1
|
Vecera CM, C. Courtes A, Jones G, Soares JC, Machado-Vieira R. Pharmacotherapies Targeting GABA-Glutamate Neurotransmission for Treatment-Resistant Depression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1572. [PMID: 38004437 PMCID: PMC10675154 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a term used to describe a particular type of major depressive disorder (MDD). There is no consensus about what defines TRD, with various studies describing between 1 and 4 failures of antidepressant therapies, with or without electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). That is why TRD is such a growing concern among clinicians and researchers, and it explains the necessity for investigating novel therapeutic targets beyond conventional monoamine pathways. An imbalance between two primary central nervous system (CNS) neurotransmitters, L-glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has emerged as having a key role in the pathophysiology of TRD. In this review, we provide an evaluation and comprehensive review of investigational antidepressants targeting these two systems, accessing their levels of available evidence, mechanisms of action, and safety profiles. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism has shown the most promise amongst the glutamatergic targets, with ketamine and esketamine (Spravato) robustly generating responses across trials. Two specific NMDA-glycine site modulators, D-cycloserine (DCS) and apimostinel, have also generated promising initial safety and efficacy profiles, warranting further investigation. Combination dextromethorphan-bupropion (AXS-05/Auvelity) displays a unique mechanism of action and demonstrated positive results in particular applicability in subpopulations with cognitive dysfunction. Currently, the most promising GABA modulators appear to be synthetic neurosteroid analogs with positive GABAA receptor modulation (such as brexanolone). Overall, advances in the last decade provide exciting perspectives for those who do not improve with conventional therapies. Of the compounds reviewed here, three are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): esketamine (Spravato) for TRD, Auvelity (dextromethorphan-bupropion) for major depressive disorder (MDD), and brexanolone (Zulresso) for post-partum depression (PPD). Notably, some concerns have arisen with esketamine and brexanolone, which will be detailed in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M. Vecera
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Alan C. Courtes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Gregory Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Jair C. Soares
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Rodrigo Machado-Vieira
- John S. Dunn Behavioral Sciences Center at UTHealth Houston, 5615 H.Mark Crosswell Jr St, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kakanakova A, Popov S, Maes M. Immunological Disturbances and Neuroimaging Findings in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) Comorbid Patients. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:759-769. [PMID: 32108009 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200228093935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mood disorders and Major Depressive Disorder, in particular, appear to be some of the most common psychiatric disorders with a high rate of comorbidity most frequently of anxiety or substance abuse disorders (alcohol use disorder). In both cases - MDD and AUD, a number of immunological disturbances are observed, such as chronic mild inflammation response, increased level of cytokines, hypercortisolaemia, which lead to specific changes in brain neurotransmitter functions. Some of the contemporary brain imaging techniques are functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic spectroscopy which are most commonly used to assess the brain metabolism and functional connectivity changes such as altered responses to emotional stimuli in MDD or overactivation of ventromedial prefrontal areas during delayed and underactivation of dorsolateral prefrontal regions during impulsive reward decisions in AUD and dysfunction of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and/or glutamate neurotransmitter systems, low NAA and myo-Inositol in both MDD and AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andriana Kakanakova
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical University Plovdiv, Faculty of Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Popov
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical University Plovdiv, Faculty of Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kahl KG, Atalay S, Maudsley AA, Sheriff S, Cummings A, Frieling H, Schmitz B, Lanfermann H, Ding XQ. Altered neurometabolism in major depressive disorder: A whole brain 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study at 3T. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 101:109916. [PMID: 32169561 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental disorder with a neurobiological basis that is poorly understood. Several studies demonstrated widespread, functional and neurometabolic alterations in MDD. However, little is known about whole brain neurometabolic alterations in MDD. METHOD Thirty-two patients with MDD and 32 paired on a one-to-one basis healthy controls (CTRL) underwent 1H-whole brain spectroscopic (1H-WBS) imaging. Lobar and cerebellar metabolite concentrations of brain N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total choline (tCho), total creatine (tCr), glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), and myo-Inositol (mI) were assessed in patients and controls. RESULTS Decreased NAA, tCho, and tCr were found in the right frontal and right parietal lobe in MDD compared to CTRL, and to a lesser extent in the left frontal lobe. Furthermore, in MDD increased glutamine was observed in the right frontal lobe and bitemporal lobes, and increased glutamate in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION Altered global neurometabolism examined using 1H-WBS imaging in MDD may be interpreted as signs of neuronal dysfunction, altered energy metabolism, and oligodendrocyte dysfunction. In particular, the parallel decrease in NAA, tCr and tCho in the same brain regions may be indicative of neuronal dysfunction that may be counterbalanced by an increase of the neuroprotective metabolite glutamine. Future prospective investigations are warranted to study the functional importance of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai G Kahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Sirin Atalay
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sulaiman Sheriff
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anna Cummings
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Birte Schmitz
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lanfermann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiao-Qi Ding
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
