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Wang W, Miao Z, Qi X, Wang B, Liu Q, Shi X, Xu S. LncRNA Tug1 relieves the steatosis of SelenoF-knockout hepatocytes via sponging miR-1934-3p. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:3175-3195. [PMID: 37721623 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction associated with fatty liver disease (MAFLD), always accompanied by disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism, is becoming the most difficult obstacle in the next decades. In the current research, we uncover that the potent non-coding RNA Tug1, which is related to metabolic enzymes, regulates hepatocytes steatosis induced by sodium palmitate via miR-1934-3p absorbing. The knockdown of lncRNA-Tug1 distinctly rescues the increased expression level of glycolytic enzymes and fatty acid synthetase via releasing more mature miR-1934-3p in hepatocytes. Moreover, miR-1934-3p suppresses Selenoprotein F (SelenoF) through binding with the SelenoF 3'UTR effectors; importantly, we demonstrated that the deletion of SelenoF consistent with the lncRNA-Tug1's effecting on metabolism enzymes. In the current paper, the interaction of Tug1/miR-1934-3p/SelenoF was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter system, and IRS1/AKT pathway possesses the essential role in glucolipid metabolism when SelenoF is deleted. We concluded that lncRNA Tug1 functioned as ceRNA to alleviate steatosis and glycolysis in hepatocytes of C57BL/6 through adsorbing miR-1934-3p to release SelenoF and triggering IRS/AKT pathway. The Tug1/miR-1934-3p/SelenoF constructed the ceRNA interact network Selenoprotein F accelerates glucolipid metabolism via IRS1/AKT pathway SelenoF-/- alleviates steatosis in mice liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiruo Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Al-Kouh A, Babiker F, Al-Bader M. Renin-Angiotensin System Antagonism Protects the Diabetic Heart from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Variable Hyperglycemia Duration Settings by a Glucose Transporter Type 4-Mediated Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:238. [PMID: 37259385 PMCID: PMC9967344 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, specifically, the ischemic heart diseases (IHD). The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) affects the heart directly and indirectly. However, its role in the protection of the heart against I/R injury is not completely understood. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and Angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) blocker or a combination thereof in protection of the heart from I/R injury. METHODS Hearts isolated from adult male Wistar rats (n = 8) were subjected to high glucose levels; acute hyperglycemia or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were used in this study. Hearts were subjected to I/R injury, treated with Captopril, an ACE inhibitor; Losartan, an AT1R antagonist; or a combination thereof. Hemodynamics data were measured using a suitable software for that purpose. Additionally, infarct size was evaluated using 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The levels of apoptosis markers (caspase-3 and -8), antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Captopril and Losartan alone or in combination abolished the effect of I/R injury in hearts subjected to acute hyperglycemia or STZ-induced diabetes. There was a significant (p < 0.05) recovery in hemodynamics, infarct size, and apoptosis markers following the treatment with Captopril, Losartan, or their combination. Treatment with Captopril, Losartan, or their combination significantly (p < 0.05) reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased GLUT-4 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS The blockade of the RAS system protected the diabetic heart from I/R injury. This protection followed a pathway that utilizes GLUT-4 to decrease the apoptosis markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and to increase the anti-inflammatory cytokines. This protection seems to employ a pathway which is not involving ERK1/2 and eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fawzi Babiker
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
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Shin HJ, Ko E, Jun I, Kim HJ, Lim CH. Effects of perioperative erythropoietin administration on acute kidney injury and red blood cell transfusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28920. [PMID: 35244046 PMCID: PMC8896477 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The renoprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO) are well-known; however, the optimal timing of EPO administration remains controversial. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is an independent risk factor for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EPO on CSA-AKI and RBC transfusion according to the timing of administration. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases for randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was the incidence of CSA-AKI following perioperative EPO administration, and the secondary outcomes were changes in serum creatinine, S-cystatin C, S-neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, volume of RBC transfusion, and mortality. The subgroup analysis was stratified according to the timing of EPO administration in relation to surgery. RESULTS Eight randomized controlled trials with 610 patients were included in the study. EPO administration significantly decreased the incidence of CSA-AKI (odds ratio: 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43-0.85, P = .004; I2 = 52%; P for heterogeneity = .04), intra-operative RBC transfusion (standardized mean difference: -0.30, 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.05, P = .02; I2 = 15%, P for heterogeneity = .31), and hospital length of stay (mean difference: -1.54 days, 95% CI: -2.70 to -0.39, P = .009; I2 = 75%, P for heterogeneity = .001) compared with control groups. Subgroup analyses revealed that pre-operative EPO treatment significantly reduced the incidence of CSA-AKI, intra-operative RBC transfusion, serum creatinine, and length of hospital and ICU stay. CONCLUSION Pre-operative administration of EPO may reduce the incidence of CSA-AKI and RBC transfusion, but not in patients administered EPO during the intra-operative or postoperative period. Therefore, pre-operative EPO treatment can be considered to improve postoperative outcomes by decreasing the length of hospital and ICU stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Ju Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Jun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Evidence-based Medicine Cochrane Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon Hak Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ma H, Hao J, Liu H, Yin J, Qiang M, Liu M, He S, Zeng D, Liu X, Lian C, Gao Y. Peoniflorin Preconditioning Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibiting Myocardial Apoptosis: RISK Pathway Involved. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:1149-1165. [PMID: 34596828 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Preconditioning with Peoniflorin, a component of traditional Chinese prescriptions, was proposed to be a potential strategy for cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the cardioprotective effect of Peoniflorin preconditioning has not been thoroughly confirmed, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we examined the cardioprotective effect and its mechanism of Peoniflorin preconditioning against myocardial I/R injury. Rats were subjected to 30 min of transient ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion with or without Peoniflorin (100 mg/kg) prior to reperfusion. Peoniflorin preconditioning significantly limited myocardial infarct size and reperfusion arrhythmias, as well as obviously attenuated the histomorphological and micromorphological damages induced by I/R injury. The reduced myocardial injury was also associated with the anti-apoptotic effect of Peoniflorin, as evidence by decreased TUNEL-positive cells, upregulation of BCL-2 expression, and downregulation of Bax and caspase-3 expression. In an effort to evaluate the mechanism responsible for the observed cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effect, Western blot of phosphorylated protein was performed after 20 min of reperfusion. Results showed that Peoniflorin preconditioning activated both the Akt and ERK1/2 arm of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway. To further confirm this mechanism, the PI3K signaling inhibitor LY294002 and ERK1/2 signaling inhibitor PD98059 were administered in vivo. The cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of Peoniflorin preconditioning were diminished but not abolished by pretreatment with LY294002 or PD98059. Taken together, these results indicate that Peoniflorin preconditioning protects the myocardial against I/R injury and inhibits myocardial apoptosis via the activation of the RISK pathway, highlighting the potential therapeutic effects of Peoniflorin on reducing myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongen Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring RoadBeilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiping Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring RoadBeilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Medical College of Yan'an University, No. 38 Guanghua RoadBaota District, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Medical College of Yan'an University, No. 38 Guanghua RoadBaota District, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingmin Qiang
- Medical College of Yan'an University, No. 38 Guanghua RoadBaota District, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meilin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring RoadBeilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaohui He
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring RoadBeilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Di Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 1 Xinsi RoadBaqiao District, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiongtao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 1 Xinsi RoadBaqiao District, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 1 Xinsi RoadBaqiao District, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring RoadBeilin District, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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Ihenacho UK, Meacham KA, Harwig MC, Widlansky ME, Hill RB. Mitochondrial Fission Protein 1: Emerging Roles in Organellar Form and Function in Health and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660095. [PMID: 33841340 PMCID: PMC8027123 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) was identified in yeast as being essential for mitochondrial division or fission and subsequently determined to mediate human mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. Yet, its exact functions in humans, especially in regard to mitochondrial fission, remains an enigma as genetic deletion of Fis1 elongates mitochondria in some cell types, but not others. Fis1 has also been identified as an important component of apoptotic and mitophagic pathways suggesting the protein may have multiple, essential roles. This review presents current perspectives on the emerging functions of Fis1 and their implications in human health and diseases, with an emphasis on Fis1's role in both endocrine and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey A. Meacham
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Megan Cleland Harwig
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michael E. Widlansky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - R. Blake Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: R. Blake Hill,
