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Cui L, Zheng F, Zhang D, Li C, Li M, Ye J, Zhang Y, Wang T, Ouyang B, Hong Z, Ye Z, Zhang J. Tomato methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 functions in drought tolerance by promoting ROS scavenging and chlorophyll accumulation through interaction with Catalase 2 and RBCS3B. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 318:111206. [PMID: 35351297 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are inevitably generated in aerobic organisms as by-products of common metabolism and as the result of defense and development. ROS readily oxidizes methionine (Met) residues of proteins to form Met-R-sulfoxide or Met-S-sulfoxide (MetSO), resulting in protein inactivation or malfunction. Although it is known that MetSO can be reverted to Met by methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr), the mechanism how Msr interacts with its target proteins is poorly understood. In this study, two target proteins of tomato MsrB2 (SlMsrB2), catalase 2 (CAT2) and the Rubisco small subunit RBCS3B, were identified. Silencing of SlMsrB2 by RNA interference (RNAi) in tomato led to decreased drought tolerance, accompanied by increased ROS accumulation and chlorophyll degradation. By contrast, overexpression of SlMsrB2 in tomato significantly reduced ROS accumulation and enhanced drought tolerance. Protein interaction analysis showed that SlMsrB2 interacts with CAT2 and RBCS3B in vitro and in planta. Silencing of CAT2 by RNAi and RBCS3B by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) resulted in development of pale green leaves and enhanced ROS accumulation in tomato plants. These results demonstrate that SlMsrB2 functions in drought tolerance and promotes chlorophyll accumulation by modulating ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fangyan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dedi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changxing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Miao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Ouyang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zonglie Hong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Yao L, Li P, Du Q, Quan M, Li L, Xiao L, Song F, Lu W, Fang Y, Zhang D. Genetic Architecture Underlying the Metabolites of Chlorogenic Acid Biosynthesis in Populus tomentosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2386. [PMID: 33673666 PMCID: PMC7957499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) plays a crucial role in defense response, immune regulation, and the response to abiotic stress in plants. However, the genetic regulatory network of CGA biosynthesis pathways in perennial plants remains unclear. Here, we investigated the genetic architecture for CGA biosynthesis using a metabolite-based genome-wide association study (mGWAS) and expression quantitative trait nucleotide (eQTN) mapping in a population of 300 accessions of Populus tomentosa. In total, we investigated 204 SNPs which were significantly associated with 11 metabolic traits, corresponding to 206 genes, and were mainly involved in metabolism and cell growth processes of P. tomentosa. We identified 874 eQTNs representing 1066 genes, in which the expression and interaction of causal genes affected phenotypic variation. Of these, 102 genes showed significant signatures of selection in three geographical populations, which provided insights into the adaptation of CGA biosynthesis to the local environment. Finally, we constructed a genetic network of six causal genes that coordinately regulate CGA biosynthesis, revealing the multiple regulatory patterns affecting CGA accumulation in P. tomentosa. Our study provides a multiomics strategy for understanding the genetic basis underlying the natural variation in the CGA biosynthetic metabolites of Populus, which will enhance the genetic development of abiotic-resistance varieties in forest trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangchen Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingzhang Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingyang Quan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lianzheng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fangyuan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenjie Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Y.); (P.L.); (Q.D.); (M.Q.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (F.S.); (W.L.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
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Xie Y, Chen L, Sun T, Jiang J, Tian L, Cui J, Zhang W. A transporter Slr1512 involved in bicarbonate and pH-dependent acclimation mechanism to high light stress in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148336. [PMID: 33181099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High light (HL) exposure leads to photoinhibition and excess accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in photosynthetic organisms, negatively impacting the global primary production. In this study, by screening a mutant library, a gene related with bicarbonate transport, slr1512, was found involved in HL acclimation in model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Comparative growth analysis showed that the slr1512 knockout mutant dramatically enhanced the