1
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Olivieri A, Saraceni F, De Luca A. Focus on: Prognostic scores to predict stem cell mobilization. Transfus Apher Sci 2024; 63:103935. [PMID: 38735119 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2024.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Olivieri
- Dept &Stem Cell Transplant Unit, DISCLIMO-Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesco Saraceni
- Dept &Stem Cell Transplant Unit, DISCLIMO-Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Amalia De Luca
- Dept &Stem Cell Transplant Unit, DISCLIMO-Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
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2
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Liu Y, Dai S, Xu Y, Xiang Y, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Sun L, Zhang GCX, Shu Q. Integration of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Explore Jixueteng - Yinyanghuo Herb Pair Alleviate Cisplatin-Induced Myelosuppression. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241237969. [PMID: 38462913 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241237969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Jixueteng, the vine of the bush Spatholobus suberectus Dunn., is widely used to treat irregular menstruation and arthralgia. Yinyanghuo, the aboveground part of the plant Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., has the function of warming the kidney to invigorate yang. This research aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the Jixueteng and Yinyanghuo herbal pair (JYHP) on cisplatin-induced myelosuppression in a mice model. Firstly, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) screened 15 effective compounds of JYHP decoction. Network pharmacology enriched 10 genes which may play a role by inhibiting the apoptosis of bone marrow (BM) cells. Then, a myelosuppression C57BL/6 mice model was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cis-Diaminodichloroplatinum (cisplatin, CDDP) and followed by the intragastric (i.g.) administration of JYHP decoction. The efficacy was evaluated by blood cell count, reticulocyte count, and histopathological analysis of bone marrow and spleen. Through the vivo experiments, we found the timing of JYHP administration affected the effect of drug administration, JYHP had a better therapeutical effect rather than a preventive effect. JYHP obviously recovered the hematopoietic function of bone marrow from the peripheral blood cell test and pathological staining. Flow cytometry data showed JYHP decreased the apoptosis rate of BM cells and the western blotting showed JYHP downregulated the cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 ratios through RAS/MEK/ERK pathway. In conclusion, JYHP alleviated CDDP-induced myelosuppression by inhibiting the apoptosis of BM cells through RAS/MEK/ERK pathway and the optimal timing of JYHP administration was after CDDP administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuying Dai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixiao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuying Xiang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeting Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Qijin Shu
- Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Kapor S, Vukotić M, Subotički T, Đikić D, Mitrović Ajtić O, Radojković M, Čokić VP, Santibanez JF. Hydroxyurea Induces Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Senescence and Modifies Cell Functionality In Vitro. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11111048. [PMID: 34834400 PMCID: PMC8619969 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is an antineoplastic agent that functions as an antimetabolite compound by inhibiting the ribonucleotide reductase. HU acts mainly as a cytostatic drug that through DNA replication stress may trigger a premature senescence-like cell phenotype, though its influence on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (BMMSC) functions has not elucidated yet. Our results indicate that HU inhibits the growth of human BMMSC alongside senescence-like changes in both morphology and replicative potential, provokes cell cycle arrest at the S phase without affecting cellular viability and induces the expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase and p16INK4. Moreover, HU-induced senescent BMMSC, although they did not change MSC markers expression, exhibited reduced capacity osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Conversely, HU treatment increased immunoregulatory functions of BMMSC compared with untreated cells and determined by T-cell proliferation. Interestingly, HU did not influence the capacity of BMMSC to induce monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Thus, these results suggest that HU improves the BMMSC functions on the T-cell inhibition and preserves their interaction with myeloid cell compartment. Mechanistically, BMMSC under HU treatment displayed a downregulation of mTOR and p38 MAPK signaling that may explain the reduced cell differentiation and increased immunomodulation activities. Together, the results obtained in this investigation suggest that HU by inducing senescence-like phenotype of BMMSC influences their cellular differentiation and immunoregulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunčica Kapor
- Clinical Hospital Center “Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje”, Department of Hematology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Milica Vukotić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (D.Đ.); (O.M.A.); (V.P.Č.)
| | - Tijana Subotički
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (D.Đ.); (O.M.A.); (V.P.Č.)
| | - Dragoslava Đikić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (D.Đ.); (O.M.A.); (V.P.Č.)
| | - Olivera Mitrović Ajtić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (D.Đ.); (O.M.A.); (V.P.Č.)
| | - Milica Radojković
- Clinical Hospital Center “Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje”, Department of Hematology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (M.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan P. Čokić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (D.Đ.); (O.M.A.); (V.P.Č.)
| | - Juan F. Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.V.); (T.S.); (D.Đ.); (O.M.A.); (V.P.Č.)
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, General Gana 1780, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-2685-788; Fax: +381-11-2643-691
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4
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Kapor S, Vukotić M, Subotički T, Đikić D, Mitrović Ajtić O, Radojković M, Čokić VP, Santibanez JF. Hydroxyurea Induces Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Senescence and Modifies Cell Functionality In Vitro. J Pers Med 2021. [PMID: 34834400 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111048.pmid:34834400;pmcid:pmc8619969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is an antineoplastic agent that functions as an antimetabolite compound by inhibiting the ribonucleotide reductase. HU acts mainly as a cytostatic drug that through DNA replication stress may trigger a premature senescence-like cell phenotype, though its influence on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (BMMSC) functions has not elucidated yet. Our results indicate that HU inhibits the growth of human BMMSC alongside senescence-like changes in both morphology and replicative potential, provokes cell cycle arrest at the S phase without affecting cellular viability and induces the expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase and p16INK4. Moreover, HU-induced senescent BMMSC, although they did not change MSC markers expression, exhibited reduced capacity osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Conversely, HU treatment increased immunoregulatory functions of BMMSC compared with untreated cells and determined by T-cell proliferation. Interestingly, HU did not influence the capacity of BMMSC to induce monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Thus, these results suggest that HU improves the BMMSC functions on the T-cell inhibition and preserves their interaction with myeloid cell compartment. Mechanistically, BMMSC under HU treatment displayed a downregulation of mTOR and p38 MAPK signaling that may explain the reduced cell differentiation and increased immunomodulation activities. Together, the results obtained in this investigation suggest that HU by inducing senescence-like phenotype of BMMSC influences their cellular differentiation and immunoregulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunčica Kapor
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje", Department of Hematology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Vukotić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Subotički
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragoslava Đikić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Mitrović Ajtić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Radojković
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje", Department of Hematology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan P Čokić
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan F Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1780, Santiago 8370854, Chile
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5
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Gynn LE, Anderson E, Robinson G, Wexler SA, Upstill-Goddard G, Cox C, May JE. Primary mesenchymal stromal cells in co-culture with leukaemic HL-60 cells are sensitised to cytarabine-induced genotoxicity, whilst leukaemic cells are protected. Mutagenesis 2021; 36:419-428. [PMID: 34505878 PMCID: PMC8633936 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour microenvironments are hallmarked in many cancer types. In haematological malignancies, bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) protect malignant cells from drug-induced cytotoxicity. However, less is known about malignant impact on supportive stroma. Notably, it is unknown whether these interactions alter long-term genotoxic damage in either direction. The nucleoside analogue cytarabine (ara-C), common in haematological therapies, remains the most effective agent for acute myeloid leukaemia, yet one third of patients develop resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the bidirectional effect of MSC and malignant cell co-culture on ara-C genotoxicity modulation. Primary MSC, isolated from patient BM aspirates for haematological investigations, and malignant haematopoietic cells (leukaemic HL-60) were co-cultured using trans-well inserts, prior to treatment with physiological dose ara-C. Co-culture genotoxic effects were assessed by micronucleus and alkaline comet assays. Patient BM cells from chemotherapy-treated patients had reduced ex vivo survival (P = 0.0049) and increased genotoxicity (P = 0.3172) than untreated patients. It was shown for the first time that HL-60 were protected by MSC from ara-C-induced genotoxicity, with reduced MN incidence in co-culture as compared to mono-culture (P = 0.0068). Comet tail intensity also significantly increased in ara-C-treated MSC with HL-60 influence (P = 0.0308). MSC sensitisation to ara-C genotoxicity was also demonstrated following co-culture with HL60 (P = 0.0116), which showed significantly greater sensitisation when MSC-HL-60 co-cultures were exposed to ara-C (P = 0.0409). This study shows for the first time that malignant HSC and MSC bidirectionally modulate genotoxicity, providing grounding for future research identifying mechanisms of altered genotoxicity in leukaemic microenvironments. MSC retain long-term genotoxic and functional damage following chemotherapy exposure. Understanding the interactions perpetuating such damage may inform modifications to reduce therapy-related complications, such as secondary malignancies and BM failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana E Gynn
