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Schuermans S, Kestens C, Marques PE. Systemic mechanisms of necrotic cell debris clearance. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:557. [PMID: 39090111 PMCID: PMC11294570 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Necrosis is an overarching term that describes cell death modalities caused by (extreme) adverse conditions in which cells lose structural integrity. A guaranteed consequence of necrosis is the production of necrotic cell remnants, or debris. Necrotic cell debris is a strong trigger of inflammation, and although inflammatory responses are required for tissue healing, necrotic debris may lead to uncontrolled immune responses and collateral damage. Besides local phagocytosis by recruited leukocytes, there is accumulating evidence that extracellular mechanisms are also involved in necrotic debris clearance. In this review, we focused on systemic clearance mechanisms present in the bloodstream and vasculature that often cooperate to drive the clearance of cell debris. We reviewed the contribution and cooperation of extracellular DNases, the actin-scavenger system, the fibrinolytic system and reticuloendothelial cells in performing clearance of necrotic debris. Moreover, associations of the (mis)functioning of these clearance systems with a variety of diseases were provided, illustrating the importance of the mechanisms of clearance of dead cells in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Schuermans
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caine Kestens
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pedro Elias Marques
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Gu C, Pang B, Sun S, An C, Wu M, Wang N, Yuan Y, Liu G. Neutrophil extracellular traps contributing to atherosclerosis: From pathophysiology to clinical implications. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1302-1312. [PMID: 37452714 PMCID: PMC10625340 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231184217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are network-like structures of chromatin filaments decorated by histones, granules, and cytoplasmic-derived proteins expelled by activated neutrophils under multiple pathogenic conditions. NETs not only capture pathogens in innate immunity but also respond to sterile inflammatory stimuli in atherosclerosis, such as lipoproteins and inflammatory cytokines. Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation and transformation of inflammatory cells, and smooth muscle cells in the intimal space. NETs-derived extracellular components possess toxic and proinflammatory properties leading to cellular dysfunction and tissue damage, which may establish a link among lipid metabolism, inflammatory immunity, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we discuss recent advances regarding the role of NETs engaged in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, particularly focusing on the interaction with lipids and inflammasomes, crosstalk with smooth muscle cells and inflammatory cells, and the association with aging. We also evaluate the current knowledge on the potential of NETs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis and its related diseases in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Gu
- Department of Laboratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Laboratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shipeng Sun
- Department of Laboratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Cheng An
- Department of Laboratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Laboratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Southern District of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 102618, China
| | - Yuliang Yuan
- Department of Laboratory, Southern District of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 102618, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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3
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Richards CM, McRae SA, Ranger AL, Klegeris A. Extracellular histones as damage-associated molecular patterns in neuroinflammatory responses. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:533-558. [PMID: 36368030 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The four core histones H2A, H2B, H3, H4, and the linker histone H1 primarily bind DNA and regulate gene expression within the nucleus. Evidence collected mainly from the peripheral tissues illustrates that histones can be released into the extracellular space by activated or damaged cells. In this article, we first summarize the innate immune-modulatory properties of extracellular histones and histone-containing complexes, such as nucleosomes, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), described in peripheral tissues. There, histones act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are a class of endogenous molecules that trigger immune responses by interacting directly with the cellular membranes and activating pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 4, 9 and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE). We then focus on the available evidence implicating extracellular histones as DAMPs of the central nervous system (CNS). It is becoming evident that histones are present in the brain parenchyma after crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or being released by several types of brain cells, including neurons, microglia, and astrocytes. However, studies on the DAMP-like effects of histones on CNS cells are limited. For example, TLR4 is the only known molecular target of CNS extracellular histones and their interactions with other PRRs expressed by brain cells have not been observed. Nevertheless, extracellular histones are implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurological disorders characterized by sterile neuroinflammation; therefore, detailed studies on the role these proteins and their complexes play in these pathologies could identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Richards
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, BC, Canada
| | - Seamus A McRae
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, BC, Canada
| | - Athena L Ranger
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, BC, Canada
| | - Andis Klegeris
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, BC, Canada
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Vappala S, Smith SA, Kizhakkedathu JN, Morrissey JH. Inhibitors of Polyphosphate and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Semin Thromb Hemost 2023:10.1055/s-0043-1768936. [PMID: 37192652 PMCID: PMC10651799 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The contact pathway of blood clotting has received intense interest in recent years as studies have linked it to thrombosis, inflammation, and innate immunity. Because the contact pathway plays little to no role in normal hemostasis, it has emerged as a potential target for safer thromboprotection, relative to currently approved antithrombotic drugs which all target the final common pathway of blood clotting. Research since the mid-2000s has identified polyphosphate, DNA, and RNA as important triggers of the contact pathway with roles in thrombosis, although these molecules also modulate blood clotting and inflammation via mechanisms other than the contact pathway of the clotting cascade. The most significant source of extracellular DNA in many disease settings is in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which have been shown to contribute to incidence and severity of thrombosis. This review summarizes known roles of extracellular polyphosphate and nucleic acids in thrombosis, with an emphasis on novel agents under current development that target the prothrombotic activities of polyphosphate and NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeparna Vappala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; and Centre for Blood Research, Life Science Institute; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie A. Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; and Centre for Blood Research, Life Science Institute; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry; and School of Biomedical Engineering; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James H. Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Gromova B, Janovicova L, Gardlik R. Low endogenous deoxyribonuclease activity in the colon as a factor contributing to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Med Hypotheses 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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6
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Neutrophil extracellular traps as a unique target in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104499. [PMID: 36870200 PMCID: PMC10009451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a severe dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy and remains a huge clinical challenge. Here, we explore the role of microcirculation hypoxia induced by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the development of CIPN and look for potential treatment. METHODS The expression of NETs in plasma and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) are examined by ELISA, IHC, IF and Western blotting. IVIS Spectrum imaging and Laser Doppler Flow Metry are applied to explore the microcirculation hypoxia induced by NETs in the development of CIPN. Stroke Homing peptide (SHp)-guided deoxyribonuclease 1 (DNase1) is used to degrade NETs. FINDINGS The level of NETs in patients received chemotherapy increases significantly. And NETs accumulate in the DRG and limbs in CIPN mice. It leads to disturbed microcirculation and ischemic status in limbs and sciatic nerves treated with oxaliplatin (L-OHP). Furthermore, targeting NETs with DNase1 significantly reduces the chemotherapy-induced mechanical hyperalgesia. The pharmacological or genetic inhibition on myeloperoxidase (MPO) or peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 (PAD4) dramatically improves microcirculation disturbance caused by L-OHP and prevents the development of CIPN in mice. INTERPRETATION In addition to uncovering the role of NETs as a key element in the development of CIPN, our finding provides a potential therapeutic strategy that targeted degradation of NETs by SHp-guided DNase1 could be an effective treatment for CIPN. FUNDING This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China81870870, 81971047, 81773798, 82271252; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu ProvinceBK20191253; Major Project of "Science and Technology Innovation Fund" of Nanjing Medical University2017NJMUCX004; Key R&D Program (Social Development) Project of Jiangsu ProvinceBE2019732; Nanjing Special Fund for Health Science and Technology DevelopmentYKK19170.
