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Boesoirie SF, Hasansulama W, Lasminingrum L, Novianto AT, Gatera VA, Aroeman NA, Boesoirie TS. The Role of Vitamins A and E Level in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with and without Cholesteatoma. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:3435-3442. [PMID: 38024126 PMCID: PMC10645589 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s414115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim High expression of lytic enzymes and cytokines is related to cell proliferation in Otitis Media Chronic Suppurative (CSOM) with cholesteatoma. In addition, the process of inflammation healing and maintenance of homeostatic conditions requires Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which can cause significant damage to cells. To address this issue, secondary antioxidants such as Vitamins A and E are used to inhibit and neutralize the occurrence of oxidation reactions. These vitamins complement each other, with vitamin A working effectively at low concentrations of oxygen, while vitamin E functions in the opposite manner. Purpose This study aims to investigate the roles of vitamin A and E levels in CSOM patients with Cholesteatoma. Patients and Methods The study was conducted between July and December 2020, and the method used was an analytical observational approach with a case-control design. The sample population comprised 60 CSOM patients divided into 2 groups. These included those with and without cholesteatoma. Results The results showed that there was no significant difference between these two groups in terms of the impact of vitamin A and E levels (respectively, p = 0.626, p = 0.864). Conclusion Considering these results, it was discovered that vitamins A and E levels do not influence the occurrence of CSOM with or without cholesteatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinta Fitri Boesoirie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Wijana Hasansulama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Lina Lasminingrum
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Arif Tria Novianto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Vesara Ardhe Gatera
- Department of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur – Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Nur Akbar Aroeman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Thaufiq Siddiq Boesoirie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
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Yıldız E, Kuzu S, Günebakan Ç, Balcı A. A New Biomarker in Differentiation of Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media from Squamous Chronic Otitis Media: The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII). Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:476-482. [PMID: 36514423 PMCID: PMC9741670 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) is a new biomarker based on the number of neutrophils, platelets, and lymphocytes in the Complete blood count, and is shown as diagnostic and prognostic in many diseases. Mucosal or Squamous COM differentiation is necessary preoperatively in chronic otitis media patients. The purpose of this study was to test the predictive value of inflammation markers to predict the differentiation of Mucosal COM and Squamous COM. Our aim is; using "SII" as a powerful test to differentiate cholesteatoma and active mucosal middle ear disease. In the present study, 300 patients who underwent mastoidectomy ± tympanoplasty between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two equal groups as clinical, microscopically, and pathologically Squamosal COM (Cholesteatoma) and Mucosal COM (Suppurative) (n = 150). Routine hemogram tests were performed for both groups. White blood cell, red blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet numbers were calculated. The SII value was calculated manually according to the formula of "neutrophil × platelet/lymphocyte. There were a total of 300 patients who were aged 20-63 in both groups. A total of 130 of these patients were male (43%), and 170 (57%) were female. In terms of NLR and PLR, Group 2 (Mucosal COM) had higher values at statistically significant levels (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). In terms of SII, Group 2 (Mucosal COM) had higher values at statistically significant levels (p < 0.001). According to the results of the ROC Analysis in our series, it was found that NLR, PLR, and SII values were above the acceptable level, and were statistically significant (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The cut-off value of SII was 470.29, sensitivity was 65.8, and specificity was 34. According to our study, high SII values in COM differentiation are very important in diagnosing Mucosal COM. SII values can help to the diagnosis in Squamous COM/Mucosal COM differentiation. There is no current practical, inexpensive, and widespread laboratory test used in the Mucosal/Squamous COM differentiation. SII can be diagnostic, and determine the treatment in this differentiation. A great number of studies are needed for SII values to become standard in COM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Yıldız
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Afyonkarahisar Şuhut State Hospital, 03800 Şuhut/Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Kuzu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Healty Science University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Çağlar Günebakan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Healty Science University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Aydın Balcı
