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Boukharov N, Yuan S, Ruangsirluk W, Ayyadurai S, Rahman A, Rivera-Hernandez M, Sunkara S, Tonini K, Park EYH, Deshpande M, Islam R. Developing Gene Therapy for Mitigating Multisystemic Pathology in Fabry Disease: Proof of Concept in an Aggravated Mouse Model. Hum Gene Ther 2024. [PMID: 38970423 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is a multisystemic lysosomal storage disorder caused by the loss of α-galactosidase A (α-Gal) function. The current standard of care, enzyme replacement therapies, while effective in reducing kidney pathology when treated early, do not fully ameliorate cardiac issues, neuropathic manifestations, and risk of cerebrovascular events. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapies (AAV-GT) can provide superior efficacy across multiple tissues owing to continuous, endogenous production of the therapeutic enzyme and lower treatment burden. We set out to develop a robust AAV-GT to achieve optimal efficacy with the lowest feasible dose to minimize any safety risks that are associated with high-dose AAV-GTs. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the effectiveness of an rAAV9 vector expressing human GLA transgene under a strong ubiquitous promoter, combined with woodchuck hepatitis virus posttranscriptional regulatory element (rAAV9-hGLA). We tested our GT at three different doses, 5e10 vg/kg, 2.5e11 vg/kg, and 6.25e12 vg/kg in the G3Stg/GLAko Fabry mouse model that has tissue Gb3 substrate levels comparable with patients with FD and develops several early FD pathologies. After intravenous injections of rAAV9-hGLA at 11 weeks of age, we observed dose-dependent increases in α-Gal activity in the key target tissues, reaching as high as 393-fold of WT in the kidneys and 6156-fold in the heart at the highest dose. Complete or near-complete substrate clearance was observed in animals treated with the two higher dose levels tested in all tissues except for the brain. We also found dose-dependent improvements in several pathological biomarkers, as well as prevention of structural and functional organ pathology. Taken together, these results indicate that an AAV-GT under a strong ubiquitous promoter has the potential to address the unmet therapeutic needs in patients with FD at relatively low doses.
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Kido J, Sugawara K, Nakamura K. Gene therapy for lysosomal storage diseases: Current clinical trial prospects. Front Genet 2023; 14:1064924. [PMID: 36713078 PMCID: PMC9880060 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1064924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of metabolic inborn errors caused by defective enzymes in the lysosome, resulting in the accumulation of undegraded substrates. LSDs are progressive diseases that exhibit variable rates of progression depending on the disease and the patient. The availability of effective treatment options, including substrate reduction therapy, pharmacological chaperone therapy, enzyme replacement therapy, and bone marrow transplantation, has increased survival time and improved the quality of life in many patients with LSDs. However, these therapies are not sufficiently effective, especially against central nerve system abnormalities and corresponding neurological and psychiatric symptoms because of the blood-brain barrier that prevents the entry of drugs into the brain or limiting features of specific treatments. Gene therapy is a promising tool for the treatment of neurological pathologies associated with LSDs. Here, we review the current state of gene therapy for several LSDs for which clinical trials have been conducted or are planned. Several clinical trials using gene therapy for LSDs are underway as phase 1/2 studies; no adverse events have not been reported in most of these studies. The administration of viral vectors has achieved good therapeutic outcomes in animal models of LSDs, and subsequent human clinical trials are expected to promote the practical application of gene therapy for LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kido
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan,Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan,*Correspondence: Jun Kido,
| | - Keishin Sugawara
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan,Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
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Tomsen-Melero J, Merlo-Mas J, Carreño A, Sala S, Córdoba A, Veciana J, González-Mira E, Ventosa N. Liposomal formulations for treating lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114531. [PMID: 36089182 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are a group of rare life-threatening diseases caused by a lysosomal dysfunction, usually due to the lack of a single enzyme required for the metabolism of macromolecules, which leads to a lysosomal accumulation of specific substrates, resulting in severe disease manifestations and early death. There is currently no definitive cure for LSD, and despite the approval of certain therapies, their effectiveness is limited. Therefore, an appropriate nanocarrier could help improve the efficacy of some of these therapies. Liposomes show excellent properties as drug carriers, because they can entrap active therapeutic compounds offering protection, biocompatibility, and selectivity. Here, we discuss the potential of liposomes for LSD treatment and conduct a detailed analysis of promising liposomal formulations still in the preclinical development stage from various perspectives, including treatment strategy, manufacturing, characterization, and future directions for implementing liposomal formulations for LSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Tomsen-Melero
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | | | - Aida Carreño
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Santi Sala
- Nanomol Technologies SL, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alba Córdoba
- Nanomol Technologies SL, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Elisabet González-Mira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Nora Ventosa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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4
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MPSI Manifestations and Treatment Outcome: Skeletal Focus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911168. [PMID: 36232472 PMCID: PMC9569890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPSI) (OMIM #252800) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the IDUA gene encoding for the lysosomal alpha-L-iduronidase enzyme. The deficiency of this enzyme causes systemic accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Although disease manifestations are typically not apparent at birth, they can present early in life, are progressive, and include a wide spectrum of phenotypic findings. Among these, the storage of GAGs within the lysosomes disrupts cell function and metabolism in the cartilage, thus impairing normal bone development and ossification. Skeletal manifestations of MPSI are often refractory to treatment and severely affect patients’ quality of life. This review discusses the pathological and molecular processes leading to impaired endochondral ossification in MPSI patients and the limitations of current therapeutic approaches. Understanding the underlying mechanisms responsible for the skeletal phenotype in MPSI patients is crucial, as it could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies targeting the skeletal abnormalities of MPSI in the early stages of the disease.
