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Gioacchini FM, Di Stadio A, De Luca P, Camaioni A, Pace A, Iannella G, Rubini C, Santarelli M, Tomassetti M, Scarpa A, Olivieri F, Re M. A pilot study to evaluate the expression of microRNA‑let‑7a in patients with intestinal‑type sinonasal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:69. [PMID: 38192674 PMCID: PMC10773186 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite its histological resemblance to colorectal adenocarcinoma, there is little information about the molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (ITAC). The present study investigated the possible role and clinical value of microRNA (miR)-let-7a, a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma-related miR, in a well-characterized and homogeneous cohort of patients with ethmoidal ITAC associated with occupational exposure, treated by primary surgery. miR-let-7a expression levels were analyzed in 23 pairs of ethmoidal ITAC and adjacent normal formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The expression was evaluated in tumor and healthy tissues according to: Tumor grade (G) of differentiation and extension, and pTNM stage, and presence/absence of recurrence. Comparisons within and between groups were performed using two-tailed Student's paired t-test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. miR-let-7a expression in ethmoidal ITAC tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05; mean expression level ± SD, 1.452707±1.4367189 vs. 4.094017±2.7465375). miR expression varied with pT stage. miR-let-7a was downregulated (P<0.05) in advanced stages (pT3-pT4) compared with earlier stages (pT1-pT2). Furthermore, downregulation of miR-let-7a in ITAC was associated with poorly-differentiated (G3) cancer (P<0.05). No other associations were observed between miR-let-7a expression and the other clinicopathological parameters, including disease-free survival. In conclusion, downregulation of miR-let-7a in ITAC was associated with advanced-stage (pT3 and pT4) and poorly-differentiated (G3) disease, suggesting that the mutation of this gene, combined with additional genetic events, could serve a role in ITAC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Maria Gioacchini
- Ear, Nose and Throat Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona Joint Hospitals, I-60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Di Stadio
- Gian Filippo Ingrassia Department, Otolaryngology Unit, University of Catania, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Pietro De Luca
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina-Gemelli Hospital, I-00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Camaioni
- Head and Neck Department, San Giovanni-Addolorata Hospital, I-00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pace
- Department of Sense Organs, University La Sapienza of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Department of Sense Organs, University La Sapienza of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Pathology and Histopathology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Santarelli
- Pathology and Histopathology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Tomassetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alfonso Scarpa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, I-60121 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Re
- Ear, Nose and Throat Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona Joint Hospitals, I-60020 Ancona, Italy
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Thanasan S, Ruangritchankul K, Kitkumthorn N, Keelawat S, Mahattanasakul P. Protein expression analysis for predicting recurrent laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Biomed Rep 2024; 20:15. [PMID: 38124771 PMCID: PMC10731163 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of a number of proteins plays a major role in predicting recurrent laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of 16 selected proteins as prognostic indicators for recurrent and non-recurrent LSCC. Samples from a total of 41 patients with LSCC were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Digital image analysis was performed, and various associated factors were calculated. Histoscore (H-score) and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to divide protein expression in high and low for predicting disease recurrence. Disease-free survival (DFS) curves, crude hazard ratios (HRs) and adjusted HRs were analyzed and compared. Significantly different H-scores were found between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups in terms of pRb and c-Met expression. pRb was expressed at high levels in recurrent LSCC, while c-Met was expressed at low levels. Patients with low pRb expression had a longer DFS than those with high pRb expression (log-rank χ2, 5.161; P=0.023). Patients with high c-Met expression had a longer DFS than those with low c-Met expression (log-rank χ2, 6.441; P=0.011). Moreover, patients with high pRb expression and low c-Met expression had the shortest DFS (log-rank χ2, 11.827; P=0.008). Differentiated histological factors had an impact on the risk of recurrence (Cox regression test; crude HR, 9.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.214-74.819; P=0.032). The present study demonstrated that the grading of differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, pRb and c-Met expression are the most useful prognostic factors for the prediction of recurrent LSCC. These might be further applied as potential markers for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwaporn Thanasan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Komkrit Ruangritchankul
- Special Task Force for Activating Research, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Somboon Keelawat
- Special Task Force for Activating Research, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Mahattanasakul
