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Wang J, Sun N, Kunzke T, Shen J, Zens P, Prade VM, Feuchtinger A, Berezowska S, Walch A. Spatial metabolomics identifies distinct tumor-specific and stroma-specific subtypes in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:114. [PMID: 37919427 PMCID: PMC10622419 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular subtyping of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) has been performed at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic level. However, LUSC stratification based on tissue metabolomics is still lacking. Combining high-mass-resolution imaging mass spectrometry with consensus clustering, four tumor- and four stroma-specific subtypes with distinct metabolite patterns were identified in 330 LUSC patients. The first tumor subtype T1 negatively correlated with DNA damage and immunological features including CD3, CD8, and PD-L1. The same features positively correlated with the tumor subtype T2. Tumor subtype T4 was associated with high PD-L1 expression. Compared with the status of subtypes T1 and T4, patients with subtype T3 had improved prognosis, and T3 was an independent prognostic factor with regard to UICC stage. Similarly, stroma subtypes were linked to distinct immunological features and metabolic pathways. Stroma subtype S4 had a better prognosis than S2. Subsequently, analyses based on an independent LUSC cohort treated by neoadjuvant therapy revealed that the S2 stroma subtype was associated with chemotherapy resistance. Clinically relevant patient subtypes as determined by tissue-based spatial metabolomics are a valuable addition to existing molecular classification systems. Metabolic differences among the subtypes and their associations with immunological features may contribute to the improvement of personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Kunzke
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Jian Shen
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Philipp Zens
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Verena M Prade
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Sabina Berezowska
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.
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2
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Saleh T, Bloukh S, Hasan M, Al Shboul S. Therapy-induced senescence as a component of tumor biology: Evidence from clinical cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188994. [PMID: 37806641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Therapy-Induced Senescence (TIS) is an established response to anticancer therapy in a variety of cancer models. Ample evidence has characterized the triggers, hallmarks, and functional outcomes of TIS in preclinical studies; however, limited evidence delineates TIS in clinical cancer (human tumor samples). We examined the literature that investigated the induction of TIS in samples derived from human cancers and highlighted the major findings that suggested that TIS represents a main constituent of tumor biology. The most frequently utilized approach to identify TIS in human cancers was to investigate the protein expression of senescence-associated markers (such as cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, Ki67, DNA damage repair response markers, DEC1, and DcR1) via immunohistochemical techniques using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples and/or testing the upregulation of Senescence-Associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) in frozen sections of unfixed tumor samples. Collectively, and in studies where the extent of TIS was determined, TIS was detected in 31-66% of tumors exposed to various forms of chemotherapy. Moreover, TIS was not only limited to both malignant and non-malignant components of tumoral tissue but was also identified in samples of normal (non-transformed) tissue upon chemo- or radiotherapy exposure. Nevertheless, the available evidence continues to be limited and requires a more rigorous assessment of in vivo senescence based on novel approaches and more reliable molecular signatures. The accurate assessment of TIS will be beneficial for determining its relevant contribution to the overall outcome of cancer therapy and the potential translatability of senotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan.
| | - Sarah Bloukh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mira Hasan
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Sofian Al Shboul
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
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3
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Mahmoud AM, Brister E, David O, Valyi-Nagy K, Sverdlov M, Gann PH, Kim SJ. Machine Learning for Digital Scoring of PRMT6 in Immunohistochemical Labeled Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4582. [PMID: 37760550 PMCID: PMC10527400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Therefore, it is imperative to identify novel biomarkers for the early detection and progression of lung cancer. PRMT6 is associated with poor lung cancer prognosis. However, analyzing PRMT6 expression manually in large samples is time-consuming posing a significant limitation for processing this biomarker. To overcome this issue, we trained and validated an automated method for scoring PRMT6 in lung cancer tissues, which can then be used as the standard method in future larger cohorts to explore population-level associations between PRMT6 expression and sociodemographic/clinicopathologic characteristics. We evaluated the ability of a trained artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to reproduce the PRMT6 immunoreactive scores obtained by pathologists. Our findings showed that tissue segmentation to cancer vs. non-cancer tissues was the most critical parameter, which required training and adjustment of the algorithm to prevent scoring non-cancer tissues or ignoring relevant cancer cells. The trained algorithm showed a high concordance with pathologists with a correlation coefficient of 0.88. The inter-rater agreement was significant, with an intraclass correlation of 0.95 and a scale reliability coefficient of 0.96. In conclusion, we successfully optimized a machine learning algorithm for scoring PRMT6 expression in lung cancer that matches the degree of accuracy of scoring by pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Mahmoud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Eileen Brister
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (E.B.); (O.D.); (K.V.-N.); (P.H.G.)
| | - Odile David
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (E.B.); (O.D.); (K.V.-N.); (P.H.G.)
| | - Klara Valyi-Nagy
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (E.B.); (O.D.); (K.V.-N.); (P.H.G.)
| | - Maria Sverdlov
- Research Histology and Imaging Collaborative Core, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Peter H. Gann
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (E.B.); (O.D.); (K.V.-N.); (P.H.G.)
| | - Sage J. Kim
- Division of Health Policy & Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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4
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Shen J, Sun N, Wang J, Zens P, Kunzke T, Buck A, Prade VM, Wang Q, Feuchtinger A, Hu R, Berezowska S, Walch A. Patterns of Carbon-Bound Exogenous Compounds Impact Disease Pathophysiology in Lung Cancer Subtypes in Different Ways. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16396-16411. [PMID: 37639684 PMCID: PMC10510585 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-bound exogenous compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), tobacco-specific nitrosamines, aromatic amines, and organohalogens, are known to affect both tumor characteristics and patient outcomes in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC); however, the roles of these compounds in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. We analyzed 11 carbon-bound exogenous compounds in LUAD and LUSC samples using in situ high mass-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging and performed a cluster analysis to compare the patterns of carbon-bound exogenous compounds between these two lung cancer subtypes. Correlation analyses were conducted to investigate associations among exogenous compounds, endogenous metabolites, and clinical data, including patient survival outcomes and smoking behaviors. Additionally, we examined differences in exogenous compound patterns between normal and tumor tissues. Our analyses revealed that PAHs, aromatic amines, and organohalogens were more abundant in LUAD than in LUSC, whereas the tobacco-specific nitrosamine nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone was more abundant in LUSC. Patients with LUAD and LUSC could be separated according to carbon-bound exogenous compound patterns detected in the tumor compartment. The same compounds had differential impacts on patient outcomes, depending on the cancer subtype. Correlation and network analyses indicated substantial differences between LUAD and LUSC metabolomes, associated with substantial differences in the patterns of the carbon-bound exogenous compounds. These data suggest that the contributions of these carcinogenic compounds to cancer biology may differ according to the cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Nanxishan
Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Institute of Pathology, Guilin 541002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Sun
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Jun Wang
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Philipp Zens
- Institute
of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University
of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, Bern 3008, Switzerland
- Graduate
School for Health Sciences, University of
Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kunzke
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Achim Buck
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Verena M. Prade
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Qian Wang
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Center
for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Sabina Berezowska
- Institute
of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University
of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, Bern 3008, Switzerland
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Axel Walch
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München − German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
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5
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Murakami M, Sun N, Li F, Feuchtinger A, Gomez-Sanchez C, Fassnacht M, Reincke M, Bancos I, Walch A, Kroiss M, Beuschlein F. In Situ Metabolomics of Cortisol-Producing Adenomas. Clin Chem 2023; 69:149-159. [PMID: 36544353 PMCID: PMC9898844 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvac191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in omics techniques have allowed detailed genetic characterization of cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma (CPA). In contrast, the pathophysiology of CPAs has not been elucidated in detail on the level of tumor metabolic alterations. METHODS The current study conducted a comprehensive mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) map of CPAs in relation to clinical phenotypes and immunohistochemical profiles of steroidogenic enzymes. The study cohort comprised 46 patients with adrenal tumors including CPAs (n 35) and nonfunctional adenomas (n 11). RESULTS Severity of cortisol hypersecretion was significantly correlated with 29 metabolites (adjusted P 0.05). Adrenal androgens derived from the classic androgen pathway were inversely correlated with both cortisol secretion (rs 0.41, adjusted P 0.035) and CYP11B1 expression (rs 0.77, adjusted P 2.00E-08). The extent of cortisol excess and tumor CYP11B1 expression further correlated with serotonin (rs 0.48 and 0.62, adjusted P 0.008 and 2.41E-05). Tumor size was found to be correlated with abundance of 13 fatty acids (adjusted P 0.05) and negatively associated with 9 polyunsaturated fatty acids including phosphatidic acid 38:8 (rs 0.56, adjusted P 0.009). CONCLUSIONS MSI reveals novel metabolic links between endocrine function and tumorigenesis, which will further support the understanding of CPA pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Murakami
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fengxia Li
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Celso Gomez-Sanchez
- Division of Endocrinology, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center and the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Bancos
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Mayer J, Krug C, Saller M, Feuchtinger A, Giunta R, Volkmer E, Holzbach T. Hypoxic pre-conditioned adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells embedded in fibrin conduits promote peripheral nerve regeneration in a sciatic nerve graft model. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:652-656. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.346464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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7
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Recent Advances in Chromogens for Immunohistochemistry. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2593:35-50. [PMID: 36513923 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2811-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Various staining strategies and color combinations have been developed to perform single and double immunohistochemical staining on biological samples. However, until recently, the lack of appropriate chromogen color combinations has severely limited many of these methods. Fortunately, this situation has dramatically improved with the introduction of new chromogens and methods of analysis. This article reviews recent trends in multicolor immunohistochemical staining methods that are finding broad applications in both research and clinical laboratories.
