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Cui M, Wu H, Zhang H, Wei L, Qi X. Associations of dietary iron intake with cardiovascular disease risk and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:67. [PMID: 38431652 PMCID: PMC10908143 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether iron intake can affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dyslipidemia is controversial. However, few studies have focused on reducing the risk of CVD in people at risk for dyslipidemia. This study explored the linear relationship and possible nonlinear relationship between CVD and dyslipidemia. METHODS Dietary data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 2004 and 2015. The survey included 8173 participants older than 18 years. CVD risk was estimated by the Framingham risk score (FRS). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether iron intake affects CVD incidence and lipid profiles. The nonlinear association was tested with restricted cubic splines (RCSs). RESULTS For males, higher total iron intake [the fifth quintile (Q) vs. Q1 odds ratio (OR): 0.335, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.248-0.453], heme iron intake (OR: 0.679, 95% CI: 0.492-0.937) and non-heme iron intake (OR: 0.362, 95% CI: 0.266-0.492) reduced CVD incidence. Heme iron intake increased high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR: 1.786, 95% CI: 1.226-2.602), high total cholesterol (TC) (OR: 2.404, 95% CI: 1.575-3.669), high triglyceride (TG) (OR: 1.895, 95% CI: 1.423-2.523), and low apolipoprotein A1/apolipoprotein B (ApoA-1/ApoB) risk (OR: 1.514, 95% CI: 1.178-1.945). Moderate non-heme iron intake reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) incidence (Q5 vs. Q1 OR: 0.704, 95% CI: 0.507-0.979). For females, higher total iron intake (Q5 vs. Q1 OR: 0.362, 95% CI: 0.266-0.492) and non-heme iron intake (OR: 0.347, 95% CI: 0.154-0.781) reduced CVD incidence. Heme iron intake increased high LDL-C (OR: 1.587, 95% CI: 1.160-2.170) and high TC incidence (OR: 1.655, 95% CI: 1.187-2.309). CONCLUSIONS Men, especially those at risk of developing dyslipidemia, should consume non-heme rather than heme iron to reduce CVD incidence. For women, increased heme iron intake did not reduce CVD incidence. Therefore, women should minimize their heme iron intake to prevent dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanmo Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.
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Hirsch C, Roberts L, Salisbury J, Denney-Wilson E, Henry A, Gow M. The Association between Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Cardiometabolic Health at 6 Months following a Hypertensive Pregnancy: A BP 2 Sub-Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3294. [PMID: 37571231 PMCID: PMC10421276 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) complicate 5-10% of pregnancies, with resultant lifelong increased risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to describe lifestyle behaviours at 6 months post-HDP in four HDP subgroups, and their association with markers of cardiometabolic health. Subgroups were chronic hypertension (CH), gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia, and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension (CH + PE). The BP2 study is a multi-site, three-arm, randomised controlled trial. At 6 months postpartum, the NSW Population Health Survey and BP2 surveys collected lifestyle behaviours and demographic data. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood pressure (BP) were also assessed. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Spearman's correlation coefficients were used. Of 484 women (16% CH, 23% GH, 55% preeclampsia, and 6% CH + PE), 62% were overweight or obese. Only 6% met the recommended five vegetable and two fruit serves per day, and 43% did not meet the recommended 150 min of moderate-vigorous physical activity in five sessions per week. Adherence to both diet and physical activity recommendations was correlated with more favourable cardiometabolic outcomes, including lower BMI, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic BP. Lifestyle interventions that improve diet and physical activity post-HDP are needed to reduce BP, BMI, and long-term CVD in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Hirsch
- Discipline of Women’s Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (C.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Lynne Roberts
- Women’s and Children’s Health, St. George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia;
- St. George and Sutherland Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Elizabeth Denney-Wilson
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Amanda Henry
- Discipline of Women’s Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (C.H.); (A.H.)
