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Qian J, Li M, Zheng M, Hsu YF. Arabidopsis SSB1, a Mitochondrial Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein, is Involved in ABA Response and Mitochondrial RNA Splicing. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1321-1334. [PMID: 34185867 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A mitochondrion is a semiautonomous organelle that provides energy for life activities and balances plant growth and stress responses. Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates multiple physiological processes, including seed maturation, seed dormancy, stomatal closure and various abiotic stress responses. However, the relationship between mitochondrial activity and the ABA response is unclear. In this study, an Arabidopsis mutant, ssb1-1, was isolated because of its hypersensitivity toward ABA. Assessment results showed that ABA negatively regulates the expression of Arabidopsis SSB1. Mutations in ABA-insensitive 4 (ABI4) and ABI5, genes of key transcription factors involved in ABA-dependent seed dormancy, attenuated the ABA sensitivity of ssb1-1 during germination, suggesting that Arabidopsis SSB1 may act as a regulator in ABA response. Inhibition of endogenous ABA biosynthesis reversed the NaCl-sensitive phenotype of the ssb1-1 mutant, indicating that enhanced ABA biosynthesis is critical for the salinity stress response of ssb1-1. Moreover, compared to that of the wild type, ssb1-1 accumulated more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibited increased sensitivity to the application of exogenous H2O2 during seed germination. SSB1 is also required for mitochondrial RNA splicing, as indicated by the result showing that SSB1 loss of function led to a decreased splicing efficiency of nad1 intron1 and nad2 intron1. Taken together, our data reported here provide insights into a novel role of Arabidopsis SSB1 in ABA signaling and mitochondrial RNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meng Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi-Feng Hsu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Choi SY, Lee JH, Chung AY, Jo Y, Shin JH, Park HC, Kim H, Lopez-Gonzalez R, Ryu JR, Sun W. Prevention of mitochondrial impairment by inhibition of protein phosphatase 1 activity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:888. [PMID: 33087694 PMCID: PMC7578657 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by progressive loss of motor neurons (MNs) and subsequent muscle weakness. These pathological features are associated with numerous cellular changes, including alteration in mitochondrial morphology and function. However, the molecular mechanisms associating mitochondrial structure with ALS pathology are poorly understood. In this study, we found that Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was dephosphorylated in several ALS models, including those with SOD1 and TDP-43 mutations, and the dephosphorylation was mediated by the pathological induction of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activity in these models. Suppression of the PP1-Drp1 cascade effectively prevented ALS-related symptoms, including mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial complex I impairment, axonal degeneration, and cell death, in primary neuronal culture models, iPSC-derived human MNs, and zebrafish models in vivo. These results suggest that modulation of PP1-Drp1 activity may be a therapeutic target for multiple pathological features of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yoen Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 plus, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical school, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ju-Hyun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 plus, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Young Chung
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea
| | - Youhwa Jo
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 plus, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Shin
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 plus, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae Ryun Ryu
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 plus, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 plus, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Assembly of Mitochondrial Complex I Requires the Low-Complexity Protein AMC1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Genetics 2020; 214:895-911. [PMID: 32075865 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.120.303029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex I is the first enzyme involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. With >40 subunits of dual genetic origin, the biogenesis of complex I is highly intricate and poorly understood. We used Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model system to reveal factors involved in complex I biogenesis. Two insertional mutants, displaying a complex I assembly defect characterized by the accumulation of a 700 kDa subcomplex, were analyzed. Genetic analyses showed these mutations were allelic and mapped to the gene AMC1 (Cre16.g688900) encoding a low-complexity protein of unknown function. The complex I assembly and activity in the mutant was restored by complementation with the wild-type gene, confirming AMC1 is required for complex I biogenesis. The N terminus of AMC1 targets a reporter protein to yeast mitochondria, implying that AMC1 resides and functions in the Chlamydomonas mitochondria. Accordingly, in both mutants, loss of AMC1 function results in decreased abundance of the mitochondrial nd4 transcript, which encodes the ND4 membrane subunit of complex I. Loss of ND4 in a mitochondrial nd4 mutant is characterized by a membrane arm assembly defect, similar to that exhibited by loss of AMC1. These results suggest AMC1 is required for the production of mitochondrially-encoded complex I subunits, specifically ND4. We discuss the possible modes of action of AMC1 in mitochondrial gene expression and complex I biogenesis.