- Department of Chest Disease, Healty Science University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Taysi S, Algburi FS, Mohammed Z, Ali OA, Taysi ME. Thymoquinone: A Review of Pharmacological Importance, Oxidative Stress, COVID-19, and Radiotherapy. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:1847-1875. [PMID: 34983346 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220104151225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Widely consumed worldwide, Nigella sativa (NS) is a medicinal herb commonly used in various alternative medicine systems such as Unani and Tibb, Ayurveda, and Siddha. Recommended for regular use in Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicine), NS is considered one of the most notable forms of healing medicine in Islamic literature. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main component of the essential oil of NS, has been reported to have many properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antineoplastic. Its chemical structure indicates antiviral potential against many viruses, including the hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and other coronavirus diseases. Interestingly, molecular docking studies have demonstrated that TQ can potentially inhibit the development of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by binding to the receptor site on the transmembrane serine proteinase 2 (the activator enzyme that attaches the virus to the cell). In addition, TQ has been shown to be effective against cancer cells due to its inhibitory effect by binding to the different regions of MDM2, according to the proposed molecular docking study. Detailed in this review is the origin of TQ, its significance in alternative medicine, pharmacological value, potential as a cancer anti-proliferative agent, use against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and treatment of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyithan Taysi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
| | - Firas Shawqi Algburi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Tikrit University, Iraq
| | - Zaid Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry and Technology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
| | - Omeed Akbar Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
| | - Muhammed Enes Taysi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical School, Bolu Izzet Baysal University- Bolu-Turkey
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Huang J, Teh BM, Xu Z, Yuan Z, Zhou C, Shi Y, Shen Y. The possible mechanism of Hippophae fructus oil applied in tympanic membrane repair identified based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24157. [PMID: 34859918 PMCID: PMC8761429 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of Hippophae fructus oil (HFO) in the treatment of tympanic membrane (TM) perforation through network pharmacology-based identification. METHODS The compounds and related targets of HFO were extracted from the TCMSP database, and disease information was obtained from the OMIM, GeneCards, PharmGkb, TTD, and DrugBank databases. A Venn diagram was generated to show the common targets of HFO and TM, and GO and KEGG analyses were performed to explore the potential biological processes and signaling pathways. The PPI network and core gene subnetwork were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. A molecular docking analysis was also conducted to simulate the combination of compounds and gene proteins. RESULTS A total of 33 compounds and their related targets were obtained from the TCMSP database. After screening the 393 TM-related targets, 21 compounds and 22 gene proteins were selected to establish the network diagram. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that HFO may promote TM healing by influencing cellular oxidative stress and related signaling pathways. A critical subnetwork was obtained by analyzing the PPI network with nine core genes: CASP3, MMP2, IL1B, TP53, EGFR, CXCL8, ESR1, PTGS2, and IL6. In addition, a molecular docking analysis revealed that quercetin strongly binds the core proteins. CONCLUSION According to the analysis, HFO can be utilized to repair perforations by influencing cellular oxidative stress. Quercetin is one of the active compounds that potentially plays an important role in TM regeneration by influencing 17 gene proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryNingbo Medical Center (Ningbo Lihuili Hospital)The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- School of MedicineNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Bing Mei Teh
- Department of Ear Nose and Throat, Head and Neck SurgeryEastern HealthBox HillVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryMonash HealthClaytonVictoriaAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ziqian Xu
- Department of DermatologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhechen Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryNingbo Medical Center (Ningbo Lihuili Hospital)The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- School of MedicineNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryNingbo Medical Center (Ningbo Lihuili Hospital)The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- School of MedicineNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Yunbin Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryNingbo Medical Center (Ningbo Lihuili Hospital)The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- School of MedicineNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryNingbo Medical Center (Ningbo Lihuili Hospital)The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- School of MedicineNingbo UniversityNingboChina
