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Weston G, Zilanawala A, Webb E, Carvalho L, McMunn A. Work hours, weekend working, nonstandard work schedules and sleep quantity and quality: findings from the UK household longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:309. [PMID: 38281025 PMCID: PMC10821573 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical temporal work patterns such as working longer than the standard 35-40 h/ week, weekend working, and nonstandard work schedules (i.e. outside of the typical 9-5, including but not restricted to shiftwork) are increasingly prevalent in the UK. Aside from occupation-specific studies, little is known about the effects of these atypical temporal work patterns on sleep among workers in the UK, even though poor sleep has been linked to adverse health problems, lower workplace productivity, and economic costs. METHOD We used regression models to investigate associations between three types of atypical temporal work patterns (long and short weekly work hours, weekend working, and nonstandard schedules) and sleep duration and disturbance using data from over 25,000 employed men and women from 2012-2014 and/or 2015-2017 in the UK Household Longitudinal Study, adjusting for potential confounders and psychosocial work factors. RESULTS We found that relative to a standard 35-40 h/week, working 55 h/week or more was related to short sleep (less than 7 h/night) and sleep disturbance. Working most/all weekends compared to non-weekends was associated with short sleep, long sleep (more than 8 h/night), and sleep disturbance, as was working nonstandard schedules relative to standard schedules (fixed day-time schedules). Further analyses suggested some gender differences. CONCLUSIONS These results should prompt employers and policymakers to recognise the need for rest and recovery, consider how the timing and scheduling of work might be improved to better support workers' health and productivity, and consider appropriate compensation for anyone required to work atypical temporal work patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Weston
- ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Afshin Zilanawala
- Department of Social Statistics and Demography, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Elizabeth Webb
- Age UK, 7th Floor, One America Square, 17 Crosswall, London, EC3N 2LB, UK
| | - Livia Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anne McMunn
- ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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2
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Xu R, Lin Y, Zhang B. Relationship among sleep quality, depressed mood, and perceived social support in older adults: A longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/18344909211052658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep quality and perceived social support (PSS) are acknowledged to play indispensable roles in enhancing the adaptation of later life and improving the health condition and well-being of older adults. Both have received widespread attention from researchers. Some researchers have begun focusing on physical factors or health-related behaviors, such as sleep, that have significant effects on PSS. Good sleep quality has been widely established to be significantly associated with a high level of PSS. However, research on the temporal effects of sleep quality on PSS is limited, and the potential health mechanisms of the relationship between sleep quality and PSS in older adults are mixed. This study aims to investigate the temporal relationship between sleep quality and PSS, including the mediating role of depressed mood in the relationship between sleep quality and PSS in older adults. A total of 281 older adults completed the self-reported questionnaires assessing sleep quality, PSS, and depressed mood at three time-points: at intake, a 6-month follow-up, and a 12-month follow-up. Cross-lagged panel analysis using structural equation modeling indicated that sleep quality at Times 1 and 2 positively predicated PSS at Times 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, the longitudinal mediation analysis showed that depressed mood mediated the effect of sleep quality on PSS. The study found that sleep quality influences PSS through depressed mood in older adults, which enriched the theoretical basis of the field. Findings also offer some practical implications. Particularly for community practitioners, the current findings suggest that improving sleep quality can be a strategy for improving psychological health and social functioning (e.g., PSS) in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yao Lin
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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3
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Tucker P, Härmä M, Ojajärvi A, Kivimäki M, Leineweber C, Oksanen T, Salo P, Vahtera J. Association of rotating shift work schedules and the use of prescribed sleep medication: A prospective cohort study. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13349. [PMID: 34128266 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether working rotating shifts, with or without night work, is associated with the purchase of prescribed sleep medication, and whether the association is dependent on age. Data were obtained from a longitudinal cohort study of Finnish public sector employees who responded to questions on work schedule and background characteristics in 2000, 2004 and 2008. The data were linked to national register data on redeemed prescriptions of hypnotic and sedative medications, with up to 11 years of follow-up. Age stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models were computed to examine incident use of medication comparing two groups of rotating shift workers (those working shifts that included night shifts and those whose schedules did not include night shifts) with day workers who worked in a similar range of occupations. Shift work with night shifts was associated with increased use of sleep medication in all age groups, after adjustments for sex, occupational status, marital status, alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity levels (hazard ratio [HR], [95% confidence interval, CI] 1.14 [1.01-1.28] for age group ≤39 years; 1.33 [1.19-1.48] for age group 40-49 years; 1.28 [1.13-1.44] for age group ≥50 years). Shift work without nights was associated with medication use in the two older age groups (HR [95% CI] 1.14 [1.01-1.29] and 1.17 [1.05-1.31] for age groups 40-49 years and >50 years, respectively). These findings suggest that circadian disruption and older age puts rotating shift workers, and especially those who work nights, at increased risk of developing clinically significant levels of sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Tucker
- Psychology Department, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Psychology Department, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Mikko Härmä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.,Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Constanze Leineweber
- Psychology Department, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tuula Oksanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paula Salo
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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4
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Heming M, Xu T, Nyberg A, Magnusson Hanson LL. The relationship between onset of workplace violence and onset of sleep disturbances in the Swedish working population. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13307. [PMID: 33655594 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the association between onset of workplace violence and onset of sleep disturbances. We used self-reported data from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) collected in 2014, 2016, and 2018. A two-wave design was based on participants who had no exposure to workplace violence or sleep disturbances at baseline (n = 6,928). A three-wave design was based on participants who in addition were unexposed to sleep disturbances in the second wave (n = 6,150). Four items of the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire were used to measure sleep disturbances and one question was used to measure the occurrence of workplace violence or threats of violence. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. In the two-wave approach, onset of workplace violence was associated with onset of sleep disturbances after adjustment for sex, age, occupational position, education, and civil status (adjusted odds ratio 1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.96). The association was no longer statistically significant after further adjustment for night/evening work, demands, control, and social support at work. In the three-wave approach, results were only suggestive of an association between onset of workplace violence and subsequent onset of sleep disturbances after adjustment for sex, age, occupational position, education, and civil status. Onset of frequent exposure to workplace violence was associated with subsequent onset of sleep disturbances in the adjusted analyses, but these analyses were based on few individuals (13 exposed versus 5,907 unexposed). The results did not conclusively demonstrate that onset of workplace violence predicts development of sleep disturbances. Further research could elucidate the role of other working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Heming
- Stress Research Institute at Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tianwei Xu
- Stress Research Institute at Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Nyberg
