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Mihaylova V, Karalilova R, Batalov Z, Kazakova M, Batalov A, Sarafian V. Inflammation, mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction as key players in rheumatoid arthritis? Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112919. [PMID: 39146785 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory joint disease characterized by persistent synovitis and inflammation. The exact mechanism of mitochondrial function in the presence of inflammation and dysregulation of autophagic processes in the pathogenesis of RA is still unclear. The aim of our study is to determine mitochondrial function, gene and protein levels of biomolecules related to inflammation (YKL-40) and autophagy (LAMPs) and to search a connection between them in the RA context. Twenty newly diagnosed RA patients and ten healthy individuals were included in the study. Disease severity was assessed by ultrasonography. Conventional clinico-laboratory parameters, immunological markers and protein levels of LAMPs and YKL-40 were examined in plasma. Gene expression analysis for the quantitative measurement of LAMPs and YKL-40 were conducted in white blood cells (WBC). A real-time metabolic analysis was performed to assess mitochondrial function and cell metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Increase in spare respiratory capacity in PBMCs of RA patients was detected. Decreased LAMPs plasma protein levels and increased protein levels of YKL-40 in RA patients compared to healthy individuals were measured. No significant differences were found in gene expressions. Correlations between mitochondrial, ultrasonographic and protein levels of the biomarkers related with inflammation and autophagy were established. New data on mitochondrial dysfunction in RA patients and links to inflammation and mitophagy are reported. The relationship between dysregulation of mitophagy and joint diseases deserves to be thoroughly investigated as it would be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mihaylova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute at Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Rositsa Karalilova
- Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "Kaspela", Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Zguro Batalov
- Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "Kaspela", Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute at Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Anastas Batalov
- Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "Kaspela", Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute at Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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2
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Wan Y, Zhou C, Chang X, Wu L, Zheng Y, Yu J, Bai L, Luan M, Yu M, Wang Q, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Deng J, Wang Z. Novel TUBA4A variant causes congenital myopathy with focal myofibrillar disorganisation. J Med Genet 2024; 61:626-632. [PMID: 38413182 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital myopathies are a clinical, histopathological and genetic heterogeneous group of inherited muscle disorders that are defined on peculiar architectural abnormalities in the muscle fibres. Although there have been at least 33 different genetic causes of the disease, a significant percentage of congenital myopathies remain genetically unresolved. The present study aimed to report a novel TUBA4A variant in two unrelated Chinese patients with sporadic congenital myopathy. METHODS A comprehensive strategy combining laser capture microdissection, proteomics and whole-exome sequencing was performed to identify the candidate genes. In addition, the available clinical data, myopathological changes, the findings of electrophysiological examinations and thigh muscle MRIs were also reviewed. A cellular model was established to assess the pathogenicity of the TUBA4A variant. RESULTS We identified a recurrent novel heterozygous de novo c.679C>T (p.L227F) variant in the TUBA4A (NM_006000), encoding tubulin alpha-4A, in two unrelated patients with clinicopathologically diagnosed sporadic congenital myopathy. The prominent myopathological changes in both patients were muscle fibres with focal myofibrillar disorganisation and rimmed vacuoles. Immunofluorescence showed ubiquitin-positive TUBA4A protein aggregates in the muscle fibres with rimmed vacuoles. Overexpression of the L227F mutant TUBA4A resulted in cytoplasmic aggregates which colocalised with ubiquitin in cellular model. CONCLUSION Our findings expanded the phenotypic and genetic manifestations of TUBA4A as well as tubulinopathies, and added a new type of congenital myopathy to be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yilei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxi Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Luan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Li L, Fu S, Wang J, Lu J, Tao Y, Zhao L, Fu B, Lu L, Xiang C, Sun X, Liu S, Wang D, Wang Z. SRT1720 inhibits bladder cancer cell progression by impairing autophagic flux. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116111. [PMID: 38458329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common cancer of the urinary tract, with poor survival, high recurrence rates, and lacking of targeted drugs. In this study, we constructed a library to screen compounds inhibiting bladder cancer cells growth. Among them, SRT1720 was identified to inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. SRT1720 treatment also suppressed bladder cancer cells migration, invasion and induced apoptosis. Mechanism studies shown that SRT1720 promoted autophagosomes accumulation by inducing early-stage autophagy but disturbed the late-stage of autophagy by blocking fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. SRT1720 appears to induce autophagy related proteins expression and alter autophagy-related proteins acetylation to impede the autophagy flux. LAMP2, an important lysosomal associated membrane protein, may mediate SRT1720-inhibited autophagy flux as SRT1720 treatment significantly deacetylated LAMP2 which may influence its activity. Taken together, our results demonstrated that SRT1720 mediated apoptosis and autophagy flux inhibition may be a novel therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Shengjun Fu
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jianliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730035, Gansu, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Liangtao Zhao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Beitang Fu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830000, China
| | - Lanpeng Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Caifei Xiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xince Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shanhui Liu
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China.
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Wang N, Cao Y, Wang J, Zhang Q. Case Report: Multiple types of arrhythmias in a late-confirmed Danon disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1369680. [PMID: 38606381 PMCID: PMC11007043 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1369680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Danon disease is an X-linked disorder caused by pathogenic variants in lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene, typically characterized by the triad of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myopathy, and intellectual disability. However, many patients may not present the typical presentation, especially in the early stage. Electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities can be found in almost all patients, with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome being the most common. We reported the case of a 51-year-old woman who experienced multiple types of arrhythmias over three decades and was diagnosed with Danon disease late by genetic testing. Case summary A 51-year-old woman with a 36-year history of intermittent palpitations was admitted due to hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia (VT). Her past medical history revealed multiple arrhythmias and ECG abnormalities in her 30s and 40s, including WPW syndrome with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and complete left bundle branch block. She denied any family history of cardiovascular disease or sudden death. Upon arrival, her vital signs were unremarkable. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging revealed left ventricular enlargement and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in the anterior, inferior, and lateral walls. Subsequent, whole-exome sequencing (WES) gene testing revealed a pathogenic heterozygous variant in LAMP2 gene (c.696T>A; p.Cys232Ter), which confirmed the diagnosis of Danon disease. Conclusion Genetic testing should be considered in patients who display multiple arrhythmias with LV structural abnormalities of unknown etiology for a possible Danon disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Li Q, Tian Y, Niu J, Guo E, Lu Y, Dang C, Feng L, Li L, Wang L. Identification of diagnostic signatures for ischemic stroke by machine learning algorithm. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107564. [PMID: 38215553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the major diseases threatening human health and survival and a leading cause of acquired mortality and disability in adults. The aim of this study was to screen diagnostic features of IS and to explore the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in IS pathogenesis. METHODS The microarray data of IS (GSE16561, GSE58294, GSE37587, and GSE124026) in the GEO database were merged after removing the batch effect. Then integrated bioinformatic analysis and machine-learning strategies were adopted to analyze the functional correlation and select diagnostic signatures. The WGCNA was used to identify the co-expression modules related to IS. The CIBERSORT algorithm was performed to assess the inflammatory state of IS and to investigate the correlation between diagnostic signatures and infiltrating immune cells. RESULTS Functional analysis of dysregulated genes showed that immune response-regulating signaling pathway and pattern recognition receptor activity were enriched in the pathophysiology of IS. The turquoise module was identified as the significant module with IS. By using Lasso and SVM-RFE learning methods, we finally obtained four diagnostic genes, including LAMP2, CR1, CLEC4E, and F5. The corresponding results of AUC of ROC prediction model in training and validation cohort were 0.954 and 0.862, respectively. The immune cell infiltration analysis suggested that plasma cells, resting and activated NK cells, activated dendritic cells, memory B cells, CD8+ T cells, naïve CD4+ T cells, and resting mast cells may be involved in the development of IS. Additionally, these diagnostic signatures might be correlated with multiple immune cells in varying degrees. CONCLUSION We identified four biologically relevant genes (LAMP2, CR1, CLEC4E, and F5) with diagnostic effects for IS, our results further provide novel insights regarding molecular mechanisms associated with various immune cells that related to IS for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jingyan Niu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Erliang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yaoheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Integrated TCM&Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun Dang
- West China Medical Publishers, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
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Uribe-Carretero E, Rey V, Fuentes JM, Tamargo-Gómez I. Lysosomal Dysfunction: Connecting the Dots in the Landscape of Human Diseases. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:34. [PMID: 38248465 PMCID: PMC10813815 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes are the main organelles responsible for the degradation of macromolecules in eukaryotic cells. Beyond their fundamental role in degradation, lysosomes are involved in different physiological processes such as autophagy, nutrient sensing, and intracellular signaling. In some circumstances, lysosomal abnormalities underlie several human pathologies with different etiologies known as known as lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). These disorders can result from deficiencies in primary lysosomal enzymes, dysfunction of lysosomal enzyme activators, alterations in modifiers that impact lysosomal function, or changes in membrane-associated proteins, among other factors. The clinical phenotype observed in affected patients hinges on the type and location of the accumulating substrate, influenced by genetic mutations and residual enzyme activity. In this context, the scientific community is dedicated to exploring potential therapeutic approaches, striving not only to extend lifespan but also to enhance the overall quality of life for individuals afflicted with LSDs. This review provides insights into lysosomal dysfunction from a molecular perspective, particularly in the context of human diseases, and highlights recent advancements and breakthroughs in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Uribe-Carretero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativa, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Verónica Rey
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fuentes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (E.U.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativa, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Tamargo-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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Qiao L, Hu J, Qiu X, Wang C, Peng J, Zhang C, Zhang M, Lu H, Chen W. LAMP2A, LAMP2B and LAMP2C: similar structures, divergent roles. Autophagy 2023; 19:2837-2852. [PMID: 37469132 PMCID: PMC10549195 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2235196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