- Women’s and Children’s Health, St. George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia;
- St. George and Sutherland Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Megan Gow
- Women’s and Children’s Health, St. George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia;
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Rezende-Alves K, Hermsdorff HHM, Miranda AEDS, Bressan J, Mendonça RDD, de Oliveira FLP, Pimenta AM. Effects of minimally and ultra-processed foods on blood pressure in Brazilian adults: a two-year follow up of the CUME Project. J Hypertens 2023; 41:122-131. [PMID: 36453655 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the association of food consumption according to degree of processing with changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in adult participants of a Brazilian cohort. METHODS Longitudinal study with 2496 adult participants of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Project). Food consumption was categorized by food groups according to degree of processing following the NOVA grading system: unprocessed/minimally processed foods/culinary ingredients (U/MPF&CI), processed foods (PFs) and ultra-processed foods (UPFs). unprocessed/minimally processed foods/culinary ingredients (U/MPF&CI), processed foods (PFs) and ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Changes in SBP and DBP were categorized (decreased, maintained, increased). Independent associations between exposure and outcomes were verified using multiple generalized ordered logistic models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS After a two-year follow-up, the consumption of U/MPF&CI (% daily caloric intake) reduced the chance of increasing DBP (P for trend = 0.014), with a more evident effect among participants within the 5th quintile of this food group (odds ratio (OR) = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34-0.97]. On the other hand, the consumption of UPFs (% daily caloric intake) raised the chance of increasing DBP (P for trend = 0.005) and was more evident among participants within the quintiles of higher consumption (4th quintile - OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.25-3.10; 5th quintile - OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.12-2.86). No associations were found between food consumption according to degree of processing and changes in SBP. CONCLUSION Higher consumption of U/MPF&CI and UPFs were independently associated to lower and greater chances of increased DBP in adult participants from CUME Project.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil
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Khor BH, Komnenov D, Rossi NF. Impact of Dietary Fructose and High Salt Diet: Are Preclinical Studies Relevant to Asian Societies? Nutrients 2022; 14:2515. [PMID: 35745245 PMCID: PMC9227020 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructose consumption, especially in food additives and sugar-sweetened beverages, has gained increasing attention due to its potential association with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The relationship between fructose and a high-salt diet, leading to hypertension and other deleterious cardiovascular parameters, has also become more evident, especially in preclinical studies. However, these studies have been modeled primarily on Western diets. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the dietary habits of individuals from China, Japan, and Korea, in light of the existing preclinical studies, to assess the potential relevance of existing data to East Asian societies. This review is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to highlight the similarities and differences that should be considered in future preclinical, clinical, and epidemiologic studies regarding the impact of dietary fructose and salt on blood pressure and cardiovascular health worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Hock Khor
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia;
| | - Dragana Komnenov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Noreen F. Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Division of Research, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI 38201, USA
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Xu D, Wang S, Feng M, Shete V, Chu Y, Kamil A, Yang C, Liu H, Xia H, Wang X, Sun G, Yang Y. Serum Metabolomics Reveals Underlying Mechanisms of Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Oat Consumption: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Population. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001059. [PMID: 33793078 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of oat supplementation on serum lipid in a population of adults with mild hypercholesterolemia and reveal the underlying mechanisms with serum untargeted metabolomics. METHODS AND RESULTS In this placebo-controlled trial, 62 participants from Nanjing, China, with mild elevations in cholesterol are randomly assigned to receive 80 g oats (containing 3 g beta-glucan) or rice daily for 45 days. Fasting blood samples are collected at the beginning, middle, and end of the trial. Compared with the rice group, oat consumption significantly decreases serum total cholesterol (TC) (-8.41%, p = 0.005), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (-13.93%, p = 0.001), and non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) (-10.93%, p = 0.017) levels. There are no significant between-group differences in serum triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), glycated albumin, or fasting blood glucose levels. An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) suggests a clear separation in metabolic profiles between the groups after the intervention. Twenty-one metabolites in the oat group are significantly different from those in the rice group, among which 14 metabolites show a decreased trend. In comparison, seven metabolites show an increased trend. Correlations analysis from both groups indicate that most metabolites [e.g., sphinganine and phosphatidylcholine (PC)(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/20:1(11Z))] have positive correlations with serum cholesterol levels. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway analysis suggests that oat consumption regulated glycerophospholipid, alanine, aspartate and glutamate, sphingolipid, and retinol metabolism. CONCLUSION Oat consumption has beneficial effects on serum lipids profiles. The underlying mechanisms involve glycerophospholipid, alanine, aspartate and glutamate, sphingolipid, and retinol metabolism in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hechun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing, 100000, P.R. China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yuexin Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100000, P.R. China