tolerance of Synechocystis towards long-term HL stress (200 μmol photons m-2 s-1) than the wild type, achieving an enhanced growth by ~1.95-folds after 10 d. The phenotype differences between Δslr1512 and the wild type were analyzed via absorption spectrum and chlorophyll a content measurement. In addition, the accessible bicarbonate controlled by slr1512 and decreased PSII activity were demonstrated, and they were found to be the key factors affecting the tolerance of Synechocystis against HL stress. Further analysis confirmed that intracellular bicarbonate can significantly affect the activity of photosystem II, leading to the altered accumulation of toxic ROS under HL. Finally, a comparative transcriptomics was applied to determine the differential responses to HL between Δslr1512 and the wild type. This work provides useful insights to long-term acclimation mechanisms towards HL and valuable information to guide the future tolerance engineering of cyanobacteria against HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Xie
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Tao Sun
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Lijin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Jinyu Cui
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Zhuang K, Wang J, Jiao B, Chen C, Zhang J, Ma N, Meng Q. WHIRLY1 maintains leaf photosynthetic capacity in tomato by regulating the expression of RbcS1 under chilling stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3653-3663. [PMID: 32189001 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco, which consists of eight large subunits (RBCLs) and eight small subunits (RBCSs), is a major photosynthetic enzyme that is sensitive to chilling stress. However, it is largely unclear how plants maintain high Rubisco content under low temperature conditions. Here, we report that tomato WHIRLY1 (SlWHY1) positively regulates the Rubisco level under chilling stress by directly binding to the promoter region of SlRbcS1, resulting in the activation of SlRbcS1 expression. SlRbcS1-overexpressing lines had higher Rubisco contents and were more resistant to chilling stress compared with the wild type. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that, among the five RbcS genes, only SlRbcS1 expression is up-regulated by chilling treatment. These results indicate that SlWHIRLY1 specifically enhances the levels of SlRbcS1 and confers tolerance to chilling stress. The amino acid sequence of SlRBCS1 shows 92.67% identity with those of another two RBCS proteins and three residues are specifically found in SlRBCS1. However, mutation of these residues to alanine in SlRBCS1 does not influence its function during cold adaptation. Thus, we conclude that high levels of Rubisco, but not the specific residues in SlRBCS1, play important roles in tolerance to chilling stress in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
| | - Baozhen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
| | - Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
| | - Nana Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong, China
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Hua D, Ma M, Ge G, Suleman M, Li H. The role of cyanide-resistant respiration in Solanum tuberosum L. against high light stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:425-432. [PMID: 32052535 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cyanide-resistant respiration in potato mitochondria is an important pathway for energy dissipation. It can be activated by high light; however, it is unclear what roles cyanide-resistant respiration plays in the response to high light stress in potato. We designed a CRISPR vector for the functional gene StAOX of the potato cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway. Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 was transformed into potato. Hydrogen peroxide level, MDA content, antioxidant activity and cyanide-resistant respiratory capacity of potato leaves under high light stress were determined. Photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content were determined. In addition, the operation of the malate-oxaloacetate shuttle route and transcription level of photorespiration-related enzymes were also examined. The results showed that two base substitutions occurred at the sequencing target site on leaves of the transformed potato. Accumulation of ROS and increased membrane lipid peroxidation were detected in the transformed potato leaves and lower photosynthetic efficiency was observed. The transcription level of the malate-oxaloacetate shuttle route and photorespiration-related enzymes also significantly increased. These results indicate that the cyanide-resistant respiration is an important physiological pathway in potato in response to high light stress. It also suggests that plant cyanide-resistant respiration is closely related to photosynthesis. This implies the unexplored importance of plant cyanide-resistant respiration in plant photosynthesis, energy conversion and carbon skeleton formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hua
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - M Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - G Ge
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - M Suleman