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Autophagy Is Deficient and May be Negatively Regulated by SERPINB3 in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma. Otol Neurotol 2020; 41:e881-e888. [PMID: 32569142 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Whereas autophagy has been linked to various human diseases, whether it also plays a role in cholesteatoma is virtually unknown. This study aimed to investigate the activity and regulation of autophagy in cholesteatoma. BACKGROUND The treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma has been challenging due to an insufficient understanding of the underlying disease mechanism. METHODS Expression of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3), the autophagy protein marker, and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), the known autophagy regulators, in fresh retroauricular skin and cholesteatoma tissue samples was analyzed by immunoblotting. The results were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry and statistical analyses. Cell proliferation of primary retroauricular skin- and cholesteatoma-derived fibroblasts was evaluated by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Ectopic expression of serine proteinase inhibitor, clade B, member 3 (SERPINB3) in the fibroblasts was achieved by electroporation and the expression was detected by immunoblotting. RESULTS LC3 expression was significantly decreased in cholesteatoma in most of the 15 paired retroauricular skin/cholesteatoma tissue samples. However, p-Akt and p-mTOR expression in the cholesteatoma samples was not significantly different from that in the control subjects. Immunohistochemical studies further demonstrated an inverse correlation between LC3 expression and cholesteatoma. The cholesteatoma fibroblasts proliferated faster than the retroauricular skin fibroblasts, and had higher SERPINB3 but lower LC3 expression. Furthermore, overexpression of SERPINB3 in the retroauricular skin fibroblasts enhanced cell proliferation and downregulated LC3 expression. CONCLUSION Autophagy is significantly suppressed in cholesteatoma tissues, which may not involve the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. More importantly, SERPINB3 may promote cell proliferation and negatively regulate autophagy in cholesteatoma fibroblasts. Together, these findings warrant further investigation into the pathogenic mechanism of cholesteatoma.
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Urotensin 2 and Oxidative Stress Levels in Maternal Serum in Pregnancies Complicated by Intrauterine Growth Restriction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55070328. [PMID: 31269637 PMCID: PMC6680954 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55070328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: In this study, the aim was to investigate Urotensin 2 (U-II) levels and oxidant/antioxidant system parameters in pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Materials and Methods: A total of 36 healthy, pregnant women who had not been diagnosed with IUGR and 36 pregnant women who had been diagnosed with IUGR at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic at Gaziantep University Hospital were enrolled in this study. The serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), thiol-disulfide levels, U-II measurements, and oxidative stress index (OSI) calculations were carried out at the biochemistry laboratory at Gaziantep University. Results: According to this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the group with IUGR and the control group of healthy, pregnant women in terms of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, native thiol/total thiol, and U-II values. There was, however, a positive linear correlation between TOS and total thiol levels in the group with IUGR (p = 0.021, r = 0.384), and a positive linear correlation between OSI and total thiol values in the control group (p = 0.049, r = 0.330). In addition, there was a negative correlation between disulfide levels and gestational weeks at birth in the group with IUGR (p = 0.027, r = 0.369). Conclusions: Consequently, there was no significant difference between the control group and the group with pregnancies complicated by idiopathic IUGR in terms of serum oxidant/antioxidant system parameters and U-II levels. It is necessary to conduct more extensive studies evaluating placental, maternal, and fetal oxidative stress in conjunction in order to investigate the role of oxidative stress in IUGR.
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Thiol-disulphide homeostasis in noncomplicated chronic otitis media. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.571633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lee DW, Oh SH, Park MK, Lim YH, Hong YC. Environmental cadmium exposure is associated with elevated risk of chronic otitis media in adults. Occup Environ Med 2018; 75:515-521. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2017-104631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesChronic otitis media (COM) is caused by an infection of the middle ear, although it may also be associated with environmental pollutants. Recent reports found that cadmium exposure could be toxic to middle ear cell lines, but the role of cadmium in the development of COM in humans has not been examined to date. We hypothesised that environmental cadmium exposure was associated with an increased risk of COM in the general population.MethodsWe analysed cross-sectional data for 5331 adults of 20 years of age or above, obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2012. We examined the association between blood cadmium levels and COM diagnosed by an otolaryngologist.ResultsThe highest quartile group of cadmium blood concentration was associated with an OR of 3.33 (95% CI 1.78 to 7.53) for COM, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Doubling blood cadmium concentration resulted in an OR of 1.58 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.08) for COM. These associations were robust on sensitivity analyses after excluding current smokers and former smokers and after excluding subjects with a potential history of occupational exposure to cadmium.ConclusionsThe results of our study suggest that environmental cadmium exposure is associated with increased risk of COM, and further studies are warranted to understand the pathogenetic mechanism by which COM is caused by cadmium exposure.
