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Choudhury SD, Kumar P, Choudhury D. Bioactive nutraceuticals as G4 stabilizers: potential cancer prevention and therapy-a critical review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3585-3616. [PMID: 38019298 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4) are non-canonical, four-stranded, nucleic acid secondary structures formed in the guanine-rich sequences, where guanine nucleotides associate with each other via Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding. These structures are widely found near the functional regions of the mammalian genome, such as telomeres, oncogenic promoters, and replication origins, and play crucial regulatory roles in replication and transcription. Destabilization of G4 by various carcinogenic agents allows oncogene overexpression and extension of telomeric ends resulting in dysregulation of cellular growth-promoting oncogenesis. Therefore, targeting and stabilizing these G4 structures with potential ligands could aid cancer prevention and therapy. The field of G-quadruplex targeting is relatively nascent, although many articles have demonstrated the effect of G4 stabilization on oncogenic expressions; however, no previous study has provided a comprehensive analysis about the potency of a wide variety of nutraceuticals and some of their derivatives in targeting G4 and the lattice of oncogenic cell signaling cascade affected by them. In this review, we have discussed bioactive G4-stabilizing nutraceuticals, their sources, mode of action, and their influence on cellular signaling, and we believe our insight would bring new light to the current status of the field and motivate researchers to explore this relatively poorly studied arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdi Datta Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Prateek Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- Centre for Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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2
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Zheng J, Haseeb A, Wang Z, Wang H. Network pharmacology, computational biology integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of ellagic acid against rotavirus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7548. [PMID: 38555283 PMCID: PMC10981743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The target and mechanism of ellagic acid (EA) against rotavirus (RV) were investigated by network pharmacology, computational biology, and surface plasmon resonance verification. The target of EA was obtained from 11 databases such as HIT and TCMSP, and RV-related targets were obtained from the Gene Cards database. The relevant targets were imported into the Venny platform to draw a Venn diagram, and their intersections were visualized. The protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were constructed using STRING, DAVID database, and Cytoscape software, and key targets were screened. The target was enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway, and the 'EA anti-RV target-pathway network' was constructed. Schrodinger Maestro 13.5 software was used for molecular docking to determine the binding free energy and binding mode of ellagic acid and target protein. The Desmond program was used for molecular dynamics simulation. Saturation mutagenesis analysis was performed using Schrodinger's Maestro 13.5 software. Finally, the affinity between ellagic acid and TLR4 protein was investigated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. The results of network pharmacological analysis showed that there were 35 intersection proteins, among which Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Albumin (ALB), Nuclear factor kappa-B1 (NF-κB1), Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Tumor protein p53 (TP53), Recombinant SMAD family member 3 (SAMD3), Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) were potential core targets of EA anti-RV. The GO analysis consists of biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC), and molecular functions (MF). The KEGG pathways with the highest gene count were mainly related to enteritis, cancer, IL-17 signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Based on the crystal structure of key targets, the complex structure models of TP53-EA, TLR4-EA, TNF-EA, IL-1β-EA, ALB-EA, NF-κB1-EA, SAMD3-EA, EGF-EA, and IL-4-EA were constructed by molecular docking (XP mode of flexible docking). The MMGBS analysis and molecular dynamics simulation were also studied. The Δaffinity of TP53 was highest in 220 (CYS → TRP), 220 (CYS → TYR), and 220 (CYS → PHE), respectively. The Δaffinity of TLR4 was highest in 136 (THR → TYR), 136 (THR → PHE), and 136 (THR → TRP). The Δaffinity of TNF-α was highest in 150 (VAL → TRP), 18 (ALA → GLU), and 144 (PHE → GLY). SPR results showed that ellagic acid could bind TLR4 protein specifically. TP53, TLR4, and TNF-α are potential targets for EA to exert anti-RV effects, which may ultimately provide theoretical basis and clues for EA to be used as anti-RV drugs by regulating TLR4/NF-κB related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Zheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Institute of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hejie Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Sang SH, Akowuah GA, Liew KB, Lee SK, Keng JW, Lee SK, Yon JAL, Tan CS, Chew YL. Natural alternatives from your garden for hair care: Revisiting the benefits of tropical herbs. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21876. [PMID: 38034771 PMCID: PMC10685248 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair shampoos containing botanical ingredients without synthetic additives, such as parabens, petrochemicals, sulfates and silicones are more skin- and environmentally friendly. In recent years, there is a growing demand for shampoo products with botanical extracts. Shampoos with botanical extracts are well-known for their perceived health benefits. They are also generally milder, non-toxic, natural, and less likely to disrupt the hair and scalp's natural pH and oil balance. Many also believe that shampoos with botanical origins have higher standards of quality. Numerous botanical extracts had been used as natural active ingredients in cosmetic formulations to meet consumer demands. In this review, we have revisited six tropical plants commonly added as natural active ingredients in shampoo formulations: Acacia concinna, Camellia oleifera, Azadirachta indica, Emblica officinalis, Sapindus mukorossi, and Garcinia mangostana. These plants have been traditionally used for hair care, and scientific research has shown that they exhibit relevant physicochemical properties and biological activities that are beneficial for hair care and scalp maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Huey Sang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Kai Bin Liew
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Keah Lee
- M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jing-Wen Keng
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sue-Kei Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jessica-Ai-Lyn Yon
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
| | - Yik-Ling Chew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hegde M, Girisa S, Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Mohan CD, Warrier S, Hui KM, Rangappa KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting nuclear receptors for effective cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:765-822. [PMID: 36482154 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of forty-eight transcription factors that modulate gene expression both spatially and temporally. Numerous biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, immune modulation, development, reproduction, and aging are extensively orchestrated by different NRs. The involvement of dysregulated NRs and NR-mediated signaling pathways in driving cancer cell hallmarks has been thoroughly investigated. Targeting NRs has been one of the major focuses of drug development strategies for cancer interventions. Interestingly, rapid progress in molecular biology and drug screening reveals that the naturally occurring compounds are promising modern oncology drugs which are free of potentially inevitable repercussions that are associated with synthetic compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to draw our attention to the potential therapeutic effects of various classes of natural compounds that target NRs such as phytochemicals, dietary components, venom constituents, royal jelly-derived compounds, and microbial derivatives in the establishment of novel and safe medications for cancer treatment. This review also emphasizes molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are leveraged to promote the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds. We have also critically reviewed and assessed the advantages and limitations of current preclinical and clinical studies on this subject for cancer prophylaxis. This might subsequently pave the way for new paradigms in the discovery of drugs that target specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Michael Atiyah Building, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Li J, Liao R, Zhang S, Weng H, Liu Y, Tao T, Yu F, Li G, Wu J. Promising remedies for cardiovascular disease: Natural polyphenol ellagic acid and its metabolite urolithins. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154867. [PMID: 37257327 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant worldwide factor contributing to human fatality and morbidity. With the increase of incidence rates, it is of concern that there is a lack of current therapeutic alternatives because of multiple side effects. Ellagic acid (EA), the natural polyphenol (C14H6O8), is abundant in pomegranates, berries, and nuts. EA and its intestinal microflora metabolite, urolithins, have recently attracted much attention as a potential novel "medicine" because of their wide pharmacological properties. PURPOSE This study aimed to critically analyze available literature to summarize the beneficial effects of EA and urolithins, and highlights their druggability and therapeutic potential in various CVDs. METHODS We systematically studied research and review articles between 1984 and 2022 available on various databases to obtain the data on EA and urolithins with no language restriction. Their cardiovascular protective activities, underlying mechanism, and druggability were highlighted and discussed comprehensively. RESULTS We found that EA and urolithins may exert preventive and curative effects on CVD with negligible side effects and possibly regulate lipid metabolism imbalance, pro-inflammatory factor production, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, endothelial cell dysfunction, and Ca2+ intake and release. Potentially, this may lead to the prevention and amelioration of atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiotoxicities in vivo. Several molecules and signaling pathways are associated with their therapeutic actions, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, NF-κB, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2, sirtuin1, miRNA, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. CONCLUSION In vitro and in vivo studies shows that EA and urolithins could be used as valid candidates for early prevention and effective therapeutic strategies for various CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Li
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruixue Liao
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shijia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Huimin Weng
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yuanzhi Liu
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Tianyi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengxu Yu
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jianming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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6