von Düring F, Ristow I, Li M, Denzel D, Colic L, Demenescu LR, Li S, Borchardt V, Liebe T, Vogel M, Walter M. Glutamate in Salience Network Predicts BOLD Response in Default Mode Network During Salience Processing. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:232. [PMID: 31632250 PMCID: PMC6783560 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain investigations identified salience network (SN) comprising the dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex (dACC) and the Anterior Insula (AI). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies revealed the link between the glutamate concentration in the ACC and alterations in attentional scope. Hence, we investigated whether glutamate concentration in the dACC modulates brain response during salience processing. Methods Twenty-seven healthy subjects (12♀, 15♁) provided both STEAM MRS at 7T measuring glutamate concentrations in the dACC as well as a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task to study the influence on content-related salience processing and expectedness. Salience was modulated for both sexual and non-sexual emotional photos in either expected or unexpected situations. Correlation between MRS and task fMRI was investigated by performing regression analyses controlling for age, gender, and gray matter partial volume. Results/Conclusion During picture processing, the extent of deactivation in the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) was attenuated by two different salience attributions: sexual content and unexpectedness of emotional content. Our results indicate that stimulus inherent salience induces an attenuation of the deactivation in PCC, which is in turn balanced by higher level of glutamate in the dACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felicia von Düring
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Inka Ristow
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Denzel
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lejla Colic
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Liliana Ramona Demenescu
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Shijia Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Viola Borchardt
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Liebe
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Vogel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duman RS, Sanacora G, Krystal JH. Altered Connectivity in Depression: GABA and Glutamate Neurotransmitter Deficits and Reversal by Novel Treatments. Neuron 2019; 102:75-90. [PMID: 30946828 PMCID: PMC6450409 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology and treatment of depression and stress-related disorders remain unclear, but studies in depressed patients and rodent models are beginning to yield promising insights. These studies demonstrate that depression and chronic stress exposure cause atrophy of neurons in cortical and limbic brain regions implicated in depression, and brain imaging studies demonstrate altered connectivity and network function in the brains of depressed patients. Studies of the neurobiological basis of the these alterations have focused on both the principle, excitatory glutamate neurons, as well as inhibitory GABA interneurons. They demonstrate structural, functional, and neurochemical deficits in both major neuronal types that could lead to degradation of signal integrity in cortical and hippocampal regions. The molecular mechanisms underlying these changes have not been identified but are thought to be related to stress induced excitotoxic effects in combination with elevated adrenal glucocorticoids and inflammatory cytokines as well as other environmental factors. Transcriptomic studies are beginning to demonstrate important sex differences and, together with genomic studies, are starting to reveal mechanistic domains of overlap and uniqueness with regards to risk and pathophysiological mechanisms with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These studies also implicate GABA and glutamate dysfunction as well as immunologic mechanisms. While current antidepressants have significant time lag and efficacy limitations, new rapid-acting agents that target the glutamate and GABA systems address these issues and offer superior therapeutic interventions for this widespread and debilitating disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald S Duman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06508, USA.
| | - Gerard Sanacora
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06508, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06508, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su H, Zuo C, Zhang H, Jiao F, Zhang B, Tang W, Geng D, Guan Y, Shi S. Regional cerebral metabolism alterations affect resting-state functional connectivity in major depressive disorder. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018; 8:910-924. [PMID: 30505720 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2018.10.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) is a reliable technique to quantify regional neural glucose metabolism even with major depressive disorder (MDD) heterogeneous features. Previous study proposed that in the resting-state (RS), pairs of brain regions whose regional glucose metabolic rates were significantly correlated were functionally associated. This synchronicity indicates a neuronal metabolic and functional interaction in high energy efficient brain regions. In this study, a multimode method was used to identify the RS-FC patterns based on regional metabolism changes, and to observe its relationship with the severity of depressive symptoms in MDD patients. Methods The study enrolled 11 medication-naive MDD patients and 14 healthy subjects. All participants received a static 18F-FDG PET brain scan and a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) scan. SPM5 software was used to compare brain metabolism in MDD patients with that in healthy controls, and designated regions with a change in metabolism as regions of interest (ROIs). The glucose metabolism-based regional RS-FC Z values were compared between groups. Then group independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify the abnormal connectivity nodes in the intrinsic function networks. Finally, the correlation between abnormal RS-FC Z values and the severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated. Results Patients with MDD had reduced glucose metabolism in the putamen, claustrum, insular, inferior frontal gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus. The metabolic reduction regions impaired functional connectivity (FC) to key hubs, such as the Inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangular), angular gyrus, calcarine sulcus, middle frontal gyrus (MFG), located in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)/parietal lobe, salience network (SN), primary visual cortex (V1), and language network respectively. There was no correlation between aberrant connectivity and the severity of clinical symptoms. Conclusions This research puts forward a possibility that focal neural activity alteration may share RS-FC dysfunction and be susceptible to hubs in the functional network in MDD. In particular, the metabolism and function profiles of the Inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis) should be emphasized in future MDD studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200030, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chuantao Zuo