- Stress Research Institute at Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Harknett K, Schneider D, Wolfe R. Losing sleep over work scheduling? The relationship between work schedules and sleep quality for service sector workers. SSM Popul Health 2020; 12:100681. [PMID: 33195791 PMCID: PMC7644775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the retail and food service sectors, work schedules change from day-to-day and week-to-week, often with little advance notice, posing a potential impediment to healthy sleep patterns. In this article, we use data from the Shift Project collected in 2018 and 2019 for a sample of over 16,000 hourly workers employed in the service sector to examine relationships between unstable and unpredictable work schedules and sleep quality. We extend prior research on shift work and sleep disruption, which has often focused on the health care sector, to the retail and food service sector, which comprises nearly 20 percent of jobs in the U.S. We find that the unstable and unpredictable schedules that are typical in the service sector are associated with poor sleep quality, difficulty falling asleep, waking during sleep, and waking up feeling tired. As a benchmark, we compare unstable and unpredictable work schedules with two well-known predictors of sleep quality - having a young child and working the night shift. The strength of the associations between most types of unstable and unpredictable work schedules and sleep quality are stronger than those of having a pre-school aged child or working a regular night shift. Chronic uncertainty about the timing of work shifts appears to have a pernicious influence on sleep quality, and, given its prevalence for low-wage workers, potentially contributes to stark health inequalities by socioeconomic status.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationships between the physical work environment and sleep using a person-centered approach. METHODS A total of 542 Australian employees aged 18 to 60 years completed a survey assessing exposure to physical work environment stressors (eg, noise, poor air quality, and hazardous manual tasks), sleep timing and sleep quality, and relevant covariates. RESULTS Latent class analysis (LCA) revealed three physical work environment classes: Infrequent exposure (51%); Occasional Exposure (31%); and Regular Exposure (18%). LCA also identified four sleep classes: Larks (24%); Typical sleep (43%); Insufficient sleep (20%); and Owls (13%). The Regular Exposure class was significantly associated with the Insufficient Sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 3.15, [1.29, 7.66]) and Owls (OR = 3.47 [1.24, 9.71]) classes. CONCLUSIONS The person-centered approach provides important insights into how unique physical work environment experiences are linked with sleep.
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7
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Brossoit RM, Crain TL, Hammer LB, Lee S, Bodner TE, Buxton OM. Associations among patient care workers’ schedule control, sleep, job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Stress Health 2020; 36:442-456. [PMID: 32181575 PMCID: PMC8919502 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare is the fastest growing occupational sector in America, yet patient care workers experience low job satisfaction, high turnover, and susceptibility to poor sleep compared to workers in other jobs and industries. Increasing schedule control may be one way to help mitigate these issues. Drawing from conservation of resources theory, we evaluate associations among schedule control (i.e. a contextual resource), employee sleep duration and quality (i.e. personal resources), job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Patient care workers who reported having more schedule control at baseline reported greater sleep duration and sleep quality 6 months later, as well as higher job satisfaction and lower turnover intentions 12 months later. Workers who experienced greater sleep sufficiency (i.e. feeling well-rested) reported higher job satisfaction 6 months later, and workers who experienced fewer insomnia symptoms (i.e. trouble falling and staying asleep) reported lower turnover intentions 6 months later. The association between schedule control and job satisfaction was partially mediated by greater sleep sufficiency, though this effect was small. Providing patient care workers with greater control over their work schedules and opportunities for improved sleep may improve their job attitudes. Results were not replicated when different analytical approaches were performed, so findings should be interpreted provisionally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tori L. Crain
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Leslie B. Hammer
- Oregon Institute for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon,Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Soomi Lee
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Todd E. Bodner
- Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Orfeu M. Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,Department of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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8
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Nielsen MB, Harris A, Pallesen S, Einarsen SV. Workplace bullying and sleep – A systematic review and meta-analysis of the research literature. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 51:101289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Nyberg A, Kecklund G, Hanson LM, Rajaleid K. Workplace violence and health in human service industries: a systematic review of prospective and longitudinal studies. Occup Environ Med 2020; 78:69-81. [PMID: 32414952 PMCID: PMC7873420 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide systematically evaluated evidence of prospective associations between exposure to physical, psychological and gender-based violence and health among healthcare, social care and education workers. METHODS The guidelines on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were followed. Medline, Cinahl, Web of Science and PsycInfo were searched for population: human service workers; exposure: workplace violence; and study type: prospective or longitudinal in articles published 1990-August 2019. Quality assessment was performed based on a modified version of the Cochrane's 'Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies'. RESULTS After deduplication, 3566 studies remained, of which 132 articles were selected for full-text screening and 28 were included in the systematic review. A majority of the studies focused on healthcare personnel, were from the Nordic countries and were assessed to have medium quality. Nine of 11 associations between physical violence and poor mental health were statistically significant, and 3 of 4 associations between physical violence and sickness absence. Ten of 13 associations between psychological violence and poor mental health were statistically significant and 6 of 6 associations between psychological violence and sickness absence. The only study on gender-based violence and health reported a statistically non-significant association. CONCLUSION There is consistent evidence mainly in medium quality studies of prospective associations between psychological violence and poor mental health and sickness absence, and between physical violence and poor mental health in human service workers. More research using objective outcomes, improved exposure assessment and that focus on gender-based violence is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nyberg
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Multiple environmental and psychosocial work risk factors and sleep disturbances. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2020; 93:623-633. [PMID: 31955238 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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11
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Magnavita N, Di Stasio E, Capitanelli I, Lops EA, Chirico F, Garbarino S. Sleep Problems and Workplace Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:997. [PMID: 31632231 PMCID: PMC6779772 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out to study the relationship between workplace violence and sleep problems. Methods: The PRISMA statement was used to conduct a systematic search of the literature on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Sociological abstract, DOAJ, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Of the original number of 749 studies, 34 were included in the systematic review, and 7 in the meta-analysis. Results: A total of 119,361 participants from 15 different countries took part in these studies which were published between 1999 and 2019. Significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies (I2 = 96%). In a random-effects meta-analysis model, pooled odds ratio (OR) analysis revealed that there was a direct relationship between occupational exposure to violence and sleep problems (OR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.77–3.66). According to the GRADE guidelines, the quality of evidence of the association was low. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that occupational exposure to physical, verbal, or sexual violence is associated with sleep problems. Further research on the relationship between violence and sleep is needed so that appropriate measures can be taken to prevent violence and improve sleep hygiene in the workplace. Trial Registration Number: PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42019124903) February 9, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Magnavita
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Women/Child & Public Health, Gemelli General Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Women/Child & Public Health, Gemelli General Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Capitanelli
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Alessandra Lops
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Chirico
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Mother and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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12