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Mohammadinejad A, Mohajeri T, Aleyaghoob G, Heidarian F, Kazemi Oskuee R. Ellagic acid as a potent anticancer drug: A comprehensive review on in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery studies. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2323-2356. [PMID: 34846078 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid as a polyphenol or micronutrient, which can be naturally found in different vegetables and fruits, has gained considerable attention for cancer therapy due to considerable biological activities and different molecular targets. Ellagic acid with low hydrolysis and lipophilic and hydrophobic nature is not able to be absorbed in circulation. So, accumulation inside the intestinal epithelial cells or metabolization to other urolithins leads to the limitation of direct evaluation of EA effects in clinical studies. This review focuses on the studies which supported anticancer activity of pure or fruit-extracted ellagic acid through in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery methods. The results demonstrate ellagic acid modulates the expression of various genes incorporated in the cancer-related process of apoptosis and proliferation, inflammation related-gens, and oxidative-related genes. Moreover, the ellagic acid formulation in carriers composed of lipid, silica, chitosan, iron- bovine serum albumin nanoparticles obviously enhanced the stable release and confident delivery with minimum loss. Also, in silico analysis proved that ellagic acid was able to be placed at a position of cocrystal ADP, in the deep cavity of the protein target, and tightly interact with binding pocket residues leading to suppression of substrate availability of protein and its activation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Mohammadinejad
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Taraneh Mohajeri
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Aleyaghoob
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidarian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Kazemi Oskuee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Yarmohammadi A, Narimani F, Wallace CE, Bishayee A. Modulation of TLR/NF-κB/NLRP Signaling by Bioactive Phytocompounds: A Promising Strategy to Augment Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:834072. [PMID: 35299751 PMCID: PMC8921560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.834072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling pathways involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and cancer immunotherapy. Reports indicate the critical role of the toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) pathway in cancer initiation, progression, and development. Therefore, targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling is a promising strategy to augment cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and to combat chemoresistance. Considering the potential of phytochemicals in the regulation of multiple dysregulated pathways during cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, such compounds could be suitable candidates against cancer chemoresistance. Objectives This is the first comprehensive and systematic review regarding the role of phytochemicals in the mitigation of chemoresistance by regulating the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods A comprehensive and systematic review was designed based on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to include papers on TLR/NF-κB/NLRP and chemotherapy/immunotherapy/chemoresistance by phytochemicals. Results Phytochemicals are promising multi-targeting candidates against the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway and interconnected mediators. Employing phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sulfur compounds could be a promising strategy for managing cancer chemoresistance through the modulation of the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals in cancer chemotherapy/immunotherapy are also highlighted. Conclusion Targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling with bioactive phytocompounds reverses chemoresistance and improves the outcome for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Narimani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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8
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Alì S, Davinelli S, Accardi G, Aiello A, Caruso C, Duro G, Ligotti ME, Pojero F, Scapagnini G, Candore G. Healthy ageing and Mediterranean diet: A focus on hormetic phytochemicals. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111592. [PMID: 34710375 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is rich in fruits and vegetables associated with longevity and a reduced risk of several age-related diseases. It is demonstrated that phytochemicals in these plant products enhance the positive effects of MedDiet by acting on the inflammatory state and reducing oxidative stress. Evidence support that these natural compounds act as hormetins, triggering one or more adaptive stress-response pathways at low doses. Activated stress-response pathways increase the expression of cytoprotective proteins and multiple genes that act as lifespan regulators, essential for the ageing process. In these ways, the hormetic response by phytochemicals such as resveratrol, ferulic acid, and several others in MedDiet might enhance cells' ability to cope with more severe challenges, resist diseases, and promote longevity. This review discusses the role of MedDiet phytochemicals in healthy ageing and the prevention of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawan Alì
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Duro
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy; Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy
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9
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Shah D, Gandhi M, Kumar A, Cruz-Martins N, Sharma R, Nair S. Current insights into epigenetics, noncoding RNA interactome and clinical pharmacokinetics of dietary polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1755-1791. [PMID: 34433338 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1968786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have reported the health-beneficial effects of dietary phytochemicals, namely polyphenols, to prevent various diseases, including cancer. Polyphenols, like (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea, curcumin from turmeric, and ellagic acid from pomegranate are known to act by modulating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and apoptotic signal transduction pathways in the tumor milieu. The evolving literature underscores the role of epigenetic regulation of genes associated with cancer by these polyphenols, primarily via non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). However, there is little clarity on the exact role(s) played by these ncRNAs and their interactions with other ncRNAs, or with their protein targets, in response to modulation by these dietary polyphenols. Here, we review ncRNA interactions and functional networks of the complex ncRNA interactome with their targets in preclinical studies along with the role of epigenetics as well as key aspects of pharmacokinetics and phytochemistry of dietary polyphenols. We also summarize the current state of clinical trials with these dietary polyphenols. Taken together, this synthetic review provides insights into the molecular aspects underlying the anticancer chemopreventive effects of dietary polyphenols as well as summarizes data on novel biomarkers modulated by these polyphenols for preventive or therapeutic purposes in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arun Kumar
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur Delhi, India
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rodríguez-Daza MC, Pulido-Mateos EC, Lupien-Meilleur J, Guyonnet D, Desjardins Y, Roy D. Polyphenol-Mediated Gut Microbiota Modulation: Toward Prebiotics and Further. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689456. [PMID: 34268328 PMCID: PMC8276758 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of gut microbes encodes a collection of enzymes whose metabolic functions contribute to the bioavailability and bioactivity of unabsorbed (poly)phenols. Datasets from high throughput sequencing, metabolome measurements, and other omics have expanded the understanding of the different modes of actions by which (poly)phenols modulate the microbiome conferring health benefits to the host. Progress have been made to identify direct prebiotic effects of (poly)phenols; albeit up to date, these compounds are not recognized as prebiotics sensu stricto. Interestingly, certain probiotics strains have an enzymatic repertoire, such as tannase, α-L-rhamnosidase, and phenolic acid reductase, involved in the transformation of different (poly)phenols into bioactive phenolic metabolites. In vivo studies have demonstrated that these (poly)phenol-transforming bacteria thrive when provided with phenolic substrates. However, other taxonomically distinct gut symbionts of which a phenolic-metabolizing activity has not been demonstrated are still significantly promoted by (poly)phenols. This is the case of Akkermansia muciniphila, a so-called antiobesity bacterium, which responds positively to (poly)phenols and may be partially responsible for the health benefits formerly attributed to these molecules. We surmise that (poly)phenols broad antimicrobial action free ecological niches occupied by competing bacteria, thereby allowing the bloom of beneficial gut bacteria. This review explores the capacity of (poly)phenols to promote beneficial gut bacteria through their direct and collaborative bacterial utilization and their inhibitory action on potential pathogenic species. We propose the term duplibiotic, to describe an unabsorbed substrate modulating the gut microbiota by both antimicrobial and prebiotic modes of action. (Poly)phenol duplibiotic effect could participate in blunting metabolic disturbance and gut dysbiosis, positioning these compounds as dietary strategies with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Rodríguez-Daza
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Elena C Pulido-Mateos
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Lupien-Meilleur
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Guyonnet
- Diana Nova, Symrise Nutrition, Clichy-la-Garenne, France
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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11
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Phyllanthus emblica: A comprehensive review of its therapeutic benefits. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Targeting the crosstalk between canonical Wnt/β-catenin and inflammatory signaling cascades: A novel strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107876. [PMID: 33930452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging scientific evidence indicates that inflammation is a critical component of tumor promotion and progression. Most cancers originate from sites of chronic irritation, infections and inflammation, underscoring that the tumor microenvironment is largely orchestrated by inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory molecules. These inflammatory components are intimately involved in neoplastic processes which foster proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration, making inflammation the primary target for cancer prevention and treatment. The influence of inflammation and the immune system on the progression and development of cancer has recently gained immense interest. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling strategy, has a critical role in regulating tissue development. It has been implicated as a major player in cancer development and progression with its regulatory role on inflammatory cascades. Many naturally-occurring and small synthetic molecules endowed with inherent anti-inflammatory properties inhibit this aberrant signaling pathway, making them a promising class of compounds in the fight against inflammatory cancers. This article analyzes available scientific evidence and suggests a crosslink between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inflammatory pathways in inflammatory cancers, especially breast, gastrointestinal, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. We also highlight emerging experimental findings that numerous anti-inflammatory synthetic and natural compounds target the crosslink between Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inflammatory cascades to achieve cancer prevention and intervention. Current challenges, limitations, and future directions of research are also discussed.
