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Shen K, Shi Y, Wang X, Leung SW. Cellular Components of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Their Involvement in Aging-Associated Cognitive Impairment. Aging Dis 2024:AD.202.0424. [PMID: 39122454 DOI: 10.14336/ad.202.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Human life expectancy has been significantly extended, which poses major challenges to our healthcare and social systems. Aging-associated cognitive impairment is attributed to endothelial dysfunction in the cardiovascular system and neurological dysfunction in the central nervous system. The central nervous system is considered an immune-privileged tissue due to the exquisite protection provided by the blood-brain barrier. The present review provides an overview of the structure and function of blood-brain barrier, extending the cell components of blood-brain barrier from endothelial cells and pericytes to astrocytes, perivascular macrophages and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. In particular, the pathological changes in the blood-brain barrier in aging, with special focus on the underlying mechanisms and molecular changes, are presented. Furthermore, the potential preventive/therapeutic strategies against aging-associated blood-brain barrier disruption are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Shen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Susan Ws Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Liberale L, Puspitasari YM, Ministrini S, Akhmedov A, Kraler S, Bonetti NR, Beer G, Vukolic A, Bongiovanni D, Han J, Kirmes K, Bernlochner I, Pelisek J, Beer JH, Jin ZG, Pedicino D, Liuzzo G, Stellos K, Montecucco F, Crea F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis through PI3K/Akt modulation: a translational study. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1818-1833. [PMID: 36469488 PMCID: PMC10200023 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Variants of the junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) locus associate with acute coronary syndromes. JCAD promotes experimental atherosclerosis through the large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2)/Hippo pathway. This study investigates the role of JCAD in arterial thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS JCAD knockout (Jcad-/-) mice underwent photochemically induced endothelial injury to trigger arterial thrombosis. Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) treated with JCAD small interfering RNA (siJCAD), LATS2 small interfering RNA (siLATS2) or control siRNA (siSCR) were employed for in vitro assays. Plasma JCAD was measured in patients with chronic coronary syndrome or ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Jcad-/- mice displayed reduced thrombogenicity as reflected by delayed time to carotid occlusion. Mechanisms include reduced activation of the coagulation cascade [reduced tissue factor (TF) expression and activity] and increased fibrinolysis [higher thrombus embolization episodes and D-dimer levels, reduced vascular plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 expression]. In vitro, JCAD silencing inhibited TF and PAI-1 expression in HAECs. JCAD-silenced HAECs (siJCAD) displayed increased levels of LATS2 kinase. Yet, double JCAD and LATS2 silencing did not restore the control phenotype. si-JCAD HAECs showed increased levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/ proteinkinase B (Akt) activation, known to downregulate procoagulant expression. The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor-wortmannin-prevented the effect of JCAD silencing on TF and PAI-1, indicating a causative role. Also, co-immunoprecipitation unveiled a direct interaction between JCAD and Akt. Confirming in vitro findings, PI3K/Akt and P-yes-associated protein levels were higher in Jcad-/- animals. Lastly, as compared with chronic coronary syndrome, STEMI patients showed higher plasma JCAD, which notably correlated positively with both TF and PAI-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis by modulating coagulation and fibrinolysis. Herein, reported translational data suggest JCAD as a potential therapeutic target for atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132
Genoa, Italy
| | - Yustina M Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine
and Surgery, University of Perugia, piazzale Gambuli 1, 06124
Perugia, Italy
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital
Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ana Vukolic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Dario Bongiovanni
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero
Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve
Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research
Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Jiaying Han
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Kirmes
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Isabell Bernlochner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich,
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden,
Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Zheng-Gen Jin
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University
of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester,
NY, USA
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of
Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon
Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne,
UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience
(ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für
Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site,
Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim,
Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132
Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular
Network, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Nationl Heart
and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London,
United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital
Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Leung SWS, Shi Y. The glycolytic process in endothelial cells and its implications. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:251-259. [PMID: 33850277 PMCID: PMC8791959 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells play an obligatory role in regulating local vascular tone and maintaining homeostasis in vascular biology. Cell metabolism, converting food to energy in organisms, is the primary self-sustaining mechanism for cell proliferation and reproduction, structure maintenance, and fight-or-flight responses to stimuli. Four major metabolic processes take place in the energy-producing process, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutamine metabolism, and fatty acid oxidation. Among them, glycolysis is the primary energy-producing mechanism in endothelial cells. The present review focused on glycolysis in endothelial cells under both physiological and pathological conditions. Since the switches among metabolic processes precede the functional changes and disease developments, some prophylactic and/or therapeutic strategies concerning the role of glycolysis in cardiovascular disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan, Wai Sum Leung
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Shi
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
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4