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Elizabeth Anderson
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Gareth Robinson
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Sarah A Wexler
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.,Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK
| | - Gillian Upstill-Goddard
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.,Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK
| | - Christine Cox
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.,Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK
| | - Jennifer E May
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
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6
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Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Autologous Therapy for Osteonecrosis: Effects of Age and Underlying Causes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8050069. [PMID: 34067727 PMCID: PMC8156020 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8050069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) is a reliable source of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which have been successfully used for treating osteonecrosis. Considering the functional advantages of BM-MSCs as bone and cartilage reparatory cells and supporting angiogenesis, several donor-related factors are also essential to consider when autologous BM-MSCs are used for such regenerative therapies. Aging is one of several factors contributing to the donor-related variability and found to be associated with a reduction of BM-MSC numbers. However, even within the same age group, other factors affecting MSC quantity and function remain incompletely understood. For patients with osteonecrosis, several underlying factors have been linked to the decrease of the proliferation of BM-MSCs as well as the impairment of their differentiation, migration, angiogenesis-support and immunoregulatory functions. This review discusses the quality and quantity of BM-MSCs in relation to the etiological conditions of osteonecrosis such as sickle cell disease, Gaucher disease, alcohol, corticosteroids, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, diabetes, chronic renal disease and chemotherapy. A clear understanding of the regenerative potential of BM-MSCs is essential to optimize the cellular therapy of osteonecrosis and other bone damage conditions.
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7
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The Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Neuroblastoma Therapy for Delivery of Anti-Cancer Agents and Hematopoietic Recovery. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030161. [PMID: 33668854 PMCID: PMC7996318 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common pediatric cancers and a major cause of cancer-related death in infancy. Conventional therapies including high-dose chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and immunotherapy approach a limit in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma and prevention of relapse. In the last two decades, research unraveled a potential use of mesenchymal stromal cells in tumor therapy, as tumor-selective delivery vehicles for therapeutic compounds and oncolytic viruses and by means of supporting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Based on pre-clinical and clinical advances in neuroblastoma and other malignancies, we assess both the strong potential and the associated risks of using mesenchymal stromal cells in the therapy for neuroblastoma. Furthermore, we examine feasibility and safety aspects and discuss future directions for harnessing the advantageous properties of mesenchymal stromal cells for the advancement of therapy success.
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8
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Zorina TD. New Insights on the Role of the Mesenchymal-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Axis in Autologous and Allogeneic Hematopoiesis. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 30:2-16. [PMID: 33231142 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoreductive protocols are integral both as conditioning regimens for bone marrow (BM) transplantation and as part of therapies for malignancies, but their associated comorbidities represent a long-standing clinical problem. In particular, they cause myeloablation that debilitates the physiological role of mesenchymal stem and precursor cells (MSPCs) in sustaining hematopoiesis. This review addresses the damaging impact of cytoreductive regimens on MSPCs. In addition, it discusses prospects for alleviating the resulting iatrogenic comorbidities. New insights into the structural and functional dynamics of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niches reveal the existence of "empty" niches and the ability of the donor-derived healthy HSCs to outcompete the defective HSCs in occupying these niches. These findings support the notion that conditioning regimens, conventionally used to ablate the recipient hematopoiesis to create space for engraftment of the donor-derived HSCs, may not be a necessity for allogeneic BM transplantation. In addition, the capacity of the MSPCs to cross-talk with HSCs, despite major histocompatibility complex disparity, and suppress graft versus host disease indicates the possibility for development of a conditioning-free, MSPCs-enhanced protocol for BM transplantation. The clinical advantage of supplementing cytoreductive protocols with MSPCs to improve autologous hematopoiesis reconstitution and alleviate cytopenia associated with chemo and radiation therapies for cancer is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana D Zorina
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Jefferson College of Health Professions, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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9
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Rafieemehr H, Maleki Behzad M, Azandeh S, Farshchi N, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Saki N. Chemo/radiotherapy-Induced Bone Marrow Niche Alterations. Cancer Invest 2020; 39:180-194. [PMID: 33225760 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1855353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) niche is a specific microenvironment for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as non-hematopoietic cells. Evidence shows that chemo/radiotherapy can lead to the disruption of different properties of HSCs such as proliferation, differentiation, localization, self-renewa, and steady-state of cell populations. Investigations have shown that the deregulation of balance within the marrow cavity due to chemo/radiotherapy could lead to bone loss, abnormal hematopoiesis, and enhanced differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells towards the adipogenic lineage. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of chemo/radiotherapy induced BM niche changes may lead to the application of appropriate therapeutic agents to prevent BM niche defects. Highlights Chemo/radiotherapy disrupts the steady-state of bone marrow niche cells and result in deregulation of normal balance of stromal cell populations. Chemo/radiotherapy agents play a significant role in reducing of bone formation as well as fat accumulation in the bone marrow niche. Targeting molecular pathways may lead to recovery of bone marrow niches after chemo/radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rafieemehr
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Masumeh Maleki Behzad
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeed Azandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicin, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Farshchi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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10
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Chen J, Lazarus HM, Dahi PB, Avecilla S, Giralt SA. Getting blood out of a stone: Identification and management of patients with poor hematopoietic cell mobilization. Blood Rev 2020; 47:100771. [PMID: 33213986 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has become a primary treatment for many cancers. Nowadays, the primary source of hematopoietic cells is by leukapheresis collection of these cells from peripheral blood, after a forced egress of hematopoietic cells from marrow into blood circulation, a process known as "mobilization". In this process, mobilizing agents disrupt binding interactions between hematopoietic cells and marrow microenvironment to facilitate collection. As the first essential step of HCT, poor mobilization, i.e. failure to obtain a desired or required number of hematopoietic cell, is one of the major factors affecting engraftment or even precluding transplantation. This review summarizes the available mobilization regimens using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and plerixafor, as well as the current understanding of the factors that are associated with poor mobilization. Strategies to mobilize patients or healthy donors who failed previous mobilization are discussed. Multiple novel agents are under investigation and some of them have shown the potential to enhance the mobilization response to G-CSF and/or plerixafor. Further investigation of the risk factors including genetic factors will offer an opportunity to better understand the molecular mechanism of mobilization and help develop new therapeutic strategies for successful mobilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Parastoo B Dahi
- Department of Medicine, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott Avecilla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sergio A Giralt
- Department of Medicine, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.