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8
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Yaghjyan L, Heng YJ, Baker GM, Bret-Mounet V, Murthy D, Mahoney MB, Mu Y, Rosner B, Tamimi RM. Reliability of CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 immunohistochemical staining: Pathologist assessment compared to quantitative image analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1040061. [PMID: 36590957 PMCID: PMC9794585 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The data on the expression of stem cell markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in the breast tissue of cancer-free women is very limited and no previous studies have explored the agreement between pathologist and computational assessments of these markers. We compared the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression assessment for CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 by an expert pathologist with the automated image analysis results and assessed the homogeneity of the markers across multiple cores pertaining to each woman. Methods We included 81 cancer-free women (399 cores) with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII cohorts. IHC was conducted with commercial antibodies [CD44 (Dako, Santa Clara, CA, USA) 1:25 dilution; CD24 (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA) 1:200 dilution and ALDH1A1 (Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) 1:300 dilution]. For each core, the percent positivity was quantified by the pathologist and Definiens Tissue Studio. Correlations between pathologist and computational scores were evaluated with Spearman correlation (for categorical positivity: 0, >0-<1, 1-10, >10-50, and >50%) and sensitivity/specificity (for binary positivity defined with 1 and 10% cut-offs), using the pathologist scores as the gold standard. Expression homogeneity was examined with intra-class correlation (ICC). Analyses were stratified by core [normal terminal duct-lobular units (TDLUs), benign lesions] and tissue type (epithelium, stroma). Results Spearman correlation between pathologist and Definiens ranged between 0.40-0.64 for stroma and 0.66-0.68 for epithelium in normal TDLUs cores and between 0.24-0.60 for stroma and 0.61-0.64 for epithelium in benign lesions. For stroma, sensitivity and specificity ranged between 0.92-0.95 and 0.24-0.60, respectively, with 1% cut-off and between 0.43-0.88 and 0.73-0.85, respectively, with 10% cut-off. For epithelium, 10% cut-off resulted in better estimates for both sensitivity and specificity. ICC between the cores was strongest for CD44 for both stroma and epithelium in normal TDLUs cores and benign lesions (range 0.74-0.80). ICC for CD24 and ALDH1A ranged between 0.42-0.63 and 0.44-0.55, respectively. Conclusion Our findings show that computational assessments for CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 exhibit variable correlations with manual assessment. These findings support the use of computational platforms for IHC evaluation of stem cell markers in large-scale epidemiologic studies. Pilot studies maybe also needed to determine appropriate cut-offs for defining staining positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Lusine Yaghjyan,
| | - Yujing J. Heng
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gabrielle M. Baker
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vanessa Bret-Mounet
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Divya Murthy
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matt B. Mahoney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yi Mu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rulla M. Tamimi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Vps37a regulates hepatic glucose production by controlling glucagon receptor localization to endosomes. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1824-1842.e9. [PMID: 36243006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
During mammalian energy homeostasis, the glucagon receptor (Gcgr) plays a key role in regulating both glucose and lipid metabolisms. However, the mechanisms by which these distinct signaling arms are differentially regulated remain poorly understood. Using a Cy5-glucagon agonist, we show that the endosomal protein Vps37a uncouples glucose production from lipid usage downstream of Gcgr signaling by altering intracellular receptor localization. Hepatocyte-specific knockdown of Vps37a causes an accumulation of Gcgr in endosomes, resulting in overactivation of the cAMP/PKA/p-Creb signaling pathway to gluconeogenesis without affecting β-oxidation. Shifting the receptor back to the plasma membrane rescues the differential signaling and highlights the importance of the spatiotemporal localization of Gcgr for its metabolic effects. Importantly, since Vps37a knockdown in animals fed with a high-fat diet leads to hyperglycemia, although its overexpression reduces blood glucose levels, these data reveal a contribution of endosomal signaling to metabolic diseases that could be exploited for treatments of type 2 diabetes.
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10
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Demir S, Wolff G, Wieder A, Maida A, Bühler L, Brune M, Hautzinger O, Feuchtinger A, Poth T, Szendroedi J, Herzig S, Ekim Üstünel B. TSC22D4 interacts with Akt1 to regulate glucose metabolism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo5555. [PMID: 36269831 PMCID: PMC9586482 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive insulin signaling is a key feature in the pathogenesis of severe metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes. Enhancing insulin sensitivity represents a major goal in the treatment of patients affected by diabetes. Here, we identify transforming growth factor-β1 stimulated clone 22 D4 (TSC22D4) as a novel interaction partner for protein kinase B/Akt1, a critical mediator of insulin/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway. While energy deprivation and oxidative stress promote the TSC22D4-Akt1 interaction, refeeding mice or exposing cells to glucose and insulin impairs this interaction, which relies on an intrinsically disordered region (D2 domain) within TSC22D4. Functionally, the interaction with TSC22D4 reduces basal phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream targets during starvation, thereby promoting insulin sensitivity. Genetic, liver-specific reconstitution experiments in mice demonstrate that the interaction between TSC22D4 and Akt1 improves glucose handling and insulin sensitivity. Overall, our findings postulate a model whereby TSC22D4 acts as an environmental sensor and interacts with Akt1 to regulate insulin signaling and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgican Demir
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gretchen Wolff
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annika Wieder
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adriano Maida
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lea Bühler
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maik Brune
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Hautzinger
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Poth
- Center for Model System and Comparative Pathology (CMCP), Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilgen Ekim Üstünel
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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11
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Jagomast T, Idel C, Klapper L, Kuppler P, Proppe L, Beume S, Falougy M, Steller D, Hakim SG, Offermann A, Roesch MC, Bruchhage KL, Perner S, Ribbat-Idel J. Comparison of manual and automated digital image analysis systems for quantification of cellular protein expression. Histol Histopathol 2022; 37:527-541. [PMID: 35146728 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Quantifying protein expression in immunohistochemically stained histological slides is an important tool for oncologic research. The use of computer-aided evaluation of IHC-stained slides significantly contributes to objectify measurements. Manual digital image analysis (mDIA) requires a user-dependent annotation of the region of interest (ROI). Others have built-in machine learning algorithms with automated digital image analysis (aDIA) and can detect the ROIs automatically. We aimed to investigate the agreement between the results obtained by aDIA and those derived from mDIA systems. METHODS We quantified chromogenic intensity (CI) and calculated the positive index (PI) in cohorts of tissue microarrays (TMA) using mDIA and aDIA. To consider the different distributions of staining within cellular sub-compartments and different tumor architecture our study encompassed nuclear and cytoplasmatic stainings in adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. RESULTS Within all cohorts, we were able to show a high correlation between mDIA and aDIA for the CI (p<0.001) along with high agreement for the PI. Moreover, we were able to show that the cell detections of the programs were comparable as well and both proved to be reliable when compared to manual counting. CONCLUSION mDIA and aDIA show a high correlation in acquired IHC data. Both proved to be suitable to stratify patients for evaluation with clinical data. As both produce the same level of information, aDIA might be preferable as it is time-saving, can easily be reproduced, and enables regular and efficient output in large studies in a reasonable time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jagomast
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - C Idel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - L Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - P Kuppler
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - L Proppe
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - S Beume
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - M Falougy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - D Steller
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - S G Hakim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - A Offermann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - M C Roesch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - K L Bruchhage
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - S Perner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Pathology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - J Ribbat-Idel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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12
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Houvast RD, Thijse K, Groen JV, Chua J, Vankemmelbeke M, Durrant LG, Mieog JSD, Bonsing BA, Vahrmeijer AL, Kuppen PJK, Crobach ASLP, Sier CFM. An Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Tumor-Associated Glycans and Mucins as Targets for Molecular Imaging of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225777. [PMID: 34830932 PMCID: PMC8616289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Distinguishing pancreatic cancer from healthy tissue before and during surgery can be enhanced by using molecular tracers directed at molecules on tumor cells allowing high-contrast visualization of tumor tissue, eventually improving diagnosis and surgical removal. Albeit sugar molecules and proteins carrying a large amount of sugars-mucins- have gained significant interest as tumor-specific targets, their relative presence on structures surrounding tumor tissues and lymph node metastases is unknown. The current study shows that the presence of several, but not all, investigated sugar molecules and mucins on pancreatic cancer cells is higher compared to surrounding tissues. Moreover, given their abundance on tumor cells in lymph nodes and their absence on normal lymph nodes, all investigated targets are high-potential targets for visualization of lymph node metastases. This study paves the way for the development of molecular tracers against the targets evaluated herein to allow improvement of pancreatic cancer treatment. Abstract Targeted molecular imaging may overcome current challenges in the preoperative and intraoperative delineation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Tumor-associated glycans Lea/c/x, sdi-Lea, sLea, sLex, sTn as well as mucin-1 (MUC1) and mucin-5AC (MU5AC) have gained significant interest as targets for PDAC imaging. To evaluate their PDAC molecular imaging potential, biomarker expression was determined using immunohistochemistry on PDAC, (surrounding) chronic pancreatitis (CP), healthy pancreatic, duodenum, positive (LN+) and negative lymph node (LN−) tissues, and quantified using a semi-automated digital image analysis workflow. Positive expression on PDAC tissues was found on 83% for Lea/c/x, 94% for sdi-Lea, 98% for sLea, 90% for sLex, 88% for sTn, 96% for MUC1 and 67% for MUC5AC, where all were not affected by the application of neoadjuvant therapy. Compared to PDAC, all biomarkers were significantly lower expressed on CP, healthy pancreatic and duodenal tissues, except for sTn and MUC1, which showed a strong expression on duodenum (sTn tumor:duodenum ratio: 0.6, p < 0.0001) and healthy pancreatic tissues (MUC1 tumor:pancreas ratio: 1.0, p > 0.9999), respectively. All biomarkers are suitable targets for correct identification of LN+, as well as the distinction of LN+ from LN− tissues. To conclude, this study paves the way for the development and evaluation of Lea/c/x-, sdi-Lea-, sLea-, sLex- and MUC5AC-specific tracers for molecular imaging of PDAC imaging and their subsequent introduction into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben D. Houvast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - Kira Thijse
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - Jesse V. Groen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - JiaXin Chua
- Scancell Limited, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (J.C.); (M.V.); (L.G.D.)
| | - Mireille Vankemmelbeke
- Scancell Limited, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (J.C.); (M.V.); (L.G.D.)
| | - Lindy G. Durrant
- Scancell Limited, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (J.C.); (M.V.); (L.G.D.)
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - J. Sven D. Mieog
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - Bert A. Bonsing
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - Peter J. K. Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
| | - A. Stijn L. P. Crobach
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Cornelis F. M. Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (K.T.); (J.V.G.); (J.S.D.M.); (B.A.B.); (A.L.V.); (P.J.K.K.)