LAMP2 (lysosomal associated membrane protein 2) is one of the major protein components of the lysosomal membrane. There currently exist three LAMP2 isoforms, LAMP2A, LAMP2B and LAMP2C, and they vary in distribution and function. LAMP2A serves as a receptor and channel for transporting cytosolic proteins in a process called chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). LAMP2B is required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion in cardiomyocytes and is one of the components of exosome membranes. LAMP2C is primarily implicated in a novel type of autophagy in which nucleic acids are taken up into lysosomes for degradation. In this review, the current evidence for the function of each LAMP2 isoform in various pathophysiological processes and human diseases, as well as their possible mechanisms, are comprehensively summarized. We discuss the evolutionary patterns of the three isoforms in vertebrates and provide technical guidance on investigating these isoforms. We are also concerned with the newly arising questions in this particular research area that remain unanswered. Advances in the functions of the three LAMP2 isoforms will uncover new links between lysosomal dysfunction, autophagy and human diseases.Abbreviation: ACSL4: acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; AD: Alzheimer disease; Ag: antigens; APP: amyloid beta precursor protein; ATG14: autophagy related 14; AVSF: autophagic vacuoles with unique sarcolemmal features; BBC3/PUMA: BCL2 binding component 3; CCD: C-terminal coiled coil domain; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CVDs: cardiovascular diseases; DDIT4/REDD1: DNA damage inducible transcript 4; ECs: endothelial cells; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ESCs: embryonic stem cells; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GBA/β-glucocerebrosidase: glucosylceramidase beta; GSCs: glioblastoma stem cells; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; HD: Huntington disease; HSCs: hematopoietic stem cells; HSPA8/HSC70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8; IL3: interleukin 3; IR: ischemia-reperfusion; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; LDs: lipid droplets; LRRK2: leucine rich repeat kinase 2; MA: macroautophagy; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; MST1: macrophage stimulating 1; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NFE2L2/NRF2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; NLRP3: NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; PARK7: Parkinsonism associated deglycase; PD: Parkinson disease; PEA15/PED: proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15; PKM/PKM2: pyruvate kinase M1/2; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; RARA: retinoic acid receptor alpha; RCAN1: regulator of calcineurin 1; RCC: renal cell carcinoma; RDA: RNautophagy and DNautophagy; RNAi: RNA interference; RND3: Rho Family GTPase 3; SG-NOS3/eNOS: deleterious glutathionylated NOS3; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; TAMs: tumor-associated macrophages; TME: tumor microenvironment; UCHL1: ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1; VAMP8: vesicle associated membrane protein 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiayi Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohan Qiu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jieqiong Peng
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huixia Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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8
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Zhao Y, Ye Z, Song D, Wich D, Gao S, Khirallah J, Xu Q. Nanomechanical action opens endo-lysosomal compartments. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6645. [PMID: 37863882 PMCID: PMC10589329 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endo-lysosomal escape is a highly inefficient process, which is a bottleneck for intracellular delivery of biologics, including proteins and nucleic acids. Herein, we demonstrate the design of a lipid-based nanoscale molecular machine, which achieves efficient cytosolic transport of biologics by destabilizing endo-lysosomal compartments through nanomechanical action upon light irradiation. We fabricate lipid-based nanoscale molecular machines, which are designed to perform mechanical movement by consuming photons, by co-assembling azobenzene lipidoids with helper lipids. We show that lipid-based nanoscale molecular machines adhere onto the endo-lysosomal membrane after entering cells. We demonstrate that continuous rotation-inversion movement of Azo lipidoids triggered by ultraviolet/visible irradiation results in the destabilization of the membranes, thereby transporting cargoes, such as mRNAs and Cre proteins, to the cytoplasm. We find that the efficiency of cytosolic transport is improved about 2.1-fold, compared to conventional intracellular delivery systems. Finally, we show that lipid-based nanoscale molecular machines are competent for cytosolic transport of tumour antigens into dendritic cells, which induce robust antitumour activity in a melanoma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Zhongfeng Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Donghui Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Douglas Wich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Shuliang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Jennifer Khirallah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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9
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Hong KN, Eshraghian EA, Arad M, Argirò A, Brambatti M, Bui Q, Caspi O, de Frutos F, Greenberg B, Ho CY, Kaski JP, Olivotto I, Taylor MRG, Yesso A, Garcia-Pavia P, Adler ED. International Consensus on Differential Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Danon Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:1628-1647. [PMID: 37821174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Danon disease is a rare X-linked autophagic vacuolar cardioskeletal myopathy associated with severe heart failure that can be accompanied with extracardiac neurologic, skeletal, and ophthalmologic manifestations. It is caused by loss of function variants in the LAMP2 gene and is among the most severe and penetrant of the genetic cardiomyopathies. Most patients with Danon disease will experience symptomatic heart failure. Male individuals generally present earlier than women and die of either heart failure or arrhythmia or receive a heart transplant by the third decade of life. Herein, the authors review the differential diagnosis of Danon disease, diagnostic criteria, natural history, management recommendations, and recent advances in treatment of this increasingly recognized and extremely morbid cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly N Hong
- University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Michael Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Hospital and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alessia Argirò
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Quan Bui
- University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Oren Caspi
- Rambam Medical Centre and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Medical School, Haifa, Israel
| | - Fernando de Frutos
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, IDIPHISA, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Barry Greenberg
- University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carolyn Y Ho
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Kaski
- Great Ormond Street Hospital and University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iacopo Olivotto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Abigail Yesso
- Division of Cardiology/Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pablo Garcia-Pavia
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, IDIPHISA, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain.
| | - Eric D Adler
- University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
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10
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Gandaeva L, Sonicheva-Paterson N, McKenna WJ, Savostyanov K, Myasnikov R, Pushkov A, Zhanin I, Barskiy V, Zharova O, Silnova I, Kaverina V, Sdvigova N, Fisenko A, Arad M, Basargina E. Clinical features of pediatric Danon disease and the importance of early diagnosis. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131189. [PMID: 37454822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Successful therapy in a cohort with early onset Danon disease (DD) highlights the potential importance of earlier disease recognition. We present experience from the largest National Pediatric Center in Russia for cardiomyopathy patients. This report focuses on identification of early clinical features of DD in the pediatric population by detailed pedigree analysis and review of medical records. RESULTS: Nine patients (3 females) were identified with DD at the Russian National Medical Research Center of Children's Health ("National Pediatric Center") aged birth to 16 years. At presentation/evaluation: all patients had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), ECG features of Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW), and an increase in hepatic enzymes (particularly lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)); three had marked increase in NT-proBNP; two had HCM with impaired LV function; one had LVH with LV noncompaction; five had arrhythmia with paroxysmal supraventricular and/or ventricular tachycardia. Two teenagers died at ages 16-17 from refractory heart failure and two underwent heart transplantation. All patients were found to have a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in the LAMP2 gene, six patients had no family history and a de novo evolvement was documented in 4/6 of those available for genetic tested. Retrospective review related to family background and earlier clinical evaluations revealed a definitive or highly suspicious family history of DD in 3, early clinical presentation with cardiac abnormalities (ECG, echo) in 3, and cerebral, hepatic and/or neuromuscular symptoms in 5. Abnormalities were detected 9,5 months to 5,8 years, median 3,5 years prior to referral to the National Pediatric Center. CONCLUSION: The earliest clinical manifestations of Danon disease occur in the first 12 years of life with symptoms of skeletal muscle and cerebral disease, raised hepatic enzymes, and evidence of cardiac disease on ECG/echo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gandaeva
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia.
| | | | - William J McKenna
- University College London, London, United Kingdom; Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular (GRINCAR), Universidad de A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Kirill Savostyanov
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Roman Myasnikov
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Pushkov
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Ilya Zhanin
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir Barskiy
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga Zharova
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Irina Silnova
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentina Kaverina
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia Sdvigova
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey Fisenko
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia.
| | - Michael Arad
- Cardiomyopathy Clinic and Heart Failure Institute, Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Elena Basargina
- National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Lomonosov Avenue, 2, 119991, Russia.
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11
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Grochowska KM, Sperveslage M, Raman R, Failla AV, Głów D, Schulze C, Laprell L, Fehse B, Kreutz MR. Chaperone-mediated autophagy in neuronal dendrites utilizes activity-dependent lysosomal exocytosis for protein disposal. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112998. [PMID: 37590146 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex morphology of neurons poses a challenge for proteostasis because the majority of lysosomal degradation machinery is present in the cell soma. In recent years, however, mature lysosomes were identified in dendrites, and a fraction of those appear to fuse with the plasma membrane and release their content to the extracellular space. Here, we report that dendritic lysosomes are heterogeneous in their composition and that only those containing lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP) 2A and 2B fuse with the membrane and exhibit activity-dependent motility. Exocytotic lysosomes dock in close proximity to GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptors (NMDAR) via an association of LAMP2B to the membrane-associated guanylate kinase family member SAP102/Dlg3. NMDAR-activation decreases lysosome motility and promotes membrane fusion. We find that chaperone-mediated autophagy is a supplier of content that is released to the extracellular space via lysosome exocytosis. This mechanism enables local disposal of aggregation-prone proteins like TDP-43 and huntingtin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Grochowska
- Leibniz Group "Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Marit Sperveslage
- Leibniz Group "Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rajeev Raman
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Antonio V Failla
- UKE Microscopic Imaging Facility (umif), University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dawid Głów
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schulze
- Institute of Synaptic Physiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Laprell
- Institute of Synaptic Physiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Boris Fehse
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Leibniz Group "Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function," Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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12
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Shalata A, Bar-Shai M, Hadid Y, Mahroum M, Mintz H, Shalata ZE, Radzishevsky E, Genizi J, Lorber A, Ben-Yosef T, Yaniv L. Danon Disease: Entire LAMP2 Gene Deletion with Unusual Clinical Presentation-Case Report and Review of the Literature. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1539. [PMID: 37628591 PMCID: PMC10454823 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Danon disease is a rare x-linked dominant multisystemic disorder with a clinical triad of severe cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and intellectual disability. It is caused by defects in the lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2) gene. Numerous different mutations in the LAMP2 protein have been described. Danon disease is typically lethal by the mid-twenties in male patients due to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Female patients usually present with milder and variable symptoms. This report describes a 42-year-old father and his 3-year-old daughter presenting with mild manifestations of the disease. The father has normal intellectual development and normal physical activity. At the age of 13, he was diagnosed with mild ventricular pre-excitation known as Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPWs), very mild and mostly asymptomatic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular hypertrophy, and at about the age of 25 presented with visual impairment due to cone-rod dystrophy. His daughter showed normal development and very mild asymptomatic electrocardiographic WPWs abnormalities with left mild ventricular hypertrophy. Genetic testing revealed an Xq24 microdeletion encompassing the entire LAMP2 gene. Relevant literature was reviewed as a reference for the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and case management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel; (Y.H.); (M.M.); (H.M.)