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Gong J, Zhou F, Wang SXX, Xu J, Xiao F. Caveolin-3 protects diabetic hearts from acute myocardial infarction/reperfusion injury through β2AR, cAMP/PKA, and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14300-14313. [PMID: 32692723 PMCID: PMC7425465 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) might increase the incidence and mortality of cardiac failure after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients. We attempted to investigate whether Caveolin-3 showed beneficial effects in DM patient post-MI injury through the cAMP/PKA and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways. The activity of ADRB2 and cAMP/PKA signaling were impaired in nondiabetic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group compared with the sham and DM groups and were more impaired in diabetic I/R group than in the I/R group. In H9C2 cells, high-glucose (HG) stimulation further enhanced H/R injury by promoting cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell viability, and suppressing TrkB and Akt signaling; in contrast, the ADRB2 agonist isoprenaline (ISO) significantly attenuated the above-described effects of HG stimulation. Caveolin-3 overexpression promoted the localization of ADRB2 on the membrane of the HG-stimulated H9C2 cells, subsequently inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cell viability. Under HG stimulation, Caveolin-3 overexpression enhanced the activity of the cAMP/PKA and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways, whereas ADRB2 silencing reversed the effects of Caveolin-3 overexpression. In conclusion, ADRB2 agonist promoted the activity of the BDNF/TrkB and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways, mitigating the HG-aggravated H/R injuries in H9C2 cells. Caveolin-3 exerts a protective effect on diabetic hearts against I/R damage through the β2AR, cAMP/PKA, and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Simin Xie Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Junmei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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Russell JS, Griffith TA, Peart JN, Headrick JP. Cardiomyoblast caveolin expression: effects of simulated diabetes, α-linolenic acid, and cell signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C11-C20. [PMID: 32348174 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00499.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Caveolins regulate myocardial substrate handling, survival signaling, and stress resistance; however, control of expression is incompletely defined. We test how metabolic features of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and modulation of cell signaling, influence caveolins in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Cells were exposed to glucose (25 vs. 5 mM), insulin (100 nM), or palmitate (0.1 mM), individually or combined, and the effects of adenylate cyclase (AC) activation (50 μM forskolin), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) or protein kinase C β2 (PKCβ2) inhibition (1 μM FAK inhibitor 14 or CGP-53353, respectively) or the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) α-linolenic acid (ALA; 10 μM) were tested. Simulated T2D (elevated glucose + insulin + palmitate) depressed caveolin-1 and -3 without modifying caveolin-2. Caveolin-3 repression was primarily palmitate dependent, whereas high glucose (HG) and insulin independently increased caveolin-3 (while reducing expression when combined). Differential control was evident: baseline caveolin-3 was suppressed by FAK/PKCβ2 and insensitive to AC activities, with baseline caveolin-1 and -2 suppressed by AC and insensitive to FAK/PKCβ2. Forskolin and ALA selectively preserved caveolin-3 in T2D cells, whereas PKCβ2 and FAK inhibition increased caveolin-3 under all conditions. Despite preservation of caveolin-3, ALA did not modify nucleosome content (apoptosis marker) or transcription of proinflammatory mediators in T2D cells. In summary, caveolin-1 and -3 are strongly repressed with simulated T2D, with caveolin-3 particularly sensitive to palmitate; intrinsic PKCβ2 and FAK activities depress caveolin-3 in healthy and stressed cells; ALA and AC activation and PKCβ2 inhibition preserve caveolin-3 under T2D conditions; and caveolin-3 changes with T2D and ALA appear unrelated to inflammatory signaling or extent of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S Russell
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tia A Griffith
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - John P Headrick
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
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Yao W, Han X, Ge M, Chen C, Xiao X, Li H, Hei Z. N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) methylation in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:478. [PMID: 32581252 PMCID: PMC7314846 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is common during surgery and often results in organ dysfunction. The mechanisms of I/R injury are complex, diverse, and not well understood. RNA methylation is a novel epigenetic modification that is involved in the regulation of various biological processes, such as immunity, response to DNA damage, tumorigenesis, metastasis, stem cell renewal, fat differentiation, circadian rhythms, cell development and differentiation, and cell division. Research on RNA modifications, specifically N6-methyladenosine (m6A), have confirmed that they are involved in the regulation of organ I/R injury. In this review, we summarized current understanding of the regulatory roles and significance of m6A RNA methylation in I/R injury in different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Mian Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chaojin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Corrigan-Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Cao C, Liu HM, Li W, Wu Y, Leng Y, Xue R, Chen R, Tang LH, Sun Q, Xia Z, Tang QZ, Shen DF, Meng QT. Role of adiponectin in diabetes myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and ischemic postconditioning. Acta Cir Bras 2020; 35:e202000107. [PMID: 32215448 PMCID: PMC7092667 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020200010000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with diabetes are vulnerable to myocardial I/R (ischaemia/reperfusion) injury, but are not responsive to IPO (ischaemic post-conditioning). We hypothesized that decreased cardiac Adiponectin (APN) is responsible for the loss of diabetic heart sensitivity to IPO cardioprotecton. Methods Diabetic rats were subjected to I/R injury (30 min of LAD occlusion followed by 120 min of reperfusion). Myocardial infarct area was determined by TTC staining. Cardiac function was monitored by a microcatheter. ANP, 15-F2t-isoprostane, nitrotyrosine and MDA were measured by assay kits. Levels of p-Akt, total-Akt and GAPDH were determined by Western Blot. Results Diabetic rats subjected to myocardial IR exhibited severe myocardial infarction and oxidative stress injury, lower APN in the plasma and cardiac p-Akt expression ( P <0.05). IPO significantly attenuated myocardial injury and up-regulated plasma APN content and cardiac p-Akt expression in non-diabetic rats but not in diabetic rats. Linear correlation analysis showed that the expression of adiponectin was positively correlated with p-Akt and negatively correlated with myocardial infarction area ( P <0.01). Conclusion Protective effect of IPO was tightly correlated with the expression of adiponectin, exacerbation of I/R injury and ineffectiveness of IPO was partially due to the decline of adiponectin and inactivation of Akt in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Li
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Yan Leng
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Hubei University of Medicine, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | | | - Qian Sun
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
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Russell JS, Griffith TA, Helman T, Du Toit EF, Peart JN, Headrick JP. Chronic type 2 but not type 1 diabetes impairs myocardial ischaemic tolerance and preconditioning in C57Bl/6 mice. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:1868-1880. [PMID: 31535419 DOI: 10.1113/ep088024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS • What is the central question of this study? What is the impact of chronic adult-onset diabetes on cardiac ischaemic outcomes and preconditioning? • What is the main finding and its importance? Chronic adult-onset type 2 but not type 1 diabetes significantly impairs myocardial ischaemic tolerance and ischaemic preconditioning. Preconditioning may be detrimental in type 2 diabetes, exaggerating nitrosative stress and apoptotic protein expression. ABSTRACT Effects of diabetes on myocardial responses to ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) and cardioprotective stimuli remain contentious, potentially reflecting influences of disease duration and time of onset. Chronic adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were modelled non-genetically in male C57Bl/6 mice via 5 × 50 mg kg-1 daily streptozotocin (STZ) injections + 12 weeks' standard chow or 1 × 75 mg kg-1 STZ injection + 12 weeks' obesogenic diet (32% calories as fat, 57% carbohydrate, 11% protein), respectively. Systemic outcomes were assessed and myocardial responses to I-R ± ischaemic preconditioning (IPC; 3 × 5 min I-R) determined in Langendorff perfused hearts. Uncontrolled T1D was characterised by pronounced hyperglycaemia (25 mm fasting glucose), glucose intolerance and ∼10% body weight loss, whereas T2D mice exhibited moderate hyperglycaemia (15 mm), hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance and 17% weight gain. Circulating ghrelin, resistin and noradrenaline were unchanged with T1D, while leptin increased and noradrenaline declined in T2D mice. Ischaemic tolerance and IPC were preserved in T1D hearts. In contrast, T2D worsened post-ischaemic function (∼40% greater diastolic and contractile dysfunction) and cell death (100% higher troponin efflux), and abolished IPC protection. Whereas IPC reduced post-ischaemic nitrotyrosine and pro-apoptotic Bak and Bax levels in non-diabetic hearts, these effects were reduced in T1D and IPC augmented Bax and nitrosylation in T2D hearts. The data demonstrate chronic T1D does not inhibit myocardial I-R tolerance or IPC, whereas metabolic and endocrine disruption in T2D is associated with ischaemic intolerance and inhibition of IPC. Indeed, normally protective IPC may exaggerate damage mechanisms in T2D hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S Russell
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, 4217, Australia
| | - Tia A Griffith
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, 4217, Australia
| | - Tessa Helman
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, 4217, Australia
| | - Eugene F Du Toit
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, 4217, Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, 4217, Australia
| | - John P Headrick
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, 4217, Australia
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Soares ROS, Losada DM, Jordani MC, Évora P, Castro-E-Silva O. Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Revisited: An Overview of the Latest Pharmacological Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205034. [PMID: 31614478 PMCID: PMC6834141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) permeates a variety of diseases and is a ubiquitous concern in every transplantation proceeding, from whole organs to modest grafts. Given its significance, efforts to evade the damaging effects of both ischemia and reperfusion are abundant in the literature and they consist of several strategies, such as applying pre-ischemic conditioning protocols, improving protection from preservation solutions, thus providing extended cold ischemia time and so on. In this review, we describe many of the latest pharmacological approaches that have been proven effective against IRI, while also revisiting well-established concepts and presenting recent pathophysiological findings in this ever-expanding field. A plethora of promising protocols has emerged in the last few years. They have been showing exciting results regarding protection against IRI by employing drugs that engage several strategies, such as modulating cell-surviving pathways, evading oxidative damage, physically protecting cell membrane integrity, and enhancing cell energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele M Losada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Maria C Jordani
- Department of Surgery & Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Évora
- Department of Surgery & Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- Department of Gastroenterology, São Paulo Medical School, University of São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Orlando Castro-E-Silva