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Food processing and risk of hypertension: Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais, Brazil (CUME Project). Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:4071-4079. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:To analyse the association between food consumption according to the degree of processing and incidence of hypertension in CUME project participants.Design:Longitudinal study in which food consumption was evaluated according to the percentage contribution of daily energetic intake (%/d) of each NOVA classification group (unprocessed/minimally processed foods and culinary preparations (U/MPF&CP); processed foods and ultra-processed foods (UPF)). Hypertension was defined according to American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) criteria. Adjusted relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95 % CI) were estimated by Poisson regression models with robust variances.Setting:Brazil.Participants:1221 graduates classified as non-hypertensive at baseline and monitored for 2 years.Results:Daily energetic percentage from each group according to degree of processing was 64·3 (sd 12) % for U/MPF&CP; 9·9 (sd 5·8) % for processed foods and 25·8 (sd 11) % for UPF. Incidence of hypertension was high (152/1000 person-years; n 113, 193/1000 person-years in males and n 257, 138/1000 person-years in females). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the upper quintile of daily energetic intake of U/MPF&CP presented a reduced risk of hypertension (RR: 0·72; 95 % CI 0·52, 0·98), while those in the upper quintile of daily energetic intake of UPF presented an increased risk of the outcome (RR: 1·35; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·81).Conclusions:In this prospective cohort of Brazilian middle-aged adult university graduates, the highest consumptions of U/MPF&CP and UPF were associated with, respectively, reduced and increased risk of hypertension. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Wu X, Zhu B, Xu S, Bi Y, Liu Y, Shi J. A cross country comparison for the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to tobacco exposure in China, Japan, USA and world. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:888. [PMID: 32513150 PMCID: PMC7282071 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco exposure (TE) is the major contributor for CVD mortality, but few published studies on CVD mortality attributable to TE have analyzed the potential reasons underlying long-term trends in China. Our studysought to find the potential reasons and compared CVD mortality attributable to TE in China, Japan, the United States of America (USA), and the world between 1990 and 2017. METHODS The mortality data in China, Japan, the USA, and the world were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2017(GBD 2017). Joinpoint regression was used to assess the trend magnitude and directions over time for CVD mortality, while the age-period-cohort method was used to analyzethe temporal trends of CVD mortality according to age, period, and cohort. RESULTS A significant downward trend was found in the age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) of CVD attributable to smoking in four regions. China had the smallest decline and the Chinese ASMR became the highest in 2017. All the annual net drifts in the four regions were negative and the local drifts were below zero. The longitudinal age curves of CVD mortality attributable to smoking increased in four regions,with China having the largest increase. The period or cohort RRs indicated a decline, and China had the smallest decline. The researchers further analyzed the IHD and stroke trends, finding that the morality and period or cohort RR of IHD in China was always at a high level. CONCLUSIONS CVD mortality attributable to TE declined in four regions, and was highest in China. The proportion of IHD mortality attributable to TE was similar to stroke, which significantly changed the traditional cognition of CVD composition, but the control measure was not sufficient for IHD in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001 LiaoningProvince China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University/Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Library of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yifei Bi
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Yong Liu
- Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jingpu Shi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001 LiaoningProvince China
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Finn K, Jacquier E, Kineman B, Storm H, Carvalho R. Nutrient intakes and sources of fiber among children with low and high dietary fiber intake: the 2016 feeding infants and toddlers study (FITS), a cross-sectional survey. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:446. [PMID: 31739781 PMCID: PMC6859612 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing dietary fiber intake in children may improve overall diet quality. The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes and sources of fiber between young children with low and high fiber intakes utilizing data from the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) 2016. METHODS The FITS 2016 was a nationwide, cross sectional survey of caregivers designed to assess food and nutrient intakes, feeding behaviors, and dietary patterns among infants and young children living in the U.S. Energy adjusted macro and micronutrient intakes (nutrients/1000 kcals) of children with energy adjusted fiber intakes (g/1000 kcals) in the highest quartile were compared to those in the lowest quartile with paired t-tests. Sources of fiber for each quartile were ranked according to percent of total fiber intake. RESULTS Children with fiber intakes in the highest quartile had significantly lower intakes of total fat (mean difference ranged from 7.4-9.6 g, p < 0.0005) and saturated fat (mean difference ranged from 4 to 5.8 g, p < 0.0005), and significantly higher intakes of vitamin B-6 (mean difference ranged from 0.3-0.4 mg, p < 0.0005), magnesium (mean difference ranged from 57.2-61.8 mg, p < 0.0005), iron (mean difference ranged from 2.2-3.7 mg, p < 0.0005), and potassium (mean difference ranged from 318.2 mg to 446.1 mg, p < 0.0005) compared to children in the lowest quartile across all age groups. Children in the highest quartile had higher intakes of nut butters, legumes, fruits, and vegetables and consumed a greater percentage of grains as whole grains than those in the lowest quartile. CONCLUSION Encouraging intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nut butters, and at least 75% of grains as whole grains may help young children improve dietary fiber intake and overall diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Finn
- Nestlé Nutrition, 1812 N Moore St, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA
| | - Emma Jacquier
- Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brian Kineman
- Nestlé Nutrition, 1812 N Moore St, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA
| | - Heidi Storm
- Nestlé Nutrition, 1812 N Moore St, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA
| | - Ryan Carvalho
- Nestlé Nutrition, Rue d'Entre-deux-Villes 10, 1814, La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland.