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; (E.R.); (J.G.); (A.L.); (T.B.-Y.); (L.Y.)
| | - Marina Bar-Shai
- The Institute of Medical Genetics, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 34362, Israel;
| | - Yarin Hadid
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel; (Y.H.); (M.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Muhammad Mahroum
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel; (Y.H.); (M.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Hila Mintz
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel; (Y.H.); (M.M.); (H.M.)
| | | | - Evgeny Radzishevsky
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; (E.R.); (J.G.); (A.L.); (T.B.-Y.); (L.Y.)
- Cardiology Department, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Jacob Genizi
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; (E.R.); (J.G.); (A.L.); (T.B.-Y.); (L.Y.)
- Department of Pediatric, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Avraham Lorber
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; (E.R.); (J.G.); (A.L.); (T.B.-Y.); (L.Y.)
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Rambam Medical Centre, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Tamar Ben-Yosef
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; (E.R.); (J.G.); (A.L.); (T.B.-Y.); (L.Y.)
| | - Liat Yaniv
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; (E.R.); (J.G.); (A.L.); (T.B.-Y.); (L.Y.)
- Department of Pediatric, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 32000, Israel
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13
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Wang Y, Hang K, Ying L, Wu J, Wu X, Zhang W, Li L, Wang Z, Bai J, Gao X, Xue D, Pan Z. LAMP2A regulates the balance of mesenchymal stem cell adipo-osteogenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β signaling pathway. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:783-799. [PMID: 37162558 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) plays multiple roles in cell metabolism. We found that lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A), a crucial protein of CMA, plays a key role in the control of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adipo-osteogenesis. We identified a differentially expressed CMA gene (LAMP2) in GEO datasets (GSE4911 and GSE494). Further, we performed co-expression analyses to define the relationships between CMA components genes and other relevant genes including Col1a1, Runx2, Wnt3 and Gsk3β. Mouse BMSCs (mMSCs) exhibiting Lamp2a gene knockdown (LA-KD) and overexpression (LA-OE) were created using an adenovirus system; then we investigated LAMP2A function in vitro by Western blot, Oil Red staining, ALP staining, ARS staining and Immunofluorescence analysis. Next, we used a modified mouse model of tibial fracture to investigate LAMP2A function in vivo. LAMP2A knockdown in mMSCs decreased the levels of osteogenic-specific proteins (COL1A1 and RUNX2) and increased those of the adipogenesis markers PPARγ and C/EBPα; LAMP2A overexpression had the opposite effects. The active-β-catenin and phospho-GSK3β (Ser9) levels were upregulated by LAMP2A overexpression and downregulated by LAMP2A knockdown. In the mouse model of tibial fracture, mMSC-overexpressing LAMP2A improved bone healing, as demonstrated by microcomputed tomography and histological analyses. In summary, LAMP2A positively regulates mMSC osteogenesis and suppresses adipo-osteogenesis, probably via Wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β signaling. LAMP2A promoted fracture-healing in the mouse model of tibial fracture. KEY MESSAGES: • LAMP2 positively regulates the mBMSCs osteogenic differentiation. • LAMP2 negatively regulates the mBMSCs adipogenic differentiation. • LAMP2 regulates mBMSCs osteogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β signaling pathway. • LAMP2 overexpression mBMSCs promote the fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kai Hang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Li Ying
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 150, Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lijun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Zhongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jinwu Bai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Deting Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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14
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Crombie EM, Kim S, Adamson S, Dong H, Lu TC, Wu Y, Wu Y, Levy Y, Stimple N, Lam WMR, Hey HWD, Withers DJ, Hsu AL, Bay BH, Ochala J, Tsai SY. Activation of eIF4E-binding-protein-1 rescues mTORC1-induced sarcopenia by expanding lysosomal degradation capacity. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:198-213. [PMID: 36398408 PMCID: PMC9891956 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic mTORC1 activation in skeletal muscle is linked with age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength, known as sarcopenia. Genetic activation of mTORC1 by conditionally ablating mTORC1 upstream inhibitor TSC1 in skeletal muscle accelerates sarcopenia development in adult mice. Conversely, genetic suppression of mTORC1 downstream effectors of protein synthesis delays sarcopenia in natural aging mice. mTORC1 promotes protein synthesis by activating ribosomal protein S6 kinases (S6Ks) and inhibiting eIF4E-binding proteins (4EBPs). Whole-body knockout of S6K1 or muscle-specific over-expression of a 4EBP1 mutant transgene (4EBP1mt), which is resistant to mTORC1-mediated inhibition, ameliorates muscle loss with age and preserves muscle function by enhancing mitochondria activities, despite both transgenic mice showing retarded muscle growth at a young age. Why repression of mTORC1-mediated protein synthesis can mitigate progressive muscle atrophy and dysfunction with age remains unclear. METHODS Mice with myofiber-specific knockout of TSC1 (TSC1mKO), in which mTORC1 is hyperactivated in fully differentiated myofibers, were used as a mouse model of sarcopenia. To elucidate the role of mTORC1-mediated protein synthesis in regulating muscle mass and physiology, we bred the 4EBP1mt transgene or S6k1 floxed mice into the TSC1mKO mouse background to generate 4EBP1mt-TSC1mKO or S6K1-TSC1mKO mice, respectively. Functional and molecular analyses were performed to assess their role in sarcopenia development. RESULTS Here, we show that 4EBP1mt-TSC1mKO, but not S6K1-TSC1mKO, preserved muscle mass (36.7% increase compared with TSC1mKO, P < 0.001) and strength (36.8% increase compared with TSC1mKO, P < 0.01) at the level of control mice. Mechanistically, 4EBP1 activation suppressed aberrant protein synthesis (two-fold reduction compared with TSC1mKO, P < 0.05) and restored autophagy flux without relieving mTORC1-mediated inhibition of ULK1, an upstream activator of autophagosome initiation. We discovered a previously unidentified phenotype of lysosomal failure in TSC1mKO mouse muscle, in which the lysosomal defect was also conserved in the naturally aged mouse muscle, whereas 4EBP1 activation enhanced lysosomal protease activities to compensate for impaired autophagy induced by mTORC1 hyperactivity. Consequently, 4EBP1 activation relieved oxidative stress to prevent toxic aggregate accumulation (0.5-fold reduction compared with TSC1mKO, P < 0.05) in muscle and restored mitochondrial homeostasis and function. CONCLUSIONS We identify 4EBP1 as a communication hub coordinating protein synthesis and degradation to protect proteostasis, revealing therapeutic potential for activating lysosomal degradation to mitigate sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Crombie
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seonyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stuart Adamson
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Han Dong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lu
- Research Center for Healthy Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yiju Wu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yotam Levy
- Centre of Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - Nolan Stimple
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Wing Moon R Lam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee Weng D Hey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dominic J Withers
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ao-Lin Hsu
- Research Center for Healthy Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julien Ochala
- Centre of Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shih-Yin Tsai
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Zhai Y, Miao J, Peng Y, Wang Y, Dong J, Zhao X. Clinical features of Danon disease and insights gained from LAMP-2 deficiency models. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2023; 33:81-89. [PMID: 34737089 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Danon disease (DD) is an X-linked multisystem disorder with clinical features characterized by the triad of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle weakness, and mental retardation. Cardiac involvement can be fatal in the absence of an effective treatment option such as heart transplantation. Molecular studies have proved that LAMP-2 protein deficiency, mainly LAMP-2B isoform, resulting from LAMP2 gene mutation, is the culprit for DD. Autophagy impairment due to LAMP-2 deficiency mediated the accumulation of abnormal autophagic vacuoles in cells. While it is not ideal for mimicking DD phenotypes in humans, the emergence of LAMP-2-deficient animal models and induced pluripotent stem cells from DD patients provided powerful tools for exploring DD mechanism. In both in vitro and in vivo studies, much evidence has demonstrated that mitochondria dysfunction and fragmentation can result in DD pathology. Fundamental research contributes to the therapeutic transformation. By targeting the molecular core, several potential therapies have demonstrated promising results in partial phenotypes improvement. Among them, gene therapies anticipate inaugurate a class of symptom control and prevention drugs as their in vivo effects are promising, and one clinical trial is currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhai
- Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Hereditary Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China;Department of Science and Technology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China; Sino-British Research Center for Molecular Oncology, National Center for the International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Hereditary Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- Sino-British Research Center for Molecular Oncology, National Center for the International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China; Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jianzeng Dong
- Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Hereditary Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Hereditary Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China.
