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McCoin CS, Franczak E, Washburn MP, Sardiu ME, Thyfault JP. Acute exercise dynamically modulates the hepatic mitochondrial proteome. Mol Omics 2022; 18:840-852. [PMID: 35929479 PMCID: PMC9633379 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise powerfully increases energy metabolism and substrate flux in tissues, a process reliant on dramatic changes in mitochondrial energetics. Liver mitochondria play a multi-factorial role during exercise to fuel hepatic glucose output. We previously showed acute exercise activates hepatic mitophagy, a pathway to recycle low-functioning/damaged mitochondria, however little is known how individual bouts of exercise alters the hepatic mitochondrial proteome. Here we leveraged proteomics to examine changes in isolated hepatic mitochondria both immediately after and 2 hours post an acute, 1 hour bout of treadmill exercise in female mice. Further, we utilized leupeptin, a lysosomal inhibitor, to capture and measure exercise-induced changes in mitochondrial proteins that would have been unmeasured due to their targeting for lysosomal degradation. Proteomic analysis of enriched hepatic mitochondria identified 3241 total proteins. Functional enrichment analysis revealed robust enrichment for proteins critical to the mitochondria including metabolic pathways, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and electron transport system. Compared to the sedentary condition, exercise elevated processes regulating lipid localization, Il-5 signaling, and protein phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria. t-SNE analysis identified 4 unique expressional clusters driven by time-dependent changes in protein expression. Isolation of proteins significantly altered with exercise from each cluster revealed influences of leupeptin and exercise both independently and cooperatively modulating mitochondrial protein expressional profiles. Overall, we provide evidence that acute exercise rapidly modulates changes in the proteins/pathways of isolated hepatic mitochondria that include fatty acid metabolism/storage, post-translational protein modification, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the hepatic mitochondrial proteome undergoes extensive remodeling with a bout of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin S McCoin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Edziu Franczak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Michael P Washburn
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mihaela E Sardiu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
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Bagheri R, Darroudi S, Hosseini SM, Nikkar H, khodadadi F, kasraee S, sazegar M, Rashidlamir A. Effects of High-Intensity Resistance Training and Aerobic Exercise on Expression of ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8 Genes in Female Athletes. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.14.3.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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3
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Karimian M, Momeni A, Farmohammadi A, Behjati M, Jafari M, Raygan F. Common gene polymorphism in ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and coronary artery disease: A genetic association study and a structural analysis. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3345-3357. [PMID: 31943326 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) has a crucial role in removing intracellular cholesterol and plays a protective role against atherosclerosis. Therefore, genetic polymorphisms in this gene may alter the susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD). This study was aimed to examine the association of rs2230806 (c.1051 G > A; p.R219K) variation in the ABCA1 gene with CAD in a case-control design which was followed by a meta-analysis and in silico approach. In the case-control study, 300 subjects including 150 individuals with CAD and 150 healthy controls were recruited. The c.1051 G > A genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. In the meta-analysis, eligible studies were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases and pooled odds ratio, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses were carried. Finally, some bioinformatics tools were employed to assess the impacts of p.R219K variation on ABCA1 protein structure. Our case-control examination showed a statistically significant association between c.1051 G > A genetic polymorphism and CAD risk. In addition, the meta-analysis showed reliable significant associations between c.1051 G > A transition and risk of CAD in the Caucasian population. In silico analysis showed that the p.R219K substitution could alter the secondary structure, hydrophobicity pattern, and Ramachandran plot of ABCA1. These findings elucidate that the c.1051 G > A variation could be a genetic risk factor for CAD and it could be considered as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karimian
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Momeni
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Farmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Behjati
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Jafari
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fariba Raygan
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Nishida Y, Hachiya T, Hara M, Shimanoe C, Tanaka K, Sutoh Y, Shimizu A, Hishida A, Tsukamoto M, Kadomatsu Y, Oze I, Koyanagi YN, Kuriyama N, Koyama T, Ibusuki R, Takezaki T, Ikezaki H, Furusyo N, Takashima N, Kadota A, Uemura H, Katsuura-Kamano S, Suzuki S, Nakagawa-Senda H, Kuriki K, Mikami H, Nakamura Y, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Nakatochi M, Naito M, Wakai K. The interaction between ABCA1 polymorphism and physical activity on the HDL-cholesterol levels in a Japanese population. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:86-94. [PMID: 31694877 PMCID: PMC6939595 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p091546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the interactions between HDL-C-related SNPs identified by genome-wide association (GWA) study and physical activity (PA) on HDL-C. First, we conducted a sex-stratified GWA study in a discovery sample (2,231 men and 2,431 women) and replication sample (2,599 men and 3,109 women) to identify SNPs influencing log-transformed HDL-C in Japanese participants in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. We also replicated previously reported HDL-C-related SNPs in a combined (discovery plus replication) sample (4,830 men and 5,540 women). We then analyzed the interactions of the HDL-C-related SNPs with PA on HDL-C. The sex-stratified GWA analyses identified 11 and 10 HDL-C-related SNPs in men and women as targets for an interaction analysis. Among these, only one interaction of ABCA1 rs1883025 with PA was statistically significant in men, after Bonferroni correction [P-interaction = 0.001 (α = 0.05/21 = 0.002)]. The per-major-allele (C allele) increase in log-transformed HDL-C was lost in men with low PA (β = 0.008) compared with those with medium (β = 0.032) or high PA (β = 0.034). These findings suggest that the benefit of carrying a C allele of ABCA1 rs1883025 on enhancing HDL-C may be attenuated in inactive men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Hachiya