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Yoshida D, Ohara T, Hata J, Shibata M, Hirakawa Y, Honda T, Uchida K, Takasugi S, Kitazono T, Kiyohara Y, Ninomiya T. Dairy consumption and risk of functional disability in an elderly Japanese population: the Hisayama Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:1664-1671. [PMID: 31075788 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between dairy intake and risk of functional disability in the elderly. OBJECTIVES We examined the influence of dairy intake on the development of declining functional capacity and activities of daily living (ADL) in a prospective cohort study of an elderly population. METHODS A total of 859 community-dwelling Japanese residents, aged ≥65 y without functional disability, were followed up for 7 y. Functional capacity impairment was defined as a Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence score of ≤12, and ADL disability was defined as a Barthel Index score of ≤95. Dairy intake was evaluated using a 150-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, grouped into quartiles. The RR of dairy intake on incident functional disability was computed using a Poisson regression model. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted RR of impaired functional capacity decreased significantly with increasing dairy intake levels (RR [95% CI]: quartile 1, 1.00 [reference]; quartile 2, 0.85 [0.71, 1.02]; quartile 3, 0.81 [0.68, 0.98]; and quartile 4, 0.74 [0.61, 0.90]; P-trend = 0.001). Regarding the three subscales of functional capacity, the inverse association between dairy intake and risk for impairment of intellectual activity and social role remained significant (P-trend = 0.0009 and 0.02, respectively), but such an association was not observed for instrumental ADL. The multivariable-adjusted risk of ADL disability also decreased weakly but significantly with elevating dairy intake (P-trend = 0.04). A similar association was seen for severity of functional disability (P-trend = 0.002). However, the magnitude of these associations was attenuated after further adjustment for protein intake. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that higher dairy intake is associated with a lower risk of functional disability and its progression in the elderly, probably via an increase in protein intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Uchida
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura-Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kiyohara
- Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases, Fukuoka, Japan
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Dragan S, Buleu F, Christodorescu R, Cobzariu F, Iurciuc S, Velimirovici D, Xiao J, Luca CT. Benefits of multiple micronutrient supplementation in heart failure: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:965-981. [PMID: 30507249 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1540398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple micronutrient supplementation has been suggested to have a role on health outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF), but the evidence is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of multiple micronutrient supplementation in heart failure we performed a comprehensive review of the literature. METHODS AND RESULTS The search in databases included PUBMED (until June 2018) to detect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyzes that investigated the impact of micronutrient supplementation in HF. RESULTS With more than 2357 titles and abstracts reviewed, we included only the studies suitable for the final review. Whether alone or in combination, micronutrients have been found to improve the health outcomes of patients with HF by improving symptoms, work capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), thus increasing the quality of life in these patients. CONCLUSION Future studies are needed to document the effects of multiple micronutrient associations in order to include them in nutritional guidelines to increase survival and to improve quality of life in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Dragan
- a Department of Cardiology, Discipline of Preventive Cardiology , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
| | - Florina Buleu
- a Department of Cardiology, Discipline of Preventive Cardiology , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
| | - Ruxandra Christodorescu
- b Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Medical Semiology II , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
| | - Florin Cobzariu
- a Department of Cardiology, Discipline of Preventive Cardiology , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
| | - Stela Iurciuc
- a Department of Cardiology, Discipline of Preventive Cardiology , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
| | - Dana Velimirovici
- a Department of Cardiology, Discipline of Preventive Cardiology , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Taipa , China
| | - Constantin Tudor Luca
- d Department of Cardiology, Discipline of Cardiology II , "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timisoara , Romania
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Mendonça RDD, Lopes ACS, Pimenta AM, Gea A, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Bes-Rastrollo M. Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and the Incidence of Hypertension in a Mediterranean Cohort: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra Project. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:358-366. [PMID: 27927627 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpw137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some available evidence suggests that high consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is associated with a higher risk of obesity. Collectively, this association and the nutritional characteristics of UPFs suggest that UPFs might also be associated with hypertension. METHODS We prospectively evaluated the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of hypertension in a prospective Spanish cohort, the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra project. We included 14,790 Spanish adult university graduates who were initially free of hypertension at baseline who were followed for a mean of 9.1 years (SD, 3.9 years; total person-years: 134,784). UPF (industrial formulations of chemical compounds which, beyond substances of common culinary use such as salt, sugar, oils, and fats, include substances also derived from foods but not used in culinary preparations) consumption was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension incidence. RESULTS During follow-up, 1,702 incident cases of hypertension were identified. Participants in the highest tertile of UPF consumption had a higher risk of developing hypertension (adjusted HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.37; P for trend = 0.004) than those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective cohort of Spanish middle-aged adult university graduates, a positive association between UPF consumption and hypertension risk was observed. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Departament of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Marçal Pimenta