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Subrahmanian N, Castonguay AD, Fatnes TA, Hamel PP. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a plant model system to study mitochondrial complex I dysfunction. PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00200. [PMID: 32025618 PMCID: PMC6996877 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I, a proton-pumping NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase, is required for oxidative phosphorylation. However, the contribution of several human mutations to complex I deficiency is poorly understood. The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was utilized to study complex I as, unlike in mammals, mutants with complete loss of the holoenzyme are viable. From a forward genetic screen for complex I-deficient insertional mutants, six mutants exhibiting complex I deficiency with assembly defects were isolated. Chlamydomonas mutants isolated from our screens, lacking the subunits NDUFV2 and NDUFB10, were used to reconstruct and analyze the effect of two human mutations in these subunit-encoding genes. The K209R substitution in NDUFV2, reported in Parkinson's disease patients, did not significantly affect the enzyme activity or assembly. The C107S substitution in the NDUFB10 subunit, reported in a case of fatal infantile cardiomyopathy, is part of a conserved C-(X)11-C motif. The cysteine substitutions, at either one or both positions, still allowed low levels of holoenzyme formation, indicating that this motif is crucial for complex I function but not strictly essential for assembly. We show that the algal mutants provide a simple and useful platform to delineate the consequences of patient mutations on complex I function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Subrahmanian
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Andrew David Castonguay
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Molecular Genetics Graduate ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Thea Aspelund Fatnes
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Present address:
Fürst Medical LaboratoryOsloNorway
| | - Patrice Paul Hamel
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and PharmacologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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Wang Y, Berkowitz O, Selinski J, Xu Y, Hartmann A, Whelan J. Stress responsive mitochondrial proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:28-39. [PMID: 29555593 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade plant mitochondria have emerged as a target, sensor and initiator of signalling cascades to a variety of stress and adverse growth conditions. A combination of various 'omic profiling approaches combined with forward and reverse genetic studies have defined how mitochondria respond to stress and the signalling pathways and regulators of these responses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent and -independent pathways, specific metabolites, complex I dysfunction, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway have been proposed to date. These pathways are regulated by kinases (sucrose non-fermenting response like kinase; cyclin dependent protein kinase E 1) and transcription factors from the abscisic acid-related, WRKY and NAC families. A number of independent studies have revealed that these mitochondrial signalling pathways interact with a variety of phytohormone signalling pathways. While this represents significant progress in the last decade there are more pathways to be uncovered. Post-transcriptional/translational regulation is also a likely determinant of the mitochondrial stress response. Unbiased analyses of the expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins in a variety of stress conditions reveal a modular network exerting a high degree of anterograde control. As abiotic and biotic stresses have significant impact on the yield of important crops such as rice, wheat and barley we will give an outlook of how knowledge gained in Arabidopsis may help to increase crop production and how emerging technologies may contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Dong CJ, Wu AM, Du SJ, Tang K, Wang Y, Liu JY. GhMCS1, the Cotton Orthologue of Human GRIM-19, Is a Subunit of Mitochondrial Complex I and Associated with Cotton Fibre Growth. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162928. [PMID: 27632161 PMCID: PMC5025012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GRIM-19 (Gene associated with Retinoid-Interferon-induced Mortality 19) is a subunit of mitochondrial respiratory complex I in mammalian systems, and it has been demonstrated to be a multifunctional protein involved in the cell cycle, cell motility and innate immunity. However, little is known about the molecular functions of its homologues in plants. Here, we characterised GhMCS1, an orthologue of human GRIM-19 from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and found that it was essential for maintaining complex integrity and mitochondrial function in cotton. GhMCS1 was detected in various cotton tissues, with high levels expressed in developing fibres and flowers and lower levels in leaves, roots and ovules. In fibres at different developmental stages, GhMCS1 expression peaked at 5-15 days post anthesis (dpa) and then decreased at 20 dpa and diminished at 25 dpa. By Western blot analysis, GhMCS1 was observed to be localised to the mitochondria of cotton leaves and to colocalise with complex I. In Arabidopsis, GhMCS1 overexpression enhanced the assembly of complex I and thus respiratory activity, whereas the GhMCS1 homologue (At1g04630) knockdown mutants showed significantly decreased respiratory activities. Furthermore, the mutants presented with some phenotypic changes, such as smaller whole-plant architecture, poorly developed seeds and fewer trichomes. More importantly, in the cotton fibres, both the GhMCS1 transcript and protein levels were correlated with respiratory activity and fibre developmental phase. Our results suggest that GhMCS1, a functional ortholog of the human GRIM-19, is an essential subunit of mitochondrial complex I and is involved in cotton fibre development. The present data may deepen our knowledge on the potential roles of mitochondria in fibre morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Juan Dong
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Jun Du
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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7
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Subrahmanian N, Remacle C, Hamel PP. Plant mitochondrial Complex I composition and assembly: A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1001-14. [PMID: 26801215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the mitochondrial inner membrane, oxidative phosphorylation generates ATP via the operation of several multimeric enzymes. The proton-pumping Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the first and most complicated enzyme required in this process. Complex I is an L-shaped enzyme consisting of more than 40 subunits, one FMN molecule and eight Fe-S clusters. In recent years, genetic and proteomic analyses of Complex I mutants in various model systems, including plants, have provided valuable insights into the assembly of this multimeric enzyme. Assisted by a number of key players, referred to as "assembly factors", the assembly of Complex I takes place in a sequential and modular manner. Although a number of factors have been identified, their precise function in mediating Complex I assembly still remains to be elucidated. This review summarizes our current knowledge of plant Complex I composition and assembly derived from studies in plant model systems such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Complex I is highly conserved and comprises a significant number of subunits also present in mammalian and fungal Complexes I. Plant Complex I also contains additional subunits absent from the mammalian and fungal counterpart, whose function in enzyme activity and assembly is not clearly understood. While 14 assembly factors have been identified for human Complex I, only two proteins, namely GLDH and INDH, have been established as bona fide assembly factors for plant Complex I. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Respiratory complex I, edited by Volker Zickermann and Ulrich Brandt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Subrahmanian
- The Ohio State University, Department of Molecular Genetics, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, 318 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Claire Remacle
- Institute of Botany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrice Paul Hamel
- The Ohio State University, Department of Molecular Genetics, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, 318 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University, Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, 318 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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8
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Massive gene loss in mistletoe (Viscum, Viscaceae) mitochondria. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17588. [PMID: 26625950 PMCID: PMC4667250 DOI: 10.1038/srep17588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasitism is a successful survival strategy across all kingdoms and has evolved repeatedly in angiosperms. Parasitic plants obtain nutrients from other plants and some are agricultural pests. Obligate parasites, which cannot complete their lifecycle without a host, may lack functional photosystems (holoparasites), or have retained photosynthesis (hemiparasites). Plastid genomes are often reduced in parasites, but complete mitochondrial genomes have not been sequenced and their mitochondrial respiratory capacities are largely unknown. The hemiparasitic European mistletoe (Viscum album), known from folklore and postulated therapeutic properties, is a pest in plantations and forestry. We compare the mitochondrial genomes of three Viscum species based on the complete mitochondrial genome of V. album, the first from a parasitic plant. We show that mitochondrial genes encoding proteins of all respiratory complexes are lacking or pseudogenized raising several questions relevant to all parasitic plants: Are any mitochondrial gene functions essential? Do any genes need to be located in the mitochondrial genome or can they all be transferred to the nucleus? Can parasitic plants survive without oxidative phosphorylation by using alternative respiratory pathways? More generally, our study is a step towards understanding how host- and self-perception, host integration and nucleic acid transfer has modified ancestral mitochondrial genomes.