- Department of Surgery & Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- Department of Gastroenterology, São Paulo Medical School, University of São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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Yang Y, Zhao M, Yu XJ, Liu LZ, He X, Deng J, Zang WJ. Pyridostigmine regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis to reduce myocardial vulnerability to injury in diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E312-E326. [PMID: 31211620 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00569.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic patients are more susceptible to myocardial ischemia damage than nondiabetic patients, with worse clinical outcomes and greater mortality. The mechanism may be related to glucose metabolism, mitochondrial homeostasis, and oxidative stress. Pyridostigmine may improve vagal activity to protect cardiac function in cardiovascular diseases. Researchers have not determined whether pyridostigmine regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis to reduce myocardial vulnerability to injury in diabetic mice. In the present study, autonomic imbalance, myocardial damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress were exacerbated in isoproterenol-stimulated diabetic mice, revealing the myocardial vulnerability of diabetic mice to injury compared with mice with diabetes or exposed to isoproterenol alone. Compared with normal mice, the expression of glucose transporters (GLUT)1/4 phosphofructokinase (PFK) FB3, and pyruvate kinase isoform (PKM) was decreased in diabetic mice, but increased in isoproterenol-stimulated normal mice. Following exposure to isoproterenol, the expression of (GLUT)1/4 phosphofructokinase (PFK) FB3, and PKM decreased in diabetic mice compared with normal mice. The downregulation of SIRT3/AMPK and IRS-1/Akt in isoproterenol-stimulated diabetic mice was exacerbated compared with that in diabetic mice or isoproterenol-stimulated normal mice. Pyridostigmine improved vagus activity, increased GLUT1/4, PFKFB3, and PKM expression, and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress to reduce myocardial damage in isoproterenol-stimulated diabetic mice. Based on these results, it was found that pyridostigmine may reduce myocardial vulnerability to injury via the SIRT3/AMPK and IRS-1/Akt pathways in diabetic mice with isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage. This study may provide a potential therapeutic target for myocardial damage in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Zhu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
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13
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Li J, Zhao Y, Zhou N, Li L, Li K. Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetes Mellitus by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:7869318. [PMID: 31886285 PMCID: PMC6914963 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7869318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) combined with myocardial ischemia, how to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in DM patients has become a major problem faced by clinicians. We investigated the therapeutic effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in DM rats and its effect on endoplasmic reticulum stress. METHODS SD rats with SPF grade were randomly divided into 6 groups: non-DM rats were divided into the sham operation group (NDM-S group), ischemia-reperfusion group (NDM-IR group), and dexmedetomidine group (NDM-DEX group); DM rats were divided into the diabetic sham operation group (DM-S group), diabetes-reperfusion group (DM-IR group), and diabetes-dexmedetomidine (DM-DEX) group, with 10 rats in each group. Then the effects of DEX on the changes of CK-MB and cTnT levels were examined. The effects of myocardial pathological damage and myocardial infarct size were detected. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected. The apoptosis of heart tissue cells was also tested through the expressions of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins. The expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins GRP78, CHOP, ERO1α, ERO1β, and PDI was examined. The hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury cell model was established, the effects of DEX, DEX+ ERS agonist on cell apoptosis was also detected. RESULTS The myocardial damage of DM-IR was more severe than that of NDM-IR rats. DEX could reduce the expression of CK-MB and cTnT, reduce pathological damage, and reduce scar formation and improve fibrosis. DEX can reduce the expression of GRP78, CHOP, ERO1α, ERO1β, and PDI proteins in vivo and in vitro. And the effect of DEX on cell apoptosis could be blocked by ERS agonist. CONCLUSION DEX attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in DM rats and H/R injury cell, which is associated with the reduction of ERS-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Creatine Kinase, MB Form/blood
- Dexmedetomidine/pharmacology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Fibrosis
- Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/complications
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Protein Disulfide-Isomerases/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Transcription Factor CHOP/metabolism
- Troponin T/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun Jilin 130021, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesia, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Longyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
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14
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Bakhta O, Blanchard S, Guihot AL, Tamareille S, Mirebeau-Prunier D, Jeannin P, Prunier F. Cardioprotective Role of Colchicine Against Inflammatory Injury in a Rat Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2018; 23:446-455. [PMID: 29658326 DOI: 10.1177/1074248418763611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. A clinical trial has recently reported a smaller infarct size in a cohort of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI) treated with a short colchicine course. The mechanism underlying colchicine-induced cardioprotection in the early MI phase remains unclear. We hypothesized that a short pretreatment with colchicine could induce acute beneficial effects by protecting the heart against inflammation in myocardial I/R injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were subjected to 40-minute left anterior descending coronary occlusion, followed by 120-minute reperfusion. Colchicine (0.3 mg/kg) or a vehicle was administered per os 24 hours and immediately before surgery. Infarct size was significantly reduced in the colchicine group (35.6% ± 3.0% vs 46.6% ± 3.3%, P < .05). The beneficial effects of colchicine were associated with an increased systemic interleukin-10 (IL-10) level and decreased cardiac transforming growth factor-β level. Interleukin-1β was found to increase in a "time of reperfusion"-dependent manner. Colchicine inhibited messenger RNA expression of caspase-1 and pro-IL-18. Interleukin-1β injected 10 minutes prior to myocardial ischemia induced greater infarct size (58.0% ± 2.0%, P < .05) as compared to the vehicle. Colchicine combined to IL-1β injection significantly decreased infarct size (47.1% ± 2.2%, P < .05) as compared to IL-1β alone, while colchicine alone exhibited a significantly more marked cardioprotective effect than the colchicine-IL-1β association. CONCLUSION The cardioprotection induced by a short colchicine pretreatment was associated with an anti-inflammatory effect in the early reperfusion phase in our rat MI model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Bakhta
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,2 Institut MITOVASC, UMR INSERM U1083 and CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Simon Blanchard
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,3 CHU Angers, Angers, France.,4 U1232, Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, Center of Immunology and Cancer Research Nantes Angers, Angers, France
| | - Anne-Laure Guihot
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,2 Institut MITOVASC, UMR INSERM U1083 and CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Sophie Tamareille
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,2 Institut MITOVASC, UMR INSERM U1083 and CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Mirebeau-Prunier
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,2 Institut MITOVASC, UMR INSERM U1083 and CNRS 6015, Angers, France.,3 CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pascale Jeannin
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,3 CHU Angers, Angers, France.,4 U1232, Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, Center of Immunology and Cancer Research Nantes Angers, Angers, France
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- 1 Université Angers, Angers, France.,2 Institut MITOVASC, UMR INSERM U1083 and CNRS 6015, Angers, France.,3 CHU Angers, Angers, France
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15
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Onal EM, Sag AA, Sal O, Yerlikaya A, Afsar B, Kanbay M. Erythropoietin mediates brain-vascular-kidney crosstalk and may be a treatment target for pulmonary and resistant essential hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:197-209. [PMID: 28448184 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1246565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organ crosstalk pathways represent the next frontier for target-mining in molecular medicine for existing syndromes. Pulmonary hypertension and resistant essential hypertension are syndromes that have been proven elusive in etiology, and frequently refractory to first-line management. Underlying crosstalk mechanisms, not yet considered in these treatments, may hinder outcomes or unlock novel treatments. This review focuses systematically on erythropoietin, a synthesizable molecule, as a mediator of brain-kidney crosstalk. Insights gained from this review will be applied to cardiovascular diseases in a clinician-directed fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan Alper Sag
- b Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology , Koç University School of Medicine , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Sal
- a School of Medicine , Koç University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | | | - Baris Afsar
- c Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Section of Nephrology , Isparta , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- d Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine , Koç University School of Medicine , Istanbul , Turkey
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16
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Russell J, Du Toit EF, Peart JN, Patel HH, Headrick JP. Myocyte membrane and microdomain modifications in diabetes: determinants of ischemic tolerance and cardioprotection. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:155. [PMID: 29202762 PMCID: PMC5716308 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, predominantly ischemic heart disease (IHD), is the leading cause of death in diabetes mellitus (DM). In addition to eliciting cardiomyopathy, DM induces a ‘wicked triumvirate’: (i) increasing the risk and incidence of IHD and myocardial ischemia; (ii) decreasing myocardial tolerance to ischemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury; and (iii) inhibiting or eliminating responses to cardioprotective stimuli. Changes in ischemic tolerance and cardioprotective signaling may contribute to substantially higher mortality and morbidity following ischemic insult in DM patients. Among the diverse mechanisms implicated in diabetic impairment of ischemic tolerance and cardioprotection, changes in sarcolemmal makeup may play an overarching role and are considered in detail in the current review. Observations predominantly in animal models reveal DM-dependent changes in membrane lipid composition (cholesterol and triglyceride accumulation, fatty acid saturation vs. reduced desaturation, phospholipid remodeling) that contribute to modulation of caveolar domains, gap junctions and T-tubules. These modifications influence sarcolemmal biophysical properties, receptor and phospholipid signaling, ion channel and transporter functions, contributing to contractile and electrophysiological dysfunction, cardiomyopathy, ischemic intolerance and suppression of protective signaling. A better understanding of these sarcolemmal abnormalities in types I and II DM (T1DM, T2DM) can inform approaches to limiting cardiomyopathy, associated IHD and their consequences. Key knowledge gaps include details of sarcolemmal changes in models of T2DM, temporal patterns of lipid, microdomain and T-tubule changes during disease development, and the precise impacts of these diverse sarcolemmal modifications. Importantly, exercise, dietary, pharmacological and gene approaches have potential for improving sarcolemmal makeup, and thus myocyte function and stress-resistance in this ubiquitous metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Russell
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Eugene F Du Toit
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - John P Headrick
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia. .,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4217, Australia.