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11
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The acceleration of ageing in older patients with cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 12:343-351. [PMID: 32933870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Older cancer survivors may experience ageing at an accelerated rate when compared to their similar-aged, cancer-free counterparts. Ageing is undoubtedly a significant risk factor for cancer. There is evidence to suggest, however, that this relationship may in fact be bidirectional, with cancer and its treatments contributing to the ageing process. In this review, we outline the current literature linking cancer and anti-cancer therapy to adverse ageing outcomes and explore what additional research is needed in order to conclusively define cancer and its treatment as an accelerator of ageing.
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Geres
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Rouslan Kotchetkov
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, University of Toronto, Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre, Barrie, ON, L4M 6M2, Canada
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13
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Jain A, Khadwal A, Sachdeva MUS, Bose P, Lad D, Bhattacharya S, Prakash G, Malhotra P, Varma N, Varma S. Variables affecting the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells in peripheral blood and their relationship with apheresis products. Br J Haematol 2020; 189:772-776. [PMID: 32011732 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) demonstrate the properties of self-renewal, multipotentiality, and immunosuppression, which are responsible for their widespread clinical applications in tissue repair and regeneration. MSCs have been isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and cord blood using culture in specialised media. Their presence in peripheral blood (PB) is debatable. We studied the presence of MSCs at baseline (PB) and following mobilisation with growth factors [PB and apheresis product (AP)] in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation and healthy donors using flow cytometry. We conclude that both mobilised PB and AP are potential sources of MSCs. Given their small numbers in PB/AP, clinical use is feasible following ex-vivo expansion. Variables affecting the presence of MSCs in PB and AP are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Praveen Bose
- Department of Haematology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh Lad
- Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Neelam Varma
- Department of Haematology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subhash Varma
- Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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14
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Krüger T, Middeke JM, Stölzel F, Mütherig A, List C, Brandt K, Heidrich K, Teipel R, Ordemann R, Schuler U, Oelschlägel U, Wermke M, Kräter M, Herbig M, Wehner R, Schmitz M, Bornhäuser M, von Bonin M. Reliable isolation of human mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow biopsy specimens in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Cytotherapy 2019; 22:21-26. [PMID: 31883948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from pretreated, hematologic patients is challenging. Especially after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), standard protocols using bone marrow aspirates fail to reliably recover sufficient cell numbers. Because MSCs are considered to contribute to processes that mainly affect the outcome after transplantation, such as an efficient lymphohematopoietic recovery, extent of graft-versus-host disease as well as the occurrence of leukemic relapse, it is of great clinical relevance to investigate MSC function in this context. Previous studies showed that MSCs can be isolated by collagenase digestion of large bone fragments of hematologically healthy patients undergoing hip replacement or knee surgeries. We have now further developed this procedure for the isolation of MSCs from hematologic patients after allogeneic HCT by using trephine biopsy specimens obtained during routine examinations. Comparison of aspirates and trephine biopsy specimens from patients after allogeneic HCT revealed a significantly higher frequency of clonogenic MSCs (colony-forming unit-fibroblast [CFU-F]) in trephine biopsy specimens (mean, 289.8 ± standard deviation 322.5 CFU-F colonies/1 × 106 total nucleated cells versus 4.2 ± 9.9; P < 0.0001). Subsequent expansion of functional MSCs isolated from trephine biopsy specimen was more robust and led to a significantly higher yield compared with control samples expanded from aspirates (median, 1.6 × 106; range, 0-2.3 × 107 P0 MSCs versus 5.4 × 104; range, 0-8.9 × 106; P < 0.0001). Using trephine biopsy specimens as MSC source facilitates the investigation of various clinical questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Krüger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jan Moritz Middeke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedrich Stölzel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anke Mütherig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catrin List
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kalina Brandt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Heidrich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Raphael Teipel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rainer Ordemann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schuler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uta Oelschlägel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Wermke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University Cancer Centrum (UCC), Early Clinical Trial Unit (ECTU), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maik Herbig
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany; Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering TU Dresden Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Pan Y, Zhao A, Zhong Z, Pan X, Cai S. Ganoderma spore lipid protects mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoiesis from the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2869. [PMID: 31207156 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapeutic agents are frequently toxic to bone marrow and impair bone marrow functions. It is unclear whether ganoderma spore lipid (GSL) can protect bone marrow cells from the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy. To investigate the protective effects of GSL on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoiesis, we examined the effects of GSL on MSCs in vitro and hematopoiesis in vivo after treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide. MSCs and peripheral blood cells were isolated and counted from the bone marrow of normal mice were pre-treated with GSL before CTX treatment or co-treated with GSL and CTX, followed by examining the changes in phenotype, morphology, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation potentials. The results showed that GSL could reduce the CTX-induced changes in the phenotype of MSCs and maintain the elongated fibroblast-like morphology. MTT and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) analyses found that GSL pre-treatment and co-treatment increased the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis in CTX-treated MSCs. Furthermore, GSL improved the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials of CTX-treated MSCs. In vivo, GSL treatment increased the number of peripheral blood cells including white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) in the CTX-treated mice and enhanced the in vitro formation of hematopoietic lineage colonies (erythrocyte colony forming unit, CFU-E; erythroid burst-forming units, BFU-E; and granulocyte macrophage colony-forming units, CFU-GM) from bone marrow cells in these mice. These findings suggest GSL could protect MSCs and hematopoiesis from the cytotoxicity of CTX and might become an effective adjuvant to attenuate side effects of chemotherapy during cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Andong Zhao
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The 1st Affiliate Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sa Cai
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Feng Y, Zhu R, Shen J, Wu J, Lu W, Zhang J, Zhang J, Liu K. Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Endothelial Cells Experiencing Chemotherapy Stress by Mitochondrial Transfer Via Tunneling Nanotubes. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:674-682. [PMID: 30808254 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are newly discovered tubular structures between two distant cells that facilitate the intercellular exchange of signals and components. Recent reports show that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can rescue injured target cells and promote recovery from a variety of stresses via TNT-mediated mitochondrial transfer. In this study, we explored how TNTs form between bone marrow MSCs and endothelial cells (ECs) by using a human umbilical cord vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model. TNT formation between MSCs and HUVECs could be induced by treating HUVECs with cytarabine (Ara-C), and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) could transfer mitochondria to injured HUVECs through TNTs. Mitochondrial transfer from hBMMSCs to HUVECs via TNTs rescued the injured HUVECs by reducing apoptosis, promoting proliferation and restoring the transmembrane migration ability as well as the capillary angiogenic capacity of HUVECs. This study provides novel insights into the cell-cell communication between MSCs and ECs and supports the results of prior studies indicating that ECs promote hematopoietic regeneration. An improved understanding of MSC-EC cross-talk will promote the development of MSC-directed strategies for improving EC function and hematopoietic system regeneration following myelosuppressive and myeloablative injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuai Feng