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13
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Li X, Huang K, Liu X, Ruan H, Ma L, Liang J, Cui Y, Wang Y, Wu S, Li H, Wei Y, Li Z, Gao J, Yang B, Li X, Yang G, Zhou H, Yang C. Ellagic Acid Attenuates BLM-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibiting Wnt Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639574. [PMID: 33912053 PMCID: PMC8072668 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease with high mortality and limited therapy that is characterized by epithelial cell damage and fibroblast activation. Ellagic acid is a natural polyphenol compound widely found in fruits and nuts that has multiple pharmacological activities. In this study, we explored the potential effects and mechanisms of Ellagic acid on pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. In vivo studies showed that Ellagic acid significantly alleviated bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. In vitro experiments indicated that Ellagic acid could suppress Wnt signaling and attenuate Wnt3a-induced myofibroblast activation and the phosphorylation of Erk2 and Akt. Further studies showed that Ellagic acid could induce autophagy formation in myofibroblasts mainly by suppressing mTOR signaling and promoting apoptosis of myofibroblasts. In vivo experiments revealed that Ellagic acid significantly inhibited myofibroblast activation and promoted autophagy formation. Taken together, our results show that Ellagic acid effectively attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by suppressing myofibroblast activation and promoting autophagy and apoptosis of myofibroblasts by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunyao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zeping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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14
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Cock IE, Cheesman M. Plants of the genus Terminalia: Phytochemical and antioxidant profiles, proliferation, and cancer. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Tang C, Zhao CC, Yi H, Geng ZJ, Wu XY, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Fan G. Traditional Tibetan Medicine in Cancer Therapy by Targeting Apoptosis Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:976. [PMID: 32774302 PMCID: PMC7381342 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world. Apoptosis, one of the pathways of programmed cell death, is a promising target for cancer therapy. Traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) has been used by Tibetan people for thousands of years, and many TTMs have been proven to be effective in the treatment of cancer. This paper summarized the medicinal plants with anticancer activity in the Tibetan traditional system of medicine by searching for Tibetan medicine monographs and drug standards and reviewing modern research literatures. Forty species were found to be effective in treating cancer. More importantly, some TTMs (e.g., Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Phyllanthus emblica L. and Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel) Maxim.) and their active ingredients (e.g., cordycepin, salidroside, and gallic acid) have been reported to possess anticancer activity by targeting some apoptosis pathways in cancer, such as Bcl-2/Bax, caspases, PI3K/Akt, JAK2/STAT3, MAPK, and AMPK. These herbs and natural compounds would be potential drug candidates for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Tang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zang-Jia Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yue Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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16
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Yu WK, Xu ZY, Yuan L, Mo S, Xu B, Cheng XD, Qin JJ. Targeting β-Catenin Signaling by Natural Products for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:984. [PMID: 32695004 PMCID: PMC7338604 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutations and deregulation of Wnt signaling pathway occur commonly in human cancer and cause the aberrant activation of β-catenin and β-catenin-dependent transcription, thus contributing to cancer development and progression. Therefore, β-catenin has been demonstrated as a promising target for cancer prevention and therapy. Many natural products have been characterized as inhibitors of the β-catenin signaling through down-regulating β-catenin expression, modulating its phosphorylation, promoting its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, inhibiting its nuclear translocation, or other molecular mechanisms. These natural product inhibitors have shown preventive and therapeutic efficacy in various cancer models in vitro and in vivo. In the present review, we comprehensively discuss the natural product β-catenin inhibitors, their in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities, and underlying molecular mechanisms. We also discuss the current β-catenin-targeting strategies and other potential strategies that may be examined for identifying new β-catenin inhibitors as cancer preventive and therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kai Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaowei Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihua Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Paluszczak J. The Significance of the Dysregulation of Canonical Wnt Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030723. [PMID: 32183420 PMCID: PMC7140616 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The knowledge about the molecular alterations which are found in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) has much increased in recent years. However, we are still awaiting the translation of this knowledge to new diagnostic and therapeutic options. Among the many molecular changes that are detected in head and neck cancer, the abnormalities in several signaling pathways, which regulate cell proliferation, cell death and stemness, seem to be especially promising with regard to the development of targeted therapies. Canonical Wnt signaling is a pathway engaged in the formation of head and neck tissues, however it is not active in adult somatic mucosal cells. The aim of this review paper is to bring together significant data related to the current knowledge on the mechanisms and functional significance of the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in head and neck tumors. Research evidence related to the role of Wnt signaling activation in the stimulation of cell proliferation, migration and inhibition of apoptosis in HNSCC is presented. Moreover, its role in promoting stemness traits in head and neck cancer stem-like cells is described. Evidence corroborating the hypothesis that the Wnt signaling pathway is a very promising target of novel therapeutic interventions in HNSCC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Paluszczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Swiecickiego 4, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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18
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Tancheva LP, Lazarova MI, Alexandrova AV, Dragomanova ST, Nicoletti F, Tzvetanova ER, Hodzhev YK, Kalfin RE, Miteva SA, Mazzon E, Tzvetkov NT, Atanasov AG. Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Three Natural Antioxidants on a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease: A Comparative Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010049. [PMID: 31935828 PMCID: PMC7022962 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the neuroprotective action of three natural bio-antioxidants (AOs): ellagic acid (EA), α-lipoic acid (LA), and myrtenal (Myrt) in an experimental model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that was induced in male Wistar rats through an intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The animals were divided into five groups: the sham-operated (SO) control group; striatal 6-OHDA-lesioned control group; and three groups of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats pre-treated for five days with EA, LA, and Myrt (50 mg/kg; intraperitoneally- i.p.), respectively. On the 2nd and the 3rd week post lesion, the animals were subjected to several behavioral tests: apomorphine-induced rotation; rotarod; and the passive avoidance test. Biochemical evaluation included assessment of main oxidative stress parameters as well as dopamine (DA) levels in brain homogenates. The results showed that all three test compounds improved learning and memory performance as well as neuromuscular coordination. Biochemical assays showed that all three compounds substantially decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, and restored catalase (CAT) activity and DA levels that were impaired by the challenge with 6-OHDA. Based on these results, we can conclude that the studied AOs demonstrate properties that are consistent with significant antiparkinsonian effects. The most powerful neuroprotective effect was observed with Myrt, and this work represents the first demonstration of its anti-Parkinsonian impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubka P. Tancheva
- Department of Behavior Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (S.T.D.); (S.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.T.); (A.G.A.); Tel.: +359-2979-2175 (L.P.T.); +48-227-367-022 (A.G.A.)
| | - Maria I. Lazarova
- Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (M.I.L.); (R.E.K.)
| | - Albena V. Alexandrova
- Department Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (A.V.A.); (E.R.T.)
| | - Stela T. Dragomanova
- Department of Behavior Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (S.T.D.); (S.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna 9002, Bulgaria
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Elina R. Tzvetanova
- Department Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (A.V.A.); (E.R.T.)
| | - Yordan K. Hodzhev
- Department of Sensory Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria;
| | - Reni E. Kalfin
- Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (M.I.L.); (R.E.K.)
| | - Simona A. Miteva
- Department of Behavior Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (S.T.D.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Nikolay T. Tzvetkov
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria;
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (M.I.L.); (R.E.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (L.P.T.); (A.G.A.); Tel.: +359-2979-2175 (L.P.T.); +48-227-367-022 (A.G.A.)