- Percuros BV, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-07152662610
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13
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Kunzke T, Prade VM, Buck A, Sun N, Feuchtinger A, Matzka M, Fernandez IE, Wuyts W, Ackermann M, Jonigk D, Aichler M, Schmid RA, Eickelberg O, Berezowska S, Walch A. Patterns of carbon-bound exogenous compounds in lung cancer patients and association with disease pathophysiology. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5862-5875. [PMID: 34666994 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asymptomatic anthracosis is the accumulation of black carbon particles in adult human lungs. It is a common occurrence, but the pathophysiological significance of anthracosis is debatable. Using in situ high mass resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry imaging analysis, we discovered noxious carbon-bound exogenous compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), tobacco-specific nitrosamines, or aromatic amines, in a series of 330 lung cancer patients in highly variable and unique patterns. The characteristic nature of carbon-bound exogenous compound had a strong association with patient outcome, tumor progression, the tumor immune microenvironment, PD-L1 expression, and DNA damage. Spatial correlation network analyses revealed substantial differences in the metabolome of tumor cells compared to tumor stroma depending on carbon-bound exogenous compounds. Overall, the bioactive pool of exogenous compounds is associated with several changes in lung cancer pathophysiology and correlates with patient outcome. Given the high prevalence of anthracosis in the lungs of adult humans, future work should investigate the role of carbon-bound exogenous compounds in lung carcinogenesis and lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kunzke
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | - Verena M Prade
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | - Achim Buck
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | - Marco Matzka
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sabina Berezowska
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health
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14
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Petain S, Kasnak G, Firatli E, Tervahartiala T, Gürsoy UK, Sorsa T. Periodontitis and peri-implantitis tissue levels of Treponema denticola-CTLP and its MMP-8 activating ability. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151767. [PMID: 34419758 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chymotrypsin-like-proteinase of Treponema denticola (Td-CTLP) can stimulate the protein expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 (or collagenase-2), a potent tissue destructive enzyme from gingival cells in vitro. The aims of this study were 1) to demonstrate the proMMP-8 (or latent MMP-8) activation by Td-CTLP in vitro and 2) to detect Td-CTLP and MMP-8 protein levels in the tissue samples of peri-implantitis and periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS proMMP-8 activation by Td-CTLP was analyzed by immunoblots. Tissue specimens were collected from 38 systemically healthy and non-smoking patients; 14 of whom had moderate to severe periodontitis, 10 of whom were suffering from peri-implantitis, and finally 14 of whom showed no sign of periodontal inflammation nor radiological bone decay (control group). The immune-expression levels of MMP-8 and Td-CTLP in the epithelium and the connective tissue were analyzed immunohistochemically. A pixel color-intensity analyze was performed with ImageJ software (version 1.46c; Rasband WS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) to obtain a comparable numeral score for each patient's epithelium and connective tissue MMP-8 and Td-CTLP enzyme level. RESULTS Td-CTLP activated proMMP-8 in vitro by converting the 70-75 kDa proMMP-8 to 65 kDa active MMP-8. Also, lower molecular size 25-50 kDa parts of MMP-8 were formed. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups in terms of their MMP-8 and Td-CTLP levels in the epithelium or in the connective tissue. CONCLUSION Regarding the limits of this study, it can thus be said that the Td-CTLP enzyme can activate the host proMMP-8 enzyme. Tissue protein levels of MMP-8 and Td-CTLP do not seem to be changed in peri-implantitis and in periodontitis.
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15
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Mousavi N. Characterization of in vitro 3D cultures. APMIS 2021; 129 Suppl 142:1-30. [PMID: 34399444 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, 3D culture models of human and animal cells have found their way into tissue differentiation, drug development, personalized medicine and tumour behaviour studies. Embryoid bodies (EBs) are in vitro 3D cultures established from murine pluripotential stem cells, whereas tumoroids are patient-derived in vitro 3D cultures. This thesis aims to describe a new implication of an embryoid body model and to characterize the patient-specific microenvironment of the parental tumour in relation to tumoroid growth rate. In this thesis, we described a high-throughput monitoring method, where EBs are used as a dynamic angiogenesis model. In this model, digital image analysis (DIA) is implemented on immunohistochemistry (IHC) stained sections of the cultures over time. Furthermore, we have investigated the correlation between the genetic profile and inflammatory microenvironment of parental tumours on the in vitro growth rate of tumoroids. The EBs were cultured in spinner flasks. The samples were collected at days 4, 6, 9, 14, 18 and 21, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. The histological sections were IHC stained for the endothelial marker CD31 and digitally scanned. The virtual whole-image slides were digitally analysed by Visiopharm® software. Histological evaluation showed vascular-like structures over time. The quantitative DIA was plausible to monitor significant increase in the total area of the EBs and an increase in endothelial differentiation. The tumoroids were established from 32 colorectal adenocarcinomas. The in vitro growth rate of the tumoroids was followed by automated microscopy over an 11-day period. The parental tumours were analysed by next-generation sequencing for KRAS, TP53, PIK3CA, SMAD4, MAP2K1, BRAF, FGFR3 and FBXW7 status. The tumoroids established from KRAS-mutated parental tumours showed a significantly higher growth rate compared to their wild-type counterparts. The density of CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages was calculated in the centre of the tumours and at the invasive margin of the tumours. The high density of CD3+ cells and the low density of CD68+ cells showed a significant correlation with a higher growth rate of the tumoroids. In conclusion, a novel approach for histological monitoring of endothelial differentiation is presented in the stem cell-derived EBs. Furthermore, the KRAS status and density of CD3+ T cells and macrophages in the parental tumour influence the growth rate of the tumoroids. Our results indicate that these parameters should be included when tumoroids are to be implemented in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabi Mousavi
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Liver-fibrosis-activated transcriptional networks govern hepatocyte reprogramming and intra-hepatic communication. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1685-1700.e9. [PMID: 34237252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a strong predictor of long-term mortality in individuals with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease; yet, the mechanisms underlying the progression from the comparatively benign fatty liver state to advanced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis are incompletely understood. Using cell-type-resolved genomics, we show that comprehensive alterations in hepatocyte genomic and transcriptional settings during NASH progression, led to a loss of hepatocyte identity. The hepatocyte reprogramming was under tight cooperative control of a network of fibrosis-activated transcription factors, as exemplified by the transcription factor Elf-3 (ELF3) and zinc finger protein GLIS2 (GLIS2). Indeed, ELF3- and GLIS2-controlled fibrosis-dependent hepatokine genes targeting disease-associated hepatic stellate cell gene programs. Thus, interconnected transcription factor networks not only promoted hepatocyte dysfunction but also directed the intra-hepatic crosstalk necessary for NASH and fibrosis progression, implying that molecular "hub-centered" targeting strategies are superior to existing mono-target approaches as currently used in NASH therapy.
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17
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Reliability of a computational platform as a surrogate for manually interpreted immunohistochemical markers in breast tumor tissue microarrays. Cancer Epidemiol 2021; 74:101999. [PMID: 34352659 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.101999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathologist and computational assessments have been used to evaluate immunohistochemistry (IHC) in epidemiologic studies. We compared Definiens Tissue Studio® to pathologist scores for 17 markers measured in breast tumor tissue microarrays (TMAs) [AR, CD20, CD4, CD8, CD163, EPRS, ER, FASN, H3K27, IGF1R, IR, Ki67, phospho-mTOR, PR, PTEN, RXR, and VDR]. METHODS 5 914 Nurses' Health Study participants, diagnosed 1976-2006 (NHS) and 1989-2006 (NHS-II), were included. IHC was conducted by the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Specialized Histopathology Laboratory. The percent of cells staining positive was assessed by breast pathologists. Definiens output was used to calculate a weighted average of percent of cells staining positive across TMA cores for each marker. Correlations between pathologist and computational scores were evaluated with Spearman correlation coefficients. Receiver-operator characteristic curves were constructed, using pathologist scores as comparison. RESULTS Spearman correlations between pathologist and Definiens assessments ranged from weak (RXR, rho=-0.05; CD163, rho = 0.10) to strong (Ki67, rho = 0.79; pmTOR, rho = 0.77). The area under the curve was >0.70 for all markers except RXR. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that computational assessments exhibit variable correlations with interpretations made by an expert pathologist, depending on the marker evaluated. This study provides evidence supporting the use of computational platforms for IHC evaluation in large-scale epidemiologic studies, with the caveat that pilot studies are necessary to investigate agreement with expert assessments. In sum, computational platforms may provide greater efficiency and facilitate high-throughput epidemiologic analyses.
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18
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Meuten DJ, Moore FM, Donovan TA, Bertram CA, Klopfleisch R, Foster RA, Smedley RC, Dark MJ, Milovancev M, Stromberg P, Williams BH, Aubreville M, Avallone G, Bolfa P, Cullen J, Dennis MM, Goldschmidt M, Luong R, Miller AD, Miller MA, Munday JS, Roccabianca P, Salas EN, Schulman FY, Laufer-Amorim R, Asakawa MG, Craig L, Dervisis N, Esplin DG, George JW, Hauck M, Kagawa Y, Kiupel M, Linder K, Meichner K, Marconato L, Oblak ML, Santos RL, Simpson RM, Tvedten H, Whitley D. International Guidelines for Veterinary Tumor Pathology: A Call to Action. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:766-794. [PMID: 34282984 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211013712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Standardization of tumor assessment lays the foundation for validation of grading systems, permits reproducibility of oncologic studies among investigators, and increases confidence in the significance of study results. Currently, there is minimal methodological standardization for assessing tumors in veterinary medicine, with few attempts to validate published protocols and grading schemes. The current article attempts to address these shortcomings by providing standard guidelines for tumor assessment parameters and protocols for evaluating specific tumor types. More detailed information is available in the Supplemental Files, the intention of which is 2-fold: publication as part of this commentary, but more importantly, these will be available as "living documents" on a website (www.vetcancerprotocols.org), which will be updated as new information is presented in the peer-reviewed literature. Our hope is that veterinary pathologists will agree that this initiative is needed, and will contribute to and utilize this information for routine diagnostic work and oncologic studies. Journal editors and reviewers can utilize checklists to ensure publications include sufficient detail and standardized methods of tumor assessment. To maintain the relevance of the guidelines and protocols, it is critical that the information is periodically updated and revised as new studies are published and validated with the intent of providing a repository of this information. Our hope is that this initiative (a continuation of efforts published in this journal in 2011) will facilitate collaboration and reproducibility between pathologists and institutions, increase case numbers, and strengthen clinical research findings, thus ensuring continued progress in veterinary oncologic pathology and improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christof A Bertram
- Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pompei Bolfa
- Ross University, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - John Cullen
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nick Dervisis
- VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith Linder
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Renato L Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R Mark Simpson
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harold Tvedten
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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Bühler L, Maida A, Vogl ES, Georgiadi A, Takacs A, Kluth O, Schürmann A, Feuchtinger A, von Toerne C, Tsokanos FF, Klepac K, Wolff G, Sakurai M, Ekim Üstünel B, Nawroth P, Herzig S. Lipocalin 13 enhances insulin secretion but is dispensable for systemic metabolic control. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/4/e202000898. [PMID: 33536239 PMCID: PMC7898469 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thorough preclinical evaluation reveals a negligible role of lipocalin 13 in systemic glucose and lipid metabolism. Members of the lipocalin protein family serve as biomarkers for kidney disease and acute phase inflammatory reactions, and are under preclinical development for the diagnosis and therapy of allergies. However, none of the lipocalin family members has made the step into clinical development, mostly due to their complex biological activity and the lack of in-depth mechanistic knowledge. Here, we show that the hepatokine lipocalin 13 (LCN13) triggers glucose-dependent insulin secretion and cell proliferation of primary mouse islets. However, inhibition of endogenous LCN13 expression in lean mice did not alter glucose and lipid homeostasis. Enhanced hepatic secretion of LCN13 in either diet-induced or genetic obesity led to no discernible impact on systemic glucose and lipid metabolism, neither in preventive nor therapeutic setting. Of note, loss or forced LCN13 hepatic secretion did not trigger any compensatory regulation of related lipocalin family members. Together, these data are in stark contrast to the suggested gluco-regulatory and therapeutic role of LCN13 in obesity, and imply complex regulatory steps in LCN13 biology at the organismic level mitigating its principal insulinotropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Bühler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adriano Maida
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena Sophie Vogl
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Georgiadi
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Takacs
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Kluth
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Foivos-Filippos Tsokanos
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katarina Klepac
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gretchen Wolff
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Minako Sakurai
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilgen Ekim Üstünel
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Nawroth