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Orange Pomace Improves Postprandial Glycemic Responses: An Acute, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Crossover Trial in Overweight Men. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9020130. [PMID: 28208806 PMCID: PMC5331561 DOI: 10.3390/nu9020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Orange pomace (OP), a fiber-rich byproduct of juice production, has the potential for being formulated into a variety of food products. We hypothesized that OP would diminish postprandial glycemic responses to a high carbohydrate/fat breakfast and lunch. We conducted an acute, randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind, crossover trial with 34 overweight men who consumed either a 255 g placebo (PLA), a low (35% OP (LOP)), or a high (77% (HOP)) dose OP beverage with breakfast. Blood was collected at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 min and at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, and 8 h. Lunch was consumed after the 5.5-h blood draw. OP delayed the time (Tmax1) to the maximum concentration (Cmax1) of serum glucose during the 2-h period post breakfast by ≥36% from 33 (PLA) to 45 (HOP) and 47 (LOP) min (p = 0.055 and 0.013, respectively). OP decreased post-breakfast insulin Cmax1 by ≥10% and LOP delayed the Tmax1 by 14 min, compared to PLA at 46 min (p ≤ 0.05). HOP reduced the first 2-h insulin area under concentration time curve (AUC) by 23% compared to PLA. Thus, OP diminishes postprandial glycemic responses to a high carbohydrate/fat breakfast and the second meal in overweight men.
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The limitations of opportunistic epidemiology, pseudopod epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol 2016; 31:957-966. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-016-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ma SJ, Liang XH, Yang T, Xu JP, Tang Y, Liu YX, Chen J. [Association between development of hypertension and nutrition in school-age children in Fengdu County of Chongqing, China]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2016; 18:639-44. [PMID: 27412549 PMCID: PMC7388994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the development of hypertension and nutrition in school-age children in Fengdu County of Chongqing, China. METHODS A total of 8 033 children from 2 public primary schools in Fengdu County of Chongqing, whose registered residence was in the subdistricts where the two schools were located, were selected as study subjects using cluster random sampling. Body height, body weight, and blood pressure were measured, and the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary survey. The association between body mass index (BMI), dietary nutrients, and the development of hypertension in children was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 7 538 children were enrolled for analysis. The detection rates of obesity, overweight, and hypertension were 9.11%, 12.27%, and 11.83% respectively. In children with obesity and overweight, the detection rate of hypertension was 33.62% and 17.84% respectively, 4.02 and 2.13 times that in normal children. The multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis revealed that increased intake of calcium and sodium increased the risk of hypertension (OR=1.003 and 1.002 respectively), while the increased iron intake and calcium intake per unit body weight reduced the risk of hypertension (OR=0.979 and 0.926 respectively). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hypertension and obesity in school-age children in Fengdu County of Chongqing is high. BMI and dietary nutrients are closely associated with the development of hypertension in children. Active control of body weight, adjustment of dietary structure, and limitation of sodium intake should be adopted to reduce the development of hypertension in school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Juan Ma
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Li Z, Bai Y, Guo X, Zheng L, Sun Y, Roselle AM. Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular diseases in rural China. Int J Cardiol 2016; 215:257-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ma SJ, Liang XH, Yang T, Xu JP, Tang Y, Liu YX, Chen J. [Association between development of hypertension and nutrition in school-age children in Fengdu County of Chongqing, China]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2016; 18:639-644. [PMID: 27412549 PMCID: PMC7388994 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the development of hypertension and nutrition in school-age children in Fengdu County of Chongqing, China. METHODS A total of 8 033 children from 2 public primary schools in Fengdu County of Chongqing, whose registered residence was in the subdistricts where the two schools were located, were selected as study subjects using cluster random sampling. Body height, body weight, and blood pressure were measured, and the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary survey. The association between body mass index (BMI), dietary nutrients, and the development of hypertension in children was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 7 538 children were enrolled for analysis. The detection rates of obesity, overweight, and hypertension were 9.11%, 12.27%, and 11.83% respectively. In children with obesity and overweight, the detection rate of hypertension was 33.62% and 17.84% respectively, 4.02 and 2.13 times that in normal children. The multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis revealed that increased intake of calcium and sodium increased the risk of hypertension (OR=1.003 and 1.002 respectively), while the increased iron intake and calcium intake per unit body weight reduced the risk of hypertension (OR=0.979 and 0.926 respectively). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hypertension and obesity in school-age children in Fengdu County of Chongqing is high. BMI and dietary nutrients are closely associated with the development of hypertension in children. Active control of body weight, adjustment of dietary structure, and limitation of sodium intake should be adopted to reduce the development of hypertension in school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Juan Ma