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Massoz S, Larosa V, Plancke C, Lapaille M, Bailleul B, Pirotte D, Radoux M, Leprince P, Coosemans N, Matagne RF, Remacle C, Cardol P. Inactivation of genes coding for mitochondrial Nd7 and Nd9 complex I subunits in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Impact of complex I loss on respiration and energetic metabolism. Mitochondrion 2014; 19 Pt B:365-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Braun HP, Binder S, Brennicke A, Eubel H, Fernie AR, Finkemeier I, Klodmann J, König AC, Kühn K, Meyer E, Obata T, Schwarzländer M, Takenaka M, Zehrmann A. The life of plant mitochondrial complex I. Mitochondrion 2014; 19 Pt B:295-313. [PMID: 24561573 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase complex (complex I) of the respiratory chain has several remarkable features in plants: (i) particularly many of its subunits are encoded by the mitochondrial genome, (ii) its mitochondrial transcripts undergo extensive maturation processes (e.g. RNA editing, trans-splicing), (iii) its assembly follows unique routes, (iv) it includes an additional functional domain which contains carbonic anhydrases and (v) it is, indirectly, involved in photosynthesis. Comprising about 50 distinct protein subunits, complex I of plants is very large. However, an even larger number of proteins are required to synthesize these subunits and assemble the enzyme complex. This review aims to follow the complete "life cycle" of plant complex I from various molecular perspectives. We provide arguments that complex I represents an ideal model system for studying the interplay of respiration and photosynthesis, the cooperation of mitochondria and the nucleus during organelle biogenesis and the evolution of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Braun
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stefan Binder
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Axel Brennicke
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Holger Eubel
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Plant Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Grosshadernerstr. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jennifer Klodmann
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine König
- Plant Sciences, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Grosshadernerstr. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kristina Kühn
- Institut für Biologie/Molekulare Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Etienne Meyer
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Toshihiro Obata
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- INRES - Chemical Signalling, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mizuki Takenaka
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anja Zehrmann
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
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Novel insights into the role of Neurospora crassa NDUFAF2, an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial complex I assembly factor. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:2623-34. [PMID: 23648483 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01476-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex I deficiency is commonly associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation diseases. Mutations in nuclear genes encoding structural subunits or assembly factors of complex I have been increasingly identified as the cause of the diseases. One such factor, NDUFAF2, is a paralog of the NDUFA12 structural subunit of the enzyme, but the mechanism by which it exerts its function remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that the Neurospora crassa NDUFAF2 homologue, the 13.4 L protein, is a late assembly factor that associates with complex I assembly intermediates containing the membrane arm and the connecting part but lacking the N module of the enzyme. Furthermore, we provide evidence that dissociation of the assembly factor is dependent on the incorporation of the putative regulatory module composed of the subunits of 13.4 (NDUFA12), 18.4 (NDUFS6), and 21 (NDUFS4) kDa. Our results demonstrate that the 13.4 L protein is a complex I assembly factor functionally conserved from fungi to mammals.
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Peters K, Belt K, Braun HP. 3D Gel Map of Arabidopsis Complex I. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:153. [PMID: 23761796 PMCID: PMC3671202 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Complex I has a unique structure in plants and includes extra subunits. Here, we present a novel study to define its protein constituents. Mitochondria were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures, leaves, and roots. Subunits of complex I were resolved by 3D blue-native (BN)/SDS/SDS-PAGE and identified by mass spectrometry. Overall, 55 distinct proteins were found, seven of which occur in pairs of isoforms. We present evidence that Arabidopsis complex I consists of 49 distinct types of subunits, 40 of which represent homologs of bovine complex I. The nine other subunits represent special proteins absent in the animal linage of eukaryotes, most prominently a group of subunits related to bacterial gamma-type carbonic anhydrases. A GelMap http://www.gelmap.de/arabidopsis-3d-complex-i/ is presented for promoting future complex I research in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Peters
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Belt
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Hans-Peter Braun, Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany e-mail:
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Genome-wide transcriptome profiling of ROS scavenging and signal transduction pathways in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to different types of ionizing radiation. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:11231-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Chen Q, Zeng Y, Wang H, Yang L, Yang Y, Zhu H, Shi Y, Chen W, Hu Y. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of NDUFS4 gene in m. longissimus dorsi of Laiwu pig (Sus scrofa). Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:1599-608. [PMID: 23073781 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To study the molecular basis of intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, suppression subtractive hybridization was used to investigate the differences in gene expression between m. longissimus dorsi (LD) of high IMF Laiwu pig group and low IMF Laiwu pig group. From two specific subtractive cDNA libraries, the expression-upregulated clone HL-27 was selected by reverse Northern high-density blot, and then identified to be pig mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4 (NDUFS4). Pig NDUFS4 full-length cDNA was cloned by RACE, and contains a 528 bp-open reading frame (ORF) encoding 175 amino acid residues. The derived amino acid sequence of NDUFS4 is well conserved compared with NDUFS4 of various species with higher degree of sequence similarity with other mammalian (86.3-92.6 %) than amphibian, aves, and fishes (70.2-81.1 %), and contains one N-linked glycosylation site, one O-linked glycosylation site, seven Ser phosphorylation sites and five Thr phosphorylation sites. A-G mutation was found at nt 122 site of ORF between Laiwu pig and Large White, which results in the K-R mutation at 41 site of protein sequence. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that the level of NDUFS4 mRNA expression was higher in high IMF Laiwu pig group than in low IMF Laiwu pig group, and in Laiwu pig than in Large White. The tissue expression of the pig NDUFS4 gene showed a tissue-specific pattern: highly expressed in LD muscle, spleen and kidney, but hardly expressed in lung, stomach and large intestine. The possible role of NDUFS4 and its relation to IMF deposition are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
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15