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Galliker S, Nicoletti C, Feer S, Irene Etzer-Hofer, Brunner B, Grosse Holtforth M, Melloh M, Dratva J, Elfering A. Quality of leadership and presenteeism in health professions education and research: a test of a recovery-based process model with cognitive irritation and impaired sleep as mediators. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2019; 25:239-251. [PMID: 31244323 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2019.1634823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Presenteeism (PRES) includes working while feeling ill and constrained in performance. Compared with absence from work, PRES generates significantly higher cost estimates. Health problems and PRES are related to leadership quality. Hence, research on corporate health management needs to explore why leadership problems (LP) correspond to more frequent PRES.This study tests recovery after work as an underlying process with cognitive irritation (COGIRR) and sleep problems (SP) as simultaneous mediators and explores three mediation pathways (path one: LP→COGIRR→PRES; path two: LP→SP→PRES; and path three: LP→COGIRR→SP→PRES). Out of 293 employees of a university's school of health professions in German-speaking Switzerland, 211 completed a questionnaire. LP and PRES were found to be positively related (r(211) = .22, p < .01). The tests of mediation yielded no significant results for path one and two, but the third mediation path LP→COGIRR→SP→PRES was positive and differed significantly from zero (B = 0.83, CI95 = 0.33 to 1.69). According to our results, a recovery-based mediation model fits the empirical self-report data best. These results suggest that occupational health interventions should improve leadership quality to promote recovery after work in order to increase health and productivity by reduced PRES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Galliker
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Bern, Institute of Psychology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Nicoletti
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Feer
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Irene Etzer-Hofer
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Brunner
- School of Management and Law, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur Institute of Health Economics, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Martin Grosse Holtforth
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Institute of Psychology, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Melloh
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.,Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Julia Dratva
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Achim Elfering
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Bern, Institute of Psychology, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Challenge and hindrance stressors in relation to sleep. Soc Sci Med 2019; 222:145-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Lallukka T, Halonen JI, Sivertsen B, Pentti J, Stenholm S, Virtanen M, Salo P, Oksanen T, Elovainio M, Vahtera J, Kivimäki M. Change in organizational justice as a predictor of insomnia symptoms: longitudinal study analysing observational data as a non-randomized pseudo-trial. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 46:1277-1284. [PMID: 28065888 PMCID: PMC5837615 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite injustice at the workplace being a potential source of sleep problems, longitudinal evidence remains scarce. We examined whether changes in perceived organizational justice predicted changes in insomnia symptoms. Methods Data on 24 287 Finnish public sector employees (82% women), from three consecutive survey waves between 2000 and 2012, were treated as ‘pseudo-trials’. Thus, the analysis of unfavourable changes in organizational justice included participants without insomnia symptoms in Waves 1 and 2, with high organizational justice in Wave 1 and high or low justice in Wave 2 (N = 6307). In the analyses of favourable changes in justice, participants had insomnia symptoms in Waves 1 and 2, low justice in Wave 1 and high or low justice in Wave 2 (N = 2903). In both analyses, the outcome was insomnia symptoms in Wave 3. We used generalized estimating equation models to analyse the data. Results After adjusting for social and health-related covariates in Wave 1, unfavourable changes in relational organizational justice (i.e. fairness of managerial behaviours) were associated with increased odds of developing insomnia symptoms [odds ratio = 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.30]. A favourable change in relational organizational justice was associated with lower odds of persistent insomnia symptoms (odds ratio = 0.83; 95% CI 0.71-0.96). Changes in procedural justice (i.e. the fairness of decision-making procedures) were not associated with insomnia symptoms. Conclusions These data suggest that changes in perceived relational justice may affect employees’ sleep quality. Decreases in the fairness of managerial behaviours were linked to increases in insomnia symptoms, whereas rises in fairness were associated with reduced insomnia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lallukka
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana I Halonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paula Salo
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Oksanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Elovainio
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Health and Social Care Systems, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Turku & Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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15
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Brown CA, Schell J, Pashniak LM. Occupational therapists' experience of workplace fatigue: Issues and action. Work 2018; 57:517-527. [PMID: 28777761 DOI: 10.3233/wor-172576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational therapists (OTs) work in all areas of health and wellbeing. The work is physically and psychologically demanding, but OTs are often not diligent about recognizing and attending to the workplace health and safety issue of fatigue in their own work settings. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to determine current issues and the evidence-base as presented in the literature so as to develop awareness and best practice interventions for fatigue reduction and management in occupational therapists' workplace. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was carried out by the medical librarian on the study team and themes were extracted from the relevant literature by the study team. RESULTS The literature revealed little research directly addressing occupational therapy workplace fatigue and we expanded our review of the evidence-base across all healthcare workers to identify publications of particular relevance to occupational therapists. CONCLUSION This background paper is an important first step to raising awareness among OTs, guide key stakeholders regarding contributing factors to, and consequences of, OTs' workplace fatigue, and set research direction. Knowing which factors influencing workplace fatigue are shared across healthcare professionals and which are unique to OTs can also help organizations develop more tailored workplace fatigue risk reduction programs. This review concludes with a list of existing guidelines and tools for developing workplace fatigue risk assessment and management programs relevant to occupational therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cary A Brown
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Schell
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lisa M Pashniak
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Cheval B, Cullati S, Pihl-Thingvad J, Mongin D, Von Arx M, Chopard P, Courvoisier DS. Impact of CAre-related Regret Upon Sleep (ICARUS) cohort study: protocol of a 3-year multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of novice healthcare professionals. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022172. [PMID: 29588326 PMCID: PMC5875595 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare professionals are particularly at risk of developing numerous physical and psychological health problems. The experiences of emotional burden associated with providing healthcare, notably care-related regret, have been associated with these health problems, but only using cross-sectional data so far. Evidence of a causal impact of regret has not been assessed. The Impact of CAre-related Regret Upon Sleep (ICARUS) study is the first prospective and international cohort study established to examine how newly practising healthcare professionals adapt to their challenging job by assessing the impact of care-related regret on sleep and job quitting. METHOD AND ANALYSIS The ICARUS cohort study will include newly practising healthcare professionals working in acute care hospitals and clinics recruited between May 2017 and November 2019. Data collection, which will begin as soon as the participant starts working with patients, will consist of a 1-year weekly assessment using a secure web survey. Follow-up data will be collected at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after the end of the first year. We will collect detailed information on the experience of care-related regret (ie, highest regret intensity, accumulation of regrets and coping strategies related to regrets), sleep problems and job quitting. Moreover, quality of life, health status and burnout will be assessed during the follow-up. Several confounders factors, including sociodemographic characteristics, personality, night shifts and work environment characteristics, will be assessed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Geneva Canton, Switzerland (CCER2016-02041), the Ethics Committee of London South Bank University (HSCSEP/17/06) and the University Research Ethics Committee of Bedfordshire (UREC106). Other study centres deemed local ethical approval unnecessary since the main ethics committee (Geneva) had already accepted the project. Results will be published in relevant scientific journals and be disseminated in international conferences. Fully anonymised data and questionnaires will be freely accessible to everyone (scientists and general public).