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany .,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Chair Molecular Metabolic Control, Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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20
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Sachs S, Niu L, Geyer P, Jall S, Kleinert M, Feuchtinger A, Stemmer K, Brielmeier M, Finan B, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH, Wewer Albrechtsen N, Mann M, Müller TD, Hofmann SM. Plasma proteome profiles treatment efficacy of incretin dual agonism in diet-induced obese female and male mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 2021; 23:195-207. [PMID: 33001570 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Unimolecular peptides targeting the receptors for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) (GLP-1/GIP co-agonist) have been shown to outperform each single peptide in the treatment of obesity and cardiometabolic disease in preclinical and clinical trials. By combining physiological treatment endpoints with plasma proteomic profiling (PPP), we aimed to identify biomarkers to advance non-invasive metabolic monitoring of compound treatment success and exploration of ulterior treatment effects on an individual basis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed metabolic phenotyping along with PPP in body weight-matched male and female diet-induced obese (DIO) mice treated for 21 days with phosphate-buffered saline, single GIP and GLP-1 mono-agonists, or a GLP-1/GIP co-agonist. RESULTS GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonism improved obesity, glucose intolerance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and dyslipidaemia with superior efficacy in both male and female mice compared with mono-agonist treatments. PPP revealed broader changes of plasma proteins after GLP-1/GIP co-agonist compared with mono-agonist treatments in both sexes, including established and potential novel biomarkers for systemic inflammation, NAFLD and atherosclerosis. Subtle sex-specific differences have been observed in metabolic phenotyping and PPP. CONCLUSIONS We herein show that a recently developed unimolecular GLP-1/GIP co-agonist is more efficient in improving metabolic disease than either mono-agonist in both sexes. PPP led to the identification of a sex-independent protein panel with the potential to monitor non-invasively the treatment efficacies on metabolic function of this clinically advancing GLP-1/GIP co-agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Sachs
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lili Niu
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philipp Geyer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sigrid Jall
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kleinert
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Brielmeier
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Comparative Medicine, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Richard D DiMarchi
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Mann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU, Munich, Germany
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21
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Schinke H, Heider T, Herkommer T, Simon F, Blancke Soares A, Kranz G, Samaga D, Dajka L, Feuchtinger A, Walch A, Valeanu L, Walz C, Kirchner T, Canis M, Baumeister P, Belka C, Maihöfer C, Marschner S, Pflugradt U, Ganswindt U, Hess J, Zitzelsberger H, Gires O. Digital scoring of EpCAM and slug expression as prognostic markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:1040-1053. [PMID: 33340247 PMCID: PMC8024715 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) have poor clinical outcome owing to therapy resistance and frequent recurrences that are among others attributable to tumor cells in partial epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (pEMT). We compared side‐by‐side software‐based and visual quantification of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of epithelial marker EpCAM and EMT regulator Slug in n = 102 primary HNSCC to assess optimal analysis protocols. IHC scores incorporated expression levels and percentages of positive cells. Digital and visual evaluation of membrane‐associated EpCAM yielded correlating scorings, whereas visual evaluation of nuclear Slug resulted in significantly higher overall scores. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis defined the median EpCAM expression levels resulting from visual quantification as an independent prognostic factor of overall survival. Slug expression levels resulting from digital quantification were an independent prognostic factor of recurrence‐free survival, locoregional recurrence‐free survival, and disease‐specific survival. Hence, we propose to use visual assessment for the membrane‐associated EpCAM protein, whereas nuclear protein Slug assessment was more accurate following digital measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Schinke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Heider
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Timm Herkommer
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Florian Simon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Blancke Soares
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Gisela Kranz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Samaga
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Laura Dajka
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Laura Valeanu
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Walz
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Baumeister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelius Maihöfer
- Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Marschner
- Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Pflugradt
- Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olivier Gires
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group "Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer", Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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22
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Karlina R, Lutter D, Miok V, Fischer D, Altun I, Schöttl T, Schorpp K, Israel A, Cero C, Johnson JW, Kapser-Fischer I, Böttcher A, Keipert S, Feuchtinger A, Graf E, Strom T, Walch A, Lickert H, Walzthoeni T, Heinig M, Theis FJ, García-Cáceres C, Cypess AM, Ussar S. Identification and characterization of distinct brown adipocyte subtypes in C57BL/6J mice. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 4:4/1/e202000924. [PMID: 33257475 PMCID: PMC7723269 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a number of cell biological and statistical methods we identify and characterize EIF5, TCF25 and BIN1 as markers for individual brown adipocyte subtypes in C57BL/6J mice. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in the regulation of body weight and glucose homeostasis. Although increasing evidence supports white adipose tissue heterogeneity, little is known about heterogeneity within murine BAT. Recently, UCP1 high and low expressing brown adipocytes were identified, but a developmental origin of these subtypes has not been studied. To obtain more insights into brown preadipocyte heterogeneity, we use single-cell RNA sequencing of the BAT stromal vascular fraction of C57/BL6 mice and characterize brown preadipocyte and adipocyte clonal cell lines. Statistical analysis of gene expression profiles from brown preadipocyte and adipocyte clones identify markers distinguishing brown adipocyte subtypes. We confirm the presence of distinct brown adipocyte populations in vivo using the markers EIF5, TCF25, and BIN1. We also demonstrate that loss of Bin1 enhances UCP1 expression and mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that BIN1 marks dormant brown adipocytes. The existence of multiple brown adipocyte subtypes suggests distinct functional properties of BAT depending on its cellular composition, with potentially distinct functions in thermogenesis and the regulation of whole body energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Karlina
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Lutter
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany .,Computational Discovery Research Unit, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Viktorian Miok
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Computational Discovery Research Unit, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David Fischer
- Institute for Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Irem Altun
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Schöttl
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kenji Schorpp
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Israel
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cheryl Cero
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James W Johnson
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ingrid Kapser-Fischer
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anika Böttcher
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Keipert
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Graf
- Institute for Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tim Strom
- Institute for Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Walzthoeni
- Institute for Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute for Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute for Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Mathematics and School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cristina García-Cáceres
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aaron M Cypess
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- Research Group Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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23
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Application of digital image analysis on histological images of a murine embryoid body model for monitoring endothelial differentiation. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153225. [PMID: 32987302 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro 3D model established from murine pluripotential stem cells (i.e., embryoid bodies (EBs)) is a dynamic model for endothelial differentiation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether digital image analysis (DIA) can be applied on histological sections of EBs in order to quantify endothelial differentiation over time. The EBs were established in suspension cultures for 21 days in three independent replicate experiments. At day 4, 6, 9, 14, 18, and 21, the EBs were fixed in formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and immunohistochemically (IHC) stained for CD31. The IHC-stained slides were digitally scanned and analysed using the Visiopharm® Quantitative Digital Pathology software Oncotopix™. The EBs developed CD31+ vascular-like structures during their differentiation. The quantitative DIA of the EBs showed that the log10 values of the relative CD31+ areas increased from -0.574 ± 0.470 (mean ± SD) at day 4 to 0.093 ± 0.688 (mean ± SD) at day 21 (p < 0.001). The approach presented in this study is a fast, quantitative and reproducible alternative method for an otherwise time-consuming and observer-dependent histological investigation. The future perspectives for such a system would be implementation of a modified version of the method on different 3D cultures and IHC markers.
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24
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A Scoring Method for Immunohistochemical Staining on Ki67. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:e20-e28. [PMID: 32287078 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An accurate interpretation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining results is crucial for precise disease diagnosis. In this study, we present a novel scoring method for interpreting and reporting of IHC staining assay results for the nuclear-type molecule. On the basis of the histologic characteristics, the samples were subdivided into 3 basic structural units and tissue subtypes including covered, mosaic, and mesenchymal subtypes. A cut-off of moderate-positive (2+) cells and 10% as the differential expression were applied to stratify the results into 11 grade scoring system (0 to X level). The observer can directly identify and count the number and percentage of positive cells from IHC staining data. Furthermore, Ki67 staining results in 88 carcinoma specimens were re-evaluated to determine the ease, reliability, reproducibility, and variance among different observers. The results indicated the consistency ratio of 68.0% for the mosaic subtype and 80% for the mesenchymal subtype, and 68.2% for the covered subtype by 5 experienced pathologists independently. Using 10% as the cut-off threshold, the consistency ratio of 92.5%, 96.8%, and 92.9% was noted for mosaic, mesenchymal, and covered subtypes, respectively. Besides, the correlation of counts revealed excellent agreement among the 5 independent pathologists. Overall, the proposed IHC scoring method is a novel, simple, reliable, and reproducible grading system for accurate interpretation of IHC staining data. Furthermore, the presented practical grading approach has the potential to improve the clinical evaluation of the IHC staining data for personalized therapy.
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25
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De novo discovery of metabolic heterogeneity with immunophenotype-guided imaging mass spectrometry. Mol Metab 2020; 36:100953. [PMID: 32278304 PMCID: PMC7149754 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry enables in situ label-free detection of thousands of metabolites from intact tissue samples. However, automated steps for multi-omics analyses and interpretation of histological images have not yet been implemented in mass spectrometry data analysis workflows. The characterization of molecular properties within cellular and histological features is done via time-consuming, non-objective, and irreproducible definitions of regions of interest, which are often accompanied by a loss of spatial resolution due to mass spectra averaging. Methods: We developed a new imaging pipeline called Spatial Correlation Image Analysis (SPACiAL), which is a computational multimodal workflow designed to combine molecular imaging data with multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC). SPACiAL allows comprehensive and spatially resolved in situ correlation analyses on a cellular resolution. To demonstrate the method, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization (MALDI) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) imaging mass spectrometry of metabolites and multiplex IHC staining were performed on the very same tissue section of mouse pancreatic islets and on human gastric cancer tissue specimens. The SPACiAL pipeline was used to perform an automatic, semantic-based, functional tissue annotation of histological and cellular features to identify metabolic profiles. Spatial correlation networks were generated to analyze metabolic heterogeneity associated with cellular features. Results: To demonstrate the new method, the SPACiAL pipeline was used to identify metabolic signatures of alpha and beta cells within islets of Langerhans, which are cell types that are not distinguishable via morphology alone. The semantic-based, functional tissue annotation allows an unprecedented analysis of metabolic heterogeneity via the generation of spatial correlation networks. Additionally, we demonstrated intra- and intertumoral metabolic heterogeneity within HER2/neu-positive and -negative gastric tumor cells. Conclusions: We developed the SPACiAL workflow to provide IHC-guided in situ metabolomics on intact tissue sections. Diminishing the workload by automated recognition of histological and functional features, the pipeline allows comprehensive analyses of metabolic heterogeneity. The multimodality of immunohistochemical staining and extensive molecular information from imaging mass spectrometry has the advantage of increasing both the efficiency and precision for spatially resolved analyses of specific cell types. The SPACiAL method is a stepping stone for the objective analysis of high-throughput, multi-omics data from clinical research and practice that is required for diagnostics, biomarker discovery, or therapy response prediction. Novel method enables phenotype-guided in situ metabolomics on intact tissue sections. Metabolic heterogeneity can be objectified under (patho-)physiological conditions. Innovative approach for tissue-based, preclinical, and clinical research.
