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Wen Z, Fang C, Liu X, Liu Y, Li M, Yuan Y, Han Z, Wang C, Zhang T, Sun C. A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis-based surface display system for developing the T cell-based COVID-19 vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2171233. [PMID: 36785935 PMCID: PMC10012901 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2171233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune escape mutations of SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged frequently, posing a new challenge to weaken the protective efficacy of current vaccines. Thus, the development of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is of great significance for future epidemic prevention and control. We herein reported constructing the attenuated Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) as a bacterial surface display system to carry the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) of SARS-CoV-2. To mimic the native localization on the surface of viral particles, the S or N antigen was fused with truncated PE_PGRS33 protein, which is a transportation component onto the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). The sub-cellular fraction analysis demonstrated that S or N protein was exactly expressed onto the surface (cell wall) of the recombinant M. smegmatis. After the immunization of the M. smegmatis-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate in mice, S or N antigen-specific T cell immune responses were effectively elicited, and the subsets of central memory CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were significantly induced. Further analysis showed that there were some potential cross-reactive CTL epitopes between SARS-CoV-2 and M.smegmatis. Overall, our data provided insights that M. smegmatis-based bacterial surface display system could be a suitable vector for developing T cell-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cuiting Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinglai Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minchao Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zirong Han
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
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Kim BJ, Jeong H, Seo H, Lee MH, Shin HM, Kim BJ. Recombinant Mycobacterium paragordonae Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain as a Vaccine Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712274. [PMID: 34512635 PMCID: PMC8432291 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, concerns that the recent global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants could compromise the current vaccines have been raised, highlighting the urgent demand for new vaccines capable of eliciting T cell-mediated immune responses, as well as B cell-mediated neutralizing antibody production. In this study, we developed a novel recombinant Mycobacterium paragordonae expressing the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) (rMpg-RBD-7) that is capable of eliciting RBD-specific immune responses in vaccinated mice. The potential use of rMpg-RBD-7 as a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 infections was evaluated in in vivo using mouse models of two different modules, one for single-dose vaccination and the other for two-dose vaccination. In a single-dose vaccination model, we found that rMpg-RBD-7 versus a heat-killed strain could exert an enhanced cell-mediated immune (CMI) response, as well as a humoral immune response capable of neutralizing the RBD and ACE2 interaction. In a two-dose vaccination model, rMpg-RBD-7 in a two-dose vaccination could also exert a stronger CMI and humoral immune response to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 infections in pseudoviral or live virus infection systems, compared to single dose vaccinations of rMpg-RBD or two-dose RBD protein immunization. In conclusion, our data showed that rMpg-RBD-7 can lead to an enhanced CMI response and humoral immune responses in mice vaccinated with both single- or two-dose vaccination, highlighting its feasibility as a novel vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in which mycobacteria is used as a delivery system for a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Jun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyein Jeong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyejun Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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3
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Zulkipli AF, Zakaria NM, Abdikarim MH, Azlan M, Abdullah N, Nor NM, Suppian R. Apoptosis Activity of the Mouse Macrophage Cell Line J774A.1 Infected with a Recombinant BCG consisting the C-Terminus of Merozoite Surface Protein-1 of Plasmodium falciparum. Trop Life Sci Res 2018; 29:53-76. [PMID: 30112141 PMCID: PMC6072725 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2018.29.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage apoptosis exerts an efficient mechanism in controlling intracellular infection during innate immune response against various pathogens including malaria parasites. This study was carried out to determine the apoptosis activity in mouse macrophage cell line J774A.1 infected with a Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) clone and a recombinant BCG clone expressing the C-terminus of merozoite surface protein-1 (BCG-MSP1C) of Plasmodium falciparum for 48 h. In this study, a parent BCG cells was used as a control. The nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342 showed that the BCG-MSP1C cells was capable of increasing the nuclear condensation and morphological stages of apoptosis in the infected cells compared to the BCG-infected cells and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells. The flow cytometric analysis using Annexin-V and Propidium iodide (PI) staining confirmed that the BCG-MSP1C cells significantly increased the percentage of early apoptotic activity in the infected macrophage higher than the one stimulated by the parent BCG cells and LPS. This apoptotic response corresponded with the reduction of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression and higher p53 expression. The colorimetric assay demonstrated that the BCG cells capable of stimulating higher production of caspase-1, -3, -8 and -9 while the BCG-MSP1C cells stimulated the expression of caspase-1 and -9 in the infected macrophages, suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial-mediated (intrinsic) pathway of apoptosis. In conclusion, both the BCG and BCG-MSP1C cells are capable of inducing macrophage apoptosis activity in the mouse macrophage cell line J774A.1. This mechanism is important for the elimination of pathogens such as malaria parasite during the phagocytosis activity of macrophage. However, the BCG-MSP1C cells showed higher apoptosis activity than those produced by the parent BCG cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Fadhilah Zulkipli
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Munirah Zakaria
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Hussein Abdikarim
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Azlan
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurulasma Abdullah
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norazmi Mohd. Nor
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rapeah Suppian
- School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Draper SJ, Angov E, Horii T, Miller LH, Srinivasan P, Theisen M, Biswas S. Recent advances in recombinant protein-based malaria vaccines. Vaccine 2015; 33:7433-43. [PMID: 26458807 PMCID: PMC4687528 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based vaccines remain the cornerstone approach for B cell and antibody induction against leading target malaria antigens. Advances in antigen selection, immunogen design and epitope-focusing are advancing the field. New heterologous expression platforms are enabling cGMP production of next-generation protein vaccines. Next-generation antigens, protein-based immunogens and virus-like particle (VLP) delivery platforms are in clinical development. Protein-based vaccines will form part of a highly effective multi-component/multi-stage/multi-antigen subunit formulation against malaria.