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - H Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Kosugi M, Maruo F, Inoue T, Kurosawa N, Kawamata A, Koike H, Kamei Y, Kudoh S, Imura S. A comparative study of wavelength-dependent photoinactivation in photosystem II of drought-tolerant photosynthetic organisms in Antarctica and the potential risks of photoinhibition in the habitat. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:1263-1278. [PMID: 30052754 PMCID: PMC6324753 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS All photosynthetic organisms are faced with photoinhibition, which would lead to death in severe environments. Because light quality and light intensity fluctuate dynamically in natural microenvironments, quantitative and qualitative analysis of photoinhibition is important to clarify how this environmental pressure has impacted ecological behaviour in different organisms. METHODS We evaluated the wavelength dependency of photoinactivation to photosystem II (PSII) of Prasiola crispa (green alga), Umbilicaria decussata (lichen) and Ceratodon purpureus (bryophyte) harvested from East Antarctica. For evaluation, we calculated reaction coefficients, Epis, of PSII photoinactivation against energy dose using a large spectrograph. Daily fluctuation of the rate coefficient of photoinactivation, kpi, was estimated from Epis and ambient light spectra measured during the summer season. KEY RESULTS Wavelength dependency of PSII photoinactivation was different for the three species, although they form colonies in close proximity to each other in Antarctica. The lichen exhibited substantial resistance to photoinactivation at all wavelengths, while the bryophyte showed sensitivity only to UV-B light (<325 nm). On the other hand, the green alga, P. crispa, showed ten times higher Epi to UV-B light than the bryophyte. It was much more sensitive to UV-A (325-400 nm). The risk of photoinhibition fluctuated considerably throughout the day. On the other hand, Epis were reduced dramatically for dehydrated compared with hydrated P. crispa. CONCLUSIONS The deduced rate coefficients of photoinactivation under ambient sunlight suggested that P. crispa needs to pay a greater cost to recover from photodamage than the lichen or the bryophyte in order to keep sufficient photosynthetic activity under the Antarctic habitat. A newly identified drought-induced protection mechanism appears to operate in P. crispa, and it plays a critical role in preventing the oxygen-evolving complex from photoinactivation when the repair cycle is inhibited by dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Kosugi
- National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- For correspondence. E-mail:
| | - Fumino Maruo
- Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Kurosawa
- Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Kawamata
- Nature Research Group, Ehime Prefectural Science Museum, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koike
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Sakae Kudoh
- National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imura
- National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
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Cervera H, Ambrós S, Bernet GP, Rodrigo G, Elena SF. Viral Fitness Correlates with the Magnitude and Direction of the Perturbation Induced in the Host's Transcriptome: The Tobacco Etch Potyvirus-Tobacco Case Study. Mol Biol Evol 2018; 35:1599-1615. [PMID: 29562354 PMCID: PMC5995217 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the fitness of viral genotypes has become a standard practice in virology as it is essential to evaluate their evolutionary potential. Darwinian fitness, defined as the advantage of a given genotype with respect to a reference one, is a complex property that captures, in a single figure, differences in performance at every stage of viral infection. To what extent does viral fitness result from specific molecular interactions with host factors and regulatory networks during infection? Can we identify host genes in functional classes whose expression depends on viral fitness? Here, we compared the transcriptomes of tobacco plants infected with seven genotypes of tobacco etch potyvirus that differ in fitness. We found that the larger the fitness differences among genotypes, the more dissimilar the transcriptomic profiles are. Consistently, two different mutations, one in the viral RNA polymerase and another in the viral suppressor of RNA silencing, resulted in significantly similar gene expression profiles. Moreover, we identified host genes whose expression showed a significant correlation, positive or negative, with the virus' fitness. Differentially expressed genes which were positively correlated with viral fitness activate hormone- and RNA silencing-mediated pathways of plant defense. In contrast, those that were negatively correlated with fitness affect metabolism, reducing growth, and development. Overall, these results reveal the high information content of viral fitness and suggest its potential use to predict differences in genomic profiles of infected hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Cervera
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnia de València, Campus UPV CPI 8E, València, Spain
| | - Silvia Ambrós