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Han T, Tang H, Lin C, Shen Y, Yan D, Tang X, Guo D. Extracellular traps and the role in thrombosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:951670. [PMID: 36093130 PMCID: PMC9452724 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.951670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombotic complications pose serious health risks worldwide. A significant change in our understanding of the pathophysiology of thrombosis has occurred since the discovery of extracellular traps (ETs) and their prothrombotic properties. As a result of immune cells decondensing chromatin into extracellular fibers, ETs promote thrombus formation by acting as a scaffold that activates platelets and coagulates them. The involvement of ETs in thrombosis has been reported in various thrombotic conditions including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary emboli, acute myocardial infarction, aucte ischemic stroke, and abdominal aortic aneurysms. This review summarizes the existing evidence of ETs in human and animal model thrombi. The authors described studies showing the existence of ETs in venous or arterial thrombi. In addition, we studied potential novel therapeutic opportunities related to the resolution or prevention of thrombosis by targeting ETs.
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Abstract
Despite effective therapeutic and preventive strategies, atherosclerosis and its complications still represent a substantial health burden. Leukocytes and inflammatory mechanisms are increasingly recognized as drivers of atherosclerosis. Neutrophil granulocytes within the circulation were recently shown to undergo neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, linking innate immunity with acute complications of atherosclerosis. In this chapter, we summarize mechanisms of NET formation, evidence for their involvement in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, and potential therapeutic regimens specifically targeting NET components.
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Mangold A, Ondracek AS, Hofbauer TM, Scherz T, Artner T, Panagiotides N, Beitzke D, Ruzicka G, Nistler S, Wohlschläger-Krenn E, Winker R, Quehenberger P, Traxler-Weidenauer D, Spannbauer A, Gyöngyösi M, Testori C, Lang IM. Culprit site extracellular DNA and microvascular obstruction in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2006-2017. [PMID: 34173822 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Extracellular chromatin and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) have been identified as important players of thrombosis, inflammation and homeostasis in a murine model. We previously demonstrated that activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) at the culprit site in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which significantly contribute to extracellular chromatin burden, and are associated with larger infarcts. To understand the correlation between neutrophil activation, extracellular chromatin and infarct size (IS), we investigated these parameters in a porcine myocardial infarction model, and at different time points and sites in a prospective STEMI trial with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) endpoints. METHODS AND RESULTS In a prospective STEMI trial (NCT01777750), 101 STEMI patients were included and blood samples were obtained from first medical contact until 6 months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) including direct sampling from the culprit site. CMR was performed 4 ± 2 days and 6 months after pPCI. Neutrophil counts, markers of extracellular chromatin and inflammation were measured. Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), citrullinated histone 3, nucleosomes, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase and interleukin (IL)-6 were significantly increased, while DNase activity was significantly decreased at the culprit site in STEMI patients. High neutrophil counts and dsDNA levels at the culprit site correlated with high microvascular obstruction (MVO) and low ejection fraction (EF). High DNase activity at the culprit site correlated with low MVO and high EF.In correspondence, dsDNA correlated with IS in the porcine myocardial infarction model. In porcine infarcts, neutrophils and extracellular chromatin were detected in congested small arteries corresponding with MVO. Markers of neutrophil activation, extracellular chromatin, DNase activity and CMR measurements correlated with markers of systemic inflammation C-reactive protein and IL-6 in patients. CONCLUSIONS NETs and extracellular chromatin are important determinants of MVO in STEMI. Rapid degradation of extracellular chromatin by DNases appears to be crucial for microvascular patency and outcome. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE We show that NETs and extracellular DNA obstruct microvessels in the porcine myocardial infarction model and is connected to increased infarct size. We are able to prove this observation in human STEMI patients. DNase is capable to counteract these effects. Extracellular DNA could be a new treatment target in STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mangold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Ondracek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Hofbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Scherz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Landesklinikum Wiener, Neustadt, Austria
| | - Tyler Artner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Noel Panagiotides
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietrich Beitzke
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruzicka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Nistler
- Center of Prevention and Health, Sanatorium Hera, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Robert Winker
- Center of Prevention and Health, Sanatorium Hera, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Quehenberger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Spannbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Testori
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology, Landesklinikum Wiener, Neustadt, Austria