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Shen KP, Hao CL, Yen HW, Chen CY, Chen JH, Chen FC, Lin HL. Pre-germinated brown rice prevented high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia through ameliorating lipid synthesis and metabolism in C57BL/6J mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 59:39-44. [PMID: 27499577 PMCID: PMC4933684 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.15-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) can ameliorate hyperlipidemia, but the action mechanism is not clear. We focus the mechanisms of PGBR prevented hyperlipidemia. Six-week-old mice were divided into: standard-regular diet (SRD), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD with PGBR (HFD + PGBR) groups for 16 weeks. The HFD group has higher concentrations of TG, TC, HDL and Non-HDL in the blood, and a higher atherosclerosis index (AI). The TG levels in the liver, and TG, bile acid levels in the feces were enhanced; and the total adipocytokines level in adipose tissue was reduced. The HFD group had higher protein expressions of SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, LDLR, and CYP7α1 in the liver. Moreover, the greater expressions of SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS and the less expressions of PPAR-α and adiponectin were in adipose tissue. In the HFD + PGBR group, the PGBR regulated the levels of TG, TC, HDL, Non-HDL, AI and adipocytokines. PGBR increased more cholesterol and bile acid exhaust in feces. The SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, HMGCR, LDLR, CYP7α1 and PPAR-α proteins in the liver; and the SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, PPAR-α and adiponectin proteins in adipose tissue were reversed by PGBR. Taken together, PGBR can improve lipid synthesis and metabolism, and we suggest PGBR is a recommendable food for controlling hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ping Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Long Hao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90053, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Yen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- MS program for Applied Health and Biotechnology, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hao Chen
- MS program for Applied Health and Biotechnology, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Li Lin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
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Kitaoka K, Kitade A, Nagaoka J, Tsuzaki K, Harada K, Aoi W, Wada S, Asano H, Sakane N, Higashi A. Lifestyle intervention might easily improve blood pressure in hypertensive men with the C genotype of angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:385-92. [PMID: 26244077 PMCID: PMC4523482 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.4.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Recent studies have reported an association of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) 3123Cytosine/Adenine (3123C/A) polymorphism with essential hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism affects blood pressure for free-living hypertensive men during a 5-month intervention period. SUBJECTS/METHODS The subjects were free-living hypertensive Japanese men aged 40 to 75 years who agreed to intervention in the period from 2004 to 2011. Detection of the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The dietary intervention was designed to decrease salt level and to increase potassium level through cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet. The exercise session consisted of activities such as stretching, resistance training, and walking. Blood pressure, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, dietary and lifestyle data, and non-fasting venous blood sample were collected at baseline and after the intervention period. RESULTS Thirty nine subjects were eligible for participation and the follow-up rate was 97.4%. The C allele proportion was 57.9%. AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was X-chromosome-linked, therefore we analyzed the C and A genotypes. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the genotype groups. After the intervention, there were no significant differences in lifestyle habit between the groups. Nevertheless, the estimated salt excretion (g/day) was significantly decreased only in the C genotype (13.0-10.3, P = 0.031). No significant change was observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mmHg) in the A genotype, but a significant decrease was observed in the C genotype (150.0-141.5, P = 0.024). CONCLUSTIONS In the C genotype, it might be easy to improve SBP through lifestyle intervention in free-living hypertensive Japanese men, however generalization could not be achieved by the small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kitaoka
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Koka Women's University, 38 Kadono-cho, Nishikyogoku, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-0882, Japan. ; Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Azusa Kitade
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Nagaoka
- Health Promotion Division, Higashiosaka City Public Health Office, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Tsuzaki
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Diabetes Education, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Harada
- School of Nursing, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Aoi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sayori Wada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Asano
- School of Nursing, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Sakane
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Diabetes Education, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akane Higashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: High blood pressure is a major rick factor for cardiovascular disease, and it is closely associated with salt intake. Schools are considered ideal environments to promote health and proper eating habits. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of salt in meals served in school canteens and consumers' perceptions about salt. METHODS: Meals, including all the components (bread, soup, and main dish) were retrieved from school canteens. Salt was quantified by a portable salt meter. For food perception we constructed a questionnaire that was administered to high school students. RESULTS: A total of 798 food samples were analysed. Bread had the highest salt content with a mean of 1.35 g/100 g (SD=0.12). Salt in soups ranged from 0.72 g/100 g to 0.80 g/100 g (p=0.05) and, in main courses, from 0.71 g/100 to 0.97 g/100g (p=0.05). The salt content of school meals is high with a mean value of 2.83 to 3.82 g of salt per meal. Moreover, a high percentage of students consider meals neither salty nor bland, which shows they are used to the intensity/amount of salt consumed. CONCLUSION: The salt content of school meals is high, ranging from 2 to 5 times more than the Recommended Dietary Allowances for children, clearly exceeding the needs for this population, which may pose a health risk. Healthy choices are only possible in environments where such choices are possible. Therefore, salt reduction strategies aimed at the food industry and catering services should be implemented, with children and young people targeted as a major priority.
