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Sari M, Unver B, Kilinc HE, Tunc AR, Bek N. Effects of computer use on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders and function in academicians. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38766735 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2024.2349408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the effects of academician's demographic characteristics and computer usage habits on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and function. Methods. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 100 academicians. Data were collected using questionnaires, which included the patient-rated wrist evaluation questionnaire - Turkish version (PRWE-T), the Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire - Turkish version (CMDQ-T), the upper extremity functional index - Turkish version (UEFI-T), demographic characteristics and average daily computer usage time. Results. A low-level significant correlation was found between the age of the individuals and the CMDQ-T forearm (p = 0.044; r = 0.202) and CMDQ-T wrist (p = 0.001; r = 0.337) scores. Women had higher CMDQ-T neck scores and lower UEFI-T scores than men (p < 0.05). Academicians who used computers for 6 h a day or more had higher PRWE-T and CMDQ-T neck, shoulder, upper arm and forearm scores, and had a lower UEFI-T score (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Neck, shoulder, upper arm and forearm symptoms were higher and upper extremity function was impaired in academicians who used computers for 6 h a day or more. Besides, gender and age were associated with upper limb MSDs and function, but occupation duration did not affect those outcomes in academicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sari
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
| | - Banu Unver
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
| | - Hasan Erkan Kilinc
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Faculty, Hacettepe University, Turkey
| | - Azize Reda Tunc
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Bek
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey
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Lindegård A, Grimby-Ekman A, Wahlström J, Gustafsson E. Can biofeedback training in combination with ergonomic information reduce pain among young adult computer users with neck and upper extremity symptoms? - A randomized controlled intervention study. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 114:104155. [PMID: 37883913 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this randomized controlled study was to explore if an intervention with biofeedback training in combination with ergonomic discussions, could improve working technique and work postures, and reduce pain intensity and perceived exertion in young adult computer users with ongoing neck and upper extremity symptoms. 39 participants were divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention consisted of 4 sessions during a three-month period. Working technique, working postures, rated perceived exertion, pain intensity, and duration of computer use were measured at baseline and follow ups after 6 and 12 months. The intervention did not significantly improve working technique and working postures, nor reduce pain intensity and perceived exertion in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, there was a statistically significant reduction in reported pain intensity in the neck/shoulder for the whole group. Also, there was a trend that time spent with computer work without breaks was more reduced in the intervention group than in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lindegård
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - A Grimby-Ekman
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Wahlström
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - E Gustafsson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Cepková A, Zemková E, Šooš Ľ, Uvaček M, Muyor JM. Sedentary lifestyle of university students is detrimental to the thoracic spine in men and to the lumbar spine in women. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288553. [PMID: 38051703 PMCID: PMC10697567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitting for long periods of time and lack of physical activity in young adults can cause postural deterioration leading to rapid onset of fatigue and increase the risk of back pain. We were interested in whether there are gender differences in spinal curvature among university students with a predominantly sedentary lifestyle. METHODS 20 sedentary female (age 20 ± 0.73 years) and 39 sedentary male university students (age 20 ± 1.08 years) participated in this study. Their thoracic and lumbar curvatures were assessed while standing and sitting using a Spinal Mouse. RESULTS In standing, 80.0% of the females and 69.2% of the males had a neutral position of the thoracic spine (33.25° and 35.33°, respectively). However, more males, 30.8%, than females, 10.0%, had hyperkyphosis (54.27° and 47.0°, respectively). Hypokyphosis was found in 10.0% of the females (18.50°) and none in the males. Similarly, 90.0% of the females and 97.4% of the males had neutral position of the lumbar spine (-33.11° and -29.76°, respectively). Increased hyperlordosis was found in 10.0% of the females and 2.6% of the males (-41.0° and -50.0°, respectively). Hypolordosis was not detected in either females or males. In sitting, on the other hand, 70.0% of the females and only 33.3% of the males had a neutral position of the thoracic spine (30.20° and 30.62°, respectively). Increased hyperkyphosis was found in 46.2% of the males (59.76°) and none of the females. 30.0% of the females and 23.1% of the males had light hypokyphosis (47.50° and 46.67°, respectively). Similarly, 70.0% of the females and only 38.5% of the males had a neutral position of the lumbar spine (7.0° and 6.6°, respectively). 35.9% of the males and only 5.0% of the females had a light hypokyphosis (16.14° and 16.0°, respectively). Slightly increased hyperkyphosis was identified in 25.6% of the males and 25.0% of the females (23.9° and 22.5°, respectively). CONCLUSION There are significant gender differences in spinal curvature. While in the thoracic spine it was to the detriment of the males when both standing and sitting, in the lumbar spine it is related to the females only when standing. It is therefore necessary to eliminate these spinal deviations in young adults induced by prolonged sitting during university courses by appropriate recovery modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Cepková
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Erika Zemková
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Ľubomír Šooš
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marián Uvaček
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - José M. Muyor
- Health Research Centre, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Bezzina A, Austin E, Nguyen H, James C. Workplace Psychosocial Factors and Their Association With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. Workplace Health Saf 2023; 71:578-588. [PMID: 37698343 PMCID: PMC10676046 DOI: 10.1177/21650799231193578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review examines literature regarding the relationship between workplace psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of work disability, resulting in billions of dollars of financial losses. Evidence suggests that workplace psychosocial factors can lead to the development and progression of MSDs. A data search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) from August 2009 to May 2020 inclusive. Other eligibility criteria included studies published in English, conducted on adults within a workplace setting, conducted in developed economies, and were stability-control longitudinal observational studies. Studies were independently screened for eligibility, using COVIDENCE (software for managing and streamlining systematic reviews) and assessed for quality by multiple authors, using the JBI Evidence synthesis tool. From 6,812 studies, 47 articles were included in the final analysis. The most common MSDs investigated were lower back pain, neck and shoulder pain, and upper extremity symptoms and disorders. Included articles identified that psychosocial workplace factors of support, collaboration, job control, and job demands were statistically significantly associated with risk and progression of MSDs. Review of the articles included in this article supports the theory that MSDs have a multifactorial, complex etiology that includes psychosocial factors. Interventions to enhance psychosocial work environment provide opportunities to reduce the risk of MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Bezzina
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle
- Centre for Resources Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Medicine, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle
| | - Emma Austin
- Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services, Hunter New England Local Health District, NSW Health
| | - Ha Nguyen
- Centre for Work Health and Safety, Department of Customer Service, NSW
| | - Carole James
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney
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Mazaheri-Tehrani S, Arefian M, Abhari AP, Riahi R, Vahdatpour B, Baradaran Mahdavi S, Kelishadi R. Sedentary behavior and neck pain in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med 2023; 175:107711. [PMID: 37775083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyle is an imperative risk for musculoskeletal pain. We sought to investigate the association between different types of sedentary behaviors (SBs) and neck pain (NP) among adults. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to the end of April 2023. The odds ratio (95% CI) was considered as the desired effect size for the association between SBs and the NP. Among 1881 records found by primary search, 46, and 27 reports were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis respectively. All included studies qualified as good or fair. Our results indicated that SB is a risk factor for NP among adults (OR = 1.5, [1.29, 1.76]). Computer and mobile phone use were also found to be considerable risk factors for NP (OR = 1.3, [1.12, 1.53], and OR = 2.11, [1.32, 3.42] respectively). However, sitting time showed an insignificant association with NP (OR = 1.33, [0.86, 2.07]). Subgroup analysis revealed that SBs are a significant risk factor for NP among university students (OR = 1.58, [1.27, 1.97]), but the association among office workers was marginally insignificant (OR = 1.36, [0.98, 1.89]). According to the meta-regression results, the male gender was found to increase the risk of NP. Meanwhile, Egger's test revealed the presence of publication bias (p-value <0.0001). A sedentary lifestyle as well as computer and mobile phone use is associated with a considerable risk of NP among adults, especially university students. Further, longitudinal studies are needed to better clarify the causality relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Mazaheri-Tehrani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Arefian
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Parsa Abhari
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Riahi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Babak Vahdatpour
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Baradaran Mahdavi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Alshehre YM, Pakkir Mohamed SH, Nambi G, Almutairi SM, Alharazi AA. Effectiveness of Physical Exercise on Pain, Disability, Job Stress, and Quality of Life in Office Workers with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2286. [PMID: 37628484 PMCID: PMC10454597 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neck pain is a widespread medical condition among office workers worldwide. This study aimed to compare physical exercises, including basic body awareness, neck-specific training exercises and ergonomic modifications, and ergonomic modifications alone in the management of chronic non-specific neck pain (NSNP) among office workers. Sixty participants were randomly allocated to an experimental group (physical exercises and ergonomic modifications) or a control group (ergonomic modifications) and received the intervention two times a week for eight weeks. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index, Health and Safety Stress Tool, and Short Form Health Survey-36 were used to measure pain, disability, job stress, and quality of life at baseline, and at weeks 4 and 8 of the study period. A repeated measure ANOVA was used to determine the within-group significant differences and an independent t-test was utilized to compare group differences. The baseline data of the experimental and control groups showed no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05). The 2 × 3 mixed models ANOVA showed a significant difference in pain intensity (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.042), functional disability (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.052), work-related stress (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.036), and QoL (p = 0.012, ηp2 = 0.025). Four weeks post-intervention, the experimental group showed significant changes in primary (pain intensity and disability) (1.9; 95% confidence interval 1.65-2.14) and secondary (quality of life and work-related stress) outcomes (p < 0.001). The same gradual improvement in these variables was observed in the 8-week follow-up (p < 0.001). There was a significant improvement in clinical outcomes following the application of physical exercises with ergonomic modifications for chronic NSNP among office workers. This is significant for office workers because it suggests the importance of incorporating physical exercises into their daily routine and making ergonomic changes to their workspaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef M. Alshehre
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia (A.A.A.)