| | - Irene M Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Hofbauer TM, Mangold A, Ondracek AS, Panzenböck A, Scherz T, Müller J, Distelmaier K, Seidl V, Kastl S, Müller-Nurasyid M, Peters A, Strauch K, Winker R, Wohlschläger-Krenn E, Nistler S, Lang IM. Deoxyribonuclease 1 Q222R single nucleotide polymorphism and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:29. [PMID: 33891165 PMCID: PMC8064981 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Upon activation, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which contribute to circulating DNA burden and thrombosis, including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) 1 degrades circulating DNA and NETs. Lower DNase activity correlates with NET burden and infarct size. The DNase 1 Q222R single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), impairing DNase 1 function, is linked with myocardial infarction. We assessed whether the Q222R SNP is connected to increased NET burden in STEMI and influences long-term outcomes. We enrolled 711 STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), and 1422 controls. Genotyping was performed for DNase 1 Q222R SNP. DNase activity, double-stranded (ds)DNA and citrullinated histone H3 were determined in culprit site and peripheral plasma during pPCI. The association of the Q222R variant on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was assessed by multivariable Cox regression adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Homozygous Q222R DNase 1 variant was present in 64 (9.0%) STEMI patients, at the same frequency as in controls. Patients homozygous for Q222R displayed less DNase activity and increased circulating DNA burden. In overall patients, median survival was 60 months. Homozygous Q222R variant was independently associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after STEMI. dsDNA/DNase ratio independently predicted cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. These findings highlight that the Q222R DNase 1 SNP is associated with increased NET burden and decreased compensatory DNase activity, and may serve as an independent risk factor for poor outcome after STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Hofbauer
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Mangold
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Ondracek
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Panzenböck
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Scherz
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Müller
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Seidl
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kastl
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,IBE (Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Winker
- Health and Prevention Center, Sanatorium Hera, Löblichgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sonja Nistler
- Health and Prevention Center, Sanatorium Hera, Löblichgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene M Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Hoffmann DB, Fraccarollo D, Galuppo P, Frantz S, Bauersachs J, Tillmanns J. Genetic ablation of fibroblast activation protein alpha attenuates left ventricular dilation after myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248196. [PMID: 33667270 PMCID: PMC7935287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Regulating excessive activation of fibroblasts may be a promising target to optimize extracellular matrix deposition and myocardial stiffness. Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is upregulated in activated fibroblasts after myocardial infarction (MI), and alters fibroblast migration in vitro. We hypothesized that FAP depletion may have a protective effect on left ventricular (LV) remodeling after MI. Materials and methods We used the model of chronic MI in homozygous FAP deficient mice (FAP-KO, n = 51) and wild type mice (WT, n = 55) to analyze wound healing by monocyte and myofibroblast infiltration. Heart function and remodeling was studied by echocardiography, morphometric analyses including capillary density and myocyte size, collagen content and in vivo cell-proliferation. In non-operated healthy mice up to 6 months of age, morphometric analyses and collagen content was assessed (WT n = 10, FAP-KO n = 19). Results Healthy FAP-deficient mice did not show changes in LV structure or differences in collagen content or cardiac morphology. Infarct size, survival and cardiac function were not different between FAP-KO and wildtype mice. FAP-KO animals showed less LV-dilation and a thicker scar, accompanied by a trend towards lower collagen content. Wound healing, assessed by infiltration with inflammatory cells and myofibroblasts were not different between groups. Conclusion We show that genetic ablation of FAP does not impair cardiac wound healing, and attenuates LV dilation after MI in mice. FAP seems dispensable for normal cardiac function and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic- and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniela Fraccarollo
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paolo Galuppo
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Tillmanns
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Septic shock with multiple organ failure is a devastating situation in clinical settings. Through the past decades, much progress has been made in the management of sepsis and its underlying pathogenesis, but a highly effective therapeutic has not been developed. Recently, macromolecules such as histones have been targeted in the treatment of sepsis. Histones primarily function as chromosomal organizers to pack DNA and regulate its transcription through epigenetic mechanisms. However, a growing body of research has shown that histone family members can also exert cellular toxicity once they relocate from the nucleus into the extracellular space. Heparin, a commonly used anti-coagulant, has been shown to possess life-saving capabilities for septic patients, but the potential interplay between heparin and extracellular histones has not been investigated. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic roles of extracellular histones and the therapeutic roles of heparin in the development and management of sepsis and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care, Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Intensive Care, Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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13
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Targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis - from experimental insights to the clinic. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:589-610. [PMID: 33976384 PMCID: PMC8112476 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a dominant and growing cause of death and disability worldwide, involves inflammation from its inception to the emergence of complications. Targeting inflammatory pathways could therefore provide a promising new avenue to prevent and treat atherosclerosis. Indeed, clinical studies have now demonstrated unequivocally that modulation of inflammation can forestall the clinical complications of atherosclerosis. This progress pinpoints the need for preclinical investigations to refine strategies for combatting inflammation in the human disease. In this Review, we consider a gamut of attractive possibilities for modifying inflammation in atherosclerosis, including targeting pivotal inflammatory pathways such as the inflammasomes, inhibiting cytokines, manipulating adaptive immunity and promoting pro-resolution mechanisms. Along with lifestyle measures, pharmacological interventions to mute inflammation could complement traditional targets, such as lipids and hypertension, to make new inroads into the management of atherosclerotic risk.