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Bilal N. Reply to the letter to the editor regarding "Comment on an evaluation of oxidative and nitrosative stress in children-who-stutter and its relationship to severity". Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 101:265. [PMID: 28843697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Bilal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
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Can Serum Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Be a Predictive Biomarker to Help Differentiate Active Chronic Otitis Media From Inactive Chronic Otitis Media? J Craniofac Surg 2017; 28:e260-e263. [PMID: 28468213 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000003484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The authors' aim was to investigate whether serum neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio might be used as a predictive biomarker to help differentiate active from inactive chronic otitis media (COM). METHODS Two hundred fifty-nine patients having inactive COM received tympanoplasty without mastoidectomy and were identified as Group 1. On the other hand, 254 patients having active COM received tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy and were identified as Group 2. Routine hemogram tests were performed preoperatively for both the groups. By performing a chart review, white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, and mean platelet volume values were compared between the groups in an age-matched and sex-matched manner. RESULTS A total of 513 COM patients with age range of 7 to 65 years were included in the study. Two hundred seventy-five patients (53.6%) were male, 238 were (46.4%) female. Preoperatively both serum neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in Group 2 (P = 0.015 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios between the groups were not significantly different (P = 0.511). CONCLUSION No statistically significant differences were identified from preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios between patients having active COM and inactive COM. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level NA.
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Preciado D, Granath A, Lin J, Val S, Kurabi A, Johnston N, Vijayasekaran S, Valdez T, Depireux D, Hermansson A. Panel 8: Report on Recent Advances in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 156:S106-S113. [PMID: 28372528 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816658290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To update the medical literature on recent cellular and molecular advances in otitis media disease models with a principal focus on developments in the past 5 years. We also aim to explain recent translational advances in cellular and molecular biology that have influenced our understanding and management of otitis media. Data Sources PubMed-indexed peer-reviewed articles. Review Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with the term otitis media and the following search terms: molecular biology, cell biology, innate immunity, oxidative stress, mucins, molecular diagnostics. Included articles were published in the English language from January 1, 2010, to July 31, 2015. Implications for Practice The molecular understanding of otitis media disease progression has rapidly advanced over the last 5 years. The roles of inflammation, mucins, and cell signaling mechanisms have been elucidated and defined. Advances in the field provide a plethora of opportunities for innovative molecular targeting in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Preciado
- 1 Shiekh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anna Granath
- 2 Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jizhen Lin
- 3 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stéphanie Val
- 1 Shiekh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Arwa Kurabi
- 4 Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Nikki Johnston
- 5 Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shyan Vijayasekaran
- 6 Department of Surgery, Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Tulio Valdez
- 7 Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Connecticut Children's Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Didier Depireux
- 8 Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ann Hermansson
- 9 Departments of Otolaryngology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Genetic polymorphisms affecting antioxidant enzymes are present in tympanosclerosis patients. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2016; 130:928-933. [PMID: 27534583 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215116008732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated genetic polymorphisms affecting the inducible nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in chronic otitis media patients with and without tympanosclerosis, and the role of genetic susceptibility in the disease aetiology. METHODS A total of 162 patients who underwent surgery for chronic otitis media were divided into two study groups: a tympanosclerosis group and a chronic otitis media group. A third, the control, group comprised 188 healthy volunteers. Venous blood samples were evaluated using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There was a significant difference in GG genotype distribution of the -277A>G polymorphism in the NOS2 gene between the tympanosclerosis and control groups (p T) polymorphism in the SOD2 gene (p > 0.05). There were significant differences in the TT genotype distribution of the -21A>T polymorphism in the CAT gene between the tympanosclerosis and control groups, and between the chronic otitis media and control groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest that genetic predisposition may play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of tympanosclerosis.