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Liberale L, Akhmedov A, Vlachogiannis NI, Bonetti NR, Nageswaran V, Miranda MX, Puspitasari YM, Schwarz L, Costantino S, Paneni F, Beer JH, Ruschitzka F, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Stamatelopoulos K, Stellos K, Camici GG. Sirtuin 5 promotes arterial thrombosis by blunting the fibrinolytic system. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2275-2288. [PMID: 32931562 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Arterial thrombosis as a result of plaque rupture or erosion is a key event in acute cardiovascular events. Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) belongs to the lifespan-regulating sirtuin superfamily and has been implicated in acute ischaemic stroke and cardiac hypertrophy. This project aims at investigating the role of SIRT5 in arterial thrombus formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Sirt5 transgenic (Sirt5Tg/0) and knock-out (Sirt5-/-) mice underwent photochemically induced carotid endothelial injury to trigger arterial thrombosis. Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with SIRT5 silencing-RNA (si-SIRT5) as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and non-ACS controls (case-control study, total n = 171) were used to increase the translational relevance of our data. Compared to wild-type controls, Sirt5Tg/0 mice displayed accelerated arterial thrombus formation following endothelial-specific damage. Conversely, in Sirt5-/- mice, arterial thrombosis was blunted. Platelet function was unaltered, as assessed by ex vivo collagen-induced aggregometry. Similarly, activation of the coagulation cascade as assessed by vascular and plasma tissue factor (TF) and TF pathway inhibitor expression was unaltered. Increased thrombus embolization episodes and circulating D-dimer levels suggested augmented activation of the fibrinolytic system in Sirt5-/- mice. Accordingly, Sirt5-/- mice showed reduced plasma and vascular expression of the fibrinolysis inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. In HAECs, SIRT5-silencing inhibited PAI-1 gene and protein expression in response to TNF-α. This effect was mediated by increased AMPK activation and reduced phosphorylation of the MAP kinase ERK 1/2, but not JNK and p38 as shown both in vivo and in vitro. Lastly, both PAI-1 and SIRT5 gene expressions are increased in ACS patients compared to non-ACS controls after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, while PAI-1 expression increased across tertiles of SIRT5. CONCLUSION SIRT5 promotes arterial thrombosis by modulating fibrinolysis through endothelial PAI-1 expression. Hence, SIRT5 may be an interesting therapeutic target in the context of atherothrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Vanasa Nageswaran
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melroy X Miranda
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Yustina M Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lena Schwarz
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, University of Athens, Lourou 4-2, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, NE2 4HH Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Rd, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Liberale L, Montecucco F, Tardif JC, Libby P, Camici GG. Inflamm-ageing: the role of inflammation in age-dependent cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:2974-2982. [PMID: 32006431 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing worldwide increase in life expectancy portends a rising prevalence of age-related cardiovascular (CV) diseases in the coming decades that demands a deeper understanding of their molecular mechanisms. Inflammation has recently emerged as an important contributor for CV disease development. Indeed, a state of chronic sterile low-grade inflammation characterizes older organisms (also known as inflamm-ageing) and participates pivotally in the development of frailty, disability, and most chronic degenerative diseases including age-related CV and cerebrovascular afflictions. Due to chronic activation of inflammasomes and to reduced endogenous anti-inflammatory mechanisms, inflamm-ageing contributes to the activation of leucocytes, endothelial, and vascular smooth muscle cells, thus accelerating vascular ageing and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, inflamm-ageing promotes the development of catastrophic athero-thrombotic complications by enhancing platelet reactivity and predisposing to plaque rupture and erosion. Thus, inflamm-ageing and its contributors or molecular mediators might furnish targets for novel therapeutic strategies that could promote healthy ageing and conserve resources for health care systems worldwide. Here, we discuss recent findings in the pathophysiology of inflamm-ageing, the impact of these processes on the development of age-related CV diseases, results from clinical trials targeting its components and the potential implementation of these advances into daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren CH-8952, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, v.le Benedetto XV 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, L.go Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, v.le Benedetto XV 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montreal, Rue Bélanger 5000, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Francis Street 75, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren CH-8952, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Fernández-Ortiz M, Sayed RKA, Fernández-Martínez J, Cionfrini A, Aranda-Martínez P, Escames G, de Haro T, Acuña-Castroviejo D. Melatonin/Nrf2/NLRP3 Connection in Mouse Heart Mitochondria during Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121187. [PMID: 33260800 PMCID: PMC7760557 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Age-related disorders include oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and exacerbation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 innate immune response pathways. Some of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes, however, remain unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that NLRP3 inflammasome plays a role in cardiac aging and melatonin is able to counteract its effects. With the aim of investigating the impact of NLRP3 inflammasome and the actions and target of melatonin in aged myocardium, we analyzed the expression of proteins implied in mitochondria dynamics, autophagy, apoptosis, Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response and mitochondria ultrastructure in heart of wild-type and NLRP3-knockout mice of 3, 12, and 24 months-old, with and without melatonin treatment. Our results showed that the absence of NLRP3 prevented age-related mitochondrial dynamic alterations in cardiac muscle with minimal effects in cardiac autophagy during aging. The deficiency of the inflammasome affected Bax/Bcl2 ratio, but not p53 or caspase 9. The Nrf2-antioxidant pathway was also unaffected by the absence of NLRP3. Furthermore, NLRP3-deficiency prevented the drop in autophagy and mice showed less mitochondrial damage than wild-type animals. Interestingly, melatonin treatment recovered mitochondrial dynamics altered by aging and had few effects on cardiac autophagy. Melatonin supplementation also had an anti-apoptotic action in addition to restoring Nrf2-antioxidant capacity and improving mitochondria ultrastructure altered by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Fernández-Ortiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
| | - Ramy K. A. Sayed
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - José Fernández-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
| | - Antonia Cionfrini
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
| | - Paula Aranda-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
| | - Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
- CIBERfes, Ibs. Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Tomás de Haro
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (A.C.); (P.A.-M.); (G.E.)
