaraa Abdullatif A Alwabel
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Woo Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Yang Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Nakajima T, Nakanishi K, Harada K, Narimatsu E, Kawaharada N. A Case of Massive Retroperitoneal Hematoma After High-Energy Trauma. Cureus 2023; 15:e51080. [PMID: 38269227 PMCID: PMC10807929 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A 66-year-old female suffered from high-energy trauma due to a traffic accident, resulting in injuries to the iliac artery and the superior mesenteric artery. She underwent endovascular embolization for vascular occlusion and an open surgical procedure to control bleeding from the superior mesenteric artery. A substantial retroperitoneal hematoma was observed on the right side, making primary closure challenging. A hematoma evacuation procedure was performed using a right retroperitoneal approach, successfully relieving the compression from the posterior aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Nakajima
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, JPN
| | - Keitaro Nakanishi
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, JPN
| | - Keisuke Harada
- Emergency Department, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, JPN
| | - Eichi Narimatsu
- Emergency Department, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, JPN
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Mayer HF, Huatuco RMP, Ramírez MF, Buena ITP. Breast Reconstruction after Blunt Breast Trauma: Systematic Review and Case Report Using the Ribeiro Technique. Arch Plast Surg 2023; 50:550-556. [PMID: 38143835 PMCID: PMC10736189 DOI: 10.1055/a-2121-7560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Blunt breast trauma occurs in 2% of blunt chest injuries. This study aimed to evaluate the evidence on breast reconstruction after blunt trauma associated with the use of a seat belt. Also, we describe the first case of breast reconstruction using the Ribeiro technique. In November 2022, a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases was conducted. The literature was screened independently by two reviewers, and the data was extracted. Our search terms included breast, mammoplasty, blunt injury, and seat belts. In addition, we present the case of a woman with a left breast deformity and her reconstruction using the inferior Ribeiro flap technique. Six articles were included. All included studies were published between 2010 and 2021. The studies recruited seven patients. According to the Teo and Song classification, seven class 2b cases were reported. In five cases a breast reduction was performed in the deformed breast with different types of pedicles (three superomedial flaps, one lower flap, one superior flap). Only one case presented complications. The case here presented was a type 2b breast deformity in which the lower Ribeiro pedicle was used successfully without complications during follow-up. Until now there has been no consensus on reconstructive treatment due to the rarity of this entity. However, we must consider surgical treatment individually for each patient. We believe that the Ribeiro technique is a feasible and safe alternative in the treatment of posttraumatic breast deformities, offering very good long-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio F. Mayer
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires Medical School, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires University Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - René M. Palacios Huatuco
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires Medical School, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires University Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano F. Ramírez
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires Medical School, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires University Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio T. Piedra Buena
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, University of Buenos Aires Medical School, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires University Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Maxwell H, Dubois S, Cottrell-Martin E, Regalado SM, Stinchcombe A, Migay M, Gibbons C, Weaver B, Bédard M. The association between diabetes and safe driving: A systematic search and review of the literature and cross-reference with the current guidelines. Diabet Med 2023; 40:e15175. [PMID: 37422905 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We conducted this review to characterize the quality of evidence about associations between diabetes and safe driving and to evaluate how these findings are reflected within current guidelines available to support clinicians and their patients with diabetes. METHODS The first stage entailed a systematic search and review of the literature. Evidence surrounding harms associated with diabetes and driving was identified, screened, extracted and appraised for quality utilizing the Newcastle Ottawa Scales (NOS). Next, relevant guidelines regarding driving and diabetes were sourced and summarized. Finally, the identified guidelines were cross-referenced with the results of the systematic search and review. RESULTS The systematic search yielded 12,461 unique citations; 52 met the criteria for appraisal. Fourteen studies were rated as 'high', two as 'medium' and 36 as 'low'. Studies with ratings of 'high' or 'medium' were extracted, revealing a body of inconsistent methods and findings. These results, cross-referenced with the guidelines, suggest a lack of agreement and a limited evidence base to justify recommendations. CONCLUSIONS The results presented emphasize the need for a better understanding of the impacts of diabetes on safe driving to inform evidence-based guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Maxwell
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research on Safe Driving, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sacha Dubois
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research on Safe Driving, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- School of Nursing, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- NOSM University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elyse Cottrell-Martin
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie M Regalado
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research on Safe Driving, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- NOSM University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arne Stinchcombe
- Centre for Research on Safe Driving, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcia Migay
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carrie Gibbons
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce Weaver
- Centre for Research on Safe Driving, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michel Bédard
- Centre for Applied Health Research, St. Joseph's Care Group, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research on Safe Driving, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
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Choi GS, Chang MC. Partial isolated tear of the popliteus tendon following an in-car traffic accident: A rare cause of knee pain: A CARE-compliant case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35270. [PMID: 37713891 PMCID: PMC10508435 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Lesions caused by traffic accidents are often microscopic and minimal; therefore, their diagnosis can be easily overlooked. Moreover, when it is a rarely reported type of lesion, it can be even more easily undiagnosed. Isolated popliteal injuries are uncommon and have rarely been reported. PATIENT CONCERNS In this case study, we describe a right partially isolated popliteus tendon rupture that was undiagnosed for 2 years in a patient with posterior knee pain after an in-car traffic accident. A 49-year-old female patient presented with right knee pain that had persisted for 2 years and was initiated after an in-car traffic accident. The patient's right knee pain aggravated while standing and walking. Six months after the accident, her pain was confined to the posterolateral aspect of the knee and subsequently spread throughout her right knee. The pain score was 4 on a numerical rating scale. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the posterolateral corner of the right knee. Additionally, right knee pain was reported in the terminal range of knee flexion during the passive range of motion test. Radiographs of the right knee showed normal findings. DIAGNOSES A T2-weighted proton density sagittal and coronal knee magnetic resonance imaging revealed a partial-thickness tear with intrasubstance ganglion cysts at the musculotendinous junction of the popliteus tendon. No other abnormalities were observed in the patient. INTERVENTION Conservative treatment involved strengthening exercises and functional rehabilitation programs. OUTCOMES Six months later, the knee pain almost completely subsided. LESSONS Musculoskeletal injuries caused by traffic accidents are frequently overlooked. Therefore, a detailed examination should be conducted for an accurate diagnosis. Clinicians should consider the possibility of popliteal tendon injuries in patients with posterior knee pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu-Sik Choi
- Cheokbareun Rehabilitation Clinic, Pohang-si, Gyeonsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Chang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Schuller A, Hohensteiner A, Sator T, Pichler L, Dangl T, Nass C, Jaindl M, Schwendenwein E, Tiefenboeck TM, Payr S. Consistently High Frequency of Scooter Injuries in Children-Retrospective Data Analysis in a Level I Trauma Centre. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1464. [PMID: 37761425 PMCID: PMC10529769 DOI: 10.3390/children10091464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to present an epidemiological overview of paediatric nonelectric-scooter-related injuries, focusing on changes in injury mechanism and frequency. A retrospective, descriptive data analysis at a Level I trauma centre, including patients aged from 0 to 18 years injured by riding nonelectric scooters, was performed. The observation period ranged from January 2015 to December 2022. The total study population consisted of 983 (mean age: 7.9 ± 4.0 years) children and adolescents, with most patients being male (800/983; 81.4%). The frequency of nonelectric scooter injuries was relatively consistent over the observation period. Patients sustained mostly minor injuries (lacerations, bone contusions, sprains) (527/983; 53.6%), followed by head injuries (238/983; 24.5%), limb fractures (166/983; 16.9%) and trunk injuries (52/983; 5.3%). However, a few patients sustained severe injuries, including skull fractures (7/238; 2.9%), intracranial haematoma (4/238; 1.7%) or lacerations of abdominal organs (4/52; 7.7%). This study presented a consistently high frequency of scooter injuries in children. Children under 15 years were the most affected by scooter-related injuries. Although most injuries were minor, serious injuries occurred that should not be underestimated. Hence, we emphasise the use of protection gear and recommend raising awareness among parents and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schuller
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
- Section of Paediatric Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Hohensteiner
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Thomas Sator
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Lorenz Pichler
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Theresia Dangl
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Cornelia Nass
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Manuela Jaindl
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
- Section of Paediatric Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schwendenwein
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
- Section of Paediatric Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M. Tiefenboeck
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Stephan Payr
- University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (A.H.); (T.S.); (L.P.); (T.D.); (C.N.); (M.J.); (E.S.); (T.M.T.)