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Cheval
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss NCCR “Lives: Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Denmark
| | - Jesper Pihl-Thingvad
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- National Center of Psychotraumatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Denis Mongin
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martina Von Arx
- Swiss NCCR “Lives: Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Denmark
- Institute of Demography and Socioeconomics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Chopard
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Delphine S Courvoisier
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Organizational justice and insomnia: a prospective cohort study examining insomnia onset and persistence. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2016; 90:133-140. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-016-1183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yang H, Haldeman S, Lu ML, Baker D. Low Back Pain Prevalence and Related Workplace Psychosocial Risk Factors: A Study Using Data From the 2010 National Health Interview Survey. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2016; 39:459-472. [PMID: 27568831 PMCID: PMC5530370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to estimate prevalence of low back pain, to investigate associations between low back pain and a set of emerging workplace risk factors, and to identify worker groups with an increased vulnerability for low back pain in the United States. METHODS The data used for this cross-sectional study came from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey, which was designed to collect data on health conditions and related risk factors from the US civilian population. The variance estimation method was used to compute weighted data for prevalence of low back pain. Multivariable logistic regression analyses stratified by sex and age were performed to determine the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for low back pain. The examined work-related psychosocial risk factors included work-family imbalance, exposure to a hostile work environment, and job insecurity. Work hours, occupation, and other work organizational factors (nonstandard work arrangements and alternative shifts) were also examined. RESULTS The prevalence of self-reported low back pain in the previous 3 months among workers in the United States was 25.7% in 2010. Female or older workers were at increased risk of experiencing low back pain. We found significant associations between low back pain and a set of psychosocial factors, including work-family imbalance (OR 1.27, CI 1.15-1.41), exposure to hostile work (OR 1.39, CI 1.25-1.55), and job insecurity (OR 1.44, CI 1.24-1.67), while controlling for demographic characteristics and other health-related factors. Older workers who had nonstandard work arrangements were more likely to report low back pain. Women who worked 41 to 45 hours per week and younger workers who worked >60 hours per week had an increased risk for low back pain. Workers from several occupation groups, including male health care practitioners, female and younger health care support workers, and female farming, fishing, and forestry workers, had an increased risk of low back pain. CONCLUSIONS This study linked low back pain to work-family imbalance, exposure to a hostile work environment, job insecurity, long work hours, and certain occupation groups. These factors should be considered by employers, policymakers, and health care practitioners who are concerned about the impact of low back pain in workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiou Yang
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA.
| | - Scott Haldeman
- Neurology Department, University of California, Irvine, California; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ming-Lun Lu
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Dean Baker
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA
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Sandberg JC, Nguyen HT, Quandt SA, Chen H, Summers P, Walker FO, Arcury TA. Sleep Quality Among Latino Farmworkers in North Carolina: Examination of the Job Control-Demand-Support Model. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 18:532-541. [PMID: 26143366 PMCID: PMC4710554 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sleep problems are associated with physical and mental health disorders and place individuals at an increased risk of workplace injuries. The demand-control-support model posits that job demands and the capacity to control work processes influence workers' level of distress, thereby affecting their physical and mental health; supervisor support can buffer the negative effect of high demands and low control. Data on the sleep quality and the organization of work of Latino men were collected in agricultural areas in North Carolina in 2012. 147 Mexican-born farmworkers ages 30 and older, most of whom had H-2A visas, provided information about sleep quality and organization of work. Most (83 %) farmworkers reported good sleep quality. The association between working more than 40 h per week and reporting poor sleep quality approached statistical significance. Additional research is needed to understand whether job demands, job control, and social support affect farmworkers' sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne C Sandberg
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1084, USA.