- CIBERfes, Ibs. Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-241-000 (ext. 20169)
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7
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Münzel T, Hahad O, Kuntic M, Keaney JF, Deanfield JE, Daiber A. Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:4057-4070. [PMID: 32585699 PMCID: PMC7454514 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of non-communicable disease globally and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lung disease. Importantly, recent data by the World Health Organizations (WHO) indicate that in the last two decades global tobacco use has significantly dropped, which was largely driven by decreased numbers of female smokers. Despite such advances, the use of e-cigarettes and waterpipes (shisha, hookah, narghile) is an emerging trend, especially among younger generations. There is growing body of evidence that e-cigarettes are not a harm-free alternative to tobacco cigarettes and there is considerable debate as to whether e-cigarettes are saving smokers or generating new addicts. Here, we provide an updated overview of the impact of tobacco/waterpipe (shisha) smoking and e-cigarette vaping on endothelial function, a biomarker for early, subclinical, atherosclerosis from human and animal studies. Also their emerging adverse effects on the proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, microbiome, and the circadian clock are summarized. We briefly discuss heat-not-burn tobacco products and their cardiovascular health effects. We discuss the impact of the toxic constituents of these products on endothelial function and subsequent CVD and we also provide an update on current recommendations, regulation and advertising with focus on the USA and Europe. As outlined by the WHO, tobacco cigarette, waterpipe, and e-cigarette smoking/vaping may contribute to an increased burden of symptoms due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to severe health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - John F Keaney
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - John E Deanfield
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 1 St Martin's le Grand, London EC1A 4NP, UK
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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8
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Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Attenuates d-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Restores Gut Microbiota in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194861. [PMID: 31574948 PMCID: PMC6801633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) has received considerable attention for its various bioactive functions. The injection of d-galactose can cause aging-related injury which is usually resulted from oxidative stress on tissues and cells. In this study, d-galactose (200 mg/kg/day) was injected into rats, and the protective effects of PHGG (500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg/day) against oxidative damages, as well as its probiotic functions, were analyzed. The results showed that PHGG treatment at a concentration of 1500 mg/kg/day greatly reduced the levels of lactic acid, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, advanced glycation end products, and increased the telomerase activity, by 7.60%, 9.25%, 12.28%, 14.58%, and 9.01%, respectively. Moreover, PHGG significantly elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased the content of malondialdehyde in rat serum and brain. The oxidative damage was also significantly alleviated in the liver and hippocampus and the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and choline acetyltransferase also increased. Furthermore, PHGG treatment could significantly regulated the expression of sirtuin 1, forkhead box O1, and tumor protein p53 in the hippocampus. It also increased the levels of organic acids and improved the composition of intestinal microbiota. These findings demonstrated that PHGG treatment could effectively alleviate the oxidative damage and dysbacteriosis.
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Liberale L, Camici GG. Longevity-associated variant BPIFB4 gene transfer to recapitulate healthy ageing in patients at risk: is the future around the corner? Eur Heart J 2019; 41:2498-2500. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Bakhtiari N, Mirzaie S, Hemmati R, Moslemee-Jalalvand E, Noori AR, Kazemi J. Mounting evidence validates Ursolic Acid directly activates SIRT1: A powerful STAC which mimic endogenous activator of SIRT1. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 650:39-48. [PMID: 29758202 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic Acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, plays a vital role in aging process. However, the role of UA in the regulation of aging and longevity is still controversial as we have previously demonstrated that UA increases SIRT1 protein level in aged-mice. Here, we reveal that UA directly activates SIRT1 in silico, in vitro and in vivo. We have identified that UA binds to outer surface of SIRT1 and leads to tight binding of substrates to enzyme in comparison with Resveratrol (RSV) and control. Furthermore, our results indicate that UA drives the structure of SIRT1 toward a closed state (an active form of enzyme). Interestingly, our experimental findings are in agreement with the molecular dynamic results. Based on our data, UA increases the affinity of enzyme for both substrates with decreasing Km value, while enhances the Vmax of enzyme. Additionally, we have determined that UA heightened SIRT1 catalytic efficiency by 2 folds compared with RSV. Thereby, to identify the endogenous activator of SIRT1, UA was administrated to aged-mice and then the tissues were isolated. According to our results, it can be concluded that UA increases SIRT1 activity and mimics Lamin A and AROS behavior in the living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuredin Bakhtiari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Barnch, Sanandaj, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North-Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sako Mirzaie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Barnch, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Ali Reza Noori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jahanfard Kazemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Barnch, Sanandaj, Iran
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11