| | - Shahul Hameed Pakkir Mohamed
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia (A.A.A.)
| | - Gopal Nambi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sattam M. Almutairi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Alharazi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia (A.A.A.)
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Hegmann KT, Thiese MS, Wood EM, Kapellusch J, Foster JC, Drury DL, Kendall R, Merryweather AS. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Predict the Development and Numbers of Common Musculoskeletal Disorders in a Prospective Cohort. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e527-e533. [PMID: 37264528 PMCID: PMC10417266 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess risk of common musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) based on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores. METHODS Data from a 9-year prospective cohort of 1224 workers in three states were analyzed. Baseline data included questionnaires, structured interviews, physical examinations, anthropometric measurements, nerve conduction studies, and individualized measurement of job physical factors. Monthly follow-ups were conducted. Framingham risk scores were calculated. A priori case definitions were constructed for carpal tunnel syndrome, lateral epicondylopathy, medial epicondylopathy, and rotator cuff tendinopathy. RESULTS Adjusted RRs for one or more MSDs increased to 3.90 (95% confidence interval, 2.20-6.90) among those with 10-year cardiovascular disease risk scores greater than 15% and 17.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.85-78.62) among those with more than 4 disorders. CONCLUSIONS Cardiovascular disease factors are strongly associated with the subsequent development of common MSDs. Risks among those with multiple MSDs are considerably stronger.
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de Miranda CB, Silva-Junior JS, Garcia KKS, de Sousa FNEF, Fischer FM. Vocational Rehabilitation and Length of Stay at Work after Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Longitudinal Study in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2334. [PMID: 36767703 PMCID: PMC9915422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vocational rehabilitation is an intervention to enhance the return to work and improve quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate sociodemographic and occupational factors associated with the length of stay at work among workers with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) who had undergone rehabilitation through the Brazilian public social security system. This was a longitudinal study among 680 workers with histories of disability due to WRMDs who returned to the formal job market after vocational rehabilitation between 2014 and 2018. Survival analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing permanence in work. Job dismissal occurred for 29.26% of the workers. The average duration of employment after returning to the formal job position was 56 months. The following factors were associated with shorter length of employment: living in the southeastern region (HR: 2.78; 95% CI 1.12-6.91) or southern region (HR: 2.68; 95% CI 1.04-6.90) of Brazil; working in transportation, storage or postal services (HR: 2.57; 95% CI 1.07-6.17); or working in financial activities, insurance or related services (HR: 2.70; 95% CI 1.05-6.89). These findings may contribute to the discussion about prevention of disability and interventions to ensure health care for workers with WRMD disabilities who undergo rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Barreto de Miranda
- Department of Environmental Health and Graduate Program in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - João Silvestre Silva-Junior
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Occupational Medicine and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of São Palo Medicine School (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Klauss Kleydmann Sabino Garcia
- General Coordinator of Occupational Health, Ministry of Health, Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia Nogueira e Ferreira de Sousa
- General Coordinator of Occupational Health, Ministry of Health, Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Frida Marina Fischer
- Department of Environmental Health and Graduate Program in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
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Van Eerd D, Irvin E, Le Pouésard M, Butt A, Nasir K. Workplace Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevention Practices and Experiences. INQUIRY: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION, AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221092132. [PMID: 35603566 PMCID: PMC9134435 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221092132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) remain a
substantial burden to society and to workplaces worldwide. Evidence-based
practice approaches may be helpful; however, current research evidence is not
consistently strong. Workplaces must address MSD regardless of the state of the
research evidence. The study objective was to describe workplace MSD prevention
practices experiences and perspectives of workers, managers, and occupational
health and safety practitioners. Methods. This descriptive
study used a convenience sample from Newfoundland and Labrador workplaces. Data
were collected via survey and interviews. The survey data was analyzed using
descriptive statistics and the interview data was analyzed using thematic
analysis. Results. Results were examined from 645 survey
respondents and 17 interviewees. Survey findings revealed that about half of
respondents reported MSD policies existed in their workplace. Many MSD practices
(such as ergonomics and force reduction) were considered available by most
respondents. Over fifty percent of respondents received some training on MSD.
The person most often endorsed as responsible to support workers with MSD was a
manager. Interview findings showed that MSD prevention practices related to
awareness, training, and hazard reduction are considered important and
effective. Facilitators of MSD prevention include practices that are proactive
and customized and increase knowledge about MSD prevention. Barriers concerning
lack of resources and poor implementation were consistently mentioned.
Conclusions. Evidence from current practices may help
workplaces reduce MSD burden. However, with only about fifty percent of
respondents reporting that MSD policies exist in the workplace, further work to
address MSD is required. Future research should examine workplace practices as
an important source of evidence. OHS professionals can use the study findings
and adapt it to their context(s) to guide their design and implementation of MSD
prevention practices. Improved MSD prevention practices and interventions can
lead to decreases in MSD in workplaces across all industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Irvin
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, CA
| | | | | | - Kay Nasir
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, CA
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Emerson S, Emerson K, Fedorczyk J. Computer workstation ergonomics: Current evidence for evaluation, corrections, and recommendations for remote evaluation. J Hand Ther 2021; 34:166-178. [PMID: 34030954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Literature Review INTRODUCTION: Computer use in the workplace has increased substantially since the start of the information age in the mid-1980s through 2020. Desktops, laptops, and tablets are essential tools for communication and project management. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many workers have transitioned to work from home (WFH) to sustain public health emergency guidelines, and it is anticipated that many WFH jobs will be maintained post-pandemic. The transition to WFH occurred rapidly without time to establish ideal workstations. Ergonomic assessments that were typically performed in person needed to be performed using virtual technology. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this review is (1) to describe the components of a computer workstation evaluation; (2) to offer suggestions for identifying computer workstation problems that may be contributing to the client's musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and symptoms; (3) to provide suggestions that may improve the safety and comfort at the computer workstation, and (4) to suggest a method of completing the workstation analysis virtually, without onsite in-person evaluation. METHODS AND RESULTS There is a paucity of peer-reviewed literature regarding computer workstation evaluations to be performed in person, let alone using a virtual method. The components of computer workstation evaluations have been recommended by regulatory agencies that survey injuries in the workplace. Prior to 2020, these evaluations were done in person at the office workstation. Modifications in data collection were needed to transition the analysis to a reliable virtual format. The remote method described provides a consistent approach that engages the client in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Emerson
- Rehab to Work Medical Consultants, York, ME, USA 03909.