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16
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Amaral O, Martins M, Oliveira AR, Duarte AJ, Mondragão-Rodrigues I, Macedo MF. The Biology of Lysosomes: From Order to Disorder. Biomedicines 2023; 11:213. [PMID: 36672721 PMCID: PMC9856021 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1955, the understanding of the lysosome has continuously increased. Once considered a mere waste removal system, the lysosome is now recognised as a highly crucial cellular component for signalling and energy metabolism. This notable evolution raises the need for a summarized review of the lysosome's biology. As such, throughout this article, we will be compiling the current knowledge regarding the lysosome's biogenesis and functions. The comprehension of this organelle's inner mechanisms is crucial to perceive how its impairment can give rise to lysosomal disease (LD). In this review, we highlight some examples of LD fine-tuned mechanisms that are already established, as well as others, which are still under investigation. Even though the understanding of the lysosome and its pathologies has expanded through the years, some of its intrinsic molecular aspects remain unknown. In order to illustrate the complexity of the lysosomal diseases we provide a few examples that have challenged the established single gene-single genetic disorder model. As such, we believe there is a strong need for further investigation of the exact abnormalities in the pathological pathways in lysosomal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Amaral
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA, ICETA), Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Martins
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Joana Duarte
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA, ICETA), Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Mondragão-Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CAGE, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Fátima Macedo
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CAGE, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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17
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Barndt RJ, Liu Q, Tang Y, Haugh MP, Cui J, Chan SY, Wu H. Metabolic Maturation Exaggerates Abnormal Calcium Handling in a Lamp2 Knockout Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Model of Danon Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 13:69. [PMID: 36671453 PMCID: PMC9855424 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Danon disease (DD) is caused by mutations of the gene encoding lysosomal-associated membrane protein type 2 (LAMP2), which lead to impaired autophagy, glycogen accumulation, and cardiac hypertrophy. However, it is not well understood why a large portion of DD patients develop arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. In the current study, we generated LAMP2 knockout (KO) human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CM), which mimic the LAMP2 dysfunction in DD heart. Morphologic analysis demonstrated the sarcomere disarrangement in LAMP2 KO CMs. In functional studies, LAMP2 KO CMs showed near-normal calcium handling at base level. However, treatment of pro-maturation medium (MM) exaggerated the disease phenotype in the KO cells as they exhibited impaired calcium recycling and increased irregular beating events, which recapitulates the pro-arrhythmia phenotypes of DD patients. Further mechanistic study confirmed that MM treatment significantly enhanced the autophagic stress in the LAMP2 KO CMs, which was accompanied by an increase of both cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Excess ROS accumulation in LAMP2 KO CMs resulted in the over-activation of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) and arrhythmogenesis, which was partially rescued by the treatment of ROS scavenger. In summary, our study has revealed ROS induced CaMKIIδ overactivation as a key mechanism that promotes cardiac arrhythmia in DD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Barndt
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Michael P. Haugh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jeffery Cui
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Haodi Wu
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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18
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Rahmani Z, Surabhi S, Rojo-Cortés F, Dulac A, Jenny A, Birman S. Lamp1 Deficiency Enhances Sensitivity to α-Synuclein and Oxidative Stress in Drosophila Models of Parkinson Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13078. [PMID: 36361864 PMCID: PMC9657416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition affecting people predominantly at old age that is characterized by a progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and by the accumulation of α-synuclein-containing intraneuronal inclusions known as Lewy bodies. Defects in cellular degradation processes such as the autophagy-lysosomal pathway are suspected to be involved in PD progression. The mammalian Lysosomal-associated membrane proteins LAMP1 and LAMP2 are transmembrane glycoproteins localized in lysosomes and late endosomes that are involved in autophagosome/lysosome maturation and function. Here, we show that the lack of Drosophila Lamp1, the homolog of LAMP1 and LAMP2, severely increased fly susceptibility to paraquat, a pro-oxidant compound known as a potential PD inducer in humans. Moreover, the loss of Lamp1 also exacerbated the progressive locomotor defects induced by the expression of PD-associated mutant α-synuclein A30P (α-synA30P) in dopaminergic neurons. Remarkably, the ubiquitous re-expression of Lamp1 in a mutant context fully suppressed all these defects and conferred significant resistance towards both PD factors above that of wild-type flies. Immunostaining analysis showed that the brain levels of α-synA30P were unexpectedly decreased in young adult Lamp1-deficient flies expressing this protein in comparison to non-mutant controls. This suggests that Lamp1 could neutralize α-synuclein toxicity by promoting the formation of non-pathogenic aggregates in neurons. Overall, our findings reveal a novel role for Drosophila Lamp1 in protecting against oxidative stress and α-synuclein neurotoxicity in PD models, thus furthering our understanding of the function of its mammalian homologs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Rahmani
- Genes Circuits Rhythms and Neuropathology, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Satya Surabhi
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Francisca Rojo-Cortés
- Genes Circuits Rhythms and Neuropathology, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Amina Dulac
- Genes Circuits Rhythms and Neuropathology, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Andreas Jenny
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Serge Birman
- Genes Circuits Rhythms and Neuropathology, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France
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19
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Wang JJ, Yu B, Song X, Wang H. De novo LAMP2 insertion mutation causes cardiac-only Danon disease: A case report. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:899283. [PMID: 36187011 PMCID: PMC9523138 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.899283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Danon disease is a rare disease caused by glycogen storage lysosomal disorder. It is related to the pathogenic mutation of the LAMP2 gene. In this case report, we present a patient with a novel pathogenic mutation (c.764_765insGA) with cardiac-only symptoms. Her family members do not carry the same mutation she does, suggesting this is a de novo mutation. Further tests revealed vacuoles and glycogen disposition in the patient's heart tissue and a significant decrease in LAMP2 protein expression. Protein structure remodeling of LAMP2 predicted that the mutant protein has conformational change lacking an important transmembrane domain, subsequently causing protein destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Jiqi Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuli Song
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Genetic Diagnostics Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Wang
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20
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Akel N, MacLeod RS, Berryhill SB, Laster DJ, Dimori M, Crawford JA, Fu Q, Onal M. Loss of chaperone-mediated autophagy is associated with low vertebral cancellous bone mass. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3134. [PMID: 35210514 PMCID: PMC8873216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a protein degradation pathway that eliminates soluble cytoplasmic proteins that are damaged, incorrectly folded, or targeted for selective proteome remodeling. However, the role of CMA in skeletal homeostasis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions is unknown. To address the role of CMA for skeletal homeostasis, we deleted an essential component of the CMA process, namely Lamp2a, from the mouse genome. CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing led to the deletion of both Lamp2a and Lamp2c, another Lamp2 isoform, producing Lamp2AC global knockout (L2ACgKO) mice. At 5 weeks of age female L2ACgKO mice had lower vertebral cancellous bone mass compared to wild-type (WT) controls, whereas there was no difference between genotypes in male mice at this age. The low bone mass of L2ACgKO mice was associated with elevated RANKL expression and the osteoclast marker genes Trap and Cathepsin K. At 18 weeks of age, both male and female L2ACgKO mice had lower vertebral cancellous bone mass compared to WT controls. The low bone mass of L2ACgKO mice was associated with increased osteoclastogenesis and decreased mineral deposition in cultured cells. Consistent with these findings, specific knockdown of Lamp2a in an osteoblastic cell line increased RANKL expression and decreased mineral deposition. Moreover, similar to what has been observed in other cell types, macroautophagy and proteasomal degradation were upregulated in CMA-deficient osteoblasts in culture. Thus, an increase in other protein degradation pathways may partially compensate for the loss of CMA in osteoblasts. Taken together, our results suggest that CMA plays a role in vertebral cancellous bone mass accrual in young adult mice and that this may be due to an inhibitory role of CMA on osteoclastogenesis or a positive role of CMA in osteoblast formation or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisreen Akel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ryan S MacLeod
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stuart B Berryhill
- Bone Biomechanics, Histology and Imaging Core (BHIC), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Dominique J Laster
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Milena Dimori
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Julie A Crawford
- Bone Biomechanics, Histology and Imaging Core (BHIC), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Genetic Models Core, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Melda Onal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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21
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Targeting lysosomes in human disease: from basic research to clinical applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:379. [PMID: 34744168 PMCID: PMC8572923 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, accumulating evidence has elucidated the role of lysosomes in dynamically regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis. Lysosomal changes and dysfunction have been correlated with the development of numerous diseases. In this review, we interpreted the key biological functions of lysosomes in four areas: cellular metabolism, cell proliferation and differentiation, immunity, and cell death. More importantly, we actively sought to determine the characteristic changes and dysfunction of lysosomes in cells affected by these diseases, the causes of these changes and dysfunction, and their significance to the development and treatment of human disease. Furthermore, we outlined currently available targeting strategies: (1) targeting lysosomal acidification; (2) targeting lysosomal cathepsins; (3) targeting lysosomal membrane permeability and integrity; (4) targeting lysosomal calcium signaling; (5) targeting mTOR signaling; and (6) emerging potential targeting strategies. Moreover, we systematically summarized the corresponding drugs and their application in clinical trials. By integrating basic research with clinical findings, we discussed the current opportunities and challenges of targeting lysosomes in human disease.