- Section of Paediatric Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Shin N, Nam H, Kim DW, Lee YJ, Kim D, Ha IH. Effectiveness of Integrative Korean Medicine Treatment in Patients with Traffic-Accident-Induced Acute Low Back Pain and Mild Adult Scoliosis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1735. [PMID: 37372851 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effectiveness of integrative Korean medicine treatment in patients with pre-existing scoliosis who received inpatient care for traffic-accident-induced acute LBP. We selected 674 patients diagnosed with scoliosis between 1 January 2015, and 30 June 2021, using lumbar spine (L-spine) imaging, across four Korean medicine hospitals in Korea for a retrospective chart review and sent them a questionnaire-based follow-up survey. The primary outcome was a numeric rating scale (NRS) score of LBP. The secondary outcomes were the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 5-level EuroQol 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L), and patient global impression of change (PGIC) scores. In total, 101 patients responded to the follow-up survey. NRS scores decreased from 4.86 (4.71-5.02) to 3.53 (3.17-3.90) from admission to discharge, subsequently decreasing to 3.01 (2.64-3.38) (p < 0.001) at the last follow-up. Similarly, ODI scores decreased from 35.96 (33.08-38.85) to 22.73 (20.23-25.24) and 14.21 (11.74-16.67) (p < 0.001), respectively. Approximately 87.1% of patients were satisfied with their inpatient care. There were no significant differences in the degree of improvement according to the severity of scoliosis. Integrative Korean medicine treatment can improve pain, lumbar dysfunction, and quality of life in patients with traffic-accident-induced acute low back pain and pre-existing mild scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Ulsan Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, 662-9, Sinjeong-dong, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44676, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Nam
- Department of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology & Dermatology, Ulsan Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, 662-9, Sinjeong-dong, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44676, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Korean Medicine, Ulsan Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, 662-9, Sinjeong-dong, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44676, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Doori Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
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12
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Turkmen N, Kutsal C, Yavuzsan AH, Kirecci SL. Foreign Body Implanted Into the Penis During Traffic Accident. Cureus 2023; 15:e39857. [PMID: 37404440 PMCID: PMC10314996 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there are some reports describing foreign body implantation into the penis by intentional manipulation, no records about patients got aware of it many years after traffic accidents. A 29-year-old male patient had been severely injured in a traffic accident 13 years ago. Following a coma state for several months, he had no any symptom for a long time. Four years later, he got aware of the inconvenience on the ventral side of his penis during erection. His partner had also complained of pain during coitus. When he was admitted to our clinic, there was a semi-mobile, fibrous dense 2x2 cm knob on the ventral side of the penis consisting of a coronal sulcus. Under local anesthesia, we got out of a piece of glass. He was discharged after enough follow-up periods without complication. The interesting point of this case was not the clinical condition of the patient; it was that no one could consider a coma patient would have a complaint of penis injury several years later. This case showed us, one more time, how important the complete physical examination was.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihat Turkmen
- Urology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Cemil Kutsal
- Urology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Abdullah H Yavuzsan
- Urology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Sinan L Kirecci
- Urology, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
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13
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Koh S, Kenji D, Franklin R. The impact of rurality on child road traffic death in high-income countries. Aust J Rural Health 2023. [PMID: 37078571 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the importance of child road traffic death, a limited number of studies have investigated rural child road traffic death in high income countries. OBJECTIVE This review estimated the impact of rurality on child road traffic deaths and other potential risk factors in high-income countries. DESIGN We searched Ovid, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus databases and extracted studies focusing on the association between rurality and child road traffic death published between 2001 and 2021. Available data were extracted and analysed, to evaluate the impact of rurality on child road traffic death and explore other risk factors of child road traffic deaths. FINDINGS We identified 13 studies for child road traffic death between 2001 and 2021. Eight studies reported the impact of rurality on child road traffic death, and all of them alleged that the mortality rate and injury rate of children was significantly higher on rural road than on urban road. The impact of rurality varied between studies, from 1.6 times to 15 times higher incidence of road traffic death in rural areas. Vehicle type, speeding cars, driver loss of control, alcohol and drug use road environment were identified as risk factors of child road traffic death. Conversely, ethnicity, seat belts, nondeployed airbag, child restraint, strict driver licence system, camera law and accessibility of trauma centres were considered protective factors. Other factors, including age, gender and teen passengers, appeared ambiguous for child road traffic death. DISCUSSION Rurality is one of the most important risk factors of child road traffic death. Therefore, we should consider the impact that rurality has on child road death and resolve the gap between rural and urban areas in order to prevent child road traffic death effectively. CONCLUSION The findings of this literature review will assist policy-makers to prevent child road traffic death by focusing on rural regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonho Koh
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Doma Kenji
- College of Healthcare Sciences, Sports and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard Franklin
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
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14
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Blandino A, Tambuzzi S, Cotroneo R, Di Candia D, Battistini A, Giordano G, Genovese U, Zoja R. Work-related and non-work-related fatal road accidents: Assessment of psychoactive substance use in commuting. Med Sci Law 2023; 63:140-150. [PMID: 35929133 DOI: 10.1177/00258024221118415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Commuting road traffic collisions (RTCs) are one of the main causes of occupational death worldwide, including Italy. Among the prominent yet relatively understudied personal risk factors in the subpopulation of workers, there is the use of psychoactive substances. Since the phenomenon of driving under alcohol and drugs effects in the commuter sub-population has so far been poorly studied, we carried out a study by comparing results obtained from the analysis of commuters and non-commuters. The percentage of commuting RTCs victims was 10.4% out of all the RTCs. Commuter victims were mostly men, 51-60 years-old, motorcyclists (32.1%) or car drivers (28.6%), employees, deceased during Fridays and Saturdays, in the afternoon (35.7%) and in the evening (32.1%). It was possible to perform toxicological analyses in 60.7% of commuter cases: approximately 40% tested positive, always and only for ethanol (median Blood Alcohol Concentration, BAC, of about 1.03 g/L). Values above the legal limit were observed in 23.5% of the toxicological samples analyzed from commuter accidents. Our findings contribute to bridging the gap in knowledge in the area of RTCs and commuting and emphasize the importance of carrying out toxicological investigations, with possible repercussions on both insurance issues and public health strategies, which are relevant for analyzing the phenomenon structurally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Blandino
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Tambuzzi
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosy Cotroneo
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Di Candia
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Battistini
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Giordano
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Genovese
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and OncoEmatology, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zoja
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 9304University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Abstract
The COVID pandemic provides a natural experiment examining how a 50-60% reduction in pedestrian activity might lead to a reduction in pedestrian deaths. We assessed whether the reduction in pedestrian deaths was proportional to a one-to-one matching presumed in statistics correlating mobility with fatality. The primary analysis examined New York (largest city in US), and the validation analysis examined Toronto (largest city in Canada). We identified pedestrian activity in each location from the Apple Mobility database, normalized to the baseline in January 2020. We calculated monthly pedestrian deaths from the Vision Zero database in each city with baseline data from 3 prior years. We found a large initial reduction in pedestrian deaths during the lockdown in New York that was transient and not statistically significant during the summer and autumn despite sustained reductions in pedestrian activity. Similarly, we found a large initial reduction in pedestrian deaths during the lockdown in Toronto that was transient and not sustained. Together, these data suggest the substantial reductions in pedestrian activity during the COVID pandemic have no simple correlation with pedestrian fatality counts in the same locations. An awareness of this finding emphasizes the role of unmeasured modifiable individual factors beyond pedestrian infrastructure or other structural contributors.