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19
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Harikrishnan H, Jantan I, Alagan A, Haque MA. Modulation of cell signaling pathways by Phyllanthus amarus and its major constituents: potential role in the prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:1-18. [PMID: 31792765 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The causal and functional connection between inflammation and cancer has become a subject of much research interest. Modulation of cell signaling pathways, such as those involving mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and Wnt, and their outcomes play a fundamental role in inflammation and cancer. Activation of these cell signaling pathways can lead to various aspects of cancer-related inflammation. Hence, compounds able to modulate inflammation-related molecular targets are sought after in anticancer drug development programs. In recent years, plant extracts and their metabolites have been documented with potential in the prevention and treatment of cancer and inflammatory ailments. Plants possessing anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties due to their bioactive constituents have been reported to modulate the molecular and cellular pathways which are related to inflammation and cancer. In this review we focus on the flavonoids (astragalin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin), lignans (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and niranthin), tannins (corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid, gallic acid), and triterpenes (lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid) of Phyllanthus amarus, which exert various anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities via perturbation of the NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt signaling networks. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved may help future research to develop drug candidates for prevention and new treatment for cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathy Harikrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Akilandeshwari Alagan
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 048, India
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
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20
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Nagini S, Sophia J, Mishra R. Glycogen synthase kinases: Moonlighting proteins with theranostic potential in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 56:25-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Zhou B, Li Q, Wang J, Chen P, Jiang S. Ellagic acid attenuates streptozocin induced diabetic nephropathy via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Ceci C, Lacal PM, Tentori L, De Martino MG, Miano R, Graziani G. Experimental Evidence of the Antitumor, Antimetastatic and Antiangiogenic Activity of Ellagic Acid. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1756. [PMID: 30441769 PMCID: PMC6266224 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound endowed with strong antioxidant and anticancer properties that is present in high quantity in a variety of berries, pomegranates, and dried fruits. The antitumor activity of EA has been mostly attributed to direct antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. Moreover, EA can inhibit tumour cell migration, extra-cellular matrix invasion and angiogenesis, all processes that are crucial for tumour infiltrative behaviour and the metastatic process. In addition, EA may increase tumour sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this review is to summarize the in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence supporting the anticancer activity of pure EA, its metabolites, and EA-containing fruit juice or extracts in a variety of solid tumour models. The EA oral administration as supportive therapy to standard chemotherapy has been recently evaluated in small clinical studies with colorectal or prostate cancer patients. Novel formulations with improved solubility and bioavailability are expected to fully develop the therapeutic potential of EA derivatives in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ceci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Pedro M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lucio Tentori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Gabriella De Martino
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Miano
- Urology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy.
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Efficacy of Osthole in Management of Hypoperfused Retina. J Ophthalmol 2018; 2018:6178347. [PMID: 29713525 PMCID: PMC5866862 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6178347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the effect of osthole on the retina in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) rat model and to investigate its therapeutic activity. Methods Seventy-two rats were randomly allocated into 6 groups. CCH was induced by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) in five groups. Sham surgery was performed without occlusion of the artery in the sixth group (control group). Animals were administered with saline (model group), osthole (osthole-IG group), aspirin (aspirin group), or ginaton (ginaton group); the osthole-PI group was performed with peribulbar injection of osthole. Four rats in each group were sacrificed every 5 days after drug administration, and histopathology along with morphology of retina were observed. Fundus fluorescein angiography was performed before the animals were sacrificed at day 15. Retinal Akt, NF-κB, Bax, and Bcl-2 levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and reverse-transcription PCR; retinal injury was assessed using TUNEL in situ; retinal levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results Fundus fluorescein angiography revealed the retinal vascular diameter in the osthole-IG group rats to be wider than that in the model, osthole-PI, aspirin, or ginaton group rats. Histological analysis of retinal tissue revealed an increase in retinal thickness in all treatment groups, and significant improvement was noticed in the osthole-IG group. TUNEL staining revealed fewer apoptotic cells in the osthole-IG and osthole-PI groups than in the other groups. For immunohistochemistry results, in the osthole-IG group, levels of NF-κB and Akt were lower than those in the other treated groups, while levels of the ratio Bcl-2/Bax were higher. Levels of MDA were lower and levels of SOD were higher in the osthole-IG group than in the other groups. Conclusions Osthole protects the retina from ischemia injury secondary to CCH induced by BCCAO, mainly through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects.
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24
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Zeb A. Ellagic acid in suppressing in vivo and in vitro oxidative stresses. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 448:27-41. [PMID: 29388153 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a biological condition produced by a variety of factors, causing several chronic diseases. Oxidative stress was, therefore, treated with natural antioxidants, such as ellagic acid (EA). EA has a major role in protecting against different diseases associated with oxidative stress. This review critically discussed the antioxidant role of EA in biological systems. The in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed the protective role of EA in suppressing oxidative stress. The review also discussed the mechanism of EA in suppressing of oxidative stress, which showed that EA activates specific endogenous antioxidant enzymes and suppresses specific genes responsible for inflammation, diseases, or disturbance of biochemical systems. The amount of EA used and duration, which plays a significant role in the treatment of oxidative stress has been discussed. In conclusion, EA is a strong natural antioxidant, which possesses the suppressing power of oxidative stress in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alam Zeb
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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25
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Wang N, Wang Q, Tang H, Zhang F, Zheng Y, Wang S, Zhang J, Wang Z, Xie X. Direct inhibition of ACTN4 by ellagic acid limits breast cancer metastasis via regulation of β-catenin stabilization in cancer stem cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:172. [PMID: 29197410 PMCID: PMC5712102 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Pharmacology-based target identification has become a novel strategy leading to the discovery of novel pathological biomarkers. Ellagic acid (EA), a dietary polyphenol compound, exhibits potent anticancer activities; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current study sought to determine the role and regulation of ACTN4 expression in human breast cancer metastasis and EA-based therapy. Methods The anti-metastasis ability of EA was validated by MMTV-PyMT mice and in vitro cell models. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) was utilized to identify ACTN4 as the direct target of EA. The metastatic regulated function of ACTN4 were assessed by cancer stem cells (CSCs)-related assays, including mammosphere formation, tumorigenic ability, reattachment differentiation, and signaling pathway analysis. The mechanisms of ACTN4 on β-catenin stabilization were investigated by western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. The clinical significance of ACTN4 was based on human tissue microarray (TMA) analysis and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database exploration. Results EA inhibited breast cancer growth and metastasis via directly targeting ACTN4 in vitro and in vivo, and was accompanied by a limited CSC population. ACTN4 knockdown resulted in the blockage of malignant cell proliferation, colony formation, and ameliorated metastasis potency. ACTN4-positive CSCs exhibited a higher ESA+ proportion, increased mammosphere-formation ability, and enhanced in vivo tumorigenesis ability. Mechanism exploration revealed that interruption of ACTN4/β-catenin interaction will result in the activation of β-catenin proteasome degradation. Increased ACTN4 expression was directly associated with the advanced cancer stage, an increased incidence of metastasis, and poor overall survival period. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest that ACTN4 plays an important role in breast CSCs-related metastasis and is a novel therapeutic target of EA treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0635-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College & The Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Shi, China.