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22
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Yasui T, Nagaoka U, Oya Y, Uruha A, Karashima J, Funai A, Miyamoto K, Matsubara S, Sugaya K, Takahashi K, Inoue M, Okubo M, Sugie K, Nishino I. Mild form of Danon disease: two case reports. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1207-1211. [PMID: 34702653 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Danon disease is typically lethal by the mid-twenties in male patients due to cardiomyopathy. This report aims to describe two unrelated male patients showing mild manifestations of the disease. A 39-year-old man presented with a 10-year history of elevated serum creatine kinase levels with slowly progressive muscle weakness. Muscle pathology showed autophagic vacuoles with sarcolemmal features. Genetic testing revealed a hemizygous mutation in exon 9b, an alternatively spliced exon, of lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2) (c.1097_1098delAA). Cardiac testing showed asymptomatic mild left ventricular hypertrophy. He had borderline intelligence. Early stage of retinopathy was detected. Another male patient, currently 53-year-old, had asymptomatic supraventricular extrasystole and muscle weakness but no intellectual disability, harboring the same mutation. He also had retinopathy. The present patients commonly carry a mutation in exon 9b of LAMP-2, suggesting that mutations in the exon are associated with a mild form of Danon disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Yasui
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Utako Nagaoka
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Oya
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Uruha
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jun Karashima
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Funai
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keizo Sugaya
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushi Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Inoue
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Okubo
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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McGrath MJ, Eramo MJ, Gurung R, Sriratana A, Gehrig SM, Lynch GS, Lourdes SR, Koentgen F, Feeney SJ, Lazarou M, McLean CA, Mitchell CA. Defective lysosome reformation during autophagy causes skeletal muscle disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:135124. [PMID: 33119550 PMCID: PMC7773396 DOI: 10.1172/jci135124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of autophagy-dependent lysosome homeostasis in vivo is unclear. We showed that the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase INPP5K regulates autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR), a lysosome recycling pathway, in muscle. INPP5K hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P], and INPP5K mutations cause muscular dystrophy by unknown mechanisms. We report that loss of INPP5K in muscle caused severe disease, autophagy inhibition, and lysosome depletion. Reduced PI(4,5)P2 turnover on autolysosomes in Inpp5k–/– muscle suppressed autophagy and lysosome repopulation via ALR inhibition. Defective ALR in Inpp5k–/– myoblasts was characterized by enlarged autolysosomes and the persistence of hyperextended reformation tubules, structures that participate in membrane recycling to form lysosomes. Reduced disengagement of the PI(4,5)P2 effector clathrin was observed on reformation tubules, which we propose interfered with ALR completion. Inhibition of PI(4,5)P2 synthesis or expression of WT INPP5K but not INPP5K disease mutants in INPP5K-depleted myoblasts restored lysosomal homeostasis. Therefore, bidirectional interconversion of PI(4)P/PI(4,5)P2 on autolysosomes was integral to lysosome replenishment and autophagy function in muscle. Activation of TFEB-dependent de novo lysosome biogenesis did not compensate for loss of ALR in Inpp5k–/– muscle, revealing a dependence on this lysosome recycling pathway. Therefore, in muscle, ALR is indispensable for lysosome homeostasis during autophagy and when defective is associated with muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan J McGrath
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Eramo
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajendra Gurung
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Absorn Sriratana
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan M Gehrig
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sonia Raveena Lourdes
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Koentgen
- Ozgene Pty Ltd, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra J Feeney
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Lazarou
- Neuroscience Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catriona A McLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Kitaoka H, Tsutsui H, Kubo T, Ide T, Chikamori T, Fukuda K, Fujino N, Higo T, Isobe M, Kamiya C, Kato S, Kihara Y, Kinugawa K, Kinugawa S, Kogaki S, Komuro I, Hagiwara N, Ono M, Maekawa Y, Makita S, Matsui Y, Matsushima S, Sakata Y, Sawa Y, Shimizu W, Teraoka K, Tsuchihashi-Makaya M, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Watanabe M, Yoshimura M, Fukusima A, Hida S, Hikoso S, Imamura T, Ishida H, Kawai M, Kitagawa T, Kohno T, Kurisu S, Nagata Y, Nakamura M, Morita H, Takano H, Shiga T, Takei Y, Yuasa S, Yamamoto T, Watanabe T, Akasaka T, Doi Y, Kimura T, Kitakaze M, Kosuge M, Takayama M, Tomoike H. JCS/JHFS 2018 Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies. Circ J 2021; 85:1590-1689. [PMID: 34305070 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kitaoka
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | | | - Toru Kubo
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University
| | | | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Noboru Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Taiki Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Chizuko Kamiya
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Seiya Kato
- Division of Pathology, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Shigetoyo Kogaki
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Osaka General Medical Center
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Yuichiro Maekawa
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeru Makita
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Saitama International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Yoshiro Matsui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hanaoka Seishu Memorial Hospital
| | | | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | | | | | | | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | | | - Satoshi Hida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Shungo Hikoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Makoto Kawai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Toshiro Kitagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Kurisu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Yoji Nagata
- Division of Cardiology, Fukui CardioVascular Center
| | - Makiko Nakamura
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hitoshi Takano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Tsuyoshi Shiga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | | | - Shinsuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Teppei Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Masami Kosuge
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center
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25
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RNA-Protein Interaction Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 5' and 3' Untranslated Regions Reveals a Role of Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein-2a during Viral Infection. mSystems 2021; 6:e0064321. [PMID: 34254825 PMCID: PMC8407388 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00643-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a positive-strand RNA virus. The viral genome is capped at the 5′ end, followed by an untranslated region (UTR). There is a poly(A) tail at the 3′ end, preceded by a UTR. The self-interaction between the RNA regulatory elements present within the 5′ and 3′ UTRs and their interaction with host/virus-encoded proteins mediate the function of the 5′ and 3′ UTRs. Using an RNA-protein interaction detection (RaPID) assay coupled to liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, we identified host interaction partners of SARS-CoV-2 5′ and 3′ UTRs and generated an RNA-protein interaction network. By combining these data with the previously known protein-protein interaction data proposed to be involved in virus replication, we generated the RNA-protein-protein interaction (RPPI) network, likely to be essential for controlling SARS-CoV-2 replication. Notably, bioinformatics analysis of the RPPI network revealed the enrichment of factors involved in translation initiation and RNA metabolism. Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2a (Lamp2a), the receptor for chaperone-mediated autophagy, is one of the host proteins that interact with the 5′ UTR. Further studies showed that the Lamp2 level is upregulated in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and that the absence of the Lamp2a isoform enhanced the viral RNA level whereas its overexpression significantly reduced the viral RNA level. Lamp2a and viral RNA colocalize in the infected cells, and there is an increased autophagic flux in infected cells, although there is no change in the formation of autophagolysosomes. In summary, our study provides a useful resource of SARS-CoV-2 5′ and 3′ UTR binding proteins and reveals the role of Lamp2a protein during SARS-CoV-2 infection. IMPORTANCE Replication of a positive-strand RNA virus involves an RNA-protein complex consisting of viral genomic RNA, host RNA(s), virus-encoded proteins, and host proteins. Dissecting out individual components of the replication complex will help decode the mechanism of viral replication. 5′ and 3′ UTRs in positive-strand RNA viruses play essential regulatory roles in virus replication. Here, we identified the host proteins that associate with the UTRs of SARS-CoV-2, combined those data with the previously known protein-protein interaction data (expected to be involved in virus replication), and generated the RNA-protein-protein interaction (RPPI) network. Analysis of the RPPI network revealed the enrichment of factors involved in translation initiation and RNA metabolism, which are important for virus replication. Analysis of one of the interaction partners of the 5′-UTR (Lamp2a) demonstrated its role in reducing the viral RNA level in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Collectively, our study provides a resource of SARS-CoV-2 UTR-binding proteins and identifies an important role for host Lamp2a protein during viral infection.
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Manso AM, Hashem SI, Nelson BC, Gault E, Soto-Hermida A, Villarruel E, Brambatti M, Bogomolovas J, Bushway PJ, Chen C, Battiprolu P, Keravala A, Schwartz JD, Shah G, Gu Y, Dalton ND, Hammond K, Peterson K, Saftig P, Adler ED. Systemic AAV9.LAMP2B injection reverses metabolic and physiologic multiorgan dysfunction in a murine model of Danon disease. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/535/eaax1744. [PMID: 32188720 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Danon disease (DD) is a rare X-linked autophagic vacuolar myopathy associated with multiorgan dysfunction, including the heart, skeletal muscle, and liver. There are no specific treatments, and most male patients die from advanced heart failure during the second or third decade of life. DD is caused by mutations in the lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene, a key mediator of autophagy. LAMP2 has three isoforms: LAMP2A, LAMP2B, and LAMP2C. LAMP2B is the predominant isoform expressed in cardiomyocytes. This study evaluates the efficacy of human LAMP2B gene transfer using a recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 carrying human LAMP2B (AAV9.LAMP2B) in a Lamp2 knockout (KO) mouse, a DD model. AAV9.LAMP2B was intravenously injected into 2- and 6-month-old Lamp2 KO male mice to assess efficacy in adolescent and adult phenotypes. Lamp2 KO mice receiving AAV9.LAMP2B demonstrated dose-dependent restoration of human LAMP2B protein in the heart, liver, and skeletal muscle tissue. Impaired autophagic flux, evidenced by increased LC3-II, was abrogated by LAMP2B gene transfer in all tissues in both cohorts. Cardiac function was also improved, and transaminases were reduced in AAV9.LAMP2B-treated KO mice, indicating favorable effects on the heart and liver. Survival was also higher in the older cohort receiving high vector doses. No anti-LAMP2 antibodies were detected in mice that received AAV9.LAMP2B. In summary, LAMP2B gene transfer improves metabolic and physiologic function in a DD murine model, suggesting that a similar therapeutic approach may be effective for treating patients with this highly morbid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Manso
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sherin I Hashem
- Department of Pathology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bradley C Nelson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Emily Gault
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Angel Soto-Hermida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Elizza Villarruel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michela Brambatti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Paul J Bushway
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gaurav Shah
- Rocket Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY 10118, USA
| | - Yusu Gu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nancy D Dalton
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kirk Hammond
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kirk Peterson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute, Christian Albrechts-University, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Eric D Adler
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.