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Changes in hepatic protein expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats suggest early stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Proteomics 2012; 75:1752-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Schertl P, Sunderhaus S, Klodmann J, Grozeff GEG, Bartoli CG, Braun HP. L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) forms part of three subcomplexes of mitochondrial complex I in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:14412-9. [PMID: 22378782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.305144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) catalyzes the terminal step of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway for vitamin C (l-ascorbate) biosynthesis in plants. A GLDH in gel activity assay was developed to biochemically investigate GLDH localization in plant mitochondria. It previously has been shown that GLDH forms part of an 850-kDa complex that represents a minor form of the respiratory NADH dehydrogenase complex (complex I). Because accumulation of complex I is disturbed in the absence of GLDH, a role of this enzyme in complex I assembly has been proposed. Here we report that GLDH is associated with two further protein complexes. Using native gel electrophoresis procedures in combination with the in gel GLDH activity assay and immunoblotting, two mitochondrial complexes of 470 and 420 kDa were identified. Both complexes are of very low abundance. Protein identifications by mass spectrometry revealed that they include subunits of complex I. Finally, the 850-kDa complex was further investigated and shown to include the complete "peripheral arm" of complex I. GLDH is attached to a membrane domain, which represents a major fragment of the "membrane arm" of complex I. Taken together, our data further support a role of GLDH during complex I formation, which is based on its binding to specific assembly intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schertl
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Abteilung Pflanzenproteomik, Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
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17
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De Rasmo D, Signorile A, Larizza M, Pacelli C, Cocco T, Papa S. Activation of the cAMP cascade in human fibroblast cultures rescues the activity of oxidatively damaged complex I. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:757-64. [PMID: 22198267 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A study of the relationship between cAMP/PKA-dependent phosphorylation and oxidative damage of subunits of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain is presented. It is shown that, in fibroblast cultures, PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the NDUFS4 subunit of complex I rescues the activity of the oxidatively damaged complex. Evidence is presented showing that this effect is mediated by phosphorylation-dependent exchange of carbonylated NDUFS4 subunit in the assembled complex with the de novo synthesized subunit. These results indicate a potential use for β-adrenoceptor agonists in preventing/reversing the detrimental effects of oxidative stress in the mitochondrial respiratory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico De Rasmo
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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18
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Papa S, Martino PL, Capitanio G, Gaballo A, De Rasmo D, Signorile A, Petruzzella V. The oxidative phosphorylation system in mammalian mitochondria. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 942:3-37. [PMID: 22399416 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2869-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The chapter provides a review of the state of art of the oxidative phosphorylation system in mammalian mitochondria. The sections of the paper deal with: (i) the respiratory chain as a whole: redox centers of the chain and protonic coupling in oxidative phosphorylation (ii) atomic structure and functional mechanism of protonmotive complexes I, III, IV and V of the oxidative phosphorylation system (iii) biogenesis of oxidative phosphorylation complexes: mitochondrial import of nuclear encoded subunits, assembly of oxidative phosphorylation complexes, transcriptional factors controlling biogenesis of the complexes. This advanced knowledge of the structure, functional mechanism and biogenesis of the oxidative phosphorylation system provides a background to understand the pathological impact of genetic and acquired dysfunctions of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Papa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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19
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Assembly Factors of Human Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complexes: Physiology and Pathophysiology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 748:65-106. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3573-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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The mitochondrial respiratory chain has a critical role in the antiviral process in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis. J Transl Med 2012; 92:125-34. [PMID: 21968812 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2011.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-established differences in Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) elimination in resistant C57BL/6 and permissive A.SW/SnJ mice provide suitable models for studying the significance of the link between mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC), antioxidative stress components and mitochondrion-related apoptosis in the context of myocardial virus elimination. Distinct myocardial CVB3 titer in C57BL/6 (2.5 ± 1.4 × 10(4) plaque-forming units (p.f.u.)/g tissue) and A.SW/SnJ mice (1.4 ± 0.8 × 10(7) p.f.u./g) were associated with differences in the cardiac mitochondrial function 8 days post infection (p.i.). Infected C57BL/6 mouse hearts disclosed increased complex I (CI) and CIII activity, but restricted CII and normal CIV activity of RC. Reduced expression of the antioxidative catalase was accompanied by elevated lipid peroxidation (LPO), indicating oxidative stress. Intrinsic apoptosis was activated demonstrated by elevated levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 3 and DNA degradation. In contrast, all myocardial RC complex activities were restricted in CVB3-infected A.SW/SnJ mice. The antioxidative system provided sufficient protection against oxidative stress shown by an elevated catalase expression and unaltered LPO. Bax and Bcl-2 levels were unchanged in CVB3-infected A.SW/SnJ mice, while caspase 3 was moderately increased but no DNA degradation was detectable. Correlation analyses including data from the two mouse strains revealed that reduced CVB3 titer correlated with increased CI and CIII activity, oxidative stress as well as active apoptosis during acute myocarditis (MC). C57BL/6 mice completely eliminated CVB3 and inflammation and normalized all intracellular parameters, while A.SW/SnJ mice showed permanently restricted CI activity in chronic MC 90 days p.i., at which time the replicating virus was no longer detectable but immunological processes were still active. Consequently, the regulation of energy metabolism appears crucial for an effective virus elimination and may be of prognostic and therapeutic significance for patients with virus-induced MC.
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21
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Enigmatic presence of mitochondrial complex I in Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2011; 11:183-93. [PMID: 22158713 DOI: 10.1128/ec.05282-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of mitochondrial respiratory complex I in the pathogenic bloodstream stages of Trypanosoma brucei has been vigorously debated: increased expression of mitochondrially encoded functional complex I mRNAs is countered by low levels of enzymatic activity that show marginal inhibition by the specific inhibitor rotenone. We now show that epitope-tagged versions of multiple complex I subunits assemble into α and β subcomplexes in the bloodstream stage and that these subcomplexes require the mitochondrial genome for their assembly. Despite the presence of these large (740- and 855-kDa) multisubunit complexes, the electron transport activity of complex I is not essential under experimental conditions since null mutants of two core genes (NUBM and NUKM) showed no growth defect in vitro or in mouse infection. Furthermore, the null mutants showed no decrease in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity, suggesting that the observed activity is not contributed by complex I. This work conclusively shows that despite the synthesis and assembly of subunit proteins, the enzymatic function of the largest respiratory complex is neither significant nor important in the bloodstream stage. This situation appears to be in striking contrast to that for the other respiratory complexes in this parasite, where physical presence in a life-cycle stage always indicates functional significance.