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Xu J, Zhao Y, Aisa HA. Anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate flower in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:2095-2101. [PMID: 28832232 PMCID: PMC6130474 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1357737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Punica granatum L (Punicaceae) flower is an important diabetes treatment in oriental herbal medicine. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the inflammation effects of pomegranate flower (PFE) ethanol extract in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS PFE (10, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL) was applied to 1 μg/mL LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro. Levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β), interleukin (IL)-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the supernatant fraction were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) subgroups extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38, as well as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in extracts were detected via Western blot. RESULTS 10-100 μg/mL PFE decreased the production of NO (IC50 value = 31.8 μg/mL), PGE2 (IC50 value = 54.5 μg/mL), IL-6 (IC50 value = 48.7 μg/mL), IL-1β (IC50 value = 71.3 μg/mL) and TNF-α (IC50 value = 62.5 μg/mL) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells significantly. A mechanism-based study showed that phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, JNK and translocation of the NF-B p65 subunit into nuclei were inhibited by the PFE treatment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results show that PFE produced potential anti-inflammatory effect through modulating the synthesis of several mediators and cytokines involved in the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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27
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Oghumu S, Casto BC, Ahn-Jarvis J, Weghorst LC, Maloney J, Geuy P, Horvath KZ, Bollinger CE, Warner BM, Summersgill KF, Weghorst CM, Knobloch TJ. Inhibition of Pro-inflammatory and Anti-apoptotic Biomarkers during Experimental Oral Cancer Chemoprevention by Dietary Black Raspberries. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1325. [PMID: 29109723 PMCID: PMC5660285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide. Recently conducted clinical trials demonstrate the ability of black raspberries (BRBs) to modulate biomarkers of molecular efficacy that supports a chemopreventive strategy against oral cancer. However, it is essential that a preclinical animal model of black raspberry (BRB) chemoprevention which recapitulates human oral carcinogenesis be developed, so that we can validate biomarkers and evaluate potential mechanisms of action. We therefore established the ability of BRBs to inhibit oral lesion formation in a carcinogen-induced rat oral cancer model and examined potential mechanisms. F344 rats were administered 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) (20 µg/ml) in drinking water for 14 weeks followed by regular drinking water for 6 weeks. At week 14, rats were fed a diet containing either 5 or 10% BRB, or 0.4% ellagic acid (EA), a BRB phytochemical. Dietary administration of 5 and 10% BRB reduced oral lesion incidence and multiplicity by 39.3 and 28.6%, respectively. Histopathological analyses demonstrate the ability of BRBs and, to a lesser extent EA, to inhibit the progression of oral cancer. Oral lesion inhibition by BRBs was associated with a reduction in the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers Cxcl1, Mif, and Nfe2l2 as well as the anti-apoptotic and cell cycle associated markers Birc5, Aurka, Ccna1, and Ccna2. Cellular proliferation (Ki-67 staining) in tongue lesions was inhibited by BRBs and EA. Our study demonstrates that, in the rat 4NQO oral cancer model, dietary administration of BRBs inhibits oral carcinogenesis via inhibition of pro-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Oghumu
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Bruce C Casto
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Ahn-Jarvis
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Logan C Weghorst
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jim Maloney
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Paul Geuy
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kyle Z Horvath
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Claire E Bollinger
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Blake M Warner
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kurt F Summersgill
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christopher M Weghorst
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J Knobloch
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, United States
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CS-PEG decorated PLGA nano-prototype for delivery of bioactive compounds: A novel approach for induction of apoptosis in HepG2 cell line. Adv Med Sci 2017; 62:357-367. [PMID: 28521254 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polymer-based nanoparticles are used as vectors for cancer drug delivery. The bioactive compounds (quercetin, ellagic acid and gallic acid) are well known to be not only antioxidants but also chemopreventive candidates against various types of cancers. To circumvent the low bioavailability and the short half-life time obstacles, we hypothesized a novel PLGA nano-platform functionalized with CS and PEG to encapsulate these phytochemicals. This encapsulation will protect the compounds from the phagocytic uptake and deliver PLGA-CS-PEG nano-prototype with high biodegradability and biosafety. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three consequent types of PLGA-based nanocomposites were prepared and characterized. Furthermore, we investigated the newly synthesized nano-formulations against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and colorectal cancer (HCT 116) cell lines using cell growth inhibition assays, followed by apoptosis and necrosis assays using flow cytometry to detect the underlying mechanism of HepG2 cell death. RESULTS Through Malvern Zeta Sizer, we recorded that the average diameters of the nano-prototypes ranged from 150 to 300nm. The cytotoxic activity of quercetin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid-encapsulated PLGA, PLGA-CS, and PLGA-CS-PEG nano-prototypes it has been found that they reduce the IC50s of the HepG2 cells values by 2.2, 2.9, 2.8-folds, 1, 1.5, 2.7-folds, and 0.9, 0.7, 1.5-folds, respectively. Mechanistically, the nano-platforms of quercetin seem to be dependent on both apoptosis and necrosis, while those of ellagic acid and gallic acid are mainly dependent on apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS CS-PEG-blended PLGA nano-delivery system of quercetin, ellagic acid and gallic acid can potentiate apoptosis-mediated cell death in HepG2 cell line.
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29
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Tafrihi M, Nakhaei Sistani R. E-Cadherin/β-Catenin Complex: A Target for Anticancer and Antimetastasis Plants/Plant-derived Compounds. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:702-722. [PMID: 28524727 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1320415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants reputed to have cancer-inhibiting potential and putative active components derived from those plants have emerged as an exciting new field in cancer study. Some of these compounds have cancer-inhibiting potential in different clinical staging levels, especially metastasis. A few of them which stabilize cell-cell adhesions are controversial topics. This review article introduces some effective herbal compounds that target E-cadherin/β-catenin protein complex. In this article, at first, we briefly review the structure and function of E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins, Wnt signaling pathway, and its target genes. Then, effective compounds of the Teucrium persicum, Teucrium polium, Allium sativum (garlic), Glycine max (soy), and Brassica oleracea (broccoli) plants, which influence stability and cellular localization of E-cadherin/β-catenin complex, were studied. Based on literature review, there are some compounds in these plants, including genistein of soy, sulforaphane of broccoli, organosulfur compounds of garlic, and the total extract of Teucrium genus that change the expression of variety of Wnt target genes such as MMPs, E-cadherin, p21, p53, c-myc, and cyclin D1. So they may induce cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis and/or inhibition of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Tafrihi
- a Molecular and Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences , University of Mazandaran , Babolsar , Mazandaran , Iran
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Borgohain MP, Chowdhury L, Ahmed S, Bolshette N, Devasani K, Das TJ, Mohapatra A, Lahkar M. Renoprotective and antioxidative effects of methanolic Paederia foetida leaf extract on experimental diabetic nephropathy in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:451-459. [PMID: 28111217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paederia foetida Linn. (Family: Rubiaceae) is widely used as a natural remedy for diabetes mellitus by the Nepali and Lepcha tribes of Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayan region. The plant is administered to a diabetic individual in the form of leaf infusion for 2-3 weeks. Therefore, we investigated the effects of methanolic leaf extract of Paederia foetida (MEPF) on alloxan (ALX) induced diabetic renal oxidative stress and NF-kB dependent renoinflammatory events in rat. Method Effects of MEPF on blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum and oxidative stress markers were evaluated in ALX induced diabetic wistar rats. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out to estimate serum IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and renal tissue NF-kB p65 levels. MEPF treatment was given to the diabetic rats at a dose of 250 and 500mg/kg body weight (b.w.). RESULTS & DISCUSSION MEPF treatment significantly reduced hyperglycaemia, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglycerides (TRIGs), and total cholesterol (TCHOL) levels in the diabetic rats, whereas it significantly restored GFR and serum albumin level. The activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant machineries was remarkably augmented by MEPF treatment. Likewise, it also significantly lowered lipid peroxidation which was evidenced by decreased concentration of thiobarbituric reactive substances (malondialdehyde, MDA) in the renal tissue of treated diabetic groups. Moreover, MEPF treated animals exhibited low serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α compared to the diabetic control rats. It showed a dose dependent inhibition of NF-kB activation in the diabetic kidney, but the effects were more prominent at a dose of 500mg/kg. Histopathological examinations also confirmed its nephroprotective action during diabetes. CONCLUSION MEPF treatment mitigates oxidative stress and suppresses renal inflammation via inhibition of NF-kB in diabetic kidney in early progressive diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Borgohain
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - L Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - N Bolshette
- Institute Level Biotech-hub, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - K Devasani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - T J Das
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - A Mohapatra
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - M Lahkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India; Institute Level Biotech-hub, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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Zhang XJ, Jia SS. Fisetin inhibits laryngeal carcinoma through regulation of AKT/NF-κB/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1164-1174. [PMID: 27551764 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting cancer cells is crucial for improving the efficiency of laryngeal cancer treatment. However, the signaling pathway and therapeutic strategy, related to the tumor, still need further research. Dietary flavonoid fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone) found in many fruits and vegetables has been shown in preclinical studies to inhibit cancer growth through regulating cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis without causing any toxicity to normal cells. PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 have been known as essential signaling pathways to modulate cell proliferation, apoptosis as well as autophagy via mTOR, Caspase-3 and NF-κB signals. In our study, flow cytometry and western blot assays suggested that apoptosis was induced by fisetin administration, promoting Caspase-3 expressions by regulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB. Additionally, fisetin suppressed TU212 cells proliferation, which was linked with ERK1/2 inactivation. Further, the activation of PI3K/AKT-regulated mTOR was inhibited by fisetin, leading to transcription suppression and proliferation inhibition of TU212 cells. In vivo studies also showed that the tumor volume and weight of nude mice were reduced for fisetin use with KI-67 decrease and LC3II increase in tumor tissue samples. Together, our data indicated that fisetin had a potential role in controlling human laryngeal cancer through inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy regulated by ERK1/2 and AKT/NF-κB/mTOR signaling pathways, which might provide a therapeutic strategy for laryngeal cancer inhibition in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shen-Shan Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