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Suzuki H, Morita Y, Saito R, Tatebe S, Niihori T, Saiki Y, Yasuda S, Shimokawa H. Detection of intracellular histological abnormalities using cardiac magnetic resonance T1 mapping in patients with Danon disease: a case series. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CASE REPORTS 2021; 5:ytab145. [PMID: 34268477 PMCID: PMC8276603 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytab145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Danon disease is an X-linked dominant disorder with defects in the lysosome-associated
membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene and is characterized histologically by intracellular
autophagic vacuoles in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1
mapping potentially allows to differentiate intracellular and extracellular cardiac
abnormalities with a combination of native T1 value and extracellular volume (ECV)
fraction. Case summary We assessed CMR T1 mapping in two Danon disease patients (a 22-year-old man and his
48-year-old mother), who had a LAMP2 c.864G>A p. Val288Val mutation, and two blood
relatives without Danon disease (his 47-year-old maternal aunt and 49-year-old father).
The male patient underwent a left ventricular (LV) assist device implantation at
15 months after the image acquisition because he was inotrope dependent (INTERMACS
profile 3) and had no noticeable psychological or musculoskeletal symptoms. His mother
was in New York Heart Association Class II with mildly reduced LV ejection fraction
(46%). The Danon group showed late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in the anterior and
posterolateral LV walls. In the interventricular wall, where evident LGE was not noted,
the Danon group had high native T1 value, compared with the T1 value in the non-Danon
group, and normal ECV fraction. Cardiac biopsy from the interventricular wall showed
intracytoplasmic autophagic vacuoles, which are characteristics of Danon disease. Discussion This characteristic pattern of high native T1 and normal ECV fraction in the areas
without LGE, which may reflect the existence of intracytoplasmic autophagic vacuoles,
may support the differential diagnosis of Danon disease from other cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8573, Japan.,Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, Du Cane Raod, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yoshiaki Morita
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.,National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryoko Saito
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tatebe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Niihori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Saiki
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.,National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Kozunomori 4-3, Narita 286-8686, Japan
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Triolo M, Hood DA. Manifestations of Age on Autophagy, Mitophagy and Lysosomes in Skeletal Muscle. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051054. [PMID: 33946883 PMCID: PMC8146406 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the loss of both muscle mass and function with age. Although the molecular underpinnings of sarcopenia are not fully understood, numerous pathways are implicated, including autophagy, in which defective cargo is selectively identified and degraded at the lysosome. The specific tagging and degradation of mitochondria is termed mitophagy, a process important for the maintenance of an organelle pool that functions efficiently in energy production and with relatively low reactive oxygen species production. Emerging data, yet insufficient, have implicated various steps in this pathway as potential contributors to the aging muscle atrophy phenotype. Included in this is the lysosome, the end-stage organelle possessing a host of proteolytic and degradative enzymes, and a function devoted to the hydrolysis and breakdown of defective molecular complexes and organelles. This review provides a summary of our current understanding of how the autophagy-lysosome system is regulated in aging muscle, highlighting specific areas where knowledge gaps exist. Characterization of the autophagy pathway with a particular focus on the lysosome will undoubtedly pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat age-related muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Triolo
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - David A. Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(416)-736-2100 (ext. 66640)
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LAMP2 deficiency attenuates the neurodegeneration markers induced by HSV-1 infection. Neurochem Int 2021; 146:105032. [PMID: 33781848 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests a major role of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among them, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection has emerged as a major factor in the etiology of AD. HSV-1 is able to induce some of the main alterations of the disease such as hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and accumulation of amyloid-β peptide. Functional genomic analysis of a cell model of HSV-1 infection and oxidative stress developed in our laboratory revealed lysosomal system to be the main pathway altered, and the lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene one of the most strongly modulated genes. The aim of this work is to study LAMP2 as an AD candidate gene and to investigate its role in the neurodegeneration induced by HSV-1 using a LAMP2 knockdown cell model. LAMP2 deficiency led to a significant reduction of viral DNA replication and formation of infectious particles. In addition, tau hyperphosphorylation and inhibition of Aβ secretion induced by the virus were attenuated by the absence of LAMP2. Finally, genetic association studies revealed LAMP2 genetic variants to be associated with AD risk. In summary, our data indicate that LAMP2 could be a suitable candidate to mediate the AD-like phenotype caused by HSV-1.
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Hong KN, Brambatti M, John S, Bui QM, Rigolli M, Taylor M, Adler ED. Recommendations and guidance on the diagnosis and management of Danon disease. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2021.1882994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly N. Hong
- Department of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michela Brambatti
- Department of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sonya John
- Department of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Quan M. Bui
- Department of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marzia Rigolli
- Department of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- CU-Cardiovascular Institute and Adult Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric D. Adler
- Department of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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31
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Zhang L, Yang F, Chen M, Zhou M, Qian T, Mujtaba MO, Mohammed AH, Yin J, Cheng X, Chen J, Qin Y, Yang S. Case Report: Identification of Mutations in LAMP2 in Two Chinese Infants With Danon Disease. Front Genet 2021; 11:589838. [PMID: 33505424 PMCID: PMC7831386 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.589838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Danon disease (DD) is a monogenic lysosomal storage disorder characterized by cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and variable degrees of intellectual disability. It is caused by a deficiency of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2). Two unrelated boys who presented with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and elevated levels of liver enzymes, and were diagnosed with Danon disease at a very young age, were investigated. One boy was diagnosed at 4 months old and died soon after; his mother also died of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy shortly after his birth. Another developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at 3 months old but reported no significant cardiovascular symptoms during more than 5 years follow-up. Genetic screening found compound variants of LAMP2 and MYH7 in both of them. This report highlights the clinical heterogeneity in DD. The timely identification of LAMP2 mutation plays a critical role in their treatment and family counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianwei Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mohammed Omer Mujtaba
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Abdul Haseeb Mohammed
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuming Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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32
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Liao Z, Wang B, Liu W, Xu Q, Hou L, Song J, Guo Q, Li N. Dysfunction of chaperone-mediated autophagy in human diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1439-1454. [PMID: 33389491 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), one of the degradation pathways of proteins, is highly selective to substrates that have KFERQ-like motif. In this process, the substrate proteins are first recognized by the chaperone protein, heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70), then delivered to lysosomal membrane surface where the single-span lysosomal receptor, lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A) can bind to the substrate proteins to form a 700 kDa protein complex that allows them to translocate into the lysosome lumen to be degraded by the hydrolytic enzymes. This degradation pathway mediated by CMA plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, transcription, DNA reparation, cell cycle, cellular response to stress and consequently, regulating many aging-associated human diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of current research on the functional roles of CMA primarily from a perspective of understanding and treating human diseases and also discuss its potential applications for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Electronic Information, Micro-Nano Technology College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinlian Song
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingming Guo
- Biotherapy Center, Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Myerowitz R, Puertollano R, Raben N. Impaired autophagy: The collateral damage of lysosomal storage disorders. EBioMedicine 2021; 63:103166. [PMID: 33341443 PMCID: PMC7753127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), which number over fifty, are monogenically inherited and caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins that are involved in lysosomal function. Lack of the functional protein results in storage of a distinctive material within the lysosomes, which for years was thought to determine the pathophysiology of the disorder. However, our current view posits that the primary storage material disrupts the normal role of the lysosome in the autophagic pathway resulting in the secondary storage of autophagic debris. It is this "collateral damage" which is common to the LSDs but nonetheless intricately nuanced in each. We have selected five LSDs resulting from defective proteins that govern widely different lysosomal functions including glycogen degradation (Pompe), lysosomal transport (Cystinosis), lysosomal trafficking (Danon), glycolipid degradation (Gaucher) and an unidentified function (Batten) and argue that despite the disparate functions, these proteins, when mutant, all impair the autophagic process uniquely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Myerowitz
- Department of Biology St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City Maryland, 20686, USA
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, 50 South Dr./Room 3533, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nina Raben
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, 50 South Dr./Room 3533, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Zhang Y, Ren H, Zhou S. A case report of delayed diagnosis of danon disease: Caused by a newly recognized mutation in the lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 gene. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22640. [PMID: 33019488 PMCID: PMC7535637 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Danon disease is a rare X-linked dominant genetic disorder caused by defects in the lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene. Unless treated, cardiogenic death is the main cause of mortality. This case report describes a 19-year-old man who was diagnosed with Danon disease and survived for 3 years from symptom onset to death. The mutation in his LAMP2 gene (p.Gly221Ilefs*19) had not been previously reported. PATIENT CONCERNS A 19-year-old man patient was hospitalized for intermittent palpitations. He had no family history of cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, or sudden cardiac death, but his sister had died of cirrhosis at age 12 years, but the exact cause of cirrhosis was unknown. DIAGNOSIS Exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing identified a novel missense mutation (p.Gly221Ilefs*19) in the LAMP2 gene of the proband. This mutation was also detected in his mother, confirming the diagnosis of Danon disease. INTERVENTIONS The patient experienced various types of arrhythmia throughout the clinical process, including Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, non-sustained atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, and third-degree atrioventricular block. He was therefore treated with cardiac ablation procedures and cardiac resynchronization therapy. OUTCOMES The period from the onset of symptoms to the onset of heart failure was 2 years. The patient died of cardiogenic death during the third year, at age 22 years. LESSONS Danon disease is a rare disease that is difficult to recognize because of its hidden early manifestations. Early identification of its clinical symptoms can lead to early diagnosis and treatment.