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5
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Lu B, Ku J, Flojo R, Olson C, Bengford D, Marriott G. Exosome- and extracellular vesicle-based approaches for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114465. [PMID: 35878794 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell-generated extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being engineered as biologically-inspired vehicles for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to treat difficult-to-manage human diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Engineered EVs offer distinct advantages for targeted delivery of therapeutics compared to existing synthetic and semi-synthetic nanoscale systems, for example with regard to their biocompatibility, circulation lifetime, efficiencies in delivery of drugs and biologics to target cells, and clearance from the body. Here, we review literature related to the design and preparation of EVs as therapeutic carriers for targeted delivery and therapy of drugs and biologics with a focus on LSDs. First, we introduce the basic pathophysiology of LDSs and summarize current approaches to diagnose and treat LSDs. Second, we will provide specific details about EVs, including subtypes, biogenesis, biological properties and their potential to treat LSDs. Third, we review state-of-the-art approaches to engineer EVs for treatments of LSDs. Finally, we summarize explorative basic research and applied applications of engineered EVs for LSDs, and highlight current challenges, and new directions in developing EV-based therapies and their potential impact on clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Joy Ku
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Renceh Flojo
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Chris Olson
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - David Bengford
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Gerard Marriott
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Wiesinger AM, Bigger B, Giugliani R, Scarpa M, Moser T, Lampe C, Kampmann C, Lagler FB. The Inflammation in the Cytopathology of Patients With Mucopolysaccharidoses- Immunomodulatory Drugs as an Approach to Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863667. [PMID: 35645812 PMCID: PMC9136158 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAG storage-induced inflammatory processes are a driver of cytopathology in MPS and pharmacological immunomodulation can bring improvements in brain, cartilage and bone pathology in rodent models. This manuscript reviews current knowledge with regard to inflammation in MPS patients and provides hypotheses for the therapeutic use of immunomodulators in MPS. Thus, we aim to set the foundation for a rational repurposing of the discussed molecules to minimize the clinical unmet needs still remaining despite enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Wiesinger
- Institute of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna-Maria Wiesinger,
| | - Brian Bigger
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Department of Genetics, Medical Genetics Service and Biodiscovery Laboratory, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Tobias Moser
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christina Lampe
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center of Rare Diseases, University Hospitals Giessen/Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kampmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian B. Lagler
- Institute of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
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Calzoni E, Cesaretti A, Montegiove N, Di Michele A, Pellegrino RM, Emiliani C. HexA-Enzyme Coated Polymer Nanoparticles for the Development of a Drug-Delivery System in the Treatment of Sandhoff Lysosomal Storage Disease. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020037. [PMID: 35466219 PMCID: PMC9036261 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a set of metabolic diseases caused by mutations in genes that are in charge of the production of lysosomal enzymes, resulting in the buildup of non-degraded substrates and the consequent systemic damage that mainly involves the Central Nervous System (CNS). One of the most widely used and studied treatments is Enzyme Replacement Therapy, which is based on the administration of the recombinant deficient enzyme. This strategy has often proved fallacious due to the enzyme instability in body fluids and its inability to reach adequate levels in the CNS. In this work, we developed a system based on nanotechnology that allows a stable enzyme to be obtained by its covalent immobilization on nanoparticles (NPs) of polylactic acid, subsequently administered to a cellular model of LSDs, i.e., Sandhoff disease, caused by the absence or deficiency of the β-d-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase A (HexA) enzyme. The HexA enzymes, loaded onto the polymeric NPs through an immobilization procedure that has already been investigated and validated, were found to be stable over time, maintain optimal kinetic parameters, be able to permeate the plasma membrane, hydrolyze HexA’s natural substrate, and restore enzyme activity close to the levels of healthy cells. These results thus lay the foundation for testing the HexA-NPs in animal models of the disease and thus obtaining an efficient drug-delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Calzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Alessio Cesaretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
- Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7436
| | - Nicolò Montegiove
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Alessandro Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Roberto Maria Pellegrino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
- Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Wang T, Bahrampour M, Byrnes J, Scuffham P, Kirk E, Downes M. Economic evaluation of reproductive carrier screening for recessive genetic conditions: a systematic review. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2021; 22:197-206. [PMID: 34643123 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2022.1993063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autosomal recessive (AR) and x-linked (XL) conditions are rare but collectively common which impact millions of people globally on morbidity, mortality and costs. Advanced medical technologies allow prospective parents to make informed reproductive decisions to avoid having affected children. Economic evaluations targeting on reproductive carrier screening (RCS) for AR and/or XL conditions have been conducted, but there has not been a systematic review in this area. AREAS COVERED A systematic search of economic evaluations for RCS was undertaken using the following databases - EMBASE, MEDLINE and SCOPUS. The search strategy was designed to capture full economic evaluations related to RCS since 1990. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) strategy. The included 23 studies adopted various types of methodologies to conduct economic evaluations. The majority of studies examined a single condition. The various clinical strategies and screened conditions caused the different cost-effectiveness conclusions in the published studies. EXPERT OPINION Establishing a validated and practical clinical strategy of RCS and investigating the cost-effectiveness of multiple conditions in one economic evaluation are critical for implementing RCS in the future. Further economic evaluations are essential to provide evidence-based practice for decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Wang
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Mina Bahrampour
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Joshua Byrnes
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Paul Scuffham
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Edwin Kirk
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia.,New South Wales Health Pathology Randwick Genomics Laboratory, Randwick, Australia
| | - Martin Downes
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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9
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Pediatric rib pathologies: clinicoimaging scenarios and approach to diagnosis. Pediatr Radiol 2021; 51:1783-1797. [PMID: 34117521 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-021-05070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pathologies involving the ribs are diverse in nature, including entities specific to the pediatric population as well as shared pathologies with adults. These can be either localized within or adjacent to the rib, but may also cause rib alteration as a component of a systemic process. To better understand these disorders, we discuss several common rib pathologies in the context of their clinical presentation and pertinent imaging findings. In addition, we review the imaging modalities that may be used to evaluate the ribs. Encompassing both the clinical and imaging aspects of pediatric rib pathologies, this review aims to increase pediatric and musculoskeletal radiologists' awareness of the spectrum of disease and how to leverage a pattern-based approach.
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10
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Calzoni E, Cesaretti A, Montegiove N, Di Michele A, Emiliani C. Enhanced Stability of Long-Living Immobilized Recombinant β-d- N-Acetyl-Hexosaminidase A on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Films for Potential Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:jfb12020032. [PMID: 34064736 PMCID: PMC8162980 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
β-d-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase (Hex, EC 3.2.1.52) is an acid hydrolase that catalyzes the cleavage of the β-1,4 bond in N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (Gal-NAc) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (Glc-NAc) from the non-reducing end of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. It is widely expressed in both the prokaryotic and eukaryotic world, where it performs multiple and important functions. Hex has antifungal activity in plants, is capable of degrading many biological substrates, and can play an important role in the biomedical field for the treatment of Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff diseases. With the aim being able to obtain a device with a stable enzyme, a method of covalent immobilization on polylactic acid (PLA) films was developed for the A isoform of the β-d-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase enzyme (HexA), produced in a recombinant way from Human Embryonic Kidney-293 (HEK-293) cells and suitably purified. An in-depth biochemical characterization of the immobilized enzyme was carried out, evaluating the optimal temperature, thermal stability, pH parameters, and Km value. Moreover, the stability of the enzymatic activity over time was assessed. The results obtained showed an improvement in terms of kinetic parameters and stability to heat for the enzyme following immobilization and the presence of HexA in two distinct immobilized forms, with an unexpected ability for one of them to maintain its functionality for a long period of time (over a year). The stability and functionality of the enzyme in its immobilized form are therefore extremely promising for potential biotechnological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Calzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (C.E.)
| | - Alessio Cesaretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (C.E.)
- Center of Excellence on Innovative Nanostructured Materials—CEMIN, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7436
| | - Nicolò Montegiove
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (C.E.)
| | | | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (N.M.); (C.E.)