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17
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Xu W, Yu H, Ma R, Ma L, Liu Q, Shan H, Wu C, Zhang R, Zhou Y, Shan H. Apelin protects against myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100034-100044. [PMID: 29245958 PMCID: PMC5725000 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission plays an important role in ischemic injury of myocardial infarction (MI). Apelin, an endogenous ligand for Apelin receptor, acts as a key modulator of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we examined the effects of Apelin on MI injury and underlying mechanisms. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were treated with Apelin for 4 weeks and then subjected coronary artery ligation (LAD) to induce MI and the protective effects of Apelin on MI injury were evaluated at 6 h post LAD. Mitochondrial fission was significantly increased in MI as evidenced by enhanced expression of phosphorylated Drp1 (p-Drp1ser 616) without affecting total Drp-1 level and degenerative transformation of mitochondria into short rods as typical fission. Apelin markedly inhibited p-Drp1ser 616 and preserved mitochondrial morphology in MI. Similar effects of Apelin were consistently observed in primary cultured cardiomyocytes under hypoxia. Apelin decreased hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis as evidenced by decreased TUNEL-positive cells and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Apelin decreased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and limited the release of cytochrome C and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 both in vivo and in vitro. Finally, Apelin diminished the infarct size and normalized the impaired cardiac function as indicated by rescuing of the decreased ejection faction and fractional shortening in MI mice. In conclusion, Apelin prevented mitochondrial fission by inhibiting p-Drp1Ser616, which prevents loss of MMP and inhibits the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. These results indicate that the inhibition of Drp-1 activation by Apelin is a novel mechanism of cardioprotection against MI injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Department of Histoembryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ruixue Ma
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qiushuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Huitong Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chengyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hongli Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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18
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NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation-Mediated Pyroptosis Aggravates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9743280. [PMID: 29062465 PMCID: PMC5618779 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9743280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) induced nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome triggers sterile inflammatory responses and pyroptosis, which is a proinflammatory form of programmed cell death initiated by the activation of inflammatory caspases. NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays an important role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Our present study investigated whether diabetes aggravated MI/R injury through NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Type 1 diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). MI/R was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD) for 30 minutes followed by 2 h reperfusion. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to high glucose (HG, 30 mM) conditions and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation. The myocardial infarct size, CK-MB, and LDH release in the diabetic rats subjected to MI/R were significantly higher than those in the nondiabetic rats, accompanied with increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased pyroptosis. Inhibition of inflammasome activation with BAY11-7082 significantly decreased the MI/R injury. In vitro studies showed similar effects, as BAY11-7082 or the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, attenuated HG and H/R-induced H9C2 cell injury. In conclusion, hyperglycaemia-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation may be a ROS-dependent process in pyroptotic cell death, and NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis aggravates MI/R injury in diabetic rats.
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19
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Goyal A, Agrawal N. Ischemic preconditioning: Interruption of various disorders. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2017; 29:116-127. [PMID: 28373786 PMCID: PMC5366670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Reperfusion of an ischemic heart is necessary to regain the normal functioning of the heart. However, abrupt reperfusion of an ischemic heart elicits a cascade of adverse events that leads to injury of the myocardium, i.e., ischemia-reperfusion injury. An endogenous powerful strategy to protect the ischemic heart is ischemic preconditioning, in which the myocardium is subjected to short periods of sublethal ischemia and reperfusion before the prolonged ischemic insult. However, it should be noted that the cardioprotective effect of preconditioning is attenuated in some pathological conditions. The aim of this article is to review present knowledge on how menopause and some metabolic disorders such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia affect myocardial ischemic preconditioning and the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
| | - Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
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20
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Qian J, Chen H, Birnbaum Y, Nanhwan MK, Bajaj M, Ye Y. Aleglitazar, a Balanced Dual PPARα and -γ Agonist, Protects the Heart Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 30:129-41. [PMID: 26861490 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-016-6650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether aleglitazar (Ale), a dual PPARα/γ agonist, has additive effects on myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Human cardiomyocytes (HCMs), cardiomyocytes from cardiac-specific PPARγ knockout (MCM-PPARγ (CKO) ) or wild type (MCM-WT) mice were incubated with different concentrations of Ale, and subjected to simulated ischemia-reperfusion (SIR) or normoxic conditions (NSIR). Cell viability, apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were determined. HCMs were transfected with siRNA against PPARα (siPPARα) or PPARγ (siPPARγ) followed by incubation with Ale. PPARα/γ DNA binding capacity was measured. Cell viability, apoptosis and levels of P-AKT and P-eNOS were assessed. Infarct size following 30 min coronary artery occlusion and 24 h reperfusion were assessed in WT and db/db diabetic mice following 3-day pretreatment with vehicle, Ale or glimeperide. RESULTS Ale (at concentrations of 150-600 nM) increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis in HCMs, MCM-WT and MCM-PPAR (CKO) exposed to SIR. In HCM, the protective effect was partially blocked by siPPARα alone or siPPARγ alone, and completely blocked by siPPARα+siPPARγ. Ale increased P-Akt/P-eNOS in HCMs. P-Akt or P-eNOS levels were decreased when PPARα alone, PPARγ alone and especially when both were knocked down. Peritoneal GTTs revealed that db/db mice had developed impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, which were normalized by Ale or glimepiride treatment. Ale, but not glimepiride, limited infarct size in both WT and diabetic mice after ischemia-reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS Ale protects against myocardial apoptosis caused by hypoxia-reoxygenation in vitro and reduces infarct size in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiao Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yochai Birnbaum
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM620, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Manjyot K Nanhwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mandeep Bajaj
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yumei Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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21
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Insights for Oxidative Stress and mTOR Signaling in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury under Diabetes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6437467. [PMID: 28298952 PMCID: PMC5337354 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6437467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) displays a high morbidity. The diabetic heart is susceptible to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Impaired activation of prosurvival pathways, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, increased basal oxidative state, and decreased antioxidant defense and autophagy may render diabetic hearts more vulnerable to MI/R injury. Oxidative stress and mTOR signaling crucially regulate cardiometabolism, affecting MI/R injury under diabetes. Producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), uncoupling nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and disturbing the mitochondrial quality control may be three major mechanisms of oxidative stress. mTOR signaling presents both cardioprotective and cardiotoxic effects on the diabetic heart, which interplays with oxidative stress directly or indirectly. Antihyperglycemic agent metformin and newly found free radicals scavengers, Sirt1 and CTRP9, may serve as promising pharmacological therapeutic targets. In this review, we will focus on the role of oxidative stress and mTOR signaling in the pathophysiology of MI/R injury in diabetes and discuss potential mechanisms and their interactions in an effort to provide some evidence for cardiometabolic targeted therapies for ischemic heart disease (IHD).