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16
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Tonapa SI, Liu Y, Mulyadi M, Lee BO. Changes in Self-Regulation and the Predictors of Quality of Life 3 Months After Extremity Injury: A Prospective Study. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:518-526. [PMID: 34802298 DOI: 10.1177/10547738211058980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to examine self-regulation' changes (illness representations and coping strategies) and predictors of quality of life 3 months after hospital discharge. A total of 157 patients with extremity injuries from two hospitals in Indonesia completed the survey 3 months post-discharge. The results showed that patients demonstrated more positive illness representations, better coping strategies, and better quality of life 3 months post-discharge than prior discharge. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that patients' symptom identity, personal control, and treatment control were significant predictors of quality of life 3 months after extremity injury. Patients with negative perceptions of their injury-related symptoms, personal control, and treatment control at hospital discharge were at higher risk of impaired quality of life 3 months post-discharge than those with positive perceptions. Therefore, clinicians should assess and modify patients' illness representations before discharge from the hospital to achieve a better prognosis for post-injury quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santo Imanuel Tonapa
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Yi Liu
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mulyadi Mulyadi
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Bih-O Lee
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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17
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Bracher AI, Klingler S, Koba S, Jakob DA, Exadaktylos A, Klukowska-Rötzler J, Burkhard JP. Trauma Characteristics Associated with E-Scooter Accidents in Switzerland-A Case Series Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4233. [PMID: 36901244 PMCID: PMC10002011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
E-scooters have gained popularity worldwide in the last few years. Due to the increase in users, more accidents related to e-scooters can be observed. The present study aimed to analyse epidemiological data, characteristics, and severity of injuries in patients admitted to a Level I trauma centre in Switzerland (Inselspital Bern, University Hospital Bern) after accidents associated with e-scooters. This retrospective case series evaluated 23 patients who presented to the University Hospital of Bern between 1 of May 2019 and 31 of October 2021 after an e-scooter accident. Data were collected on patient demographics, time and cause of the accident, speed, alcohol consumption, helmet use, type and localisation of injury, number of injuries per patient, and outcome. Men were most frequently affected (61.9%). The mean age was 35.8 (STD 14.8) years. Slightly more than half (52.2%) of all accidents were self-inflicted. Most accidents were reported during the night (7 p.m. to 7 a.m., 60.9%) and in summer (43.5%). Alcohol consumption was reported in 43.5% of cases, with a mean blood alcohol level of 1.4 g/l. Most injuries were observed in the face (25.3%) and head/neck area (20.25%). Skin abrasions (56.5%) and traumatic brain injury (43.5%) were the most common types of traumata in terms of total number of patients. Only in one case it was reported that a protective helmet had been worn. Five patients required hospitalisation and four patients underwent surgery. Three patients underwent emergency orthopaedic surgery, and one patient underwent emergency neurosurgery. E-scooter accidents result in a significant number of facial and head/neck injuries. E-scooter riders would potentially benefit from a helmet to protect them in the event of an accident. Additionally, the results of this study indicate that a significant number of e-scooter accidents in Switzerland occurred under the influence of alcohol. Prevention campaigns to raise awareness of the risks of driving e-scooters under the influence of alcohol could help prevent future accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Insa Bracher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Klingler
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Koba
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Andreas Jakob
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aristomenis Exadaktylos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jolanta Klukowska-Rötzler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - John-Patrik Burkhard
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Cleft and Craniofacial Center Professor J. A. Obwegeser, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Arita A, Kumagai H, Sawatari H, Hoshino T, Konishi N, Murase Y, Urabe A, Nomura A, Sasanabe R, Shiomi T. Advanced emergency braking system reduces the risk of motor vehicle collisions caused by falling asleep while driving in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13713. [PMID: 36053798 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea leads to excessive daytime sleepiness and cognitive dysfunction, which are risk factors for motor vehicle collisions. We aimed to clarify if vehicles with an advanced emergency braking system could reduce motor vehicle collisions caused by falling asleep while driving among patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea. We enrolled patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea who underwent polysomnography. The questionnaires included the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, history of drowsy driving accidents, and use of an advanced emergency braking system. Multivariate analysis was performed, and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. This study included 1097 patients (mean age, 51.2 ± 12.9 years). Collisions caused by falling asleep while driving were recorded in 59 (5.4%) patients, and were more frequently observed in vehicles without an advanced emergency braking system (p = 0.045). Multivariate analysis showed that these collisions were associated with use of an advanced emergency braking system (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.39 [0.16-0.97], p = 0.04), length of driving (2.79 [1.19-6.50], p = 0.02), total sleep time (2.40 [1.62-3.55], p < 0.0001), sleep efficiency (0.94 [0.90-0.98], p = 0.003) and periodic limb movement index (1.02 [1.01-1.03], p = 0.004). The collision risk caused by falling asleep while driving in vehicles with an advanced emergency braking system was significantly lower. This study indicates that advanced emergency braking systems may be a preventive measure to reduce motor vehicle collisions among patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Arita
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hajime Kumagai
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sawatari
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Perioperative and Critical Care Management, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hoshino
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Konishi
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoko Murase
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ayako Urabe
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Nomura
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryujiro Sasanabe
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shiomi
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Disorders Center, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
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19
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Shah N, Mello MJ, Bromberg JR, Lueckel S. Older Adult Pedestrian Injury in Rhode Island, 2017-2020. R I Med J (2013) 2023; 106:29-33. [PMID: 36706205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of older adult pedestrian injury in Rhode Island. METHODS Descriptive univariate analysis of data from Rhode Island Hospital's trauma registry on patients admitted for pedestrian-related injuries between 2017-2020. RESULTS The rate of pedestrian injury in older adults was 1.5 times the rate in adults age 18-49. Injured older adult pedestrians experienced a higher rate of serious adverse events during hospitalization (18.0%) than their younger counterparts (10.3%) and had almost twice the mortality rate (14.9% versus 7.6%). Across ages, pedestrian injury rates are higher in densely populated areas, and those injured disproportionately are male and have comorbid alcohol and substance use disorders. CONCLUSIONS The increased risk of pedestrian injury in older adults is evident and necessitates intervention. Further research is warranted on the root causes of higher pedestrian injury and mortality rates among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niralee Shah
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Michael J Mello
- Injury Prevention Center at Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Julie R Bromberg
- Injury Prevention Center at Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Stephanie Lueckel
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery at Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
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20
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Ojima M, Ishida K, Katayama Y, Hirose T, Nakao S, Tachino J, Noda T, Umemura Y, Kiguchi T, Kiyohara K, Matsuyama T, Kitamura T, Oda J, Ohnishi M. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on epidemiology, treatment, and outcome of major trauma in Japan in 2020: a retrospective observational nationwide registry-based study. Acute Med Surg 2023; 10:e817. [PMID: 36698916 PMCID: PMC9849826 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The nationwide impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on major trauma in Japan is unknown. The nationwide registry-based data of the Japanese Trauma Data Bank were analyzed to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes of major trauma patients. Methods Among patients transported directly from the injury site by ambulance with an Injury Severity Score of ≥16, we compared patients managed from April to December in 2019 to those managed from April to December in 2020. Results In total, 9792 patients were included in this study (2019, n = 5194; 2020, n = 4598). There were no significant differences in age or sex, but there were significant differences between 2019 and 2020 in the rates of "self-injury (suicide)", "motor vehicle accident", "fall from height", "fall down", and "fall to the ground", which are factors associated with patient age. Injury severity in 2019 and 2020 did not differ to a statistically significant extent, but the rate of major spinal injury increased. The time of prehospital care significantly increased in 2020 compared to 2019. There was no noticeable change in hospital treatment or in-hospital mortality between 2019 and 2020. Conclusion This study suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic might have altered the injuries of major trauma; however, medical services for major trauma were well supplied in Japan in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ojima
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical CenterNational Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Kenichiro Ishida
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical CenterNational Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yusuke Katayama
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Tomoya Hirose
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Shunichiro Nakao
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Jotaro Tachino
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Noda
- Department of Traumatology and Critical Care MedicineOsaka Metropolitan University School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yutaka Umemura
- Department of Emergency and Critical CareOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Takeyuki Kiguchi
- Department of Emergency and Critical CareOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Kosuke Kiyohara
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home EconomicsOtsuma Women's UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tasuku Matsuyama
- Department of Emergency MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Jun Oda
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Mitsuo Ohnishi
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical CenterNational Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan
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21
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Aghayari H, R Kalankesh L, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Feizi-Derakhshi MR. Quality Assessment of the Road Traffic Health and Safety Apps with a Focus on the Five Rights of Information Management. Perspect Health Inf Manag 2023; 20:1c. [PMID: 37215339 PMCID: PMC9860471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective The expansion of mobile applications as a tool for road traffic health and safety may develop several issues from the perspective of information management. Quality assessment of these apps, especially from an information system management perspective, appears inevitable, as their possible low quality may cause irreversible injury or fatal consequences. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of the apps in the three subcategories of road traffic safety apps (including Accident Record and Report (ARR), Distraction Management (DM), and Vehicle Operating, Fixing, and Maintenance (VOFM)) using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS), which rates 23 evaluation criteria organized in five domains (Engagement, Esthetics, Information, and Subjective Quality) with particular attention to the five rights framework of health information system. Method The researchers retrieved road traffic health and safety mobile apps from Google Play. First, the domain expert panel (n= 7) (from disciplines of HIM and medical informatics) was formed. They scrutinized and discussed the MARS items and mapped them into the five rights framework of information quality. Moreover, the researchers assigned the apps to the information system or decision support system category. Two researchers independently reviewed the apps and conducted the qualitative content analysis to categorize them into ARR, DM, and VOFM classes. Finally, the quality of the apps was assessed using the MARS rating scale (max=5) in terms of 1) app classification category with a descriptive aim; 2) app subjective and objective quality categories comprised of engagement, functionality, esthetics, and information sections; and 3) an optional app-specific section. The mean scores for the subjective quality, objective quality, and app-specific sections were calculated separately for each mobile app. A score ≥ 3.0 was considered acceptable. Results A total number of 42 apps met the criteria for the assessment. The average objective quality scores were computed as 2.6, 2.2, and 3.0 for the ARR, DM, and VOFM apps, respectively. Therefore, the quality of the apps in the ARR and DM subgroups was not acceptable. Moreover, the quality of the apps in the VOFM subcategory was considered moderate. Furthermore, the subjective quality and app-specific sections of apps in the ARR and DM categories were less than moderate. Most apps had the potential of an information system or decision support system. Also, the criteria measured by MARS could be mapped to the five rights framework of information management. Conclusion The findings of this study revealed the existing gaps in three subcategories of road traffic safety apps. Considering the multiple criteria of the MARS and having in mind the framework of five rights, developers of the apps may develop better products in road traffic health and safety.