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Lin M, Lin N, Yu S, Sha Y, Zeng Y, Liu A, Niu Y. Automated Prediction of Early Recurrence in Advanced Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Deep Learning and Multi-parametric MRI-based Radiomics Nomogram. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:2201-2211. [PMID: 36925335 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Preoperative prediction of the recurrence risk in patients with advanced sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is critical for individualized treatment. To evaluate the predictive ability of radiomics signature (RS) based on deep learning and multiparametric MRI for the risk of 2-year recurrence in advanced SNSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative MRI datasets were retrospectively collected from 265 SNSCC patients (145 recurrences) who underwent preoperative MRI, including T2-weighted (T2W), contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1c) sequences and diffusion-weighted (DW). All patients were divided into 165 training cohort and 70 test cohort. A deep learning segmentation model based on VB-Net was used to segment regions of interest (ROIs) for preoperative MRI and radiomics features were extracted from automatically segmented ROIs. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and logistic regression (LR) were applied for feature selection and radiomics score construction. Combined with meaningful clinicopathological predictors, a nomogram was developed and its performance was evaluated. In addition, X-title software was used to divide patients into high-risk or low-risk early relapse (ER) subgroups. Recurrence-free survival probability (RFS) was assessed for each subgroup. RESULTS The radiomics score, T stage, histological grade and Ki-67 predictors were independent predictors. The segmentation models of T2WI, T1c, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) sequences achieved Dice coefficients of 0.720, 0.727, and 0.756, respectively, in the test cohort. RS-T2, RS-T1c and RS-ADC were derived from single-parameter MRI. RS-Combined (combined with T2WI, T1c, and ADC features) was derived from multiparametric MRI and reached area under curve (AUC) and accuracy of 0.854 (0.749-0.927) and 74.3% (0.624-0.840), respectively, in the test cohort. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) illustrate its value in clinical practice. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 2-year RFS rate for low-risk patients was significantly greater than that for high-risk patients in both the training and testing cohorts (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Automated nomograms based on multi-sequence MRI help to predict ER in SNSCC patients preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Naier Lin
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sihui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Sha
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Research Center, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Aie Liu
- Department of Research Center, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Niu
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Easwaran M, Martinez JD, Kim JB, Erickson-DiRenzo E. Modulation of mouse laryngeal inflammatory and immune cell responses by low and high doses of mainstream cigarette smoke. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18667. [PMID: 36333510 PMCID: PMC9636197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for laryngeal diseases. Despite well-documented cigarette smoke (CS) induced laryngeal histopathological changes, the underlying immunopathological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. The goal of this study was to evaluate inflammatory and immune cell responses in a CS-exposed larynx. Specifically, we used a 4-week subacute whole-body CS inhalation mouse model to assess these responses in the laryngeal mucosa upon exposure to low (LD; 1 h/day) and high dose (HD; 4 h/day) CS. Laryngeal tissues were harvested and evaluated using a 254-plex NanoString inflammation panel and neutrophil/macrophage/T-cell immunohistochemistry (IHC). NanoString global and differential gene expression analysis revealed a unique expression profile only in the HD group, with 26 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). StringDB KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of these DEGs with pro-inflammatory pathways including TNF/TNFα and IL-17. Furthermore, inflammatory responses remained inhibited in conjunction with predicted activated states of anti-inflammatory regulators like PPARγ and NFE2L2 upon Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Subglottic T-cell levels remained significantly inhibited as corroborated by IPA predictions. Overall, our key findings are consistent with HD exposures being anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive. Furthermore, the identification of important regulatory genes and enriched pathways may help improve clinical interventions for CS-induced laryngeal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Easwaran
- Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joshua D Martinez
- Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Juyong Brian Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Erickson-DiRenzo
- Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Re M, Tomasetti M, Monaco F, Amati M, Rubini C, Sollini G, Bajraktari A, Gioacchini FM, Santarelli L, Pasquini E. MiRNome analysis identifying miR-205 and miR-449a as biomarkers of disease progression in intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma. Head Neck 2021; 44:18-33. [PMID: 34647653 PMCID: PMC9292973 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (ITAC) have an unfavorable prognosis, and new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are needed to improve clinical management. METHODS Next-generation sequencing-based miRNome analysis was performed on 43 ITAC patients who underwent surgical resection, and microRNA (miRNA) data were obtained from 35 cases. Four miRNAs were identified, and their expression levels were detected by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and related to the relevant patient outcome. Overall survival and disease-free survival rates were evaluated through the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test, and multivariate analysis was performed by means of Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS High levels of miR-205 and miR-34c/miR-449 cluster expression were associated with an increased recurrence risk and, therefore, a worse prognosis. Multivariate analysis confirmed that miR-205 and miR-449 were significant prognostic predictors. CONCLUSIONS A high expression of miR-205 and miR-449 is independent predictors of poor survival for ITAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Re
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Monaco
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Amati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Anatomy Pathology and Histopathology Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Arisa Bajraktari