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sutoh
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mineko Tsukamoto
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Kadomatsu
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Divisions of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko N Koyanagi
- Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nagato Kuriyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rie Ibusuki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takezaki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norihiro Furusyo
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Division of Data Science, Data Coordinating Center, Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Oral Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Azarbayjani MA, Farzanegi P, Moradi L. High-intensity interval training has a greater effect on reverse cholesterol transport elements compared with moderate-intensity continuous training in obese male rats. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 28:692-701. [PMID: 33611472 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319887828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study compares the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 18 min) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MIT; 1 h) on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) elements in obese subjects. METHODS Thirty adult male rats were induced high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. After four weeks, the rats were randomly divided into three groups while simultaneously continuing the HFD for the remaining eight weeks. Group specificities were HFD-control, HFD-MIT and HFD-HIIT. The rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last training session and the samples were collected. Analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation test were used for the statistical analyses (significance level: p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS The results showed that both HIIT and MIT improved heart ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8, LXR-α and PPARγ gene expression as well as plasma Apo A1, LCAT, lipids and lipoproteins (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, higher cardiac ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8 and PPARγ expression and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p ≤ 0.05) concentrations were found in the HFD-HIIT group compared with the HFD-MIT group. CONCLUSION HIIT may have more cardioprotective effects than MIT against atherosclerosis, along with saving time, as supported by the changes observed in the main factors involved in the RCT process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Parvin Farzanegi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Lida Moradi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Broom DR, Ghanbari-Niaki A, Shirvani H. Effects of exercise on reverse cholesterol transport: A systemized narrative review of animal studies. Life Sci 2019; 224:139-148. [PMID: 30922848 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Reverse Cholesterol Transport (RCTr) is the mechanism by which excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues is transported to the liver for hepatobiliary excretion, thereby inhibiting foam cell formation and the development of atherosclerosis. Exercise affects RCTr, by influencing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) through remodeling and by promoting hepatobiliary sterol excretion. The objectives of this systematized review of animal studies is to summarize the literature and provide an overview of the effects of chronic exercise (at least two weeks) on apolipoproteins (Apo A-I, Apo-E), Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8), scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar) were searched for eligible studies conducted from the earliest available date to August 2018. KEY FINDINGS Most of studies investigate the effects of low to moderate intensity aerobic training on RCTr elements. The majority were on exercised rats undertaking moderate intensity aerobic training. SIGNIFICANCE This review highlights that moderate intensity and longer-term training has a greater effect on RCTr elements than low intensity training. There a few studies examining high intensity training which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Robert Broom
- Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Abbass Ghanbari-Niaki
- Exercise Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shirvani
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Label-free quantification of protein expression in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in response to short-term exposure to heat stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 30:158-168. [PMID: 30851505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are a cold-water salmonid species that is highly susceptible to heat stress. Summer temperature stress is a common issue in trout aquaculture. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of the heat-stress response in the trout, we used label-free quantitative proteome techniques to identify differentially expressed proteins in the livers of rainbow trout exposed to heat stress. We identified 3362 proteins and 152 differentially expressed proteins (p < 0.05; fold-change >2). Of these, 37 were uniquely expressed in the heat-stress group and 35 were uniquely expressed in the control group. In addition, 42 proteins were significantly upregulated (fold-change >2) and 38 proteins were significantly downregulated (fold-change >2). GO (Gene Ontology) analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were primarily expressed in the nucleus, extracellular matrix, and cytoplasm, and were associated with a variety of functions, including protein binding/bridging and enzyme facilitation. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis of the differentially expressed proteins showed that, during high temperature stress, many biological processes were extensively altered, particularly the estrogen signaling pathway, the complement and coagulation cascades, and the platelet activation pathway. Our study focused on the identification of a systematic approach for the characterization of regulatory networks. Our results provide a framework for further studies of the heat-stress response in fish.