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Ismail T, Calcabrini C, Diaz AR, Fimognari C, Turrini E, Catanzaro E, Akhtar S, Sestili P. Ellagitannins in Cancer Chemoprevention and Therapy. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050151. [PMID: 27187472 PMCID: PMC4885066 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is universally accepted that diets rich in fruit and vegetables lead to reduction in the risk of common forms of cancer and are useful in cancer prevention. Indeed edible vegetables and fruits contain a wide variety of phytochemicals with proven antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and chemopreventive activity; moreover, some of these phytochemicals also display direct antiproliferative activity towards tumor cells, with the additional advantage of high tolerability and low toxicity. The most important dietary phytochemicals are isothiocyanates, ellagitannins (ET), polyphenols, indoles, flavonoids, retinoids, tocopherols. Among this very wide panel of compounds, ET represent an important class of phytochemicals which are being increasingly investigated for their chemopreventive and anticancer activities. This article reviews the chemistry, the dietary sources, the pharmacokinetics, the evidence on chemopreventive efficacy and the anticancer activity of ET with regard to the most sensitive tumors, as well as the mechanisms underlying their clinically-valuable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ismail
- Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan; (T.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti 26, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy;
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Anna Rita Diaz
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti 26, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy;
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan; (T.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti 26, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)-722-303-414
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Tursun X, Zhao Y, Alat Z, Xin X, Tursun A, Abdulla R, AkberAisa H. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Rosa rugosa Flower Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:184-90. [PMID: 26797110 PMCID: PMC4774500 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosa rugosa Thunb, a deciduous shrub of the genus Rosa, has been widely used to treat stomach aches, diarrhoea, pain, and chronic inflammatory disease in eastern Asia. In recent years, our research team has extensively studied the Rosa rugosa flower extract, and specifically undertook pharmacological experiments which have optimized the extraction process. Our methods have yielded a standard extract enriched in phenolic compounds, named PRE. Herein, we expand our efforts and evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of PRE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. PRE significantly inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-6, and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), as well as expression of their synthesizing enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2). Furthermore, PRE inhibited activity of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) as well as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Our findings are the first to explain the anti-inflammatory mechanism by PRE in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Given these results, we propose that PRE has therapeutic potential in the prevention of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirali Tursun
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Zulfiya Alat
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Xuelei Xin
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, China.,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Adila Tursun
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Rahima Abdulla
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, China
| | - Haji AkberAisa
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, China.,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
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de Oliveira MR. The Effects of Ellagic Acid upon Brain Cells: A Mechanistic View and Future Directions. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1219-28. [PMID: 26846140 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA, 2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-chromeno; C14H6O8) is a polyphenol derived from fruits (pomegranates, berries) and nuts. EA exhibits antioxidant capacity and induces anti-inflammatory actions in several mammalian tissues. EA has been characterized as a possible neuroprotective agent, but the number of reports is still limited to conclude whether and how EA exerts neuroprotection in humans. In this regard, performing additional studies considering the potential beneficial and/or toxicological roles for EA on brain cells would be an important step towards fully understanding of when and how EA may be securely utilized by humans as a neuroprotective agent. The aim of the present work is to discuss data related to the neuronal and glial effects of EA and the mechanisms underlying such events. Moreover, future directions are suggested as a potential guide to be utilized by researchers interested in investigating the neuronal and glial actions of EA hereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry/ICET, Postgraduate Program in Chemistry (PPGQ), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, 78060-900, Brazil.
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Wnt5A regulates ABCB1 expression in multidrug-resistant cancer cells through activation of the non-canonical PKA/β-catenin pathway. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12273-90. [PMID: 25401518 PMCID: PMC4322984 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance in cancer cells arises from altered drug permeability of the cell. We previously reported activation of the Wnt pathway in ABCB1-overexpressed human uterus sarcoma drug-resistant MES-SA/Dx5 cells through active β-catenin and associated transactivation activities, and upregulation of Wnt-targeting genes. In this study, Wnt5A was found to be significantly upregulated in MES-SA/Dx5 and MCF7/ADR2 cells, suggesting an important role for the Wnt5A signaling pathway in cancer drug resistance. Higher cAMP response elements and Tcf/Lef transcription activities were shown in the drug-resistant cancer cells. However, expression of Wnt target genes and CRE activities was downregulated in Wnt5A shRNA stably-transfected MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Cell viability of the drug-resistant cancer cells was also reduced by doxorubicin treatment and Wnt5A shRNA transfection, or by Wnt5A depletion. The in vitro data were supported by immunohistochemical analysis of 24 paired breast cancer biopsies obtained pre- and post-chemotherapeutic treatment. Wnt5A, VEGF and/or ABCB1 were significantly overexpressed after treatment, consistent with clinical chemoresistance. Taken together, the Wnt5A signaling pathway was shown to contribute to regulating the drug-resistance protein ABCB1 and β-catenin-related genes in antagonizing the toxic effects of doxorubicin in the MDR cell lines and in clinical breast cancer samples.
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Astaxanthin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Inhibition of Nf-Κb P65 and Wnt/Β-Catenin in Vitro. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6064-81. [PMID: 26404320 PMCID: PMC4626679 DOI: 10.3390/md13106064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that can cause systemic invasion; however, the exact etiology and molecular mechanism are unknown. Astaxanthin (ASX), a powerful antioxidant, has efficient anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other activities, and has great research prospects in cancer therapy. We selected the human hepatoma cell lines, LM3 and SMMC-7721, to study the anti-tumor effect and related mechanisms of ASX. The cell lines were treated with different concentrations of ASX, and its solvent DMSO as a control, for different time periods and the results were determined using CCK8, qRT-PCR, WB, apoptotic staining, and flow cytometry. ASX induced significant apoptosis of HCC cells, and its effect may have been caused by NF-κB p65 and Wnt/β-catenin down-regulation via negative activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK. Antitumor research on ASX has provided us with a potential therapy for patients with hepatomas.
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Anticancer Properties of Phyllanthus emblica (Indian Gooseberry). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:950890. [PMID: 26180601 PMCID: PMC4477227 DOI: 10.1155/2015/950890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a wealth of information emanating from both in vitro and in vivo studies indicating fruit extract of the Phyllanthus emblica tree, commonly referred to as Indian Gooseberries, has potent anticancer properties. The bioactivity in this extract is thought to be principally mediated by polyphenols, especially tannins and flavonoids. It remains unclear how polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica can incorporate both cancer-preventative and antitumor properties. The antioxidant function of Phyllanthus emblica can account for some of the anticancer activity, but clearly other mechanisms are equally important. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the evidence supporting anticancer activity of Indian Gooseberry extracts, suggest possible mechanisms for these actions, and provide future directions that might be taken to translate these findings clinically.
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Novel cancer chemotherapy hits by molecular topology: dual Akt and Beta-catenin inhibitors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124244. [PMID: 25910265 PMCID: PMC4409212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Colorectal and prostate cancers are two of the most common types and cause of a high rate of deaths worldwide. Therefore, any strategy to stop or at least slacken the development and progression of malignant cells is an important therapeutic choice. The aim of the present work is the identification of novel cancer chemotherapy agents. Nowadays, many different drug discovery approaches are available, but this paper focuses on Molecular Topology, which has already demonstrated its extraordinary efficacy in this field, particularly in the identification of new hit and lead compounds against cancer. This methodology uses the graph theoretical formalism to numerically characterize molecular structures through the so called topological indices. Once obtained a specific framework, it allows the construction of complex mathematical models that can be used to predict physical, chemical or biological properties of compounds. In addition, Molecular Topology is highly efficient in selecting and designing new hit and lead drugs. According to the aforementioned, Molecular Topology has been applied here for the construction of specific Akt/mTOR and β-catenin inhibition mathematical models in order to identify and select novel antitumor agents. Experimental Approach Based on the results obtained by the selected mathematical models, six novel potential inhibitors of the Akt/mTOR and β-catenin pathways were identified. These compounds were then tested in vitro to confirm their biological activity. Conclusion and Implications Five of the selected compounds, CAS n° 256378-54-8 (Inhibitor n°1), 663203-38-1 (Inhibitor n°2), 247079-73-8 (Inhibitor n°3), 689769-86-6 (Inhibitor n°4) and 431925-096 (Inhibitor n°6) gave positive responses and resulted to be active for Akt/mTOR and/or β-catenin inhibition. This study confirms once again the Molecular Topology’s reliability and efficacy to find out novel drugs in the field of cancer.