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Esposito G, Cappetta D, Russo R, Rivellino A, Ciuffreda LP, Roviezzo F, Piegari E, Berrino L, Rossi F, De Angelis A, Urbanek K. Sitagliptin reduces inflammation, fibrosis and preserves diastolic function in a rat model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4070-4086. [PMID: 27922176 PMCID: PMC5659996 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a systemic syndrome driven by co-morbidities, and its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Several studies suggesting that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) might be involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure have prompted experimental and clinical investigations of DPP4 inhibitors in the cardiovascular system. Here we have investigated whether the DPP4 inhibitor sitagliptin affected the progression of HFpEF independently of its effects on glycaemia. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Seven-week-old Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet for 5 weeks to induce hypertension. Then the rats continued with the high-salt diet and were treated with either sitagliptin (10 mg·kg-1 ) or vehicle for the following 8 weeks. Blood pressure and cardiac function were measured in vivo. Histochemical and molecular biology analyses of myocardium were used to assay cytokines, fibrotic markers, DPP4 and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor. KEY RESULTS Treatment with sitagliptin attenuated diastolic dysfunction, reduced mortality and reduced cardiac DPP4 activity, along with increased circulating GLP-1 and myocardial expression of GLP-1 receptors. Myocardial levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and CCL2) were reduced. Sitagliptin treatment decreased the levels of endothelial NOS monomer, responsible for generation of ROS, while the amount of NO-producing dimeric form increased. Markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress were decreased. Moreover, increased collagen deposition and activation of pro-fibrotic signalling, inducing elevated myocardial stiffness, were attenuated by sitagliptin treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Sitagliptin positively modulated active relaxation and passive diastolic compliance by decreasing inflammation-related endothelial dysfunction and fibrosis, associated with HFpEF. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Esposito
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Donato Cappetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Rosa Russo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Alessia Rivellino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Loreta Pia Ciuffreda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | | | - Elena Piegari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Liberato Berrino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Rossi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of PharmacologyUnivesity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
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12
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Sun L, Dou F, Chen J, Chi H, Xing S, Liu T, Sun S, Chen C. Salidroside slows the progression of EA.hy926 cell senescence by regulating the cell cycle in an atherosclerosis model. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:257-263. [PMID: 29115447 PMCID: PMC5780135 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for diseases of the cardiovascular system, such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, but little is known about the relationship between atherosclerosis (AS) and age-related declines in vascular structure and function. Here, we used histological analyses in combination with molecular biology techniques to show that lipid deposition in endothelial cell was accompanied by aging and growth arrest. Endothelial cell senescence is sufficient to cause AS; however, we found that salidroside reduced intracellular lipid deposition, slowed the progression of endothelial cell senescence and inhibited the expression of the senescence-related molecules and phosphorylated the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. Further study confirmed that salidroside increased the percent of S phase cells in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated endothelial cells. Collectively, vascular endothelial cell function declined with age and AS, and our data suggested that salidroside prevented ox-LDL-treated endothelial cell senescence by promoting cell cycle progression from G0/G1 phase to S phase via Rb phosphorylation. We demonstrated for the first time the complex interactions between AS and endothelial cell senescence, and we believe that salidroside represents a promising therapy for senescence-related AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Dou
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Jiulin Chen
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Chi
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Sanli Xing
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Te Liu
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Shenwei Sun
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
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13
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Chen X, Li Y, Chen W, Nong Z, Huang J, Chen C. Protective Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Cognitive Impairment Induced by D-Galactose in Mice. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:3032-3041. [PMID: 27485714 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Memory decline is characteristic of aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) against cognitive impairment induced by D-galactose (D-gal) in mice. D-gal was intraperitoneally injected into mice daily for 8 weeks to establish the aging model. HBO was simultaneously administered once daily. The results indicate that HBO significantly reversed D-gal-induced learning and memory impairments. Studies on the potential mechanisms of this action showed that HBO significantly reduced oxidative stress by increasing superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase levels, as well as the total anti-oxidation capability, while decreasing the content of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and nitric oxide synthase in the hippocampal CA1 region. HBO also inhibited advanced glycation end-product formation and decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Moreover, HBO significantly attenuated D-gal-induced pathological injury in the hippocampus, as well as β-amyloid protein1-42 expression and retained BDNF expression. Furthermore, HBO decreased p16, p21 and p53 gene and protein expression in the hippocampus of D-gal-treated mice. In conclusion, the protective effect of HBO against D-gal-induced cognitive impairment was mainly due to its ability to reduce oxidative damage, suppress inflammatory responses, and regulate aging-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Zhihuan Nong
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Hyperbaric oxygen, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- Department of Hyperbaric oxygen, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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14