| | | | - Jane Fedorczyk
- Director, Center for Hand and Upper Limb Health and Performance, Director, Advanced Practice Certificate in Hand and Upper Limb Rehabilitation, Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Jefferson College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
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Jun D, Johnston V, McPhail SM, O'Leary S. A Longitudinal Evaluation of Risk Factors and Interactions for the Development of Nonspecific Neck Pain in Office Workers in Two Cultures. HUMAN FACTORS 2021; 63:663-683. [PMID: 32119582 DOI: 10.1177/0018720820904231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for the development of interfering neck pain in office workers including an examination of the interaction effects between potential risk factors. BACKGROUND The 1-year incidence of neck pain in office workers is reported as the highest of all occupations. Identifying risk factors for the development of neck pain in office workers is therefore a priority to direct prevention strategies. METHODS Participants included 214 office workers without neck pain from two cultures. A battery of measures evaluating potential individual and workplace risk factors were administered at baseline, and the incidence of interfering neck pain assessed monthly for 12 months. Survival analysis was used to identify relationships between risk factors and the development of interfering neck pain. RESULTS One-year incidence was 1.93 (95% CI [1.41, 2.64]) per 100 person months. Factors increasing the risk of developing interfering neck pain were older age, female gender, increased sitting hours, higher job strain, and stress. A neutral thorax sitting posture, greater cervical range of motion and muscle endurance, and higher physical activity were associated with a decreased risk of neck pain. The effects of some risk factors on the development of neck pain were moderated by the workers' coping resources. CONCLUSION Multiple risk factors and interactions may explain the development of neck pain in office workers. Therefore, plans for preventing the development of interfering neck pain in office workers should consider multiple individual and work-related factors with some factors being potentially more modifiable than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokhoon Jun
- 1974 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Steven M McPhail
- 1969 Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Metro South Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shaun O'Leary
- 1974 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Australia
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12
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López-González MJ, González-Menéndez E, González S, Torrano F. Study of the interrelationships between musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial risk factors in occupational health and safety technicians. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:1502-1510. [PMID: 33704004 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.1902137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this work is to examine the presence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and the exposure to psychosocial risk in a sample of 399 occupational health and safety technicians (OHSTs), deepening the associations between both aspects. Methods. The standardized Nordic questionnaire and the Decore questionnaire were used. Different descriptive and correlational analyses and a multivariate analysis model were carried out. Results. In total, 77.17% of the participants affirmed having suffered some muscle ailments. The most critical psychosocial risk factors are those related to the rewards that the worker obtains for their work, with 54.7% of the technicians in a situation of alert or emergency. It is highlighted that the fact of not feeling professionally valued, working outside working hours, having musculoskeletal discomfort and perceiving a state of poor or fair health increase the global risk index (GRI) score. Conclusions. The study highlights the high exposure of OHSTs to both physical and psychosocial risk factors as well as the significant relationship between these variables. Furthermore, the predictive model shows the variables that best predict the probability of MSDs: gender, training in emerging risks, perceived health and exposure to psychosocial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Jesús López-González
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología (ESIT), Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain
| | - Eva González-Menéndez
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología (ESIT), Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain
| | - Silvia González
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología (ESIT), Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain
| | - Fermín Torrano
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología (ESIT), Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain
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Using Theoretical Domains Framework for Exploring Appropriate Sitting Posture Determinants Among Office Workers: A Content Analysis Study. HEALTH SCOPE 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jhealthscope.108354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sedentary occupations frequently expose employees to prolonged periods with poor posture, which has been considered as the cause of musculoskeletal disorder. Objectives: The study set out to identify the related factors of a taking healthy sitting posture in office workers. Methods: This qualitative study aimed to use the theoretical domains framework (TDF) to investigate perceived determinants to taking a proper sitting posture in office workers. Semi-structured interviews with 25 office workers according to purposive sampling was conducted with a convenience sample of university office workers in Iran. Recorded interviews were transcribed into MAXQDA version 10. Directed content analysis and framework analysis were used for drawing the 12 domains of the TDF. Results: Explored themes were mapped onto the TDF domains, including skills, knowledge, behavioral regulation, goals, environmental context and resources, social influences, beliefs about capability, intentions, emotion, beliefs about consequences, memory, and attention and reinforcement. Conclusions: This study is a theoretical starting point in making structured interventions to change improper sitting posture among office workers. Also, the identified factors provide organizational managers with a wide list of factors by which they can encourage their employees to use proper postures in the workplace, leading to a significant reduction in job absenteeism and insurance fees associated with health problems. In addition, this study enriches the literature by providing additional empirical evidence for the TDF theory.
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Boini S, Chouaniere D, Wild P. Do the work unit characteristics directly or indirectly affect psychological distress in female call-handlers? Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:707-721. [PMID: 33389080 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01614-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to test if work unit characteristics (WUCs) reported by call-center managers were directly related to the psychological distress reported by call-handlers or if these associations were mediated by the psychosocial working conditions (PWC). METHODS Managers of 105 call-centers were interviewed about their call-center's WUCs by occupational physicians. 2719 female call-handlers from these call-centers completed self-reported questionnaires to evaluate PWC (Karasek, Siegrist, and other specific workplace stressors) and psychological distress (GHQ12 score). A two-level analysis tested the relationships between the 14 WUCs and GHQ12 score, with and without adding PWC as confounders. Unchanged coefficients between WUCs and GHQ12 score were assumed to flag a direct association between WUCs and psychological distress. In the case of changed coefficients, the mediated proportion was estimated using multiple mixed models. RESULTS Five out of fourteen WUCs were related to GHQ12 score: outbound-call type, call-center size, number of activity parameters displayed on the screen, the existence of a fixed break, and the assigned role of the supervisor being the monitoring/supervision of call-handler activities. After adding PWC, the association remained statistically significant only for outbound calls. For the other WUCs, the proportion of mediation by stressor ranged from 56 to 66%. Mediation was mostly through job demand, lack of reward and ethical conflict dimensions. CONCLUSION The main results were that (1) associations exist between the WUCs reported by managers and the psychological distress reported by call-handlers, and (2) that most of these associations are mediated by psychosocial working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Boini
- Occupational Epidemiology Division, Epidémiologie en entreprise, French National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), 1 rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Dominique Chouaniere
- Occupational Epidemiology Division, Epidémiologie en entreprise, French National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), 1 rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pascal Wild
- Occupational Epidemiology Division, Epidémiologie en entreprise, French National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), 1 rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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15
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Stress-Related Responses to Alternations between Repetitive Physical Work and Cognitive Tasks of Different Difficulties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228509. [PMID: 33212862 PMCID: PMC7698406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alternating between physical and cognitive tasks has been proposed as an alternative in job rotation, allowing workers to recover from the physical work while still being productive. However, effects of such alternations on stress have not been investigated. This controlled experiment aimed at determining the extent to which stress-related responses develop during alternating physical and cognitive work, and to determine the extent to which cognitive task (CT) difficulty influences these responses. Fifteen women performed three sessions of 10 consecutive work bouts each including a seven-minute repetitive physical task (pipetting) and a three-minute CT (n-back) at one of three difficulty levels. Stress was assessed in terms of changes in heart rate variability, blood pressure, salivary alpha-amylase, salivary cortisol, perceived stress, and cognitive performance. The work session did not result in any marked stress response, and CT difficulty did not significantly influence stress, apart from alpha-amylase being higher at the easiest CT (F = 5.34, p = 0.02). Thus, according to our results, alternating between repetitive physical tasks and cognitive tasks may be a feasible alternative to classic job rotation between physical tasks only, even if the cognitive task is quite difficult. Future studies should address possible effects of the temporal pattern of alternations, and combine even other occupationally relevant tasks, preferably for extended periods of time.
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16
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Effect of Cycling on a Stationary Bike While Performing Assembly Tasks on Human Physiology and Performance Parameters. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051761. [PMID: 32182731 PMCID: PMC7084503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study evaluated participants’ ability to assemble a computer keyboard while at a cycling workstation. Depending on task completion time, error percentage, and workload based on subjective workload ratings, subjective body discomfort, electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiographic (ECG) signals, human performances were compared at four different cycling conditions: no cycling, low level cycling (15 km/h), preferred level cycling, and high level cycling (25 km/h). Method: The experiment consisted of 16 participants. Each participant performed the test four times (each cycling condition) on different days. Results: The repeated measure test showed that the alpha and beta EEG signals were high during session times (post) when compared with session times (pre). Moreover, the mean interbeat (R-R) interval decreased after the participants performed the assembly while pedaling, possibly due to the physical effort of cycling. Conclusions: Pedaling had no significant effect on body discomfort ratings, task errors, or completion time.