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Mitsuda J, Tsujikawa T, Yoshimura K, Saburi S, Suetsugu M, Kitamoto K, Takenaka M, Ohmura G, Arai A, Ogi H, Itoh K, Hirano S. A 14-Marker Multiplexed Imaging Panel for Prognostic Biomarkers and Tumor Heterogeneity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:713561. [PMID: 34490110 PMCID: PMC8417535 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.713561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances made in treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) highlight the need for new prediction tools to guide therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to develop a HNSCC-targeting multiplex immunohistochemical (IHC) panel that can evaluate prognostic factors and the intratumor heterogeneity of HNSCC. To identify IHC-based tissue biomarkers that constitute new multiplex IHC panel, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to analyze reported IHC biomarkers in laryngeal and pharyngeal SCC in the period of 2008–2018. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Reactome pathway databases were used to validate the prognostic and functional significance of the identified biomarkers. A 14-marker chromogenic multiplex IHC panel including identified biomarkers was used to analyze untreated HNSCC tissue. Forty-five high-quality studies and thirty-one candidate tissue biomarkers were identified (N = 7062). Prognostic validation in TCGA laryngeal and pharyngeal SCC cohort (N = 205) showed that β-catenin, DKK1, PINCH1, ADAM10, and TIMP1 were significantly associated with poor prognosis, which were related to functional categories such as immune system, cellular response, cell cycle, and developmental systems. Selected biomarkers were assembled to build a 14-marker panel, evaluating heterogeneity and polarized expression of tumor biomarkers in the tissue structures, which was particularly related to activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Integrated IHC analysis based on a systemic review and meta-analysis provides an in situ proteomics tool to assess the aggressiveness and intratumor heterogeneity of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mitsuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsujikawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kanako Yoshimura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sumiyo Saburi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaho Suetsugu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kayo Kitamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mari Takenaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gaku Ohmura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihito Arai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogi
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,SCREEN Holdings Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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MCM-2, Ki-67, and EGFR downregulated expression levels in advanced stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14607. [PMID: 34272446 PMCID: PMC8285532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the conceptual study investigated the capacity of minichromosome maintenance-2 (MCM-2), Ki-67, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to assess the severity and progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) disease and to study the correlations among these markers. A total of 30 patients with LSCC with immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for MCM-2, Ki-67 and EGFR were examined. Mean expression levels of the three markers were evaluated for comparing between early and advanced stages of LSCC. The mean MCM-2, Ki-67, and EGFR expression levels were significantly decreased in advanced-stage compared with early-stage LSCC. Pearson correlation analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the MCM-2 and Ki-67. Regarding subgroup analyses, MCM-2, Ki-67, and EGFR showed significant differences between early- and advanced-stage LSCC with non-recurrence, while for the recurrent subgroup LSCC, only MCM-2 revealed a significant difference between early- and advanced-stage LSCC. Altogether, these results support the role for downregulation of MCM-2, Ki-67 and EGFR in advanced-stage LSCC and correlation of MCM-2 and Ki-67 expressions that would be a promising strategy to predict prognosis of LSCC including severity and progression. We contextualize our findings and advocate the position of the biological markers, especially MCM-2, as an emerging evaluation tool for LSCC disease.
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Cavaliere M, Bisogno A, Scarpa A, D'Urso A, Marra P, Colacurcio V, De Luca P, Ralli M, Cassandro E, Cassandro C. Biomarkers of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a review. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 54:151787. [PMID: 34242969 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is the second common malignancy of the upper aerodigestive tract after lung cancer; in most cases is a squamous cell carcinoma, whose risk factors include tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. Despite therapeutic progress, the five-year overall survival rate for this malignancy has remained nearly 50% and many patients already present metastasis at the time of diagnosis. To date, there are no tools that predict the evolution of laryngeal carcinoma: in this light, during the last years, many studies were planned with the aim to investigate the role played by different biomarkers expressed by larynx cancer, which can help make an early diagnosis, predict disease evolution and direct therapeutic choice. This review aims to summarize these markers and correlating them with disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cavaliere
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonella Bisogno
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Alfonso Scarpa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessia D'Urso
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marra
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vito Colacurcio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pietro De Luca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ettore Cassandro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Claudia Cassandro
- Surgical Sciences Department, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10124 Turin, Italy
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Wang P, Tang Z, Xiao Z, Wu L, Hong R, Duan F, Wang Y, Zhan Y. Dual-energy CT in predicting Ki-67 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Radiol 2021; 140:109774. [PMID: 34004427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether multiple dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) parameters can noninvasively predict the Ki-67 expression (associated with survival and prognosis) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). METHODS Eighty-eight patients with histologically proven LSCC were retrospectively reviewed. Multiple DECT-derived parameters were measured and correlated with Ki-67 expression by Spearman correlation analysis. Comparisons of the DECT-derived parameters between tumors with low- and high-level expression of Ki-67 were made with the t-tests. RESULTS The iodine concentration (IC), normalized IC (NIC), effective atomic number (Zeff), 40-80 keV, and slope (k) values were positively correlated with Ki-67 expression (all p < 0.05, rho=0.367-0.548). Among all DECT-derived parameters, NIC value had the highest r value in correlation with Ki-67 expression. The IC, NIC, Zeff, 40-80 keV, and slope (k) values were significantly higher in LSCC with high Ki-67 expression than in those with low Ki-67 expression (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Multiple DECT-derived parameters (IC, NIC, Zeff, 40-80 keV, and slope (k)) can be used as predictors of survival and prognosis in LSCC, among which the NIC value is the strongest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, PR China