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Rodríguez-Campello A, Jiménez-Conde J, Ois Á, Cuadrado-Godia E, Giralt-Steinhauer E, Schroeder H, Romeral G, Llop M, Soriano-Tárraga C, Garralda-Anaya M, Roquer J. Dietary habits in patients with ischemic stroke: a case-control study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114716. [PMID: 25506934 PMCID: PMC4266513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Diet appears to have some role in stroke development. The objective of our study was to describe the dietary habits in patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke and compare selected dietary components with healthy controls. Adherence to healthy diet behaviors was also assessed. Methods A case-control study of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Neurology Department of Hospital del Mar from 2007 to 2010. Patients were matched by age and sex with control subjects. A previously validated nutritional survey was administered to patients and controls. Demographic data, vascular risk factors, caloric intake and dietary nutrients were evaluated. Intention to follow a healthy diet was also assessed in both groups. Results A total of 300 acute ischemic stroke patients and 300 controls with evaluation of dietary habits. No differences were observed in vascular risk factors, except smoking habit, diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Stroke patients reported a higher caloric intake: 2444.8(1736.8–3244.5) vs 2208.7(1753.1–2860.7) Kcal, p = 0.001. After adjusting for energy intake, patients had higher intake of proteins (p<0.001; OR 1.02), total cholesterol (p = 0.001; OR 1.04), and breaded foods (p = 0.001; OR 1.94) and lower consumption of probiotic yogurt (p = 0.002; OR 0.88). Compared to patients, control participants indicated greater intention to eat vegetables (p = 0.002; OR 1.5) and whole foods (p = 0.000; OR 2.4) and reduce their intake of salt (p = 0.002; OR 1.7), fat (p = 0.000; OR 3.7) and sweets (p = 0.004; OR 1.7) than patients. Conclusion We observed different dietary patterns between stroke patients and controls. Stroke patients have a higher caloric intake and are less concerned about maintaining healthy nutritional habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodríguez-Campello
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Jordi Jiménez-Conde
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Ois
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Cuadrado-Godia
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- DCEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Giralt-Steinhauer
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helmut Schroeder
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN-ULEC), Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain, CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Romeral
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Llop
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Soriano-Tárraga
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Garralda-Anaya
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Roquer
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
- DCEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Translation and validation of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension for koreans intervention: culturally tailored dietary guidelines for Korean Americans with high blood pressure. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2014; 28:514-23. [PMID: 22964589 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0b013e318262c0c1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle modification strategies such as adoption of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet are now recognized as an integral part of high blood pressure (HBP) management. Although the high prevalence of HBP among Korean Americans (KAs) is well documented, few dietary interventions have been implemented in this population, in part because of a lack of culturally relevant nutrition education guidelines. Translating and testing the efficacy of culturally relevant dietary recommendations using a well-established dietary guideline such as DASH are imperative for promoting better cardiovascular health for this high-risk cultural group. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to systematically translate and validate a culturally modified DASH for Koreans (K-DASH) and obtain preliminary evidence of efficacy. METHODS A 2-step approach of intervention translation and efficacy testing, together with close adherence to principles of community-based participatory research, was used to maximize community input. A 1-group pre-post design with 24-hour urine and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring comparisons was used to test the initial feasibility and efficacy of the K-DASH intervention. RESULTS A total of 28 KAs with HBP participated in a 10-week dietary intervention consisting of group education sessions and individual counseling. Both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, as measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, were significantly decreased at postintervention evaluation (systolic blood pressure, -4.5 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure, -2.6 mm Hg; P < .05). Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly decreased (-7.3 mg/dL; P < .05). Serum potassium and ascorbic acid levels were also improved in the reference range. Urine potassium level was significantly increased, supporting increased fruit and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSION This pilot study has (a) demonstrated that a cultural adaptation of DASH using community-based participatory research methodology produced a culturally relevant and efficacious dietary intervention for the KAs with HBP and (b) provided strong preliminary evidence for the efficacy of the K-DASH intervention in reducing HBP in hypertensive KAs.