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Kelson DM, Mathiassen SE, Srinivasan D. Trapezius muscle activity variation during computer work performed by individuals with and without neck-shoulder pain. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 81:102908. [PMID: 31422258 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the extent to which individuals with neck-shoulder pain and non-symptomatic individuals differ in muscle activation patterns, when performing computer work, as quantified by exposure variation analysis (EVA). As a secondary aim, we also aimed to quantify the day-to-day reliability of EVA variables describing trapezius muscle activation in a non-symptomatic control group. Thirteen touch-typing computer users (pain: n = 5, non-symptomatic: n = 8) completed three pre-selected computer tasks in the laboratory. Upper trapezius muscle activity was recorded using electromyography and analyzed using EVA with five amplitude and five duration categories. Individuals with neck-shoulder pain spent less time at low amplitudes and exhibited longer uninterrupted periods of muscle activation compared to their non-symptomatic counterparts. Thus, non-symptomatic workers tended to switch between exposure levels more often than individuals with pain. For a majority of EVA variables, ICCs ranged from 0.6 to 0.9, and between-days coefficients of variation were between 0.4 and 2.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denean M Kelson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Divya Srinivasan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
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Omrane A, Jlassi O, Kammoun S, Tka I, Kraiem A, Henchi MA, Khalfallah T, Bouzgarrou L. [Semi-quantitative ergonomic analysis of the biomechanical constraints within the cervical spine among screen-operators in the Tunisian universities]. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 31:189. [PMID: 31086636 PMCID: PMC6488278 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.31.189.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Evaluer les contraintes biomécaniques associées aux cervicalgies parmi les opérateurs sur écran. Méthodes Etude ergonomique réalisée au prés de 325 opérateurs sur écran dans 25 établissements de l’université du centre tunisien, basée sur une étude anthropométrique du poste du travail sur écran et une analyse semi-quantitative sur des enregistrements vidéo des activités des travailleurs conduits sur une période représentative de 30 minutes. Résultats La prévalence des cervicalgies évaluée à 72,3%, a concerné une population de travailleurs qui exerçait avec un siège et un plan de travail inadaptés (84,6%) et un écran bas situé par rapport au regard horizontal (81,2%). L’analyse semi-quantitative par enregistrement vidéo du poste de travail a conclu que la nuque était maintenue en flexion franche de plus de 40 degrés sur 69% du temps global du travail. La flexion latérale a été visible sur 50,3% du temps de travail et la rotation droite ou gauche sur 57,4% du temps de travail. Ainsi, Les opérations de prise d’information de l’écran, de regard du clavier et de consultation des documents se sont dégagées comme les plus de contraignantes pour la nuque sur le plan gestuel et postural. Conclusion Nos résultats mettent en évidence l’importance des contraintes biomécaniques associées à la conception du poste de travail sur écran non conforme aux dimensions anthropométriques ergonomiquement recommandées. Ces contraintes sont associées à une prévalence élevée des cervicalgies traduisant la nécessité d’aménagement ergonomique de ces postes de travail pour prévenir ce fléau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Omrane
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Olfa Jlassi
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Salma Kammoun
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Ines Tka
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Awatef Kraiem
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Adnène Henchi
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Taoufik Khalfallah
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Lamia Bouzgarrou
- Département de Médecine de Travail et d'Ergonomie, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Tunisie
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Wang T, Zhao YL, Hao LX, Jia JG. Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among industrial employees in a modern industrial region in Beijing, China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:789-797. [PMID: 30897593 PMCID: PMC6595845 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing industrialization of China exposes its labor population to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of MSDs in a modern industrial region of Beijing. METHODS A cross-sectional study included 1415 employees in six industrial companies was conducted between January 2018 and May 2018 in Fangshan district, Beijng, China. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to collect the information about MSDs. Demographic factors, lifestyle factors, health and medical factors, and work-related factors were collected as independent variables. Descriptive statistics, the chi-squared (χ) test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze data. RESULTS Among 1415 participants, 498 reported MSDs. The regions involved were the neck (25.16%), shoulders (17.17%), and upper back (13.29%). There was a significant statistical difference between frontline industrial workers and other staff in the prevalence of self-reported symptoms involving the shoulders (χ = 4.33, P = 0.037), wrists and hands (χ = 8.90, P = 0.003), and ankles and feet (χ = 12.88, P < 0.001). Increased age (P = 0.005, OR = 1.63; P = 0.001, OR = 2.33), a high or a low salary (P < 0.001, OR = 0.49; P < 0.001, OR = 0.30), night-shift (P = 0.027, OR = 1.46), two-week-history of illness and treatment (P = 0.004, OR = 5.60; P = 0.013, OR = 4.19), concurrent chronic diseases (P = 0.001, OR = 3.45; P = 0.092, OR = 7.81), limited access to health information (P = 0.004, OR = 0.49), and negative attitude towards seeking healthcare (P = 0.010, OR = 1.77; P = 0.009, OR = 2.75) were associated with MSDs in frontline workers. Female gender (P < 0.001, OR = 2.30), high education (P = 0.001, OR = 1.96), no exercises (P = 0.027, OR = 0.59), night-shift (P = 0.017, OR = 1.98), concurrent chronic diseases (P = 0.002, OR = 3.73; P = 0.020, OR = 13.42), limited access to health information (P = 0.013, OR = 0.53), far distance to medical institution (P = 0.009, OR = 1.83), and negative propensity (P = 0.009, OR = 1.94; P = 0.014, OR = 2.74) were associated with MSDs in other staffs. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MSDs among industrial employees has changed. Frontline workers had different prevalence and risk factors for MSDs compared with other employees. Negative propensity to healthcare, limited ways to obtain health knowledge, and concomitant chronic diseases were associated with MSDs. Surprisingly, highly educated and high-income employees had a higher risk of MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of General Practice, The School of General Practice and Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ya-Li Zhao
- Department of General Practice, The School of General Practice and Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li-Xiao Hao
- Department of General Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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20
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Coenen P, van der Molen HF, Burdorf A, Huysmans MA, Straker L, Frings-Dresen MHW, van der Beek AJ. Associations of screen work with neck and upper extremity symptoms: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:502-509. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
ObjectivesIt has often been suggested that screen work (ie, work on desktop, laptop, notebook or tablet computers) is a risk factor for neck and upper extremity symptoms. However, an up-to-date overview and quantification of evidence are lacking. We aimed to systematically review the association of exposure to screen work with neck and upper extremity symptoms from prospective studies.MethodsAn electronic database search (PubMed, Embase, Cinahl and Scopus) for prospective studies on the association of exposure to screen work and musculoskeletal symptoms was conducted. Studies were synthesised regarding extracted data and risk of bias, and meta-analyses were conducted.ResultsAfter screening 3423 unique references, 19 articles from 12 studies (with 18 538 participants) were included for the current review, with the most recent exposure assessment reported in 2005. Studies described duration and input frequency of screen work (ie, computer, keyboard and mouse use, assessed using self-reports or software recordings) and musculoskeletal symptoms (ie, self-reported neck/shoulder and distal upper extremity symptoms and diagnosed carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS]). Although there was overall an increased occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms with larger exposure to screen work (relative risk: 1.11 [1.03 1.19]), findings were rather inconsistent with weaker (and statistically non-significant) risks when screen work was assessed by software recording (1.05 [0.91 1.21]) compared to with self-report (1.14 [1.03 1.19]).ConclusionsWe found an increased risk of musculoskeletal symptoms with screen work. However, the evidence is heterogeneous, and it is striking that it lacks information from contemporary screen work using laptop, notebook or tablet computers.