- 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Haematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,2 Institute of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Rongjia Zhu
- 3 Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shen
- 4 Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - JiMin Wu
- 4 Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyi Lu
- 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Haematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - JiaMin Zhang
- 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Haematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Haematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyan Liu
- 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Haematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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17
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May JE, Donaldson C, Gynn L, Morse HR. Chemotherapy-induced genotoxic damage to bone marrow cells: long-term implications. Mutagenesis 2019; 33:241-251. [PMID: 30239865 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gey014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) within the bone marrow (BM) are vitally important in forming the micro-environment supporting haematopoiesis after myeloablative chemotherapy. MSCs are known to be damaged phenotypically and functionally by chemotherapy; however, to the best our knowledge, the persistence of genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on the BM micro-environment has not been studied. We therefore aimed to evaluate genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on the BM both in vitro and in vivo, using the comet and micronucleus assays, focussing on the persistence of DNA lesions that may contribute to complications in the patient. The MSC cell line (HS-5) and primary cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs: a source of undamaged DNA) were exposed to the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide (CY) within a physiologically relevant in vitro model. CY treatment resulted in significant increases in CBMNC DNA damage at all time points tested (3-48 h exposure). Similarly, HS-5 cells exposed to CY exhibited significant increases in DNA damage as measured by the comet assay, with increased numbers of abnormal cells visible in the micronucleus assay. In addition, even 48 h after removal of 48-h CY treatment, DNA damage remains significantly increased in treated cells relative to controls. In patients treated with chemotherapy for haematological malignancy, highly significant increases in damaged DNA were seen in BM cells isolated from one individual 1 year after completion of therapy for acute leukaemia compared with pretreatment (P < 0.001). Similarly, two individuals treated 7 and 17 years previously with chemotherapy exhibited significant increases of damaged DNA in MSC compared with untreated age- and sex-matched controls (P < 0.05). Unlike haematopoietic cells, MSCs are not replaced following a stem cell transplant. Therefore, long-term damage to MSC may impact on engraftment of either allogeneic or autologous transplants. In addition, persistence of DNA lesions may lead to genetic instability, correlating with the significant number of chemotherapy-treated individuals who have therapy-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E May
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, UK
| | - Craig Donaldson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Liana Gynn
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, UK
| | - H Ruth Morse
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, UK
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18
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Park MH, Baek B, Jin HK, Bae JS. Novel peptides derived from neuropeptide Y prevent chemotherapy-induced bone marrow damage by regulating hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2018; 22:281-288. [PMID: 30460109 PMCID: PMC6171453 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2018.1517826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced bone marrow damage is accompanied by acute nerve injury in the bone marrow (BM), resulting in sensory and autonomic neuropathy. Cisplatin, a popular chemotherapy drugs, induces the impairment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone marrow regeneration, leading to chronic bone marrow abnormalities. Previously, we reported the protective roles of neuropeptide Y (NPY) against cisplatin-induced bone marrow impairment. In this study, we identified novel peptides, generated from full-length NPY that rescued cisplatin-induced sensory neuropathy and HSC suppression by regulating cell survival in the BM microenvironment. One of these peptides, especially, showed a better protective property against these impairments compared to that seen in full-length NPY. Therefore, we suggest the NPY sequences most effective against the chemotherapy-induced bone marrow dysfunction that could be potentially useful as therapeutic agents for patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Park
- Stem Cell Neuroplasticity Research Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bosung Baek
- Stem Cell Neuroplasticity Research Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Jin
- Stem Cell Neuroplasticity Research Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Bae
- Stem Cell Neuroplasticity Research Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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19
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Chemotherapy-induced niche perturbs hematopoietic reconstitution in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:204. [PMID: 30157922 PMCID: PMC6114852 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Considerable efforts have been devoted toward the uncovering of the molecular mechanisms underlying the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the normal bone marrow (BM) niche. Previously, we demonstrated that a chemotherapy-induced niche, which is mainly composed of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), protects the residual B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cells from the insult of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the roles of chemotherapy-induced niche on HSCs functions in B-ALL remain unclear. Methods We established an oncogenic N-MYC-driven B-ALL mouse model, which were subsequently treated with common chemotherapy drug cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin (DNR). After treatment, the structures of the BM niche were imaged by immunofluorescence staining. Then, the self-renewal and differentiation capability of the MSCs in the BM after Ara-C and DNR treatment were studied by ex vivo culture and gene expression analysis with RNA-seq and qRT-PCR. The effects of chemotherapy-induced niche on the hematopoietic reconstitution of HSCs were determined with series transplantation assay. Furthermore, the cell cycle, ROS level, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis of HSCs were detected by flow cytometry. Results The MSCs, which is the main component of chemotherapy-induced BM niche, have decreased self-renewal capability and are prone to differentiate into adipocytes and chondrocytes. The results of gene expression analysis with RNA-seq showed that the MSCs have reduced levels of cytokines, including SCF, CXCL12, ANGPT1, VCAM1, and IL7. Furthermore, the chemotherapy-induced niche perturbed the hematopoietic reconstitution of HSCs in our N-MYC-driven B-ALL mouse model by promoting HSCs to enter cell cycle and increasing intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential of HSCs, which lead to the cell apoptosis of HSCs. Conclusions Chemotherapy-induced BM niche perturbs the hematopoietic reconstitution of HSCs by increasing intracellular ROS level and inducing cell apoptosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0859-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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20