- Center of Excellence on Innovative Nanostructured Materials—CEMIN, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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11
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Tomsen-Melero J, Passemard S, García-Aranda N, Díaz-Riascos ZV, González-Rioja R, Nedergaard Pedersen J, Lyngsø J, Merlo-Mas J, Cristóbal-Lecina E, Corchero JL, Pulido D, Cámara-Sánchez P, Portnaya I, Ionita I, Schwartz S, Veciana J, Sala S, Royo M, Córdoba A, Danino D, Pedersen JS, González-Mira E, Abasolo I, Ventosa N. Impact of Chemical Composition on the Nanostructure and Biological Activity of α-Galactosidase-Loaded Nanovesicles for Fabry Disease Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7825-7838. [PMID: 33583172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fabry disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by a deficiency of α-galactosidase A (GLA), a lysosomal hydrolase. The enzyme replacement therapy administering naked GLA shows several drawbacks including poor biodistribution, limited efficacy, and relatively high immunogenicity in Fabry patients. An attractive strategy to overcome these problems is the use of nanocarriers for encapsulating the enzyme. Nanoliposomes functionalized with RGD peptide have already emerged as a good platform to protect and deliver GLA to endothelial cells. However, low colloidal stability and limited enzyme entrapment efficiency could hinder the further pharmaceutical development and the clinical translation of these nanoformulations. Herein, the incorporation of the cationic miristalkonium chloride (MKC) surfactant to RGD nanovesicles is explored, comparing two different nanosystems-quatsomes and hybrid liposomes. In both systems, the positive surface charge introduced by MKC promotes electrostatic interactions between the enzyme and the nanovesicles, improving the loading capacity and colloidal stability. The presence of high MKC content in quatsomes practically abolishes GLA enzymatic activity, while low concentrations of the surfactant in hybrid liposomes stabilize the enzyme without compromising its activity. Moreover, hybrid liposomes show improved efficacy in cell cultures and a good in vitro/in vivo safety profile, ensuring their future preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Tomsen-Melero
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Nanomol Technologies SL, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Solène Passemard
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Aranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Drug Delivery and Targeting, and Functional Validation and Preclinical Research (FVPR), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zamira Vanessa Díaz-Riascos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Drug Delivery and Targeting, and Functional Validation and Preclinical Research (FVPR), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon González-Rioja
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jannik Nedergaard Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lyngsø
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Josep Merlo-Mas
- Nanomol Technologies SL, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Edgar Cristóbal-Lecina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Corchero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Daniel Pulido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Cámara-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Drug Delivery and Targeting, and Functional Validation and Preclinical Research (FVPR), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irina Portnaya
- CryoEM Laboratory of Soft Matter, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Inbal Ionita
- CryoEM Laboratory of Soft Matter, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Simó Schwartz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Drug Delivery and Targeting, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santi Sala
- Nanomol Technologies SL, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miriam Royo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Córdoba
- Nanomol Technologies SL, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Dganit Danino
- CryoEM Laboratory of Soft Matter, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Daxue Road, Shantou 515063, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Elisabet González-Mira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibane Abasolo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Drug Delivery and Targeting, and Functional Validation and Preclinical Research (FVPR), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nora Ventosa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Santi M, Finamore F, Cecchettini A, Santorelli FM, Doccini S, Rocchiccioli S, Signore G. Protein Delivery by Peptide-Based Stealth Liposomes: A Biomolecular Insight into Enzyme Replacement Therapy. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4510-4521. [PMID: 33112630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infantile neural ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by mutations in the CLN1 gene that leads to lack of the lysosomal enzyme palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1), which causes the progressive death of cortical neurons. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is one of the most promising treatments, but its translation toward a clinical use is hampered by the need to deliver the enzyme to the central nervous system and a more detailed understanding of its capability to restore physiologic conditions at the biochemical and protein level, beyond the simple regulation of enzymatic activity. Targeted nanoparticles can promote protein delivery to the central nervous system and affect biological pathways inside cells. Here, we describe an innovative peptide-based stealth nanoparticle that inhibits serum protein adsorption exploiting transferrin-driven internalization to convey the PPT1 enzyme to transferrin receptor-mediated pathways (endocytosis in this work, or transcytosis, in perspective, in vivo). These enzyme-loaded nanoparticles were able to restore stable levels of enzymatic activity in CLN1 patient's fibroblasts, comparable with the free enzyme, demonstrating that delivery after encapsulation in the nanocarrier does not alter uptake or intracellular trafficking. We also investigate, for the first time, dysregulated pathways of proteome and palmitoylome and their alteration upon enzyme delivery. Our nanoparticles were able of halving palmitoylated protein levels restoring conditions similar to the normal cells. From proteomic analysis, we also highlighted the reduction of the different groups of proteins after treatments with the free or encapsulated enzyme. In conclusion, our system is able to deliver the enzyme to a model of CLN1 disease restoring normal conditions in cells. Investigation of molecular details of pathologic state and enzyme-based correction reveals dysregulated pathways with unprecedented details for CLN1. Finally, we unveil for the first time the dysregulation landscape of palmitoylome and proteome in primary patient-derived fibroblasts and their modifications in response to enzyme administration. These findings will provide a guideline for the validation of future therapeutic strategies based on enzyme replacement therapy or acting at different metabolic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Santi
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa 56127, Italy.,NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni Signore
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa 56127, Italy.,Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa 56017, Italy
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13
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Kido J, Nakamura K, Era T. Role of induced pluripotent stem cells in lysosomal storage diseases. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 108:103540. [PMID: 32828964 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of metabolism inborn errors caused by defective enzymes in the lysosome, resulting in the accumulation of undegraded substrates. Many characteristic cell features have been revealed in LSDs, including abnormal autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction. The development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) dramatically boosted research on LSDs, particularly regarding novel opportunities to clarify the disease etiology based on the storage of macromolecules, such as sphingolipids in lysosomes. iPSCs made from LSD patients (LSD-iPSCs) have been differentiated into neurons, endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, and macrophages, with each cell type closely resembling the primary disease phenotypes, providing new tools to probe the disease pathogenesis and to test therapeutic strategies. Abnormally accumulated substrates impaired autophagy and mitochondrial and synapse functions in LSD-iPSC-derived neurons. Reducing the accumulation with the treatment of drug candidates improved LSD-iPSC-derived neuron functions. Additionally, iPSC technology can help probe the gene expressions, proteomics, and metabolomics of LSDs. Further, gene repair and the generation of new mutations in causative genes in LSD-iPSCs can be used to understand both the specific roles of causative genes and the contributions of other genetic factors to these phenotypes. Moreover, the development of iPSC-derived organoids as disease models has bridged the gap between studies using cell lines and in vivo animal models. There are some reproducibility issues in iPSC research, however, including genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, such as chromosomal abnormalities, DNA mutations, and gene modifications via methylation. In this review, we present the disease and treatment concepts gathered using selected LSD-iPSCs, discuss iPSC research limitations, and set our future research visions. Such studies are expected to further inform and generate insights into LSDs and are important in research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kido
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Kimitoshi Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Era
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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14
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Nelvagal HR, Cooper JD. An update on the progress of preclinical models for guiding therapeutic management of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2019.1703672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Ramesh Nelvagal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of genetics and genomics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan D Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of genetics and genomics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
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15
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Do MA, Levy D, Brown A, Marriott G, Lu B. Targeted delivery of lysosomal enzymes to the endocytic compartment in human cells using engineered extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17274. [PMID: 31754156 PMCID: PMC6872767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of lysosomal enzymes to the endocytic compartment of human cells represents a transformative technology for treating a large family of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Gaucher disease is one of the most common types of LSDs caused by mutations to the lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA). Here, we describe a genetic strategy to produce engineered exosomes loaded with GBA in two different spatial configurations for targeted delivery to the endocytic compartment of recipient cells. By fusing human GBA to an exosome-anchoring protein: vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSVG), we demonstrate that the chimeric proteins were successfully integrated into exosomes which were secreted as extracellular vesicles (EVs) by producer cells. Isolation and molecular characterization of EVs confirmed that the fusion proteins were loaded onto exosomes without altering their surface markers, particle size or distribution. Further, enzyme-loaded exosomes/EVs added to cultured medium were taken up by recipient cells. Further, the endocytosed exosomes/EVs targeted to endocytic compartments exhibited a significant increase in GBA activity. Together, we have developed a novel method for targeting and delivery of lysosomal enzymes to their natural location: the endocytic compartment of recipient cells. Since exosomes/EVs have an intrinsic ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier, our technology may provide a new approach to treat severe types of LSDs, including Gaucher disease with neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Anh Do
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Annie Brown
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA
| | - Gerard Marriott
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA94720, USA
| | - Biao Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, 95053, USA.