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26
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Lopes N, Bergsland CH, Bjørnslett M, Pellinen T, Svindland A, Nesbakken A, Almeida R, Lothe RA, David L, Bruun J. Digital image analysis of multiplex fluorescence IHC in colorectal cancer recognizes the prognostic value of CDX2 and its negative correlation with SOX2. J Transl Med 2020; 100:120-134. [PMID: 31641225 PMCID: PMC6917572 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Flourescence-based multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) combined with multispectral imaging and digital image analysis (DIA) is a quantitative high-resolution method for determination of protein expression in tissue. We applied this method for five biomarkers (CDX2, SOX2, SOX9, E-cadherin, and β-catenin) using tissue microarrays of a Norwegian unselected series of primary colorectal cancer. The data were compared with previously obtained chromogenic IHC data of the same tissue cores, visually assessed by the Allred method. We found comparable results between the methods, although confirmed that DIA offered improved resolution to differentiate cases with high and low protein expression. However, we experienced inherent challenges with digital image analysis of membrane staining, which was better assessed visually. DIA and mIHC enabled quantitative analysis of biomarker coexpression on the same tissue section at the single-cell level, revealing a strong negative correlation between the differentiation markers CDX2 and SOX2. Both methods confirmed known prognostic associations for CDX2, but DIA improved data visualization and detection of clinicopathological and biological associations. In summary, mIHC combined with DIA is an efficient and reliable method to evaluate protein expression in tissue, here shown to recapitulate and improve detection of known clinicopathological and survival associations for the emerging biomarker CDX2, and is therefore a candidate approach to standardize CDX2 detection in pathology laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nair Lopes
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian Holst Bergsland
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Bjørnslett
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Teijo Pellinen
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0410 2071grid.7737.4Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aud Svindland
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arild Nesbakken
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Raquel Almeida
- 0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ragnhild A. Lothe
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonor David
- 0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ,0000 0001 1503 7226grid.5808.5Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jarle Bruun
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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27
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Seitz S, Kwon Y, Hartleben G, Jülg J, Sekar R, Krahmer N, Najafi B, Loft A, Gancheva S, Stemmer K, Feuchtinger A, Hrabe de Angelis M, Müller TD, Mann M, Blüher M, Roden M, Berriel Diaz M, Behrends C, Gilleron J, Herzig S, Zeigerer A. Hepatic Rab24 controls blood glucose homeostasis via improving mitochondrial plasticity. Nat Metab 2019; 1:1009-1026. [PMID: 32694843 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a key feature of obesity-related type 2 diabetes with increasing prevalence worldwide. To our knowledge, no treatment options are available to date, paving the way for more severe liver damage, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we show an unexpected function for an intracellular trafficking regulator, the small Rab GTPase Rab24, in mitochondrial fission and activation, which has an immediate impact on hepatic and systemic energy homeostasis. RAB24 is highly upregulated in the livers of obese patients with NAFLD and positively correlates with increased body fat in humans. Liver-selective inhibition of Rab24 increases autophagic flux and mitochondrial connectivity, leading to a strong improvement in hepatic steatosis and a reduction in serum glucose and cholesterol levels in obese mice. Our study highlights a potential therapeutic application of trafficking regulators, such as RAB24, for NAFLD and establishes a conceptual functional connection between intracellular transport and systemic metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Seitz
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yun Kwon
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Götz Hartleben
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Jülg
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Revathi Sekar
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bahar Najafi
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Loft
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- NF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mauricio Berriel Diaz
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jerome Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Chair Molecular Metabolic Control, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Zeigerer
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Sun N, Kunzke T, Sbiera S, Kircher S, Feuchtinger A, Aichler M, Herterich S, Ronchi CL, Weigand I, Schlegel N, Waldmann J, Candida Villares Fragoso M, Whitsett TG, Gill AJ, Fassnacht M, Walch A, Kroiss M. Prognostic Relevance of Steroid Sulfation in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Revealed by Molecular Phenotyping Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Clin Chem 2019; 65:1276-1286. [PMID: 31492715 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2019.306043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with variable prognosis even within the same tumor stage. Cancer-related sex hormones and their sulfated metabolites in body fluids can be used as tumor markers. The role of steroid sulfation in ACC has not yet been studied. MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a novel tool for tissue-based chemical phenotyping. METHODS We performed phenotyping of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 72 ACC by MALDI-MSI at a metabolomics level. RESULTS Tumoral steroid hormone metabolites-estradiol sulfate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10-0.69; P = 0.005] and estrone 3-sulfate (HR 0.22; 95% CI, 0.07-0.63; P = 0.003)-were significantly associated with prognosis in Kaplan-Meier analyses and after multivariable adjustment for age, tumor stage, and sex (HR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.79; P = 0.015 and HR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.10-0.91; P = 0.033, respectively). Expression of sulfotransferase SULT2A1 was associated with prognosis to a similar extent and was validated to be a prognostic factor in two published data sets. We discovered the presence of estradiol-17β 3,17-disulfate (E2S2) in a subset of tumors with particularly poor overall survival. Electron microscopy revealed novel membrane-delimited organelles in only these tumors. By applying cluster analyses of metabolomic data, 3 sulfation-related phenotypes exhibited specific metabolic features unrelated to steroid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS MALDI-MSI provides novel insights into the pathophysiology of ACC. Steroid hormone sulfation may be used for prognostication and treatment stratification. Sulfation-related metabolic reprogramming may be of relevance also in conditions beyond the rare ACC and can be directly investigated by the use of MALDI-MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Kunzke
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Anthony J Gill
- Royal North Shore Hospital and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; .,Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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29
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Murakami M, Rhayem Y, Kunzke T, Sun N, Feuchtinger A, Ludwig P, Strom TM, Gomez-Sanchez C, Knösel T, Kirchner T, Williams TA, Reincke M, Walch AK, Beuschlein F. In situ metabolomics of aldosterone-producing adenomas. JCI Insight 2019; 4:130356. [PMID: 31484828 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic examinations and multisteroid profiles have provided the basis for subclassification of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs). The objective of the current study was to produce a comprehensive, high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) map of APAs in relation to morphometry, immunohistochemical profiles, mutational status, and clinical outcome. The study cohort comprised 136 patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance MSI was conducted, and metabolite profiles were analyzed with genotype/phenotype information, including digital image analysis from morphometry and IHC of steroidogenic enzymes. Distinct molecular signatures between KCNJ5- and CACNA1D-mutated APAs with significant differences of 137 metabolites, including metabolites of purine metabolism and steroidogenesis, were observed. Intratumor concentration of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol were inversely correlated with the staining intensity of CYP11B1. Lower staining intensity of CYP11B1 and higher levels of 18-oxocortisol were associated with a higher probability of complete clinical success after surgery. The present study demonstrates distinct metabolomic profiles of APAs in relation to tumor genotype. In addition, we reveal an inverse correlation between cortisol derivatives and CYP11B1 and the impact of 18-oxocortisol and CYP11B1 on clinical outcome, which provides unprecedented insights into the pathophysiology, clinical features, and steroidogenesis of APAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Murakami
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yara Rhayem
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology and
| | | | - Philippe Ludwig
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Matthias Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Celso Gomez-Sanchez
- Division of Endocrinology, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tracy Ann Williams
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Division of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Felix Beuschlein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Unviersitätsspital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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von Gamm M, Schaub A, Jones AN, Wolf C, Behrens G, Lichti J, Essig K, Macht A, Pircher J, Ehrlich A, Davari K, Chauhan D, Busch B, Wurst W, Feederle R, Feuchtinger A, Tschöp MH, Friedel CC, Hauck SM, Sattler M, Geerlof A, Hornung V, Heissmeyer V, Schulz C, Heikenwalder M, Glasmacher E. Immune homeostasis and regulation of the interferon pathway require myeloid-derived Regnase-3. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1700-1723. [PMID: 31126966 PMCID: PMC6605757 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNase Regnase-1 is a master RNA regulator in macrophages and T cells that degrades cellular and viral RNA upon NF-κB signaling. The roles of its family members, however, remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed Regnase-3-deficient mice, which develop hypertrophic lymph nodes. We used various mice with immune cell-specific deletions of Regnase-3 to demonstrate that Regnase-3 acts specifically within myeloid cells. Regnase-3 deficiency systemically increased IFN signaling, which increased the proportion of immature B and innate immune cells, and suppressed follicle and germinal center formation. Expression analysis revealed that Regnase-3 and Regnase-1 share protein degradation pathways. Unlike Regnase-1, Regnase-3 expression is high specifically in macrophages and is transcriptionally controlled by IFN signaling. Although direct targets in macrophages remain unknown, Regnase-3 can bind, degrade, and regulate mRNAs, such as Zc3h12a (Regnase-1), in vitro. These data indicate that Regnase-3, like Regnase-1, is an RNase essential for immune homeostasis but has diverged as key regulator in the IFN pathway in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias von Gamm
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annalisa Schaub
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alisha N Jones
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Christine Wolf
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gesine Behrens
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Johannes Lichti
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Essig
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Anna Macht
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Pircher
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ehrlich
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Dhruv Chauhan
- Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Busch
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Technische Universität München-Weihenstephan, Neuherberg-Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline C Friedel
- Institute for Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Veit Hornung
- Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Vigo Heissmeyer
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer (F180), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elke Glasmacher
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany .,Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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31