| | - Zuohua Tang
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Zebin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Lingjie Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rujian Hong
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Fei Duan
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Yuzhe Wang
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Yang Zhan
- The Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
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Mittal S, Bansal S. Expression of Ki-67 in early glottic carcinoma and its relation to oncological outcomes following CO 2 laser microsurgery. J Carcinog 2020; 19:7. [PMID: 33033463 PMCID: PMC7511892 DOI: 10.4103/jcar.jcar_7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The behavior of the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is marked by the degree of cell proliferation and differentiation. Ki-67 is regarded as a promising proliferation marker and has been correlated as a prognostic indicator. AIM: The aim of the present study is to determine the Ki-67 expression and its prognostic value in LSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of eighty patients with early glottic carcinoma stage (Tis, T1, T2) N0 M0 were included. After preoperative workup, surgery was performed using LUMINES 40C CO2 laser and tumor resection was done which was sent for histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC for Ki-67 expression could be done only on 65 specimens. RESULTS: All patients had microscopically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. Forty-eight out of 65 specimens (75%) stained positive for Ki-67 and 17 (25%) stained negative. Out of total 48, 29 stained 2+, 11 stained 3+ and 8 stained 4+. No difference was found in Ki-67 expression in relation to age, sex, T stage, and histological grading. The association of Ki-67 with recurrence was found to be statistically significant. The association of Ki-67 with survival was also studied and Ki-67 positivity is associated with increased mortality rate, although it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The proliferative index as measured by immunohistochemical staining of Ki-67 correlates with the tumor aggressiveness. High Ki-67 index is associated with early relapse and poor survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Mittal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nirmal Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Saurabh Bansal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, SRHU, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Wachters JE, Kop E, Slagter-Menkema L, Mastik M, van der Wal JE, van der Vegt B, de Bock GH, van der Laan BFAM, Schuuring E. Distinct Biomarker Profiles and Clinical Characteristics in T1-T2 Glottic and Supraglottic Carcinomas. Laryngoscope 2020; 130:2825-2832. [PMID: 32065407 PMCID: PMC7754398 DOI: 10.1002/lary.28532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background In early stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) radiotherapy with curative intent is a major treatment modality. TNM classification is used to define patients eligible for radiotherapy. Studies in early stage glottic LSCC identified several predictive biomarkers associated with local control. However, we recently reported that this predictive value could not be confirmed in supraglottic LSCC. Objective To examine whether clinical behavior and protein expression patterns of these biomarkers differ between glottic and supraglottic LSCC. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Tumor tissue sections of 196 glottic and 80 supraglottic T1‐T2 LSCC treated primarily with RT were assessed immunohistochemically for expression of pAKT, Ki‐67 and β‐Catenin. Expression data of HIF‐1α, CA‐IX, OPN, FADD, pFADD, Cyclin D1, Cortactin and EGFR in the same cohort of glottic and supraglottic LSCC, were retrieved from previously reported data. The relationship between glottic and supraglottic sublocalization and clinicopathological, follow‐up, and immunohistochemical staining characteristics were evaluated using logistic regression and Cox regression analyses. Results Glottic LSCC were correlated with male gender (P = .001), hoarseness as a primary symptom (P < .001), T1 tumor stage (P < .001), negative lymph node status (P < .001), and an older age at presentation (P = .004). Supraglottic LSCC patients developed more post‐treatment distant metastasis when adjusted for gender, age, and T‐status. While supraglottic LSCC was associated with higher expression of HIF‐1α (P = .001), Cortactin (P < .001), EGFR (P < .001), and Ki‐67 (P = .027), glottic LSCC demonstrated higher expression of CA‐IX (P = .005) and Cyclin D1 (P = .001). Conclusion Differences in clinicopathological and immunohistochemical staining characteristics suggest that T1‐T2 glottic and supraglottic LSCC should be considered as different entities. Level of Evidence N/A. Laryngoscope, 2020
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan E Wachters
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel Kop
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorian Slagter-Menkema
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Mastik
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline E van der Wal