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Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Shirvani H, Ghanbari-Niaki A, Rostamkhani F. The effects of high-intensity interval training on reverse cholesterol transport elements: A way of cardiovascular protection against atherosclerosis. Life Sci 2018; 209:377-382. [PMID: 30125578 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is a process that prevents atherosclerosis. Studies showed that exercise training for strengthening cardiac muscle, increasing heart lipid metabolism and its potency against risk factors could protect cardiovascular health. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on RCT and its related elements in plasma and tissues (liver and intestine) of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (n = 10) and trained (n = 10) groups. The trained group undertook HIIT (90%-95% of VO2max, five days/week, for 10 weeks) on a treadmill. The rats were killed five days after the last training session to minimize the effects of the last training session. KEY FINDINGS A higher and significant ABCA1 mRNA was observed in the liver and intestine of trained rats. However, ABCG1 and LXR expressions only increased in the liver following the HIIT. These changes in the expression of the trained rats were accompanied by higher changes in plasma LCAT and HDL levels. SIGNIFICANCE The responses of ABCA1, as a key player in plasma HDL biogenesis, are similar in liver and intestine tissues after the HIIT program. However, different responses of ABCG1 and LXR in the liver and intestine tissues of the trained rats confirm the main role of the liver than the intestine in HDL biogenes. Therefore, HIIT modality result in cardiovascular protection by increasing the expression of genes involved in RCT and biogenesis of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Shirvani
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbass Ghanbari-Niaki
- Exercise Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rostamkhani
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Sciences, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Marques LR, Diniz TA, Antunes BM, Rossi FE, Caperuto EC, Lira FS, Gonçalves DC. Reverse Cholesterol Transport: Molecular Mechanisms and the Non-medical Approach to Enhance HDL Cholesterol. Front Physiol 2018; 9:526. [PMID: 29867567 PMCID: PMC5962737 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia (high concentrations of LDL-c and low concentrations of HDL-c) is a major cause of cardiovascular events, which are the leading cause of death in the world. On the other hand, nutrition and regular exercise can be an interesting strategy to modulate lipid profile, acting as prevention or treatment, inhibiting the risk of diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic characteristics. Additionally, the possibility of controlling different training variables, such as type, intensity and recovery interval, can be used to maximize the benefits of exercise in promoting cardiovascular health. However, the mechanisms by which exercise and nutrients act in the regulation of cholesterol and its fractions, such as reverse cholesterol transport, receptors and transcription factors involved, such as PPARs and their role related to exercise, deserve further discussion. Therefore, the objective of this review is to debate about non-medical approaches to increase HDL-c, such as nutritional and training strategies, and to discuss the central mechanisms involved in the modulation of lipid profile during exercise, as well as that can be controlled by physical trainers or sports specialists in attempt to maximize the benefits promoted by exercise. The search for papers was performed in the databases: Medline (Pubmed), Science Direct, Scopus, Sport Discus, Web of Science, Scielo and Lilacs until February 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro R Marques
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Tiego A Diniz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Antunes
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Fabrício E Rossi
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Erico C Caperuto
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio S Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Gonçalves
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
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Taghipoor Asramy A, Ghanbari-Niaki A, Hakemi S, Naghizadeh Qomi M, Moghanny Bashi MM. Effect of 12 Weeks of Intense Endurance Training and Bee Pollen Consumption on ABCA1 Gene Expression in Small Intestine, Liver and Gastrocnemius Muscle of Male Rats. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.12.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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11
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Miele EM, Headley SA, Germain M, Joubert J, Herrick S, Milch C, Evans E, Cornelius A, Brewer B, Taylor B, Wood RJ. High-density lipoprotein particle pattern and overall lipid responses to a short-term moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training intervention in patients with chronic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J 2017; 10:524-531. [PMID: 28852492 PMCID: PMC5570090 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfx006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with abnormal lipid profiles and altered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle size patterns. Lower levels of the larger, cardioprotective HDL particles found in CKD may play a role in the increased risk for cardiovascular disease in these patients. The current study was designed to assess the effects of short-term moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training on the HDL particle pattern and overall lipid profiles in stage 3 CKD patients. METHODS Forty-six men and women with stage 3 CKD were randomized to either exercise (EX, n = 25) or control (CON, n = 21). Those in the EX group completed 16 weeks of supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise three times per week. Serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL particle size, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), body composition and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were assessed at baseline and week 16. RESULTS The rate of compliance in the EX group was 97 ± 7.2%. No change was observed in eGFR over time in either group. There was an 8.2% improvement in VO2peak in the EX group (P = 0.05), while VO2peak decreased in the CON group. HDL-C, TGs, HDL particle size and body composition remained unchanged in both groups. A trend was found for lower total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.051) and LDL-C (P = 0.07) in the CON group. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that a short-term aerobic exercise training intervention in stage 3 CKD patients does not induce changes in HDL particle size or favorable lipid profile modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Germain
- Renal and Transplant Associates of New England, Springfield, MA, USA
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12
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Kazeminasab F, Marandi M, Ghaedi K, Esfarjani F, Moshtaghian J. Effects of A 4-Week Aerobic Exercise on Lipid Profile and Expression of LXRα in Rat Liver. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 19:45-49. [PMID: 28367416 PMCID: PMC5241517 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective Liver X receptors (LXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors of the nuclear hormonal receptor superfamily which modulate the expression of genes involved in
cholesterol homeostasis. Hence, further unraveling of the molecular function of this gene
may be helpful in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Materials and Methods This experimental intervention study included twelve adult
Wistar male rats (12-14 weeks old, 200-220 g) which were divided into the control (n=6)
and training (n=6) groups. The training group received exercise on a motor-driven treadmill
at 28 meters/minute (0% grade) for 60 minutes a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks.
Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the last session of exercise. A portion of the liver was
excised, immediately washed in ice-cold saline and frozen in liquid nitrogen for extraction of total RNA. Plasma was collected for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG)
measurements. All variables were compared by independent t test.
Results A significant increase in LXRα transcript level was observed in trained rats
(P<0.01). Plasma HDL-C concentration was also significantly higher (P<0.01) in trained
rats. There was a significant decrease in the concentrations of LDL-C (P<0.01) and TC
(P<0.02), and the ratios of TC/HDL-C (P<0.001) and LDL/HDL-C (P<0.002) in trained rats.
However, the TG concentration was unchanged (P>0.05).