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22
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Mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) in eukaryotes: A highly conserved subunit composition highlighted by mining of protein databases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:1390-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Papa S, Rasmo DD, Technikova-Dobrova Z, Panelli D, Signorile A, Scacco S, Petruzzella V, Papa F, Palmisano G, Gnoni A, Micelli L, Sardanelli AM. Respiratory chain complex I, a main regulatory target of the cAMP/PKA pathway is defective in different human diseases. FEBS Lett 2011; 586:568-77. [PMID: 21945319 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain has 31 supernumerary subunits in addition to the 14 conserved from prokaryotes to humans. Multiplicity of structural protein components, as well as of biogenesis factors, makes complex I a sensible pace-maker of mitochondrial respiration. The work reviewed here shows that the cAMP/PKA pathway regulates the biogenesis, assembly and catalytic activity of complex I and mitochondrial oxygen superoxide production. The structural, functional and regulatory complexity of complex I, renders it particularly vulnerable to genetic and sporadic pathological factors. Complex I dysfunction has, indeed, been found, to be associated with several human diseases. Knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases can help to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Papa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
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24
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Understanding mitochondrial complex I assembly in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1817:851-62. [PMID: 21924235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the largest multimeric enzyme complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which is responsible for electron transport and the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane to drive ATP production. Eukaryotic complex I consists of 14 conserved subunits, which are homologous to the bacterial subunits, and more than 26 accessory subunits. In mammals, complex I consists of 45 subunits, which must be assembled correctly to form the properly functioning mature complex. Complex I dysfunction is the most common oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disorder in humans and defects in the complex I assembly process are often observed. This assembly process has been difficult to characterize because of its large size, the lack of a high resolution structure for complex I, and its dual control by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. However, in recent years, some of the atomic structure of the complex has been resolved and new insights into complex I assembly have been generated. Furthermore, a number of proteins have been identified as assembly factors for complex I biogenesis and many patients carrying mutations in genes associated with complex I deficiency and mitochondrial diseases have been discovered. Here, we review the current knowledge of the eukaryotic complex I assembly process and new insights from the identification of novel assembly factors. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biogenesis/Assembly of Respiratory Enzyme Complexes.
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25
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Kühn K, Carrie C, Giraud E, Wang Y, Meyer EH, Narsai R, des Francs-Small CC, Zhang B, Murcha MW, Whelan J. The RCC1 family protein RUG3 is required for splicing of nad2 and complex I biogenesis in mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 67:1067-80. [PMID: 21623974 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04658.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We have identified a mitochondrial protein (RUG3) that is required for accumulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. RUG3 is related to human REGULATOR OF CHROMOSOME CONDENSATION 1 (RCC1) and Arabidopsis UV-B RESISTANCE 8 (UVR8). Although the family of RCC1-like proteins in Arabidopsis has over 20 members, UVR8 is the sole plant representative of this family to have been functionally characterized. Mitochondria from Arabidopsis plants lacking a functional RUG3 gene showed greatly reduced complex I abundance and activity. In contrast, accumulation of complexes III, IV and V of the oxidative phosphorylation system and the capacity for succinate-dependent respiration were unaffected. A comprehensive study of processes contributing to complex I biogenesis in rug3 mutants revealed that RUG3 is required for efficient splicing of the nad2 mRNA, which encodes a complex I subunit. A comparison of the formation of complex I assembly intermediates between rug3 and wild type mitochondria indicated that NAD2 enters the assembly pathway at an early stage. Remarkably, rug3 mutants displayed increased capacities for import of nucleus-encoded mitochondrial proteins into the organelle and showed moderately increased mitochondrial transcript levels. This observation is consistent with global transcript changes indicating enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in the rug3 mutant in response to the complex I defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kühn
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, M316, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.
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26
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Klodmann J, Braun HP. Proteomic approach to characterize mitochondrial complex I from plants. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2011; 72:1071-80. [PMID: 21167537 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase complex (complex I) is by far the largest protein complex of the respiratory chain. It is best characterized for bovine mitochondria and known to consist of 45 different subunits in this species. Proteomic analyses recently allowed for the first time to systematically explore complex I from plants. The enzyme is especially large and includes numerous extra subunits. Upon subunit separation by various gel electrophoresis procedures and protein identifications by mass spectrometry, overall 47 distinct types of proteins were found to form part of Arabidopsis complex I. An additional subunit, ND4L, is present but could not be detected by the procedures employed due to its extreme biochemical properties. Seven of the 48 subunits occur in pairs of isoforms, six of which were experimentally proven. Fifteen subunits of complex I from Arabidopsis are specific for plants. Some of these resemble enzymes of known functions, e.g. carbonic anhydrases and l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH), which catalyzes the last step of ascorbate biosynthesis. This article aims to review proteomic data on the protein composition of complex I in plants. Furthermore, a proteomic re-evaluation on its protein constituents is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Klodmann
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
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27
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A forward genetic screen identifies mutants deficient for mitochondrial complex I assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Genetics 2011; 188:349-58. [PMID: 21467570 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.111.128827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I is the largest multimeric enzyme of the respiratory chain. The lack of a model system with facile genetics has limited the molecular dissection of complex I assembly. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as an experimental system to screen for complex I defects, we isolated, via forward genetics, amc1-7 nuclear mutants (for assembly of mitochondrial complex I) displaying reduced or no complex I activity. Blue native (BN)-PAGE and immunoblot analyses revealed that amc3 and amc4 accumulate reduced levels of the complex I holoenzyme (950 kDa) while all other amc mutants fail to accumulate a mature complex. In amc1, -2, -5-7, the detection of a 700 kDa subcomplex retaining NADH dehydrogenase activity indicates an arrest in the assembly process. Genetic analyses established that amc5 and amc7 are alleles of the same locus while amc1-4 and amc6 define distinct complementation groups. The locus defined by the amc5 and amc7 alleles corresponds to the NUOB10 gene, encoding PDSW, a subunit of the membrane arm of complex I. This is the first report of a forward genetic screen yielding the isolation of complex I mutants. This work illustrates the potential of using Chlamydomonas as a genetically tractable organism to decipher complex I manufacture.