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16
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Muranjan M, Karande S. Enzyme replacement therapy in India: Lessons and insights. J Postgrad Med 2019; 64:195-199. [PMID: 29848835 PMCID: PMC6198701 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_41_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Muranjan
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Karande
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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17
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Köse S, Aerts Kaya F, Kuşkonmaz B, Uçkan Çetinkaya D. Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells in mucolipidosis type II (I-cell disease). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:171-178. [PMID: 31320815 PMCID: PMC6620033 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1902-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mucolipidosis type II (ML-II, I-cell disease) is a fatal inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase. A characteristic skeletal phenotype is one of the many clinical manifestations of ML-II. Since the mechanisms underlying these skeletal defects in ML-II are not completely understood, we hypothesized that a defect in osteogenic differentiation of ML-II bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) might be responsible for this skeletal phenotype. Here, we assessed and characterized the cellular phenotype of BM-MSCs from a ML-II patient before (BBMT) and after BM transplantation (ABMT), and we compared the results with BM-MSCs from a carrier and a healthy donor. Morphologically, we did not observe differences in ML-II BBMT and ABMT or carrier MSCs in terms of size or granularity. Osteogenic differentiation was not markedly affected by disease or carrier status. Adipogenic differentiation was increased in BBMT ML-II MSCs, but chondrogenic differentiation was decreased in both BBMT and ABMT ML-II MSCs. Immunophenotypically no significant differences were observed between the samples. Interestingly, the proliferative capacity of BBMT and ABMT ML-II MSCs was increased in comparison to MSCs from age-matched healthy donors. These data suggest that MSCs are not likely to cause the skeletal phenotype observed in ML-II, but they may contribute to the pathogenesis of ML-II as a result of lysosomal storage-induced pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Köse
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatima Aerts Kaya
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Barış Kuşkonmaz
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,BMT Unit, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Uçkan Çetinkaya
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,BMT Unit, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Hunter CD, Guo T, Daskhan G, Richards MR, Cairo CW. Synthetic Strategies for Modified Glycosphingolipids and Their Design as Probes. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8188-8241. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmanah D. Hunter
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Tianlin Guo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Gour Daskhan
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michele R. Richards
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Christopher W. Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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19
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Sima N, Li R, Huang W, Xu M, Beers J, Zou J, Titus S, Ottinger EA, Marugan JJ, Xie X, Zheng W. Neural stem cells for disease modeling and evaluation of therapeutics for infantile (CLN1/PPT1) and late infantile (CLN2/TPP1) neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:54. [PMID: 29631617 PMCID: PMC5891977 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile and late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are lysosomal storage diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The infantile NCL (INCL) is caused by mutations in the PPT1 gene and late-infantile NCL (LINCL) is due to mutations in the TPP1 gene. Deficiency in PPT1 or TPP1 enzyme function results in lysosomal accumulation of pathological lipofuscin-like material in the patient cells. There is currently no small-molecular drug treatment for NCLs. RESULTS We have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from three patient dermal fibroblast lines and further differentiated them into neural stem cells (NSCs). Using these new disease models, we evaluated the effect of δ-tocopherol (DT) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) with the enzyme replacement therapy as the control. Treatment with the relevant recombinant enzyme or DT significantly ameliorated the lipid accumulation and lysosomal enlargement in the disease cells. A combination therapy of δ-tocopherol and HPBCD further improved the effect compared to that of either drug used as a single therapy. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that these patient iPSC derived NCL NSCs are valid cell- based disease models with characteristic disease phenotypes that can be used for study of disease pathophysiology and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Sima
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jeanette Beers
- iPSC core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jizhong Zou
- iPSC core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven Titus
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Ottinger
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Juan J Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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20
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Banning A, Schiff M, Tikkanen R. Amlexanox provides a potential therapy for nonsense mutations in the lysosomal storage disorder Aspartylglucosaminuria. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:668-675. [PMID: 29247835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene for aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA). This enzyme participates in glycoprotein degradation in lysosomes. AGU results in progressive mental retardation, and no curative therapy is currently available. We have here characterized the consequences of AGA gene mutations in a compound heterozygous patient who exhibits a missense mutation producing a Ser72Pro substitution in one allele, and a nonsense mutation Trp168X in the other. Ser72 is not a catalytic residue, but is required for the stabilization of the active site conformation. Thus, Ser72Pro exchange impairs the autocatalytic activation of the AGA precursor, and results in a considerable reduction of the enzyme activity and in altered AGA precursor processing. Betaine, which can partially rescue the AGA activity in AGU patients carrying certain missense mutations, turned out to be ineffective in the case of Ser72Pro substitution. The Trp168X nonsense allele results in complete lack of AGA polypeptide due to nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of the mRNA. Amlexanox, which inhibits NMD and causes a translational read-through, facilitated the synthesis of a full-length, functional AGA protein from the nonsense allele. This could be demonstrated as presence of the AGA polypeptide and increased enzyme activity upon Amlexanox treatment. Furthermore, in the Ser72Pro/Trp168X expressing cells, Amlexanox induced a synergistic increase in AGA activity and polypeptide processing due to enhanced processing of the Ser72Pro polypeptide. Our data show for the first time that Amlexanox might provide a valid therapy for AGU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Banning
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Manuel Schiff
- AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Paris Diderot-Sorbonne Paris Cité, PROTECT, INSERM U1141, Paris, France
| | - Ritva Tikkanen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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21
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Nelvagal HR, Cooper JD. Translating preclinical models of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: progress and prospects. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1360182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth R. Nelvagal
- Pediatric Storage Disorders Laboratory, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Cooper
- Pediatric Storage Disorders Laboratory, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
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22
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Emerging therapies for neuropathic lysosomal storage disorders. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 152:166-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs modulate cellular glycosaminoglycan synthesis by affecting EGFR and PI3K signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43154. [PMID: 28240227 PMCID: PMC5327420 DOI: 10.1038/srep43154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), indomethacin and nimesulide, and analgesics acetaminophen, alone, as well as in combination with isoflavone genistein as potential glycosaminoglycan (GAG) metabolism modulators were considered for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) with neurological symptoms due to the effective blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration properties of these compounds. We found that indomethacin and nimesulide, but not acetaminophen, inhibited GAG synthesis in fibroblasts significantly, while the most pronounced impairment of glycosaminoglycan production was observed after exposure to the mixture of nimesulide and genistein. Phosphorylation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) was inhibited even more effective in the presence of indomethacin and nimesulide than in the presence of genistein. When examined the activity of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) production, we observed its most significant decrease in the case of fibroblast exposition to nimesulide, and afterwards to indomethacin and genistein mix, rather than indomethacin used alone. Some effects on expression of individual GAG metabolism-related and lysosomal function genes, and significant activity modulation of a number of genes involved in intracellular signal transduction pathways and metabolism of DNA and proteins were detected. This study documents that NSAIDs, and their mixtures with genistein modulate cellular glycosaminoglycan synthesis by affecting EGFR and PI3K signaling pathways.