Conclusion We found that endurance training induces significant elevation in LXRα gene
expression and plasma HDL-C concentration resulting in depletion of the cellular cholesterol. Therefore, it seems that a contributor to the positive effects of exercise in cardiovascular disease prevention is through the expression of LXRα, which is a key step in reverse
cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kazeminasab
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Marandi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Esfarjani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jamal Moshtaghian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Lavoie JM. Dynamics of hepatic and intestinal cholesterol and bile acid pathways: The impact of the animal model of estrogen deficiency and exercise training. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:961-975. [PMID: 27621762 PMCID: PMC4990760 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i23.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cholesterol level is determined by a complex dynamics that involves transport lipoproteins which levels are tightly dependent on how the liver and the intestine regulate cholesterol and biliary acid metabolism. Regulation of cholesterol and biliary acids by the liver and the intestine is in turn coupled to a large array of enzymes and transporters that largely influence the inflow and the outflow of cholesterol and biliary acids through these organs. The activity of the key regulators of cholesterol and biliary acids may be influenced by several external factors such as pharmacological drugs and the nutritional status. In recent years, more information has been gathered about the impact of estrogens on regulation of cholesterol in the body. Exposure to high levels of estrogens has been reported to promote cholesterol gallstone formation and women are twice as likely as men to develop cholesterol gallstones. The impact of estrogen withdrawal, such as experienced by menopausal women, is therefore of importance and more information on how the absence of estrogens influence cholesterol regulation is started to come out, especially through the use of animal models. An interesting alternative to metabolic deterioration due to estrogen deficiency is exercise training. The present review is intended to summarize the present information that links key regulators of cholesterol and biliary acid pathways in liver and intestine to the absence of estrogens in an animal model and to discuss the potential role of exercise training as an alternative.
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Pinto PR, Rocco DDFM, Okuda LS, Machado-Lima A, Castilho G, da Silva KS, Gomes DJ, Pinto RDS, Iborra RT, Ferreira GDS, Nakandakare ER, Machado UF, Correa-Giannella MLC, Catanozi S, Passarelli M. Aerobic exercise training enhances the in vivo cholesterol trafficking from macrophages to the liver independently of changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid flux in macrophages and aorta. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:109. [PMID: 26377330 PMCID: PMC4572640 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regular exercise prevents and regresses atherosclerosis by improving lipid metabolism and antioxidant defenses. Exercise ameliorates the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), an antiatherogenic system that drives cholesterol from arterial macrophages to the liver for excretion into bile and feces. In this study we analyzed the role of aerobic exercise on the in vivo RCT and expression of genes and proteins involved in lipid flux and inflammation in peritoneal macrophages, aortic arch and liver from wild type mice. Methods Twelve-week-old male mice were divided into sedentary and trained groups. Exercise training was performed in a treadmill (15 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/week). Plasma lipids were determined by enzymatic methods and lipoprotein profile by fast protein liquid chromatography. After intraperitoneal injection of J774-macrophages the RCT was assessed by measuring the recovery of 3H-cholesterol in plasma, feces and liver. The expression of liver receptors was determined by immunoblot, macrophages and aortic mRNAs by qRT-PCR. 14C-cholesterol efflux mediated by apo A-I and HDL2 and the uptake of 3H-cholesteryl oleoyl ether (3H-COE)-acetylated-LDL were determined in macrophages isolated from sedentary and trained animals 48 h after the last exercise session. Results Body weight, plasma lipids, lipoprotein profile, glucose and blood pressure were not modified by exercise training. A greater amount of 3H-cholesterol was recovered in plasma (24 h and 48 h) and liver (48 h) from trained animals in comparison to sedentary. No difference was found in 3H-cholesterol excreted in feces between trained and sedentary mice. The hepatic expression of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and LDL receptor (B-E) was enhanced by exercise. We observed 2.8 and 1.7 fold rise, respectively, in LXR and Cyp7a mRNA in the liver of trained as compared to sedentary mice. Macrophage and aortic expression of genes involved in lipid efflux was not systematically changed by physical exercise. In agreement, 14C-cholestrol efflux and uptake of 3H-COE-acetylated-LDL by macrophages was similar between sedentary and trained animals. Conclusion Aerobic exercise in vivo accelerates the traffic of cholesterol from macrophages to the liver contributing to prevention and regression of atherosclerosis, independently of changes in macrophage and aorta gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ramos Pinto
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Débora Dias Ferraretto Moura Rocco
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Ligia Shimabukuro Okuda
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Machado-Lima
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Castilho
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Karolline Santana da Silva
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Diego Juvenal Gomes
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Raphael de Souza Pinto
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Tallada Iborra
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme da Silva Ferreira
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Edna Regina Nakandakare
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Sergio Catanozi
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Lipids Laboratory (LIM - 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
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Tofighi A, Rahmani F, Jamali Qarakhanlou B, Babaei S. The effect of regular aerobic exercise on reverse cholesterol transport A1 and apo lipoprotein a-I gene expression in inactive women. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e26321. [PMID: 26023346 PMCID: PMC4443300 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.17(4)2015.26321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is currently a cause of mortality in some parts of the world. The ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter (ABCA1) gene prepares instructions to produce the ATP-binding cassette transporter protein whose operation is for export of phospholipids and cholesterol, outside cells where they are limited to Apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1). Increased ABCA1 activity could inhibit atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES In the present study, the effect of aerobic exercise was investigated on gene expression and biochemical parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS The participants included 36 inactive women, which were randomly assigned to control (CON) and experimental (EX) groups. The EX group performed 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and the CON group remained inactive. Fasting blood samples were collected 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after completion of the course. The ABCA1 and APOA1 gene expressions were measured using semi-quantitative-RT-PCR. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software (version 18). RESULTS A significant increase in blood ABCA1 (EX group P < 0.002, t = - 9.876) and Apo A-I (EX group P < 0.05, t = 2.76) gene expression was shown following the 12 weeks of training. Plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration increased (P < 0.001, t = 4.90 respectively) while plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration decreased (P < 0.001, t = 4.27) in the EX group compared with the CON group. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercises can increase ABCA1 and APO-A1 gene expression. Induction of these genes can effectively prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Tofighi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, IR Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahmani
- Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, IR Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Babaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Solmaz Babaei, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9143215066, Fax: +98-4133369696, E-mail:
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Hung YH, Linden MA, Gordon A, Rector RS, Buhman KK. Endurance exercise training programs intestinal lipid metabolism in a rat model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/1/e12232. [PMID: 25602012 PMCID: PMC4387752 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endurance exercise has been shown to improve metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes; however, the physiological and molecular mechanisms for these benefits are not completely understood. Although endurance exercise has been shown to decrease lipogenesis, promote fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and increase mitochondrial biosynthesis in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver, its effects on intestinal lipid metabolism remain unknown. The absorptive cells of the small intestine, enterocytes, mediate the highly efficient absorption and processing of nutrients, including dietary fat for delivery throughout the body. We investigated how endurance exercise altered intestinal lipid metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes using Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. We assessed mRNA levels of genes associated with intestinal lipid metabolism in nonhyperphagic, sedentary Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (L‐Sed), hyperphagic, sedentary OLETF rats (O‐Sed), and endurance exercised OLETF rats (O‐EndEx). O‐Sed rats developed hyperphagia‐induced obesity (HIO) and type 2 diabetes compared with L‐Sed rats. O‐EndEx rats gained significantly less weight and fat pad mass, and had improved serum metabolic parameters without change in food consumption compared to O‐Sed rats. Endurance exercise resulted in dramatic up‐regulation of a number of genes in intestinal lipid metabolism and mitochondrial content compared with sedentary rats. Overall, this study provides evidence that endurance exercise programs intestinal lipid metabolism, likely contributing to its role in improving metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Endurance exercise has been shown to improve metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes; however, the physiological and molecular mechanisms for these benefits are not completely understood. Although endurance exercise has been shown to decrease lipogenesis, promote fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and increase mitochondrial biosynthesis in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver, its effects on intestinal lipid metabolism remain unknown. Endurance exercise resulted in dramatic up‐regulation of a number of genes in intestinal lipid metabolism and mitochondrial content compared with sedentary rats. Overall, this study provides evidence that endurance exercise programs intestinal lipid metabolism, likely contributing to its role in improving metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Hung
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Melissa A Linden
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Alicia Gordon
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Kimberly K Buhman
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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Jensen BT, Lien CY, Hydock DS, Schneider CM, Hayward R. Exercise mitigates cardiac doxorubicin accumulation and preserves function in the rat. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2014; 62:263-9. [PMID: 23644988 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3182982ce0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective antineoplastic agent with well-characterized cardiotoxic effects. Although exercise has been shown to protect against DOX cardiotoxicity, a clear and concise mechanism to explain its cardioprotective effects is lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if exercise training reduces cardiac DOX accumulation, thereby providing a possible mechanism to explain the cardioprotective effects of exercise against DOX toxicity. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 primary experimental groups: sedentary (n = 77), wheel running (n = 65), or treadmill (n = 65). Animals in wheel running and treadmill groups completed 10 weeks of exercise before DOX treatment. DOX was administered 24 hours after the last training session as a bolus intraperitoneal injection at 10 mg/kg. Subgroups of rats from each primary group were killed at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days after DOX exposure to assess cardiac function and DOX accumulation. RESULTS Ten weeks of exercise preconditioning reduced myocardial DOX accumulation, and this reduction in accumulation was associated with preserved cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the cardioprotective effects of exercise against DOX-induced injury may be due, in part, to a reduction in myocardial DOX accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock T Jensen
- *School of Sport and Exercise Science and the Rocky Mountain Cancer Rehabilitation Institute, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO; †Department of Exercise and Rehabilitative Sciences, Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA; and ‡Department of Athletics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ngo Sock ET, Farahnak Z, Lavoie JM. Exercise training decreases gene expression of endo- and xeno-sensors in rat small intestine. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:1098-103. [PMID: 24933213 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that gene expression of members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily known to act as endo- and xeno-sensors is reduced in the ileum of exercise-trained (Tr) rats. Healthy female rats were either treadmill-trained for 8 weeks, 5 times/week, or remained sedentary (Sed). Training resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in plasma free fatty acid (0.18 ± 0.01 to 0.15 ± 0.01 mmol/L) and glycerol (24.8 ± 0.8 to 18.7 ± 0.8 mg/L) concentrations. Gene expressions of NRs farnesoid X receptor (FXR; p < 0.05), liver X receptor (LXR; p < 0.05), pregnane X receptor (PXR; p < 0.01), and retinoid X receptor (RXR; p < 0.06) were reduced in the ileum of Tr compared with Sed animals. Tr was also associated with a reduction (p < 0.05) in gene expression of FXR downstream heterodimeric organite solute transporters α (OSTα) and β (OSTβ) involved in the transport of bile acids, LXR downstream genes heterodimeric ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCG5/G8) involved in transport of absorbed cholesterol back to the lumen, and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) involved in cholesterol absorption. These data indicate that exercise training lowers the expression of molecules involved in the defense system of the ileum against endobiotic and xenobiotic insults under normal conditions, thus, suggesting that regular exercise contributes to the intestinal maintenance of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilienne Tudor Ngo Sock