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22
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Wang D, Huang Y, Cai Z. A two-phase clustering approach for traffic accident black spots identification: integrated GIS-based processing and HDBSCAN model. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2023; 30:270-281. [PMID: 36608271 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2022.2164309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Identifying black spots effectively and accurately is a pivotal and challenging task to improve road traffic safety. A novel black spot identification model is proposed by integrating the GIS-based processing with hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise. Additionally, the optimal clustering parameters are determined based on an internal validation indicator called the density-based clustering validation index to minimize the impact of subjectivity in parameter selection. The model is validated by collecting 3536 accident data from 1 August to 31 October 2020 in Hangzhou, China, and eventually identifies 39 black spots. The results show that: (1) The number of accidents contained in black spots account for 75% of all accidents, while the length of network in the black spots only account for 23.26% of the total road network length. (2) Compared with the conventional density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise model and K-means model, the proposed model achieves the best performance with more accidents gathered per unit road length. (3) The sample survey with 6 onsite of the identified black spots indicates that the proposed model has high recognition accuracy and recommend these sites for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianhai Wang
- Institute of Intelligent Transportation Systems, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulang Huang
- Institute of Intelligent Transportation Systems, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Architectural Design & Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyi Cai
- Institute of Intelligent Transportation Systems, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Gani MA, Budiatin AS, Shinta DW, Ardianto C, Khotib J. Bovine hydroxyapatite-based scaffold accelerated the inflammatory phase and bone growth in rats with bone defect. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2023; 21:22808000221149193. [PMID: 36708249 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221149193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biomaterial widely used to treat bone defect, such as due to traffic accident. The HA scaffold is obtained from synthetic HA or natural sources, such as bovine hydroxyapatite (BHA). This study aims to compare the characteristics and in vivo performance of BHA-based and HA-based scaffolds. For this purpose, the scaffold was formulated with gelatin (GEL) and characterised by SEM-EDX, FTIR and mini autograph. The defect model was carried out on the femur area of Wistar rats classified into three animal groups: defect, HA-GEL and BHA-GEL. Postoperatively (7, 14 and 28 days), the bone was radiologically evaluated, and stained with haematoxylin-eosin, anti-CD80 and anti-CD163. The BHA-GEL scaffold showed a regular surface and spherical particle shape, whereas the HA-GEL scaffold exhibited irregular surface. The BHA-GEL scaffold had higher pore size and compressive strength and lower calcium-to-phosphorus ratio than the HA-GEL scaffold. In vivo study showed that the expression of CD80 in the three experimental groups was not significantly different. However, the expression of CD163 differed significantly between the groups. The BHA-GEL group showed robust expression of CD163 on day 7, which rapidly decreased over time. It also showed increased osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes cell count that contributed to the integrity of the defect area. In conclusion, the BHA-based scaffold exhibited the desired physical and chemical characteristics that benefit in vivo performance versus the HA-based scaffold. Thus, the BHA-based scaffold may be used as a bone graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apriliani Gani
- Doctoral Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Dewi Wara Shinta
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Zou D, Fan Y, Liu N, Zhang J, Liu D, Liu Q, Li Z, Wang J, Huang J. Multiobjective optimization algorithm for accurate MADYMO reconstruction of vehicle-pedestrian accidents. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1032621. [PMID: 36545682 PMCID: PMC9760744 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1032621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In vehicle-pedestrian accidents, the preimpact conditions of pedestrians and vehicles are frequently uncertain. The incident data for a crash, such as vehicle deformation, injury of the victim, distance of initial position and rest position of accident participants, are useful for verification in MAthematical DYnamic MOdels (MADYMO) simulations. The purpose of this study is to explore the use of an improved optimization algorithm combined with MADYMO multibody simulations and crash data to conduct accurate reconstructions of vehicle-pedestrian accidents. The objective function of the optimization problem was defined as the Euclidean distance between the known vehicle, human and ground contact points, and multiobjective optimization algorithms were employed to obtain the local minima of the objective function. Three common multiobjective optimization algorithms-nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II), neighbourhood cultivation genetic algorithm (NCGA), and multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO)-were compared. The effect of the number of objective functions, the choice of different objective functions and the optimal number of iterations were also considered. The final reconstructed results were compared with the process of a real accident. Based on the results of the reconstruction of a real-world accident, the present study indicated that NSGA-II had better convergence and generated more noninferior solutions and better final solutions than NCGA and MOPSO. In addition, when all vehicle-pedestrian-ground contacts were considered, the results showed a better match in terms of kinematic response. NSGA-II converged within 100 generations. This study indicated that multibody simulations coupled with optimization algorithms can be used to accurately reconstruct vehicle-pedestrian collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Zou
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningguo Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Dikun Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengdong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhengdong Li, ; Jiang Huang, ; Jinming Wang,
| | - Jinming Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhengdong Li, ; Jiang Huang, ; Jinming Wang,
| | - Jiang Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Zhengdong Li, ; Jiang Huang, ; Jinming Wang,
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25
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Sokolovskij E, Juodka E. Research on the Circumstances of a Car-Cyclist Collision, Based on the Trajectory of the Cyclist's Movement after the Collision. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:6324. [PMID: 36080781 PMCID: PMC9460042 DOI: 10.3390/s22176324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article examines a simulated collision between a car and a cyclist, assessing the trajectory of the cyclist's movement after the impact, namely the throwing distances and angles of the cyclist and bicycle. Information about the car and cyclist models used for the study is provided. Special software PC CRASH 8.1 for the analysis and reconstruction of traffic accidents was used to simulate a car-cyclist collision. Simulations of car-cyclist collisions were carried out, with different speeds for the car and the cyclist, and locations at the time of the impact. The movement of a bicycle after a crash tends to be irregular and is dependent on various parameters that are usually not possible to evaluate. Therefore, the parameters of the movement of the bicycle after the collision (the throwing angle and the distance) usually do not allow determination of the speed of the car before the accident. The movement of the cyclist after impact was more informative for determining the speed of the car before the accident. For example, when there was an angle of 30°, 60°, or 90° between the longitudinal axes of the car and the cyclist, there was a clear dependence between the speed of the car and the cyclist's throwing distance, and usually also between the speed of the car and the cyclist's throwing angle. Thus, in such cases, it is possible to determine approximately the initial speed of the car before the collision, based on the trajectory of the cyclist's movement after the impact, namely his throwing distance and angle. In cases of real traffic accidents, with knowledge of the location of the car-cyclist collision and the position of the cyclist after the traffic accident, the speed of the car before the accident can be determined according to the abovementioned dependencies. Thus, the proposed methodology could be used in the reconstruction and examination of traffic accidents.
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Gholami J, Baheshmat S, Rostam-Abadi Y, Hamzehzadeh M, Mojtabai R, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Amin-Esmaeili M. Mortality and negative outcomes of opioid use and opioid use disorder: a 6-year follow-up study. Addiction 2022; 117:2059-2066. [PMID: 35037359 DOI: 10.1111/add.15805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is a paucity of data on outcomes of opioid use disorder (OUD) from low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to investigate the mortality as well as negative social and health outcomes in a 6-year follow-up study of a cohort of individuals with opioid use, including those with OUD, in Iran. DESIGN AND SETTING Participants with opioid use initially interviewed in late 2011 in the Iranian National Mental Health Survey (IranMHS)-a household survey of 15-64-year-old population-were followed-up in early 2018. PARTICIPANTS All respondents (n = 236) who had reported use of any opioids at least five times during the 12-month period prior to the index interview were included in the study. MEASUREMENTS Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 2.1 was used for assessment of opioid use and OUD at baseline. Vital status in the follow-up was ascertained through contact with participants/informants, primarily via telephone calls and also through the death registration systems. Weighted incidence rates of negative consequences of opioid use (e.g. incarceration, suicide attempts, violent behavior) were estimated for those who were interviewed. FINDINGS Seven (3.3%) of the 236 participants with opioid use including four (3.1%) of the 136 with OUD had died by the time of the follow-up interview, resulting in death rates of 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21-1.38] and 0.53 (95% CI = 0.16-2.62) per 100 person-years, respectively. Overall, 35.0% of participants with opioid use and 44.0% of those with OUD among the 145 individuals interviewed at follow-up experienced non-fatal serious adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS In Iran, opioid use and opioid use disorder are associated with increased mortality and other adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Gholami
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Baheshmat
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasna Rostam-Abadi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Hamzehzadeh
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Mojtabai
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health and Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Amin-Esmaeili
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Mental Health Department, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Bobrov N, Mandelík J, Vémola A, Obrátilová A, Šejnoha B. Assessment of seat-belt related injuries using the FORTIS forensic system. J Med Life 2022; 14:636-644. [PMID: 35027965 PMCID: PMC8742897 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents (1) a case of an injury to an unbelted passenger and (2) the possibilities of proving the occurrence of injuries to traffic accident participants. We demonstrate the case of an injury to a passenger who failed to fasten her seat belt, and question whether her injuries would have been equally serious if she had fastened her seat belt. Theoretical bases and methods for the interdisciplinary procedure of medical examiners using the PC Fortis program and technical analysts of traffic accidents using the PC Crash program are presented. Furthermore, individual practical steps are documented, the result showing that the injuries to the passenger would have occurred, but, to a minimum extent, i.e., 6.9% of the original injuries, which would have not exceeded the legal limit for damage to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Bobrov
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of P. J. Šafárik Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Mandelík
- Department of Transport Safety, The University of Security Management in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Aleš Vémola
- Institute of Forensic, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Obrátilová
- Institute of Forensic, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Šejnoha
- Department of Transport Safety, The University of Security Management in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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28
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Chang YH, Cheng YY, Hou WH, Chien YW, Chang CH, Chen PL, Lu TH, Yovita Hendrati L, Li CY, Foo NP. Risk of Mortality in Association with Pregnancy in Women Following Motor Vehicle Crashes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:911. [PMID: 35055738 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the association between mortality risk and motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women. We used relevant MeSH terms to identify epidemiological studies of mortality risk in relation to MVCs from PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for quality assessment. For comparison of mortality from MVCs between pregnant and nonpregnant women, the pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model. The eight studies selected met all inclusion criteria. These studies included 14,120 injured victims who were pregnant at the time of the incident and 207,935 victims who were not pregnant. Compared with nonpregnant women, pregnant women had a moderate but insignificant decrease in mortality risk (pooled OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.38–1.22, I2 = 88.71%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled OR significantly increased at 1.64 (95% CI = 1.16–2.33, I2 < 0.01%) for two studies with a similar difference in the mean injury severity score (ISS) between pregnant and nonpregnant women. Future studies should further explore the risk factors associated with MVCs in pregnant women to reduce maternal mortality.