Plasmodium parasites are the causative agent of human malaria, and the development of a highly effective vaccine against infection, disease and transmission remains a key priority. It is widely established that multiple stages of the parasite's complex lifecycle within the human host and mosquito vector are susceptible to vaccine-induced antibodies. The mainstay approach to antibody induction by subunit vaccination has been the delivery of protein antigen formulated in adjuvant. Extensive efforts have been made in this endeavor with respect to malaria vaccine development, especially with regard to target antigen discovery, protein expression platforms, adjuvant testing, and development of soluble and virus-like particle (VLP) delivery platforms. The breadth of approaches to protein-based vaccines is continuing to expand as innovative new concepts in next-generation subunit design are explored, with the prospects for the development of a highly effective multi-component/multi-stage/multi-antigen formulation seeming ever more likely. This review will focus on recent progress in protein vaccine design, development and/or clinical testing for a number of leading malaria antigens from the sporozoite-, merozoite- and sexual-stages of the parasite's lifecycle–including PfCelTOS, PfMSP1, PfAMA1, PfRH5, PfSERA5, PfGLURP, PfMSP3, Pfs48/45 and Pfs25. Future prospects and challenges for the development, production, human delivery and assessment of protein-based malaria vaccines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Draper
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Evelina Angov
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U. S. Military Malaria Research Program, Malaria Vaccine Branch, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Toshihiro Horii
- Department of Molecular Protozoology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 561-873, Japan
| | - Louis H Miller
- Malaria Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Prakash Srinivasan
- Malaria Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Michael Theisen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology, and Microbiology and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sumi Biswas
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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Ng TW, Saavedra-Ávila NA, Kennedy SC, Carreño LJ, Porcelli SA. Current efforts and future prospects in the development of live mycobacteria as vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 14:1493-507. [PMID: 26366616 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1089175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of more effective vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a major goal in the effort to reduce the enormous global burden of disease caused by this pathogen. Whole-cell vaccines based on live mycobacteria with attenuated virulence represent an appealing approach, providing broad antigen exposure and intrinsic adjuvant properties to prime durable immune responses. However, designing vaccine strains with an optimal balance between attenuation and immunogenicity has proven to be extremely challenging. Recent basic and clinical research efforts have broadened our understanding of Mtb pathogenesis and created numerous new vaccine candidates that have been designed to overcome different aspects of immune evasion by Mtb. In this review, we provide an overview of the current efforts to create improved vaccines against tuberculosis based on modifications of live attenuated mycobacteria. In addition, we discuss the use of such vaccine strains as vectors for stimulating protective immunity against other infectious diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony W Ng
- a 1 Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Microbiology & Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Noemí A Saavedra-Ávila
- a 1 Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Microbiology & Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven C Kennedy
- a 1 Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Microbiology & Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Leandro J Carreño
- a 1 Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Microbiology & Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,b 2 Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Programa Disciplinario de Inmunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Steven A Porcelli
- a 1 Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Microbiology & Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Zheng YQ, Naguib YW, Dong Y, Shi YC, Bou S, Cui Z. Applications of bacillus Calmette–Guerin and recombinant bacillus Calmette–Guerin in vaccine development and tumor immunotherapy. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1068124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-qiang Zheng
- 1Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- 2Pharmaceutics Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yixuan Dong
- 2Pharmaceutics Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yan-chun Shi
- 1Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - Shorgan Bou
- 3National Research Center for Animal Transgenic Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- 1Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
- 2Pharmaceutics Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Stable Expression of Lentiviral Antigens by Quality-Controlled Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vectors. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2015; 22:726-41. [PMID: 25924766 PMCID: PMC4478521 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00075-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The well-established safety profile of the tuberculosis vaccine strain, Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), makes it an attractive vehicle for heterologous expression of antigens from clinically relevant pathogens. However, successful generation of recombinant BCG strains possessing consistent insert expression has encountered challenges in stability. Here, we describe a method for the development of large recombinant BCG accession lots which stably express the lentiviral antigens, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag, using selectable leucine auxotrophic complementation. Successful establishment of vaccine stability stems from stringent quality control criteria which not only screen for highly stable complemented BCG ΔleuCD transformants but also thoroughly characterize postproduction quality. These parameters include consistent production of correctly sized antigen, retention of sequence-pure plasmid DNA, freeze-thaw recovery, enumeration of CFU, and assessment of cellular aggregates. Importantly, these quality assurance procedures were indicative of overall vaccine stability, were predictive for successful antigen expression in subsequent passaging both in vitro and in vivo, and correlated with induction of immune responses in murine models. This study has yielded a quality-controlled BCG ΔleuCD vaccine expressing HIV gp120 that retained stable full-length expression after 10(24)-fold amplification in vitro and following 60 days of growth in mice. A second vaccine lot expressed full-length SIV Gag for >10(68)-fold amplification in vitro and induced potent antigen-specific T cell populations in vaccinated mice. Production of large, well-defined recombinant BCG ΔleuCD lots can allow confidence that vaccine materials for immunogenicity and protection studies are not negatively affected by instability or differences between freshly grown production batches.
