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Zhang X, Li H, Chen L, Wu Y, Li Y. NRF2 in age-related musculoskeletal diseases: Role and treatment prospects. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101180. [PMID: 39281838 PMCID: PMC11400624 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The NRF2 pathway is a metabolic- and redox-sensitive signaling axis in which the transcription factor controls the expression of a multitude of genes that enable cells to survive environmental stressors, such as oxidative stress, mainly by inducing the expression of cytoprotective genes. Basal NRF2 levels are maintained under normal physiological conditions, but when exposed to oxidative stress, cells activate the NRF2 pathway, which is crucial for supporting cell survival. Recently, the NRF2 pathway has been found to have novel functions in metabolic regulation and interplay with other signaling pathways, offering novel insights into the treatment of various diseases. Numerous studies have shown that targeting its pathway can effectively investigate the development and progression of age-related musculoskeletal diseases, such as sarcopenia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and intervertebral disc degeneration. Appropriate regulation of the NRF2 pathway flux holds promise as a means to improve musculoskeletal function, thereby providing a new avenue for drug treatment of age-related musculoskeletal diseases in clinical settings. The review summarized an overview of the relationship between NRF2 and cellular processes such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, ferroptosis, and autophagy, and explores the potential of targeted NRF2 regulation in the treatment of age-related musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Chechenova M, McLendon L, Dallas B, Stratton H, Kiani K, Gerberich E, Alekseyenko A, Tamba N, An S, Castillo L, Czajkowski E, Talley C, Brown A, Bryantsev AL. Muscle degeneration in aging Drosophila flies: the role of mechanical stress. Skelet Muscle 2024; 14:20. [PMID: 39164781 PMCID: PMC11334408 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-024-00352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is a universal hallmark of aging which is displayed by a wide range of organisms, although the causes and mechanisms of this phenomenon are not fully understood. We used Drosophila to characterize the phenomenon of spontaneous muscle fiber degeneration (SMFD) during aging. We found that SMFD occurs across diverse types of somatic muscles, progresses with chronological age, and positively correlates with functional muscle decline. Data from vital dyes and morphological markers imply that degenerative fibers most likely die by necrosis. Mechanistically, SMFD is driven by the damage resulting from muscle contractions, and the nervous system may play a significant role in this process. Our quantitative model of SMFD assessment can be useful in identifying and validating novel genetic factors that influence aging-related muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chechenova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
- Present Affiliation: MNG Laboratories, A LabCorp Company, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lilla McLendon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Bracey Dallas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Hannah Stratton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Kaveh Kiani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Erik Gerberich
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Alesia Alekseyenko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Natasya Tamba
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - SooBin An
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Lizzet Castillo
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Emily Czajkowski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Present Affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Christina Talley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Austin Brown
- Department of Mathematics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Anton L Bryantsev
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, 105 Marietta Dr., NW, Room 4004, MD 1201, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA.
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3
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Nasso R, D'Errico A, Motti ML, Masullo M, Arcone R. Dietary Protein and Physical Exercise for the Treatment of Sarcopenia. Clin Pract 2024; 14:1451-1467. [PMID: 39194921 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14040117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a multifactorial age-related disorder that causes a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to alteration of movement, risk of falls, and hospitalization. This article aims to review recent findings on the factors underlying sarcopenia and the strategies required to delay and counteract its symptoms. We focus on molecular factors linked to ageing, on the role of low-grade chronic and acute inflammatory conditions such as cancer, which contributes to the onset of sarcopenia, and on the clinical criteria for its diagnosis. The use of drugs against sarcopenia is still subject to debate, and the suggested approaches to restore muscle health are based on adequate dietary protein intake and physical exercise. We also highlight the difference in the amount and quality of amino acids within animal- and plant-based diets, as studies have often shown varying results regarding their effect on sarcopenia in elderly people. In addition, many studies have reported that non-pharmacological approaches, such as an optimization of dietary protein intake and training programs based on resistance exercise, can be effective in preventing and delaying sarcopenia. These approaches not only improve the maintenance of skeletal muscle function, but also reduce health care costs and improve life expectancy and quality in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosarita Nasso
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Errico
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Motti