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Rühle A, Huber PE, Saffrich R, Lopez Perez R, Nicolay NH. The current understanding of mesenchymal stem cells as potential attenuators of chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2628-2639. [PMID: 29931767 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents are part of the standard treatment algorithms for many malignancies; however, their application and dosage are limited by their toxic effects to normal tissues. Chemotherapy-induced toxicities can be long-lasting and may be incompletely reversible; therefore, causative therapies for chemotherapy-dependent side effects are needed, especially considering the increasing survival rates of treated cancer patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to exhibit regenerative abilities for various forms of tissue damage. Preclinical data suggest that MSCs may also help to alleviate tissue lesions caused by chemotherapeutic agents, mainly by establishing a protective microenvironment for functional cells. Due to the systemic administration of most anticancer agents, the effects of these drugs on the MSCs themselves are of crucial importance to use stem cell-based approaches for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced tissue toxicities. Here, we present a concise review of the published data regarding the influence of various classes of chemotherapeutic agents on the survival, stem cell characteristics and physiological functions of MSCs. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects are outlined, and resulting challenges of MSC-based treatments for chemotherapy-induced tissue injuries are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Jing D, Zhang S, Luo W, Gao X, Men Y, Ma C, Liu X, Yi Y, Bugde A, Zhou BO, Zhao Z, Yuan Q, Feng JQ, Gao L, Ge WP, Zhao H. Tissue clearing of both hard and soft tissue organs with the PEGASOS method. Cell Res 2018; 28:803-818. [PMID: 29844583 PMCID: PMC6082844 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-018-0049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue clearing technique enables visualization of opaque organs and tissues in 3-dimensions (3-D) by turning tissue transparent. Current tissue clearing methods are restricted by limited types of tissues that can be cleared with each individual protocol, which inevitably led to the presence of blind-spots within whole body or body parts imaging. Hard tissues including bones and teeth are still the most difficult organs to be cleared. In addition, loss of endogenous fluorescence remains a major concern for solvent-based clearing methods. Here, we developed a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-associated solvent system (PEGASOS), which rendered nearly all types of tissues transparent and preserved endogenous fluorescence. Bones and teeth could be turned nearly invisible after clearing. The PEGASOS method turned the whole adult mouse body transparent and we were able to image an adult mouse head composed of bones, teeth, brain, muscles, and other tissues with no blind areas. Hard tissue transparency enabled us to reconstruct intact mandible, teeth, femur, or knee joint in 3-D. In addition, we managed to image intact mouse brain at sub-cellular resolution and to trace individual neurons and axons over a long distance. We also visualized dorsal root ganglions directly through vertebrae. Finally, we revealed the distribution pattern of neural network in 3-D within the marrow space of long bone. These results suggest that the PEGASOS method is a useful tool for general biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Jing
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yi Men
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Chi Ma
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Yating Yi
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Abhijit Bugde
- Live Cell Imaging Core Facility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Bo O Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jian Q Feng
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Liang Gao
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i) Inc., 3509 Ringsby Court, Denver, CO, 80216, USA
| | - Woo-Ping Ge
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
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22
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Somaiah C, Kumar A, Sharma R, Sharma A, Anand T, Bhattacharyya J, Das D, Deka Talukdar S, Jaganathan BG. Mesenchymal stem cells show functional defect and decreased anti-cancer effect after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:5. [PMID: 29351753 PMCID: PMC5774172 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are used for several therapeutic applications to improve the functions of bone, cardiac, nervous tissue as well as to facilitate the repopulation of hematopoietic stem cells. MSC give rise to the non-hematopoietic stromal cells of the bone marrow and are important for the maintenance of normal hematopoiesis. Chemotherapeutic drugs used for treatment of leukemia extensively damage the stromal cells and alter their gene expression profiles. Methods We determined the changes in adipogenic, osteogenic differentiation, phenotypic and gene expression in MSC during treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs cytarabine, daunorubicin and vincristine. We also tested anti-cancer effects of drug treated MSC on leukemia cells. Results Treatment with the chemotherapeutic drugs resulted in functional defects in MSC, leading to reduced proliferation, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The drug treated MSC also showed decreased expression of cell surface receptors, and the changes in proliferation, phenotype and differentiation defect was partially reversible after withdrawing the drugs from the cells. The drug treated MSC showed increased expression of cytokines, IL6, FGF2 and TNFA but reduced levels of differentiation markers SOX9 and ACTC1. Drug treated MSC also contributed to reduced anti-cancer effects in leukemia cells. Conclusions Chemotherapeutic drug treatment altered the phenotype, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of MSC and modified the gene expression profile of the cells to render them more chemoprotective of the leukemic cells. Thus, additional therapeutic efforts to target the stromal cell population will help in preventing chemoresistance, disease relapse in leukemia and to maintain a healthy bone marrow stroma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-018-0407-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnapaka Somaiah
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Renu Sharma
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Trishna Anand
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Jina Bhattacharyya
- Department of Hematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Damodar Das
- Department of Hematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | | | - Bithiah Grace Jaganathan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.
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23
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Wang H, Kuang W. Optimization of MSC therapeutic strategies for improved GVHD treatment. INFECTION INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ii-2017-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a powerful immunosuppressive capacity, and they have been used to treat numerous immune diseases, such as refractory graft-versus-host disease. Nevertheless, there are conflicting clinical data. To our knowledge, MSCs from different donors do not share the same qualities and have different immunosuppressive capacities. Infused MSCs are cleared by the recipient’s immune cells or macrophages. Therefore, the MSC therapeutic strategy might be the most important factor that determines treatment success. Repeated infusions would lead to a relatively stable MSC concentration, which would benefit a sustained therapeutic effect. In this review, we focus on the quality of MSCs and the associated therapeutic strategy, as well as other potential variables affecting their utility as a cellular pharmaceutical.
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Distraction osteogenesis reconstruction of large segmental bone defects after primary tumor resection: pitfalls and benefits. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28643081 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-017-1998-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Successful cure is achieved in almost 70% of patients with primary bone sarcomas with currently available therapies. Some soft tissue sarcomas require wide bone resection in order to achieve appropriate margins for cure of disease, and patients undergoing these procedures need durable reconstruction. Biological reconstruction has been shown to provide patients with superior long-term results over other alternatives. Distraction osteogenesis is well studied in the correction of deformities as well as in addressing some congenital musculoskeletal pathologies. The use of this technique in tumor settings has been avoided by many surgeons for a multitude of concerns, including infection risk, potential tumor activation, and uncertainty regarding the effect of systemic therapy on the callus regenerate. We review the use of this reconstruction technique using cases from our institutional experience to illustrate its incorporation into the successful management of orthopedic oncology patients. Distraction osteogenesis is an effective method for reconstructing even large bony defects and is safe in the setting of systemic therapy. This technique has the potential to address some of the common problems associated with orthopedic oncology resection, such as infection and leg length discrepancy.