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Arany I, Hall S, Reed DK, Reed CT, Dixit M. Nicotine Enhances High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Kidney. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18:1628-34. [PMID: 26896163 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Life expectancy of an obese smoker is 13 years less than a normal weight smoker, which could be linked to the increased renal risk imposed by smoking. Both smoking-through nicotine (NIC)-and obesity-by free fatty acid overload-provoke oxidative stress in the kidney, which ultimately results in development of chronic kidney injury. Their combined renal risk, however, is virtually unknown. We tested the hypothesis that chronic NIC exposure worsens renal oxidative stress in mice on high-fat diet (HFD) by altering the balance between expression of pro-oxidant and antioxidant genes. METHODS Nine-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice consumed normal diet (ND) or HFD and received either NIC (200 μg/ml) or vehicle (2% saccharine) in their drinking water. Body weight, plasma clinical parameters, renal lipid deposition, markers of renal oxidative stress and injury, as well as renal expression of the pro-oxidant p66shc and the antioxidant MnSOD were determined after 12 weeks. RESULTS NIC significantly augmented levels of circulating free fatty acid, as well as lipid deposition, oxidative stress and sublethal injury in the kidneys of mice on HFD. In addition, NIC exposure suppressed HFD-mediated induction of MnSOD while increased expression of p66shc in the kidney. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoking or the increasingly popular E-cigarettes-via NIC exposure-could worsen obesity-associated lipotoxicity in the kidney. Hence, our findings could help to develop strategies that mitigate adverse effects of NIC on the obese kidney. IMPLICATIONS Life expectancy of an obese smoker is 13 years less than a normal weight smoker, which could be linked to the increased renal risk imposed by smoking. NIC-the main component of tobacco smoke, E-cigarettes and replacement therapies-links smoking to renal injury via oxidative stress, which could superimpose renal oxidative stress caused by obesity. Our results substantiate this scenario using a mouse model of diet induced obesity and NIC exposure and imply the augmented long-term renal risk in obese smokers. Also, our study may help to develop strategies that mitigate adverse effects of NIC on the obese kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS;
| | - Samuel Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Dustin K Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Caitlyn T Reed
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Mehul Dixit
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
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Forman K, Vara E, García C, Kireev R, Cuesta S, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Tresguerres JAF. Influence of aging and growth hormone on different members of the NFkB family and IkB expression in the heart from a murine model of senescence-accelerated aging. Exp Gerontol 2016; 73:114-20. [PMID: 26581911 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is related to several pathological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the protein expression of the different subunits of the nuclear factor Kappa b (NFkBp65, p50, p105, p52, p100) and the protein expressions of IkB beta and alpha in the hearts from a murine model of accelerated aging (SAM model) by Western blot. In addition, the translocation of some isoforms of NFkB from cytosol to nuclei (NFkBp65, p50, p52) and ATP level content was studied. In addition we investigated the effect of the chronic administration of growth hormone (GH) on these age-related parameters. SAMP8 and SAMR1 mice of 2 and 10 months of age were used (n = 30). Animals were divided into five experimental groups: 2 old untreated (SAMP8/SAMR1), 2 young control (SAMP8/SAMR1) and one GH treated-old groups (SAMP8). Age-related changes were found in the studied parameters. We were able to see decreases of ATP level contents and the translocation of the nuclear factor kappa B p50, p52 and p65 from cytosol to nuclei in old SAMP8 mice together with a decrease of IKB proteins. However p100 and p105 did not show differences with aging. No significant changes were recorded in SAMR1 animals. GH treatment showed beneficial effects in old SAMP8 mice inducing an increase in ATP levels and inhibiting the translocation of some NFkB subunits such as p52. Our results supported the relation of NFkB activation with enhanced apoptosis and pro-inflammatory status in old SAMP8 mice and suggested a selective beneficial effect of the GH treatment, which was able to partially reduce the incidence of some deleterious changes in the heart of those mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Forman
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Chile; Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - E Vara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - C García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - R Kireev
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV), Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Vigo, SERGAS, Spain
| | - S Cuesta
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - D Acuña-Castroviejo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Center of Biomedical Investigation, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Spain
| | - J A F Tresguerres
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
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16
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Favero G, Franceschetti L, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Sirtuins, aging, and cardiovascular risks. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:9804. [PMID: 26099749 PMCID: PMC4476976 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The sirtuins comprise a highly conserved family proteins present in virtually all species from bacteria to mammals. Sirtuins are members of the highly conserved class III histone deacetylases, and seven sirtuin genes (sirtuins 1-7) have been identified and characterized in mammals. Sirtuin activity is linked to metabolic control, apoptosis, cell survival, development, inflammation, and healthy aging. In this review, we summarize and discuss the potential mutual relations between each sirtuin and cardiovascular health and the impact of sirtuins on oxidative stress and so age-related cardiovascular disorders, underlining the possibility that sirtuins will be novel targets to contrast cardiovascular risks induced by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- />Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Franceschetti
- />Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
- />Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- />Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- />Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- />Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, Brescia, Italy
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17