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21
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Shariat A, Cardoso JR, Cleland JA, Danaee M, Ansari NN, Kargarfard M, Mohd Tamrin SB. Prevalence rate of neck, shoulder and lower back pain in association with age, body mass index and gender among Malaysian office workers. Work 2019; 60:191-199. [PMID: 29865103 DOI: 10.3233/wor-2738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaysian office workers often experience Musculoskeletal Discomfort (MSD) which is typically related to the low back, shoulders, and neck. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence of lower back, shoulder, and neck pain among Malaysian office workers. METHODS 752 subjects (478 women and 274 men) were randomly selected from the Malaysian office workers population of 10,000 individuals. The participants were aged between 20-50 years and had at least one year of work experience. All participants completed the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). Instructions to complete the questinnaire were given to the participants under the researchers supervision in the morning before they started a day of work. The participants were then classified into four categories based on body mas index (BMI) (BMI:≤18.4, 18.5-24.99, 25-29.99, ≥30) and age (Age: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, ≥50). RESULTS There was a significant association between pain severity in gender and right (p = 0.046) and left (p = 0.041) sides of the shoulders. There was also a significant association between BMI and severity of pain in the lower back area (p = 0.047). It was revealed that total pain score in the shoulders was significantly associated with age (p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrated that a significant correlation existed between pain servity for gender in both right and left shoulder. These findings require further scientific investigation as do the identification of effective preventative stratgies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Shariat
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Jefferson Rosa Cardoso
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR - Brazil
| | | | - Mahmoud Danaee
- University of Malaya Centre of Addiction Sciences (Umcas), Malaysia
| | - Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kargarfard
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
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Simonsen JG, Dahlqvist C, Enquist H, Nordander C, Axmon A, Arvidsson I. Assessments of Physical Workload in Sonography Tasks Using Inclinometry, Goniometry, and Electromyography. Saf Health Work 2018; 9:326-333. [PMID: 30370165 PMCID: PMC6130004 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Echocardiography involves strenuous postures of the upper limbs. This study explored the physical workload in the neck and upper limbs in sonographers performing echocardiography, and the extent to which the workload differs from than in other work tasks (other sonographic examinations, and nonsonographic tasks). Methods The physical load was assessed by inclinometry, goniometry, and electromyography methods in 33 female sonographers during authentic work using three different echocardiography techniques and other work tasks. Results Echocardiography was characterized by low velocities of the head, arms, and wrists, and a low proportion of muscular resting time in the forearms, in the transducer limb, and the computer limb. The transducer limb was more elevated in one of the techniques, but this technique also involved a higher proportion of muscular resting time of the trapezius muscle. We also found a high proportion of awkward wrist postures in the transducer wrist in all three techniques; in one due to prolonged flexion, and in the others due to prolonged extension. Other work tasks were less static, and were performed with higher upper arm and wrist velocities. Conclusion None of the three echocardiography techniques was optimal concerning physical workload. Thus, to achieve more variation in physical load we recommend that the equipment be arranged so that the sonographer can alternate between two different techniques during the workday. We also propose alternation between echocardiography and nonsonographic tasks, in order to introduce variation in the physical workload. Clinical expertise should be used to achieve further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Dahlqvist
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Enquist
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Catarina Nordander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Axmon
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inger Arvidsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Jeong HS, Suh BS, Kim SG, Kim WS, Lee WC, Son KH, Nam MW. Comparison of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms between male cameramen and male office workers. Ann Occup Environ Med 2018; 30:28. [PMID: 29744110 PMCID: PMC5930734 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-018-0243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have classified cameramen's job as physiologically heavy work and identified the risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) in cameramen. However, those studies limited their research subjects to cameramen. In this study, we compared the frequency and severity of WRMDs between cameramen and office workers. Methods A total of 293 subjects working in four broadcasting companies in Korea were recruited. A questionnaire survey was conducted for a month, starting in October 2016. The subjects were divided into cameramen and office workers according to their occupation. We compared the frequency and severity of WRMDs and ergonomic risk assessment results between the two groups. Results The high-risk WRMD group had a higher proportion of cameramen than office workers. Moreover, the high ergonomic risk group also had a higher proportion of cameramen than office workers for WRMDs in the upper extremities and waist+lower extremities. In the multivariable-adjusted model comparing cameramen and office workers, the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for high-risk WRMDs was 3.50 (95% CI: 1.92-7.72) for the upper extremities and 3.18 (95% CI: 1.62-6.21) for the waist and the lower extremities. The ORs by body parts were 3.11 (95% CI: 1.28-7.57) for the neck, 3.90 (95% CI: 1.79-8.47) for the shoulders, and 4.23 (95% CI: 1.04-17.18) for the legs and feet. Conclusions Our study suggests that cameramen are at high risk of WRMDs. Workplace improvements and management of the neck, shoulders, and lower extremities, which are susceptible to WRMDs, are necessary to prevent musculoskeletal disorders among cameramen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Seur Jeong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
| | - Byung-Seong Suh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
| | - Soo-Geun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
| | - Won-Sool Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
| | - Won-Cheol Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Son
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
| | - Min-Woo Nam
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181 South Korea
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An Investigation of Self-reported Health-related Productivity Loss in Office Workers and Associations With Individual and Work-related Factors Using an Employer's Perspective. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 59:e138-e144. [PMID: 28590272 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Office workers have a high prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions. This can be a significant economic burden due to health-related productivity loss. Individual and work-related factors related to office worker health-related productivity were investigated. METHODS A survey including the Health and Work Performance Questionnaire, which estimated productivity loss, also recorded individual and work-related factors with potential associations with health-related productivity. Muscle function and workstation ergonomics were examined through physical assessments. Linear models investigated the relationships between these factors and health-related productivity. RESULTS Significant factors identified were occupational category (0.001 < P < 0.050), job satisfaction (P < 0.001), psychological wellbeing (P = 0.031), and musculoskeletal pain (P = 0.023). Health-related productivity loss was greater in office workers working as managers, with lower job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing, and those with musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSION Office worker health-related productivity loss is represented by a combination of both individual and work-related factors.
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Shariat A, Cardoso JR, Cleland JA, Danaee M, Ansari NN, Kargarfard M, Mohd Tamrin SB. Prevalence rate of neck, shoulder and lower back pain in association with age, body mass index and gender among Malaysian office workers. Work 2018. [PMID: 29865103 DOI: 10.3233/wor-182738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaysian office workers often experience Musculoskeletal Discomfort (MSD) which is typically related to the low back, shoulders, and neck. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence of lower back, shoulder, and neck pain among Malaysian office workers. METHODS 752 subjects (478 women and 274 men) were randomly selected from the Malaysian office workers population of 10,000 individuals. The participants were aged between 20-50 years and had at least one year of work experience. All participants completed the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). Instructions to complete the questinnaire were given to the participants under the researchers supervision in the morning before they started a day of work. The participants were then classified into four categories based on body mas index (BMI) (BMI:≤18.4, 18.5-24.99, 25-29.99, ≥30) and age (Age: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, ≥50). RESULTS There was a significant association between pain severity in gender and right (p = 0.046) and left (p = 0.041) sides of the shoulders. There was also a significant association between BMI and severity of pain in the lower back area (p = 0.047). It was revealed that total pain score in the shoulders was significantly associated with age (p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrated that a significant correlation existed between pain servity for gender in both right and left shoulder. These findings require further scientific investigation as do the identification of effective preventative stratgies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Shariat
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Jefferson Rosa Cardoso
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR - Brazil
| | | | - Mahmoud Danaee
- University of Malaya Centre of Addiction Sciences (Umcas), Malaysia
| | - Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kargarfard
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
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Weston E, Le P, Marras WS. A biomechanical and physiological study of office seat and tablet device interaction. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 62:83-93. [PMID: 28411742 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Twenty subjects performed typing tasks on a desktop computer and touch-screen tablet in two chairs for an hour each, and the effects of chair, device, and their interactions on each dependent measure were recorded. Biomechanical measures of muscle force, spinal load, and posture were examined, while discomfort was measured via heart rate variability (HRV) and subjective reports. HRV was sensitive enough to differentiate between chair and device interactions. Biomechanically, a lack of seat back mobility forced individuals to maintain an upright seating posture with increased extensor muscle forces and increased spinal compression. Effects were exacerbated by forward flexion upon interaction with a tablet device or by slouching. Office chairs should be designed with both the human and workplace task in mind and allow for reclined postures to off-load the spine. The degree of recline should be limited, however, to prevent decreased lumbar lordosis resulting from posterior hip rotation in highly reclined postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Weston
- Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Peter Le
- Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William S Marras
- Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Nicolakakis N, Stock SR, Abrahamowicz M, Kline R, Messing K. Relations between work and upper extremity musculoskeletal problems (UEMSP) and the moderating role of psychosocial work factors on the relation between computer work and UEMSP. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1236-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chaikumarn M, Nakphet N, Janwantanakul P. Repeatability of electromyography normalization of the neck and shoulder muscles in symptomatic office workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2017; 24:422-430. [DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1314120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Physical risk factors for developing non-specific neck pain in office workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017; 90:373-410. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Association Between Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:154-160. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Bau JG, Chia T, Wei SH, Li YH, Kuo FC. Correlations of Neck/Shoulder Perfusion Characteristics and Pain Symptoms of the Female Office Workers with Sedentary Lifestyle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169318. [PMID: 28060875 PMCID: PMC5217948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Modern office workers are often impacted by chronic neck/shoulder pain. Most of the previous studies which investigated the relationship of the occupational factors and musculoskeletal symptoms had adopted questionnaire survey. In this study the microcirculatory characteristics and perceived symptoms in neck/shoulder region were compared among office workers with sedentary lifestyle. METHODS Thirty-seven female office workers were recruited in this study. Microcirculatory flow in neck/shoulder region characterized by the mean blood flow (MMBF value), pulsatile blood flow (PMBF value), and the PMBF/MMBF ratio (perfusion pulsatility, PP) were investigated using Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF). A Chinese version of the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) were also administered to collect the information of perceived neck/shoulder symptoms. Correlations between the perfusion characteristics and the individual/occupational factors were analyzed using the Spearman test. The difference of the MMBF values between the low-pain group (pain level≤2) and the high-pain group (pain level>2) were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS There were 81% participants reported neck or shoulder pain symptoms. The duration of shoulder pain was significantly correlated with the workers' age and the duration of employment (p<0.01) (n = 37). While both the MMBF and PMBF values in shoulder region were significantly reduced with the workers' age and the duration of employment (p<0.05) (n = 27). And there was a 54% reduction in the MMBF value of the workers from age of 23 to 47. And the MMBF value of the high-pain group (n = 15) was significantly lower than the value of the low-pain group (n = 15) (p<0.05). The duration of shoulder pain showed a moderately negative correlation with PMBF values (n = 19). Besides, the PP value was moderately correlated with shoulder pain level attributed by the rapid reduction of MMBF values (p = 0.07). CONCLUSION In this study, the LDF method was used for the first time in the workplace in Taiwan. It was demonstrated that the MMBF in shoulder region were affected by aging effect and towards lower value at higher pain level. Impaired microcirculation caused by age effect, when coupled with sedentary lifestyle, was found to be more likely to evoke ischemia shoulder pain. Further studies are needed to assess current indicator, PP value, and the underlying mechanism of pain caused by sedentary lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Bau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Taipau Chia