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Abstract
Research in the last few years has revealed a sophisticated interaction network between multiple bone marrow cells that regulate different hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) properties such as proliferation, differentiation, localization, and self-renewal during homeostasis. These mechanisms are essential to keep the physiological HSC numbers in check and interfere with malignant progression. In addition to the identification of multiple mutations and chromosomal aberrations driving the progression of myeloid malignancies, alterations in the niche compartment recently gained attention for contributing to disease progression. Leukemic cells can remodel the niche into a permissive environment favoring leukemic stem cell expansion over normal HSC maintenance, and evidence is accumulating that certain niche alterations can even induce leukemic transformation. Relapse after chemotherapy is still a major challenge during treatment of myeloid malignancies, and cure is only rarely achieved. Recent progress in understanding the niche-imposed chemoresistance mechanisms will likely contribute to the improvement of current therapeutic strategies. This article discusses the role of different niche cells and their stage- and disease-specific roles during progression of myeloid malignancies and in response to chemotherapy.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Kidney Disease: A Review of Clinical Evidence. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4798639. [PMID: 27721835 PMCID: PMC5046016 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4798639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells form a population of self-renewing, multipotent cells that can be isolated from several tissues. Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated that the administration of exogenous MSC could prevent renal injury and could promote renal recovery through a series of complex mechanisms, in particular via immunomodulation of the immune system and release of paracrine factors and microvesicles. Due to their therapeutic potentials, MSC are being evaluated as a possible player in treatment of human kidney disease, and an increasing number of clinical trials to assess the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of MSC-based therapy in various kidney diseases have been proposed. In the present review, we will summarize the current knowledge on MSC infusion to treat acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and kidney transplantation. The data obtained from these clinical trials will provide further insight into safety, feasibility, and efficacy of MSC-based therapy in renal pathologies and allow the design of consensus protocol for clinical purpose.
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Hori E, Hayakawa Y, Hayashi T, Hori S, Okamoto S, Shibata T, Kubo M, Horie Y, Sasahara M, Kuroda S. Mobilization of Pluripotent Multilineage-Differentiating Stress-Enduring Cells in Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:1473-81. [PMID: 27019988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
GOAL This prospective study was aimed to prove the hypothesis that multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are mobilized from bone marrow into peripheral blood in patients with ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 29 patients with ischemic stroke. To quantify the circulating Muse cells, peripheral blood was obtained from all patients on admission and at days 7 and 30. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Muse cells were identified as stage-specific embryonic antigen-3-positive cells. The control values were obtained from 5 healthy volunteers. Separately, immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the distribution of Muse cells in the bone marrow of 8 autopsy cases. FINDINGS The number of Muse cells robustly increased within 24 hours after the onset, compared with the controls, but their baseline number and temporal profile widely varied among patients. No clinical data predicted the baseline number of Muse cells at the onset. Multivariate analysis revealed that smoking and alcohol intake significantly affect the increase in circulating Muse cells. The odds ratio was .0027 (P = .0336) and 1688 (P = .0220) for smoking and alcohol intake, respectively. The percentage of Muse cells in the bone marrow was .20% ± .17%. CONCLUSION This study shows that pluripotent Muse cells are mobilized from the bone marrow into peripheral blood in the acute stage of ischemic stroke. Smoking and alcohol intake significantly affect their temporal profile. Therapeutic interventions that increase endogenous Muse cells or exogenous administration of Muse cells may improve functional outcome after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Hori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomohide Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Soushi Okamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Shibata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michiya Kubo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukio Horie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sasahara
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Lin HD, Fong CY, Biswas A, Choolani M, Bongso A. Human Wharton's jelly stem cells, its conditioned medium and cell-free lysate inhibit the growth of human lymphoma cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2015; 10:573-86. [PMID: 24789672 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several groups have reported that primitive mesenchymal stem cells from the gelatinous matrix of the Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord (hWJSCs) possess tumoricidal properties and inhibit the growth of solid tumours such as human mammary carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma and osteosarcoma. This unique characteristic led to the hypothesis that hWJSCs serve as a natural defence against migrating cancer cells from mother to fetus thus explaining why tumorigenesis in the fetus is rare. However, it is not known whether non-solid malignant hematopoietic cells are also inhibited by hWJSCs and what the exact tumoricidal mechanisms are. We therefore evaluated the influence of hWJSCs and its extracts on Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Cell proliferation (BrdU and Ki67+), viability (MTT) and cell death (Annexin V-Propidium iodide and live/dead) assays showed significant inhibition of lymphoma cell growth after 48 h exposure to hWJSCs or its extracts compared to controls. Increased cell death was observed at sub-G1 and S and decreased proliferation at G2/M phases of the mitotic cycle. Superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxide activity were significantly increased and glutathione peroxidase significantly decreased in treated lymphoma cells. Time lapse imaging and confocal z-stack images showed yellow fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) signals of lymphoma cell Y chromosomes within the cytoplasm of female red labelled hWJSCs. We hypothesize that the growth of lymphoma cells is inhibited by the molecules secreted by hWJSCs that use oxidative stress pathways to induce cell death followed by engulfment of the apoptotic remains of the lymphoma cells by the hWJSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Daniel Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, Singapore, 119228
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Bendall LJ, Bradstock KF. G-CSF: From granulopoietic stimulant to bone marrow stem cell mobilizing agent. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 25:355-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mastri M, Lin H, Lee T. Enhancing the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:82-93. [PMID: 24772236 PMCID: PMC3999784 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is entering a challenging phase after completion of many preclinical and clinical trials. Among the major hurdles encountered in MSC therapy are inconsistent stem cell potency, poor cell engraftment and survival, and age/disease-related host tissue impairment. The recognition that MSCs primarily mediate therapeutic benefits through paracrine mechanisms independent of cell differentiation provides a promising framework for enhancing stem cell potency and therapeutic benefits. Several MSC priming approaches are highlighted, which will likely allow us to harness the full potential of adult stem cells for their future routine clinical use.