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28
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Allen G, Bromley M, Kaye SJ, Keszenman-Pereyra D, Zucchi TD, Price J, Birch M, Oliver JD, Turner G. Functional analysis of a mitochondrial phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase) gene pptB in Aspergillus fumigatus. Fungal Genet Biol 2011; 48:456-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2010.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Alendé N, Nielsen JE, Shields DC, Khaldi N. Evolution of the isoelectric point of mammalian proteins as a consequence of indels and adaptive evolution. Proteins 2011; 79:1635-48. [PMID: 21387414 DOI: 10.1002/prot.22990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Although important shifts in the isoelectric point of prokaryotic proteins, mainly due to adaptation to environmental pH, have been widely reported, such studies have not covered mammalian proteins, where pH changes may relate to changes in subcellular or tissue compartmentalization. We explored the isoelectric point of the proteome of 13 mammalian species. We detected proteins that have shifted their pI the most among 13 mammalian species, and investigated if these differences reflect adaptations of the orthologous proteins to different conditions. We find that proteins exhibiting a high isoelectric point change are enriched in certain GO terms, including immune defense, and mitochondrial proteins. We show that the shift in pI between orthologous proteins is not strongly associated with the overall rate of protein evolution, nor with protein length. Our results reveal that insertions/deletions are the main reason behind the shift of pI. However, for some proteins we find evidence of selection shifting the pI of the protein through amino acid replacement. Finally, we argue that shifts in pI might relate to the gain of additional activities, such as new interacting partners, in one ortholog as opposed to the other, and may potentially relate to functional differences between mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Alendé
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
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30
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De Rasmo D, Signorile A, Papa F, Roca E, Papa S. cAMP/Ca2+ response element-binding protein plays a central role in the biogenesis of respiratory chain proteins in mammalian cells. IUBMB Life 2010; 62:447-52. [PMID: 20503437 DOI: 10.1002/iub.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis by various agents involves cAMP and Ca(2+)-mediated signal transduction pathways. Recruitment of these pathways results in phosphorylation by cAMP and Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases of cAMP/Ca(2+) response element-binding protein (CREB). Phosphorylation of CREB, bound to transcriptional complexes of target genes, activates a down-stream cascade of transcriptional complexes, which involve in sequence, the nuclear factors TORCs, PGC-1, NRF1 and NRF2, and the mitochondrial factor mitochondrial transcriptional factor A. CREB also binds directly to the D-loop of mitochondrial DNA and activates its expression. Activation of this network of transcriptional complexes results in concerted promotion of the expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes encoding subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico De Rasmo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, University of Bari, P.zza G. Cesare, 70124 Bari, Italy
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31
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Terauchi AM, Peers G, Kobayashi MC, Niyogi KK, Merchant SS. Trophic status of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii influences the impact of iron deficiency on photosynthesis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2010; 105:39-49. [PMID: 20535560 PMCID: PMC2885298 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-010-9562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of iron deficiency on bioenergetic pathways in Chlamydomonas, we compared growth rates, iron content, and photosynthetic parameters systematically in acetate versus CO(2)-grown cells. Acetate-grown cells have, predictably (2-fold) greater abundance of respiration components but also, counter-intuitively, more chlorophyll on a per cell basis. We found that phototrophic cells are less impacted by iron deficiency and this correlates with their higher iron content on a per cell basis, suggesting a greater capacity/ability for iron assimilation in this metabolic state. Phototrophic cells maintain both photosynthetic and respiratory function and their associated Fe-containing proteins in conditions where heterotrophic cells lose photosynthetic capacity and have reduced oxygen evolution activity. Maintenance of NPQ capacity might contribute to protection of the photosynthetic apparatus in iron-limited phototrophic cells. Acetate-grown iron-limited cells maintain high growth rates by suppressing photosynthesis but increasing instead respiration. These cells are also able to maintain a reduced plastoquinone pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee M. Terauchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Graham Peers
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102 USA
| | - Marilyn C. Kobayashi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102 USA
| | - Krishna K. Niyogi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102 USA
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Sabeeha S. Merchant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 USA
- Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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32
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Koopman WJH, Nijtmans LGJ, Dieteren CEJ, Roestenberg P, Valsecchi F, Smeitink JAM, Willems PHGM. Mammalian mitochondrial complex I: biogenesis, regulation, and reactive oxygen species generation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:1431-70. [PMID: 19803744 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Virtually every mammalian cell contains mitochondria. These double-membrane organelles continuously change shape and position and contain the complete metabolic machinery for the oxidative conversion of pyruvate, fatty acids, and amino acids into ATP. Mitochondria are crucially involved in cellular Ca2+ and redox homeostasis and apoptosis induction. Maintenance of mitochondrial function and integrity requires an inside-negative potential difference across the mitochondrial inner membrane. This potential is sustained by the electron-transport chain (ETC). NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I (CI), the first and largest protein complex of the ETC, couples the oxidation of NADH to the reduction of ubiquinone. During this process, electrons can escape from CI and react with ambient oxygen to produce superoxide and derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Depending on the balance between their production and removal by antioxidant systems, ROS may function as signaling molecules or induce damage to a variety of biomolecules or both. The latter ultimately leads to a loss of mitochondrial and cellular function and integrity. In this review, we discuss (a) the role of CI in mitochondrial functioning; (b) the composition, structure, and biogenesis of CI; (c) regulation of CI function; (d) the role of CI in ROS generation; and (e) adaptive responses to CI deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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33