| | - Ha T Nguyen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1084, USA
| | - Sara A Quandt
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Phillip Summers
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1084, USA
| | - Francis O Walker
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Thomas A Arcury
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1084, USA
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Vleeshouwers J, Knardahl S, Christensen JO. Effects of Psychological and Social Work Factors on Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance and Difficulties Initiating Sleep. Sleep 2016; 39:833-46. [PMID: 26446114 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.5638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This prospective cohort study examined previously underexplored relations between psychological/social work factors and troubled sleep in order to provide practical information about specific, modifiable factors at work. METHODS A comprehensive evaluation of a range of psychological/social work factors was obtained by several designs; i.e., cross-sectional analyses at baseline and follow-up, prospective analyses with baseline predictors (T1), prospective analyses with average exposure across waves as predictor ([T1 + T2] / 2), and prospective analyses with change in exposure from baseline to follow-up as predictor. Participants consisted of a sample of Norwegian employees from a broad spectrum of occupations, who completed a questionnaire at two points in time, approximately two years apart. Cross-sectional analyses at T1 comprised 7,459 participants, cross-sectional analyses at T2 included 6,688 participants. Prospective analyses comprised a sample 5,070 of participants who responded at both T1 and T2. Univariable and multivariable ordinal logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS Thirteen psychological/social work factors and two aspects of troubled sleep, namely difficulties initiating sleep and disturbed sleep, were studied. Ordinal logistic regressions revealed statistically significant associations for all psychological and social work factors in at least one of the analyses. Psychological and social work factors predicted sleep problems in the short term as well as the long term. CONCLUSIONS All work factors investigated showed statistically significant associations with both sleep items, however quantitative job demands, decision control, role conflict, and support from superior were the most robust predictors and may therefore be suitable targets of interventions aimed at improving employee sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Vleeshouwers
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, The National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Knardahl
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, The National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Christensen
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, The National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
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Distinct workplace bullying experiences and sleep quality: A person-centred approach. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Andersen LL, Garde AH. Sleep problems and computer use during work and leisure: Cross-sectional study among 7800 adults. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:1367-72. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1095202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Healthcare-Related Regret among Nurses and Physicians Is Associated with Self-Rated Insomnia Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139770. [PMID: 26447692 PMCID: PMC4598038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the association between healthcare-related regrets and sleep difficulties among nurses and physicians, we surveyed 240 nurses and 220 physicians at the University Hospitals of Geneva. Regret intensity and regret coping were measured using validated scales. Sleep difficulties were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and an additional question assessed the frequency of sleeping pill use. After controlling for sex, profession, years of experience, rate of employment, and depression as well as for all other regret-related variables, the following variables remained significantly associated with self-rated severity of insomnia: regret intensity (slope = 1.32, p = 0.007, 95%CI: [0.36; 2.29], std. coefficient = 0.16) and maladaptive (e.g., rumination) emotion-focused coping (slope = 1.57, p = 0.002, 95%CI: [0.60; 2.55], std. coefficient = 0.17) remained significant predictors of self-rated insomnia severity. If these cross-sectional associations represent causal effects, the development of regret-management programs may represent a promising approach to mitigating sleep difficulties of healthcare professionals.
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Linton SJ, Kecklund G, Franklin KA, Leissner LC, Sivertsen B, Lindberg E, Svensson AC, Hansson SO, Sundin Ö, Hetta J, Björkelund C, Hall C. The effect of the work environment on future sleep disturbances: a systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 23:10-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang Y, Punnett L, McEnany GP, Gore R. Contributing influences of work environment on sleep quantity and quality of nursing assistants in long-term care facilities: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2015; 37:13-8. [PMID: 26384714 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The effect of shift work on nurses' sleep is well-studied, but there are other challenging aspects of health care work that might also affect the sleep of direct caregivers. This study examined the influence of the long-term care work environment on sleep quantity and quality of nursing assistants. A cross-sectional survey collected data from 650 nursing assistants in 15 long-term care facilities; 46% reported short sleep duration and 23% reported poor sleep quality. A simple additive index of the number of beneficial work features (up to 7) was constructed for analysis with Poisson regression. With each unit increase of beneficial work features, nursing assistants were 7% less likely to report short sleep duration and 17% less likely to report poor sleep quality. These results suggest that effective workplace interventions should address a variety of work stressors, not only work schedule arrangements, in order to improve nursing assistants' sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 113 Wilder Street, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Work Environment, One University Ave., University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Gore
- Department of Work Environment, One University Ave., University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Psychosocial work factors and sleep problems: findings from the French national SIP survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2015; 89:485-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Miranda H, Gore RJ, Boyer J, Nobrega S, Punnett L. Health Behaviors and Overweight in Nursing Home Employees: Contribution of Workplace Stressors and Implications for Worksite Health Promotion. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:915359. [PMID: 26380373 PMCID: PMC4561990 DOI: 10.1155/2015/915359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many worksite health promotion programs ignore the potential influence of working conditions on unhealthy behaviors. METHODS A study of nursing home employees (56% nursing aides) utilized a standardized questionnaire. We analyzed the cross-sectional associations between workplace stressors and obesity, cigarette smoking, and physical inactivity. RESULTS Of 1506 respondents, 20% reported exposure to three or more workplace stressors (physical or organizational), such as lifting heavy loads, low decision latitude, low coworker support, regular night work, and physical assault. For each outcome, the prevalence ratio was between 1.5 and 2 for respondents with four or five job stressors. Individuals under age 40 had stronger associations between workplace stressors and smoking and obesity. CONCLUSIONS Workplace stressors were strongly associated with smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity, even among the lowest-status workers. Current working conditions affected younger workers more than older workers. Although this study is cross-sectional, it has other strengths, including the broad range of work stressors studied. Strenuous physical work and psychosocial strain are common among low-wage workers such as nursing home aides. Workplace health promotion programs may be more effective if they include measures to reduce stressful work environment features, so that working conditions support rather than interfere with employee health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Miranda
- Department of Work Environment & Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Rebecca J. Gore
- Department of Work Environment & Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Jon Boyer
- Department of Work Environment & Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Suzanne Nobrega
- Department of Work Environment & Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Work Environment & Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (CPH-NEW), University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Bullying as a risk for poor sleep quality among high school students in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121602. [PMID: 25811479 PMCID: PMC4374746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether involvement in bullying as a bully, victim, or bully-victim was associated with a higher risk of poor sleep quality among high school students in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 23,877 high school students were surveyed in six cities in Guangdong Province. All students were asked to complete the adolescent health status questionnaire, which included the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and bullying involvement. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate sleep quality and the prevalence of school bullying. Multi-level logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between being victimized and bullying others with sleep quality. Results Among the 23,877 students, 6,127 (25.66%) reported having poor sleep quality, and 10.89% reported being involved in bullying behaviors. Of the respondents, 1,410 (5.91%) were pure victims of bullying, 401 (1.68%) were bullies and 784 (3.28%) were bully-victims. Frequently being involved in bullying behaviors (being bullied or bullying others) was related to increased risks of poor sleep quality compared with adolescents who were not involved in bullying behaviors. After adjusting for age, sex, and other confounding factors, the students who were being bullied (OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.81-2.32), bullied others (OR=2.30, 95%CI=1.85-2.86) or both (OR=2.58, 95%CI=2.20-3.03) were at a higher risk for poor sleep quality. Conclusions Poor sleep quality among high school students is highly prevalent, and school bullying is prevalent among adolescents in China. The present results suggested that being involved in school bullying might be a risk factor for poor sleep quality among adolescents.