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Baysal E, Gulsen S, Aytac I, Celenk F, Ensari N, Taysi S, Binici H, Durucu C, Mumbuc S, Kanlikama M. Oxidative stress in otosclerosis. Redox Rep 2016; 22:235-239. [PMID: 27387094 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1207920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Otosclerosis is a disease involving abnormal bone turnover in the human otic capsule that results in hearing loss. Several hypotheses have been suggested for the etiopathogenesis of otosclerosis; however, its etiology remains unclear. METHODS This study evaluated the correlation between otosclerosis and levels of paraoxonase-1 (PON1), arylesterase, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total sulfhydryl (-SH) groups, lipid hydroperoxide, and ceruloplasmin in the serum of otosclerosis patients and healthy subjects with respect to oxidative stress. RESULTS In our study, TOS and OSI levels were higher in the otosclerosis patients than in the controls. The PON1 levels showed that oxidative stress was severe, and as a result, antioxidants were consumed and depleted. DISCUSSION When an imbalance between oxygen free radical production and antioxidative defense mechanisms occurs, reactive oxygen species levels may increase, which in turn may damage cells and tissues through the peroxidation of phospholipid membrane structures. The body initially responds with increased antioxidant production, but if the oxidative stress is severe, decreased antioxidant levels may result. This study reports expression levels of oxidative stress species in otosclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Baysal
- a Faculty of Medicine, Otolaryngology Department , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | | | | | - Fatih Celenk
- d Faculty of Medicine, Otolaryngology Department , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
| | - Nuray Ensari
- e Antalya Education and Research Hospital , Antalya , Turkey
| | - Seyithan Taysi
- f Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Department , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
| | - Habib Binici
- g Faculty of Medicine, Otolaryngology Department , Harran University , Sanliurfa , Turkey
| | - Cengiz Durucu
- d Faculty of Medicine, Otolaryngology Department , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
| | - Semih Mumbuc
- d Faculty of Medicine, Otolaryngology Department , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Kanlikama
- d Faculty of Medicine, Otolaryngology Department , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
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The evaluation of oxidative stress in the serum and tissue specimens of patients with chronic otitis media. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 8:97-101. [PMID: 26045906 PMCID: PMC4451549 DOI: 10.3342/ceo.2015.8.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To underline the effect of oxidative stress in chronic otitis media with and without cholesteatoma and to compare the oxidative stress values in the serum and tissue specimens in these two forms. Methods The study included a total of 75 individuals, 35 cases with chronic otitis media (COM; 16 females and 19 males) and a healthy control group of 40 cases (20 females and 20 males). The COM patient group was comprised of 18 patients with cholesteatoma and 17 patients without cholesteatoma. All patients underwent mastoidectomy. Serum specimens were taken prior to surgery and diseased tissue specimens from the ear were obtained during surgery from all patients. Only serum specimens were taken from the healthy control cases. The malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GHPx) were measured in the serum and tissue samples of the patient group and in the serum specimens of the control group. Results The age ranged from 14 to 48 years in the patient group (mean age, 20.4±12.2 years) and from 19 to 40 years in the control group (mean age, 26.4±4.64 years). When the serum values of all COM patients were compared with those of the control group, in the patient group MDA, which reflects lipid peroxidation, was found to be significantly higher (P<0.01) whereas the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GHPx were found to be significantly lower (P<0.01). When the serum and tissue MDA, SOD, CAT, and GHPx values in patients with and without cholesteatoma were compared, no significant difference was found these parameters (P>0.01). Conclusion Although oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of COM with or without cholesteatoma, it may not reflect the severity of the disease. In patients with COM, the evaluation of only serum oxidative stress values without tissue evaluation may be sufficient for assessing oxidative stress.
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Turan M, Ucler R, Aslan M, Kalkan F, Taskın A, Garca MF, Cankaya H. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with chronic otitis media. Redox Rep 2015; 20:241-5. [PMID: 25968808 DOI: 10.1179/1351000215y.0000000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) prevents oxidative stress by inhibiting the oxidation of cell membrane lipids by the reactive oxygen species that form during acute and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate serum PON1 activity and oxidative stress in patients with chronic otitis media (COM). METHODS Fifty consecutive patients with COM and 55 controls were enrolled in the present study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of cholesteatoma. The serum PON1 arylesterase activities and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels were determined. RESULTS Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in the COM patients than in the controls (P < 0.001 for all comparisons), whereas the LOOH levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION These results indicated that a lower level of PON1 activity was associated with an oxidant-antioxidant imbalance. In addition, decreased PON1 activity may play an important role in the pathophysiology of COM.