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Ramírez de Molina A, Vargas T, Molina S, Sánchez J, Martínez-Romero J, González-Vallinas M, Martín-Hernández R, Sánchez-Martínez R, Gómez de Cedrón M, Dávalos A, Calani L, Del Rio D, González-Sarrías A, Espín JC, Tomás-Barberán FA, Reglero G. The ellagic acid derivative 4,4'-di-O-methylellagic acid efficiently inhibits colon cancer cell growth through a mechanism involving WNT16. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 353:433-44. [PMID: 25758919 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.221796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) and some derivatives have been reported to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce cell cycle arrest, and modulate some important cellular processes related to cancer. This study aimed to identify possible structure-activity relationships of EA and some in vivo derivatives in their antiproliferative effect on both human colon cancer and normal cells, and to compare this activity with that of other polyphenols. Our results showed that 4,4'-di-O-methylellagic acid (4,4'-DiOMEA) was the most effective compound in the inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation. 4,4'-DiOMEA was 13-fold more effective than other compounds of the same family. In addition, 4,4'-DiOMEA was very active against colon cancer cells resistant to the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluoracil, whereas no effect was observed in nonmalignant colon cells. Moreover, no correlation between antiproliferative and antioxidant activities was found, further supporting that structure differences might result in dissimilar molecular targets involved in their differential effects. Finally, microarray analysis revealed that 4,4'-DiOMEA modulated Wnt signaling, which might be involved in the potential antitumor action of this compound. Our results suggest that structural-activity differences between EA and 4,4'-DiOMEA might constitute the basis for a new strategy in anticancer drug discovery based on these chemical modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Teodoro Vargas
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Susana Molina
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Jenifer Sánchez
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Jorge Martínez-Romero
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Margarita González-Vallinas
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Roberto Martín-Hernández
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Ruth Sánchez-Martínez
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Marta Gómez de Cedrón
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Luca Calani
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Francisco A Tomás-Barberán
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer, Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food Institute, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain (A.R.d.M., T.V., S.M., J.S., J.M.-R., M.G.-V., R.M.-H., R.S.-M., M.G.d.C., A.D., G.R.); LS9 Interlab Group, Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy (L.C., D.D.R.); and Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (A.G.-S., J.C.E., F.A.T.-B.)
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Lee J, Jo DG, Park D, Chung HY, Mattson MP. Adaptive cellular stress pathways as therapeutic targets of dietary phytochemicals: focus on the nervous system. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 66:815-68. [PMID: 24958636 DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past 5 decades, it has been widely promulgated that the chemicals in plants that are good for health act as direct scavengers of free radicals. Here we review evidence that favors a different hypothesis for the health benefits of plant consumption, namely, that some phytochemicals exert disease-preventive and therapeutic actions by engaging one or more adaptive cellular response pathways in cells. The evolutionary basis for the latter mechanism is grounded in the fact that plants produce natural antifeedant/noxious chemicals that discourage insects and other organisms from eating them. However, in the amounts typically consumed by humans, the phytochemicals activate one or more conserved adaptive cellular stress response pathways and thereby enhance the ability of cells to resist injury and disease. Examplesof such pathways include those involving the transcription factors nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, nuclear factor-κB, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and forkhead box subgroup O, as well as the production and action of trophic factors and hormones. Translational research to develop interventions that target these pathways may lead to new classes of therapeutic agents that act by stimulating adaptive stress response pathways to bolster endogenous defenses against tissue injury and disease. Because neurons are particularly sensitive to potentially noxious phytochemicals, we focus on the nervous system but also include findings from other cell types in which actions of phytochemicals on specific signal transduction pathways have been more thoroughly studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea (J.L., D.P., H.Y.C.); School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (D.-G.J.); Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.); and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.)
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea (J.L., D.P., H.Y.C.); School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (D.-G.J.); Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.); and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.)
| | - Daeui Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea (J.L., D.P., H.Y.C.); School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (D.-G.J.); Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.); and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.)
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea (J.L., D.P., H.Y.C.); School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (D.-G.J.); Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.); and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.)
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea (J.L., D.P., H.Y.C.); School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (D.-G.J.); Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.); and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.P.M.)
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Shirode AB, Bharali DJ, Nallanthighal S, Coon JK, Mousa SA, Reliene R. Nanoencapsulation of pomegranate bioactive compounds for breast cancer chemoprevention. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:475-84. [PMID: 25624761 PMCID: PMC4296962 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s65145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate polyphenols are potent antioxidants and chemopreventive agents but have low bioavailability and a short half-life. For example, punicalagin (PU), the major polyphenol in pomegranates, is not absorbed in its intact form but is hydrolyzed to ellagic acid (EA) moieties and rapidly metabolized into short-lived metabolites of EA. We hypothesized that encapsulation of pomegranate polyphenols into biodegradable sustained release nanoparticles (NPs) may circumvent these limitations. We describe here the development, characterization, and bioactivity assessment of novel formulations of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) NPs loaded with pomegranate extract (PE) or individual polyphenols such as PU or EA. Monodispersed, spherical 150-200 nm average diameter NPs were prepared by the double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Uptake of Alexa Fluor-488-labeled NPs was evaluated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells over a 24-hour time course. Confocal fluorescent microscopy revealed that PLGA-PEG NPs were efficiently taken up, and the uptake reached the maximum at 24 hours. In addition, we examined the antiproliferative effects of PE-, PU-, and/or EA-loaded NPs in MCF-7 and Hs578T breast cancer cells. We found that PE, PU, and EA nanoprototypes had a 2- to 12-fold enhanced effect on cell growth inhibition compared to their free counterparts, while void NPs did not affect cell growth. PU-NPs were the most potent nanoprototype of pomegranates. Thus, PU may be the polyphenol of choice for further chemoprevention studies with pomegranate nanoprototypes. These data demonstrate that nanotechnology-enabled delivery of pomegranate polyphenols enhances their anticancer effects in breast cancer cells. Thus, pomegranate polyphenols are promising agents for nanochemoprevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit B Shirode
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA ; Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Dhruba J Bharali
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Sameera Nallanthighal
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA ; Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Justin K Coon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA ; Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ramune Reliene
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA ; Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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Al-Shabanah OA, Hafez MM, Hassan ZK, Sayed-Ahmed MM, Abozeed WN, Alsheikh A, Al-Rejaie SS. Methylation of SFRPs and APC genes in ovarian cancer infected with high risk human papillomavirus. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:2719-25. [PMID: 24761891 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) genes, new tumor suppressor genes, are negative regulators of the Wnt pathway whose alteration is associated with various tumors. In ovarian cancer, SFRPs genes promoter methylation can lead to gene inactivation. This study investigated mechanisms of SFRP and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) genes silencing in ovarian cancer infected with high risk human papillomavirus. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA was extracted from 200 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer and their normal adjacent tissues (NAT) and DNA methylation was detected by methylation specific PCR (MSP). High risk human papillomavirus (HPV) was detected by nested PCR with consensus primers to amplify a broad spectrum of HPV genotypes. RESULTS The percentages of SFRP and APC genes with methylation were significantly higher in ovarian cancer tissues infected with high risk HPV compared to NAT. The methylated studied genes were associated with suppression in their gene expression. CONCLUSION This finding highlights the possible role of the high risk HPV virus in ovarian carcinogenesis or in facilitating cancer progression by suppression of SFRP and APC genes via DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Othman Abdulla Al-Shabanah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail :
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Kowshik J, Baba AB, Giri H, Deepak Reddy G, Dixit M, Nagini S. Astaxanthin inhibits JAK/STAT-3 signaling to abrogate cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis in a hamster model of oral cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109114. [PMID: 25296162 PMCID: PMC4189964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying agents that inhibit STAT-3, a cytosolic transcription factor involved in the activation of various genes implicated in tumour progression is a promising strategy for cancer chemoprevention. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary astaxanthin on JAK-2/STAT-3 signaling in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model by examining the mRNA and protein expression of JAK/STAT-3 and its target genes. Quantitative RT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that astaxanthin supplementation inhibits key events in JAK/STAT signaling especially STAT-3 phosphorylation and subsequent nuclear translocation of STAT-3. Furthermore, astaxanthin downregulated the expression of STAT-3 target genes involved in cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, and reduced microvascular density, thereby preventing tumour progression. Molecular docking analysis confirmed inhibitory effects of astaxanthin on STAT signaling and angiogenesis. Cell culture experiments with the endothelial cell line ECV304 substantiated the role of astaxanthin in suppressing angiogenesis. Taken together, our data provide substantial evidence that dietary astaxanthin prevents the development and progression of HBP carcinomas through the inhibition of JAK-2/STAT-3 signaling and its downstream events. Thus, astaxanthin that functions as a potent inhibitor of tumour development and progression by targeting JAK/STAT signaling may be an ideal candidate for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kowshik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Basit Baba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hemant Giri
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tami Nadu, India
| | - G. Deepak Reddy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Division, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narsapur, India
| | - Madhulika Dixit
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tami Nadu, India
| | - Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
- * E-mail:
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Ellagic acid, an NF-κB inhibitor, ameliorates renal function in experimental diabetic nephropathy. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 219:64-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Forbes-Hernández TY, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Mazzoni L, Quiles JL, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Battino M. The effects of bioactive compounds from plant foods on mitochondrial function: a focus on apoptotic mechanisms. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 68:154-82. [PMID: 24680691 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for cellular integrity and functionality maintenance and their imparement is implicated in the development of a wide range of diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, degenerative and hyperproliferative pathologies. The identification of different compounds able to interact with mitochondria for therapeutic purposes is currently becoming of primary importance. Indeed, it is well known that foods, particularly those of vegetable origin, present several constituents with beneficial effects on health. This review summarizes and updates the most recent findings concerning the mechanisms through which different dietary compounds from plant foods affect mitochondria functionality in healthy and pathological in vitro and in vivo models, paying particular attention to the pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - Luca Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
| | - José M Alvarez-Suarez
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy.