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Langseth MS, Andersen GØ, Husebye T, Arnesen H, Zucknick M, Solheim S, Eritsland J, Seljeflot I, Opstad TB, Helseth R. Neutrophil extracellular trap components and myocardial recovery in post-ischemic acute heart failure. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241333. [PMID: 33119664 PMCID: PMC7595325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in acute heart failure is unknown. We recently showed that interleukin 8, a putative NETs stimulator, was associated with myocardial recovery in acute heart failure complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this exploratory post-hoc study, we aimed to investigate the role of NETs components in relation to myocardial function and interleukin 8 in STEMI patients with symptomatic acute heart failure. Methods In 61 STEMI patients developing acute heart failure within 48 hours of successful revascularization, wall motion score index (WMSI), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed by echocardiography at baseline and on day 5. Blood drawn at baseline and days 1, 2 and 5 was used to quantify double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), myeloperoxidase-DNA complexes (MPO-DNA) and citrullinated histone 3 (CitH3). The area under the curve (AUC) of each NETs marker and interleukin 8 was approximated for the first 5 days. Results dsDNAAUC and MPO-DNAAUC correlated significantly with change in WMSI from baseline to day 5 (rs = 0.28 for both, p≤0.05), whereas NETs AUCs did not correlate with changes in GLS and LVEF. dsDNAAUC was significantly correlated with interleukin 8AUC (r = 0.40, p = 0.003). However, mixed model regression could not identify a significant effect of the NETs components on myocardial function parameters. Conclusions In this cohort with acute heart failure complicating STEMI, NETs components were partly correlated with myocardial function and interleukin 8 levels, yet no causal relationship between NETs components and myocardial recovery could be established. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT00324766.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sjåstad Langseth
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken HF, Drammen, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Geir Øystein Andersen
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trygve Husebye
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Arnesen
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Manuela Zucknick
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Solheim
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Eritsland
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Baur Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Helseth
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
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15
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La CC, Takeuchi LE, Abbina S, Vappala S, Abbasi U, Kizhakkedathu JN. Targeting Biological Polyanions in Blood: Strategies toward the Design of Therapeutics. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2595-2621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Ondracek AS, Hofbauer TM, Wurm R, Arfsten H, Seidl V, Früh A, Seidel S, Hubner P, Mangold A, Goliasch G, Heinz G, Lang IM, Sterz F, Adlbrecht C, Distelmaier K. Imbalance between plasma double-stranded DNA and deoxyribonuclease activity predicts mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2020; 151:26-32. [PMID: 32251701 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Despite an increased rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients, almost half of patients do not survive up to hospital discharge. Understanding pathophysiological mechanisms of post-cardiac arrest syndrome is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. During systemic inflammatory responses and concomitant cell death, double-stranded (ds) DNA is released into circulation, exerting pro-inflammatory effects. Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) degrades dsDNA. The role of DNase activity in OHCA survivors and impact on clinical outcome has not been analyzed yet. METHODS In a prospective, single-center study, dsDNA and DNase activity were determined at hospital admission (acute phase) and 24 h (subacute phase) after ROSC. The ratio between dsDNA levels and DNase activity was calculated to determine the extent of dsDNA release in relation to the patients' capacity of degradation. Thirty-day mortality was defined as study end point. RESULTS We enrolled 64 OHCA survivors, of whom 26.6% (n = 17) died within 30 days. A peak of circulating dsDNA was observed at admission which decreased within 24 h. DNase activity did not differ between acute and subacute phase, while dsDNA load per DNase activity significantly decreased. The ratio between dsDNA levels and DNase activity in the subacute phase was the strongest predictor of 30-day mortality with an adjusted HR per 1 SD of 3.59 (95% CI, 1.80-7.18, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Disproportionally increased dsDNA levels uncompensated by DNase activity are a strong predictor of mortality in OHCA survivors. This pilot study points to a potentially protective effect of DNase activity in patients undergoing cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ondracek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - T M Hofbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - R Wurm
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - H Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - V Seidl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - A Früh
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - S Seidel
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - P Hubner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - A Mangold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G Heinz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - I M Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - F Sterz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - C Adlbrecht
- Department of Cardiology, Vienna North Hospital - Clinic Floridsdorf and the Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardiovascular and Critical Care Research, Vienna, Austria.
| | - K Distelmaier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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17
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Double-Stranded DNA and NETs Components in Relation to Clinical Outcome After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5007. [PMID: 32193509 PMCID: PMC7081350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in atherothrombosis; however, their potential role as markers of risk is unclear. We investigated whether circulating NETs-related components associated with clinical outcome and hypercoagulability in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this observational cohort study, STEMI patients admitted for PCI (n = 956) were followed for median 4.6 years, recording 190 events (reinfarction, unscheduled revascularization, stroke, heart failure hospitalization, or death). Serum drawn median 18 hours post-PCI was used to quantify double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and the more specific NETs markers myeloperoxidase-DNA and citrullinated histone 3. Levels of the NETs markers did not differ significantly between groups with/without a primary composite endpoint. However, patients who died (n = 76) had higher dsDNA compared to survivors (p < 0.001). Above-median dsDNA was associated with an increased number of deaths (54 vs. 22, p < 0.001). dsDNA in the upper quartiles (Q) was associated with increased mortality (Q3 vs. Q1 + 2 adjusted HR: 1.89 [95% CI 1.03 to 3.49], p = 0.041 and Q4 vs. Q1 + 2 adjusted HR: 2.28 [95% CI 1.19 to 4.36], p = 0.013). dsDNA was weakly correlated with D-dimer (rs = 0.17, p < 0.001). dsDNA levels associated with increased all-cause mortality, yet weakly with hypercoagulability in STEMI patients. The prognostic significance of potentially NETs-related markers requires further exploration.
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18
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El Ayadi A, Jay JW, Prasai A. Current Approaches Targeting the Wound Healing Phases to Attenuate Fibrosis and Scarring. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031105. [PMID: 32046094 PMCID: PMC7037118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous fibrosis results from suboptimal wound healing following significant tissue injury such as severe burns, trauma, and major surgeries. Pathologic skin fibrosis results in scars that are disfiguring, limit normal movement, and prevent patient recovery and reintegration into society. While various therapeutic strategies have been used to accelerate wound healing and decrease the incidence of scarring, recent studies have targeted the molecular regulators of each phase of wound healing, including the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Here, we reviewed the most recent literature elucidating molecular pathways that can be targeted to reduce fibrosis with a particular focus on post-burn scarring. Current research targeting inflammatory mediators, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and regulators of myofibroblast differentiation shows promising results. However, a multimodal approach addressing all three phases of wound healing may provide the best therapeutic outcome.