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24
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Nam HJ, Kwon JY, Choi HY, Kang SH, Jung HS, Kim DI. Production and Purification of Recombinant Glucocerebrosidase in Transgenic Rice Cell Suspension Cultures. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:1401-1415. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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25
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Komlosi K, Sólyom A, Beck M. The Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Lysosomal Storage Disorders. JOURNAL OF INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND SCREENING 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/2326409816669376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Komlosi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | | | - Michael Beck
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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26
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Long Y, Xu M, Li R, Dai S, Beers J, Chen G, Soheilian F, Baxa U, Wang M, Marugan JJ, Muro S, Li Z, Brady R, Zheng W. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Disease Modeling and Evaluation of Therapeutics for Niemann-Pick Disease Type A. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1644-1655. [PMID: 27484861 PMCID: PMC5189647 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type A (NPA)-induced pluripotent stem cells from patient dermal fibroblasts were differentiated into neural stem cells. By using the differentiated NPA neuronal cells as a cell-based disease model system, α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin significantly reduced sphingomyelin accumulation in these NPA neuronal cells. This cell-based NPA model can be used for further study of disease pathophysiology and for high-throughput screening of compound libraries to identify lead compounds for drug development. Niemann-Pick disease type A (NPA) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the SMPD1 gene that encodes acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Deficiency in ASM function results in lysosomal accumulation of sphingomyelin and neurodegeneration. Currently, there is no effective treatment for NPA. To accelerate drug discovery for treatment of NPA, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells from two patient dermal fibroblast lines and differentiated them into neural stem cells. The NPA neural stem cells exhibit a disease phenotype of lysosomal sphingomyelin accumulation and enlarged lysosomes. By using this disease model, we also evaluated three compounds that reportedly reduced lysosomal lipid accumulation in Niemann-Pick disease type C as well as enzyme replacement therapy with ASM. We found that α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and ASM reduced sphingomyelin accumulation and enlarged lysosomes in NPA neural stem cells. Therefore, the NPA neural stem cells possess the characteristic NPA disease phenotype that can be ameliorated by tocopherols, cyclodextrin, and ASM. Our results demonstrate the efficacies of cyclodextrin and tocopherols in the NPA cell-based model. Our data also indicate that the NPA neural stem cells can be used as a new cell-based disease model for further study of disease pathophysiology and for high-throughput screening to identify new lead compounds for drug development. Significance Currently, there is no effective treatment for Niemann-Pick disease type A (NPA). To accelerate drug discovery for treatment of NPA, NPA-induced pluripotent stem cells were generated from patient dermal fibroblasts and differentiated into neural stem cells. By using the differentiated NPA neuronal cells as a cell-based disease model system, α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin significantly reduced sphingomyelin accumulation in these NPA neuronal cells. Therefore, this cell-based NPA model can be used for further study of disease pathophysiology and for high-throughput screening of compound libraries to identify lead compounds for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jeanette Beers
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Guokai Chen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Ferri Soheilian
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ulrich Baxa
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Mengqiao Wang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan J Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Roscoe Brady
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Ortolano
- Group of Neonatal Pathology, Pediatrics and Rare Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Vigo, Spain
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Biehl J, Petryna A. [Legal remedies: therapeutic markets and the judicialization of the right to health]. HISTORIA, CIENCIAS, SAUDE--MANGUINHOS 2016; 23:173-192. [PMID: 27008080 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702016000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study draw on the struggle of parents of children with mucopolysacchar idosis to access expensive drugs in the name of universal right to health. The work explores how, in Brazil, right-to-health litigation became an alternative pathway to access health care and shows that several public and private stakeholders dispute the judicialization of health. Biotechnology is, therefore, understood to remake human and social worlds as it opens up new spaces of ethical problematization, desire, and political belonging.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Biehl
- Department of Anthropology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, EUA,
| | - Adriana Petryna
- Department of Anthropology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, EUA,
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Tylki-Szymańska A, Jurecka A. Prospective therapies for mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2015.1089167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Growth patterns in children with mucopolysaccharidosis I and II. World J Pediatr 2015; 11:226-31. [PMID: 25410665 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-014-0517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) diseases lead to a profound disruption in normal mechanisms of growth and development. This study was undertaken to determine the general growth of children with MPS I and II. METHODS The anthropometric data of patients with MPS I and II (n=76) were retrospectively analyzed. The growth patterns of these patients were analyzed and then plotted onto Polish reference charts. Longitudinal analyses were performed to estimate age-related changes. RESULTS At the time of birth, the body length was greater than reference charts for all MPS groups (Hurler syndrome, P=0.006; attenuated MPS II, P=0.011; severe MPS II, P<0.001). The mean z-score values for every MPS group showed that until the 30th month of life, the growth patterns for all patients were similar. Afterwards, these growth patterns start to differ for individual groups. The body height below the 3rd percentile was achieved around the 30th month for boys with Hurler syndrome, between the 4th and 5th year for patients with severe MPS II and between the 7th and 8th year for patients with attenuated MPS II. CONCLUSIONS The growth pattern differs between patients with MPS I and II. It reflects the clinical severity of MPS and may assist in the evaluation of clinical efficacy of available therapies.
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31
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Rappaport J, Manthe RL, Garnacho C, Muro S. Altered Clathrin-Independent Endocytosis in Type A Niemann-Pick Disease Cells and Rescue by ICAM-1-Targeted Enzyme Delivery. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1366-76. [PMID: 25849869 DOI: 10.1021/mp5005959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical intervention often requires therapeutics and/or their carriers to enter cells via endocytosis. Therefore, endocytic aberrancies resulting from disease represent a key, yet often overlooked, parameter in designing therapeutic strategies. In the case of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), characterized by lysosomal accumulation of undegraded substances, common clinical interventions rely on endocytosis of recombinant enzymes. However, the lysosomal defect in these diseases can affect endocytosis, as we recently demonstrated for clathrin-mediated uptake in patient fibroblasts with type A Niemann-Pick disease (NPD), a disorder characterized by acid sphingomylinase (ASM) deficiency and subsequent sphingomyelin storage. Using similar cells, we have examined if this is also the case for clathrin-independent pathways, including caveolae-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. We observed impaired caveolin-1 enrichment at ligand-binding sites in NPD relative to wild type fibroblasts, corresponding with altered uptake of ligands and fluid-phase markers by both pathways. Similarly, aberrant lysosomal storage of sphingomyelin induced by pharmacological means also diminished uptake. Partial degradation of the lysosomal storage by untargeted recombinant ASM led to partial uptake enhancement, whereas both parameters were restored to wild type levels by ASM delivery using model polymer nanocarriers specifically targeted to intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Carriers also restored caveolin-1 enrichment at ligand-binding sites and uptake through the caveolar and macropinocytic routes. These results demonstrate a link between lysosomal storage in NPD and alterations in clathrin-independent endocytosis, which could apply to other LSDs. Hence, this study shall guide the design of therapeutic approaches using viable endocytic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Rappaport
- †Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4450, United States
| | - Rachel L Manthe
- †Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4450, United States
| | - Carmen Garnacho
- ‡Department of Normal and Pathological Histology and Cytology, University of Seville School of Medicine, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Silvia Muro
- †Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4450, United States.,§Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 5115 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, Maryland 20742-4450, United States