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Ueda T, Fujita A, Ogawa R, Itoh Y, Fukunaga Y, Shimada T, Migita M. Adipose-derived stromal cells grown on a hydroxyapatite scaffold can support hematopoiesis in regenerated bone marrow in vivo. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:790-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Fujita
- Pediatrics; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Shimada
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Migita
- Pediatrics; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
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Kim DS, Lee MW, Noh YH, Jang MC, Lee SH, Son MH, Jung HL, Yoo KH, Sung KW, Koo HH. Engraftment efficacy of human hematopoietic stem cells transplanted into NOD/SCID mice using two methods: intra-bone marrow transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and intravenous co-transplantation with mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Haematol 2013; 131:179-82. [PMID: 24247560 DOI: 10.1159/000351273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dae Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Dai T, Yang E, Sun Y, Zhang L, Zhang L, Shen N, Li S, Liu L, Xie Y, Wu S, Gao Z. Preparation and drug release mechanism of CTS-TAX-NP-MSCs drug delivery system. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:186-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wang J, Liao L, Wang S, Tan J. Cell therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cells-how the disease process impacts clinical considerations. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:893-904. [PMID: 23751203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.01.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prospective clinical use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) holds enormous promise for the treatment of a large number of degenerative and age-related diseases. In particular, autologous MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM) are considered safe and have been extensively evaluated in clinical trials. Nevertheless, different efficacies have been reported, depending on the health status and age of the donor. In addition, the biological functions of BM-MSCs from patients with various diseases may be impaired. Furthermore, medical treatments such as long-term chemotherapy and immunomodulatory therapy may damage the BM microenvironment and affect the therapeutic potential of MSCs. Therefore, a number of practical problems must be addressed before autologous BM-MSCs can be widely applied with higher efficiency in patients. As such, this review focuses on various factors that directly influence the biological properties of BM-MSCs, and we discuss the possible mechanisms of these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Organ Transplant Institute, Fuzhou General Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
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Lucas D, Scheiermann C, Chow A, Kunisaki Y, Bruns I, Barrick C, Tessarollo L, Frenette PS. Chemotherapy-induced bone marrow nerve injury impairs hematopoietic regeneration. Nat Med 2013; 19:695-703. [PMID: 23644514 PMCID: PMC3964478 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cancer chemotherapy drugs challenge hematopoietic tissues to regenerate, but commonly produce long-term sequelae. Deficits in hematopoietic stem or stromal cell function have been described, but the mechanisms mediating chemotherapy-induced hematopoietic dysfunction remain unclear. Administration of multiple cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy causes significant sensory neuropathy. Here, we demonstrate that chemotherapy-induced nerve injury in the bone marrow is a critical lesion impairing hematopoietic regeneration. We show using various pharmacological and genetic models that the selective loss of adrenergic innervation in the BM alters its regeneration following genotoxic insult. Sympathetic nerves in the marrow promote the survival of stem cell niche constituents that initiate recovery. Neuroprotection by deletion of Trp53 in sympathetic neurons or neuro-regeneration using 4-methylcatechol or glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) administration can restore hematopoietic recovery. Thus, these results shed light on the potential benefit of adrenergic nerve protection to shield hematopoietic niches from injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lucas
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Prince DE. The use of distraction osteogenesis for reconstruction of bone defects after tumor resection of high-grade lesions. CURRENT ORTHOPAEDIC PRACTICE 2013. [DOI: 10.1097/bco.0b013e31829413d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kwong-Lam F, Chi-Fung CG. Vincristine could partly suppress stromal support to T-ALL blasts during pegylated arginase I treatment. Exp Hematol Oncol 2013; 2:11. [PMID: 23574711 PMCID: PMC3655039 DOI: 10.1186/2162-3619-2-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Relapsed T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has been an incurable disease. Recent reports showed that an L-arginine depleting enzyme, pegylated arginase (BCT-100) may be effective against T-ALL cells. On the other hand, studies including ours had shown the symbiosis of ALL blasts and human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in bone marrow microenvironment during L-asparaginase treatment. As L-asparaginase and BCT-100 both act by depleting lymphoid cells of specific amino acid, we hypothesized that hMSCs may also protect T-ALL blasts from BCT-100 treatment in co-culture and such protection may be abrogated by pre-treating hMSCs with vincristine (VCR). Methods XTT assay was used to test sensitivities of T-ALL cell lines and hMSCs to BCT-100. Apoptosis of T-ALL cell lines with or without BCT-100 treatment were tested by annexin V / propidium iodide (AV/PI) assay using flow cytometer. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), an enzyme involved in L-arginine metabolism which may account for BCT-100 resistance. Results hMSCs were resistant to BCT-100 while CCRF-CEM, Jurkat and MOLT-4 were very sensitive to it. hMSCs could protect all the three cell lines from BCT-100 treatment in transwell co-culture. All the 3 T-ALL cell lines were also found to be rescued by an L-arginine precursor citrulline, while the breakdown product of BCT-100, ornithine only had limited salvaging effect on CCRF-CEM but not Jurkat and MOLT-4. Both hMSCs and 3 T-ALL cell lines express citrulline synthesis enzyme, ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) at basal level while only hMSCs could express OTC at relatively higher level under BCT-100 treatment. Treating hMSCs with vincristine before co-culturing with T-ALL could resume the cytotoxicity of BCT-100 to CCRF-CEM and MOLT-4 cells. Conclusions Our results suggest a possible strategy to overcome resistance to BCT-100 from cancer microenvironments by suppressing hMSCs either in marrow or in the perivascular niche using vincristine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fung Kwong-Lam
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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Zhu RJ, Wu MQ, Li ZJ, Zhang Y, Liu KY. Hematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy is improved by BADGE-induced inhibition of adipogenesis. Int J Hematol 2012; 97:58-72. [PMID: 23264188 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-012-1233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the role of increased adipocytes in the bone marrow (BM) niche induced by high-dose chemotherapy in hematopoietic recovery. Arabinosylcytosine (Ara-C) was administered to adult C57BL/6J mice to induce adipogenesis in the BM. We investigated the effects of adipogenesis on hematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy, using the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibitor, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE). Adipocyte hyperplasia could be induced by Ara-C treatment in BM and inhibited by BADGE. The accelerated recovery of leukocyte counts, increased colony forming units, and a higher proportion of Ki67(+)CD45(+) BM cells and Ki67(+)Lin(-)Sca1(+)c-kit(+) hematopoietic stem cells were observed in the long bone marrow of adipocyte-inhibited mice, as well as an increase in the number of CD45(+) BM cells in the tail fatty marrow compared to controls. Adipocytes participated in creating a distinctive niche for hematopoietic cells. In addition, lower expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1α and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha were detected in the BADGE-treated group. These results indicate that hematopoietic recovery is improved following chemotherapy in adipogenesis-inhibited mice. In addition, adipocytes may create an individual niche that affects the proliferation and migration of hematopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jia Zhu
- Peking University People's Hospital and Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Hematological Diseases, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