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19
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Abstract
Despite an increase in the rates of survival in patients suffering myocardial infarction, as yet there is no therapy specifically targeting ischaemia and reperfusion injury of the myocardium. With a greater understanding of immune activation during infarction, more potential treatment targets are now being identified. The innate immune system is believed to play an important role in the myocardium after ischaemia-driven cardiomyocyte death. The release of intracellular contents including DNA into the extracellular space during necrosis and cell rupture is now believed to create a pro-inflammatory milieu which propagates the inflammatory process. DNA and DNA fragments have been shown to activate the innate immune system by acting as Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs), which act as ligands on toll-like receptors (TLRs). Stimulation of TLRs, in turn, can activate intracellular cell death pathways such as pyroptosis. Here, we review the role of DNA fragments during ischaemia and reperfusion, and assess their potential as a target in the quest to preserve cardiomyocyte viability following myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Shah
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.
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20
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Targeting of cell-free DNA by DNase I diminishes endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in a rat model of cardiopulmonary bypass. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19249. [PMID: 31848423 PMCID: PMC6917735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) results in the activation of leukocytes, release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and severe inflammation. We hypothesize that targeting of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) by DNases might represent a feasible therapeutic strategy to limit CPB-associated side effects. Male Wistar rats (n = 24) underwent CPB with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) and were divided into 3 groups: control (group 1), one i.v. bolus DNase I before CPB start (group 2) and a second DNase I dose before reperfusion (group 3). We found a positive correlation between plasma cfDNA/NETs levels and compromised endothelial vasorelaxation after CPB. DNase I administration significantly diminished plasma cfDNA/NETs levels. Further, a dose-dependent improvement in endothelial function accompanied by significant reduction of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 was observed. Rats of group 3 had significantly reduced plasma IL-6 levels and downregulated expression of adhesion molecules resulting in impaired leukocyte extravasation and reduced MPO activity in lungs. Mechanistically, digestion of NETs by DNase I significantly diminished NETs-dependent upregulation of adhesion molecules in human endothelial cells. Altogether, systemic DNase I administration during CPB efficiently reduced cfDNA/NETs-mediated endothelial dysfunction and inflammation and might represents a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical practice.
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21
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Smalheiser NR. Mining Clinical Case Reports to Identify New Lines of Investigation in Alzheimer's Disease: The Curious Case of DNase I. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2019; 3:71-76. [PMID: 31025031 PMCID: PMC6481472 DOI: 10.3233/adr-190100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mining the case report literature identified an intriguing, yet neglected finding: Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) as a possible treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. This finding is speculative, both because it is based on one patient, and because the underlying mechanism(s) of action remain obscure. However, further literature review revealed that there are several plausible mechanisms by which DNase I might affect the course of Alzheimer’s disease. Given that DNase I is an FDA-approved drug, with extensive studies in both animals and man in the context of other diseases, I suggest that investigation of DNAse I in Alzheimer’s disease is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Smalheiser
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Klinke M, Vincent D, Trochimiuk M, Appl B, Tiemann B, Bergholz R, Reinshagen K, Boettcher M. Degradation of Extracellular DNA Significantly Ameliorates Necrotizing Enterocolitis Severity in Mice. J Surg Res 2018; 235:513-520. [PMID: 30691836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most devastating diseases in neonates and is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that neutrophils play a crucial role in NEC pathogenesis and contribute to the hyperinflammatory reaction after bacterial colonization, which ultimately induces NEC. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dissolution of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by systemic DNase1 therapy reduces NEC manifestation and morbidity. METHODS NEC was induced in neonatal mice by gavage feeding of lipopolysaccharide mixed in Neocate, followed by hypoxia q12 h for 5d. Inactivated DNase1 and DNase1 were administered intraperitoneally twice daily in the control and treatment groups, respectively, starting on day 5 for 72 h. Survival, NEC score, intestinal damage (Chiu score, malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione peroxidase [GPx]), inflammation (neutrophil elastase [NE], myeloperoxidase [MPO], toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4]), and NETs markers (SYTOX orange, cell-free DNA [cfDNA], DNase, citrullinated Histone 3 [H3cit]) were then assessed. RESULTS In total, 44 neonatal mice were used in the experiment. Mice in the treatment group demonstrated significantly reduced NEC rates (44 versus 86%, P = 0.029) and improved survival in comparison to controls (65 versus 35%, P = 0.01). Furthermore, mice treated with DNase1 showed significantly less tissue damage (cfDNA, Chiu score), oxidative stress (MDA, GPx), and inflammation (NE, MPO, H3cit, TLR4), which ultimately lead to a significant reduction in mortality. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study indicate that systemic DNase1 treatment leads to a significant reduction in tissue damage, NEC severity, and mortality. Therefore, after validation of our findings in human subjects, DNase1 treatment should be considered as a therapeutic option in neonates diagnosed with NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Klinke
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Deirdre Vincent
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Tiemann
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bergholz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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23
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Phan T, Mcmillan R, Skiadopoulos L, Walborn A, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J, Bansal V. Elevated extracellular nucleosomes and their relevance to inflammation in stage 5 chronic kidney disease. INT ANGIOL 2018; 37:419-426. [PMID: 29644836 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-9590.18.03987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is a disorder characterized by a pro-inflammatory state that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns, including nucleosomes, may contribute to this persistent inflammation. The aim of this study was to profile and evaluate the clinical significance of circulating nucleosomes in patients with Stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS Under institutional review board approval, plasma samples were collected from 90 CKD5-HD patients (45 male and 45 female) prior to hemodialysis. Normal human plasma samples (25 male and 25 female) were used as a control group. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent and colorimetric assays were used to profile nucleosome levels and biochemical markers of kidney injury, inflammation, thrombosis, and renal function in CKD5-HD and control groups. Clinical laboratory parameters were documented from the electronical medical record and correlated to nucleosome levels in the CKD5-HD cohort. RESULTS In comparison to healthy volunteers, the plasma from CKD5-HD patients exhibited markedly elevated nucleosomes (P<0.0001). Furthermore, nucleosome levels correlated with WBC count (P=0.025, R=0.243) and CRP (P=0.019, R=0.266) levels. No correlation was found between nucleosomes and the other parameters studied. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate extracellular nucleosomes are significantly elevated in CKD5-HD, suggesting increased cell death and/or inflammation. The observed correlations between nucleosomes and parameters of inflammation is suggestive of a complex, systemic inflammatory process underlying renal deterioration, consistent with the literature. Thus, nucleosomes may play a role in the pathogenesis and outcome of CKD5-HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Phan