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosaria Arcone
- Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
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Lin J, Hu M, Gu X, Zhang T, Ma H, Li F. Effects of cigarette smoking associated with sarcopenia in persons 60 years and older: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:523. [PMID: 38886643 PMCID: PMC11181551 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Smoking is a risk factor for sarcopenia. Nevertheless, few studies analyzed the independent effects of various smoking dimensions (duration, intensity, cumulative dose) on sarcopenia risk. This is a cross-sectional study based on an older population in Zhejiang Province to determine which smoking dimensions are mainly important for sarcopenia risk and to explore the dose-response relationship between them. METHODS Our study included 783 patients with sarcopenia and 4918 non-sarcopenic individuals. Logistic regression and restricted cubic with logistic regression (for nonlinear dose effects) were used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals as well as restricted cubic splines (RCS) curves. RESULTS Compared with never-smokers, current smokers had an increased risk of sarcopenia (OR = 1.786; 95% CI 1.387-2.301) after adjusting for confounders such as age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, disease history, etc. There was no significant association between smoking intensity and sarcopenia after more than 20 cigarettes per day (OR = 1.484; 95% CI 0.886-2.487), whereas the risk of sarcopenia increased significantly with increasing duration of smoking after more than 40 years (OR = 1.733; 95% CI 1.214-2.473). Meanwhile, there was a significant non-linear dose-response relationship between smoking duration or intensity and the risk of sarcopenia. However, the risk of sarcopenia increased linearly with the number of pack-years of smoking, which is not a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated the association between smoking and sarcopenia. Both smoking duration and cumulative dose were significantly and positively associated with sarcopenia. These findings reflect the important role of the number of years of smoking in increasing the risk of sarcopenia and provide scientific evidence that different smoking dimensions may influence the risk of the sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfen Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Meiyu Hu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fudong Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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Hou Q, Yao L, Ou J. Research hotspot and frontiers in post-stroke dysphagia: A bibliometric study and visualisation analysis. J Eval Clin Pract 2024; 30:703-715. [PMID: 38652528 DOI: 10.1111/jep.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysphagia, a common complication after stroke, significantly hampers the recovery process of patients, both due to dysphagia itself and the additional complications it causes. Although a large number of articles have been published on post-stroke dysphagia (PSD), bibliometric analysis in this field is still lacking. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research hotspots and trends in PSD, thereby guiding future research efforts. METHODS The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched for articles related to PSD from 2003 to 2022. Data were visualised and analysed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. RESULTS A total of 3102 publications were included in the scientometric analysis, with a gradual increase in the number of papers published each year. The United States emerged as the country with the highest number of publications (625 articles), while the University of Manchester led with the most publications among institutions (67 articles). Notably, Dysphagia was both the most published (254 articles) and the most cited journal (11,141 citations). Among authors, Hamdy S emerged as the most prolific (52 articles), with Martino R being the most cited (1042 citations). CONCLUSION Based on our findings, we anticipate that research hotspots in PSD will mainly focus on complications due to PSD such as stroke-associated pneumonia, stroke-related sarcopenia. Additionally, exploration into the mechanisms and parameters of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques for the treatment of PSD, as well as the rehabilitation needs of patients with PSD, are expected to be key focal points in future research endeavours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinzhi Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liqing Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jibing Ou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza A, Cacicedo J, Castañeda-Babarro A. Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training in Patients With Breast Cancer (CaRTiC Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:161-168. [PMID: 38018533 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creatine supplementation is an effective ergogenic nutrient for athletes, as well as for people starting a health or fitness program. Resistance training has previously been identified as an important method of increasing muscle mass and strength, especially in people with cancer to avoid sarcopenia. The potential of creatine supplementation for adaptations produced by resistance training in patients with cancer is still unknown. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a supervised resistance training program intervention with and without creatine supplementation in patients with breast cancer. METHODS Is a multicentre, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients will be randomly assigned to a control group and 2 experimental groups. The first training resistance group (RG) will perform resistance training, while the second experimental resistance-creatine group will perform the same resistance training as the RG and will also receive a 5 g/d creatine supplementation during the intervention. RG participants will follow the same daily dosing protocol, but in their case, with dextrose/maltodextrin. Resistance training will be a 16-week supervised workout that will consist of a series of resistance exercises (leg press, knee extension, knee bends, chest press, sit-ups, back extensions, pull-ups, and shoulder press) that involve the largest muscle groups, performed 3 times a week on nonconsecutive days. Both the RG and the resistance-creatine group will receive a supplement of soluble protein powder (20 to 30 g) daily. CONCLUSION This intervention will help to better understand the potential of nonpharmacological treatment for improving strength and well-being values in patients with breast cancer with and without creatine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jon Cacicedo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Group for Radiology and Physical Medicine in Oncology, Cruces University Hospital/Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