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Shigeev SV, Morozov YE, Osipov AA, Storozhenko EV. [Forensic medical characteristics of fatal injuries in a traffic accident in the car cabin]. Sud Med Ekspert 2022; 65:26-29. [PMID: 36196836 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20226505126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study objective is to identify the most common fatal injuries in car accidents and observe the trends of the proportion of deaths at the scene, in an ambulance, and a hospital. We analyzed all forensic examination reports (protocols) of those who died in the car due to a traffic accident in Moscow from 2018 to 2020. Male drivers died 15 times more often than female drivers, and male passengers died twice as often as females. Most of the victims were young and middle-aged. Both drivers and passengers most commonly had traumatic brain injury with fractures of the bones of the vault and base of the skull, intracranial hemorrhages, crushing, and dislocation of the damaged brain. At the scene of traffic accidents, the cause of death was fatal bodily injuries. An increased risk of fatal traffic accidents was identified in autumn and winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Shigeev
- Bureau of Forensic Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu E Morozov
- Bureau of Forensic Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Osipov
- Bureau of Forensic Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Storozhenko
- Bureau of Forensic Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
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Azami-Aghdash S, Gorji HA, Gharaee H, Moosavi A, Sadeghi-Bazargani H. Role of Health Sector in Road Traffic Injuries Prevention: A Public Health Approach. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:150. [PMID: 34912526 PMCID: PMC8631116 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_225_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although the main burden of the Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) is on the health sector, compared with other sectors, no clear definition is available about its role in the prevention of the RTIs. So this study has been performed to define the role of the health sector in the prevention of RTIs –before the incidence. Methods: In this qualitative study with a grounded theory approach, the possible roles of the health sector in the prevention of the RTIs were identified in three phases. At the first stage of the study, the roles of the health system in the prevention of the RTIs identified from the literature. In the next step, semi-structured interviews (ranged from 45 to 90 minutes) with 42 experts were done for identifyingroles. Finally, Consensus attained on the identified roles by using the Delphi technique and with the participation of 30 experts. Results: Literature review and interviews resulted in 42 and 86 roles for the health sector in the prevention of the RTIs, respectively. After removing the duplicates and merging the similar, 46 roles were entered into Delphi. Five roles excluded in the Delphi leaving 41 roles in 7 dimensions of communications (6 roles), intra-sector cooperation (9 roles), inter-sector leadership (6 roles), evaluation (6 roles), research (5 roles), education (3 roles), and health-specific issues (6 roles). Conclusions: It seems that the health sector can help an impressing reduction of the RTIs by playing the roles identified in this study, which the most important of them is Communication/Informing role. So first the general public and then the health sector itself would benefit from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Azami-Aghdash
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolghasem Gorji
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojatolah Gharaee
- Health Center of Hamadan City, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Moosavi
- Department of Health and Community Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
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Ishii W, Hitosugi M, Baba M, Kandori K, Arai Y. Factors Affecting Death and Severe Injury in Child Motor Vehicle Passengers. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111431. [PMID: 34828478 PMCID: PMC8624717 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saving children from motor vehicle collisions is a high priority because the injury rate among motor vehicle passengers has been increasing in Japan. This study aimed to examine the factors that influence death and serious injury in child motor vehicle passengers to establish effective preventive measures. To identify these factors, we performed a retrospective study using a nationwide medical database. The data of child motor vehicle passengers younger than 15 years (n = 1084) were obtained from the Japanese Trauma Data Bank, registered from 2004 to 2019. Physiological variables, outcomes, and injury severity were compared between fatal and non-fatal patients and between those with and without severe injuries. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors affecting fatality and severe injury. The Glasgow Coma Scale score (odds ratio (OR): 1.964), body temperature (OR: 2.578), and the Abbreviated Injury Scale score of the head (OR: 0.287) were identified as independent predictors of a non-fatal outcome. Systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.012), the Glasgow Coma Scale score (OR: 0.705), and Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma positivity (OR: 3.236) were identified as independent predictors of having severe injury. Decreasing the severity of head injury is the highest priority for child motor vehicle passengers to prevent fatality and severe injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ishii
- Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-231-5171
| | - Masahito Hitosugi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan;
| | - Mineko Baba
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Kenji Kandori
- Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yusuke Arai
- Kyoto Daini Red Cross Hospital, Critical Care Center, Emergency of Medicine, Haruobi, Kamazamarutamachi, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-8026, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.A.)
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Jeong JH, Ku J, Hwang JH. A Single-Center Retrospective Study on the Effects of Korean Medicine in 342 Traffic Accident Cases. J Pharmacopuncture 2021; 24:122-137. [PMID: 34631194 PMCID: PMC8481673 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2021.24.3.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In South Korea, traffic accident victims can be treated under automobile insurance coverage. Korean medicine (KM) clinics have reported the largest number of automobile insurance fee claims among medical institutions. This study investigated the status of the KM automobile insurance system in a single KM clinic. Methods We retrospectively surveyed the medical charts of 342 traffic accident patients treated at the Jisung KM clinic between January 2009 and June 2017. Results Most of the patients were men and in their 30s. The most common method of locating the clinic was an internet search. The most common traffic accident type was collision between vehicles (83.63%), with 70.76% of patients visiting during the most acute phase. The major disease codes included S434, M4836, F072, S0600, and S3350. The most frequent treatment period was within 1 month of the accident, and most patients received 10 or fewer treatments. The mean treatment duration and number of treatments were 37.68 ± 45.11 days and 11.68 ± 10.63 treatments, respectively. The initial pain numerical rating scale (NRS), 7.32 ± 0.96, decreased to 3.57 ± 1.40 at the end of treatment, with a symptom improvement score of 1.87 ± 0.60. Regarding sex, age, disease duration, location at the time of the accident, presence of additional and psychological symptoms, and chuna, there were statistically significant differences in treatment duration and number of treatments. A higher number of treatments and the longer treatment duration was associated with a higher initial NRS, lower post-treatment NRS, and better improvement score. Since the introduction of traffic accident (TA) pharmacopuncture, the rate of use of a single type of pharmacopuncture increased; however, no significant differences in treatment duration and number, NRS before and after treatment, and improvement score were observed between treatment groups before and after TA pharmacopuncture. No adverse reactions were observed for any treatment. Conclusion This study confirmed the previous findings of a high treatment effect of KM under automobile insurance. We also observed significant correlations based on a detailed medical status, which may explain the increasing use of KM in the automobile insurance system. Additional multi-center studies in different regions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Jeong
- Jisung-Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaseung Ku
- Bogwang Korean Medical Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Hwang
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Sapsirisavat V, Mahikul W. Drinking and Night-Time Driving May Increase the Risk of Severe Health Outcomes: A 5-Year Retrospective Study of Traffic Injuries among International Travelers at a University Hospital Emergency Center in Thailand. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:9823. [PMID: 34574746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Road traffic injury (RTI) is a leading cause of death in developing countries. This burden affects not only locals, but also international travelers. Data on international travelers with RTIs in Thailand, especially from a medical perspective, are limited. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with severe health outcomes following RTIs among international travelers at a university hospital emergency center in Thailand from January 2015 to December 2019. The retrieved data consisted of demographics, risks, preventive factors, and health outcomes. The severity of outcome was classified as fatality, hospitalization, or non-severe. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to identify the possible determinants of severity of health outcome among international travelers with RTI. A total of 720 travelers with RTIs (69% males; 82.5% were Southeast Asian) were included, with a mean age of 28.5 years. Of these, 144 (20%) had severe health outcomes: 64 (9%) fatalities and 80 (11%) hospitalizations. The level of severity of outcome was not associated with travelers’ demographics, but was associated with conventional risk factors, i.e., motorcycle use, alcohol/drug use, night-time driving, and less use of seatbelt/helmet. In a multinomial logistic regression analysis, alcohol drinking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41–4.55) and night-time driving (AOR 2.54, 95% CI 1.36–4.75) were associated with hospitalization. Patients who had a history of tetanus vaccination were less likely to die (AOR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17–0.81). In conclusion, one-fifth of RTIs resulted in severe health outcomes, and 9% were fatal. Road safety campaigns in Thailand should target travelers of all nationalities. Interventions that enhance travelers’ safety practices and proper preparation for road accidents should be explored further.