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Mcmillan
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | - Amanda Walborn
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Unit of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Unit of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA -
| | - Vinod Bansal
- Unit of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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24
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Dunye Guanxinning Improves Acute Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Neutrophil Infiltration and Caspase-1 Activity. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4608017. [PMID: 29674944 PMCID: PMC5838499 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4608017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is the most serious manifestation of cardiovascular disease, and it is a life-threatening condition. Dunye Guanxinning (DG) is a protective traditional Chinese patent herbal medicine with high clinical efficacy and suitable for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, the mechanism through which it is beneficial is unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that DG improves acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and caspase-1 activity. We found that DG administration decreased infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improved left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, end-systolic volume index, end-systolic diameter, and carotid arterial blood flow output in rats. DG administration also improved hemorheological parameters, myocardial damage biomarkers, and oxidative stress indexes. The findings showed that DG administration inhibited neutrophil infiltration and reduced the serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) level and myocardial IL-1β maturation. Moreover, DG administration inhibited caspase-1 activity and activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in rat hearts. These results suggested that DG administration inhibits inflammasome activity and IL-1β release through the AMPK pathway. Our findings support the clinical efficacy of DG and partially reveal its mechanism, which is beneficial for understanding the therapeutic effects of this protective traditional Chinese patent drug.
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25
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Lindsey ML, Bolli R, Canty JM, Du XJ, Frangogiannis NG, Frantz S, Gourdie RG, Holmes JW, Jones SP, Kloner RA, Lefer DJ, Liao R, Murphy E, Ping P, Przyklenk K, Recchia FA, Schwartz Longacre L, Ripplinger CM, Van Eyk JE, Heusch G. Guidelines for experimental models of myocardial ischemia and infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H812-H838. [PMID: 29351451 PMCID: PMC5966768 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00335.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a prevalent major cardiovascular event that arises from myocardial ischemia with or without reperfusion, and basic and translational research is needed to better understand its underlying mechanisms and consequences for cardiac structure and function. Ischemia underlies a broad range of clinical scenarios ranging from angina to hibernation to permanent occlusion, and while reperfusion is mandatory for salvage from ischemic injury, reperfusion also inflicts injury on its own. In this consensus statement, we present recommendations for animal models of myocardial ischemia and infarction. With increasing awareness of the need for rigor and reproducibility in designing and performing scientific research to ensure validation of results, the goal of this review is to provide best practice information regarding myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and infarction models. Listen to this article’s corresponding podcast at ajpheart.podbean.com/e/guidelines-for-experimental-models-of-myocardial-ischemia-and-infarction/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merry L Lindsey
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.,Research Service, G. V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Roberto Bolli
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - John M Canty
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physiology and Biophysics, The Veterans Affairs Western New York Health Care System and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York
| | - Xiao-Jun Du
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital , Würzburg , Germany
| | - Robert G Gourdie
- Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine Research, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute , Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Jeffrey W Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Steven P Jones
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Robert A Kloner
- HMRI Cardiovascular Research Institute, Huntington Medical Research Institutes , Pasadena, California.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ronglih Liao
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peipei Ping
- National Institutes of Health BD2KBig Data to Knowledge (BD2K) Center of Excellence and Department of Physiology, Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Departments of Physiology and Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Fabio A Recchia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Fondazione G. Monasterio, Pisa , Italy.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa Schwartz Longacre
- Heart Failure and Arrhythmias Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Crystal M Ripplinger
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- The Smidt Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School , Essen , Germany
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Vallés J, Santos MT, Latorre AM, Tembl J, Salom J, Nieves C, Lago A, Moscardó A. Neutrophil extracellular traps are increased in patients with acute ischemic stroke: prognostic significance. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:1919-1929. [DOI: 10.1160/th17-02-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SummaryNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of DNA, histones, and proteolytic enzymes produced by activated neutrophils through different mechanisms. NET formation is promoted by activated platelets and can in turn activate platelets, thus favoring thrombotic processes. NETs have been detected in venous and arterial thrombosis, but data in stroke are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate NETs in the plasma of patients with acute ischemic stroke and their potential association with baseline clinical characteristics, stroke severity, and one-year clinical outcomes. The study included 243 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Clinical and demographic data and scores of stroke severity (NIHSS and mRs) at onset and discharge were recorded. Markers of NETs (cell-free DNA, nucleosomes, and citrullinated histone 3 (citH3)), were determined in plasma. Patients were followed-up for 12 months after the ischemic event. NETs were significantly elevated in the plasma of patients with acute ischemic stroke when compared to healthy subjects. NETs were increased in patients who were over 65 years of age and in those with a history of atrial fibrillation (AF), cardioembolic stroke, high glucose levels, and severe stroke scores at admission and discharge. In multivariate analysis, elevated levels of citH3, the most specific marker of NETs, at onset were independently associated with AF and all-cause mortality at oneyear follow-up. NETs play a role in the pathophysiology of stroke and are associated with severity and mortality. In conclusion, citH3 may constitute a useful prognostic marker and therapeutic target in patients with acute stroke.