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Zhu SY, Yao RQ, Li YX, Zhao PY, Ren C, Du XH, Yao YM. Lysosomal quality control of cell fate: a novel therapeutic target for human diseases. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:817. [PMID: 32999282 PMCID: PMC7528093 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, lysosomes are digestive centers where biological macromolecules are degraded by phagocytosis and autophagy, thereby maintaining cellular self-renewal capacity and energy supply. Lysosomes also serve as signaling hubs to monitor the intracellular levels of nutrients and energy by acting as platforms for the assembly of multiple signaling pathways, such as mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The structural integrity and functional balance of lysosomes are essential for cell function and viability. In fact, lysosomal damage not only disrupts intracellular clearance but also results in the leakage of multiple contents, which pose great threats to the cell by triggering cell death pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. The collapse of lysosomal homeostasis is reportedly critical for the pathogenesis and development of various diseases, such as tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Lysosomal quality control (LQC), comprising lysosomal repair, lysophagy, and lysosomal regeneration, is rapidly initiated in response to lysosomal damage to maintain lysosomal structural integrity and functional homeostasis. LQC may be a novel but pivotal target for disease treatment because of its indispensable role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center and Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center and Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Yue Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ren
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center and Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Du
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center and Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Gunata M, Parlakpinar H. A review of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury: Pathophysiology, experimental models, biomarkers, genetics and pharmacological treatment. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:190-217. [PMID: 32892450 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are known to be the most fatal diseases worldwide. Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is at the centre of the pathology of the most common cardiovascular diseases. According to the World Health Organization estimates, ischaemic heart disease is the leading global cause of death, causing more than 9 million deaths in 2016. After cardiovascular events, thrombolysis, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary bypass surgery are applied as treatment. However, after restoring coronary blood flow, myocardial I/R injury may occur. It is known that this damage occurs due to many pathophysiological mechanisms, especially increasing reactive oxygen types. Besides causing cardiomyocyte death through multiple mechanisms, it may be an important reason for affecting other cell types such as platelets, fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells and immune cells. Also, polymorphonuclear leukocytes are associated with myocardial I/R damage during reperfusion. This damage may be insufficient in patients with co-morbidity, as it is demonstrated that it can be prevented by various endogenous antioxidant systems. In this context, the resulting data suggest that optimal cardioprotection may require a combination of additional or synergistic multi-target treatments. In this review, we discussed the pathophysiology, experimental models, biomarkers, treatment and its relationship with genetics in myocardial I/R injury. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: This review summarized current information on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (pathophysiology, experimental models, biomarkers, genetics and pharmacological therapy) for researchers and reveals guiding data for researchers, especially in the field of cardiovascular system and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gunata
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Li Z, Zhou X, Gao X, Bai D, Dong Y, Sun W, Zhao L, Wei M, Yang X, Yang G, Yuan L. Fusion protein engineered exosomes for targeted degradation of specific RNAs in lysosomes: a proof-of-concept study. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1816710. [PMID: 33133429 PMCID: PMC7580726 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1816710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutically intervening the function of RNA in vivo remains a big challenge. We here developed an exosome-based strategy to deliver engineered RNA-binding protein for the purpose of recruiting specific RNA to the lysosomes for degradation. As a proof-of-principle study, RNA-binding protein HuR was fused to the C-terminus of Lamp2b, a membrane protein localized in both exosome and lysosome. The fusion protein was able to be incorporated into the exosomes. Moreover, exosomes engineered with Lamp2b-HuR successfully decreased the abundance of RNA targets possibly via lysosome-mediated degradation, especially when the exosomes were acidified. The system was specifically effective in macrophages, which are lysosome enriched and resistant to routine transfection mediated RNAi strategy. In the CCl4-induced liver injury mouse model, we found that delivery of acidified exosomes engineered with Lamp2b-HuR significantly reduced liver fibrosis, together with decreased miR-155 and other inflammatory genes. In summary, the established exosome-based RNA-binding protein delivery strategy, namely “exosome-mediated lysosomal clearance”, takes the advantage of exosome in targeted delivery and holds great promise in regulating a set of genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhelong Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Gao
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Danna Bai
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbi Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Wei
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuekang Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yang
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Nishikawa R, Osaki M, Sasaki R, Ishikawa M, Yumioka T, Yamaguchi N, Iwamoto H, Honda M, Kabuta T, Takenaka A, Okada F. Splice variants of lysosome‑associated membrane proteins 2A and 2B are involved in sunitinib resistance in human renal cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1810-1820. [PMID: 32901843 PMCID: PMC7551029 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is among the first-line treatments for metastatic or advanced stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, patients with RCC develop resistance to sunitinib. We have previously demonstrated that lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP-2), which has three splice variants with different functions (LAMP-2A, LAMP-2B, and LAMP-2C), is involved in RCC. In the present study, we examined which splice variants of LAMP-2 contributed to sunitinib resistance in RCC cells. In vitro analysis using ACHN, human RCC cell line, revealed that the IC50 of sunitinib was significantly increased by overexpression of LAMP-2A and LAMP-2B, but not LAMP-2C (P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using clinical samples revealed an association between shorter survival and high expression of LAMP-2A and LAMP-2B, but not LAMP-2C, in patients with RCC treated with sunitinib (P=0.01). Furthermore, high expression of LAMP-2A and LAMP-2B in RCC revealed a weak to moderate inverse correlation with the tumor shrinkage rate and progression-free survival, respectively. Thus, high expression of LAMP-2A and LAMP-2B contributed to the acquisition of sunitinib resistance, indicating that the expression of these two variants can predict the efficacy of sunitinib treatment in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Nishikawa
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Osaki
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ishikawa
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yumioka
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Noriya Yamaguchi
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Hideto Iwamoto
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Honda
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kabuta
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187‑8502, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takenaka
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
| | - Futoshi Okada
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683‑8503, Japan
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LAMP-2 Is Involved in Surface Expression of RANKL of Osteoblasts In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176110. [PMID: 32854285 PMCID: PMC7504075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosome associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) are involved in several processes, among which is fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes. For the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts, the interaction between receptor activator of nuclear kappa β (RANK) and its ligand RANKL is essential. Osteoclast precursors express RANK on their membrane and RANKL is expressed by cells of the osteoblast lineage. Recently it has been suggested that the transport of RANKL to the plasma membrane is mediated by lysosomal organelles. We wondered whether LAMP-2 might play a role in transportation of RANKL to the plasma membrane of osteoblasts. To elucidate the possible function of LAMP-2 herein and in the formation of osteoclasts, we analyzed these processes in vivo and in vitro using LAMP-2-deficient mice. We found that, in the presence of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and RANKL, active osteoclasts were formed using bone marrow cells from calvaria and long bone mouse bone marrow. Surprisingly, an almost complete absence of osteoclast formation was found when osteoclast precursors were co-cultured with LAMP-2 deficient osteoblasts. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting FACS analysis revealed that plasma membrane-bound RANKL was strongly decreased on LAMP-2 deficient osteoblasts. These results suggest that osteoblastic LAMP-2 is required for osteoblast-induced osteoclast formation in vitro.
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40
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Demirdas S, van Slegtenhorst MA, Verdijk RM, Lee M, van den Hout HMP, Wessels MW, Frohn-Mulder IME, Gardeitchik T, van der Ploeg AT, Schaaf GJ. Delayed Diagnosis of Danon Disease in Patients Presenting With Isolated Cardiomyopathy. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2020; 12:e002395. [PMID: 30919683 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.118.002395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serwet Demirdas
- Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A.v.S., M.W.W.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A. v. S, M.L., M.W.W., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon A van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A.v.S., M.W.W.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A. v. S, M.L., M.W.W., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert M Verdijk
- Department of Pathology (R.M.V.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Lee
- Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A. v. S, M.L., M.W.W., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hannerieke M P van den Hout
- Department of Pediatrics (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marja W Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A.v.S., M.W.W.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A. v. S, M.L., M.W.W., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M E Frohn-Mulder
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics (I.M.E.F.-M.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thatjana Gardeitchik
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (T.J.)
| | - Ans T van der Ploeg
- Department of Pediatrics (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerben J Schaaf
- Department of Clinical Genetics (S.D., M.A. v. S, M.L., M.W.W., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases (M.L., H.M.P.v.d.H., A.T.v.d.P., G.J.S.), Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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41
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Update Review about Metabolic Myopathies. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10040043. [PMID: 32316520 PMCID: PMC7235760 DOI: 10.3390/life10040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss recent findings and new insights in the etiology and phenotype of metabolic myopathies. The review relies on a systematic literature review of recent publications. Metabolic myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by mostly inherited defects of enzymatic pathways involved in muscle cell metabolism. Metabolic myopathies present with either permanent (fixed) or episodic abnormalities, such as weakness, wasting, exercise-intolerance, myalgia, or an increase of muscle breakdown products (creatine-kinase, myoglobin) during exercise. Though limb and respiratory muscles are most frequently affected, facial, extra-ocular, and axial muscles may be occasionally also involved. Age at onset and prognosis vary considerably. There are multiple disease mechanisms and the pathophysiology is complex. Genes most recently related to metabolic myopathy include PGM1, GYG1, RBCK1, VMA21, MTO1, KARS, and ISCA2. The number of metabolic myopathies is steadily increasing. There is limited evidence from the literature that could guide diagnosis and treatment of metabolic myopathies. Treatment is limited to mainly non-invasive or invasive symptomatic measures. In conclusion, the field of metabolic myopathies is evolving with the more widespread availability and application of next generation sequencing technologies worldwide. This will broaden the knowledge about pathophysiology and putative therapeutic strategies for this group of neuromuscular disorders.