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Yao J, Wang B, Hou Y, Huang L. Analysis of Vehicle Collision on an Assembled Anti-Collision Guardrail. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21155152. [PMID: 34372389 PMCID: PMC8348905 DOI: 10.3390/s21155152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Traffic accidents such as vehicle collisions with bridge guardrails occur frequently. These accidents cause damage to the driver and the vehicle as well as the bridge. A new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail is proposed in this study. LS-DYNA is a nonlinear display dynamic analysis software used to evaluate the safety of a new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail. A specific, numerically analyzed model of vehicle–guardrail collision is established using LS-DYNA. The energy distribution–time curve of the vehicle collision process is obtained. After comparison with measured data from the vehicle collision test, the model of vehicle–guardrail collision is verified as being correct. Based on this, we analyze the process of a vehicle collision on the assembled anti-collision guardrail. The result shows that the assembled anti-collision guardrail proposed in this paper can better change the trajectory of a moving vehicle and can prevent the vehicle from falling off the bridge. From the car body collision results, the assembled anti-collision guardrail for bridges proposed in this paper can reduce vehicle damage and can protect the driver effectively. From the analysis of the main girder stress on the bridge, an anti-collision guardrail installed on an existing bridge will not cause damage to the main girder during a collision. In order to study the influence of the four parameters on the anti-collision effect, we carried out a comparative calculation of multiple working conditions. The results show that the new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail has good protective performance under different working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Yao
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yujie Hou
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Liang Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence:
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Knott J, Yap C, Mitra B, Gerdtz M, Daniel C, Braitberg G. Screening major trauma patients for prevalence of illicit drugs. Drug Alcohol Rev 2021; 41:285-292. [PMID: 34263497 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Australasian emergency departments (ED) routinely test patient alcohol levels following major trauma, but assessment for illicit drugs is uncommon. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study of major motor-vehicle-related trauma patients attending both adult major trauma centres in Victoria, Australia. All eligible patients had point-of-care saliva testing to determine the prevalence of common illicit drugs. RESULTS Over 12 months, 1411 patients were screened, 36 refused (2.6%) and 63 were excluded. Of the final 1312 cases included, 173 (13.2%; 95% confidence interval 11.5, 15.1) tested positive to at least one illicit substance, with 133 (76.9%; 69.7, 82.8) positive for meth/amphetamines. One in five had more than one illicit substance detected. Patients testing positive were most frequently in motor vehicles (91.9% vs. 85.6%) and least frequently cyclists (2.3% vs. 4.2%) or pedestrians (5.2% vs. 10.3%), compared to those testing negative. They were younger (mean age 35.4 vs. 43.1 years), more likely to arrive overnight (27.2% vs. 12.1%) or after single vehicle crashes (54.3% vs. 42.3%). Although the initial disposition from ED did not differ, those testing positive were more likely to re-present within 28 days (13.9% vs. 5.4%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of potentially illicit substances among patients presenting with suspected major trauma supports the need for urgent preventive strategies. The low rate of patient refusal and large numbers screened by ED staff suggests that point-of care testing for illicit substances in major trauma is acceptable and feasible. This study and ongoing surveillance may be used to inform driver education strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Knott
- Emergency Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Celene Yap
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Biswadev Mitra
- Emergency Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marie Gerdtz
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catherine Daniel
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George Braitberg
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Gani MA, Nurhan AD, Budiatin AS, Siswodihardjo S, Khotib J. Predicting the molecular mechanism of glucosamine in accelerating bone defect repair by stimulating osteogenic proteins. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:373-377. [PMID: 34214297 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone defect is serious condition that is usually caused by traffic accident. Chitosan is a polymer developed as a scaffold to treat bone defect. However, the mechanism by which chitosan can accelerate bone growth in defect area is still unclear. This study aims to identify proteins which are crucial to the osteogenic properties of chitosan monomer using an in silico study. METHODS Molecular docking was carried out on chitosan monomer, which are d-glucosamine and glucosamine 6-phosphate units against bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), fibronectin, fibroblast growth factor (Fgf), and phosphate transporter (PiT) using AutoDock Vina. Ligand preparation was carried out using Chem3D version 15.0.0.106, while protein preparation was performed using AutoDockTools version 1.5.6. RESULTS The results showed that glucosamine 6-phosphate had the best binding affinity with fibronectin and PiT, which was -5.7 kcal mol-1 on both proteins, while d-glucosamine had the best binding affinity with PiT (-5.2 kcal mol-1). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the osteogenic properties of chitosan may be due to the presence of bonds between glucosamine units and fibronectin and/or PiT. However, in vitro studies need to be done to prove this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apriliani Gani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Dzulfikri Nurhan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aniek Setiya Budiatin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Li X, Sun L, Li Q, Wang L. Prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder by acute stress disorder in traffic accident survivors. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:2502-2509. [PMID: 34165271 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2008-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To investigate the predictive effect of different symptoms of early acute stress disorder (ASD) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in traffic accident survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 206 traffic accident survivors were assessed with the Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS) within 2-23 days after accidents, as well as with 17-item PTSD Checklist-Specific Stressor Version (PCL-S) during 4-12 months after accidents. All into the first group of subjects by senior surgeon assessment, based on the clinical, radiological and laboratory examination, excluded traumatic brain injuries and mild brain injury. And then, assessmented by clinical psychological practitioner. RESULTS The severity of ASD can significantly predict the severity of PTSD symptoms. ASD reexperience symptoms and avoidance symptoms can significantly predict PTSD reexperience symptoms and avoidance symptoms. ASD hyperarousal symptoms can significantly predict PTSD hyperarousal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS ASD and PTSD are common psychological disorders among traffic accident survivors. ASD can predict the symptoms and severity of PTSD.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute/diagnosis
- Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute/epidemiology
- Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute/psychology
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology
- Accidents, Traffic/psychology
- Survivors/psychology
- Brain Injuries
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Li
- Department of , Qingzhou Clinical Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Luyi Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Qingzhou Clinical Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Qingzhou Clinical Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Dugral E, Sanli A, Can İO. Medicolegal Evaluation of Long-Term Respiratory Functions in Patients Injured Due to Traffic Accidents. Cureus 2021; 13:e15642. [PMID: 34306852 PMCID: PMC8279099 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Blunt chest trauma is a frequent injury in developing countries, with motor vehicle accidents being the most common cause. Most studies about the effects of post-traumatic injuries on pulmonary functions are related to the acute phase. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of injury type on pulmonary function tests as a long-term disability in patients with severe chest trauma due to traffic accidents. Methods In our study, 53 patients were admitted to the Forensic Expert Council with the aim of determining the disability ratio at least six months after the traffic accident. All patients who had a respiratory function test because of respiratory symptoms and whose reporting period was completed were appreciated. A retrospective examination of the forensic committee reports, types of injuries, and current pulmonary function test results were analyzed and the data were evaluated by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 program (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). Results Thirty-two (32) of the patients were male while 21 were female. Their average age was 39.88 ± 15.29. Sixty-six percent (66%; n: 35) of the cases were injured due to in-vehicle traffic accidents, 18.9% (n: 10) due to motorcycle accidents, 15.1% (n: 8) due to non-vehicle traffic accidents. The number of cases with costa fractures was 47 and 74.4% of these cases had three or more rib fractures. The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC-Tiffeneau-Pinelli index) was calculated as 85.3% ± 9.45, and the average FVC was 84.3 ± 14.98%. The average number of rib fractures in all patients was 3.41 ± 2.24. It was observed that tube thoracostomy was performed in seven of 12 cases with FEV1/FVC below 80%, and the average number of rib fractures was 3.75. In 20 cases where the FVC average was below 80%, the mean number of rib fractures was 3.8, and tube thoracostomy was performed in 10 of these cases. The highest FEV1 value was 116%, and the lowest FEV1 value was 35%. The FEV1 value of 23 cases was between 75% and 95%. The highest FEV1/FVC value was 113% and the lowest FEV1/FVC value was 50%. The FEV1/FVC values of 38 cases were between 80% and 100%. Conclusions In our study, most patients achieve near-complete recovery in pulmonary function tests; the impact of pre-existing pulmonary compromise on recovery is less known. The number of rib fractures can reflect the severity of the blunt trauma but it would not necessarily predict the resulting pulmonary function. These results are consistent with the previous studies. Further larger prospective studies are required to investigate different factors affecting prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Dugral
- Department of Pulmonology, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, TUR
| | - Aydin Sanli
- Department of Thorax Surgery, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, TUR
| | - İsmail Ozgur Can
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, TUR
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Oda Y, Motomura T, Matsumoto H. Reality of traffic injuries attributable to preceding decreased level of consciousness. Acute Med Surg 2021; 8:e649. [PMID: 33968413 PMCID: PMC8088396 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Although decreased level of consciousness (DLOC) while driving may lead to serious accidents involving drivers and people around them, including passengers and pedestrians, few studies have assessed traffic injuries attributable to preceding DLOC. We aimed to identify factors suggestive of a DLOC preceding traffic injury during initial examination. Methods This study included 193 drivers who were brought to our facility during the 1‐year period from January to December 2018. The drivers were divided into those with and without DLOC for comparison and analysis. Data on age, sex, causes of DLOC, and medical history were retrospectively reviewed from medical records. Results Of these 193 drivers, 58 (30.1%) had experienced preceding DLOC. The following factors suggested possible episodes of preceding DLOC: a single‐vehicle accident (odds ratio [OR] 3.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76–7.34; P < 0.001) and histories of hypertension (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.13–6.15; P = 0.0248) and psychiatric disorders (OR 3.49; 95% CI 1.08–11.3; P = 0.0370). The causes of DLOC were endogenous diseases in 20 drivers (34.3%), dozing off episodes in 19 (32.8%), and acute alcohol intoxication in 11 (19.0%). Conclusion Before traffic accidents, 30.1% of drivers experienced DLOC. Single‐vehicle accidents and histories of hypertension and psychiatric disorders were factors suggestive of preceding DLOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Oda
- Shock and Trauma Center Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital Chiba Japan.,Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine Hitachiomiya City National Health Insurance Miwa Clinic Ibaraki Japan