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Zheng Y, Feng J, Yu Y, Ling M, Wang X. Advances in sarcopenia: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and intervention strategies. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:301-324. [PMID: 38592582 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition characterized by loss of muscle mass. It poses significant health risks in older adults worldwide. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are reported to address this disease. Certain dietary patterns, such as adequate energy intake and essential amino acids, have shown positive outcomes in preserving muscle function. Various medications, including myostatin inhibitors, growth hormones, and activin type II receptor inhibitors, have been evaluated for their effectiveness in managing sarcopenia. However, it is important to consider the variable efficacy and potential side effects associated with these treatments. There are currently no drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for sarcopenia. The ongoing research aims to develop more effective strategies in the future. Our review of research on disease mechanisms and drug development will be a valuable contribution to future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youle Zheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Feng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yixin Yu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Min Ling
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Liu J, Zhu Y, Tan JK, Ismail AH, Ibrahim R, Hassan NH. Factors Associated with Sarcopenia among Elderly Individuals Residing in Community and Nursing Home Settings: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4335. [PMID: 37892411 PMCID: PMC10610239 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the factors associated with sarcopenia in elderly individuals residing in nursing homes and community settings, we conducted a systematic search of databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane, up to May 2023. We incorporated a total of 70 studies into our analysis. Our findings revealed that the prevalence of sarcopenia in nursing homes ranged from 25% to 73.7%, while in community settings, it varied from 5.2% to 62.7%. The factors associated with sarcopenia in both nursing homes and community settings included male gender, BMI, malnutrition, and osteoarthritis. In community settings, these factors comprised age, poor nutrition status, small calf circumference, smoking, physical inactivity, cognitive impairment, diabetes, depression and heart disease. Currently, both the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) standards are widely utilized in nursing homes and community settings, with the EWGSOP standard being more applicable to nursing homes. Identifying factors associated with sarcopenia is of paramount significance, particularly considering that some of them can be modified and managed. Further research is warranted to investigate the impact of preventive measures on these factors in the management of sarcopenia among elderly individuals residing in nursing homes and community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (J.L.); (A.H.I.)
| | - Yuezhi Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.Z.); (J.K.T.)
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.Z.); (J.K.T.)
| | - Azera Hasra Ismail
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (J.L.); (A.H.I.)
| | - Roszita Ibrahim
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Haty Hassan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (J.L.); (A.H.I.)
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Jun SH, Lee JW, Shin WK, Lee SY, Kim Y. Association between plant protein intake and grip strength in Koreans aged 50 years or older: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2018. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:969-983. [PMID: 37780214 PMCID: PMC10522807 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We investigated the association of plant and animal protein intake with grip strength in Koreans aged ≥ 50 yrs. SUBJECTS/METHODS The data was collected from 3,610 men and 4,691 women (≥ 50 yrs) from the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We calculated the total energy intake, and the intake of animal and plant protein and collected dietary data using 1-day 24-h dietary recalls. Low grip strength (LGS) was defined as the lowest quintile (men: up to 26.8 kg, women: up to 15.7 kg). The association of protein intake with grip strength was examined using Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS The results proved that participants with LGS had lower daily energy, protein and fat intake, and percent energy from protein than those with normal or high grip strength (P < 0.0001). Total energy intake, animal protein, and plant protein were positively associated with grip strength. A higher intake of total plant protein (P for trend = 0.004 for men, 0.05 for women) and legumes, nuts, and seeds (LNS) protein (P for trend = 0.01 for men, 0.02 for women) was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of LGS. However, non-LNS plant protein intake was not associated with LGS (P for trend = 0.10 for men, 0.15 for women). In women, a higher total animal protein intake was significantly associated with decreased LGS (P for trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Higher total plant protein and LNS protein intake are negatively associated with LGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook-Hyun Jun