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Aghababa H, Mohabati Mobarez A, Khoramabadi N, Behmanesh M, Mahdavi M, Tebianian M, Nejati M. A comparative approach to strategies for cloning, expression, and purification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mycolyl transferase 85B and evaluation of immune responses in BALB/c mice. Mol Biotechnol 2014; 56:487-97. [PMID: 24619477 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-013-9696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein antigens have drawn a lot of attention from investigators working on tuberculosis vaccines. These proteins can be used to improve the immunogenicity of the new generation BCG vaccines or even replace them completely. Recombinant technology is used to insure the production of pure mycobacterial antigens in high quantities. Mycolyl transferase 85B (Ag85B) is a potent, mycobacterial antigen that significantly stimulates immune responses. Since Ag85B is an apolar protein, production of the water-soluble antigen is of interest. In this work, we report a systematic optimization strategy concerning cloning systems and purification methods, aiming at increasing the yield of recombinant Ag85B. Our optimized method resulted in a yield of 8 mg of recombinant Ag85B from 1 liter of induced culture (400 μg/ml) by using pET32a(+), Escherichia coli Rosseta-gami™(DE3) pLysS and a Ni-NTA agarose-based procedure and on-column re-solubilization. The purified recombinant Ag85B showed strong immunostimulating properties by inducing high levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12, and IgG2a in immunized mice, therefore it can effectively be applied in TB vaccine researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Aghababa
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Mohamad D, Suppian R, Mohd Nor N. Immunomodulatory effects of recombinant BCG expressing MSP-1C of Plasmodium falciparum on LPS- or LPS+IFN-γ-stimulated J774A.1 cells. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:1880-6. [PMID: 25424796 DOI: 10.4161/hv.28695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage phagocytosis is the first line of defense of the innate immune system against malaria parasite infection. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of BCG and recombinant BCG (rBCG) strains expressing the C-terminus of the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1C) of Plasmodium falciparum on mouse macrophage cell line J774A.1 in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS + IFN-γ. The rBCG strain significantly enhanced phagocytic activity, production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, nitric oxide (NO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as compared with parental BCG strain, and these activities increased in the presence of LPS and LPS+IFN-γ. Furthermore, the rBCG strain also significantly reduced the macrophage viability as well as the rBCG growth suggesting the involvement of macrophage apoptosis. Taken together, these data indicate that the rBCG strain has an immunomodulatory effect on macrophages, thus strengthen the rational use of rBCG to control malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaniah Mohamad
- a School of Health Sciences; Health Campus; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Kelantan, Malaysia
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Deng YH, He HY, Zhang BS. Evaluation of protective efficacy conferred by a recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG expressing a fusion protein of Ag85A-ESAT-6. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2013; 47:48-56. [PMID: 23357605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously constructed a recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin (rBCG-AE) strain that could express a fused Ag85A-ESAT-6 protein. That study suggested that the rBCG-AE strain was able to induce a higher titer of antibody and elicit a more long-lived and stronger Th1-type cellular immune responses than the parental BCG strain, the rBCG-A strain (i.e., expressing Ag85A), or the rBCG-E strain (i.e., expressing ESAT-6). METHODS In the current study, we further investigated the strain's protective efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv infection in BALB/c mice through evaluating organ bacterial loads, lung histopathology, lung immunohistochemistry, and net weight gain or loss by using conventional BCG, rBCG-A, and rBCG-E as the controls. RESULTS From the 3rd to 9th weeks after the challenge infection, the bacterial counts were significantly lower in tissues (e.g., spleen and lung tissues) in the mice immunized with rBCG-AE than in the control group, but were higher than the counts in the BCG group. The pathological damage in the lung tissues of the rBCG-AE group gradually improved from the 6th to 9th weeks after being infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv, but the score of pathological changes in the rBCG-AE group was obviously higher than the score in the BCG group. There was no difference in the percentage of IFN-γ and iNOS positive cells in the lung tissues of the rBCG-AE and BCG groups. CONCLUSION The results suggest that rBCG-AE can not promote protective efficacy against M. tuberculosis H37Rv infection, compared to the BCG vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hao Deng
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
| | - Hong-Yun He
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Ben-Si Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
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