| | - Tomokazu Motomura
- Shock and Trauma Center Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital Chiba Japan.,Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
| | - Hisashi Matsumoto
- Shock and Trauma Center Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital Chiba Japan.,Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
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Braun D, Schöniger C, Pyrc J, Petrowski K. Traumatic brain injury as vulnerability factor for the development of psychological disorders in a prospective single-event trauma traffic accident sample. Brain Inj 2021; 35:604-608. [PMID: 33719837 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2021.1894480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Primary Objective: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) present a relevant problem among individuals involved in traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of TBI on the development of psychological symptoms after a traffic accident.Research Design: This cohort study investigates, whether individuals involved in traffic accidents with TBI are more likely to develop psychological illness than those without TBI.Measures and Procedures: 59 men (patients: n= 19, controls: n= 40) and 64 women (patients: n= 21, controls n= 43) participated in the study (Mean age: M= 40.23; SD = 13.19; Injury severity score ISS: M= 6.48, SD = 5.99). The psychological distress was compared between the two groups using t-tests. The impact of ISS, number and duration of surgeries were regarded using regression analyses.Main Outcomes and Results: No indications for a heightened risk of psychological disorders in patients with TBI were found. The treatment at the hospital had no measurable influence on the development of psychological disorders. Nevertheless, in the Dexamethasone-suppression-test there was an increased stress load of patients with TBI caused by injury severity and operations.Conclusions: TBIs do not seem to cause psychological illness directly but the number of surgeries and the injury severity can influence the stress load which is associated with psychological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Braun
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, University Witten, Herdecke, Germany.,Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Clinic and Policlinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Schöniger
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Clinic and Policlinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jaroslaw Pyrc
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Petrowski
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Clinic and Policlinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Mainz, Germany.,Dresden University of Technology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Dresden, Germany
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Yoshino M, Ueda T, Takada H, Kanno A, Maeda M, Matsumoto H, Matsui Y, Asano T, Itoh Y. Post-traumatic stress disorder of children with traffic accidents and their parents in Japan. J NIPPON MED SCH 2021; 89:47-55. [PMID: 33692302 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2022_89-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children who survive traffic accidents, and their parents, may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or related symptoms (depression or anxiety), which can hinder the children's development and the parents' ability to provide effective care. In Japan, the PTSD incidence rate following traffic accidents and its related factors remain unclarified. METHOD Participants were 79 children and 104 parents. The children were aged 3-18 years when injured. From August-December 2015, participants completed a self-reported questionnaire survey that comprised the 15-item Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children and the Japanese version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. The children's Injury Severity Score (ISS) was also obtained from their medical records. Correlations, analyses of variance, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS Among the children and the parents, 10.2% and 22.1% were deemed to be at high risk of PTSD, respectively. Their stress scores were significantly positively correlated with each other and negatively correlated with children's age at the time of the accident. Parents who witnessed their children's accidents and those whose children were hospitalized were more stressed. Neither the children's nor the parents' risk for PTSD was associated with the ISS and the amount of time since the accident. CONCLUSIONS A system that simultaneously works with children and parents, to support both parties' psychological recovery is required. To ensure psychological care post-injury, it is necessary to evaluate PTSD risk, regardless of injury severity. Implementing preventive and early interventions can prove more valuable than awaiting natural recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Yoshino
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School
| | | | - Haruki Takada
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Iryo Sosei University
| | - Aya Kanno
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Miho Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University
| | - Hisashi Matsumoto
- Shock and Trauma Center, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Yutaka Matsui
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, Tsukuba University
| | - Takeshi Asano
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
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Han JH, Park BH, Park JH, Min TW, Lee HJ, Lee YJ, Lee SH, Park KS, Ha IH. The Effectiveness and safety of T-MSAT on inpatients with acute low back pain caused by traffic accidents: A protocol for randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23851. [PMID: 33592841 PMCID: PMC7870160 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presentation of musculoskeletal symptoms, such as pain, discomfort, or disability, caused by a traffic accident (TA) is a common occurrence. However, studies on treatment and management of sudden low back pain (LBP) caused by a TA are very scarce, while studies on the effectiveness of motion style acupuncture therapy (MSAT) used on such patients are also rare. Accordingly, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is planned to assess the effectiveness and safety of MSAT using traction (T-MSAT) for the treatment of pain and functional problems in patients with acute LBP caused by a TA. METHODS This study will be conducted at Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine in South Korea, using a two-armed, parallel, assessor-blinded RCT design. The study population will consist of 100 participants who will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the T-MSAT+integrative Korean medicine therapy (IKMT) group or IKMT control group. The treatment will be applied continuously for 3 days after admission. The primary outcome will be the difference between the numeric rating scale (NRS) scores at admission and immediately after treatment on the fourth day of admission. Secondary outcomes will include visual analogue scale (VAS) for LBP and radiating leg pain; NRS for radiating leg pain; lumbar active range of motion; Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC); the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5-K); and 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12). DISCUSSION This study is a RCT to assess the effectiveness and safety of T-MSAT for acute LBP caused by a TA. The findings could be used by healthcare-related policy makers and clinicians in primary care institutions, which are frequently visited by patients suffering from LBP caused by a TA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Hyun Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xiao T, Lu H, Wang J, Wang K. Predicting and Interpreting Spatial Accidents through MDLSTM. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18041430. [PMID: 33546503 PMCID: PMC7913614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Predicting and interpreting the spatial location and causes of traffic accidents is one of the current hot topics in traffic safety. This research purposed a multi-dimensional long-short term memory neural network model (MDLSTM) to fit the non-linear relationships between traffic accident characteristics and land use properties, which are further interpreted to form local and general rules. More variables are taken into account as the input land use properties and the output traffic accident characteristics. Five types of traffic accident characteristics are simultaneously predicted with higher accuracy, and three levels of interpretation, including the hidden factor-traffic potential, the potential-determine factors, which varies between grid cells, and the general rules across the whole study area are analyzed. Based on the model, some interesting insights were revealed including the division line in the potential traffic accidents in Shenyang (China). It is also purposed that the relationship between land use and accidents differ from previous researches in the neighboring and regional aspects. Neighboring grids have strong spatial connections so that the relationship of accidents in a continuous area is relatively similar. In a larger region, the spatial location is found to have a great influence on the traffic accident and has a strong directionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzheng Xiao
- Institute of Transportation Engineering and Geomatics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Huapu Lu
- Institute of Transportation Engineering and Geomatics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Jianyu Wang
- Institute of Transportation Engineering and Geomatics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.X.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6277-2615
| | - Katrina Wang
- Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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Alencar NM, Mota DS, Fernandes FECV, Mola R. Trajectory of the Victims of Overland Transport Accidents: From Prehospital to Hospital Care. SAGE Open Nurs 2021; 6:2377960820919630. [PMID: 33415275 PMCID: PMC7774367 DOI: 10.1177/2377960820919630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim is to evaluate the trajectory of the victims of ground transportation
accidents from the prehospital care to the hospital. Methods The sample consisted of 1,264 patients collected from the prehospital care,
from June 2015 to June 2016. The trajectory was analyzed by the difference
in the average time elapsed between the call and the hospital entrance. The
Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used, adopting a significance
level of 5% and 95% confidence. Results Patients had a mean age of 31.2 years, Glasgow Coma Scale of 14.8 points, and
24.8 days of hospitalization. It is characterized predominantly masculine,
conductive of the vehicle, being the motorcycle prevalent; most of them wore
a helmet/seat belt and no alcohol. The association between the average time
of care and the characteristics related to the victim was significant: the
use of the belt/helmet, alcoholism, and type of discharge and relative to
the accident: area of occurrence, period of the week, shift of occurrence,
type of prehospital care, and other party involved. Conclusion The characteristics related to ground transportation accident interfere in
the time of prehospital care to the hospital, which can influence the
prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neiliane M. Alencar
- Collegiate of Nursing, University of
Pernambuco, Campus Petrolina, Brazil
- Bachelor of Nursing (Nurse),
University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Daiane S. Mota
- Collegiate of Nursing, University of
Pernambuco, Campus Petrolina, Brazil
- Bachelor of Nursing (Nurse),
University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença Fernandes
- Collegiate of Nursing, University of
Pernambuco, Campus Petrolina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Therapeutic
Innovation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Rachel Mola
- Collegiate of Nursing, University of
Pernambuco, Campus Petrolina, Brazil
- Associate Nursing Graduate Program,
University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Rachel Mola, BR 203, Km 2 S/N Vila Eduardo,
Campus Universitário, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Kostíková M, Bucsuházy K, Moravcová P, Zelený M, Makarčuková T, Matuchová E, Mikulec R. Comparative analysis of two almost identical traffic accidents. Cesk Patol 2021; 57:6-10. [PMID: 33910352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the Czech Republic, 1 500 suicides are committed in average per year approximately. Only in a small percentage has been used vehicle as a tool. Prove suicidal intent in a fatal road accident has been difficult, but mostly these accidents have similar characteristics - impact with tree or similar fixed obstacle, non - use of seat belt, absence of brake traces, etc. The aim of this paper is to present and analyse two almost identical traffic accidents - identical location, identical vehicle type. While one of these was fatal (but not proven suicide), the second accident was not fatal, but with suicidal intent. Data were obtained as a part of the Czech In-depth Study conducted by Transport Research Centre. Data from In-depth Accident Analysis provide a comprehensive view of all the factors related to a particular accident and serve to identify the characteristics leading to the crash occurrence.