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geertruida H de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard F A M van der Laan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Albasri AM, Elkablawy MA, Ansari IA, Alhujaily AS, Khalil AA. The prognostic significance of p63 cytoplasmic expression in colorectal cancer. An immunohistochemical study. Saudi Med J 2019; 40:432-439. [PMID: 31056618 PMCID: PMC6535166 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.5.24162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate p63 expression pattern in Saudi colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and correlate that with clinicopathological parameters and its role in carcinogenesis and prognosis. Methods: Archival tumor samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for p63 expression in 324 consecutive Saudi patients diagnosed with CRC between January 2006 and December 2017 at the Pathology Department of a tertiary care Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Results: P63 over-expression was absent in normal mucosa, while 12.5% cases of adenoma showed its over-expression. In CRC, p63 expression was high in 24.1% of cases. There were no significant correlations between p63 expression and gender, tumor location, tumor size, and tumor histologic differentiation. However, high p63 expression revealed a significant correlation with age (p=0.035), tumor type (p=0.004), American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (p=0.046), lymph node metastasis (p=0.006), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.006), distant metastasis (p=0.049) high Ki67 expression (p=0.000) and K-ras expression (p=0.002). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a shorter period of survival with p63 over-expression (p<0.001). The Cox-regression model analysis showed that p63 over-expression was an independent prognostic marker in CRC (p=0.000). Conclusion: P63 expression increased from normal to adenoma to carcinoma sequence. Moreover, p63 cytoplasmic expression seems to be related to high Ki67 indexing, K-ras expression, advanced tumor stage and poor clinical outcome of CRC. These findings suggest a significant role of cytoplasmic p63 expression in tumor progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkader M Albasri
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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The Relevance of Assessing the Cell Proliferation Factor Ki-67 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8142572. [PMID: 30766887 PMCID: PMC6350589 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8142572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of study was to investigate the expression of the proliferation factor Ki-67 and its relationship with histological grade, cancer stage, and treatment outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Samples from 78 patients with laryngeal cancer were analysed retrospectively. Paraffin sections of tumors were immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67 expression. The patients were divided in two groups according to the proliferative factor values (a low Ki-67 index group - Ki-67≤34 and high Ki-67 index group-Ki-67 >34). Statistical analysis of the data shows significant correlation among histological tumor grade and the value of the Ki-67 proliferative index. There was no correlation between tumoral Ki-67 expression and diagnosis, stage of the disease, or treatment outcome. In conclusion, Ki-67 expression in laryngeal cancer is not the most reliable marker for making precise diagnosis and predicting the clinical course.
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Yasukawa S, Kano S, Hatakeyama H, Nakamaru Y, Takagi D, Mizumachi T, Suzuki M, Suzuki T, Nakazono A, Tanaka S, Nishihara H, Homma A. Genetic mutation analysis of the malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma by targeted amplicon sequencing. Int J Clin Oncol 2018; 23:835-843. [PMID: 29779136 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-018-1296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of inverted papilloma (IP) has not yet been elucidated. METHODS To clarify the genes responsible for the malignant transformation, we analyzed 10 cases of IP, 8 of IP with dysplasia, and 11 of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by targeted amplicon sequencing. RESULTS The number of mutant genes increased in the order of IP < dysplasia < SCC. Significant differences were observed in the mutation rates of three genes (KRAS, APC and STK11) in particular. TP53 was altered frequently in each group and might be involved in malignant transformation based on to the site of the mutation. A comparison of the genetic variants by region of IP tissue among patients with IP alone, and those with dysplasia or SCC revealed significant differences in the mutation rate of the KRAS gene. CONCLUSION Identification of genetic mutations in KRAS is effective for predicting the malignant transformation of IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Yasukawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Hatakeyama
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamaru
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Dai Takagi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Mizumachi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masanobu Suzuki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Akira Nakazono
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Akihiro Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Non-invasive prediction of the tumor growth rate using advanced diffusion models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33631-33643. [PMID: 28430583 PMCID: PMC5464896 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed parameters of advanced diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) models for the prediction of the tumor growth rate in 55 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The DWI acquisition used single-shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging with 12 b-values (0−2000). We calculated 14 DWI parameters using mono-exponential, bi-exponential, tri-exponential, stretched exponential and diffusion kurtosis imaging models. We directly measured the tumor growth rate from two sets of different-date imaging data. We divided the patients into a discovery group (n = 40) and validation group (n = 15) based on their MR acquisition dates. In the discovery group, we performed univariate and multivariate regression analyses to establish the multiple regression equation for the prediction of the tumor growth rate using diffusion parameters. The equation obtained with the discovery group was applied to the validation group for the confirmation of the equation's accuracy. After the univariate and multivariate regression analyses in the discovery-group patients, the estimated tumor growth rate equation was established by using the significant parameters of intermediate diffusion coefficient D2 and slow diffusion coefficient D3 obtained by the tri-exponential model. The discovery group's correlation coefficient between the estimated and directly measured tumor growth rates was 0.74. In the validation group, the correlation coefficient (r = 0.66) and intra-class correlation coefficient (0.65) between the estimated and directly measured tumor growth rates were respectively good. In conclusion, advanced DWI model parameters can be a predictor for determining HNSCC patients’ tumor growth rate.