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Siebert C, Ciato D, Murakami M, Frei-Stuber L, Perez-Rivas LG, Monteserin-Garcia JL, Nölting S, Maurer J, Feuchtinger A, Walch AK, Haak HR, Bertherat J, Mannelli M, Fassnacht M, Korpershoek E, Reincke M, Stalla GK, Hantel C, Beuschlein F. Heat Shock Protein 90 as a Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target for Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:487. [PMID: 31379752 PMCID: PMC6658895 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor entity with restricted therapeutic opportunities. HSP90 (Heat Shock Protein 90) chaperone activity is fundamental for cell survival and contributes to different oncogenic signaling pathways. Indeed, agents targeting HSP90 function have shown therapeutic efficacy in several cancer types. We have examined the expression of HSP90 in different adrenal tumors and evaluated the use of HSP90 inhibitors in vitro as possible therapy for ACC. Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of HSP90 isoforms was investigated in different adrenocortical tumors and associated with clinical features. Additionally, a panel of N-terminal (17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), luminespib, and ganetespib) and C-terminal (novobiocin and silibinin) HSP90 inhibitors were tested on various ACC cell lines. Results: Within adrenocortical tumors, ACC samples exhibited the highest expression of HSP90β. Within a cohort of ACC patients, HSP90β expression levels were inversely correlated with recurrence-free and overall survival. In functional assays, among five different compounds tested luminespib and ganetespib induced a significant decrease in cell viability in single as well as in combined treatments with compounds of the clinically used EDP-M scheme (etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin, mitotane). Inhibition of cell viability correlated furthermore with a decrease in proliferation, in cell migration and an increase in apoptosis. Moreover, analysis of cancer pathways indicated a modulation of the ERK1/2-and AKT-pathways by luminespib and ganetespib treatment. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize HSP90 as a marker with prognostic impact and promising target with N-terminal HSP90 inhibitors as drugs with potential therapeutic efficacy toward ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Siebert
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Denis Ciato
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Masanori Murakami
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig Frei-Stuber
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Luis Gustavo Perez-Rivas
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Svenja Nölting
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Maurer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Axel K. Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harm R. Haak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Ageing and Long-Term Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Massimo Mannelli
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Central Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter K. Stalla
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Medicover Neuroendocrinology, Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Endokrinologie, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Felix Beuschlein
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Saller MM, Huettl RE, Mayer JM, Feuchtinger A, Krug C, Holzbach T, Volkmer E. Validation of a novel animal model for sciatic nerve repair with an adipose-derived stem cell loaded fibrin conduit. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:854-861. [PMID: 29863016 PMCID: PMC5998632 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.232481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the regenerative capabilities of peripheral nerves, severe injuries or neuronal trauma of critical size impose immense hurdles for proper restoration of neuro-muscular circuitry. Autologous nerve grafts improve re-establishment of connectivity, but also comprise substantial donor site morbidity. We developed a rat model which allows the testing of different cell applications, i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, to improve nerve regeneration in vivo. To mimic inaccurate alignment of autologous nerve grafts with the injured nerve, a 20 mm portion of the sciatic nerve was excised, and sutured back in place in reversed direction. To validate the feasibility of our novel model, a fibrin gel conduit containing autologous undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells was applied around the coaptation sites and compared to autologous nerve grafts. After evaluating sciatic nerve function for 16 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, and gastrocnemius muscle weight was determined along with morphological parameters (g-ratio, axon density & diameter) of regenerating axons. Interestingly, the addition of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells resulted in a significantly improved re-myelination, axon ingrowth and functional outcome, when compared to animals without a cell seeded conduit. The presented model thus displays several intriguing features: it imitates a certain mismatch in size, distribution and orientation of axons within the nerve coaptation site. The fibrin conduit itself allows for an easy application of cells and, as a true critical-size defect model, any observed improvement relates directly to the performed intervention. Since fibrin and adipose-derived stem cells have been approved for human applications, the technique can theoretically be performed on humans. Thus, we suggest that the model is a powerful tool to investigate cell mediated assistance of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M Saller
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Rosa-Eva Huettl
- Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Munich, Germany
| | - Julius M Mayer
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU); Department of Hand-, Plastic- and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Krug
- Department of Hand-, Plastic- and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Holzbach
- Department of Hand-, Plastic- and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Elias Volkmer
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU); Department of Hand-, Plastic- and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
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Koopman T, de Bock GH, Buikema HJ, Smits MM, Louwen M, Hage M, Imholz ALT, van der Vegt B. Digital image analysis of HER2 immunohistochemistry in gastric- and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a validation study on biopsies and surgical specimens. Histopathology 2017; 72:191-200. [PMID: 28746978 DOI: 10.1111/his.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To test the validity of diagnostics incorporating digital image analysis (DIA) for human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) immunohistochemistry (IHC) in gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas, as an alternative to current standard diagnostics using manual scoring. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 319 consecutive gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas (232 biopsies and 87 surgical specimens). DIA was applied to determine HER2 IHC classification, using both standard breast cancer (BC) and modified gastro-oesophageal cancer (GEC) cut-offs. Consensus manual scores were established by four independent observers. Chromogenic in-situ hybridization (CISH) was performed on all 2+ cases by manual scoring, DIA or both. HER2 status was considered positive in 3+ and CISH-positive 2+ cases. Overall agreement between DIA and consensus manual scores was 76.5% (weighted κ = 0.66, BC cut-offs) and 85.6% (weighted κ = 0.80, GEC cut-offs). Agreement was similar for biopsies and surgical specimens. All disagreement occurred in the manual IHC equivocal cases. DIA resulted in a reduction of 2+ cases: 75.8% with BC cut-offs and 46.5% with GEC cut-offs. HER2 status was positive in 48 cases (15%) with standard diagnostics and DIA using GEC cut-offs, and 46 cases (14.4%) using BC cut-offs (all with CISH in 2+ cases). Considering standard diagnostics as a reference, DIA showed 93.8% sensitivity and 99.6% specificity (BC cut-offs) or 97.9% sensitivity and 99.6% specificity (GEC cut-offs). CONCLUSIONS DIA is a reliable and feasible alternative to manual HER2 IHC scoring in gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma, both in biopsies and surgical specimens, leading to a reduction of 2+ cases for which subsequent ISH testing is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timco Koopman
- Department of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geertruida H de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk J Buikema
- Department of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria M Smits
- Department of Pathology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Louwen
- Department of Pathology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Hage
- Department of Pathology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - Alex L T Imholz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- Department of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Bertram CA, Klopfleisch R. The Pathologist 2.0: An Update on Digital Pathology in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Pathol 2017; 54:756-766. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985817709888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christof A. Bertram
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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35
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Arlt W, Lang K, Sitch AJ, Dietz AS, Rhayem Y, Bancos I, Feuchtinger A, Chortis V, Gilligan LC, Ludwig P, Riester A, Asbach E, Hughes BA, O'Neil DM, Bidlingmaier M, Tomlinson JW, Hassan-Smith ZK, Rees DA, Adolf C, Hahner S, Quinkler M, Dekkers T, Deinum J, Biehl M, Keevil BG, Shackleton CH, Deeks JJ, Walch AK, Beuschlein F, Reincke M. Steroid metabolome analysis reveals prevalent glucocorticoid excess in primary aldosteronism. JCI Insight 2017; 2:93136. [PMID: 28422753 PMCID: PMC5396526 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.93136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenal aldosterone excess is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity. However, adverse metabolic risk in primary aldosteronism extends beyond hypertension, with increased rates of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis, which cannot be easily explained by aldosterone excess. METHODS We performed mass spectrometry-based analysis of a 24-hour urine steroid metabolome in 174 newly diagnosed patients with primary aldosteronism (103 unilateral adenomas, 71 bilateral adrenal hyperplasias) in comparison to 162 healthy controls, 56 patients with endocrine inactive adrenal adenoma, 104 patients with mild subclinical, and 47 with clinically overt adrenal cortisol excess. We also analyzed the expression of cortisol-producing CYP11B1 and aldosterone-producing CYP11B2 enzymes in adenoma tissue from 57 patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma, employing immunohistochemistry with digital image analysis. RESULTS Primary aldosteronism patients had significantly increased cortisol and total glucocorticoid metabolite excretion (all P < 0.001), only exceeded by glucocorticoid output in patients with clinically overt adrenal Cushing syndrome. Several surrogate parameters of metabolic risk correlated significantly with glucocorticoid but not mineralocorticoid output. Intratumoral CYP11B1 expression was significantly associated with the corresponding in vivo glucocorticoid excretion. Unilateral adrenalectomy resolved both mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid excess. Postoperative evidence of adrenal insufficiency was found in 13 (29%) of 45 consecutively tested patients. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that glucocorticoid cosecretion is frequently found in primary aldosteronism and contributes to associated metabolic risk. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy alone may not be sufficient to counteract adverse metabolic risk in medically treated patients with primary aldosteronism. FUNDING Medical Research Council UK, Wellcome Trust, European Commission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina Lang
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alice J Sitch
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna S Dietz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yara Rhayem
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Bancos
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Vasileios Chortis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna C Gilligan
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Ludwig
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Riester
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Evelyn Asbach
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Beverly A Hughes
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Donna M O'Neil
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Bidlingmaier
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeremy W Tomlinson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zaki K Hassan-Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Aled Rees
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Adolf
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hahner
- Department of Medicine I, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Dekkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Deinum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michael Biehl
- Johann Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Brian G Keevil
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cedric Hl Shackleton
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,University of California at San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Jonathan J Deeks