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnia de València, Campus UPV CPI 8E, València, Spain
| | - Guillermo P Bernet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnia de València, Campus UPV CPI 8E, València, Spain
| | - Guillermo Rodrigo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnia de València, Campus UPV CPI 8E, València, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (ISysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Parc Científic UV, Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna, València, Spain
| | - Santiago F Elena
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnia de València, Campus UPV CPI 8E, València, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (ISysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Parc Científic UV, Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna, València, Spain
- The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM
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Wu H, Shi N, An X, Liu C, Fu H, Cao L, Feng Y, Sun D, Zhang L. Candidate Genes for Yellow Leaf Color in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and Major Related Metabolic Pathways according to Transcriptome Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061594. [PMID: 29843474 PMCID: PMC6032196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The photosynthetic capacity and efficiency of a crop depends on the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and chloroplast development. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of chloroplast development and chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis in common wheat because of its huge and complex genome. Ygm, a spontaneous yellow-green leaf color mutant of winter wheat, exhibits reduced Chl contents and abnormal chloroplast development. Thus, we searched for candidate genes associated with this phenotype. Comparative transcriptome profiling was performed using leaves from the yellow leaf color type (Y) and normal green color type (G) of the Ygm mutant progeny. We identified 1227 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Y compared with G (i.e., 689 upregulated genes and 538 downregulated genes). Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the DEGs were involved in Chl biosynthesis (i.e., magnesium chelatase subunit H (CHLH) and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR) genes), carotenoid biosynthesis (i.e., β-carotene hydroxylase (BCH) genes), photosynthesis, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. We also identified heat shock protein (HSP) genes (sHSP, HSP70, HSP90, and DnaJ) and heat shock transcription factor genes that might have vital roles in chloroplast development. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the relevant DEGs confirmed the RNA-Seq results. Moreover, measurements of seven intermediate products involved in Chl biosynthesis and five carotenoid compounds involved in carotenoid-xanthophyll biosynthesis confirmed that CHLH and BCH are vital enzymes for the unusual leaf color phenotype in Y type. These results provide insights into leaf color variation in wheat at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Narong Shi
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xuyao An
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Cong Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Hongfei Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Li Cao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yi Feng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Daojie Sun
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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9
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Wang Z, Liu W, Fan G, Zhai X, Zhao Z, Dong Y, Deng M, Cao Y. Quantitative proteome-level analysis of paulownia witches' broom disease with methyl methane sulfonate assistance reveals diverse metabolic changes during the infection and recovery processes. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3495. [PMID: 28690927 PMCID: PMC5497676 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) disease caused by phytoplasma is a fatal disease that leads to considerable economic losses. Although there are a few reports describing studies of PaWB pathogenesis, the molecular mechanisms underlying phytoplasma pathogenicity in Paulownia trees remain uncharacterized. In this study, after building a transcriptome database containing 67,177 sequences, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) to quantify and analyze the proteome-level changes among healthy P. fortunei (PF), PaWB-infected P. fortunei (PFI), and PaWB-infected P. fortunei treated with 20 mg L-1 or 60 mg L-1 methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) (PFI-20 and PFI-60, respectively). A total of 2,358 proteins were identified. We investigated the proteins profiles in PF vs. PFI (infected process) and PFI-20 vs. PFI-60 (recovered process), and further found that many of the MMS-response proteins mapped to "photosynthesis" and "ribosome" pathways. Based on our comparison scheme, 36 PaWB-related proteins were revealed. Among them, 32 proteins were classified into three functional groups: (1) carbohydrate and energy metabolism, (2) protein synthesis and degradation, and (3) stress resistance. We then investigated the PaWB-related proteins involved in the infected and recovered processes, and discovered that carbohydrate and energy metabolism was inhibited, and protein synthesis and degradation decreased, as the plant responded to PaWB. Our observations may be useful for characterizing the proteome-level changes that occur at different stages of PaWB disease. The data generated in this study may serve as a valuable resource for elucidating the pathogenesis of PaWB disease during phytoplasma infection and recovery stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenshan Liu