- Department of Kinesiology, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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Ghanbari-Niaki A, Rahmati-Ahmadabad S. Effects of a fixed-intensity of endurance training and pistacia atlantica supplementation on ATP-binding cassette G4 expression. Chin Med 2013; 8:23. [PMID: 24267473 PMCID: PMC4175503 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-8-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adenosine triphosphate-cassette binding protein (ABC) type G is considered as a part of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process in modification and metabolism of plasma and tissue cholesterol. This study aims to evaluate the effect of endurance training with or without Pistacia atlantica (Baneh) supplementation on the female rat tissues ABC type G expression and its correlation with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration. Methods Twenty Wistar rats (six to eight weeks old, 125–135 g weight) were arbitrarily allocated into training (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups and further divided into saline-control (n = 5), saline-training (n = 5), Baneh-control (n = 5), and Baneh-training (n = 5). The training groups were given exercise on a motor-driven treadmill at 25 m/min (0% grade) for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for eight weeks. The rats were fed orally with Baneh extract and saline for six weeks. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, the rats were sacrificed and their tissues were excised for tissues ABCG4 expression which was detected by Real-time PCR method. Results The ABCG4 gene expressions were significantly higher in liver (P = 02), small intestine (P = 06), and visceral fat tissues (P = 04) of the trained rats compared to the tissues of the control rats, but were lower in Baneh treated rats (liver P = 045, small intestine P = 06 and visceral fat P = 004) with lower HDL-C concentrations (P = 008). Conclusions The Baneh administration lowered tissues ABCG4 expression and plasma HDL-C concentrations while endurance training increased the expression in female rat tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbass Ghanbari-Niaki
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Baboulsar, Iran.
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Hibert P, Prunier-Mirebeau D, Beseme O, Chwastyniak M, Tamareille S, Lamon D, Furber A, Pinet F, Prunier F. Apolipoprotein a-I is a potential mediator of remote ischemic preconditioning. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77211. [PMID: 24155931 PMCID: PMC3796499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has emerged as an attractive strategy in clinical settings. Despite convincing evidence of the critical role played by circulating humoral mediators, their actual identities remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify RIPC-induced humoral mediators using a proteomic approach. Methods and Results Rats were exposed to 10-min limb ischemia followed by 5- (RIPC 5′) or 10-min (RIPC 10′) reperfusion prior to blood sampling. The control group only underwent blood sampling. Plasma samples were analyzed using surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization - time of flight - mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). Three protein peaks were selected for their significant increase in RIPC 10′. They were identified and confirmed as apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). Additional rats were exposed to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and assigned to one of the following groups RIPC+myocardial infarction (MI) (10-min limb ischemia followed by 10-min reperfusion initiated 20 minutes prior to myocardial I/R), ApoA-I+MI (10 mg/kg ApoA-I injection 10 minutes before myocardial I/R), and MI (no further intervention). In comparison with untreated MI rats, RIPC reduced infarct size (52.2±3.7% in RIPC+MI vs. 64.9±2.6% in MI; p<0.05). Similarly, ApoA-I injection decreased infarct size (50.9±3.8%; p<0.05 vs. MI). Conclusions RIPC was associated with a plasmatic increase in ApoA-I. Furthermore, ApoA-I injection before myocardial I/R recapitulated the cardioprotection offered by RIPC in rats. This data suggests that ApoA-I may be a protective blood-borne factor involved in the RIPC mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hibert
- L’UNAM Université, Angers, France
- Laboratoire Cardioprotection, Remodelage et Thrombose, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Prunier-Mirebeau
- L’UNAM Université, Angers, France
- INSERM U771, CNRS UMR 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université d’Angers, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Olivia Beseme
- INSERM, U744, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, IFR142, Lille, France
| | - Maggy Chwastyniak
- INSERM, U744, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, IFR142, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Tamareille
- L’UNAM Université, Angers, France
- Laboratoire Cardioprotection, Remodelage et Thrombose, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Lamon
- Laboratoire Cardioprotection, Remodelage et Thrombose, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Alain Furber
- L’UNAM Université, Angers, France
- Laboratoire Cardioprotection, Remodelage et Thrombose, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Florence Pinet
- INSERM, U744, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, IFR142, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- L’UNAM Université, Angers, France
- Laboratoire Cardioprotection, Remodelage et Thrombose, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU Angers, Angers, France
- * E-mail:
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The role of the gut in reverse cholesterol transport--focus on the enterocyte. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:317-28. [PMID: 23608233 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the arterial intima, macrophages become cholesterol-enriched foam cells and atherosclerotic lesions are generated. This atherogenic process can be attenuated, prevented, or even reversed by HDL particles capable of initiating a multistep pathway known as the macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport. The macrophage-derived cholesterol released to HDL is taken up by the liver, secreted into the bile, and ultimately excreted in the feces. Importantly, the absorptive epithelial cells lining the lumen of the small intestine, the enterocytes, express several membrane-associated proteins which mediate the influx of luminal cholesterol and its subsequent efflux at their apical and basolateral sides. Moreover, generation of intestinal HDL and systemic effects of the gut microbiota recently revealed a direct link between the gut and the cholesterol cargo of peripheral macrophages. This review summarizes experimental evidence establishing that the reverse cholesterol transport pathway which initiates in macrophages is susceptible to modulation in the small intestine. We also describe four paths which govern cholesterol passage across the enterocyte and define a role for the gut in the regulation of reverse cholesterol transport. Understanding the concerted function of these paths may be useful when designing therapeutic strategies aimed at removing cholesterol from the foam cells which occupy atherosclerotic lesions.