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Proteomic footprint of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Longitudinal study of the at-risk and remote regions in the pig model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12343. [PMID: 28955040 PMCID: PMC5617837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion alters post-myocardial infarction (MI) healing; however, very few systematic studies report the early molecular changes following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Alterations in the remote myocardium have also been neglected, disregarding its contribution to post-MI heart failure (HF) development. This study characterizes protein dynamics and contractile abnormalities in the ischemic and remote myocardium during one week after MI. Closed-chest 40 min I/R was performed in 20 pigs sacrificed at 120 min, 24 hours, 4days, and 7days after reperfusion (n = 5 per group). Myocardial contractility was followed up by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and tissue samples were analyzed by multiplexed quantitative proteomics. At early reperfusion (120 min), the ischemic area showed a coordinated upregulation of inflammatory processes, whereas interstitial proteins, angiogenesis and cardio-renal signaling processes increased at later reperfusion (day 4 and 7). Remote myocardium showed decreased contractility at 120 min- and 24 h-CMR accompanied by transient alterations in contractile and mitochondrial proteins. Subsequent recovery of regional contractility was associated with edema formation on CMR and increases in inflammation and wound healing proteins on post-MI day 7. Our results establish for the first time the altered protein signatures in the ischemic and remote myocardium early after I/R and might have implications for new therapeutic targets to improve early post-MI remodeling.
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Qi H, Yang S, Zhang L. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:928. [PMID: 28824648 PMCID: PMC5545592 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Neutrophils are a component of the innate immune system which protect against pathogen invasion; however, the contribution of neutrophils to cardiovascular disease has been underestimated, despite infiltration of leukocyte subsets being a known driving force of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. In addition to their function as phagocytes, neutrophils can release their extracellular chromatin, nuclear protein, and serine proteases to form net-like fiber structures, termed neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs can entrap pathogens, induce endothelial activation, and trigger coagulation, and have been detected in atherosclerotic and thrombotic lesions in both humans and mice. Moreover, NETs can induce endothelial dysfunction and trigger proinflammatory immune responses. Overall, current data indicate that NETs are not only present in plaques and thrombi but also have causative roles in triggering formation of atherosclerotic plaques and venous thrombi. This review is focused on published findings regarding NET-associated endothelial dysfunction during atherosclerosis, atherothrombosis, and venous thrombosis pathogenesis. The NET structure is a novel discovery that will find its appropriate place in our new understanding of cardiovascular disease. In addition, NETs have high potential to be further explored toward much better treatment of atherosclerosis and venous thromboembolism in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuofei Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Silk E, Zhao H, Weng H, Ma D. The role of extracellular histone in organ injury. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2812. [PMID: 28542146 PMCID: PMC5520745 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histones are intra-nuclear cationic proteins that are present in all eukaryotic cells and are highly conserved across species. Within the nucleus, they provide structural stability to chromatin and regulate gene expression. Histone may be released into the extracellular space in three forms: freely, as a DNA-bound nucleosome or as part of neutrophil extracellular traps, and all three can be detected in serum after significant cellular death such as sepsis, trauma, ischaemia/reperfusion injury and autoimmune disease. Once in the extracellular space, histones act as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins, activating the immune system and causing further cytotoxicity. They interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), complement and the phospholipids of cell membranes inducing endothelial and epithelial cytotoxicity, TLR2/TLR4/TLR9 activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine release via MyD88, NFκB and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pathways. Drugs that block the release of histone, neutralise circulating histone or block histone signal transduction provide significant protection from mortality in animal models of acute organ injury but warrant further research to inform future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Silk
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hailin Zhao
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hao Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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30
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Döring Y, Soehnlein O, Weber C. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Atherosclerosis and Atherothrombosis. Circ Res 2017; 120:736-743. [PMID: 28209798 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps expelled from suicidal neutrophils comprise a complex structure of nuclear chromatin and proteins of nuclear, granular, and cytosolic origin. These net-like structures have also been detected in atherosclerotic lesions and arterial thrombi in humans and mice. Functionally, neutrophil extracellular traps have been shown to induce activation of endothelial cells, antigen-presenting cells, and platelets, resulting in a proinflammatory immune response. Overall, this suggests that they are not only present in plaques and thrombi but also they may play a causative role in triggering atherosclerotic plaque formation and arterial thrombosis. This review will focus on current findings of the involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Döring
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Department of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany (Y.D., O.S., C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.W.); Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (C.W.).
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Department of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany (Y.D., O.S., C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.W.); Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (C.W.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Department of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany (Y.D., O.S., C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.W.); Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (C.W.).