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Nishiwaki S, Nakayama T, Saito S, Mizuno H, Ozaki T, Takahashi Y, Maruyama S, Nishida T, Murata M, Kojima S, Naoe T. Efficacy and safety of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells for supporting hematopoiesis. Int J Hematol 2012; 96:295-300. [PMID: 22782260 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-012-1140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) from mice are capable of reconstituting the hematopoietic microenvironment, and facilitate hematopoiesis more effectively than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in mouse. The ready accessibility of fat tissue rich in MSCs and the higher hematopoiesis-supporting capacities of ADSCs suggest that ADSCs might represent a new therapeutic modality for the regeneration of impaired hematopoiesis. As a further step towards their use in clinical practice, we established human BMSCs and ADSCs from healthy volunteers of similar age, and compared their proliferation capacities, hematopoiesis-supporting properties, and safety. In vitro cell proliferation studies revealed that ADSCs have a higher population doubling number than BMSCs. In vitro co-culture assays showed that ADSCs not only support human CD34(+) peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), but also yield significantly more non-adherent hematic cells than BMSCs. In vitro progenitor assays revealed that ADSCs promote a higher frequency of early progenitors than do BMSCs. Interestingly, BM cellularity in irradiated mice that had received ADSCs tended to be higher than that of mice treated with BMSCs. When MSCs were injected into the BM cavity of tibiae, we observed no evidence of MSC-induced toxicity either during or after treatment. In addition, no microscopic abnormalities were observed in the bone marrow and major organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nishiwaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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Development of a novel, physiologically relevant cytotoxicity model: Application to the study of chemotherapeutic damage to mesenchymal stromal cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 263:374-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mesenchymal stem cells: a potential targeted-delivery vehicle for anti-cancer drug, loaded nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 9:174-84. [PMID: 22772046 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The targeted delivery of anticancer agents is a promising field in anticancer therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have inherent tumor-tropic and migratory properties, which allow them to serve as vehicles for targeted drug delivery systems for isolated tumors and metastatic diseases. MSCs have been successfully studied and discussed as a vehicle for cancer gene therapy. However, MSCs have not yet been discussed adequately as a potential vehicle for traditional anticancer drugs. In this review, we will examine the potential of MSCs as a targeted-delivery vehicle for anticancer drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs), summarize various challenges, and discuss possible solutions for these challenges. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this review, the feasibility of mesenchymal stem cell-based targeted delivery of anticancer agents is discussed.
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Emerging roles for multipotent, bone marrow-derived stromal cells in host defense. Blood 2012; 119:1801-9. [PMID: 22228625 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-10-384354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent, bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs]), are culture-expanded, nonhematopoietic cells with immunomodulatory effects currently being investigated as novel cellular therapy to prevent and to treat clinical disease associated with aberrant immune response. Emerging preclinical studies suggest that BMSCs may protect against infectious challenge either by direct effects on the pathogen or through indirect effects on the host. BMSCs may reduce pathogen burden by inhibiting growth through soluble factors or by enhancing immune cell antimicrobial function. In the host, BMSCs may attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine induction, reduce pro-inflammatory cell migration into sites of injury and infection, and induce immunoregulatory soluble and cellular factors to preserve organ function. These preclinical studies provide provocative hints into the direction MSC therapeutics may take in the future. Notably, BMSCs appear to function as a critical fulcrum, providing balance by promoting pathogen clearance during the initial inflammatory response while suppressing inflammation to preserve host integrity and facilitate tissue repair. Such exquisite balance in BMSC function appears intrinsically linked to Toll-like receptor signaling and immune crosstalk.
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Are mesenchymal stem cells major sources of safe signals in immune system? Cell Immunol 2012; 272:112-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Carrancio S, Blanco B, Romo C, Muntion S, Lopez-Holgado N, Blanco JF, Briñon JG, San Miguel JF, Sanchez-Guijo FM, del Cañizo MC. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for improving hematopoietic function: an in vitro and in vivo model. Part 2: Effect on bone marrow microenvironment. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26241. [PMID: 22028841 PMCID: PMC3197625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine how mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) could improve bone marrow (BM) stroma function after damage, both in vitro and in vivo. Human MSC from 20 healthy donors were isolated and expanded. Mobilized selected CD34+ progenitor cells were obtained from 20 HSCT donors. For in vitro study, long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC) were performed using a etoposide damaged stromal model to test MSC effect in stromal confluence, capability of MSC to lodge in stromal layer as well as some molecules (SDF1, osteopontin,) involved in hematopoietic niche maintenance were analyzed. For the in vivo model, 64 NOD/SCID recipients were transplanted with CD34+ cells administered either by intravenous (IV) or intrabone (IB) route, with or without BM derived MSC. MSC lodgement within the BM niche was assessed by FISH analysis and the expression of SDF1 and osteopontin by immunohistochemistry. In vivo study showed that when the stromal damage was severe, TP-MSC could lodge in the etoposide-treated BM stroma, as shown by FISH analysis. Osteopontin and SDF1 were differently expressed in damaged stroma and their expression restored after TP-MSC addition. Human in vivo MSC lodgement was observed within BM niche by FISH, but MSC only were detected and not in the contralateral femurs. Human MSC were located around blood vessels in the subendoestal region of femurs and expressed SDF1 and osteopontin. In summary, our data show that MSC can restore BM stromal function and also engraft when a higher stromal damage was done. Interestingly, MSC were detected locally where they were administered but not in the contralateral femur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Carrancio
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Belen Blanco
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Romo
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Muntion
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Natalia Lopez-Holgado
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Juan F. Blanco
- Servicio de Traumatología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus G. Briñon
- Departamento de Biologia Celular y Patologia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus F. San Miguel
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fermin M. Sanchez-Guijo
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
| | - M. Consuelo del Cañizo
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León and Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (Tercel, ISCIII), Castilla y León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Alkylating chemotherapeutic agents cyclophosphamide and melphalan cause functional injury to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Ann Hematol 2011; 90:777-89. [PMID: 21234567 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-010-1141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The adverse effects of melphalan and cyclophosphamide on hematopoietic stem cells are well-known; however, the effects on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) residing in the bone marrow are less well characterised. Examining the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on patient MSCs in vivo is difficult due to variability in patients and differences in the drug combinations used, both of which could have implications on MSC function. As drugs are not commonly used as single agents during high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) regimens, there is a lack of data comparing the short- or long-term effects these drugs have on patients post treatment. To help address these problems, the effects of the alkylating chemotherapeutic agents cyclophosphamide and melphalan on human bone marrow MSCs were evaluated in vitro. Within this study, the exposure of MSCs to the chemotherapeutic agents cyclophosphamide or melphalan had strong negative effects on MSC expansion and CD44 expression. In addition, changes were seen in the ability of MSCs to support hematopoietic cell migration and repopulation. These observations therefore highlight potential disadvantages in the use of autologous MSCs in chemotherapeutically pre-treated patients for future therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, this study suggests that if the damage caused by chemotherapeutic agents to marrow MSCs is substantial, it would be logical to use cultured allogeneic MSCs therapeutically to assist or repair the marrow microenvironment after HDC.
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