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Sustainable Living System, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- BK21 FOUR Research & Education Center for Sustainable Living System, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Yookyung Kim
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Askari A, Mahmud Hussen B, Taheri M, Kiani A. Sarcopenia and noncoding RNAs: A comprehensive review. J Cell Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37183312 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an elderly disease and is related to frailty and loss of muscle mass (atrophy) of older adults. The exact molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of disease are yet to be discovered. In recent years, the role of noncoding RNAs in the pathogenesis of almost every kind of malignant and nonmalignant conditions is pinpointed. Regarding their regulatory function, there have been an increased number of studies on the role of noncoding RNAs in the progress of sarcopenia. In this manuscript, we review the role of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in development and progression of disease. We also discuss their potential as therapeutic targets in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arian Askari
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Arda Kiani
- Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jung HN, Jung CH, Hwang YC. Sarcopenia in youth. Metabolism 2023; 144:155557. [PMID: 37080353 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has revealed causes other than aging that may induce sarcopenia in young people, contrary to the long-studied age-dependent reduction in muscular mass and function. The risk of sarcopenia begins in early adulthood, resulting in exaggerated muscle dysfunction in later life. Despite its clinical significance, research on youth-onset sarcopenia is still in its infancy. Due to a paucity of epidemiologic data and standardized criteria for sarcopenia in youth, determining the prevalence of sarcopenia in the young population remains challenging. Based on the evidence, >1 in every 10 young adults of most ethnicities is estimated to have sarcopenia. This review summarizes the possible etiologies of sarcopenia in young populations, including metabolic syndrome, physical inactivity, inadequate nutrition, inherent and perinatal factors, vitamin D deficiency, endocrinopathy, an imbalance of gut microbiota, neuromuscular diseases, organ failure, malignancy, and other inflammatory disorders. This is the first review of the current knowledge on the importance, prevalence, diagnosis, and causes of sarcopenia in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Cheol Hwang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea.
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Chechenova M, Stratton H, Kiani K, Gerberich E, Alekseyenko A, Tamba N, An S, Castillo L, Czajkowski E, Talley C, Bryantsev A. Quantitative model of aging-related muscle degeneration: a Drosophila study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.19.529145. [PMID: 36865342 PMCID: PMC9980004 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.19.529145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the composition and functionality of somatic muscles is a universal hallmark of aging that is displayed by a wide range of species. In humans, complications arising from muscle decline due to sarcopenia aggravate morbidity and mortality rates. The genetics of aging-related deterioration of muscle tissue is not well understood, which prompted us to characterize aging-related muscle degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), a leading model organism in experimental genetics. Adult flies demonstrate spontaneous degeneration of muscle fibers in all types of somatic muscles, which correlates with functional, chronological, and populational aging. Morphological data imply that individual muscle fibers die by necrosis. Using quantitative analysis, we demonstrate that muscle degeneration in aging flies has a genetic component. Chronic neuronal overstimulation of muscles promotes fiber degeneration rates, suggesting a role for the nervous system in muscle aging. From the other hand, muscles decoupled from neuronal stimulation retain a basal level of spontaneous degeneration, suggesting the presence of intrinsic factors. Based on our characterization, Drosophila can be adopted for systematic screening and validation of genetic factors linked to aging-related muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chechenova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Hannah Stratton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Kaveh Kiani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Erik Gerberich
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Alesia Alekseyenko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Natasya Tamba
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - SooBin An
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Lizzet Castillo
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Emily Czajkowski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Christina Talley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Anton Bryantsev
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA