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The Role of Proteostasis in the Regulation of Cardiac Intercellular Communication. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1233:279-302. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38266-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abdrakhmanov A, Gogvadze V, Zhivotovsky B. To Eat or to Die: Deciphering Selective Forms of Autophagy. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:347-364. [PMID: 32044127 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process whereby damaged and redundant components of the cell are degraded in structures called autophagolysosomes. Currently, three main types of autophagy are recognized: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). However, we still know little about some specific types of autophagy that are linked to various intracellular compartments and their roles in the physiology of the whole organism and connections to various diseases. Here, we aim to shed light on the latest insights on and mechanisms of several selective forms of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alibek Abdrakhmanov
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Cui L, Zhao LP, Ye JY, Yang L, Huang Y, Jiang XP, Zhang Q, Jia JZ, Zhang DX, Huang Y. The Lysosomal Membrane Protein Lamp2 Alleviates Lysosomal Cell Death by Promoting Autophagic Flux in Ischemic Cardiomyocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:31. [PMID: 32117965 PMCID: PMC7019187 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) has recently been recognized as an important cell death pathway in various cell types. However, studies regarding the correlation between LMP and cardiomyocyte death are scarce. Lysosomal membrane-associated protein 2 (Lamp2) is an important component of lysosomal membranes and is involved in both autophagy and LMP. In the present study, we found that the protein content of Lamp2 gradually decreased in response to oxygen, glucose and serum deprivation (OGD) treatment in vitro. To further elucidate its role in ischemic cardiomyocytes, particularly with respect to autophagy and LMP, we infected cardiomyocytes with adenovirus carrying full-length Lamp2 to restore its protein level in cells. We found that OGD treatment resulted in the occurrence of LMP and a decline in the viability of cardiomyocytes, which were remarkably reversed by Lamp2 restoration. Exogenous expression of Lamp2 also significantly alleviated the autophagic flux blockade induced by OGD treatment by promoting the trafficking of cathepsin B (Cat B) and cathepsin D (Cat D). Through drug intervention and gene regulation to alleviate and exacerbate autophagic flux blockade respectively, we found that impaired autophagic flux in response to ischemic injury contributed to the occurrence of LMP in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, our present data suggest that Lamp2 overexpression can improve autophagic flux blockade probably by promoting the trafficking of cathepsins and consequently conferring cardiomyocyte resistance against lysosomal cell death (LCD) that is induced by ischemic injury. These results may indicate a new therapeutic target for ischemic heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhao
- Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Ying Ye
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xu-Pin Jiang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jie-Zhi Jia
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Xia Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuesheng Huang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Kato Y, Arakawa S, Terasawa K, Inokuchi JI, Iwata T, Shimizu S, Watabe T, Hara-Yokoyama M. The ceramide analogue N-(1-hydroxy-3-morpholino-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)decanamide induces large lipid droplet accumulation and highlights the effect of LAMP-2 deficiency on lipid droplet degradation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126891. [PMID: 31874824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Excess accumulation of intracellular lipids leads to various diseases. Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous cellular organelles for lipid storage. LDs are hydrolyzed via cytosolic lipases (lipolysis) and also degraded in lysosomes through autophagy; namely, lipophagy. A recent study has shown the size-dependent selection of LDs by the two major catabolic pathways (lipolysis and lipophagy), and thus experimental systems that can manipulate the size of LDs are now needed. The ceramide analogue N-(1-hydroxy-3-morpholino-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)decanamide (PDMP) affects the structures and functions of lysosomes/late endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and alters cholesterol homeostasis. We previously reported that PDMP induces autophagy via the inhibition of mTORC1. In the present study, we found that PDMP induced the accumulation of LDs, especially that of large LDs, in mouse fibroblast (L cells). Surprisingly, the LD accumulation was relieved by PDMP in L cells deficient in lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2), which is reportedly important for lipophagy. An electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the LAMP-2 deficiency caused enlarged autophagosomes/autolysosomes in L cells, which may promote the sequestration and degradation of the PDMP-dependent large LDs. Accordingly, PDMP will be useful to explore the mechanism of LD degradation, by inducing large LDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kato
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Satoko Arakawa
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kazue Terasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Miki Hara-Yokoyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
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Lee JJ, Ishihara K, Notomi S, Efstathiou NE, Ueta T, Maidana D, Chen X, Iesato Y, Caligiana A, Vavvas DG. Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 deficiency increases the risk of reactive oxygen species-induced ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:414-419. [PMID: 31672277 PMCID: PMC6935401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2), is a highly glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein involved in chaperone mediated autophagy. Mutations of LAMP2 cause the classic triad of myopathy, cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy of Danon disease (DD). Additionally, retinopathy has also been observed in young DD patients, leading to vision loss. Emerging evidence show LAMP2-deficiency to be involved in oxidative stress (ROS) but the mechanism remains obscure. In the present study, we found that tert-butyl hydroperoxide or antimycin A induced more cell death in LAMP2 knockdown (LAMP2-KD) than in control ARPE-19 cells. Mechanistically, LAMP2-KD reduced the concentration of cytosolic cysteine, resulting in low glutathione (GSH), inferior antioxidant capability and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. ROS induced RPE cell death through ferroptosis. Inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) increased lethality in LAMP2-KD cells compared to controls. Cysteine and glutamine supplementation restored GSH and prevented ROS-induced cell death of LAMP2-KD RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Jer Lee
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kenji Ishihara
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shoji Notomi
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nikolaos E Efstathiou
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takashi Ueta
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Maidana
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Iesato
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alberto Caligiana
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Quan M, Hong MW, Ko MS, Kim YY. Relationships Between Disc Degeneration and Autophagy Expression in Human Nucleus Pulposus. Orthop Surg 2019; 12:312-320. [PMID: 31802633 PMCID: PMC7031585 DOI: 10.1111/os.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elaborate on the relationship between degeneration grade and autophagy expression in human nucleus pulposus obtained from surgical procedures. METHODS For the 16 patients included in the present study, we determined the Pfirrmann classifications of degenerative lesions by MRI. Western blot analysis, LC3, LAMP2, and p62 protein expressions were quantified in different degeneration grades of disc nucleus pulposus. Double immunofluorescence staining was used to show co-localization of LC3 and LAMP2, and immunohistochemistry to show LC3 and p62 in the nucleus pulposus. RESULTS In the western blot analysis, LC3-II was highly expressed in grade III and decreased progressively from grade IV to V. In addition, LC3-II expression in grade III was significantly higher than in grade II, IV, and V (P < 0.05). LAMP2 expression in grade V was significantly higher than that in grade II, III, and IV (P < 0.05). P62 increased with decreasing autophagy expression up through grade V. In the double staining, the LC3 level was highly expressed in grade III and decreased progressively from grades IV to V, as in the western blot analysis. LAMP2 rose with increasing disc degeneration grade through grade V. In the quantitative analysis of colocalization, grade III is significantly higher than grade II and V (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that LC3 was highly expressed in grade III but weakly expressed in other grades, with few positive areas around the nucleus pulposus. However, p62 increased progressively with increasing disc degeneration grade. CONCLUSION Pfirrmann grade III disc degeneration showed that autophagosomes were formed, which led to the reversible decomposition of degenerative substances. Thus, by analyzing the effect of autophagy on degenerative discs, we showed the possibility of reversing degenerative changes, but only in grades III and lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Quan
- Department of Orthopedics, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myoung-Wha Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Myung-Sup Ko
- Department of Orthopedics, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Yul Kim
- Department of Orthopedics, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Cenacchi G, Papa V, Pegoraro V, Marozzo R, Fanin M, Angelini C. Review: Danon disease: Review of natural history and recent advances. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2019; 46:303-322. [DOI: 10.1111/nan.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Cenacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences “Alma Mater” University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - V. Papa
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences “Alma Mater” University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - V. Pegoraro
- Neurobiology Laboratory IRCCS San Camillo Hospital VeniceItaly
| | - R. Marozzo
- Neurobiology Laboratory IRCCS San Camillo Hospital VeniceItaly
| | - M. Fanin
- Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - C. Angelini
- Neuromuscular Department IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Venice Italy
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Jalali Z, Parvaz N. Molecular evolution of autophagy rate-limiting factor LAMP2 in placental mammals. Gene 2019; 727:144231. [PMID: 31707000 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is the cellular process of removal of misfolded or damaged macromolecules and organelles. Experimental studies have demonstrated autophagy as a major mechanism of lifespan extension in long-lived mammals such as bats and mole rat rodents. Moreover, the role of this biological process has been well documented in protection against age-associated diseases and viral infection. However, studies on the molecular adaptive changes of autophagy factors during evolution are scarce. Here, we conducted a bioinformatics study of the molecular evolution of the Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 2 (LAMP2), as a rate-limiting factor in the lysosomal degradation stage of autophagy (the communal step of two of autophagy types: macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated). Analyzing LAMP2 across placental mammals, our phylogenetic-based maximum likelihood analyses indicate that the majority of the coding sites undergo purifying selection. However, around 27% of sites display a relaxation of purifying constraints (average ω = 0.42128), among which, 14 particular sites undergo positive selection (ω > 1). These sites are mostly located in the first luminal domain of LAMP2 (N-domain), with a hotspot region in the 135-144 codons interval. Therefore, the N-domain may account for the functional diversity and regulation of LAMP2. In addition, the identified positive selection sites could act as key regulatory sites in the LAMP2 function. On the other hand, testing the rate of evolution in LAMP2 along different clades of placental mammals revealed a relatively relaxed evolution in LAMP2 along megabats' clade. It is not clear yet whether an expedited evolution of LAMP2 in megabats has contributed to their reported up-regulation of autophagy. Finally, our data indicate positive selection sites along the ancestral branch of the clades of rodents, mouse-related rodents, and mole-rats; and suggest the potentially important regulatory role of these sites in LAMP2. Identifying the residues under positive selection, our findings pave the way for future experimental investigations to define how these selective substitutions have functionally affected autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jalali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Najmeh Parvaz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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MiR-207 inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by directly targeting LAMP2 in type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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