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Expression Levels and Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p, miR-let-7a, and miR-34c-5p in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3921258. [PMID: 29082244 PMCID: PMC5610801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3921258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective Altered microRNAs (miRNAs) expression has been found in many cancer types, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The aim of this study was to determine the role and clinical value of three LSCC-related miRs, such as miR-21-5p, miR-let-7a, and miR-34c-5p in a homogeneous cohort of patients with primary LSCC treated by primary surgery. Methods Expression levels of miR-21-5p, miR-let-7a, and miR-34c-5p were detected in 43 pairs of LSCC and adjacent normal tissues by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. Overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis. Results miR-21-5p is significantly upregulated, while miR-let-7a is significantly downregulated in LSCC tumor tissues compared with the corresponding adjacent normal tissues. The downregulation of miR-34c-5p expression significantly correlated with a shorter disease-free survival and, in the multivariate analysis, low miR-34c-5p expression was associated with an increased risk of recurrence. Conclusions miR-21-5p, miR-let-7a, and miR-34c-5p seem to play a critical role in LSCC carcinogenesis and might have a diagnostic and prognostic clinical value. The miR-let-7a levels could have a predictive role for lymph node metastases and miR-34c-5p might be a promising biomarker of patient outcome.
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Distinctive behaviour of live biopsy-derived carcinoma cells unveiled using coherence-controlled holographic microscopy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183399. [PMID: 28846747 PMCID: PMC5573213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most aggressive tumours and is typically diagnosed too late. Late diagnosis requires an urgent decision on an effective therapy. An individualized test of chemosensitivity should quickly indicate the suitability of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. No ex vivo chemosensitivity assessment developed thus far has become a part of general clinical practice. Therefore, we attempted to explore the new technique of coherence-controlled holographic microscopy to investigate the motility and growth of live cells from a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma biopsy. We expected to reveal behavioural patterns characteristic for malignant cells that can be used to imrove future predictive evaluation of chemotherapy. We managed to cultivate primary SACR2 carcinoma cells from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma biopsy verified through histopathology. The cells grew as a cohesive sheet of suspected carcinoma origin, and western blots showed positivity for the tumour marker p63 confirming cancerous origin. Unlike the roundish colonies of the established FaDu carcinoma cell line, the SACR2 cells formed irregularly shaped colonies, eliciting the impression of the collective invasion of carcinoma cells. Time-lapse recordings of the cohesive sheet activity revealed the rapid migration and high plasticity of these epithelial-like cells. Individual cells frequently abandoned the swiftly migrating crowd by moving aside and crawling faster. The increasing mass of fast migrating epithelial-like cells before and after mitosis confirmed the continuation of the cell cycle. In immunofluorescence, analogously shaped cells expressed the p63 tumour marker, considered proof of their origin from a carcinoma. These behavioural traits indicate the feasible identification of carcinoma cells in culture according to the proposed concept of the carcinoma cell dynamic phenotype. If further developed, this approach could later serve in a new functional online analysis of reactions of carcinoma cells to therapy. Such efforts conform to current trends in precision medicine.
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18
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Re M, Gioacchini FM, Bajraktari A, Tomasetti M, Kaleci S, Rubini C, Bertini A, Magliulo G, Pasquini E. Malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma and related genetic alterations: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274:2991-3000. [PMID: 28432463 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-017-4571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Schneiderian papillomas are uncommon tumors which may develop within the nasal cavity and comprise three well-defined histological types: sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), exophytic papilloma, and oncocytic papilloma. It is well known the rate of Schneiderian papilloma may also present a malignant degeneration and SNIP represents the most important subgroup in consideration of its frequency and malignant propensity. Although HPV infection is always considered the first event favoring the development of SNIP, however, it is not established as an eventual connection between viral actions and malignant transformation. In fact, different molecular mechanisms are suspected to play a crucial role in this process and, currently, many authors agree that only by improving our knowledge about these mechanisms it will be possible to achieve new and effective targeted therapies. So the aim of this study was firstly to systematically review the literature focusing on different biomarkers that could be implicated in the stages of SNIP malignant degeneration. Secondly, a systematic review with meta-analysis was performed to better define the incidence of sinonasal malignancies originating from Schneiderian papilloma (SNIP, exophytic papilloma, and oncocytic papilloma). Twenty-nine studies comprising a total of 3177 patients were statistically analyzed. Results showed a 9% (95% CI = 7-11) overall rate of malignant transformation from Schneiderian papilloma. In conclusion, this analysis confirmed that the potential malignancy of Schneiderian papilloma should not be underestimated. On the other hand, our review showed the paucity of studies investigating the molecular alterations which may be related with the malignant transformation of SNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Re
- ENT Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ospedali Riuniti of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - F M Gioacchini
- ENT Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ospedali Riuniti of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy.