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Huiwei Zhang
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Fangyang Jiao
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Weijun Tang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Daoyin Geng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Shenxun Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ristow I, Li M, Colic L, Marr V, Födisch C, von Düring F, Schiltz K, Drumkova K, Witzel J, Walter H, Beier K, Kruger THC, Ponseti J, Schiffer B, Walter M. Pedophilic sex offenders are characterised by reduced GABA concentration in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 18:335-341. [PMID: 29876253 PMCID: PMC5987735 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A pedophilic disorder is characterised by abnormal sexual urges towards prepubescent children. Child abusive behavior is frequently a result of lack of behavioral inhibition and current treatment options entail, next to suppressing unchangeable sexual orientation, measures to increase cognitive and attentional control. We tested, if in brain regions subserving attentional control of behavior and perception of salient stimuli, such inhibition deficit can be observed also on the level of inhibitory neurotransmitters. We measured GABA concentration in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and in a control region, the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) in pedophilic sex offenders (N = 13) and matched controls (N = 13) using a 7 Tesla STEAM magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In dACC but not in the control region pedophilic sex offenders showed reduced GABA/Cr concentrations compared to healthy controls. The reduction was robust after controlling for potential influence of age and gray matter proportion within the MRS voxel (p < 0.04). Importantly, reduced GABA/Cr in patients was correlated with lower self-control measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (p = 0.028, r = -0.689). In a region related to cognitive control and salience mapping, pedophilic sex offenders showed reduction of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA which may be seen as a neuronal correlate of inhibition and behavioral control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inka Ristow
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Neurobiology, Department for Behavioral Neurology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lejla Colic
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Neurobiology, Department for Behavioral Neurology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Marr
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Neurobiology, Department for Behavioral Neurology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carina Födisch
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Neurobiology, Department for Behavioral Neurology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Felicia von Düring
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Neurobiology, Department for Behavioral Neurology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kolja Schiltz
- Section of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Krasimira Drumkova
- Forensic Psychiatric State Hospital of Saxony-Anhalt, Stendal-Uchtspringe, Germany
| | - Joachim Witzel
- Forensic Psychiatric State Hospital of Saxony-Anhalt, Stendal-Uchtspringe, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Beier
- Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tillmann H C Kruger
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jorge Ponseti
- Institute of Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kiel University, Medical School, Kiel, Germany
| | - Boris Schiffer
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Forensic Psychiatry, Essen, Germany; LWL-University Hospital, Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Neurobiology, Department for Behavioral Neurology, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lord AR, Li M, Demenescu LR, van den Meer J, Borchardt V, Krause AL, Heinze HJ, Breakspear M, Walter M. Richness in Functional Connectivity Depends on the Neuronal Integrity within the Posterior Cingulate Cortex. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:184. [PMID: 28439224 PMCID: PMC5384321 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain's connectivity skeleton-a rich club of strongly interconnected members-was initially shown to exist in human structural networks, but recent evidence suggests a functional counterpart. This rich club typically includes key regions (or hubs) from multiple canonical networks, reducing the cost of inter-network communication. The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), a hub node embedded within the default mode network, is known to facilitate communication between brain networks and is a key member of the "rich club." Here, we assessed how metabolic signatures of neuronal integrity and cortical thickness influence the global extent of a functional rich club as measured using the functional rich club coefficient (fRCC). Rich club estimation was performed on functional connectivity of resting state brain signals acquired at 3T in 48 healthy adult subjects. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was measured in the same session using a point resolved spectroscopy sequence. We confirmed convergence of functional rich club with a previously established structural rich club. N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in the PCC is significantly correlated with age (p = 0.001), while the rich club coefficient showed no effect of age (p = 0.106). In addition, we found a significant quadratic relationship between fRCC and NAA concentration in PCC (p = 0.009). Furthermore, cortical thinning in the PCC was correlated with a reduced rich club coefficient after accounting for age and NAA. In conclusion, we found that the fRCC is related to a marker of neuronal integrity in a key region of the cingulate cortex. Furthermore, cortical thinning in the same area was observed, suggesting that both cortical thinning and neuronal integrity in the hub regions influence functional integration of at a whole brain level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton R Lord
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Meng Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Liliana R Demenescu
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Johan van den Meer
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Cognition and Emotion, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Viola Borchardt
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Linda Krause
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Center of Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Breakspear
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbane, QLD, Australia.,Metro North Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Center of Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Eberhad Karls University TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|