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Fan
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Zhenli Zhao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanpeng Dong
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minjie Deng
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yabing Cao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Sofer L, Cabanillas DG, Gayral M, Téplier R, Pouzoulet J, Ducousso M, Dufin L, Bréhélin C, Ziegler-Graff V, Brault V, Revers F. Identification of host factors potentially involved in RTM-mediated resistance during potyvirus long distance movement. Arch Virol 2017; 162:1855-1865. [PMID: 28251380 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The long distance movement of potyviruses is a poorly understood step of the viral cycle. Only factors inhibiting this process, referred to as "Restricted TEV Movement" (RTM), have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. On the virus side, the potyvirus coat protein (CP) displays determinants required for long-distance movement and for RTM-based resistance breaking. However, the potyvirus CP was previously shown not to interact with the RTM proteins. We undertook the identification of Arabidopsis factors which directly interact with either the RTM proteins or the CP of lettuce mosaic virus (LMV). An Arabidopsis cDNA library generated from companion cells was screened with LMV CP and RTM proteins using the yeast two-hybrid system. Fourteen interacting proteins were identified. Two of them were shown to interact with CP and the RTM proteins suggesting that a multiprotein complex could be formed between the RTM proteins and virions or viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. Co-localization experiments in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that most of the viral and cellular protein pairs co-localized at the periphery of chloroplasts which suggests a putative role for plastids in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Sofer
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Garcia Cabanillas
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayral
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Rachèle Téplier
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jérôme Pouzoulet
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Marie Ducousso
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- UMR 0385 BGPI, Virus Insecte Plante, INRA, Campus international de Bailllarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurène Dufin
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Claire Bréhélin
- UMR 5200, Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Véronique Ziegler-Graff
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Laboratoire propre du CNRS conventionné avec l'Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Frédéric Revers
- BFP, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
- BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac, France.
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11
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Identifying the Genes Regulated by AtWRKY6 Using Comparative Transcript and Proteomic Analysis under Phosphorus Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051046. [PMID: 28498313 PMCID: PMC5454958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important mineral nutrient for plant growth and development. Overexpressing AtWRKY6 (35S:WRKY6-9) was more sensitive and wrky6 (wrky6-1) was more resistant under low Pi conditions. To better understand the function of AtWRKY6 under low phosphate stress conditions, we applied two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to analyse differentially expressed proteins in the shoots and roots between wild type, 35S:WRKY6-9 and wrky6-1 after phosphorus deficiency treatment for three days. The results showed 88 differentially abundant protein spots, which were identified between the shoots and roots of 35S:WRKY6-9 and wrky6-1 plants. In addition, 59 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the leaves and roots of 35S:WRKY6-9 plants. After analysis, 9 genes with W-box elements in their promoter sequences were identified in the leaves, while 6 genes with W-box elements in their promoter sequences were identified in the roots. A total of 8 genes were identified as potential target genes according to the quantitative PCR (QPCR) and two dimension difference gel electrophoresis, (2D-DIGE) results, including ATP synthase, gln synthetase, nitrilase, 14-3-3 protein, carbonic anhydrases 2, and tryptophan synthase. These results provide important information concerning the AtWRKY6 regulation network and reveal potential vital target genes of AtWRKY6 under low phosphorus stress. two dimension difference gel electrophoresis, 2D-DIGE.