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Ding M, Dong Q, Liu Z, Liu Z, Qu Y, Li X, Huo C, Jia X, Fu F, Wang X. Inhibition of dynamin-related protein 1 protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic mice. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:19. [PMID: 28173848 PMCID: PMC5297196 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many cardioprotective pharmacological agents failed to exert their protective effects in diabetic hearts subjected to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). Identify the molecular basis linking diabetes with MI/R injury is scientifically important and may provide effective therapeutic approaches. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission plays an important role in MI/R injury under non-diabetic conditions. Importantly, recent studies indicated that Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission is enhanced in the myocardium of diabetic mice. The above evidences suggested that Drp1 may be one critical molecule linking diabetes with MI/R injury. We hypothesized that inhibition of Drp1 may be effective to reduce MI/R injury in diabetic hearts. Methods High-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were subjected to MI/R or sham operation. Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg), a small molecule inhibitor of Drp1 or vehicle was administrated 15 min before the onset of reperfusion. Outcome measures included mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial function, myocardial injury, cardiac function and oxidative stress. Results Mitochondrial fission was significantly increased following MI/R as evidenced by enhanced translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria and decreased mitochondrial size. Delivery of Mdivi-1 into diabetic mice markedly inhibited Drp1 translocation to the mitochondria and reduced mitochondrial fission following MI/R. Inhibition of Drp1 in diabetic hearts improved mitochondrial function and cardiac function following MI/R. Moreover, inhibition of Drp1 reduced myocardial infarct size and serum cardiac troponin I and lactate dehydrogenase activities. These cardioprotective effects were associated with decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and malondialdehyde production and increased activities of antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase. Conclusions Pharmacological inhibition of Drp1 prevents mitochondrial fission and reduces MI/R injury in diabetic mice. The findings suggest Drp1 may be a potential novel therapeutic target for diabetic cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingge Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhenghua Liu
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yinxian Qu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Cong Huo
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xin Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Delay C, Paradis S, Charles AL, Thaveau F, Chenesseau B, Zoll J, Chakfe N, Geny B, Lejay A. [Skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion and ischemic conditioning pathophysiology-clinical applications for the vascular surgeon]. JOURNAL DE MEDECINE VASCULAIRE 2017; 42:29-38. [PMID: 27989659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmv.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion, which is characterized by deficient oxygen supply and subsequent restoration of blood flow, can cause irreversible damage to tissue. The vascular surgeon is daily faced with ischemia-reperfusion situations. Indeed, arterial clamping induces ischemia, followed by reperfusion when declamping. Mechanisms underlying ischemia-reperfusion injury are complex and multifactorial. Increases in cellular calcium and reactive oxygen species, initiated during ischemia and then amplified upon reperfusion are thought to be the main mediators of reperfusion injury. Mitochondrial dysfunction also plays an important role. Extensive research has focused on increasing skeletal muscle tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury, especially through the use of ischemic conditioning strategies. The purpose of this review is to focus on the cellular responses associated with ischemia-reperfusion, as well as to discuss the effects of ischemic conditioning strategies. This would help the vascular surgeon in daily practice, in order to try to improve surgical outcome in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delay
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - S Paradis
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A L Charles
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - F Thaveau
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - B Chenesseau
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - J Zoll
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - N Chakfe
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France; Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - B Geny
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A Lejay
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France; Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Hyperglycemia attenuates remifentanil postconditioning-induced cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. J Surg Res 2016; 203:483-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Li J, Ren Y, Shi E, Tan Z, Xiong J, Yan L, Jiang X. Inhibition of the Let-7 Family MicroRNAs Induces Cardioprotection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 102:829-835. [PMID: 27217295 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of the let-7 family microRNAs in the myocardium of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was measured, and the cardioprotection of inhibition of let-7 microRNAs against ischemia-reperfusion injury was investigated. METHODS The diabetic rats and nondiabetic rats were subjected to 30 minutes of coronary artery occlusion followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. The infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression of let-7 was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and expressions of insulin receptor (InsR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and the phosphorylation states of Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were analyzed using Western blot. Inhibition of let-7 was performed by local transfection of lentivirus gene transfer vectors containing let-7 antimiR. RESULTS Compared with nondiabetic rats, the expression of let-7 was enhanced in the myocardium of diabetic rats (p = 0.029), whereas expressions of InsR, IGF-1R, and GLUT4 were decreased after ischemia-reperfusion (p < 0.01). Local transfection of the let-7 antimiR markedly inhibited the expression of let-7 (p = 0.038) and improved expressions of InsR, IGF-1R, and GLUT4 in the myocardium of diabetic rats (p < 0.01). The infarct size of diabetic rats was much higher than that of nondiabetic rats (p < 0.0001). Transfection of the let-7 antimiR significantly reduced the infarct size of diabetic rats (p < 0.0001), and such an antiinfarct effect was abolished completely by pretreatment of Akt inhibitor LY294002 or mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of the let-7 family microRNAs improves glucose uptake and insulin resistance in the diabetic myocardium and induces cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury through Akt and mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juchen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixing Ren
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Enyi Shi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhibin Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lihui Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaojing Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Efficacy and Safety of Erythropoietin to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Critical Illness or Perioperative Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 65:593-600. [PMID: 26065644 PMCID: PMC4461384 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to investigate the efficacy and safety of erythropoietin (EPO) to prevent acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with critical illness or perioperative care. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing EPO with placebo for AKI prevention in adult patients with critical illness or perioperative care were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science, and Clinical Trials.gov until October 2014. The outcomes of interest included the incidence of AKI, dialysis requirement, mortality, and adverse event. Fixed effect model was used to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for eligible studies. Results: Ten randomized controlled trials involving 2759 participants were identified and included in the analysis. Compared with placebo, EPO administration did not reduce the incidence of AKI (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.79–1.19; P = 0.782), dialysis requirement (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.31–1.70; P = 0.457), or mortality (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.78–1.18; P = 0.705). Moreover, EPO had no effect on the risk of adverse events, but estimations of RR were difficult due to their relatively infrequent occurrence. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that prophylactic administration of EPO in patients with critical illness or perioperative care does not prevent AKI, dialysis requirement, or mortality.
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Lejay A, Fang F, John R, Van JA, Barr M, Thaveau F, Chakfe N, Geny B, Scholey JW. Ischemia reperfusion injury, ischemic conditioning and diabetes mellitus. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 91:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Rana A, Sharma S. Mechanism of sphingosine-1-phosphate induced cardioprotection against I/R injury in diabetic rat heart: Possible involvement of glycogen synthase kinase 3βand mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:166-73. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Rana
- Department of Pharmacology; ISF College of Pharmacy; Moga Punjab India
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology; ISF College of Pharmacy; Moga Punjab India
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Maladaptive Modulations of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Cardioprotective Pathways Are Involved in Diet-Induced Exacerbation of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3480637. [PMID: 26788246 PMCID: PMC4691622 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3480637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excessive fatty acids and sugars intake is known to affect the development of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction. However, the underlying mechanisms are ill defined. Here we investigated the balance between prosurvival and detrimental pathways within the heart of C57Bl/6 male mice fed a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHF) for 12 weeks and exposed to cardiac ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Dietary manipulation evokes a maladaptive response in heart mice, as demonstrated by the shift of myosin heavy chain isoform content from α to β, the increased expression of the Nlrp3 inflammasome and markers of oxidative metabolism, and the downregulation of the hypoxia inducible factor- (HIF-)2α and members of the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinases (RISK) pathway. When exposed to IR, HFHF mice hearts showed greater infarct size and lactic dehydrogenase release in comparison with SD mice. These effects were associated with an exacerbated overexpression of Nlrp3 inflammasome, resulting in marked caspase-1 activation and a compromised activation of the cardioprotective RISK/HIF-2α pathways. The common mechanisms of damage here reported lead to a better understanding of the cross-talk among prosurvival and detrimental pathways leading to the development of cardiovascular disorders associated with metabolic diseases.