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Kuo CL. Etiopathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma: prominent theories and recent advances in biomolecular research. Laryngoscope 2014; 125:234-40. [PMID: 25123251 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review recent biomolecular advances in etiopathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE via OVID (to March 2014) and PubMed (to March 2014). REVIEW METHODS All articles referring to etiopathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma were identified in the above databases, from which 89 articles were included in this review. RESULTS The mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma remain a subject of competing hypotheses. Four theories dominate the debate, including theories of invagination, immigration, squamous metaplasia, and basal cell hyperplasia. However, no single theory has been able to explain the clinical characteristics of all cholesteatoma types: uncoordinated hyperproliferation, invasion, migration, altered differentiation, aggressiveness, and recidivism. Modern technologies have prompted a number of researchers to seek explanations at the molecular level. First, cholesteatomas could be considered an example of uncontrolled cell growth, capable of altering the balance toward cellular hyperproliferation and enhancing the capacity for invasion and osteolysis. Second, the dysregulation of cell growth control involves internal genomic or epigenetic alterations and external stimuli, which induce excessive host immune response to inflammatory and infectious processes. This comprises several complex and dynamic pathophysiologic changes that involve extracellular and intracellular signal transduction cascades. CONCLUSIONS This article summarizes the existing theories and provides conceptual insights into the etiopathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma, with the aim of stimulating continued efforts to develop a nonsurgical means of treating the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Lung Kuo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Department of Otolaryngology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University; Department of Otolaryngology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Department of Otolaryngology, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Britze A, Birkler RID, Gregersen N, Ovesen T, Palmfeldt J. Large-scale proteomics differentiates cholesteatoma from surrounding tissues and identifies novel proteins related to the pathogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104103. [PMID: 25093596 PMCID: PMC4122447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is the growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear. It is associated with severe complications and has a poorly understood etiopathogenesis. Here, we present the results from extensive bioinformatics analyses of the first large-scale proteomic investigation of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to take an unbiased approach to identifying alterations in protein expression and in biological processes, in order to explain the characteristic phenotype of this skin-derived tumor. Five different human tissue types (cholesteatoma, neck of cholesteatoma, tympanic membrane, external auditory canal skin, and middle ear mucosa) were analyzed. More than 2,400 unique proteins were identified using nanoLC-MS/MS based proteomics (data deposited to the ProteomeXchange), and 295 proteins were found to be differentially regulated in cholesteatoma. Validation analyses were performed by SRM mass spectrometry. Proteins found to be up- or down-regulated in cholesteatoma were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and clustered into functional groups, for which activation state and associations to disease processes were predicted. Cholesteatoma contained high levels of pro-inflammatory S100 proteins, such as S100A7A and S100A7. Several proteases, such as ELANE, were up-regulated, whereas extracellular matrix proteins, such as COL18A1 and NID2, were under-represented. This may lead to alterations in integrity and differentiation of the tissue (as suggested by the up-regulation of KRT4 in the cholesteatoma). The presented data on the differential protein composition in cholesteatoma corroborate previous studies, highlight novel protein functionalities involved in the pathogenesis, and identify new areas for targeted research that hold therapeutic potential for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Britze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Niels Gregersen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Therese Ovesen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Serum myeloperoxidase activity, total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide levels in patients with chronic otitis media. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:519-24. [PMID: 23756625 PMCID: PMC3695689 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media (COM), but the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COM has not yet been fully explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric oxide (NO) in patients with COM. Sixty-one patients with COM and 30 controls were enrolled in the present study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (n = 21) or absence (n = 40) of cholesteatoma. Serum MPO activity and 4-HNE, MDA and NO levels were significantly higher in patients with COM than controls (for all, p < 0.001), while TAC levels were significantly lower (for all, p < 0.001). Serum MPO activity and MDA, 4-HNE and NO levels were significantly higher in patients with cholesteatoma than in those without cholesteatoma, while TAC levels were significantly lower; but the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Increased oxidative stress seems to be associated with decreased antioxidant levels in patients with COM. Thus, increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of COM. It is believed that the administration of antioxidant vitamins such as A, C and E may be useful in preventing and treating COM.
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