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Shan-Hua Wei
- Neurology Surgery, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Hui Li
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fun-Chie Kuo
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Chaikumarn M, Nakphet N, Janwantanakul P. Impact of rest-break interventions on the neck and shoulder posture of symptomatic VDU operators during prolonged computer work. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2017; 24:251-259. [DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1267469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gremark Simonsen J, Axmon A, Nordander C, Arvidsson I. Neck and upper extremity pain in sonographers - Associations with occupational factors. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 58:245-253. [PMID: 27633219 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sonographers have a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This study explores the associations between working conditions and musculoskeletal pain based on the frequency and intensity of pain in the neck and upper extremities. A questionnaire was answered by 291 female sonographers. High prevalence of neck/shoulder pain was associated with eye complaints and headache related to work on the computer, dissatisfaction with the computer workstation, high mechanical exposure index (MEI) and high demands. The possibility to adjust the keyboard and chair, and adequately corrected eyesight were positive factors. High prevalence of elbow/hand pain was associated with performing echocardiography, computer-related eye complaints, high MEI and high job and sensory demands. In echocardiography, working with a straight wrist and holding the transducer with a two-handed grip or alternating hands was associated with a low prevalence of elbow/hand pain. Thus, further improvements in the working conditions are possible and are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Gremark Simonsen
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Anna Axmon
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Catarina Nordander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inger Arvidsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
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Choobineh A, Daneshmandi H, Saraj Zadeh Fard SK, Tabatabaee SH. Prevalence of Work-related Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Iranian Workforce and Job Groups. Int J Prev Med 2016; 7:130. [PMID: 28105295 PMCID: PMC5200977 DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.195851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are known to cause occupational injuries. This study aimed to collate the existed relevant data and develop a general feature of MSDs problem among Iranian workforce. METHODS In this study, we used the raw data related to 8004 employees from 20 Iranian industrial settings distributed throughout the country. In all studies, participants were selected based on simple random sampling method, and the data were collected using demographic characteristics and Nordic MSDs questionnaires. RESULTS The most prevalent MSDs symptoms were reported in the lower back (48.9%), shoulders (45.9%), neck (44.2%), upper back (43.8%), and knees (43.8%). Prevalence rates of MSDs at least in one body region were found to be the highest (90.3%) among health-care workers. Prevalence rates of MSDs symptoms in all body regions were higher among workers with dynamic activities as compared to those of workers with static activities. CONCLUSIONS MSDs symptoms were common among the study population. Health-care provider and workers with dynamic activities had the highest rate of MSDs. These results merit attention in planning and implementing ergonomics interventional program in Iranian industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Choobineh
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hadi Daneshmandi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kaliniene G, Ustinaviciene R, Skemiene L, Vaiciulis V, Vasilavicius P. Associations between musculoskeletal pain and work-related factors among public service sector computer workers in Kaunas County, Lithuania. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:420. [PMID: 27717347 PMCID: PMC5055679 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Information technologies in occupational activities have been developing very rapid. Epidemiological studies have shown that musculoskeletal disorders are widely prevalent among employees working with a computer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in various anatomical areas and its associations with individual, ergonomic, and psychosocial factors among computer workers of the public sector in Kaunas County, Lithuania. Methods The investigation consisting of two parts – questionnaire study (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) and direct observation (evaluation of work ergonomics using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment [RULA]) – was carried out in three randomly selected public sector companies of Kaunas County. The representative study sample comprised 513 public service office workers. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in five anatomical areas of the body (shoulders, elbows, wrists/hands, as well as upper and low back) was evaluated. Results The prevalence rates of shoulder, elbow, wrist/hand, upper and low back pain were 50.5 %, 20.3 %, 26.3 %, 44.8 %, and 56.1 %, respectively. Individual factors such as gender, age, computer work experience, and body mass index were found as significant for musculoskeletal pain in various musculoskeletal regions. The respondents reporting pain in shoulder, wrist/hand, upper back, and low back areas had a statistically significantly higher mean RULA score. The duration of working with a computer was found as a significant factor for shoulder pain. High quantitative demands were related to musculoskeletal pain in all investigated anatomical areas expect for the low back; weak social support was a significant predictor for complaints in upper and low back areas. Conclusion This study confirmed associations between musculoskeletal pain and work ergonomics; therefore, preventive measures at the workplace should be directed to the improvement in ergonomic work environment, education, and workload optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintare Kaliniene
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Public Health Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes 18, Kaunas, LT-47181, Lithuania.
| | - Ruta Ustinaviciene
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Public Health Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes 18, Kaunas, LT-47181, Lithuania
| | - Lina Skemiene
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Public Health Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes 18, Kaunas, LT-47181, Lithuania
| | - Vidmantas Vaiciulis
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Public Health Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes 18, Kaunas, LT-47181, Lithuania
| | - Paulius Vasilavicius
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Public Health Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes 18, Kaunas, LT-47181, Lithuania
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Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders are frequently related to computer use in the workplace. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the evidence in the literature concerning the putative association between neck, shoulder, and upper-limb disorders and occupational exposure to use of a computer and its devices. We searched the scientific literature via PubMed, using specific search strategies, including substrings tailored to retrieve papers about: (1) occupational etiology; (2) computer use; and (3) different upper-limb disorders. We intended to include, in our evaluation, systematic reviews and relevant, informative papers published later on. We were able to retrieve 11 systematic reviews and 11 informative studies regarding neck, shoulder, and upper-limb disorders. There is limited/insufficient and/or inconsistent evidence indicating that computer work may be associated to neck, shoulder, or distal arm complaints. There is sufficient evidence indicating no association between carpal tunnel syndrome and computer work. There are no studies regarding the use of computers and some neck, shoulder, and upper-limb diseases, such as tennis elbow and trigger finger. Applying the general principles of ergonomics to computer work is probably the correct strategy to pursue, with the aim of maintaining office workers' well-being.
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Nordander C, Hansson GÅ, Ohlsson K, Arvidsson I, Balogh I, Strömberg U, Rittner R, Skerfving S. Exposure-response relationships for work-related neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders--Analyses of pooled uniform data sets. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2016; 55:70-84. [PMID: 26995038 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of quantitative data regarding exposure-response relationships between occupational risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in the neck and shoulders. We explored such relationships in pooled data from a series of our cross-sectional studies. We recorded the prevalence of complaints/discomfort (Nordic Questionnaire) and diagnoses (physical examination) in 33 groups (24 female and 9 male) within which the workers had similar work tasks (3141 workers, of which 817 were males). In representative sub-groups, we recorded postures and velocities of the head (N = 299) and right upper arm (inclinometry; N = 306), right wrist postures and velocities (electrogoniometry; N = 499), and muscular activity (electromyography) in the right trapezius muscle (N = 431) and forearm extensors (N = 206). We also assessed the psychosocial work environment (Job Content Questionnaire). Uni- and multivariate linear meta-regression analysis revealed several statistically significant group-wise associations. Neck disorders were associated with head inclination, upper arm elevation, muscle activity of the trapezius and forearm extensors and wrist posture and angular velocity. Right-side shoulder disorders were associated with head and upper arm velocity, activity in the trapezius and forearm extensor muscles and wrist posture and angular velocity. The psychosocial work environment (low job control, job strain and isostrain) was also associated with disorders. Women exhibited a higher prevalence of neck and shoulder complaints and tension neck syndrome than men, when adjusting for postures, velocities, muscular activity or psychosocial exposure. In conclusion, the analyses established quantitative exposure-response relationships between neck and shoulder disorders and objective measures of the physical workload on the arm. Such information can be used for risk assessment in different occupations/work tasks, to establish quantitative exposure limits, and for the evaluation of preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Nordander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Gert-Åke Hansson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kerstina Ohlsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Inger Arvidsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Istvan Balogh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Strömberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ralf Rittner
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Staffan Skerfving
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Koren K, Pišot R, Šimunič B. Active workstation allows office workers to work efficiently while sitting and exercising moderately. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2016; 54:83-89. [PMID: 26851467 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of a moderate-intensity active workstation on time and error during simulated office work. METHODS The aim of the study was to analyse simultaneous work and exercise for non-sedentary office workers. We monitored oxygen uptake, heart rate, sweating stains area, self-perceived effort, typing test time with typing error count and cognitive performance during 30 min of exercise with no cycling or cycling at 40 and 80 W. RESULTS Compared baseline, we found increased physiological responses at 40 and 80 W, which corresponds to moderate physical activity (PA). Typing time significantly increased by 7.3% (p = 0.002) in C40W and also by 8.9% (p = 0.011) in C80W. Typing error count and cognitive performance were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Although moderate intensity exercise performed on cycling workstation during simulated office tasks increases working task execution time with, it has moderate effect size; however, it does not increase the error rate. Participants confirmed that such a working design is suitable for achieving the minimum standards for daily PA during work hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Koren
- University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre of Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000, Koper, Slovenia.
| | - Rado Pišot
- University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre of Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000, Koper, Slovenia.