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Maiese K. Erythropoietin and diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2015; 6:1259-1273. [PMID: 26516410 PMCID: PMC4620106 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i14.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 30.4 kDa growth factor and cytokine that governs cell proliferation, immune modulation, metabolic homeostasis, vascular function, and cytoprotection. EPO is under investigation for the treatment of variety of diseases, but appears especially suited for the treatment of disorders of metabolism that include diabetes mellitus (DM). DM and the complications of this disease impact a significant portion of the global population leading to disability and death with currently limited therapeutic options. In addition to its utility for the treatment of anemia, EPO can improve cardiac function, reduce fatigue, and improve cognition in patients with DM as well as regulate cellular energy metabolism, obesity, tissue repair and regeneration, apoptosis, and autophagy in experimental models of DM. Yet, EPO can have adverse effects that involve the vasculature system and unchecked cellular proliferation. Critical to the cytoprotective capacity and the potential for a positive clinical outcome with EPO are the control of signal transduction pathways that include protein kinase B, the mechanistic target of rapamycin, Wnt signaling, mammalian forkhead transcription factors of the O class, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and AMP activated protein kinase. Therapeutic strategies that can specifically target and control EPO and its signaling pathways hold great promise for the development of new and effective clinical treatments for DM and the complications of this disorder.
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SIRT1 protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via activating eNOS in diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:143. [PMID: 26489513 PMCID: PMC4618275 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic patients are more sensitive to myocardial ischemic injury than non-diabetic patients. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent histone deacetylase making the heart more resistant to ischemic injury. As SIRT1 expression is considered to be reduced in diabetic heart, we therefore hypothesized that up-regulation of SIRT1 in the diabetic heart may overcome its increased susceptibility to ischemic injury. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin once to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats received injections of adenoviral vectors encoding SIRT1 (Ad-SIRT1) at five myocardial sites. Four days after adenoviral injection, the rats were subjected to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R). Outcome measures included left ventricular function, infarct size, cellular death and oxidative stress. Results Delivery of Ad-SIRT1 into the hearts of diabetic rats markedly increased SIRT1 expression. Up-regulation of SIRT1 in diabetic hearts improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size to the extent as in non-diabetic animals following MI/R, which was associated with reduced serum creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase activities and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Moreover, Ad-SIRT1 reduced the increase in the superoxide generation and malonaldialdehyde content and simultaneously increased the antioxidant capability. Furthermore, Ad-SIRT1 increased eNOS phosphorylation and reduced eNOS acetylation in diabetic hearts. NOS inhibitor L-NAME inhibited SIRT1-enhanced eNOS phosphorylation, and blunted SIRT1-mediated anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effects and cardioprotection. Conclusions Overexpression of SIRT1 reduces diabetes-exacerbated MI/R injury and oxidative stress via activating eNOS in diabetic rats. The findings suggest SIRT1 may be a promising novel therapeutic target for diabetic cardiac complications.
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Roles of obese-insulin resistance and anti-diabetic drugs on the heart with ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2015; 28:549-62. [PMID: 25283086 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-014-6553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity with insulin resistance is increasing worldwide. This condition is also known as a risk factor of coronary artery disease and associated with increased arrhythmias, impaired left ventricular function, and increased infarct size during cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The proposed mechanisms are due to impaired glucose utilization and pro-survival signaling molecules, and increased inflammatory cytokines, which have been demonstrated in the I/R hearts in various models of obese-insulin resistance. However, the cardiac effects of diets in the I/R heart are still unsettled since several studies reported that high-caloric diet consumption might protect the heart from I/R injury. Although several therapeutic strategies such as anti-diabetic drugs, natural compounds as well as treadmill exercise have been proposed to exert cardioprotection in the I/R heart in obese-insulin resistant animals, some interventions including ischemic post-conditioning failed to protect the heart from I/R injury. In this comprehensive review, reports from both genetic deletion and dietary-induced obese-insulin resistant animal models regarding the effects of obese-insulin resistance on metabolic parameters, cardiac function, infarct size, and molecular mechanisms under I/R injury are summarized. Moreover, the effects of anti-diabetic drugs and other pharmacological interventions on these parameters in an obese-insulin resistant model under I/R injury are also comprehensively summarized and discussed.
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Yang JT, Qian LB, Zhang FJ, Wang J, Ai H, Tang LH, Wang HP. Cardioprotective Effects of Luteolin on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats Are Modulated by eNOS and the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 65:349-56. [PMID: 25502309 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Lambert JP, Nicholson CK, Amin H, Amin S, Calvert JW. Hydrogen sulfide provides cardioprotection against myocardial/ischemia reperfusion injury in the diabetic state through the activation of the RISK pathway. Med Gas Res 2014; 4:20. [PMID: 25525500 PMCID: PMC4269946 DOI: 10.1186/s13618-014-0020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease remains the principal cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic mice display exacerbated injury following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) and are resistant to most therapeutic interventions. We have reported that sodium sulfide (Na2S) therapy confers cardioprotection during MI/R in non-diabetic mice. Here we tested the hypothesis that Na2S therapy would limit the extent of myocardial injury following MI/R when administered at the time of reperfusion. Methods and results Diabetic mice (db/db, 12 weeks of age) were subjected to transient myocardial ischemia for a period of 30 minutes followed by reperfusion up to 24 hours. Na2S (0.05 to 1 mg/kg) or saline (vehicle) was administered into the left ventricular lumen at the time of reperfusion. Na2S therapy significantly decreased myocardial injury in the db/db diabetic mouse, as evidenced by a reduction in infarct size and circulating troponin-I levels. The reduction in myocardial injury was also associated with a reduction in oxidative stress and a decrease in cleaved caspase-3 expression. In an effort to evaluate the signaling mechanism responsible for the observed cardioprotection, additional groups of mice were sacrificed during early reperfusion. Hearts were excised and processed for Western blot analysis. These studies revealed that Na2S therapy activated the Erk1/2 arm of the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase (RISK) pathway. Conclusion These findings provide important information that myocardial Erk1/2 activation by Na2S therapy following MI/R sets into motion events, which ultimately lead to cardioprotection in the setting of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Lambert
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 380 Northyards Boulevard, Suite B, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA
| | - Chad K Nicholson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 380 Northyards Boulevard, Suite B, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA
| | - Hena Amin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 380 Northyards Boulevard, Suite B, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA
| | - Sana Amin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 380 Northyards Boulevard, Suite B, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA
| | - John W Calvert
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 380 Northyards Boulevard, Suite B, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA
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Shi Z, Fu F, Yu L, Xing W, Su F, Liang X, Tie R, Ji L, Zhu M, Yu J, Zhang H. Vasonatrin peptide attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats and underlying mechanisms. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 308:H281-90. [PMID: 25485902 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00666.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases morbidity/mortality of ischemic heart disease. Although atrial natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide reduce the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion damage in nondiabetic rats, whether vasonatrin peptide (VNP), the artificial synthetic chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide, confers cardioprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury, especially in diabetic patients, is still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effects of VNP on ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats and to further elucidate its mechanisms. The high-fat diet-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion operation. VNP treatment (100 μg/kg iv, 10 min before reperfusion) significantly improved the instantaneous first derivation of left ventricle pressure (±LV dP/dtmax) and LV systolic pressure and reduced LV end-diastolic pressure, apoptosis index, caspase-3 activity, plasma creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. Moreover, VNP inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by suppressing glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). These effects were mimicked by 8-bromine-cyclic guanosinemonophosphate (8-Br-cGMP), a cGMP analog, whereas they were inhibited by KT-5823, the selective inhibitor of PKG. In addition, pretreatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a specific inhibitor of ER stress, could not further promote the VNP's cardioprotective effect in diabetic rats. In vitro H9c2 cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation and incubated with or without VNP (10(-8) mol/l). Gene knockdown of PKG1α with siRNA blunted VNP inhibition of ER stress and apoptosis, while overexpression of PKG1α resulted in significant decreased ER stress and apoptosis. VNP protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. These results suggest that VNP may have potential therapeutic value for the diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Shi
- Experiment Teaching Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liming Yu
- Experiment Teaching Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjuan Xing
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feifei Su
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; and
| | - Xiangyan Liang
- Experiment Teaching Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ru Tie
- Experiment Teaching Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lele Ji
- Experiment Teaching Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaozhang Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Experimental Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Experiment Teaching Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China;