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Prevalence and predictors of sleep disturbance among liver diseases in long-term transplant survivors. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 29:440-4. [PMID: 26176212 PMCID: PMC4699607 DOI: 10.1155/2015/359640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cirrhosis are known to experience sleep disturbance, which negatively impacts health-related quality of life. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and predictors of sleep disturbance before and after liver transplantation (LT). METHODS Both pre- and post-LT patients were administered the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire. The primary outcome was overall sleep satisfaction; the secondary outcomes were sleep latency and sleep duration. RESULTS Eighty-three patients participated pre-LT and 273 post-LT. Overall, participants having completed both pre- and post-LT questionnaires reported satisfactory sleep 61% of the time before LT and 65% of the time after LT. However, on review of all questionnaires, patients with alcoholic liver disease (ETOH) experienced dramatically less sleep disturbance (OR 0.13 [95% CI 0.03 to 0.60]) post-LT, whereas those with hepatitis C remained without improvement (OR 0.90 [95% CI [0.38 to 2.15]). On logistic regression, patients with ETOH had statistically less sleep satisfaction pre-LT (OR 5.8 [95% CI 1.0 to 40.5]) and significantly better sleep satisfaction post-LT (OR 0.50 [95% CI 0.20 to 1.00]) compared with those with hepatitis C. In addition, both ETOH and other conditions had significantly better sleep latency than hepatitis C patients. CONCLUSIONS Sleep parameters for patients who undergo LT for hepatitis C do not improve following LT as much as they do in patients transplanted for ETOH. Following LT, patients transplanted for ETOH are significantly more satisfied with their sleep than those transplanted for hepatitis C. Physicians should address and manage sleep quality after LT, so as to ultimately improve quality of life.
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Lunde LK, Koch M, Knardahl S, Wærsted M, Mathiassen SE, Forsman M, Holtermann A, Veiersted KB. Musculoskeletal health and work ability in physically demanding occupations: study protocol for a prospective field study on construction and health care workers. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1075. [PMID: 25318646 PMCID: PMC4203897 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders have a profound impact on individual health, sickness absence and early retirement, particularly in physically demanding occupations. Demographics are changing in the developed countries, towards increasing proportions of senior workers. These senior workers may have particular difficulties coping with physically demanding occupations while maintaining good health. Previous studies investigating the relationship between physical work demands and musculoskeletal disorders are mainly based on self-reported exposures and lack a prospective design. The aim of this paper is to describe the background and methods and discuss challenges for a field study examining physical demands in construction and health care work and their prospective associations with musculoskeletal disorders, work ability and sickness absence. METHODS AND DESIGN This protocol describes a prospective cohort study on 1200 construction and health care workers. Participants will answer a baseline questionnaire concerning musculoskeletal complaints, general health, psychosocial and organizational factors at work, work demands, work ability and physical activity during leisure. A shorter questionnaire will be answered every 6th months for a total of two years, together with continuous sickness absence monitoring during this period. Analysis will prospectively consider associations between self-reported physical demands and musculoskeletal disorders, work ability and sickness absence. To obtain objective data on physical exposures, technical measurements will be collected from two subgroups of N = 300 (Group A) and N = 160 (Group B) during work and leisure. Both group A and B will be given a physical health examination, be tested for physical capacity and physical activity will be measured for four days. Additionally, muscle activity, ground reaction force, body positions and physical activity will be examined during one workday for Group B. Analysis of associations between objectively measured exposure data and the outcomes described above will be done separately for these subpopulations. DISCUSSION The field study will at baseline produce objectively measured data on physical demands in the construction and health care occupations. In combination with clinical measurements and questionnaire data during follow-up, this will provide a solid foundation to prospectively investigate relationships between physical demands at work and development of musculoskeletal disorders, work ability and sickness absence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaj Bo Veiersted
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gydas vei 8, 0336 Oslo, Norway.
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Psychological and social work factors as predictors of mental distress: a prospective study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102514. [PMID: 25048033 PMCID: PMC4105444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies exploring psychological and social work factors in relation to mental health problems (anxiety and depression) have mainly focused on a limited set of exposures. The current study investigated prospectively a broad set of specific psychological and social work factors as predictors of potentially clinically relevant mental distress (anxiety and depression), i.e. “caseness” level of distress. Employees were recruited from 48 Norwegian organizations, representing a wide variety of job types. A total of 3644 employees responded at both baseline and at follow-up two years later. Respondents were distributed across 832 departments within the 48 organizations. Nineteen work factors were measured. Two prospective designs were tested: (i) with baseline predictors and (ii) with average exposure over time ([T1+T2]/2) as predictors. Random intercept logistic regressions were conducted to account for clustering of the data. Baseline “cases” were excluded (n = 432). Age, sex, skill level, and mental distress as a continuous variable at T1 were adjusted for. Fourteen of 19 factors showed some prospective association with mental distress. The most consistent risk factor was role conflict (highest odds ratio [OR] 2.08, 99% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45–3.00). The most consistent protective factors were support from immediate superior (lowest OR 0.56, 99% CI: 0.43–0.72), fair leadership (lowest OR 0.52, 99% CI: 0.40–0.68), and positive challenge (lowest OR 0.60, 99% CI: 0.41–0.86). The present study demonstrated that a broad set of psychological and social work factors predicted mental distress of potential clinical relevance. Some of the most consistent predictors were different from those traditionally studied. This highlights the importance of expanding the range of factors beyond commonly studied concepts like the demand-control model and the effort-reward imbalance model.