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Mohtavinejad N, Nakhaee A, Harati H, Poodineh J, Afzali M. SIRT1 gene is associated with cardiovascular disease in the Iranian population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Chun P. Role of sirtuins in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:1-10. [PMID: 25304127 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0494-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is associated with chronic inflammatory response to noxious particles or gases. The airflow limitation may be explained by hypersecretion of mucus, thickening and fibrosis of small airways and alveolar wall destruction in emphysema. Sirtuins, a group of class III deacetylases, have gained considerable attention for their positive effects on aging-related disease, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis and COPD. Among the seven mammalian sirtuins, SIRT1-SIRT7, SIRT1 and SIRT6 are considered to have protective effects against COPD. In the lungs, SIRT1 inhibits autophagy, cellular senescence, fibrosis, and inflammation by deacetylation of target proteins using NAD(+) as co-substrate and is therefore linked to the redox state. In addition to SIRT1, SIRT6 have also been shown to improve or slow down COPD. SIRT6 is associated with redox state and inhibits cellular senescence and fibrosis. Therefore, activation of SIRT1 and SIRT6 might be an attractive approach for novel therapeutic targets for COPD. The present review describes the protective effects of SIRT1 and SIRT6 against COPD and their target proteins involved in the pathophysiology of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 621-749, Korea,
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19
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Shi Y, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. Dual role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in oxidized LDL-induced, p66Shc-mediated oxidative stress in cultured human endothelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107787. [PMID: 25247687 PMCID: PMC4172699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging gene p66Shc, is an important mediator of oxidative stress-induced vascular dysfunction and disease. In cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC), p66Shc deletion increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability via protein kinase B. However, the putative role of the NO pathway on p66Shc activation remains unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the regulatory role of the eNOS/NO pathway on p66Shc activation. METHODS AND RESULTS Incubation of HAEC with oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) led to phosphorylation of p66Shc at Ser-36, resulting in an enhanced production of superoxide anion (O2-). In the absence of oxLDL, inhibition of eNOS by small interfering RNA or L-NAME, induced p66Shc phosphorylation, suggesting that basal NO production inhibits O2- production. oxLDL-induced, p66Shc-mediated O2- was prevented by eNOS inhibition, suggesting that when cells are stimulated with oxLDL eNOS is a source of reactive oxygen species. Endogenous or exogenous NO donors, prevented p66Shc activation and reduced O2- production. Treatment with tetrahydrobiopterin, an eNOS cofactor, restored eNOS uncoupling, prevented p66Shc activation, and reduced O2- generation. However, late treatment with tetrahydropterin did not yield the same result suggesting that eNOS uncoupling is the primary source of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSIONS The present study reports that in primary cultured HAEC treated with oxLDL, p66Shc-mediated oxidative stress is derived from eNOS uncoupling. This finding contributes novel information on the mechanisms of p66Shc activation and its dual interaction with eNOS underscoring the importance eNOS uncoupling as a putative antioxidant therapeutical target in endothelial dysfunction as observed in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zürich and Center for Molecular Cardiology, Campus Schlieren, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZHIP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Biomedical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zürich and Center for Molecular Cardiology, Campus Schlieren, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZHIP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zürich and Center for Molecular Cardiology, Campus Schlieren, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZHIP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Shi Y, Savarese G, Perrone-Filardi P, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. Enhanced age-dependent cerebrovascular dysfunction is mediated by adaptor protein p66Shc. Int J Cardiol 2014; 175:446-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Spescha RD, Glanzmann M, Simic B, Witassek F, Keller S, Akhmedov A, Tanner FC, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. Adaptor protein p66(Shc) mediates hypertension-associated, cyclic stretch-dependent, endothelial damage. Hypertension 2014; 64:347-53. [PMID: 24842918 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.02129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Increased cyclic stretch to the vessel wall, as observed in hypertension, leads to endothelial dysfunction through increased free radical production and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Genetic deletion of the adaptor protein p66(Shc) protects mice against age-related and hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, as well as atherosclerosis and stroke. Furthermore, p66(Shc) mediates vascular dysfunction in hypertensive mice. However, the direct role of p66(Shc) in mediating mechanical force-induced free radical production is unknown; thus, we studied the effect of cyclic stretch on p66(Shc) activation in primary human aortic endothelial cells and aortic endothelial cells isolated from normotensive and hypertensive rats. Exposure of human aortic endothelial cells to cyclic stretch led to a stretch- and time-dependent p66(Shc) phosphorylation at Ser36 downstream of integrin α5β1 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. In parallel, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation, as well as production of reactive oxygen species, increased, whereas nitric oxide bioavailability decreased. Silencing of p66(Shc) blunted stretch-increased superoxide anion production and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation and restored nitric oxide bioavailability. In line with the above, activation of p66(Shc) increased in isolated aortic endothelial cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with normotensive ones. Pathological stretch by activating integrin α5β1 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylates p66(Shc) at Ser36, augments reactive oxygen species production via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and in turn reduces nitric oxide bioavailability. This novel molecular pathway may be relevant for endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo D Spescha
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Martina Glanzmann
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Branko Simic
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Fabienne Witassek
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Stephan Keller
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Felix C Tanner
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.)
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., F.W., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.D.S., M.G., B.S., S.K., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L., G.G.C.); and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.C.T., T.F.L.).