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Gadgil MD, Anderson CAM, Kandula NR, Kanaya AM. Dietary patterns in Asian Indians in the United States: an analysis of the metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:238-243. [PMID: 24295929 PMCID: PMC3947024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dietary patterns contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Asian Indians have earlier onset, more severe, and more prevalent CVD than many other racial/ethnic groups. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Asian Indians living in the United States and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. One hundred fifty Asian Indians, aged 45 to 84 years, without known CVD, living in the San Francisco Bay, CA, area between August 2006 and October 2007 were enrolled into the Metabolic syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. A food frequency questionnaire validated in Asian Indians, fasting blood samples, and computed tomography scans were obtained for all participants. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine prevalent dietary patterns. Linear regression analyses were performed for associations between dietary patterns and metabolic factors, adjusting initially for age and sex, then additionally for BMI, income, education, metabolic equivalent of task-minutes of exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified that we termed "Western," and "Vegetarian." Compared with the Western diet, the Vegetarian diet was associated with lower homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (-1.12 mmol/L × mU/L; P=0.05) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4.77 mg/dL; P=0.09). Given that the Western and Vegetarian dietary patterns were each associated with adverse metabolic changes, healthful diet choices may help Asian Indians improve risk factors for CVD.
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Ilmonen J, Isolauri E, Laitinen K. Nutrition education and counselling practices in mother and child health clinics: study amongst nurses. J Clin Nurs 2012; 21:2985-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Foraker RE, Olivo-Marston SE, Allen NB. Lifestyle and Primordial Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Challenges and Opportunities. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-012-0265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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King DE, Mainous AG, Lambourne CA. Trends in dietary fiber intake in the United States, 1999-2008. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012; 112:642-8. [PMID: 22709768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intake of dietary fiber has been recommended for many years as part of the guidelines from the American Heart Association, the Institute of Medicine, and other groups. The recommended Adequate Intake for dietary fiber for adults is 25 to 38 g/day (14 g/1,000 kcal/day). OBJECTIVE To determine the average daily intake of dietary fiber among adults during the past decade and, specifically, to document progress toward national goals. DESIGN Cross-sectional weighted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey among adults aged 18 years and older. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Data were collected from noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 years and older using a nationally representative, complex, multistage, probability-based survey of people living in the United States that was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Daily dietary fiber intake by members of the US population based on 2-year groupings of the continuous survey from 1999 to 2008. RESULTS Mean daily dietary fiber intake for 1999-2000 was 15.6 g/day, for 2001-2002 intake was 16.1g/day, for 2003-2004 intake was 15.5 g/day, for 2005-2006 intake was 15.8 g/day, and for 2007-2008 intake was 15.9 g/day. Participants with obesity (body mass index ≥30) consistently reported lower fiber intake than did individuals with normal weight or overweight (14.6 to 15.4 g/day and 15.6 to 16.8 g/day, respectively; P<0.0001). Mexican Americans had significantly higher intake in 1999-2000 than non-Hispanic whites (18.0 vs 16.1g/day; P<0.05), but Mexican Americans' intake did not increase over time (17.7 g/day in 2007-2008). Non-Hispanic blacks had fiber intake of 12.5 g/day at baseline that increased modestly to 13.1 g/day by 2007-2008. CONCLUSIONS Daily fiber intake generally has not progressed toward national goals during the past decade, but there are some differences according to health and social factors. Additional clinical practice and public health strategies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana E King
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 295 Calhoun St, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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