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Axel K Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Bartley AN, Washington MK, Colasacco C, Ventura CB, Ismaila N, Benson AB, Carrato A, Gulley ML, Jain D, Kakar S, Mackay HJ, Streutker C, Tang L, Troxell M, Ajani JA. HER2 Testing and Clinical Decision Making in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:446-464. [PMID: 28129524 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.69.4836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context ERBB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 or HER2) is currently the only biomarker established for selection of a specific therapy for patients with advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA). However, there are no comprehensive guidelines for the assessment of HER2 in patients with GEA. Objectives To establish an evidence-based guideline for HER2 testing in patients with GEA, formalize the algorithms for methods to improve the accuracy of HER2 testing while addressing which patients and tumor specimens are appropriate, and to provide guidance on clinical decision making. Design The College of American Pathologists (CAP), American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) convened an Expert Panel to conduct a systematic review of the literature to develop an evidence-based guideline with recommendations for optimal HER2 testing in patients with GEA. Results The Panel is proposing 11 recommendations with strong agreement from the open comment participants. Recommendations The Panel recommends that tumor specimen(s) from all patients with advanced GEA, who are candidates for HER2-targeted therapy, should be assessed for HER2 status before the initiation of HER2-targeted therapy. Clinicians should offer combination chemotherapy and an HER2-targeted agent as initial therapy for all patients with HER2-positive advanced GEA. For pathologists, guidance is provided for morphologic selection of neoplastic tissue, testing algorithms, scoring methods, interpretation and reporting of results, and laboratory quality assurance. Conclusion This guideline provides specific recommendations for assessment of HER2 in patients with advanced GEA while addressing pertinent technical issues and clinical implications of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela N Bartley
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mary Kay Washington
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Carol Colasacco
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christina B Ventura
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nofisat Ismaila
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Al B Benson
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Margaret L Gulley
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Dhanpat Jain
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sanjay Kakar
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Helen J Mackay
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Catherine Streutker
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Laura Tang
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Megan Troxell
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Angela N. Bartley, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Mary Kay Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Carol Colasacco and Christina B. Ventura, College of American Pathologists, Northfield; Al B. Benson III, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Alfredo Carrato, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Margaret L. Gulley, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Dhanpat Jain, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sanjay Kakar, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Helen J. Mackay, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Catherine Streutker, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Laura Tang, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Megan Troxell, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; and Jaffer A. Ajani, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Nolte S, Zlobec I, Lugli A, Hohenberger W, Croner R, Merkel S, Hartmann A, Geppert CI, Rau TT. Construction and analysis of tissue microarrays in the era of digital pathology: a pilot study targeting CDX1 and CDX2 in a colon cancer cohort of 612 patients. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2017; 3:58-70. [PMID: 28138402 PMCID: PMC5259563 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CDX1 and CDX2 are possibly predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer. We combined digitally‐guided (next generation) TMA construction (ngTMA) and the utility of digital image analysis (DIA) to assess accuracy, tumour heterogeneity and the selective impact of different combined intensity‐percentage levels on prognosis.CDX1 and CDX2 immunohistochemistry was performed on ngTMAs covering normal tissue, tumour centre and invasive front. The percentages of all epithelial cells per staining intensity per core were analysed digitally. Beyond classical prognosis analysis following REMARK guidelines, we investigated pre‐analytical conditions, three different types of heterogeneity (mosaic‐like, targeted and haphazard) and influences on cohort segregation and patient selection. The ngTMA‐DIA approach produced robust biomarker data with infrequent core loss and excellent on‐target punching. The detailed assessment of tumour heterogeneity could – except for a certain diffuse mosaic‐like heterogeneity – exclude differences between the invasive front and tumour centre, as well as detect haphazard clonal heterogeneous elements. Moreover, lower CDX1 and CDX2 counts correlated with mucinous histology, higher TNM stage, higher tumour grade and worse survival (p < 0.01, all). Different protein expression intensity levels shared comparable prognostic power and a great overlap in patient selection. The combination of ngTMA with DIA enhances accuracy and controls for biomarker analysis. Beyond the confirmation of CDX1 and CDX2 as prognostically relevant markers in CRC, this study highlights the greater robustness of CDX2 in comparison to CDX1. For the assessment of CDX2 protein loss, cut‐points as percentage data of complete protein loss can be deduced as a recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nolte
- Institute of Pathology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Inti Zlobec
- Institute of Pathology University Bern Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Werner Hohenberger
- Department of Surgery Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Roland Croner
- Department of Surgery Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Susanne Merkel
- Department of Surgery Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Tilman T Rau
- Institute of PathologyFriedrich Alexander University Erlangen-NurembergErlangenGermany; Institute of PathologyUniversity BernBernSwitzerland
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Bartley AN, Washington MK, Ventura CB, Ismaila N, Colasacco C, Benson AB, Carrato A, Gulley ML, Jain D, Kakar S, Mackay HJ, Streutker C, Tang L, Troxell M, Ajani JA. HER2 Testing and Clinical Decision Making in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016; 140:1345-1363. [PMID: 27841667 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0331-cp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT - ERBB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 or HER2) is currently the only biomarker established for selection of a specific therapy for patients with advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA). However, there are no comprehensive guidelines for the assessment of HER2 in patients with GEA. OBJECTIVES - To establish an evidence-based guideline for HER2 testing in patients with GEA, to formalize the algorithms for methods to improve the accuracy of HER2 testing while addressing which patients and tumor specimens are appropriate, and to provide guidance on clinical decision making. DESIGN - The College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology convened an expert panel to conduct a systematic review of the literature to develop an evidence-based guideline with recommendations for optimal HER2 testing in patients with GEA. RESULTS - The panel is proposing 11 recommendations with strong agreement from the open-comment participants. RECOMMENDATIONS - The panel recommends that tumor specimen(s) from all patients with advanced GEA, who are candidates for HER2-targeted therapy, should be assessed for HER2 status before the initiation of HER2-targeted therapy. Clinicians should offer combination chemotherapy and a HER2-targeted agent as initial therapy for all patients with HER2-positive advanced GEA. For pathologists, guidance is provided for morphologic selection of neoplastic tissue, testing algorithms, scoring methods, interpretation and reporting of results, and laboratory quality assurance. CONCLUSIONS - This guideline provides specific recommendations for assessment of HER2 in patients with advanced GEA while addressing pertinent technical issues and clinical implications of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela N Bartley
- From the Department of Pathology, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Dr Bartley); the Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Washington); Surveys (Ms Ventura) and Governance (Ms Colasacco), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; Quality and Guidelines Department, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Dr Ismaila); the Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Benson); Medical Oncology Department, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (Dr Carrato); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Dr Gulley); the Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Dr Jain); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California (Dr Kakar); the Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto/Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Mackay); the Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Streutker); the Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (Dr Tang); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Troxell); and the Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Ajani)
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Bartley AN, Washington MK, Ventura CB, Ismaila N, Colasacco C, Benson AB, Carrato A, Gulley ML, Jain D, Kakar S, Mackay HJ, Streutker C, Tang L, Troxell M, Ajani JA. HER2 Testing and Clinical Decision Making in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology. Am J Clin Pathol 2016; 146:647-669. [PMID: 28077399 PMCID: PMC6272805 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT ERBB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 or HER2) is currently the only biomarker established for selection of a specific therapy for patients with advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA). However, there are no comprehensive guidelines for the assessment of HER2 in patients with GEA. OBJECTIVES To establish an evidence-based guideline for HER2 testing in patients with GEA, to formalize the algorithms for methods to improve the accuracy of HER2 testing while addressing which patients and tumor specimens are appropriate, and to provide guidance on clinical decision making. DESIGN The College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology convened an expert panel to conduct a systematic review of the literature to develop an evidence-based guideline with recommendations for optimal HER2 testing in patients with GEA. RESULTS The panel is proposing 11 recommendations with strong agreement from the open-comment participants. RECOMMENDATIONS The panel recommends that tumor specimen(s) from all patients with advanced GEA, who are candidates for HER2-targeted therapy, should be assessed for HER2 status before the initiation of HER2-targeted therapy. Clinicians should offer combination chemotherapy and a HER2-targeted agent as initial therapy for all patients with HER2-positive advanced GEA. For pathologists, guidance is provided for morphologic selection of neoplastic tissue, testing algorithms, scoring methods, interpretation and reporting of results, and laboratory quality assurance. CONCLUSIONS This guideline provides specific recommendations for assessment of HER2 in patients with advanced GEA while addressing pertinent technical issues and clinical implications of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela N Bartley
- From the Department of Pathology, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Mary Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Nofisat Ismaila
- Quality and Guidelines Department, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA
| | - Carol Colasacco
- Surveys and Governance, College of American Pathologists, Northfield, IL
| | - Al B Benson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margaret L Gulley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Dhanpat Jain
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sanjay Kakar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA
| | - Helen J Mackay
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto/Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Laura Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Megan Troxell
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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Fusco N, Bosari S. HER2 aberrations and heterogeneity in cancers of the digestive system: Implications for pathologists and gastroenterologists. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:7926-7937. [PMID: 27672288 PMCID: PMC5028807 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i35.7926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of cancers of the digestive system has progressed rapidly into the molecular era. Despite the significant recent achievements in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients, the number of deaths for these tumors has currently plateaued. Many investigations have assessed the role of HER2 in tumors of the digestive system in both prognostic and therapeutic settings, with heterogeneous results. Novel testing and treatment guidelines are emerging, in particular in gastric and colorectal cancers. However, further advances are needed. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-knowledge of HER2 alterations in the most common tumors of the digestive system and discuss the operational implications of HER2 testing.