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31
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Yang G, Zhang X, Weng X, Liang P, Dai X, Zeng S, Xu H, Huan H, Fang M, Li Y, Xu D, Xu Y. SUV39H1 mediated SIRT1 trans-repression contributes to cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:22. [PMID: 28271186 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic reperfusion (I/R) contributes to deleterious cardiac remodeling and heart failure. The deacetylase SIRT1 has been shown to protect the heart from I/R injury. We examined the mechanism whereby I/R injury represses SIRT1 transcription in the myocardium. There was accumulation of trimethylated histone H3K9 on the proximal SIRT1 promoter in the myocardium in mice following I/R injury and in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R). In accordance, the H3K9 trimethyltransferase SUV39H1 bound to the SIRT1 promoter and repressed SIRT1 transcription. SUV39H1 expression was up-regulated in the myocardium in mice following I/R insults and in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes paralleling SIRT1 down-regulation. Silencing SUV39H1 expression or suppression of SUV39H1 activity erased H3K9Me3 from the SIRT1 promoter and normalized SIRT1 levels in cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, SUV39H1 deficiency or inhibition attenuated I/R-induced infarction and improved heart function in mice likely through influencing ROS levels in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Therefore, our data uncover a novel mechanism for SIRT1 trans-repression during cardiac I/R injury and present SUV39H1 as a druggable target for the development of therapeutic strategies against ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Weng
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailin Huan
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dachun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Middle Rd, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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32
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Chen HH, Yuan H, Cho H, Feng Y, Ngoy S, Kumar ATN, Liao R, Chao W, Josephson L, Sosnovik DE. Theranostic Nucleic Acid Binding Nanoprobe Exerts Anti-inflammatory and Cytoprotective Effects in Ischemic Injury. Theranostics 2017; 7:814-825. [PMID: 28382156 PMCID: PMC5381246 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular nucleic acids are proinflammatory molecules that have been implicated in a diverse range of diseases. We report here the development of a multivalent nucleic acid scavenging nanoprobe, where the fluorochrome thiazole orange (TO) is conjugated to a polymeric 40 kDa dextran carrier. Dextran-TO (Dex-TO) has nanomolar affinity for mammalian and bacterial nucleic acids and attenuates the production of inflammatory cytokines from activated macrophages exposed to DNA and RNA. Mice with myocardial ischemia reperfusion that were treated with Dex-TO showed a decrease in myocardial macrophage infiltration at 24 hours (p<0.05) and a decrease in infarct size (18% ± 9%, p<0.01) on day 7. Dex-TO allows sites of injury to be identified with fluorescence imaging, while simultaneously exerting an anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effect. Dex-TO could be of significant diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) utility in a broad range of conditions including ischemia, trauma, burns, sepsis and autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard H. Chen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Hushan Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA (H.C.: currently School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea)
| | - Hoonsung Cho
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA (H.C.: currently School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea)
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA (currently Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD)
| | - Soeun Ngoy
- Division of Genetics and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Anand T. N. Kumar
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Ronglih Liao
- Division of Genetics and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Wei Chao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA (currently Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD)
| | - Lee Josephson
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA (H.C.: currently School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea)
| | - David E. Sosnovik
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
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33
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Zhao C, Chen Y, Fang J, Fan J, Tong C, Liu X, Liu B, Wang W. DNase-targeted natural product screening based on a sensitive and selective DNase I detecting system. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04911k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a widely used deoxyribonuclease, DNase I is involved in many physiological processes including tumor cell proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhao
- College of Biology
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Yanjiao Chen
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development Laboratory
- Sino-Luxemburg TCM Research Center
- School of Pharmacy
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- Changsha
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Hunan Agriculture University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Jialong Fan
- College of Biology
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Chunyi Tong
- College of Biology
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development Laboratory
- Sino-Luxemburg TCM Research Center
- School of Pharmacy
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- Changsha
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34
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Cabrera-Fuentes HA, Aragones J, Bernhagen J, Boening A, Boisvert WA, Bøtker HE, Bulluck H, Cook S, Di Lisa F, Engel FB, Engelmann B, Ferrazzi F, Ferdinandy P, Fong A, Fleming I, Gnaiger E, Hernández-Reséndiz S, Kalkhoran SB, Kim MH, Lecour S, Liehn EA, Marber MS, Mayr M, Miura T, Ong SB, Peter K, Sedding D, Singh MK, Suleiman MS, Schnittler HJ, Schulz R, Shim W, Tello D, Vogel CW, Walker M, Li QOY, Yellon DM, Hausenloy DJ, Preissner KT. From basic mechanisms to clinical applications in heart protection, new players in cardiovascular diseases and cardiac theranostics: meeting report from the third international symposium on "New frontiers in cardiovascular research". Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:69. [PMID: 27743118 PMCID: PMC5065587 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this meeting report, particularly addressing the topic of protection of the cardiovascular system from ischemia/reperfusion injury, highlights are presented that relate to conditioning strategies of the heart with respect to molecular mechanisms and outcome in patients' cohorts, the influence of co-morbidities and medications, as well as the contribution of innate immune reactions in cardioprotection. Moreover, developmental or systems biology approaches bear great potential in systematically uncovering unexpected components involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury or heart regeneration. Based on the characterization of particular platelet integrins, mitochondrial redox-linked proteins, or lipid-diol compounds in cardiovascular diseases, their targeting by newly developed theranostics and technologies opens new avenues for diagnosis and therapy of myocardial infarction to improve the patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector A Cabrera-Fuentes
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Julian Aragones
- Research Unit, Hospital of Santa Cristina, Research Institute Princesa, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Boening
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - William A Boisvert
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - Hans E Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Heerajnarain Bulluck
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stuart Cook
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Felix B Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Engelmann
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alan Fong
- Department of Cardiology, Sarawak Heart Centre, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- D. Swarovski Research Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplant Thoracic Surgery, Medical Univ Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sauri Hernández-Reséndiz
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Institute of Cardiology, Ignacio Chavez, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Siavash Beikoghli Kalkhoran
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
- The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Moo Hyun Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute and MRC Inter-University Cape Heart Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elisa A Liehn
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael S Marber
- Department of Cardiology, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Campus, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- The James Black Centre, King's College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sang-Bing Ong
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Sedding
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manvendra K Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Saadeh Suleiman
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
| | - Hans J Schnittler
- Institute of Anatomy and Vascular Biology, Westfalian-Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Winston Shim
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Tello
- Research Unit, Hospital of Santa Cristina, Research Institute Princesa, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carl-Wilhelm Vogel
- Department of Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - Malcolm Walker
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Qilong Oscar Yang Li
- Research Unit, Hospital of Santa Cristina, Research Institute Princesa, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
- The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK.
- The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
| | - Klaus T Preissner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
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