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Carilla-Latorre S, Gallardo ME, Annesley SJ, Calvo-Garrido J, Graña O, Accari SL, Smith PK, Valencia A, Garesse R, Fisher PR, Escalante R. MidA is a putative methyltransferase that is required for mitochondrial complex I function. J Cell Sci 2010; 123:1674-83. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.066076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dictyostelium and human MidA are homologous proteins that belong to a family of proteins of unknown function called DUF185. Using yeast two-hybrid screening and pull-down experiments, we showed that both proteins interact with the mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFS2. Consistent with this, Dictyostelium cells lacking MidA showed a specific defect in complex I activity, and knockdown of human MidA in HEK293T cells resulted in reduced levels of assembled complex I. These results indicate a role for MidA in complex I assembly or stability. A structural bioinformatics analysis suggested the presence of a methyltransferase domain; this was further supported by site-directed mutagenesis of specific residues from the putative catalytic site. Interestingly, this complex I deficiency in a Dictyostelium midA− mutant causes a complex phenotypic outcome, which includes phototaxis and thermotaxis defects. We found that these aspects of the phenotype are mediated by a chronic activation of AMPK, revealing a possible role of AMPK signaling in complex I cytopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Carilla-Latorre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Esther Gallardo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarah J. Annesley
- Department of Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Javier Calvo-Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña
- O. G., Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Program, A. V., Structural Computational Biology Group, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, C/ Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra L. Accari
- Department of Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Paige K. Smith
- Department of Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- O. G., Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Program, A. V., Structural Computational Biology Group, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, C/ Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Garesse
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul R. Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Ricardo Escalante
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Leshinsky-Silver E, Lev D, Malinger G, Shapira D, Cohen S, Lerman-Sagie T, Saada A. Leigh disease presenting in utero due to a novel missense mutation in the mitochondrial DNA-ND3. Mol Genet Metab 2010; 100:65-70. [PMID: 20202874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome can be caused by defects in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes involved in energy metabolism. Recently, an increasing number of mutations in mitochondrial DNA encoding regions, especially in NADH dehydrogenase (respiratory chain complex I) subunits, have been reported as causative of early onset Leigh syndrome. We describe a patient whose fetal brain ultrasound demonstrated periventricular pseudocyst suggestive of a possible mitochondrial disorder who presented postnatally with Leigh syndrome. A muscle biopsy demonstrated a partial decrease in complex I and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH-E1 alpha) activity. Sequencing of the PDH-E1 alpha gene did not reveal any mutation. Sequencing of the mtDNA revealed a novel heteroplasmic G10254A (D66N) mutation in the ND3 gene. This change results in a substitution of aspartic acid to asparagine in a highly conserved domain of the ND3 subunit. The mutation could not be detected in the mother's blood or urine sediment. Blue native gel electrophoresis of muscle mitochondria revealed a normal size, albeit a decreased level of complex I. The G10254A substitution in the mtDNA-ND3 gene is another cause of maternally inherited Leigh syndrome. This case demonstrates that periventricular pseudocysts may be the initial in utero presentation in patients with mitochondrial disorders. We emphasize the importance of screening the mtDNA in pediatric patients as the first step in molecular diagnosis of Leigh syndrome.
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Lenaz G, Genova ML. Structure and organization of mitochondrial respiratory complexes: a new understanding of an old subject. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:961-1008. [PMID: 19739941 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain have been extensively investigated in their structural and functional properties. A clear distinction is possible today between three complexes in which the difference in redox potential allows proton translocation (complexes I, III, and IV) and those having the mere function to convey electrons to the respiratory chain. We also have a clearer understanding of the structure and function of most respiratory complexes, of their biogenesis and regulation, and of their capacity to generate reactive oxygen species. Past investigations led to the conclusion that the complexes are randomly dispersed and functionally connected by diffusion of smaller redox components, coenzyme Q and cytochrome c. More-recent investigations by native gel electrophoresis and single-particle image processing showed the existence of supramolecular associations. Flux-control analysis demonstrated that complexes I and III in mammals and I, III, and IV in plants kinetically behave as single units, suggesting the existence of substrate channeling. This review discusses conditions affecting the formation of supercomplexes that, besides kinetic advantage, have a role in the stability and assembly of the individual complexes and in preventing excess oxygen radical formation. Disruption of supercomplex organization may lead to functional derangements responsible for pathologic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Lenaz
- Dipartimento di Biochimica "G. Moruzzi," Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Fritz-Laylin LK, Prochnik SE, Ginger ML, Dacks JB, Carpenter ML, Field MC, Kuo A, Paredez A, Chapman J, Pham J, Shu S, Neupane R, Cipriano M, Mancuso J, Tu H, Salamov A, Lindquist E, Shapiro H, Lucas S, Grigoriev IV, Cande WZ, Fulton C, Rokhsar DS, Dawson SC. The genome of Naegleria gruberi illuminates early eukaryotic versatility. Cell 2010; 140:631-42. [PMID: 20211133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genome sequences of diverse free-living protists are essential for understanding eukaryotic evolution and molecular and cell biology. The free-living amoeboflagellate Naegleria gruberi belongs to a varied and ubiquitous protist clade (Heterolobosea) that diverged from other eukaryotic lineages over a billion years ago. Analysis of the 15,727 protein-coding genes encoded by Naegleria's 41 Mb nuclear genome indicates a capacity for both aerobic respiration and anaerobic metabolism with concomitant hydrogen production, with fundamental implications for the evolution of organelle metabolism. The Naegleria genome facilitates substantially broader phylogenomic comparisons of free-living eukaryotes than previously possible, allowing us to identify thousands of genes likely present in the pan-eukaryotic ancestor, with 40% likely eukaryotic inventions. Moreover, we construct a comprehensive catalog of amoeboid-motility genes. The Naegleria genome, analyzed in the context of other protists, reveals a remarkably complex ancestral eukaryote with a rich repertoire of cytoskeletal, sexual, signaling, and metabolic modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian K Fritz-Laylin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Papa S, Scacco S, De Rasmo D, Signorile A, Papa F, Panelli D, Nicastro A, Scaringi R, Santeramo A, Roca E, Trentadue R, Larizza M. cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulates post-translational processing and expression of complex I subunits in mammalian cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2010; 1797:649-58. [PMID: 20303927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Work is presented on the role of cAMP-dependent protein phosphorylation in post-translational processing and biosynthesis of complex I subunits in mammalian cell cultures. PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the NDUFS4 subunit of complex I promotes in cell cultures in vivo import/maturation in mitochondria of the precursor of this protein. The import promotion appears to be associated with the observed cAMP-dependent stimulation of the catalytic activity of complex I. These effects of PKA are counteracted by activation of protein phosphatase(s). PKA and the transcription factor CREB play a critical role in the biosynthesis of complex I subunits. CREB phosphorylation, by PKA and/or CaMKs, activates at nuclear and mitochondrial level a transcriptional regulatory cascade which promotes the concerted expression of nuclear and mitochondrial encoded subunits of complex I and other respiratory chain proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Papa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Biology and Physics (DIBIFIM), University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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Klodmann J, Sunderhaus S, Nimtz M, Jänsch L, Braun HP. Internal architecture of mitochondrial complex I from Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2010; 22:797-810. [PMID: 20197505 PMCID: PMC2861459 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.109.073726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The NADH dehydrogenase complex (complex I) of the respiratory chain has unique features in plants. It is the main entrance site for electrons into the respiratory electron transfer chain, has a role in maintaining the redox balance of the entire plant cell and additionally comprises enzymatic side activities essential for other metabolic pathways. Here, we present a proteomic investigation to elucidate its internal structure. Arabidopsis thaliana complex I was purified by a gentle biochemical procedure that includes a cytochrome c-mediated depletion of other respiratory protein complexes. To examine its internal subunit arrangement, isolated complex I was dissected into subcomplexes. Controlled disassembly of the holo complex (1000 kD) by low-concentration SDS treatment produced 10 subcomplexes of 550, 450, 370, 270, 240, 210, 160, 140, 140, and 85 kD. Systematic analyses of subunit composition by mass spectrometry gave insights into subunit arrangement within complex I. Overall, Arabidopsis complex I includes at least 49 subunits, 17 of which are unique to plants. Subunits form subcomplexes analogous to the known functional modules of complex I from heterotrophic eukaryotes (the so-called N-, Q-, and P-modules), but also additional modules, most notably an 85-kD domain including gamma-type carbonic anhydrases. Based on topological information for many of its subunits, we present a model of the internal architecture of plant complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Klodmann
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sunderhaus
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Manfred Nimtz
- Proteome Research Group, Division of Cell and Immune Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Proteome Research Group, Division of Cell and Immune Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
- Address correspondence to
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Yun JW, Lee TR, Kim CW, Park YH, Chung JH, Lee YS, Kang KS, Lim KM. Predose Blood Gene Expression Profiles Might Identify the Individuals Susceptible to Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2010; 115:12-21. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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40
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De Rasmo D, Signorile A, Roca E, Papa S. cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is imported into mitochondria and promotes protein synthesis. FEBS J 2009; 276:4325-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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The ARG9 gene encodes the plastid-resident N-acetyl ornithine aminotransferase in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2009; 8:1460-3. [PMID: 19617392 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00108-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the characterization of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gene ARG9, encoding the plastid resident N-acetyl ornithine aminotransferase, which is involved in arginine synthesis. Integration of an engineered ARG9 cassette in the plastid chromosome of the nuclear arg9 mutant restores arginine prototrophy. This suggests that ARG9 could be used as a new selectable marker for plastid transformation.
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Pathogenetic mechanisms in hereditary dysfunctions of complex I of the respiratory chain in neurological diseases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:502-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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43
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Seelert H, Dani DN, Dante S, Hauss T, Krause F, Schäfer E, Frenzel M, Poetsch A, Rexroth S, Schwassmann HJ, Suhai T, Vonck J, Dencher NA. From protons to OXPHOS supercomplexes and Alzheimer's disease: structure-dynamics-function relationships of energy-transducing membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:657-71. [PMID: 19281792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
By the elucidation of high-resolution structures the view of the bioenergetic processes has become more precise. But in the face of these fundamental advances, many problems are still unresolved. We have examined a variety of aspects of energy-transducing membranes from large protein complexes down to the level of protons and functional relevant picosecond protein dynamics. Based on the central role of the ATP synthase for supplying the biological fuel ATP, one main emphasis was put on this protein complex from both chloroplast and mitochondria. In particular the stoichiometry of protons required for the synthesis of one ATP molecule and the supramolecular organisation of ATP synthases were examined. Since formation of supercomplexes also concerns other complexes of the respiratory chain, our work was directed to unravel this kind of organisation, e.g. of the OXPHOS supercomplex I(1)III(2)IV(1), in terms of structure and function. Not only the large protein complexes or supercomplexes work as key players for biological energy conversion, but also small components as quinones which facilitate the transfer of electrons and protons. Therefore, their location in the membrane profile was determined by neutron diffraction. Physico-chemical features of the path of protons from the generators of the electrochemical gradient to the ATP synthase, as well as of their interaction with the membrane surface, could be elucidated by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy in combination with optical pH indicators. Diseases such as Alzheimer's dementia (AD) are triggered by perturbation of membranes and bioenergetics as demonstrated by our neutron scattering studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Seelert
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 22, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Distelmaier F, Koopman WJ, van den Heuvel LP, Rodenburg RJ, Mayatepek E, Willems PH, Smeitink JA. Mitochondrial complex I deficiency: from organelle dysfunction to clinical disease. Brain 2008; 132:833-42. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awp058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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