| | - A Bajraktari
- ENT Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ospedali Riuniti of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Tomasetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Kaleci
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Clinical and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - C Rubini
- Pathologic Anatomy and Histopathology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Bertini
- ENT Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ospedali Riuniti of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Magliulo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics "G. Ferreri"University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - E Pasquini
- ENT Metropolitan Unit, Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Busch A, Bauer L, Wardelmann E, Rudack C, Grünewald I, Stenner M. Prognostic relevance of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and proliferation in surgically treated primary parotid gland cancer. J Clin Pathol 2016; 70:403-409. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Histological characterisation and prognostic evaluation of 62 gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2016; 20:311-9. [PMID: 27688729 PMCID: PMC5032160 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2016.61852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the significance of expression of synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and Ki-67 and their association with clinicopathological parameters, and to find out the possible prognostic factors in gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (G-NEC). MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated the immunohistochemical features and prognosis of 62 G-NECs, and evaluated the association among expressions of synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and Ki-67, clinicopathological variables, and outcome. RESULTS Chromogranin A expression was found more commonly in small-cell NECs (9/9, 100%) than in large-cell NECs (27/53, 51%) (p = 0.008). No statistical significance was found in Ki-67 (p = 0.494) or synaptophysin (p > 0.1) expression between NEC cell types. Correlation analyses revealed that Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with mid-third disease of stomach (p = 0.005) and vascular involvement (p = 0.006), and had a trend of significant correlation with tumour relapse (p = 0.078). High expression of chromogranin A was significantly associated with histology of small-cell NECs (p = 0.008) and lesser tumour greatest dimension (p = 0.038). The prognostic significance was determined by means of Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log-rank tests, and as a result, early TNM staging and postoperative chemotherapy were found to be correlated with longer overall survival (p < 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed associations between poor prognosis in NECs and several factors, including high TNM staging (p = 0.048), vascular involvement (p = 0.023), relapse (p = 0.004), and microscopic/macroscopic residual tumour (R1/2, p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, relapse was identified as the sole independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS No significant correlation between survival and expression of synaptophysin, chromogranin A, or Ki-67 has been determined in G-NECs. Our study indicated that early diagnosis, no-residual-tumour resection, and postoperative chemotherapy were possible prognostic factors.
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Sasaki CT, Vageli DP. miR-21, miR-155, miR-192, and miR-375 Deregulations Related to NF-kappaB Activation in Gastroduodenal Fluid-Induced Early Preneoplastic Lesions of Laryngeal Mucosa In Vivo. Neoplasia 2016; 18:329-38. [PMID: 27292022 PMCID: PMC4909705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroduodenal refluxate found in the upper aerodigestive tract is not clinically uncommon. We recently demonstrated the neoplastic potential of gastroduodenal fluids (GDF) on hypopharyngeal mucosa, via NF-κB, using in vitro and in vivo models. Here we will explore the in vivo effect of GDF on laryngeal mucosa (LM) to induce early preneoplastic lesions related to NF-κB activation, along with deregulation of specific microRNA (miRNA) markers previously linked to laryngeal cancer. We used histological, immunohistochemical, automated quantitative analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to examine LM from 35 C57Bl/6J mice previously treated with topical GDF against corresponding controls (4 experimental and 3 control groups; 5 mice/group). Our analysis showed that GDF produced early preneoplastic lesions in treated LM related to NF-κB activation. LM treated by acid and bile combination demonstrated significantly higher expression of the analyzed cell proliferation markers (Ki67, CK14, ∆Np63), oncogenic p-STAT3, and changes of cell adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, ϐ-catenin) versus untreated LM or LM exposed to acid alone (P < .0005). Furthermore, acidic bile but not neutral bile appeared to accelerate the expression of “oncomirs” miR-21, miR-155, and miR-192 (acidic bile versus neutral bile, P < .0001), while reducing tumor suppressor miR-375 (acidic bile versus neutral bile, P = .0137), previously linked to NF-κB and laryngeal cancer. Finally, acidic bile induced reduction of miR-34a, miR-375, and miR-451a, exhibiting an inverse correlation with NF-κB activation. SIGNIFICANCE: Bile in combination with acid has a selective tumorigenic effect on LM, inducing deregulation of “oncomirs” and tumor suppressor miRNAs, produced by NF-κB activation with molecular and early histopathological alterations linked to neoplastic transformation. Systematic acid suppression may in part convey a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence T Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Yale Larynx Laboratory Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Dimitra P Vageli
- Department of Surgery, Yale Larynx Laboratory Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Microscopy image analysis of p63 immunohistochemically stained laryngeal cancer lesions for predicting patient 5-year survival. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:159-68. [PMID: 26285779 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3747-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to design a microscopy image analysis (MIA) system for predicting the 5-year survival of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, employing histopathology images of lesions, which had been immunohistochemically (IHC) stained for p63 expression. Biopsy materials from 42 patients, with verified laryngeal cancer and follow-up, were selected from the archives of the University Hospital of Patras, Greece. Twenty six patients had survived more than 5 years and 16 less than 5 years after the first diagnosis. Histopathology images were IHC stained for p63 expression. Images were first processed by a segmentation method for isolating the p63-expressed nuclei. Seventy-seven features were evaluated regarding texture, shape, and physical topology of nuclei, p63 staining, and patient-specific data. Those features, the probabilistic neural network classifier, the leave-one-out (LOO), and the bootstrap cross-validation methods, were used to design the MIA-system for assessing the 5-year survival of patients with laryngeal cancer. MIA-system accuracy was about 90 % and 85 %, employing the LOO and the Bootstrap methods, respectively. The image texture of p63-expressed nuclei appeared coarser and contained more edges in the 5-year non-survivor group. These differences were at a statistically significant level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study has proposed an MIA-system that may be of assistance to physicians, as a second opinion tool in assessing the 5-year survival of patients with laryngeal cancer, and it has revealed useful information regarding differences in nuclei texture between 5-year survivors and non-survivors.