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Tomatsu S, Sawamoto K, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Shimada T, Bober MB, Chinen Y, Yabe H, Montaño AM, Giugliani R, Kubaski F, Yasuda E, Rodríguez-López A, Espejo-Mojica AJ, Sánchez OF, Mason RW, Barrera LA, Mackenzie WG, Orii T. Impact of enzyme replacement therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with Morquio A syndrome. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:1937-53. [PMID: 25897204 PMCID: PMC4389814 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s68562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA) can present with systemic skeletal dysplasia, leading to a need for multiple orthopedic surgical procedures, and often become wheelchair bound in their teenage years. Studies on patients with MPS IVA treated by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) showed a sharp reduction on urinary keratan sulfate, but only modest improvement based on a 6-minute walk test and no significant improvement on a 3-minute climb-up test and lung function test compared with the placebo group, at least in the short-term. Surgical remnants from ERT-treated patients did not show reduction of storage materials in chondrocytes. The impact of ERT on bone lesions in patients with MPS IVA remains limited. ERT seems to be enhanced in a mouse model of MPS IVA by a novel form of the enzyme tagged with a bone-targeting moiety. The tagged enzyme remained in the circulation much longer than untagged native enzyme and was delivered to and retained in bone. Three-month-old MPS IVA mice treated with 23 weekly infusions of tagged enzyme showed marked clearance of the storage materials in bone, bone marrow, and heart valves. When treatment was initiated at birth, reduction of storage materials in tissues was even greater. These findings indicate that specific targeting of the enzyme to bone at an early stage may improve efficacy of ERT for MPS IVA. Recombinant N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) (erGALNS) and in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (prGALNS) has been produced as an alternative to the conventional production in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Recombinant GALNS produced in microorganisms may help to reduce the high cost of ERT and the introduction of modifications to enhance targeting. Although only a limited number of patients with MPS IVA have been treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), beneficial effects have been reported. A wheelchair-bound patient with a severe form of MPS IVA was treated with HSCT at 15 years of age and followed up for 10 years. Radiographs showed that the figures of major and minor trochanter appeared. Loud snoring and apnea disappeared. In all, 1 year after bone marrow transplantation, bone mineral density at L2-L4 was increased from 0.372 g/cm(2) to 0.548 g/cm(2) and was maintained at a level of 0.48±0.054 for the following 9 years. Pulmonary vital capacity increased approximately 20% from a baseline of 1.08 L to around 1.31 L over the first 2 years and was maintained thereafter. Activity of daily living was improved similar to the normal control group. After bilateral osteotomies, a patient can walk over 400 m using hip-knee-ankle-foot orthoses. This long-term observation of a patient shows that this treatment can produce clinical improvements although bone deformity remained unchanged. In conclusion, ERT is a therapeutic option for MPS IVA patients, and there are some indications that HSCT may be an alternative to treat this disease. However, as neither seems to be a curative therapy, at least for the skeletal dysplasia in MPS IVA patients, new approaches are investigated to enhance efficacy and reduce costs to benefit MPS IVA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sawamoto
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Carlos J Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Tsutomu Shimada
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Michael B Bober
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Yasutsugu Chinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yabe
- Department of Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | | | - Roberto Giugliani
- Medical Genetics Service/HCPA and Department of Genetics/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francyne Kubaski
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Eriko Yasuda
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Alexander Rodríguez-López
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Angela J Espejo-Mojica
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar F Sánchez
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Robert W Mason
- Nemours/Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Luis A Barrera
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Tadao Orii
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Aronovich EL, Hackett PB. Lysosomal storage disease: gene therapy on both sides of the blood-brain barrier. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:83-93. [PMID: 25410058 PMCID: PMC4312729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Most lysosomal storage disorders affect the nervous system as well as other tissues and organs of the body. Previously, the complexities of these diseases, particularly in treating neurologic abnormalities, were too great to surmount. However, based on recent developments there are realistic expectations that effective therapies are coming soon. Gene therapy offers the possibility of affordable, comprehensive treatment associated with these diseases currently not provided by standards of care. With a focus on correction of neurologic disease by systemic gene therapy of mucopolysaccharidoses types I and IIIA, we review some of the major recent advances in viral and non-viral vectors, methods of their delivery and strategies leading to correction of both the nervous and somatic tissues as well as evaluation of functional correction of neurologic manifestations in animal models. We discuss two questions: what systemic gene therapy strategies work best for correction of both somatic and neurologic abnormalities in a lysosomal storage disorder and is there evidence that targeting peripheral tissues (e.g., in the liver) has a future for ameliorating neurologic disease in patients?
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena L Aronovich
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - Perry B Hackett
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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34
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Tomatsu S, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Montaño AM, Yabe H, Tanaka A, Dung VC, Giugliani R, Kubaski F, Mason RW, Yasuda E, Sawamoto K, Mackenzie W, Suzuki Y, Orii KE, Barrera LA, Sly WS, Orii T. Therapies for the bone in mucopolysaccharidoses. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:94-109. [PMID: 25537451 PMCID: PMC4312706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) have accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in multiple tissues which may cause coarse facial features, mental retardation, recurrent ear and nose infections, inguinal and umbilical hernias, hepatosplenomegaly, and skeletal deformities. Clinical features related to bone lesions may include marked short stature, cervical stenosis, pectus carinatum, small lungs, joint rigidity (but laxity for MPS IV), kyphoscoliosis, lumbar gibbus, and genu valgum. Patients with MPS are often wheelchair-bound and physical handicaps increase with age as a result of progressive skeletal dysplasia, abnormal joint mobility, and osteoarthritis, leading to 1) stenosis of the upper cervical region, 2) restrictive small lung, 3) hip dysplasia, 4) restriction of joint movement, and 5) surgical complications. Patients often need multiple orthopedic procedures including cervical decompression and fusion, carpal tunnel release, hip reconstruction and replacement, and femoral or tibial osteotomy through their lifetime. Current measures to intervene in bone disease progression are not perfect and palliative, and improved therapies are urgently required. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and gene therapy are available or in development for some types of MPS. Delivery of sufficient enzyme to bone, especially avascular cartilage, to prevent or ameliorate the devastating skeletal dysplasias remains an unmet challenge. The use of an anti-inflammatory drug is also under clinical study. Therapies should start at a very early stage prior to irreversible bone lesion, and damage since the severity of skeletal dysplasia is associated with level of activity during daily life. This review illustrates a current overview of therapies and their impact for bone lesions in MPS including ERT, HSCT, gene therapy, and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; Medical Genetics Service/HCPA and Department of Genetics/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Carlos J Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Adriana M Montaño
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hiromasa Yabe
- Department of Cell Transplantation, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Akemi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Vu Chi Dung
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Genetics, Vietnam National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Medical Genetics Service/HCPA and Department of Genetics/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francyne Kubaski
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Robert W Mason
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Eriko Yasuda
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Kazuki Sawamoto
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University, Japan
| | - Kenji E Orii
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Luis A Barrera
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - William S Sly
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tadao Orii
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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Sato K, Kitakaze K, Nakamura T, Naruse N, Aihara K, Shigenaga A, Inokuma T, Tsuji D, Itoh K, Otaka A. The total chemical synthesis of the monoglycosylated GM2 ganglioside activator using a novel cysteine surrogate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9946-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02967h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe a novel peptide ligation/desulfurization strategy using a β-mercapto-N-glycosylated asparagine derivative. The strategy is successfully applied to the total chemical synthesis of GM2 ganglioside activator protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sato
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Keisuke Kitakaze
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Naoto Naruse
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Keisuke Aihara
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Tsubasa Inokuma
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuji
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Kohji Itoh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokushima University
- Tokushima 770-8505
- Japan
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36
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Fateen EM, Gouda AS, Ibrahim MM, Abdallah ZY. Fifteen years experience: Egyptian metabolic lab. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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37
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Langiu M, Dadparvar M, Kreuter J, Ruonala MO. Human serum albumin-based nanoparticle-mediated in vitro gene delivery. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107603. [PMID: 25229502 PMCID: PMC4168126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic treatment of neurodegenerative diseases still remains a challenging task since many approaches fail to deliver the therapeutic material in relevant concentrations into the brain. As viral vectors comprise the risk of immune and inflammatory responses, human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles were found to represent a safer and more convenient alternative. Their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver drugs into the brain in order to enhance gene-based therapy has been previously demonstrated. The present study deals with the development of pGL3-PEI-coated HSA nanoparticles and subsequent in vitro testing in cerebellar granular and HeLa cells. The luciferase control vector pGL3 was chosen as reporter plasmid encoding for the firefly luciferase protein, linear polyethylenimine (22 kDa) as endosomolytic agent for enhancing the cells’ transfection. Studies on particle characteristics, their cellular uptake into aforementioned cell lines and on subcellular localisation, and transfection efficiency in the cerebellar cells proved the feasibility of nanoparticle-based gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Langiu
- Center for Membrane Proteomics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam Dadparvar
- Center for Membrane Proteomics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jörg Kreuter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mika O. Ruonala