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Lu ML, Nakata A, Park JB, Swanson NG. Workplace psychosocial factors associated with work-related injury absence: a study from a nationally representative sample of Korean workers. Int J Behav Med 2014; 21:42-52. [PMID: 23794229 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-013-9325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between psychosocial factors and injury absence in the workplace. PURPOSE This study aims to assess the association of comprehensive workplace psychosocial factors with work-related injury absence among Korean workers. METHODS The data (n = 7,856) were derived from the First Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2006 with a representative sample (n = 10,043) of the Korean working population. The survey instrument contained questions about hours of work, physical risk factors, work organization, and the effect of work on health/injury. Work-related injury absence was indicated by a dichotomous variable with at least 1 day absence during the preceding 12 months. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratio and confidence interval (CI). Incremental adjustments for sociodemographic, health behavior, and occupational confounding variables were employed in the models. RESULTS The overall 1-year prevalence of work-related injury absence in this study was 1.37 % (95 % CI, 1.11-1.63 %). Those who experienced violence at work (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 7.05 (95 % CI, 2.69-18.5)), threat of violence at work (aOR, 4.25 (95 % CI, 1.32-13.64)), low job autonomy (aOR, 1.79 (95 % CI, 1.17-2.74)), and high job strain (aOR, 2.38 (95 % CI, 1.29-4.42) had an increased risk of injury absence, compared with their respective counterparts (p < 0.05). Among all job types, skilled workers in Korea were at a near fourfold risk of work absence due to occupational injuries, compared with managers in low-risk jobs. CONCLUSION Workplace violence and increased job strain were two key workplace psychosocial factors associated with work-related injury absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lun Lu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Ljoså CH, Tyssen R, Lau B. Perceived mastery of work among shift workers in the Norwegian offshore petroleum industry. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2013; 51:145-53. [PMID: 23095327 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2012-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated associations between individual and work-related factors and perceived mastery of work among offshore shift workers. 2,406 employees of a Norwegian petroleum company were invited to participate. A web-based survey was used and 1336 completed questionnaires were returned (56%). Mastery of work was assessed using QPS Nordic Mastery Scale and the results were compared with a sample from the QPS Nordic study. Individual factors adjusted for were age, gender, marital status and personality. The following work-related factors were included: demands, control, support, night work and shift work home interference. Female offshore shift workers reported higher levels of perceived mastery of work compared with women in the comparison sample. The following variables were independently associated with perceived mastery of work: female gender (β=0.10, p=0.008), decisional demands (β=0.13, p<0.001), control (β=0.05, p=0.009), social support (β=0.07, p<0.001), shift-work locus of control (β=0.04, p=0.005) and neuroticism (β=-0.29, p<0.001). Post hoc analyses showed no sex differences in perceived mastery in two separate work positions on the platforms. Work-related variables and personality explained 55% and 45% respectively of the total variance (R(2)=0.22) explained by the final model. Female petroleum offshore workers reported somewhat higher levels of mastery of work than their male colleagues, however, this may be due to different work positions. Work-related factors accounted for about half of the explained variance and decisional demands, control and support remained statistically significant after controlling for personality.
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Park JB, Nakata A, Swanson NG, Chun H. Organizational factors associated with work-related sleep problems in a nationally representative sample of Korean workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2012; 86:211-22. [PMID: 22426500 PMCID: PMC3555344 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-012-0759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the association of organizational factors with work-related sleep problems (WRSP) among Korean workers. Methods The data were derived from the First Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2006 with a representative sample of the Korean working population (n = 10,039). Results The overall prevalence of WRSP was 5.1 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.7–5.5). Those who experienced sexual harassment at work (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.47: 95 % CI 1.77–6.81), discrimination due to sex (aOR 2.44: 95 % CI 1.36–4.36) or age (aOR 2.22: 95 % CI 1.52–3.23), violence at work (aOR 1.98: 95 % CI 1.06–3.68), threat of violence (aOR 1.96: 95 % CI 1.05–3.66), poor work-life balance (aOR 1.78: 95 % CI 1.44–2.20), low job satisfaction (aOR 1.69: 95 % CI 1.37–2.09), high cognitive (OR 1.64: 95 % CI 1.32–2.03) and emotional (aOR 1.53: 95 % CI 1.22–1.91) demands, job insecurity (aOR 1.32: 95 % CI 1.07–1.63), and high work intensity (aOR 1.55: 95 % CI: 95 % CI 1.25–1.92) had an increased risk of WRSP compared to their respective counterparts (p < 0.01). Low social support was not significantly associated with WRSP (aOR 0.88: 95 % CI 0.67–1.15). Conclusion The results revealed that poor psychosocial working conditions may be related to a high prevalence of WRSP among representative Korean workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Bum Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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Lallukka T, Haaramo P, Lahelma E, Rahkonen O. Sleep problems and disability retirement: a register-based follow-up study. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 173:871-81. [PMID: 21415034 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among aging employees, sleep problems are prevalent, but they may have serious consequences that are poorly understood. This study examined whether sleep problems are associated with subsequent disability retirement. Baseline questionnaire survey data collected in 2000-2002 among employees of the city of Helsinki, Finland, were linked with register data on disability retirement diagnoses by the end of 2008 (n = 457) for those with written consent for such linkages (74%; N = 5,986). Sleep problems were measured by the Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for disability retirement. Gender- and age-adjusted frequent sleep problems predicted disability retirement due to all causes (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.26, 4.60), mental disorders (HR = 9.06, 95% CI: 3.27, 25.10), and musculoskeletal disorders (HR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.91, 5.61). Adjustments for confounders, that is, baseline sociodemographic factors, work arrangements, psychosocial working conditions, and sleep duration, had negligible effects on these associations, whereas baseline physical working conditions and health attenuated the associations. Health behaviors and obesity did not mediate the examined associations. In conclusion, sleep problems are associated with subsequent disability retirement. To prevent early exit from work, sleep problems among aging employees need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172),Helsinki, Finland FIN-00014.