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46
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Kim DY, Hong SH, Han SY, Kim WY, Oh SH, Lee HW, Woo HS. The Research Trends of Pharmacopuncture Therapy on Cervical Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents. J Pharmacopuncture 2020; 23:201-211. [PMID: 33408896 PMCID: PMC7772081 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2020.23.4.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review Korean domestic studies and investigate the research trends of pharmacopuncture therapy on cervical pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods Domestic studies between February 1999 and May 2020 from four Korean databases were searched with combinations of keywords ‘cervical pain’, ‘traffic accident’, ‘whiplash injury’, and ‘pharmacopuncture’. Results 17 studies were selected for review, including 7 randomized controlled trials, 5 retrospective observational studies, 3 case reports, and 2 non-randomized controlled trials. Each study was reviewed by published year, study type, types of pharmacopuncture solutions, selected acupuncture points, dosage of pharmacopuncture solutions, frequency of treatment, concurrent treatments, outcome measurements, and the effectiveness of pharmacopuncture therapy. The results are as follows (1) It showed that the total number of published studies had increased slightly in the last 10 years compared to the previous decade. (2) The pharmacopuncture solutions used in the studies were in the following order Bee-Venom (蜂毒), Jungsongouhyul (中性瘀血), Hwangryunhaedoktang (黃連解毒湯) and Soyeom (消炎). Frequently used acupuncture points were GB20, GV21, A-shi point, GV16, EX-B2, and SI15 in order. (3) The most commonly used total injection dosage was 1.0 cc at a time, and the frequency of treatment was twice a week. (4) Concurrent treatments such as acupuncture, herbal medication, physical therapy and Chuna manual therapy were performed in all 17 studies. (5) Pharmacopuncture therapy showed positive effects on cervical pain caused by traffic accidents in all 17 studies reviewed. Conclusion Pharmacopuncture therapy was effective in cervical pain caused by traffic accidents in all 17 studies selected. Further studies will be needed using more larger scales and more objective data to confirm the effectiveness of pharmacopuncture therapy and to generalize its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Young Kim
- Departments of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyo Hong
- Departments of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Han
- Departments of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Young Kim
- Departments of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hye Oh
- Departments of Internal Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Woo Lee
- Departments of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, Dongseo Korean Medical Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Su Woo
- Kyunghee Dongju Korean Medicine Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yadollahi M, Pazhuheian F. Relative risk of injury due to alcohol consumption in car and motorcycle drivers. East Mediterr Health J 2020; 26:1525-1531. [PMID: 33355392 DOI: 10.26719/emhj.20.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background There is strong evidence that a substantial number of fatal as well as nonfatal injuries in road traffic accidents result from alcohol consumption and abuse. Aims To examine the relationship between blood alcohol concentration and characteristics of injury in trauma patients admitted to a major teaching hospital. Methods This was a cross-sectional investigation of trauma characteristics among 38 435 car and motorcycle drivers referred to the South of Iran Trauma Center between October and March 2018. A log-binomial regression model was used to evaluate the relative risk of each covariate on the Injury Severity Score. Results There were 253 patients (7.78%) with alcohol consumption. Also, blood alcohol level was positive in 8.66% and 6.93% of car and motorcycle drivers, respectively. The ISS in alcohol consumers and nonconsumers was 6.34 (standard deviation; 8.73) and 4.12 (7.78), respectively, which was significantly higher in the alcohol consumers (t test = 12.96, P < 0.001). Therefore, alcohol consumption was a significant factor in increasing the relative risk of injury, which was 2.83 units more than among drivers who had not consumed alcohol. Conclusions Our findings show that the police and law enforcement agencies have a responsibility to enforce stricter rules to reduce drink driving and the burden of trauma on the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Yadollahi
- Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Forough Pazhuheian
- Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Schepin VO, Shishkin EV. [The actual problems of traumatism in the Russian Federation]. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med 2020; 28:877-882. [PMID: 33161656 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866x-2020-28-5-877-882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In 2005-2018, marked decreasing of morbidity of trauma, intoxications and other outcomes of impact of external causes in the Russian Federation was registered. In the Ural Federal Okrug, the rate of decreasing was the lowest and made up to 1.3%. In the subjects of the Federal District, the highest rates are registered in the Kurgan and Chelyabinsk Oblast. In 2010-2017, mortality from external causes decreased most intensively in the North Western Federal Okrug - up to 40.6% and least intensively in the South Federal Okrug up to 28.4%. The mortality of traffic accidents decreased most markedly up to 2.1 times from 22.4 to 10.5 cases per 100 thousand of the population. There is decreasing in indices of traumatism and trauma mortality in most territories of the Russian Federation. In recent years, slowdown of this trend is present that testifies the necessity of further development of measures targeting organization of medical care of the injured based on organization of traumatological centers for all injured, and not only those ones of traffic accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Schepin
- N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Shishkin
- The State Budget Professional Educational Institution "The Troitsk Medical College", 457100, Troitsk, Russia,
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Mori S, Ai T, Morishita K, Otomo Y. A Case of Fatal Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection Caused by a Traffic Accident with Low Energy Impact. Open Access Emerg Med 2020; 12:287-291. [PMID: 33116964 PMCID: PMC7569054 DOI: 10.2147/oaem.s265409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A seemingly healthy 84-year-old female pedestrian was mildly bumped by a car, and she hit her left shoulder, flank, and lower legs when she fell down on a street. She was conscious and stable when transferred to an emergency room. She had no sign of any major injuries except minor lacerations on her legs. Repeated evaluations including chest X-ray, ECG, and focused assessment with sonography for trauma did not reveal any abnormal findings. While waiting for discharge, she started having mild chest discomfort. Unexpectedly, the third echocardiogram showed mild pericardial effusion, and a CT with contrast showed aortic dissection in the ascending aorta and infra-left subclavian aortic dissection. She was immediately transferred by a helicopter to a tertiary trauma center for emergent repair surgery. Considering the site of dissections, progression of existing intrinsic intimal tear triggered by energy impact was suspected. However, traumatic causes could not be excluded. Extra caution and diligence should be exercised when examining elderly patients in blunt trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Mori
- Trauma and Acute Critical Care Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ai
- Trauma and Acute Critical Care Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Emergency Department, JA Toride Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan.,Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Koji Morishita
- Trauma and Acute Critical Care Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Emergency Department, JA Toride Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Otomo
- Trauma and Acute Critical Care Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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50
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Moon S, Park K. The Predictors of Driving Cessation among Older Drivers in Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7206. [PMID: 33019748 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: As the elderly population and the number of older drivers grow, public safety concerns about traffic accidents involving older drivers are increasing. Approaches to reduce traffic accidents involving older drivers without limiting their mobility are needed. This study aimed to investigate the driving cessation (DC) rate among older Korean adults and predictors of DC based on the comprehensive mobility framework. Method: In this cross-sectional study, data from 2970 to 10,062 older adults over 65 years old from the 2017 National Survey of Elderly People were analyzed in April 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the predictors of DC. Results: Residential area, an environmental factor, was a strong predictor of DC (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.21, 95% Confidential Interval (CI) 1.86–2.62). Older drivers living in an area with a metro system were 2.21 more likely to stop driving than those living in an area without a metro system. Other demographic, financial, psychosocial, physical, and cognitive variables also predicted DC. Conclusion: Environmental factors were strong predictors of older adults’ DC. Therefore, political and environmental support, such as the provision of accessible public transportation, is essential to increase the DC rate among older adults to increase public safety without decreasing their mobility.
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