- Center for Membrane Proteomics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Cartier N, Lewis CA, Zhang R, Rossi FMV. The role of microglia in human disease: therapeutic tool or target? Acta Neuropathol 2014; 128:363-80. [PMID: 25107477 PMCID: PMC4131134 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-014-1330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia have long been the focus of much attention due to their strong proliferative response (microgliosis) to essentially any kind of damage to the CNS. More recently, we reached the realization that these cells play specific roles in determining progression and outcomes of essentially all CNS disease. Thus, microglia has ceased to be viewed as an accessory to underlying pathologies and has now taken center stage as a therapeutic target. Here, we review how our understanding of microglia's involvement in promoting or limiting the pathogenesis of diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) and lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) has changed over time. While strategies to suppress the deleterious and promote the virtuous functions of microglia will undoubtedly be forthcoming, replacement of these cells has already proven its usefulness in a clinical setting. Over the past few years, we have reached the realization that microglia have a developmental origin that is distinct from that of bone marrow-derived myelomonocytic cells. Nevertheless, microglia can be replaced, in specific situations, by the progeny of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), pointing to a strategy to engineer the CNS environment through the transplantation of modified HSCs. Thus, microglia replacement has been successfully exploited to deliver therapeutics to the CNS in human diseases such as X-ALD and LSD. With this outlook in mind, we will discuss the evidence existing so far for microglial involvement in the pathogenesis and the therapy of specific CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Cartier
- INSERM U986, 80 rue du Général Leclerc, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- MIRCen CEA Fontenay aux Roses, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- University Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Coral-Ann Lewis
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1C7 Canada
| | - Regan Zhang
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1C7 Canada
| | - Fabio M. V. Rossi
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1C7 Canada
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Rosenberg JB, Sondhi D, Rubin DG, Monette S, Chen A, Cram S, De BP, Kaminsky SM, Sevin C, Aubourg P, Crystal RG. Comparative efficacy and safety of multiple routes of direct CNS administration of adeno-associated virus gene transfer vector serotype rh.10 expressing the human arylsulfatase A cDNA to nonhuman primates. HUM GENE THER CL DEV 2014; 25:164-77. [PMID: 25144894 DOI: 10.1089/humc.2013.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), a fatal disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A (ARSA), is associated with an accumulation of sulfatides, causing widespread demyelination in both central and peripheral nervous systems. On the basis of prior studies demonstrating that adeno-associated virus AAVrh.10 can mediate widespread distribution in the CNS of a secreted lysosomal transgene, and as a prelude to human trials, we comparatively assessed the optimal CNS delivery route of an AAVrh.10 vector encoding human ARSA in a large animal model for broadest distribution of ARSA enzyme. Five routes were tested (each total dose, 1.5 × 10(12) genome copies of AAVrh.10hARSA-FLAG): (1) delivery to white matter centrum ovale; (2) deep gray matter delivery (putamen, thalamus, and caudate) plus overlying white matter; (3) convection-enhanced delivery to same deep gray matter locations; (4) lateral cerebral ventricle; and (5) intraarterial delivery with hyperosmotic mannitol to the middle cerebral artery. After 13 weeks, the distribution of ARSA activity subsequent to each of the three direct intraparenchymal administration routes was significantly higher than in phosphate-buffered saline-administered controls, but administration by the intraventricular and intraarterial routes failed to demonstrate measurable levels above controls. Immunohistochemical staining in the cortex, white matter, deep gray matter of the striatum, thalamus, choroid plexus, and spinal cord dorsal root ganglions confirmed these results. Of the five routes studied, administration to the white matter generated the broadest distribution of ARSA, with 80% of the brain displaying more than a therapeutic (10%) increase in ARSA activity above PBS controls. No significant toxicity was observed with any delivery route as measured by safety parameters, although some inflammatory changes were seen by histopathology. We conclude that AAVrh.10-mediated delivery of ARSA via CNS administration into the white matter is likely to be safe and yields the widest distribution of ARSA, making it the most suitable route of vector delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Rosenberg
- 1 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY 10065
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Rappaport J, Garnacho C, Muro S. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is impaired in type A-B Niemann-Pick disease model cells and can be restored by ICAM-1-mediated enzyme replacement. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:2887-95. [PMID: 24949999 PMCID: PMC4144747 DOI: 10.1021/mp500241y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
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Drugs
often use endocytosis to achieve intracellular delivery,
either by passive uptake from the extracellular fluid or by active
targeting of cell surface features such as endocytic receptors. An
example is enzyme replacement therapy, a clinically practiced treatment
for several lysosomal storage diseases where glycosylated recombinant
enzymes naturally target the mannose-6-phosphate receptor and are
internalized by clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME). However, lysosomal
substrate accumulation, a hallmark of these diseases, has been indirectly
linked to aberrant endocytic activity. These effects are poorly understood,
creating an obstacle to therapeutic efficiency. Here we explored endocytic
activity in fibroblasts from patients with type A Niemann–Pick
disease, a lysosomal storage disease characterized by acid sphingomyelinase
(ASM) deficiency. The uptake of fluid phase markers and clathrin-associated
ligands, formation of endocytic structures, and recruitment of intracellular
clathrin to ligand binding sites were all altered, demonstrating aberrant
CME in these cells. Model polymer nanocarriers targeted to intercellular
adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which are internalized by a clathrin-independent
route, enhanced the intracellular delivery of recombinant ASM more
than 10-fold compared to free enzyme. This strategy reduced substrate
accumulation and restored clathrin endocytic activity to wild-type
levels. There appears to be a relationship between lysosomal storage
and diminished CME, and bypassing this pathway by targeting ICAM-1
may enhance future therapies for lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Rappaport
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742-4450, United States
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Siebert M, Sidransky E, Westbroek W. Glucocerebrosidase is shaking up the synucleinopathies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 137:1304-22. [PMID: 24531622 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase, encoded by the glucocerebrosidase gene, is involved in the breakdown of glucocerebroside into glucose and ceramide. Lysosomal build-up of the substrate glucocerebroside occurs in cells of the reticulo-endothelial system in patients with Gaucher disease, a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by the recessively inherited deficiency of glucocerebrosidase. Gaucher disease has a broad clinical phenotypic spectrum, divided into non-neuronopathic and neuronopathic forms. Like many monogenic diseases, the correlation between clinical manifestations and molecular genotype is not straightforward. There is now a well-established clinical association between mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene and the development of more prevalent multifactorial disorders including Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. In this review we discuss recent studies advancing our understanding of the cellular relationship between glucocerebrosidase and α-synuclein, the potential impact of established and emerging therapeutics for Gaucher disease for the treatment of the synucleinopathies, and the role of lysosomal pathways in the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Siebert
- 1 Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 35 Room 1A213, 35 Convent Drive, MSC 3708, Bethesda, MD 20892-3708, USA
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Siciliano G, Pasquali L, Mancuso M, Murri L. Molecular diagnostics and mitochondrial dysfunction: a future perspective. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 8:531-49. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.8.4.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Attenuated osteoarticular phenotype of type VI mucopolysaccharidosis: a report of four patients and a review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol 2013; 33:725-31. [PMID: 24221504 PMCID: PMC4000421 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-013-2423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome, MPS VI, OMIM 253200) is caused by mutations in the gene coding for N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (4-sulfatase, arylsulfatase B, ARSB, EC 3.1.6.12), a lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation of dermatan sulfate (DS). The clinical presentation of MPS VI varies greatly with respect to age of onset and rate of disease progression. This report focuses on the attenuated form of MPS VI, which can go unrecognized for years and often presents with atypical signs or symptoms. We described a cohort of MPS VI patients (n = 4) heterozygous for the p.Y210C mutation who had a significant osteoarticular involvement at the onset of their disease and who were diagnosed years or even decades later. We have also reviewed the literature (n = 36). Two types of attenuated MPS VI phenotypes could be distinguished: osteoarticular and cardiac. The majority of MPS VI patients reported so far as relatively attenuated presented with an essentially osteoarticular phenotype associated with the p.Y210C mutation. Patients homozygous for the p.R152W mutation presented with a cardiac phenotype, which, despite fulfilling the generally used criteria for attenuated phenotype, may lead to fast disease progression and abrupt death. The knowledge of natural history and genotype–phenotype correlation may help in developing a tailored therapy potentially using enzyme replacement therapy with substrate reduction therapy or chaperones.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an update on ocular manifestations of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), to highlight diagnostic pitfalls in the evaluation of affected patients, and to briefly review etiopathogenesis, systemic manifestations, and therapeutic interventions in MPS. RECENT FINDINGS Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy for MPS have led to decreased morbidity and increased life-span of patients. Besides other causes, visual impairment because of corneal opacification, retinal degeneration, and optic atrophy remains a common cause of disability in MPS. The application of a standard ophthalmic evaluation protocol may serve as an important diagnostic and disease monitoring tool in patients. SUMMARY Diagnostic delays are not uncommon in patients with MPS. Given the early ocular involvement in MPS, ophthalmologists play a crucial role in early detection and follow-up of patients with MPS. Ophthalmic evaluation can be impeded by corneal opacification and patient cooperation. Altered corneal biomechanics confound intraocular pressure measurements. Recently developed therapies have made early detection increasingly important. Accurate diagnosis of specific MPS subtypes is of paramount importance for initiating appropriate therapy. Combined with advances in supportive care of ocular and systemic manifestations, the prognosis for patients with MPS has vastly improved.