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Lallukka T, Rahkonen O, Lahelma E, Arber S. Sleep complaints in middle-aged women and men: the contribution of working conditions and work-family conflicts. J Sleep Res 2010; 19:466-77. [PMID: 20408929 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00821.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine how physical working conditions, psychosocial working conditions and work-family conflicts are associated with sleep complaints, and whether health behaviours explain these associations. We used pooled postal questionnaire surveys collected in 2001-2002 among 40-60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki (n = 5819, response rate 66%). Participants were classified as having sleep complaints if they reported sleep complaints at least once a week on average (24% of women and 20% of men). Independent variables included environmental work exposures, physical workload, computer work, Karasek's job strain and work-family conflicts. Age, marital status, occupational class, work arrangements, health behaviours and obesity were adjusted for. Most working conditions were associated strongly with sleep complaints after adjustment for age only. After adjustment for work-family conflicts, the associations somewhat attenuated. Work-family conflicts were also associated strongly with women's [odds ratio (OR) 5.90; confidence interval (CI) 4.16-8.38] and men's sleep (OR 2.56; CI 1.34-4.87). The associations remained robust even after controlling for unhealthy behaviours, obesity, health status, depression and medications. Physically strenuous working conditions, psychosocial job strain and work-family conflicts may increase sleep complaints. Efforts to support employees to cope with psychosocial stress and reach a better balance between paid work and family life might reduce sleep complaints. Sleep complaints need to be taken into account in worksite health promotion and occupational health care in order to reduce the burden of poor sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Ota A, Masue T, Yasuda N, Tsutsumi A, Mino Y, Ohara H, Ono Y. Psychosocial job characteristics and insomnia: A prospective cohort study using the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) and Effort–Reward Imbalance (ERI) job stress models. Sleep Med 2009; 10:1112-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2008] [Revised: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Niedhammer I, David S, Degioanni S, Drummond A, Philip P, Acquarone D, Aicardi F, André-Mazeaud P, Arsento M, Astier R, Baille H, Bajon-Thery F, Barre E, Basire C, Battu JL, Baudry S, Beatini C, Beaud'huin N, Becker C, Bellezza D, Beque C, Bernstein O, Beyssier C, Blanc-Cascio F, Blanchet N, Blondel C, Boisselot R, Bordes-Dupuy G, Borrelly N, Bouhnik D, Boulanger MF, Boulard J, Borreau P, Bourret D, Boustière AM, Breton C, Bugeon G, Buono-Michel M, Canonne JF, Capella D, Cavin-Rey M, Cervoni C, Charreton D, Charrier D, Chauvin MA, Chazal B, Cougnot C, Cuvelier G, Dalivoust G, Daumas R, Debaille A, De Bretteville L, Delaforge G, Delchambre A, Domeny L, Donati Y, Ducord-Chapelet J, Duran C, Durand-Bruguerolle D, Fabre D, Faivre A, Falleri R, Ferrando G, Ferrari-Galano J, Flutet M, Fouché JP, Fournier F, Freyder E, Galy M, Garcia A, Gazazian G, Gérard C, Girard F, Giuge M, Goyer C, Gravier C, Guyomard A, Hacquin MC, Halimi E, Ibagnes T, Icart P, Jacquin MC, Jaubert B, Joret JP, Julien JP, Kacel M, Kesmedjian E, Lacroix P, Lafon-Borelli M, Lallai S, Laudicina J, Leclercq X, Ledieu S, Leroy J, Leroyer L, Loesche F, Londi D, Longueville JM, Lotte MC, Louvain S, Lozé M, Maculet-Simon M, Magallon G, Marcelot V, Mareel MC, Martin P, Masse AM, Méric M, Milliet C, Mokhtari R, Monville AM, Muller B, Obadia G, Pelser M, Peres L, Perez E, Peyron M, Peyronnin F, Postel S, Presseq P, Pyronnet E, Quinsat C, Raulot-Lapointe H, Rigaud P, Robert F, Robert O, Roger K, Roussel A, Roux JP, Rubini-Remigy D, Sabate N, Saccomano-Pertus C, Salengro B, Salengro-Trouillez P, Samson E, Sendra-Gille L, Seyrig C, Stoll G, Tarpinian N, Tavernier M, Tempesta S, Terracol H, Torresani F, Triglia MF, Vandomme V, Vieillard F, Vilmot K, Vital N. Workplace bullying and sleep disturbances: findings from a large scale cross-sectional survey in the French working population. Sleep 2009; 32:1211-9. [PMID: 19750926 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/32.9.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between workplace bullying, the characteristics of workplace bullying, and sleep disturbances in a large sample of employees of the French working population. DESIGN Workplace bullying, evaluated using the validated instrument developed by Leymann, and sleep disturbances, as well as covariates, were measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Covariates included age, marital status, presence of children, education, occupation, working hours, night work, physical and chemical exposures at work, self-reported health, and depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis and was carried out separately for men and women. SETTING General working population. PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of a random sample of 3132 men and 4562 women of the working population in the southeast of France. RESULTS Workplace bullying was strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Past exposure to bullying also increased the risk for this outcome. The more frequent the exposure to bullying, the higher the risk of experiencing sleep disturbances. Observing someone else being bullied in the workplace was also associated with the outcome. Adjustment for covariates did not modify the results. Additional adjustment for self-reported health and depressive symptoms diminished the magnitude of the associations that remained significant. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of workplace bullying (around 10%) was found to be high in this study as well was the impact of this major job-related stressor on sleep disturbances. Although no conclusion about causality could be drawn from this cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that the contribution of workplace bullying to the burden of sleep disturbances may be substantial.
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Rocha MCPD, Martino MMFD. Estresse e qualidade do sono entre enfermeiros que utilizam medicamentos para dormir. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-21002009000500010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVOS: Identificar os níveis de estresse, analisar a utilização de medicamentos para dormir e correlacionar níveis de estresse, qualidade do sono e uso de medicamentos. MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e comparativo, realizado com 203 enfermeiros de uma instituição hospitalar da cidade de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. Foi utilizado um questionário de identificação, Escala Bianchi de Stress modificada (EBSm) e o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh. RESULTADOS: Dentre 203 enfermeiros, 17,7% utilizavam medicamentos para dormir. Dos enfermeiros que utilizaram medicamentos para dormir 48,6% demonstraram estado de alerta e alto nível de estresse (p = 0, 016) e apresentaram na sua totalidade (n=36) uma qualidade de sono ruim. CONCLUSÃO: Os enfermeiros que utilizaram medicamentos para dormir apresentaram níveis de estresse mais elevados e prejuízos que comprometem a qualidade do sono.
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Munir F, Nielsen K. Does self-efficacy mediate the relationship between transformational leadership behaviours and healthcare workers’ sleep quality? A longitudinal study. J Adv Nurs 2009; 65:1833-43. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05039.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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