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Ghorbanian B, Ravassi A, Kordi MR, Hedayati M. The Effects of Rope Training on Lymphocyte ABCA1 Expression, Plasma ApoA-I and HDL-c in Boy Adolescents. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 11:76-81. [PMID: 23825977 PMCID: PMC3693670 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.8178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early obesity and its transfer to the adulthood, increases likelihood incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1) as a member of the ABC transporters family plays a crucial role in reverse cholesterol transport and CAD prevention. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to investigate ABCA1 expression in lymphocytes, plasma apolipoprotein A-I and HDL-C in response to eight-week interval endurance rope training in overweight and obese boy adolescents. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty students (17.3 ± 1.1 yr, 85.73 ± 11.68 kg and 28.41 ± 2.36 kg / m²) volunteered and were randomly assigned into training (n= 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Exercise protocol was interval endurance rope training (8 wk, 4 d/wk and 40 min/d). Cell hemolysis and sensitive Elisa method was used for Lymphocyte ABAC1 protein expression.t-test was employed. RESULTS The independent-samples T-Test results showed that after 8 weeks IERT, the levels of lymphocyte ABCA1 expression (P = 0/001) and VO2max(P = 0/001) significantly increased and plasma levels of TG (P = 0.017), TC (P = 0.001), LDL-c/HDL-c (P = 0.026),TC/HDL-c (P = 0.002) and measures of BF% (P = 0/015) and BMI (P = 0.042) as anthropometric indicators significantly decreased. Changes of other variables such as increase in ApoA-I, HDL-c and decrease in LDL-c, body weight, were not significant. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study proved that eight-week interval endurance rope training can have positive effects on lymphocyte ABCA1 protein expression (as gatekeeper of reverse cholesterol process) and lipid profiles among overweight and obese boy adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahloul Ghorbanian
- Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Bahloul Ghorbanian, Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-4113845129; Fax:+98-4124327534, E-mail:
| | - Aliasghar Ravassi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Kordi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mahdi Hedayati
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Colin S, Briand O, Touche V, Wouters K, Baron M, Pattou F, Hanf R, Tailleux A, Chinetti G, Staels B, Lestavel S. Activation of intestinal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α increases high-density lipoprotein production. Eur Heart J 2012; 34:2566-74. [PMID: 22843443 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α is a transcription factor controlling lipid metabolism in liver, heart, muscle, and macrophages. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activation increases plasma HDL cholesterol and exerts hypotriglyceridaemic actions via the liver. However, the intestine expresses PPAR-α, produces HDL and chylomicrons, and is exposed to diet-derived PPAR-α ligands. Therefore, we examined the effects of PPAR-α activation on intestinal lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS The impact of PPAR-α activation was evaluated in term of HDL-related gene expression in mice, ex vivo in human jejunal biopsies and in Caco-2/TC7 cells. Apolipoprotein-AI/HDL secretion, cholesterol esterification, and trafficking were also studied in vitro. In parallel to improving plasma lipid profiles and increasing liver and intestinal expression of fatty acid oxidation genes, treatment with the dual PPAR-α/δ ligand GFT505 resulted in a more pronounced increase in plasma HDL compared with fenofibrate in mice. GFT505, but not fenofibrate, increased the expression of HDL production genes such as apolipoprotein-AI and ATP-binding cassette A1 transporter in murine intestines. A similar increase was observed upon PPAR-α activation of human biopsies and Caco-2/TC7 cells. Additionally, HDL secretion by Caco-2/TC7 cells increased. Moreover, PPAR-α activation decreased the cholesterol esterification capacity of Caco-2/TC7 cells, modified cholesterol trafficking, and reduced apolipoprotein-B secretion. CONCLUSION Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activation reduces cholesterol esterification, suppresses chylomicron, and increases HDL secretion by enterocytes. These results identify the intestine as a target organ of PPAR-α ligands with entero-hepatic tropism to reduce atherogenic dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Colin
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille F-59000, France
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Ghanbari-Niaki A, Rahmati- Ahmadabad S, Zare- Kookandeh N. ABCG8 Gene Responses to 8 Weeks Treadmill Running With or Without Pistachia atlantica (Baneh) Extraction in Female Rats. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2012; 10:604-10. [PMID: 23843831 PMCID: PMC3693642 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that the excess cellular cholesterol concentration, as well as high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol levels are strongly correlated with the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is a term used to describe the efflux of excess cellular cholesterol. ABCG8 is a member of ABCG family that play a critical role in this process. OBJECTIVES The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of endurance exercise with or without Pistachia atlantica (Baneh) extraction on small intestine and kidney ABCG8 gene, also plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, and estrogen levels in female rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study twenty Wistar female rats (six to eight weeks old, 125-135 g weight) were used. Animals were randomly assigned into training (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups and further divided into saline-control (SC), saline-training (ST), Baneh-control (BC), and Baneh-training (BT) groups. Training groups was given exercise on a motor-driven treadmill