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22
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Antiaging properties of a grape-derived antioxidant are regulated by mitochondrial balance of fusion and fission leading to mitophagy triggered by a signaling network of Sirt1-Sirt3-Foxo3-PINK1-PARKIN. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:345105. [PMID: 24669285 PMCID: PMC3942197 DOI: 10.1155/2014/345105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It was proposed that resveratrol, a polyphenolic antioxidant and a calorie restriction mimetic could promote longevity but subsequent studies could not prove this. The original proposal was based on the fact that a grape-derived antioxidant could activate the antiaging gene Sirt1. Most studies agree that indeed grape activates Sirt1, but a question remains whether Sirt1 is the cause or consequence of resveratrol treatment. Subsequently, mitochondrial Sirt3 was found to be activated. The present study on ischemic reperfusion (I/R) in rat hearts demonstrates that Foxo3a is activated subsequent to Sirt3 activation, which then activates PINK1. PINK1 potentiates activation of PARKIN leading to the activation of mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. Confocal microscopy conclusively shows the coexistence of Sirt3 with Foxo3a and Foxo3a with PINK1 and PARKIN. Mitophagy was demonstrated both by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot analyses data are consistent with the results of confocal microscopy. It appears that the grape-derived antioxidant modifies the intracellular environment by changing the oxidizing milieu into a reducing milieu and upregulating intracellular glutathione, potentiates a signal transduction cascade consisting of Sirt1/Sirt3-Foxo3a-PINK1-PARKIN-mitochondrial fusion fission-mitophagy that leads to cardioprotection, and paves the way to an anti-aging environment.
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23
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Zhou Y, Dong Y, Xu Q, He Y, Tian S, Zhu S, Zhu Y, Dong X. Mussel oligopeptides ameliorate cognition deficit and attenuate brain senescence in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:412-20. [PMID: 23796539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation exerts beneficial effects in reducing incidence of chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine protective effects of mussel (Mytilus edulis) oligopeptides supplementation on brain function in D-galactose induced aging mice. Sixty female 8-month-old mice were randomly divided into five groups: vehicle control, D-galactose, and D-galactose combined with 200, 500, 1000 mg/kg mussel oligopeptides. The results showed that mussel oligopeptides could improve cognitive learning and memory ability and protect the hippocampal neurons. In addition, GSH, SOD and GSH-pX activities were increased and MDA level was significantly decreased in mice fed with mussel oligopeptides. It was also found that mussel oligopeptides supplementation prevented D-galactose-induced elevations of iNOS activity and NO production and lactate acid levels in brain. Moreover, PI3K and Akt genes were up-regulated by mussel oligopeptides supplementation. These findings suggest that mussel oligopeptides are able to enhance exercise capacity and protect against oxidative damage caused by D-galactose in aging model mice through regulating oxidation metabolism and PI3K/Akt/NOS signal pathway. Therefore, mussel oligopeptides are good materials for future development of healthcare products to combat age-related brain dysfunction and to improve healthy life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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24
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Martins IJ, Lim WLF, Wilson AC, Laws SM, Martins RN. The acceleration of aging and Alzheimer’s disease through the biological mechanisms behind obesity and type II diabetes. Health (London) 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.55121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Spescha RD, Shi Y, Wegener S, Keller S, Weber B, Wyss MM, Lauinger N, Tabatabai G, Paneni F, Cosentino F, Hock C, Weller M, Nitsch RM, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. Deletion of the ageing gene p66(Shc) reduces early stroke size following ischaemia/reperfusion brain injury. Eur Heart J 2012; 34:96-103. [PMID: 23008506 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and its incidence increases with age. Both in animals and in humans, oxidative stress appears to play an important role in ischaemic stroke, with or without reperfusion. The adaptor protein p66(Shc) is a key regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a mediator of ischaemia/reperfusion damage in ex vivo hearts. Hence, we hypothesized that p66(Shc) may be involved in ischaemia/reperfusion brain damage. To this end, we investigated whether genetic deletion of p66(Shc) protects from ischaemia/reperfusion brain injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to induce ischaemia/reperfusion brain injury in wild-type (Wt) and p66(Shc) knockout mice (p66(Shc-/-)), followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Cerebral blood flow and blood pressure measurements revealed comparable haemodynamics in both experimental groups. Neuronal nuclear antigen immunohistochemical staining showed a significantly reduced stroke size in p66(Shc-/-) when compared with Wt mice (P < 0.05, n = 7-8). In line with this, p66(Shc-/-) mice exhibited a less impaired neurological function and a decreased production of free radicals locally and systemically (P < 0.05, n = 4-5). Following MCAO, protein levels of gp91phox nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunit were increased in brain homogenates of Wt (P < 0.05, n = 4), but not of p66(Shc-/-) mice. Further, reperfusion injury in Wt mice induced p66(Shc) protein in the basilar and middle cerebral artery, but not in brain tissue, suggesting a predominant involvement of vascular p66(Shc). CONCLUSION In the present study, we show that the deletion of the ageing gene p66(Shc) protects mice from ischaemia/reperfusion brain injury through a blunted production of free radicals. The ROS mediator p66(Shc) may represent a novel therapeutical target for the treatment of ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo D Spescha
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Shi Y, Cosentino F, Camici GG, Akhmedov A, Vanhoutte PM, Tanner FC, Lüscher TF. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Activates p66
Shc
via Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1, Protein Kinase C-β, and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Kinase in Human Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:2090-7. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.229260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Deletion of the mitochondrial gene p66
Shc
protects from endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plaque formation in mice fed a high-fat diet. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this beneficial effect have not yet been delineated. The present study was designed to elucidate the proatherogenic mechanisms by which p66
Shc
mediates oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) uptake by the endothelium, a critical step in plaque formation.