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MicroRNA 'signature' during estrogen-mediated mammary carcinogenesis and its reversal by ellagic acid intervention. Cancer Lett 2013; 339:175-84. [PMID: 23791885 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated miRNA expression has been associated with the development and progression of cancers, including breast cancer. The role of estrogen (E2) in regulation of cell proliferation and breast carcinogenesis is well-known. Recent reports have associated several miRNAs with estrogen receptors in breast cancers. Investigation of the regulatory role of miRNAs is critical for understanding the effect of E2 in human breast cancer, as well as developing strategies for cancer chemoprevention. In the present study we used the well-established ACI rat model that develops mammary tumors upon E2 exposure and identified a 'signature' of 33 significantly modulated miRNAs during the process of mammary tumorigenesis. Several of these miRNAs were altered as early as 3 weeks after initial E2 treatment and their modulation persisted throughout the mammary carcinogenesis process, suggesting that these molecular changes are early events. Furthermore, ellagic acid, which inhibited E2-induced mammary tumorigenesis in our previous study, reversed the dysregulation of miR-375, miR-206, miR-182, miR-122, miR-127 and miR-183 detected with E2 treatment and modulated their target proteins (ERα, cyclin D1, RASD1, FoxO3a, FoxO1, cyclin G1, Bcl-w and Bcl-2). This is the first systematic study examining the changes in miRNA expression associated with E2 treatment in ACI rats as early as 3 week until tumor time point. The effect of a chemopreventive agent, ellagic acid in reversing miRNAs modulated during E2-mediated mammary tumorigenesis is also established. These observations provide mechanistic insights into the new molecular events behind the chemopreventive action of ellagic acid and treatment of breast cancer.
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Kavitha K, Kowshik J, Kishore TKK, Baba AB, Nagini S. Astaxanthin inhibits NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways via inactivation of Erk/MAPK and PI3K/Akt to induce intrinsic apoptosis in a hamster model of oral cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4433-44. [PMID: 23726989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oncogenic transcription factors NF-κB and β-catenin, constitutively activated by upstream serine/threonine kinases control several cellular processes implicated in malignant transformation including apoptosis evasion. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemopreventive effects of astaxanthin, an antioxidant carotenoid, in the hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model based on its ability to modulate NF-κB and Wnt signaling pathways and induce apoptosis. METHODS We determined the effect of dietary supplementation of astaxanthin on the oncogenic signaling pathways - NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin, their upstream activator kinases - Erk/MAPK and PI-3K/Akt, and the downstream event - apoptosis evasion by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS We found that astaxanthin inhibits NF-κB and Wnt signaling by downregulating the key regulatory enzymes IKKβ and GSK-3β. Analysis of gene expression and docking interactions revealed that inhibition of these pathways may be mediated via inactivation of the upstream signaling kinases Erk/Akt by astaxanthin. Astaxanthin also induced caspase-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis by downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2, p-Bad, and survivin and upregulating proapoptotic Bax and Bad, accompanied by efflux of Smac/Diablo and cytochrome-c into the cytosol, and induced cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). CONCLUSIONS The results provide compelling evidence that astaxanthin exerts chemopreventive effects by concurrently inhibiting phosphorylation of transcription factors and signaling kinases and inducing intrinsic apoptosis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Astaxanthin targets key molecules in oncogenic signaling pathways and induces apoptosis and is a promising candidate agent for cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kavitha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kavitha K, Thiyagarajan P, Rathna Nandhini J, Mishra R, Nagini S. Chemopreventive effects of diverse dietary phytochemicals against DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis via the induction of Nrf2-mediated cytoprotective antioxidant, detoxification, and DNA repair enzymes. Biochimie 2013; 95:1629-39. [PMID: 23707664 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Identifying agents that activate nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of various cytoprotective antioxidant, and detoxifying enzymes has evolved as a promising strategy for cancer chemoprevention. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of structurally diverse phytochemicals- astaxanthin, blueberry, chlorophyllin, ellagic acid, and theaphenon-E on Nrf2 signaling, and xenobiotic-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model. We observed that these phytochemicals induce nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 while downregulating its negative regulator, Keap-1. This was associated with reduced expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, the cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the activation of DMBA, and the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine coupled with upregulation of the phase II detoxification enzymes glutathione S-transferases and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, these dietary phytochemicals also enhanced the DNA repair enzymes 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1), xeroderma pigmentosum D (XPD), xeroderma pigmentosum G (XPG), and x-ray repair cross complementing group 1 (XRCC1). Our data provide substantial evidence that the dietary phytochemicals inhibit the development of HBP carcinomas through the activation of Nrf2/Keap-1 signaling and by upregulating cytoprotective enzymes. The extent of the chemopreventive effects of the phytochemicals was in the order: chlorophyllin > blueberry > ellagic acid > astaxanthin > theaphenon-E. Thus these dietary phytochemicals that function as potent activators of Nrf2 and its orchestrated response are novel candidates for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kavitha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nagini S, Siddavaram N, Vidya Priyadarsini R, Ramamurthi VP, Veeravarmal V, Veeran V, Mishra R. Chlorophyllin abrogates canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and angiogenesis to inhibit the development of DMBA-induced hamster cheek pouch carcinomas. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2012; 35:385-95. [PMID: 22983718 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorophyllin, a water soluble semi-synthetic food-grade derivative is reported to exhibit a wide range of beneficial health effects. We investigated the effect of chlorophyllin supplementation on Wnt/β-catenin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model. METHODS AND RESULTS Hamsters were divided into 4 groups. The right buccal pouches of group 1 and 2 hamsters were painted with 0.5 % DMBA for 14 weeks. Group 2 animals received in addition chlorophyllin (4 mg/kg bw) in the diet. Group 3 animals received chlorophyllin alone and group 4 animals served as control. mRNA and protein expression of components of Wnt, VEGF, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Dietary chlorophyllin administration suppressed the development of HBP carcinomas by altering the expression of several components of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This was associated with inhibition of angiogenesis as evidenced by decreased expression of the proangiogenic factors HIF-1α, VEGF, and VEGFR2. Chlorophyllin administration also downregulated the expression of histone deacetylases involved in epigenetic regulation of tumor angiogenesis. CONCLUSION Dietary chlorophyllin that abrogates Wnt/β-catenin and VEGF signaling by targeting a multitude of key signaling molecules is an attractive candidate for preventing tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gene expression signature of DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinomas: modulation by chlorophyllin and ellagic acid. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34628. [PMID: 22485181 PMCID: PMC3317635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyllin (CHL), a water-soluble, semi-synthetic derivative of chlorophyll and ellagic acid (EA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound in berries, grapes, and nuts have been reported to exert anticancer effects in various human cancer cell lines and in animal tumour models. The present study was undertaken to examine the mechanism underlying chemoprevention and changes in gene expression pattern induced by dietary supplementation of chlorophyllin and ellagic acid in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model by whole genome profiling using pangenomic microarrays. In hamsters painted with DMBA, the expression of 1,700 genes was found to be altered significantly relative to control. Dietary supplementation of chlorophyllin and ellagic acid modulated the expression profiles of 104 and 37 genes respectively. Microarray analysis also revealed changes in the expression of TGFβ receptors, NF-κB, cyclin D1, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that may play a crucial role in the transformation of the normal buccal pouch to a malignant phenotype. This gene expression signature was altered on treatment with chlorophyllin and ellagic acid. Our study has also revealed patterns of gene expression signature specific for chlorophyllin and ellagic acid exposure. Thus dietary chlorophyllin and ellagic acid that can reverse gene expression signature associated with carcinogenesis are novel candidates for cancer prevention and therapy.
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