at 25 m/min (0% grade) for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for eight weeks. Animals were fed orally with Baneh extraction and saline for four week. After the last training session, rats were sacrificed, small intestine and kidney were excised, and ABCG8 expression was detected by Real-time PCR method. Plasma also was collected for plasma variable measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using a one way analysis of variance, and significance was accepted at P < 0.05. Correlation was calculated using the Pearson Product Moment correlation. RESULTS Exercise increased (P < 0.01) and Baneh reduced intestinal ABCG8 mRNA (P < 0.05). In kidney tissue, there wasn't significant change between the groups (P < 0.40). Plasma HDL-C level was increased by exercise (P < 0.05) and decreased by Baneh (P < 0.02) that was correlated by intestine ABCG8 (r = 0.81, P < 0.001). Plasma TG and TC were unchanged, but glucose and estradiol were increased and decreased in Baneh groups (P < 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that exercise increases intestinal ABCG8 mRNA, and Baneh can increase plasma glucose concentration and reduce ABCG8 expression, HDL-C, and estrogen levels probably due to high fatty acid components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbass Ghanbari-Niaki
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Baboulsar, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Abbass Ghanbari-Niaki, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Baboulsar, IR Iran. Tel.: +98- 9111256292, Fax: +98-1125342202, E-mail:
| | - Saleh Rahmati- Ahmadabad
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Baboulsar, IR Iran
| | - Navabeh Zare- Kookandeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Baboulsar, IR Iran
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Membrane Transport Protein ABCA1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2010.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Guo W, Kawano H, Piao L, Itoh N, Node K, Sato T. Effects of aerobic exercise on lipid profiles and high molecular weight adiponectin in Japanese workers. Intern Med 2011; 50:389-95. [PMID: 21372447 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.4380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic syndrome is characterized by the accumulation of several metabolic risk factors. It is important to improve physical activity and dietary habits to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in humans. METHODS The study participants participated in a weekly aerobic exercise program that included a session composed of a brief meeting, warm-up exercises, and primary exercises (low and high impact, stretch, muscle training, and cooling down). To evaluate the effect of this intervention we measured body fat composition, holding power, and quality of life assessment. Blood tests were also carried out before and every 3 months during the study. RESULTS Of the 37 participants enrolled in the exercise group, 31 (83.8%) completed the 12-week program. The control group consisted of 42 subjects, 36 (85.7%) of whom were available for follow-up at the end of the 12-week study period. In the exercise group, weight, body fat percentage, waist circumference, the World Health Organization quality of life 26 (WHO-QOL 26) score, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol had improved significantly at the end of three months. The high molecular weight adiponectin concentration of the participants in the exercise group increased during the 9-month period of the study, although this change did not reach statistical significance compared with pre-exercise. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise led to an improvement in body composition and lipid profiles. High molecular weight adiponectin concentrations tended to improve compared with pre-aerobic exercise levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Doctoral Program, Saga University, Japan
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Miyazaki O, Fukamachi I. Preβ1-HDL, a key element of reverse cholesterol transport: its potential as a biomarker. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.10.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Exercise training accelerates the removal from plasma of LDL-like nanoemulsion in moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212:230-6. [PMID: 20627247 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise training improves plasma lipid profile and diminishes risk of coronary heart disease. Previously, we showed that training increases LDL plasma clearance, as tested by an artificial LDL-like nanoemulsion method, presumably by increasing LDL receptor activity. In this study, we investigated whether training could also improve LDL clearance in hypercholesterolemic subjects (HCh) that are exposed to increased risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS Twenty sedentary HCh and 20 normolipidemic (NL) sedentary volunteers were divided into four groups: 12 HCh submitted to 4-month training program, 8 HCh with no exercise program, 12 NL submitted to 4-month training and 8 NL with no exercise program. An LDL-like nanoemulsion labeled with (14)C-cholesteryl ester was injected intravenously into all subjects and plasma samples were collected during 24 h after injection to determine the fractional clearance rate (FCR, in h(-1)) by compartmental analysis. The study was performed on the first and on the last day of the 4-month study period. RESULTS In both, trained HCh and NL groups, training increased nanoemulsion FCR by 36% (0.0443+/-0.0126; 0.0602+/-0.0187, p=0.0187 and 0.0503+/-0.0203; 0.0686+/-0.0216, p=0.0827, respectively). After training, LDL cholesterol diminished in both HCh and NL groups. In HCh, but not in NL group, LDL susceptibility to oxidation decreased, but oxidized LDL was unchanged. In both non-trained groups FCR was the same for the last and the 4-month previous evaluation. CONCLUSION In HCh, exercise training increased the removal of LDL as tested by the nanoemulsion, and this probably accounted for decreased LDL cholesterol and diminished LDL susceptibility to oxidation.
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