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12
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Atkinson N, Leitão N, Orr DJ, Meyer MT, Carmo‐Silva E, Griffiths H, Smith AM, McCormick AJ. Rubisco small subunits from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas complement Rubisco-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:655-667. [PMID: 28084636 PMCID: PMC5363358 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Introducing components of algal carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) into higher plant chloroplasts could increase photosynthetic productivity. A key component is the Rubisco-containing pyrenoid that is needed to minimise CO2 retro-diffusion for CCM operating efficiency. Rubisco in Arabidopsis was re-engineered to incorporate sequence elements that are thought to be essential for recruitment of Rubisco to the pyrenoid, namely the algal Rubisco small subunit (SSU, encoded by rbcS) or only the surface-exposed algal SSU α-helices. Leaves of Arabidopsis rbcs mutants expressing 'pyrenoid-competent' chimeric Arabidopsis SSUs containing the SSU α-helices from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can form hybrid Rubisco complexes with catalytic properties similar to those of native Rubisco, suggesting that the α-helices are catalytically neutral. The growth and photosynthetic performance of complemented Arabidopsis rbcs mutants producing near wild-type levels of the hybrid Rubisco were similar to those of wild-type controls. Arabidopsis rbcs mutants expressing a Chlamydomonas SSU differed from wild-type plants with respect to Rubisco catalysis, photosynthesis and growth. This confirms a role for the SSU in influencing Rubisco catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Atkinson
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3BFUK
| | - Nuno Leitão
- Department of Metabolic BiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| | - Douglas J. Orr
- Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YQUK
| | - Moritz T. Meyer
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | | | - Howard Griffiths
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Alison M. Smith
- Department of Metabolic BiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| | - Alistair J. McCormick
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3BFUK
- Department of Metabolic BiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
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13
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Ding S, Jiang R, Lu Q, Wen X, Lu C. Glutathione reductase 2 maintains the function of photosystem II in Arabidopsis under excess light. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:665-77. [PMID: 26906429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione reductase plays a crucial role in the elimination of H(2)O(2) molecules via the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. In this study, we used transgenic Arabidopsis plants with decreased glutathione reductase 2 (GR2) levels to investigate whether this GR2 activity protects the photosynthetic machinery under excess light. The transgenic plants were highly sensitive to excess light and accumulated high levels of H(2)O(2). Photosystem II (PSII) activity was significantly decreased in transgenic plants. Flash-induced fluorescence relaxation and thermoluminescence measurements demonstrated inhibition of electron transfer between Q(A) and Q(B) and decreased redox potential of Q(B) in transgenic plants. Immunoblot and blue native gel analysis showed that the levels of PSII proteins and PSII complexes were decreased in transgenic plants. Analyses of the repair of photodamaged PSII and in vivo pulse labeling of thylakoid proteins showed that the repair of photodamaged PSII is inhibited due to the inhibition of the synthesis of the D1 protein de novo in transgenic plants. Taken together, our results suggest that under excess light conditions, GR2 plays an important role in maintaining both the function of the acceptor side of PSII and the repair of photodamaged PSII by preventing the accumulation of H(2)O(2). In addition, our results provide details of the role of H(2)O(2) in vivo accumulation in photoinhibition in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Ding
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingtao Lu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiaogang Wen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Congming Lu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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14
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Zhao H, Ye L, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yang J, Wang J, Cao K, Zou Z. Melatonin Increases the Chilling Tolerance of Chloroplast in Cucumber Seedlings by Regulating Photosynthetic Electron Flux and the Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016. [PMID: 27999581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01814.ecollection] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to monitor the effects of exogenous melatonin on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) chloroplasts and explore the mechanisms through which it mitigates chilling stress. Under chilling stress, chloroplast structure was seriously damaged as a result of over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by the high levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, pretreatment with 200 μM melatonin effectively mitigated this by suppressing the levels of ROS in chloroplasts. On the one hand, melatonin enhanced the scavenging ability of ROS by stimulating the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle in chloroplasts. The application of melatonin led to high levels of AsA and GSH, and increased the activity of total superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4) dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.5.5.1), glutathione reductase (GR, EC1.6.4.2) in the AsA-GSH cycle. On the other hand, melatonin lessened the production of ROS in chloroplasts by balancing the distribution of photosynthetic electron flux. Melatonin helped maintain a high level of electron flux in the PCR cycle [ Je (PCR)] and in the PCO cycle [ Je (PCO)], and suppressed the O2-dependent alternative electron flux Ja (O2-dependent) which is one important ROS source. Results indicate that melatonin increased the chilling tolerance of chloroplast in cucumber seedlings by accelerating the AsA-GSH cycle to enhance ROS scavenging ability and by balancing the distribution of photosynthetic electron flux so as to suppress ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Lin Ye