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Kalatskaya I. Overview of major molecular alterations during progression from Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1381:74-91. [PMID: 27415609 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) develops in the sequential transformation of normal epithelium into metaplastic epithelium, called Barrett's esophagus (BE), then to dysplasia, and finally cancer. BE is a common condition in which normal stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus is replaced with an intestine-like columnar epithelium, and it is the most prominent risk factor for EAC. This review aims to impartially systemize the knowledge from a large number of publications that describe the molecular and biochemical alterations occurring over this progression sequence. In order to provide an unbiased extraction of the knowledge from the literature, a text-mining methodology was used to select genes that are involved in the BE progression, with the top candidate genes found to be TP53, CDKN2A, CTNNB1, CDH1, GPX3, and NOX5. In addition, sample frequencies across analyzed patient cohorts at each stage of disease progression are summarized. All six genes are altered in the majority of EAC patients, and accumulation of alterations correlates well with the sequential progression of BE to cancer, indicating that the text-mining method is a valid approach for gene prioritization. This review discusses how, besides being cancer drivers, these genes are functionally interconnected and might collectively be considered a central hub of BE progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kalatskaya
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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42
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Mendler CT, Feuchtinger A, Heid I, Aichler M, D'Alessandria C, Pirsig S, Blechert B, Wester HJ, Braren R, Walch A, Skerra A, Schwaiger M. Tumor Uptake of Anti-CD20 Fabs Depends on Tumor Perfusion. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1971-1977. [PMID: 27417649 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.176784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies have become an established treatment modality in cancer therapy during the last decade. However, these treatments often suffer from an insufficient and heterogeneous response despite validated antigen or target receptor expression in the tumor. In fact, therapeutic success depends on both the presence of the tumor antigen and its accessibility by the antibody. In search of a suitable preclinical animal model to evaluate the mechanisms of tumor heterogeneity and hemodynamics, we characterized two exemplary non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes with comparable CD20 expression and metabolism, SUDHL-4 and Granta-519, using multimodal imaging techniques. METHODS To investigate in vivo biodistribution, two differently modified αCD20 antigen-binding fragments (Fab), prepared by PASylation with a 200-residue polypeptide tag comprising Pro, Ala, and Ser (PAS200) and by fusion with an albumin-binding domain (ABD), were radiolabeled with 125I and intravenously injected into immunocompromised mice bearing corresponding xenografts. RESULTS Validation with 18F-FDG revealed a similar distribution in vital tumor tissue 1 h after injection. However, large differences in tumor uptake were observed when the CD20-specific radiotracers 125I-Fab-ABD and 125I-Fab-PAS200 were applied (respective percentages injected dose per gram at 24 h after injection: 12.3 and 2.4 for Granta-519 vs. 5.8 and 1.2 for SUDHL-4). Three-dimensional light-sheet fluorescence microscopy with Cy5-Fab-PAS200 confirmed better tracer extravasation in the Granta-519 tumors. Moreover, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI revealed significantly reduced perfusion in the SUDHL-4 tumors. CONCLUSION Tracer uptake was highly dependent on local tumor perfusion and Fab permeation in the SUDHL-4 and Granta-519 tumors. Thus, the SUDHL-4 xenograft offers an excellent model for investigating the influence of therapies affecting tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Theresa Mendler
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany .,Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS-M) and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Irina Heid
- Institute of Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany; and
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Calogero D'Alessandria
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Sabine Pirsig
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Birgit Blechert
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Institute of Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany; and
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arne Skerra
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS-M) and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
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Rizzardi AE, Zhang X, Vogel RI, Kolb S, Geybels MS, Leung YK, Henriksen JC, Ho SM, Kwak J, Stanford JL, Schmechel SC. Quantitative comparison and reproducibility of pathologist scoring and digital image analysis of estrogen receptor β2 immunohistochemistry in prostate cancer. Diagn Pathol 2016; 11:63. [PMID: 27401406 PMCID: PMC4940862 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Digital image analysis offers advantages over traditional pathologist visual scoring of immunohistochemistry, although few studies examining the correlation and reproducibility of these methods have been performed in prostate cancer. We evaluated the correlation between digital image analysis (continuous variable data) and pathologist visual scoring (quasi-continuous variable data), reproducibility of each method, and association of digital image analysis methods with outcomes using prostate cancer tissue microarrays (TMAs) stained for estrogen receptor-β2 (ERβ2). Methods Prostate cancer TMAs were digitized and evaluated by pathologist visual scoring versus digital image analysis for ERβ2 staining within tumor epithelium. Two independent analysis runs were performed to evaluate reproducibility. Image analysis data were evaluated for associations with recurrence-free survival and disease specific survival following radical prostatectomy. Results We observed weak/moderate Spearman correlation between digital image analysis and pathologist visual scores of tumor nuclei (Analysis Run A: 0.42, Analysis Run B: 0.41), and moderate/strong correlation between digital image analysis and pathologist visual scores of tumor cytoplasm (Analysis Run A: 0.70, Analysis Run B: 0.69). For the reproducibility analysis, there was high Spearman correlation between pathologist visual scores generated for individual TMA spots across Analysis Runs A and B (Nuclei: 0.84, Cytoplasm: 0.83), and very high correlation between digital image analysis for individual TMA spots across Analysis Runs A and B (Nuclei: 0.99, Cytoplasm: 0.99). Further, ERβ2 staining was significantly associated with increased risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) when quantified by cytoplasmic digital image analysis (HR 2.16, 95 % CI 1.02–4.57, p = 0.045), nuclear image analysis (HR 2.67, 95 % CI 1.20–5.96, p = 0.016), and total malignant epithelial area analysis (HR 5.10, 95 % CI 1.70–15.34, p = 0.004). After adjusting for clinicopathologic factors, only total malignant epithelial area ERβ2 staining was significantly associated with PCSM (HR 4.08, 95 % CI 1.37–12.15, p = 0.012). Conclusions Digital methods of immunohistochemical quantification are more reproducible than pathologist visual scoring in prostate cancer, suggesting that digital methods are preferable and especially warranted for studies involving large sample sizes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13000-016-0511-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Rizzardi
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 908 Jefferson Street, Room 2NJB244, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 300 Ninth Ave, Research & Training Building, Room 421, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Xiaotun Zhang
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rachel Isaksson Vogel
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Suzanne Kolb
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Milan S Geybels
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Divison of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Center for Environmental Genetics, Cincinnati Cancer Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Cincinnati Cancer Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan C Henriksen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 908 Jefferson Street, Room 2NJB244, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Divison of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Center for Environmental Genetics, Cincinnati Cancer Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Cincinnati Cancer Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Julianna Kwak
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 908 Jefferson Street, Room 2NJB244, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen C Schmechel
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 908 Jefferson Street, Room 2NJB244, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
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Identification of proliferative and mature β-cells in the islets of Langerhans. Nature 2016; 535:430-4. [PMID: 27398620 DOI: 10.1038/nature18624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-dependent diabetes is a complex multifactorial disorder characterized by loss or dysfunction of β-cells. Pancreatic β-cells differ in size, glucose responsiveness, insulin secretion and precursor cell potential; understanding the mechanisms that underlie this functional heterogeneity might make it possible to develop new regenerative approaches. Here we show that Fltp (also known as Flattop and Cfap126), a Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) effector and reporter gene acts as a marker gene that subdivides endocrine cells into two subpopulations and distinguishes proliferation-competent from mature β-cells with distinct molecular, physiological and ultrastructural features. Genetic lineage tracing revealed that endocrine subpopulations from Fltp-negative and -positive lineages react differently to physiological and pathological changes. The expression of Fltp increases when endocrine cells cluster together to form polarized and mature 3D islet mini-organs. We show that 3D architecture and Wnt/PCP ligands are sufficient to trigger β-cell maturation. By contrast, the Wnt/PCP effector Fltp is not necessary for β-cell development, proliferation or maturation. We conclude that 3D architecture and Wnt/PCP signalling underlie functional β-cell heterogeneity and induce β-cell maturation. The identification of Fltp as a marker for endocrine subpopulations sheds light on the molecular underpinnings of islet cell heterogeneity and plasticity and might enable targeting of endocrine subpopulations for the regeneration of functional β-cell mass in diabetic patients.
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Taatjes DJ, Roth J. The Histochemistry and Cell Biology omnium-gatherum: the year 2015 in review. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 145:239-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cheng CL, Azhar R, Sng SHA, Chua YQ, Hwang JSG, Chin JPF, Seah WK, Loke JCL, Ang RHL, Tan PH. Enabling digital pathology in the diagnostic setting: navigating through the implementation journey in an academic medical centre. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:784-92. [PMID: 26873939 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS As digital pathology (DP) and whole slide imaging (WSI) technology advance and mature, there is an increasing drive to incorporate DP into the diagnostic environment. However, integration of DP into the diagnostic laboratory is a non-trivial task and filled with unexpected challenges unlike standalone implementations. We share our journey of implementing DP in the diagnostic laboratory setting, highlighting seven key guiding principles that drive the progression through implementation into deployment and beyond. METHODS The DP implementation with laboratory information system integration was completed in 8 months, including validation of the solution for diagnostic use in accordance with College of American Pathologists guidelines. We also conducted prospective validation via paired delivery of glass slides and WSI to our pathologists postdeployment. RESULTS Common themes in our guiding principles included emphasis on workflow and being comprehensive in the approach, looking beyond pathologist user champions and expanding into an extended project team involving laboratory technicians, clerical/data room staff and archival staff. Concordance between glass slides and WSI ranged from 93% to 100% among various applications on validation. We also provided equal opportunities for every pathologist throughout the department to be competent and confident with DP through prospective validation, with overall concordance of 96% compared with glass slides, allowing appreciation of the advantages and limitations of WSI, hence enabling the use of DP as a useful diagnostic modality. CONCLUSIONS Smooth integration of DP into the diagnostic laboratory is possible with careful planning, discipline and a systematic approach adhering to our guiding principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Leong Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Rafay Azhar
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shi Hui Adeline Sng
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yong Quan Chua
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | | | - Jennifer Poi Fun Chin
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Waih Khuen Seah
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | | | - Roy Hang Leng Ang
- Integrated Health Information Systems, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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Prichard JW, Davison JM, Campbell BB, Repa KA, Reese LM, Nguyen XM, Li J, Foxwell T, Taylor DL, Critchley-Thorne RJ. TissueCypher(™): A systems biology approach to anatomic pathology. J Pathol Inform 2015; 6:48. [PMID: 26430536 PMCID: PMC4584447 DOI: 10.4103/2153-3539.163987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Current histologic methods for diagnosis are limited by intra- and inter-observer variability. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods are frequently used to assess biomarkers to aid diagnoses, however, IHC staining is variable and nonlinear and the manual interpretation is subjective. Furthermore, the biomarkers assessed clinically are typically biomarkers of epithelial cell processes. Tumors and premalignant tissues are not composed only of epithelial cells but are interacting systems of multiple cell types, including various stromal cell types that are involved in cancer development. The complex network of the tissue system highlights the need for a systems biology approach to anatomic pathology, in which quantification of system processes is combined with informatics tools to produce actionable scores to aid clinical decision-making. Aims: Here, we describe a quantitative, multiplexed biomarker imaging approach termed TissueCypher™ that applies systems biology to anatomic pathology. Applications of TissueCypher™ in understanding the tissue system of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and the potential use as an adjunctive tool in the diagnosis of BE are described. Patients and Methods: The TissueCypher™ Image Analysis Platform was used to assess 14 epithelial and stromal biomarkers with known diagnostic significance in BE in a set of BE biopsies with nondysplastic BE with reactive atypia (RA, n = 22) and Barrett's with high-grade dysplasia (HGD, n = 17). Biomarker and morphology features were extracted and evaluated in the confirmed BE HGD cases versus the nondysplastic BE cases with RA. Results: Multiple image analysis features derived from epithelial and stromal biomarkers, including immune biomarkers and morphology, showed significant differences between HGD and RA. Conclusions: The assessment of epithelial cell abnormalities combined with an assessment of cellular changes in the lamina propria may serve as an adjunct to conventional pathology in the assessment of BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Prichard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Jon M Davison
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bruce B Campbell
- Cernostics, Inc., 235 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Kathleen A Repa
- Cernostics, Inc., 235 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Lia M Reese
- Cernostics, Inc., 235 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Xuan M Nguyen
- Cernostics, Inc., 235 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Tyler Foxwell
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - D Lansing Taylor
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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48
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Supremacy of modern morphometry in typing renal oncocytoma and malignant look-alikes. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 144:147-56. [PMID: 25929744 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1324-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the era of tumour type-specific therapies, the correct typing of renal tumours is of prime importance. As immunotyping and genotyping approaches are laborious and fall short of standardization, we used whole-scale computer-assisted morphometry instead. Three different types of renal tumours with different prognoses and therapies, notoriously prone to mistyping, were analysed . The sample of 335 tumours included clear cell renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and renal oncocytoma. The sample was analysed using H&E stains of tissue microarrrays in combination with an image-scanning software. Nuclear and cytoplasmic features were registered with the aid of computer-assisted morphometry. Features included shape, texture, colour and colour intensity for different cell compartments, e.g. nuclei and cytoplasm. The software passed several training steps for final validation. Using morphometry, we were able to classify the three renal tumour types correctly, with a 100 % specificity compared to the WHO typing. Nuclear features dominated the typing of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, whereas cytoplasmic features were the leading classificators for renal oncocytoma. The grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma attained a specificity of 80 %. In conclusion, modern morphometry may serve as a tool for typing renal epithelial tumours and additionally draws the attention to future nuclear research in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.
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