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Jun JH, Jun NH, Shim JK, Shin EJ, Kwak YL. Erythropoietin protects myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury under moderate hyperglycemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 745:1-9. [PMID: 25446919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO), an essential hormone for erythropoiesis, provides protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Hyperglycemia during acute myocardial infarction aggravates organ damage and attenuates the efficacies of various protective measures. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of EPO against myocardial I/R injury under a clinically relevant moderate hyperglycemic condition and its associated mechanisms. Eighty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups: normoglycemia-Sham, normoglycemia-I/R-control-saline (IRC), normoglycemia-I/R-EPO (IRE), hyperglycemia-Sham, hyperglycemia-IRC, and hyperglycemia-IRE. The rats received 1.2 g/kg dextrose or same volume of normal saline depending on the group. I/R was induced by a 30 min period of ischemia followed by reperfusion for 4 h. For 1 h before I/R injury, intravenous 4000 IU/kg of EPO was administered. EPO pretreatment significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells and the infarct size compared with those of the control groups. EPO increased GATA-4 phosphorylation and acetylation against I/R in hyperglycemic myocardium. It also enhanced ERK induced GATA-4 post-translational modifications such as increased GATA-4 phosphorylation and acetylation, and decreased GATA-4 ubiquitination following hypoxia-reoxygenation in H9c2 cells in hyperglycemic medium. Increased GATA-4 stability by EPO diminished I/R-related down-regulation of Bcl-2 and reduction of caspase-3 activities in hyperglycemic myocardium. In conclusion, EPO pretreatment before I/R injury conveyed significant myocardial protection under moderate hyperglycemic condition through mechanisms involved in reduction of caspase-3 activity and up-regulation of Bcl-2 in association with enhanced ERK-induced GATA-4 stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hae Jun
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hyung Jun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Shim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Shin
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Lan Kwak
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Rana A, Goyal N, Ahlawat A, Jamwal S, Reddy BVK, Sharma S. Mechanisms involved in attenuated cardio-protective role of ischemic preconditioning in metabolic disorders. Perfusion 2014; 30:94-105. [PMID: 24947460 DOI: 10.1177/0267659114536760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a pathological state which occurs due to severe abrogation of the blood supply (ischemia) to a part of heart, which can cause myocardial damage. The short intermittent cycles of sub-lethal ischemia and reperfusion has shown to improve the tolerance of the myocardium against subsequent prolonged ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury, which is known as ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Although, IPC-induced cardioprotection is well demonstrated in various species, including human beings, accumulated evidence clearly suggests critical abrogation of the beneficial effects of IPC in diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia. Various factors are involved in the attenuation of the cardioprotective effect of preconditioning, such as the reduced release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the over-expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), impairment of mito-KATP channels, the consequent opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), etc. In this review, we have critically discussed the various signaling pathways involved in abrogated preconditioning in chronic diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia. We have also focused on the involvement of PTEN in abrogated preconditioning and the significance of PTEN inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rana
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - N Goyal
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - A Ahlawat
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - S Jamwal
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - B V K Reddy
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - S Sharma
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
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Chen S, An FM, Yin L, Liu AR, Yin DK, Yao WB, Gao XD. Glucagon-like peptide-1 protects hippocampal neurons against advanced glycation end product-induced tau hyperphosphorylation. Neuroscience 2014; 256:137-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Kim JH, Shim JK, Song JW, Song Y, Kim HB, Kwak YL. Effect of erythropoietin on the incidence of acute kidney injury following complex valvular heart surgery: a double blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2013; 17:R254. [PMID: 24156702 PMCID: PMC4056185 DOI: 10.1186/cc13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) is known to provide organ protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury through its pleiotropic properties. The aim of this single-site, randomized, case-controlled, and double-blind study was to investigate the effect of pre-emptive EPO administration on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with risk factors for AKI undergoing complex valvular heart surgery. Methods We studied ninety-eight patients with preoperative risk factors for AKI. The patients were randomly allocated to either the EPO group (n = 49) or the control group (n = 49). The EPO group received 300 IU/kg of EPO intravenously after anesthetic induction. The control group received an equivalent volume of normal saline. AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine >0.3 mg/dl or >50% from baseline. Biomarkers of renal injury were serially measured until five days postoperatively. Results Patient characteristics and operative data, including the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, were similar between the two groups. Incidence of postoperative AKI (32.7% versus 34.7%, P = 0.831) and biomarkers of renal injury including cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin showed no significant differences between the groups. The postoperative increase in interleukin-6 and myeloperoxidase was similar between the groups. None of the patients developed adverse complications related to EPO administration, including thromboembolic events, throughout the study period. Conclusions Intravenous administration of 300 IU/kg of EPO did not provide renal protection in patients who are at increased risk of developing AKI after undergoing complex valvular heart surgery. Trial registration Clinical Trial.gov, NCT01758861
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Abstract
Since diabetic cardiomyopathy was first reported four decades ago, substantial information on its pathogenesis and clinical features has accumulated. In the heart, diabetes enhances fatty acid metabolism, suppresses glucose oxidation, and modifies intracellular signaling, leading to impairments in multiple steps of excitation–contraction coupling, inefficient energy production, and increased susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Loss of normal microvessels and remodeling of the extracellular matrix are also involved in contractile dysfunction of diabetic hearts. Use of sensitive echocardiographic techniques (tissue Doppler imaging and strain rate imaging) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy enables detection of diabetic cardiomyopathy at an early stage, and a combination of the modalities allows differentiation of this type of cardiomyopathy from other organic heart diseases. Circumstantial evidence to date indicates that diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common but frequently unrecognized pathological process in asymptomatic diabetic patients. However, a strategy for prevention or treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy to improve its prognosis has not yet been established. Here, we review both basic and clinical studies on diabetic cardiomyopathy and summarize problems remaining to be solved for improving management of this type of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Miki
- Division of Cardiology, Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South-1 West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
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SIRT1 mediates the protective function of Nkx2.5 during stress in cardiomyocytes. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:364. [PMID: 23744058 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Nkx2.5 plays protective roles in cardiac homeostasis and survival in the postnatal hearts. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that mediate the protective functions of Nkx2.5 remain unknown. Here, we showed that Nkx2.5 was downregulated in response to various stresses and was required for protection against the stress-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, was found to be a direct transcriptional target of Nkx2.5 and was required for the Nkx2.5-mediated protection of cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin (DOX)-induced apoptosis. Moreover, using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Nkx2.5 was able to bind to the SIRT1 promoter and that this binding was significantly decreased in DOX-treated mouse hearts. Furthermore, the cardiac-specific overexpression of SIRT1 decreased the DOX-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in SIRT1 transgenic mouse hearts compared with the hearts of their wild-type littermates. These findings demonstrate that SIRT1 acts as a direct transcriptional target of Nkx2.5 that maintains cardiomyocyte homeostasis and survival.
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Hexokinase cellular trafficking in ischemia-reperfusion and ischemic preconditioning is altered in type I diabetic heart. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:4153-60. [PMID: 23652994 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported to alter the cardiac response to ischemia-reperfusion (IR). In addition, cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is often impaired in diabetes. We have previously shown that the subcellular localisation of the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase (HK) is causally related to IR injury and IPC protective potential. Especially the binding of HK to mitochondria and prevention of HK solubilisation (HK detachment from mitochondria) during ischemia confers cardioprotection. It is unknown whether diabetes affects HK localisation during IR and IPC as compared to non-diabetes. In this study we hypothesize that DM alters cellular trafficking of hexokinase in response to IR and IPC, possibly explaining the altered response to IR and IPC in diabetic heart. Control (CON) and type I diabetic (DM) rat hearts (65 mg/kg streptozotocin, 4 weeks) were isolated and perfused in Langendorff-mode and subjected to 35 min I and 30 min R with or without IPC (3 times 5 min I). Cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions were obtained at (1) baseline, i.e. after IPC but before I, (2) 35 min I, (3) 5 min R and (4) 30 min R. DM improved rate-pressure product recovery (RPP; 71 ± 10 % baseline (DM) versus 9 ± 1 % baseline (CON) and decreased contracture (end-diastolic pressure: 24 ± 8 mmHg (DM) vs 77 ± 4 mmHg (CON)) after IR as compared to control, and was associated with prevention of HK solubilisation at 35 min I. IPC improved cardiac function in CON but not in DM hearts. IPC in CON prevented HK solubilisation at 35 min I and at 5 min R, with a trend for increased mitochondrial HK. In contrast, the non-effective IPC in DM was associated with solubilisation of HK and decreased mitochondrial HK at early reperfusion and a reciprocal behaviour at late reperfusion. We conclude that type I DM significantly altered cellular HK translocation patterns in the heart in response to IR and IPC, possibly explaining altered response to IR and IPC in diabetes.