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre of Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000, Koper, Slovenia.
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Piranveyseh P, Motamedzade M, Osatuke K, Mohammadfam I, Moghimbeigi A, Soltanzadeh A, Mohammadi H. Association between psychosocial, organizational and personal factors and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in office workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2016; 22:267-73. [PMID: 26757785 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1135568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational and personal (individual) factors with the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in office workers of the Iranian Gas Transmission Company. The participants rated two questionnaires - the standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to measure the prevalence of MSDs, and the Veterans Healthcare Administration All Employee Survey questionnaire (2004 version) - to measure psychosocial, organizational and individual aspects of job satisfaction and workplace climate. The highest prevalence of MSDs was found in the lower back (49.7%) and neck (49.0%) regions. Results of the logistic regression models showed that some psychosocial and organizational factors and also some individual factors were associated with prevalence of MSDs (p < 0.05).These findings illustrate the need to consider all elements of the work system as a whole in future studies and in organizational planning.
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Burström L, Jonsson H, Björ B, Hjalmarsson U, Nilsson T, Reuterwall C, Wahlström J. Daily text messages used as a method for assessing low back pain among workers. J Clin Epidemiol 2016; 70:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Arvidsson I, Gremark Simonsen J, Dahlqvist C, Axmon A, Karlson B, Björk J, Nordander C. Cross-sectional associations between occupational factors and musculoskeletal pain in women teachers, nurses and sonographers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:35. [PMID: 26781760 PMCID: PMC4717636 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-0883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is usually assumed that musculoskeletal pain is associated with both the physical workload and the psychosocial work environment, as well as with personal and lifestyle factors. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in women with varying or different occupational exposures, and to explore the associations between musculoskeletal pain and the occupational and personal factors. METHODS A questionnaire on physical, psychosocial and individual factors was answered by 1591 women in five occupational groups with contrasting occupational exposures (teachers, anaesthetic, theatre, and assistant nurses, and sonographers). The outcome measure was musculoskeletal pain (in a new model based on frequency and intensity of complaints the preceding year) from the neck, shoulders, hands, lower back and feet. RESULTS Neck pain was equally frequent among teachers, assistant nurses and sonographers, and less frequent in anaesthetic and theatre nurses. The sonographers experienced the highest prevalence of shoulder pain, while the assistant nurses were the most affected in the wrists and hands, lower back, and feet. The teachers reported the highest scores in most of the psychosocial dimensions. The theatre nurses scored highest in strenuous work postures and movements (mechanical exposure index, MEI), and the assistant nurses in physical activity and lifting (physical exposure index, PHYI). Multivariable models in the total population showed that both the physical workload and the psychosocial work environment were associated with pain in all body regions, though different factors affected different regions. Pain in the neck, shoulders, hands and lower back was strongly associated with a high MEI and high job demands, while pain in the feet was associated with a high PHYI and a high BMI. A young age was associated with pain in the neck, and an older age was associated with pain in the hands and feet. Lack of time for personal recovery was associated with pain in the shoulders and lower back. CONCLUSIONS The occupational groups were affected differently and need different protective measures. For the teachers, the psychosocial work environment should be improved. The surgical staff and sonographers require measures to mitigate lifting and constrained postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Arvidsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Jenny Gremark Simonsen
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Camilla Dahlqvist
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Axmon
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Karlson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Björk
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Catarina Nordander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
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van Vledder N, Louw Q. The effect of a workstation chair and computer screen height adjustment on neck and upper back musculoskeletal pain and sitting comfort in office workers. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2015; 71:279. [PMID: 30135880 PMCID: PMC6093093 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v71i1.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To assess the effect of a vertical height adjustment of the chair and visual display unit (VDU) on work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain (WRUQMP) and sitting comfort in office workers. The upper quadrant refers to the occiput, cervical and upper thoracic spine, including the clavicles and scapulae. Methods A single subject (N = 1) study, in which the subject serves as her own control, was conducted using the ABC design. An ergonomic workstation adjustment of VDU and chair height was compared to the subject’s usual workstation settings. Pain and sitting comfort was measured using visual analogue scales (VAS). The subject was assessed over three four-week phases as she performed her typical VDU work. The results were compiled and tabulated. Results Both the mean and variance in pain intensity decreased after the workstation intervention. A deterioration in sitting comfort was noted. Conclusion The vertical height adjustment of the chair and visual display unit may have contributed to a decrease in work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain in this subject. This safe, economical workstation intervention may be a practical management option for the computer user suffering from work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain. Further research into the measurement of comfort whilst sitting at a computer workstation is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quinette Louw
- Division of Physiotherapy, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Van Eerd D, Munhall C, Irvin E, Rempel D, Brewer S, van der Beek AJ, Dennerlein JT, Tullar J, Skivington K, Pinion C, Amick B. Effectiveness of workplace interventions in the prevention of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders and symptoms: an update of the evidence. Occup Environ Med 2015; 73:62-70. [PMID: 26552695 PMCID: PMC4717459 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-102992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The burden of disabling musculoskeletal pain and injuries (musculoskeletal disorders, MSDs) arising from work-related causes in many workplaces remains substantial. There is little consensus on the most appropriate interventions for MSDs. Our objective was to update a systematic review of workplace-based interventions for preventing and managing upper extremity MSD (UEMSD). We followed a systematic review process developed by the Institute for Work & Health and an adapted best evidence synthesis. 6 electronic databases were searched (January 2008 until April 2013 inclusive) yielding 9909 non-duplicate references. 26 high-quality and medium-quality studies relevant to our research question were combined with 35 from the original review to synthesise the evidence on 30 different intervention categories. There was strong evidence for one intervention category, resistance training, leading to the recommendation: Implementing a workplace-based resistance training exercise programme can help prevent and manage UEMSD and symptoms. The synthesis also revealed moderate evidence for stretching programmes, mouse use feedback and forearm supports in preventing UEMSD or symptoms. There was also moderate evidence for no benefit for EMG biofeedback, job stress management training, and office workstation adjustment for UEMSD and symptoms. Messages are proposed for both these and other intervention categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Van Eerd
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Munhall
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Irvin
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Rempel
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Richmond, California, USA
| | - S Brewer
- CB&I, Inc, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | - A J van der Beek
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J T Dennerlein
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Tullar
- School of Public Health, Institute for Health Policy, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - K Skivington
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Pinion
- CB&I, Inc, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | - B Amick
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Miami, Florida, USA
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Turci AM, Bevilaqua-Grossi D, Pinheiro CF, Bragatto MM, Chaves TC. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the revised Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire (MUEQ-Br revised): translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and structural validation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:41. [PMID: 25888482 PMCID: PMC4352257 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complaints of the arm, neck, and shoulders (CANS) have a multifactorial etiology, and, therefore, their assessment should consider both work-related ergonomic and psychosocial aspects. The Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire (MUEQ) is one of a few specific tools available to evaluate the nature and occurrence of CANS in computer-office workers and the impact of psychosocial and ergonomic aspects on work conditions. The purpose of the present study was to perform a translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the MUEQ to Brazilian Portuguese and verify the reliability, internal consistency, and structural validity of the MUEQ in Brazilian computer-office workers. METHODS The cross-cultural adaptation consisted of five stages (forward translation of the MUEQ to Brazilian Portuguese, synthesis of the translation, back-translation, expert committee meeting, and the pre-final-version test). In the pre-final-version test, 55 computer-office workers participated. For reproducibility, a sample of 50 workers completed the questionnaire twice within a one-week interval. A sample of 386 workers from the University of São Paulo (mean age = 37.44 years; 95% confidence interval: 36.50-38.38; 216 women and 170 men) participated on the structural validation and internal consistency analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used for the statistical analysis of reproducibility, Cronbach's alpha was used for internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis was used for structural validity. RESULTS The calculation of internal consistency, reproducibility, and cross validation provided evidence of reliability and lack of redundancy. The psychometric properties of the modified MUEQ-Br revised were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, which revealed 6 factors and 41 questions. For this model, the comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and non-normed fit index (NNFI) each achieved 0.90, and the consistent Akaike information criterion (CAIC), chi-square, expected cross-validation index (ECIV), and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) demonstrated better values. CONCLUSIONS The results provide a basis for using the 41-item MUEQ-Br revised for the assessment of computer-office workers' perceptions of the psychosocial and ergonomic aspects of CANS and musculoskeletal-complaint characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Mendonça Turci