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China; College of Agricultural, Ningxia University, YinchuanNingxia, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Garden Engineering, Gansu Agriculture Technology College Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Kai Cao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Zhirong Zou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
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15
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Zhao H, Ye L, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yang J, Wang J, Cao K, Zou Z. Melatonin Increases the Chilling Tolerance of Chloroplast in Cucumber Seedlings by Regulating Photosynthetic Electron Flux and the Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1814. [PMID: 27999581 PMCID: PMC5138187 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to monitor the effects of exogenous melatonin on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) chloroplasts and explore the mechanisms through which it mitigates chilling stress. Under chilling stress, chloroplast structure was seriously damaged as a result of over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by the high levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, pretreatment with 200 μM melatonin effectively mitigated this by suppressing the levels of ROS in chloroplasts. On the one hand, melatonin enhanced the scavenging ability of ROS by stimulating the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle in chloroplasts. The application of melatonin led to high levels of AsA and GSH, and increased the activity of total superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4) dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.5.5.1), glutathione reductase (GR, EC1.6.4.2) in the AsA-GSH cycle. On the other hand, melatonin lessened the production of ROS in chloroplasts by balancing the distribution of photosynthetic electron flux. Melatonin helped maintain a high level of electron flux in the PCR cycle [ Je (PCR)] and in the PCO cycle [ Je (PCO)], and suppressed the O2-dependent alternative electron flux Ja (O2-dependent) which is one important ROS source. Results indicate that melatonin increased the chilling tolerance of chloroplast in cucumber seedlings by accelerating the AsA-GSH cycle to enhance ROS scavenging ability and by balancing the distribution of photosynthetic electron flux so as to suppress ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Lin Ye
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
- College of Agricultural, Ningxia University, YinchuanNingxia, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Garden Engineering, Gansu Agriculture Technology CollegeLanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Kai Cao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
| | - Zhirong Zou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasYangling, China
- *Correspondence: Zhirong Zou,
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16
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Wu Q, Chen Z, Sun W, Deng T, Chen M. De novo Sequencing of the Leaf Transcriptome Reveals Complex Light-Responsive Regulatory Networks in Camellia sinensis cv. Baijiguan. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:332. [PMID: 27047513 PMCID: PMC4801010 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.) possess high genetic diversity that is important for breeding. One cultivar, Baijiguan, exhibits a yellow leaf phenotype, reduced chlorophyll (Chl) content, and aberrant chloroplast structures under high light intensity. In contrast, under low light intensity, the flush shoot from Baijiguan becomes green, the Chl content increases significantly, and the chloroplasts exhibit normal structures. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms for these observations, we performed de novo transcriptome sequencing and digital gene expression (DGE) profiling using Illumina sequencing technology. De novo transcriptome assembly identified 88,788 unigenes, including 1652 transcription factors from 25 families. In total, 1993 and 2576 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in Baijiguan plants treated with 3 and 6 days of shade, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the DEGs are predominantly involved in the ROS scavenging system, chloroplast development, photosynthetic pigment synthesis, secondary metabolism, and circadian systems. The light-responsive gene POR (protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase) and transcription factor HY5 were identified. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of 20 selected DEGs confirmed the RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) results. Overall, these findings suggest that high light intensity inhibits the expression of photosystem II 10-kDa protein (PsbR) in Baijiguan, thus affecting PSII stability, chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanjin Wu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Zhidan Chen
- Department of Tea Science, Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Weijiang Sun
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- Department of Tea Science, Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weijiang Sun
| | - Tingting Deng
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
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