Methods and Results—
Incubation of human aortic endothelial cells with oxLDL led to phosphorylation of p66
Shc
at Ser36. Inhibition of lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 prevented p66
Shc
phosphorylation, confirming that this effect is mediated by lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1. OxLDL also increased phosphorylation of protein kinase C β
2
(PKCβ
2
) at both Thr641 and Ser660, as well as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Furthermore, inhibition of PKCβ
2
prevented the activation of JNK, suggesting that PKCβ2 is upstream of JNK. Finally, p66
Shc
silencing blunted oxLDL-induced O
2
−.
production, underscoring the critical role of p66
Shc
in oxLDL-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells.
Conclusion—
In this study we provide the molecular mechanisms mediating the previously observed atherogenic properties of p66
Shc
. Taken together, our data set the stage for the design of novel therapeutic tools to retard atherogenesis through the inhibition of p66
Shc
.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul M. Vanhoutte
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Felix C. Tanner
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- From the Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland (Y.S., F.C., G.G.C., A.A., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (F.C., F.C.T., T.F.L.); Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy (F.C.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Forman K, Vara E, Garcia C, Kireev R, Cuesta S, Escames G, Tresguerres JAF. Effect of a Combined Treatment With Growth Hormone and Melatonin in the Cardiological Aging on Male SAMP8 Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2011; 66:823-34. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glr083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Myers OB, Adams C, Rohrscheib MR, Servilla KS, Miskulin D, Bedrick EJ, Zager PG. Age, race, diabetes, blood pressure, and mortality among hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21:1970-8. [PMID: 20947632 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2010010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational studies involving hemodialysis patients suggest a U-shaped relationship between BP and mortality, but the majority of these studies followed large, heterogeneous cohorts. To examine whether age, race, and diabetes status affect the association between systolic BP (SBP; predialysis) and mortality, we studied a cohort of 16,283 incident hemodialysis patients. We constructed a series of multivariate proportional hazards models, adding age and BP to the analyses as cubic polynomial splines to model potential nonlinear relationships with mortality. Overall, low SBP associated with increased mortality, and the association was more pronounced among older patients and those with diabetes. Higher SBP associated with increased mortality among younger patients, regardless of race or diabetes status. We observed a survival advantage for black patients primarily among older patients. Diabetes associated with increased mortality mainly among older patients with low BP. In conclusion, the design of randomized clinical trials to identify optimal BP targets for patients with ESRD should take age and diabetes status into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orrin B Myers
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131-5271, USA
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29
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Camici GG, Shi Y, Cosentino F, Francia P, Lüscher TF. Anti-aging medicine: molecular basis for endothelial cell-targeted strategies - a mini-review. Gerontology 2010; 57:101-8. [PMID: 20431281 DOI: 10.1159/000314227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to improvements in lifestyle and healthcare, the proportion of aged people is rising steadily, especially in developed countries. With aging, some physiological functions are altered and resemble those occurring in disease conditions such as hypertension, chronic coronary disease and diabetes. Thus, there is the urge to better understand molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying aging and aging-related diseases. In rodents and possibly primates, calorie restriction is an effective approach to extend lifespan by reducing free radical-induced damage. Increased production of oxygen-derived free radicals plays an important role in the process of aging. Reactive oxygen species are generated by different intracellular molecular pathways principally located in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria. The mitochondrial protein p66(Shc) is considered a longevity assurance gene since its genetic deletion extends the lifespan of rodents and displays protective effects in several models of cardiovascular disease. Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylase that may also be involved in aging and diseases. SIRT1 also deacetylates a number of nonhistone target proteins, including p53, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and forkhead box protein. This review focuses on the latest scientific advances in understanding aging as well as delineates the possible therapeutic implications of p66(Shc) and SIRT1 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni G Camici
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zürich, Switzerland.
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30
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Ota H, Eto M, Ogawa S, Iijima K, Akishita M, Ouchi Y. SIRT1/eNOS axis as a potential target against vascular senescence, dysfunction and atherosclerosis. J Atheroscler Thromb 2010; 17:431-5. [PMID: 20215708 DOI: 10.5551/jat.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sir2 (silent information regulator-2), an NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase, is highly conserved in organisms ranging from archaea to humans. Yeast Sir2 is responsible for silencing at repeated DNA sequences in mating-type loci, telomeres and rDNA, and plays critical roles in DNA repair, stress resistance and longevity.The phenomenon of human aging is known to be a critical cardiovascular risk factor. Senescence of endothelial cells has been proposed to be involved in vascular dysfunction and atherogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that mammalian Sirt1 NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, the closest homologue of Sir2, regulates vascular angiogenesis, homeostasis and senescence. This review focuses on SIRT1 as a potential therapeutic target against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Ota
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Lang F. Molecular determinants of life span. Pflugers Arch 2009; 459:237-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-009-0708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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