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Palmucci S, Attinà G, Lanza ML, Belfiore G, Cappello G, Foti PV, Milone P, Di Bella D, Barone R, Fiumara A, Sorge G, Ettorre GC. Imaging findings of mucopolysaccharidoses: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging 2013; 4:443-59. [PMID: 23645566 PMCID: PMC3731470 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-013-0246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) represent a heterogeneous group of inheritable lysosomal storage diseases in which the accumulation of undegraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) leads to progressive damage of affected tissues. The typical symptoms include organomegaly, dysostosis multiplex, mental retardation and developmental delay. Definitive diagnosis is usually possible through enzymatic assays of the defective enzyme in cultured fibroblasts or leukocytes. Imaging findings Radiological and neuroradiological findings are reported. The most important neuroradiological features include abnormal signal intensity in the white matter, dilatation of periventricular spaces, widening of cortical sulci, brain atrophy, enlargement of extraventricular spaces and spinal cord compression. With reference to the skeletal system, most important radiological findings include multiplex dysostosis, which is represented by several bone malformations found in the skull, hands, legs, arms and column. The abnormal storage of GAGs leads to liver and spleen enlargement; it also damages cartilage layers and synovial recesses in the joints. Conclusion The aim of this pictorial essay is to describe the imaging findings of MPS, represented by skeletal and neurological features; skeletal X-ray and MR allow an assessment of the severity of disease, to plan medical and surgical therapy and to evaluate response to treatment. Teaching Points • To describe the imaging findings common to different types of MPS. • To describe multiplex dysostosis encountered in the axial and appendicular skeleton. • To evaluate neuroradiological features of MPS, including brain abnormal signal intensity and atrophy. • To evaluate important otorhinolaryngological problems, such as otitis media and airways obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Palmucci
- Radiodiagnostic and Oncological Radiotherapy Unit, University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy,
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López Marín L, Gutiérrez-Solana LG. Tratamiento de las enfermedades lisosomales en la población pediátrica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1696-2818(13)70132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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An improved methodology for the synthesis of 1-C-allyl imino-d-xylitol and -l-arabinitol and their rapid functionalization. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Miller JN, Chan CH, Pearce DA. The role of nonsense-mediated decay in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:2723-34. [PMID: 23539563 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), commonly referred to as Batten disease, is a group of autosomal recessive neurodegenerative diseases of childhood characterized by seizures, blindness, motor and cognitive decline and premature death. Currently, there are over 400 known mutations in 14 different genes, leading to five overlapping clinical variants of NCL. A large portion of these mutations lead to premature stop codons (PTCs) and are predicted to predispose mRNA transcripts to nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). Nonsense-mediated decay is associated with a number of other genetic diseases and is an important regulator of disease pathogenesis. We contend that NMD targets PTCs in NCL gene transcripts for degradation. A number of PTC mutations in CLN1, CLN2 and CLN3 lead to a significant decrease in mRNA transcripts and a corresponding decrease in protein levels and function in patient-derived lymphoblast cell lines. Inhibiting NMD leads to an increased transcript level, and where protein function is known, increased activity. Treatment with read-through drugs also leads to increased protein function. Thus, NMD provides a promising therapeutic target that would allow read-through of transcripts to enhance protein function and possibly ameliorate Batten disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake N Miller
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
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Freedman R, Sahhar M, Curnow L, Lee J, Peters H. Receiving enzyme replacement therapy for a lysosomal storage disorder: a preliminary exploration of the experiences of young patients and their families. J Genet Couns 2013; 22:517-32. [PMID: 23536258 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-013-9579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medical intervention for lysosomal storage disorders becomes part of life, shaping the reality of the condition for affected individuals and families. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is available to treat some lysosomal storage disorders. ERT is costly and time consuming, requiring frequent hospital visits to receive intravenous infusions. This qualitative study sought to explore the impact of receiving ERT for a lysosomal storage disorder on the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of young patients and their families. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with young people and parents and siblings of young people accessing ERT for Pompe disease, Gaucher disease or mucopolysaccharidosis types I or II living in Victoria, Australia. Interviews were transcribed then analyzed thematically. The biopsychosocial model assisted in interpreting themes. Findings revealed positive attitudes towards ERT, with noticed improvements in physical and psychosocial well-being. Participants prioritised intervention over other activities and provided suggestions for improving current service delivery. Communication with family members and professionals was deemed important, especially in respect to information provision. Participants described challenges associated with living with a lysosomal storage disorder and receiving ERT and coping strategies, such as positive thinking and ways to manage uncertainty. These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of living with a chronic genetic condition and receiving intensive treatment on HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Freedman
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Parenti G, Pignata C, Vajro P, Salerno M. New strategies for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases (review). Int J Mol Med 2012; 31:11-20. [PMID: 23165354 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders caused by the deficiency of any of the lysosomal functions, in most cases of lysosomal hydrolases. LSDs are typically characterized by storage of a variety of substrates in multiple tissues and organs and by the variable association of unusual clinical manifestations that are often responsible for physical and neurological handicaps. During the past two decades, research in the field of LSDs has made marked progress, particularly with the development of a variety of innovative therapeutic approaches. These include several strategies aimed at increasing the residual activity of the missing enzyme, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, enzyme replacement therapy, pharmacological chaperone therapy and gene therapy. An alternative approach is based on reducing the synthesis of the stored substrate. More recently, the improved knowledge on LSD pathophysiology has indicated additional targets of therapy. The recent progress made in the treatment of LSDs represents a good model that may be extended to other genetic disorders.
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