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Khan AI, Coldewey SM, Patel NSA, Rogazzo M, Collino M, Yaqoob MM, Radermacher P, Kapoor A, Thiemermann C. Erythropoietin attenuates cardiac dysfunction in experimental sepsis in mice via activation of the β-common receptor. Dis Model Mech 2013; 6:1021-30. [PMID: 23519033 PMCID: PMC3701221 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.011908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited evidence that the tissue-protective effects of erythropoietin are mediated by a heterocomplex of the erythropoietin receptor and the β-common receptor (‘tissue-protective receptor’), which is pharmacologically distinct from the ‘classical’ erythropoietin receptor homodimer that is responsible for erythropoiesis. However, the role of the β-common receptor and/or erythropoietin in sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction (a well known, serious complication of sepsis) is unknown. Here we report for the first time that the β-common receptor is essential for the improvements in the impaired systolic contractility afforded by erythropoietin in experimental sepsis. Cardiac function was assessed in vivo (echocardiography) and ex vivo (Langendorff-perfused heart) in wild-type and β-common receptor knockout mice, that were subjected to lipopolysaccharide (9 mg/kg body weight; young mice) for 16–18 hours or cecal ligation and puncture (aged mice) for 24 hours. Mice received erythropoietin (1000 IU/kg body weight) 1 hour after lipopolysaccharide or cecal ligation and puncture. Erythropoietin reduced the impaired systolic contractility (in vivo and ex vivo) caused by endotoxemia or sepsis in young as well as old wild-type mice in a β-common-receptor-dependent fashion. Activation by erythropoietin of the β-common receptor also resulted in the activation of well-known survival pathways (Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways (glycogen synthase kinase-3β, nuclear factor-κB and interleukin-1β). All the above pleiotropic effects of erythropoietin were lost in β-common receptor knockout mice. Erythropoietin attenuates the impaired systolic contractility associated with sepsis by activation of the β-common receptor, which, in turn, results in activation of survival pathways and inhibition of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areeg I Khan
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, The William Harvey Research Institute, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK.
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NDRG2: a newly identified mediator of insulin cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:341. [PMID: 23463182 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Cardiac-derived adiponectin induced by long-term insulin treatment ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in type 1 diabetic mice via AMPK signaling. Basic Res Cardiol 2012; 108:322. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Erythropoietin promotes axonal regeneration after optic nerve crush in vivo by inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Neuropharmacology 2012; 63:1182-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Maiese K, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Wang S. Novel directions for diabetes mellitus drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 8:35-48. [PMID: 23092114 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.736485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus impacts almost 200 million individuals worldwide and leads to debilitating complications. New avenues of drug discovery must target the underlying cellular processes of oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation that can mediate multi-system pathology during diabetes mellitus. AREAS COVERED The authors examine the novel directions for drug discovery that involve: the β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) precursor nicotinamide, the cytokine erythropoietin, the NAD(+)-dependent protein histone deacetylase SIRT1, the serine/threonine-protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and the wingless pathway. Furthermore, the authors present the implications for the targeting of these pathways that oversee gluconeogenic genes, insulin signaling and resistance, fatty acid beta-oxidation, inflammation, and cellular survival. EXPERT OPINION Nicotinamide, erythropoietin, and the downstream pathways of SIRT1, mTOR, forkhead transcription factors, and wingless signaling offer exciting prospects for novel directions of drug discovery for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Future investigations must dissect the complex relationship and fine modulation of these pathways for the successful translation of robust reparative and regenerative strategies against diabetes mellitus and the complications of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- New Jersey Health Sciences University, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Signaling , Newark, NJ 07101, USA.
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Miki T, Itoh T, Sunaga D, Miura T. Effects of diabetes on myocardial infarct size and cardioprotection by preconditioning and postconditioning. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012; 11:67. [PMID: 22694800 PMCID: PMC3461466 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of the current optimal therapy, the mortality of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains high, particularly in cases with diabetes mellitus (DM) as a co-morbidity. Myocardial infarct size is a major determinant of prognosis in IHD patients, and development of a novel strategy to limit infarction is of great clinical importance. Ischemic preconditioning (PC), postconditioning (PostC) and their mimetic agents have been shown to reduce infarct size in experiments using healthy animals. However, a variety of pharmacological agents have failed to demonstrate infarct size limitation in clinical trials. One of the possible reasons for the discrepancy between the results of animal experiments and clinical trials is that co-morbidities, including DM, modified myocardial responses to ischemia/reperfusion and to cardioprotective agents. Here we summarize observations of the effects of DM on myocardial infarct size and ischemic PC and PostC and discuss perspectives for protection of DM hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Miki
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-16, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.
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Cardiac vulnerability to ischemia/reperfusion injury drastically increases in late pregnancy. Basic Res Cardiol 2012; 107:271. [PMID: 22648276 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the murine late pregnant (LP) heart is speculated to be a better functioning heart during physiological conditions, the susceptibility of LP hearts to I/R injury is still unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate the cardiac vulnerability of LP rodents to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to explore its underlying mechanisms. In vivo female rat hearts [non-pregnant (NP) or LP] or ex vivo Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts were subjected to I/R. The infarct size was approximately fourfold larger in LP animals compared with NP both in vivo and ex vivo. The heart functional recovery was extremely poor in LP mice compared with NP (~10% recovery in LP vs. 80% recovery in NP at the end of reperfusion, P < 0.01). Interestingly, the poor functional recovery and the larger infarct size in LP were partially restored one day post-partum and almost fully restored 1 week post-partum to their corresponding NP levels. Mitochondrial respiratory function and the threshold for opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore were significantly lower in LP compared with NP when they both were subjected to myocardial I/R injury [Respiratory control ratio = 1.9 ± 0.1 vs. 4.0 ± 0.5 in NP, P < 0.05; calcium retention capacity (CRC) = 167 ± 10 vs. 233 ± 18 nmol/mg protein in NP, P < 0.01]. Cardiac reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, as well mitochondrial superoxide production, was approximately twofold higher in LP compared with NP following I/R. The phosphorylation levels of Akt, ERK1/2, and STAT3, but not GSK3β, were significantly reduced in the hearts from LP subjected to I/R. In conclusion, increased mitochondrial ROS generation, decreased CRC as well as impaired activation of Akt/ERK/STAT3 at reperfusion are the possible underlying mechanisms for higher vulnerability of LP hearts to I/R.
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Tai W, Shi E, Yan L, Jiang X, Ma H, Ai C. Diabetes abolishes the cardioprotection induced by sevoflurane postconditioning in the rat heart in vivo: roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and its upstream pathways. J Surg Res 2012; 178:96-104. [PMID: 22482760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We measured the cardioprotection afforded by sevoflurane postconditioning in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (DRs) and determined the roles of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in such a procedure. METHODS DRs and nondiabetic rats (NDRs) were subjected to a 30-min coronary artery occlusion followed by a 120-min reperfusion. Postconditioning was achieved by inhalation of 1 minimum alveolar concentration sevoflurane at the first 5 min of reperfusion. The infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Expressions of GSK-3β, Akt, and ERK1/2 were measured using Western blotting. RESULTS In NDRs, the infarct size was significantly decreased from 53.4% ± 7.6% to 34.9% ± 5.6% by sevoflurane postconditioning (P < 0.01). Such an anti-infarct effect was abolished completely in the DRs, as evidenced by a similar infarct size observed between the sevoflurane-treated and untreated DRs (49.3% ± 8.6% and 49.6% ± 9.3%, respectively, P > 0.05). Direct inhibition of GSK-3β by injection of SB216763 just before the start of reperfusion induced equivalent infarct-sparing effects in both NDRs (37.8% ± 3.9% and 53.4% ± 7.6% in SB216763-treated and untreated NDRs, respectively; P < 0.01) and DRs (38.8% ± 3.2% and 49.3% ± 8.6% in SB216763-treated and untreated DRs, respectively; P < 0.05). Sevoflurane postconditioning remarkably enhanced the phosphorylation of GSK-3β Ser(9), Akt Ser(473), and ERK1/2 in NDRs, which were blocked in DRs. CONCLUSIONS The cardioprotection induced by sevoflurane postconditioning is abolished by diabetes. This might be due to the impairment of phosphorylation of GSK-3β and its upstream signaling pathways of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt and ERK1/2 in the presence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Tai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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