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Re M, Çeka A, Rubini C, Ferrante L, Zizzi A, Gioacchini FM, Tulli M, Spazzafumo L, Sellari-Franceschini S, Procopio AD, Olivieri F. MicroRNA-34c-5p is related to recurrence in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2015; 125:E306-12. [PMID: 26153151 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Altered microRNA expression has been found in many cancer types, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We investigated the association of LSCC-related miR-34c-5p with disease-free survival and overall survival. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Expression levels of miR-34c-5p were detected in 90 LSCC formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS A downregulation of miR-34c-5p expression significantly correlated with worse disease-free and overall survival. In the multivariate analysis, low miR-34c-5p expression was associated with an increased risk of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS A downregulation of miR-34c-5p in LSCC is independently associated with unfavorable disease-free survival, suggesting that miR-34c-5p might be a promising marker for evaluating the risk of recurrences. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Re
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Umberto I University General Hospital, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Artan Çeka
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Pathologic Anatomy and Histopathology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferrante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Zizzi
- Pathologic Anatomy and Histopathology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico M Gioacchini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Umberto I University General Hospital, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Tulli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Umberto I University General Hospital, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy
| | - Liana Spazzafumo
- Center of Biostatistics, National Institute of Repose and Cure for Elderly-Scientific Institute for Hospitalization and Treatment (INRCA-IRCCS) Italian National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Antonio D Procopio
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS Italian National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marches, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS Italian National Institute, Ancona, Italy
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Prognostic value of Bcl-2 expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: a systematic review. Int J Biol Markers 2015; 30:e155-60. [PMID: 25588854 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prognostic value of Bcl-2 immunostaining in patients affected by laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. An appropriate search was conducted on PubMed to retrieve articles dealing with this topic. A double cross-check was performed on citations and full-text articles by 2 investigators independently to review all manuscripts and perform a comprehensive quality assessment. Of 115 abstracts identified, 15 articles were included. These studies reported on 1,150 patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Only a few studies showed a statistical correlation between Bcl-2 immunohistochemical expression and at least 1 of the clinical and histopathological parameters considered by the authors. Moreover, these findings were also discordant between them. Overall the studies analyzed suggested that Bcl-2 expression was statistically connected with N stage (2/14), grading (2/14), disease-free survival (3/14) and overall survival (5/14). Interestingly, all of the 3 studies investigating the relation between Bcl-2 and radioresistance showed significant results in terms of recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Our review strongly suggests that the immunohistochemical staining of Bcl-2 does not correlate with tumoral aggressiveness and prognosis of patients affected by laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and treated with primary surgery. However, an interesting connection of this protein could be demonstrated with tumoral radioresistance. Further, high-quality prospective studies should be carried out to confirm this hypothesis.
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25
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Gioacchini FM, Alicandri-Ciufelli M, Kaleci S, Magliulo G, Presutti L, Re M. The prognostic value of cyclin D1 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 273:801-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Gioacchini FM, Alicandri-Ciufelli M, Magliulo G, Rubini C, Presutti L, Re M. The clinical relevance of Ki-67 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 272:1569-76. [PMID: 24890978 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of Ki-67 immunostaining in patients affected by laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A systematic review was carried out in a tertiary university referral center. An appropriate string was run on PubMed to retrieve articles dealing with Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A double cross-check was performed on citations and full-text articles by two investigators independently to review all manuscripts and perform a comprehensive quality assessment. Of 85 abstracts identified, 18 articles were included. These studies reported on 1,342 patients with histological confirmed diagnosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Most studies showed a statistical association between Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression and at least one of the clinical and histopathological parameters considered by the authors. Overall the studies analyzed suggested that the tumoral proliferative index was statistically connected respectively with T stage (2/18), N stage (4/18), grading (6/18), disease-free survival (10/18) and overall survival (4/18). Our review strongly suggests that immunohistochemical staining of Ki-67 correlates with tumoral aggressiveness and worse prognosis in patients affected by laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Further high-quality prospective studies should be carried out to confirm our finding and determine the eventual differences between cancers of specific laryngeal subsites.
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