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Débora Bevilaqua-Grossi
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carina Ferreira Pinheiro
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Mendes Bragatto
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thais Cristina Chaves
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Influence of the long term use of a computer on median, ulnar and radial sensory nerves in the wrist region. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 27:1026-35. [DOI: 10.2478/s13382-014-0335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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The position of a standard optical computer mouse affects cardiorespiratory responses during the operation of a computer under time constraints. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 27:547-59. [PMID: 25034904 DOI: 10.2478/s13382-014-0283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the association between task-induced stress and fatigue by examining the cardiovascular responses of subjects using different mouse positions while operating a computer under time constraints. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was participated by 16 young, healthy men and examined the use of optical mouse devices affixed to laptop computers. Two mouse positions were investigated: (1) the distal position (DP), in which the subjects place their forearms on the desk accompanied by the abduction and flexion of their shoulder joints, and (2) the proximal position (PP), in which the subjects place only their wrists on the desk without using an armrest. The subjects continued each task for 16 min. We assessed differences in several characteristics according to mouse position, including expired gas values, autonomic nerve activities (based on cardiorespiratory responses), operating efficiencies (based on word counts), and fatigue levels (based on the visual analog scale - VAS). RESULTS Oxygen consumption (VO(2)), the ratio of inspiration time to respiration time (T(i)/T(total)), respiratory rate (RR), minute ventilation (VE), and the ratio of expiration to inspiration (Te/T(i)) were significantly lower when the participants were performing the task in the DP than those obtained in the PP. Tidal volume (VT), carbon dioxide output rates (VCO(2)/VE), and oxygen extraction fractions (VO(2)/VE) were significantly higher for the DP than they were for the PP. No significant difference in VAS was observed between the positions; however, as the task progressed, autonomic nerve activities were lower and operating efficiencies were significantly higher for the DP than they were for the PP. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the DP has fewer effects on cardiorespiratory functions, causes lower levels of sympathetic nerve activity and mental stress, and produces a higher total workload than the PP. This suggests that the DP is preferable to the PP when operating a computer.
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Associations between neck musculoskeletal complaints and work related factors among public service computer workers in Kaunas. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 26:670-81. [PMID: 24254652 DOI: 10.2478/s13382-013-0141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Information technologies have been developing very rapidly, also in the case of occupational activities. Epidemiological studies have shown that employees, who work with computers, are more likely to complain of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between neck MSD and individual and work related factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation which consisted of two parts - a questionnaire study (using Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) and a direct observation (to evaluate ergonomic work environment using RULA method) was carried out in three randomly selected public sector companies of Kaunas. The study population consisted of 513 public service office workers. RESULTS The survey showed that neck MSDs were very common in the investigated population. The prevalence rate amounted to 65.7%. According to our survey neck MSDs were significantly associated with older age, bigger work experience, high quantitative and cognitive job demands, working for longer than 2 h without taking a break as well as with higher ergonomic risk score. The fully adjusted model working for longer than 2 h without taking a break had the strongest associations with neck complaints. CONCLUSION It was confirmed, that neck MSDs were significantly associated with individual factors as well as conditions of work, therefore, preventive actions against neck complaints should be oriented at psychosocial and ergonomic work environment as well as at individual factors.
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Boini S, Chouanière D, Colin R, Wild P. Relationships between organizational workplace characteristics and perceived workplace strain in call-centers in France. Am J Ind Med 2013; 56:1317-28. [PMID: 23861252 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to study the associations between organizational workplace characteristics (OC) reported by call-center (CC) managers and workplace stressors reported by call-handlers. METHODS The managers of 107 CCs were interviewed by their occupational physicians using a questionnaire designed to specifically explore OC in the CCs. Four thousand two call-handlers from these CCs completed a self-report questionnaire including the Karasek and Siegrist work stressor questionnaires and two specific items on other workplace stressors. RESULTS Around one-third of the OC examined were associated with the demand/control ratio, the perception of demanding work and ethical conflicts, however, far fewer OC were associated with the effort/reward ratio. Most OC were associated with higher levels of job stressors. Some had strong, systematic negative associations with stressors (e.g., highly formatted instructions for the client relationship). CONCLUSIONS These findings could help in targeting job stressor prevention and health improvement strategies in CCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Boini
- Department of Epidemiology; Occupational Health and Safety Institute (INRS); Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy; France
| | | | - Régis Colin
- Department of Epidemiology; Occupational Health and Safety Institute (INRS); Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy; France
| | - Pascal Wild
- Department of Epidemiology; Occupational Health and Safety Institute (INRS); Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy; France
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Delp L, Wang PC. Musculoskeletal disorders among clerical workers in Los Angeles: a labor management approach. Am J Ind Med 2013; 56:1072-81. [PMID: 23813693 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) persist among clerical workers despite ergonomic advances. METHODS A cross-sectional survey among 2,310 clerical workers investigated MSD cases, defined as musculoskeletal discomfort and seeking treatment for that discomfort in the past 12 months. A modified Poisson regression model was adopted to assess the association between work and individual factors and the risk of MSDs. RESULTS Over half of respondents reported musculoskeletal discomfort. The prevalence of MSD cases was: 37.2% neck/shoulders, 21.7% upper extremities, 18% lower extremities, and 34.3% back region. Elevated risk of MSDs was associated with less workstation adjustability; work schedule, gender, age, and BMI were also significant. Positive trends were observed between computer use and MSDs for the neck/shoulder region and the effect was amplified among those reporting insufficient workstation adjustability and lacking computer ergonomics training. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate the need to limit continuous computer use and to improve the human-machine interface through adjustable workstations and worker training to enhance use of adjustable features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Delp
- University of California Los Angeles Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program (UCLA-LOSH); Los Angeles; California
| | - Pin-Chieh Wang
- UCLA Department of Radiation-Oncology and Epidemiology; Los Angeles; California
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Madeleine P, Vangsgaard S, Hviid Andersen J, Ge HY, Arendt-Nielsen L. Computer work and self-reported variables on anthropometrics, computer usage, work ability, productivity, pain, and physical activity. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2013; 14:226. [PMID: 23915209 PMCID: PMC3751662 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Computer users often report musculoskeletal complaints and pain in the upper extremities and the neck-shoulder region. However, recent epidemiological studies do not report a relationship between the extent of computer use and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD). The aim of this study was to conduct an explorative analysis on short and long-term pain complaints and work-related variables in a cohort of Danish computer users. Methods A structured web-based questionnaire including questions related to musculoskeletal pain, anthropometrics, work-related variables, work ability, productivity, health-related parameters, lifestyle variables as well as physical activity during leisure time was designed. Six hundred and ninety office workers completed the questionnaire responding to an announcement posted in a union magazine. The questionnaire outcomes, i.e., pain intensity, duration and locations as well as anthropometrics, work-related variables, work ability, productivity, and level of physical activity, were stratified by gender and correlations were obtained. Results Women reported higher pain intensity, longer pain duration as well as more locations with pain than men (P < 0.05). In parallel, women scored poorer work ability and ability to fulfil the requirements on productivity than men (P < 0.05). Strong positive correlations were found between pain intensity and pain duration for the forearm, elbow, neck and shoulder (P < 0.001). Moderate negative correlations were seen between pain intensity and work ability/productivity (P < 0.001). Conclusions The present results provide new key information on pain characteristics in office workers. The differences in pain characteristics, i.e., higher intensity, longer duration and more pain locations as well as poorer work ability reported by women workers relate to their higher risk of contracting WMSD. Overall, this investigation confirmed the complex interplay between anthropometrics, work ability, productivity, and pain perception among computer users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Madeleine
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers 7D, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark.
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