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Ibarra-Tapia IY, Juárez-Sandoval A, Pérez IT, Cano-Martínez LJ, Sánchez-García S, Ruiz-Batalla JM, Aroche-Reyes IA, García S, Canto P, Mejía DR, Coral-Vázquez RM. Association of polymorphisms rs2303729, rs10880, and rs1131620 of LTBP4 with sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:311-316. [PMID: 36524797 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2152489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latent TGFβ binding protein 4 (LTBP4) modifies skeletal muscle function, and polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with a longer ambulation time in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. However, no studies associate these polymorphisms with an acquired muscle condition. AIM The study aims to determine whether three functional variants within the LTBP4 were associated with sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS We performed an analysis with 144 elderly individuals with T2DM, including 101 without sarcopenia and 43 with sarcopenia. Polymorphism frequency was determined by real-time PCR allelic discrimination TaqMan assay. RESULTS Under different genetic models, the univariant analysis did not show a significant association of any polymorphism with sarcopenia. But the multivariate model analysis showed that variant rs1131620 (OR 7.852, 95% CI 1.854-33.257, p = 0.005) was significantly associated with sarcopenia under a dominant model. Under the same analysis, the variants rs2303729 and rs10880 had a more discrete association (OR 3.537 95% CI 1.078-11.607, p = 0.037; OR 5.008, 95% CI 1.120-22.399, p = 0.035, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of studying LTBP4 polymorphisms associated with sarcopenia. These findings suggest that the rs1131620 polymorphism of the LTBP4 may be part of the observed sarcopenia process in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Yali Ibarra-Tapia
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ariadna Juárez-Sandoval
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Itzel Torres Pérez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis Javier Cano-Martínez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Área Envejecimiento. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Silvia García
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Patricia Canto
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - David-Rojano Mejía
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad de Traumatología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ortopedia y Rehabilitación "Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez", Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ramón Mauricio Coral-Vázquez
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Ciudad de México, México.,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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14
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Yang Y, Zhang Q, He C, Chen J, Deng D, Lu W, Wang Y. Prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in women than in men: a cross-sectional study from a rural area in eastern China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13678. [PMID: 35935249 PMCID: PMC9354735 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There were limited studies specifically evaluating whether the difference of the prevalence of sarcopenia exists in men and women in older adults from rural areas in China. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia between men and women in a rural area in eastern China and to explore the underlying causes. Methods This study included 1,105 participants aged 60-89 years. Muscle mass was measured by bio-electrical impedance analysis. Hand grip strength was measured by Jamar Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia-2019 Consensus. Data were analyzed using log-binomial and linear regression. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 21.7% in women and 12.9% in men among the study cohort. After adjusting for age, education level, number of diseases, income level, smoking, drinking, and eating habits, proportion of people with sarcopenia was 1.49-fold greater in women than in men (PR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.01-2.26], P = 0.055). Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly women in this rural area of eastern China is higher than in men, suggesting that women in rural areas in China seem to be more vulnerable for sarcopenia, thus early screening and prevention need to be provided for them to address such gender disparity in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caihong He
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danfeng Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Polygenic Models Partially Predict Muscle Size and Strength but Not Low Muscle Mass in Older Women. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060982. [PMID: 35741744 PMCID: PMC9223182 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Heritability explains 45-82% of muscle mass and strength variation, yet polygenic models for muscle phenotypes in older women are scarce. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to (1) assess if total genotype predisposition score (GPSTOTAL) for a set of polymorphisms differed between older women with low and high muscle mass, and (2) utilise a data-driven GPS (GPSDD) to predict the variance in muscle size and strength-related phenotypes. Methods: In three-hundred 60- to 91-year-old Caucasian women (70.7 ± 5.7 years), skeletal muscle mass, biceps brachii thickness, vastus lateralis anatomical cross-sectional area (VLACSA), hand grip strength (HGS), and elbow flexion (MVCEF) and knee extension (MVCKE) maximum voluntary contraction were measured. Participants were classified as having low muscle mass if the skeletal muscle index (SMI) < 6.76 kg/m2 or relative skeletal muscle mass (%SMMr) < 22.1%. Genotyping was completed for 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). GPSTOTAL was calculated from 23 SNPs and compared between the low and high muscle mass groups. A GPSDD was performed to identify the association of SNPs with other skeletal muscle phenotypes. Results: There was no significant difference in GPSTOTAL between low and high muscle mass groups, irrespective of classification based on SMI or %SMMr. The GPSDD model, using 23 selected SNPs, revealed that 13 SNPs were associated with at least one skeletal muscle phenotype: HIF1A rs11549465 was associated with four phenotypes and, in descending number of phenotype associations, ACE rs4341 with three; PTK2 rs7460 and CNTFR rs2070802 with two; and MTHFR rs17421511, ACVR1B rs10783485, CNTF rs1800169, MTHFR rs1801131, MTHFR rs1537516, TRHR rs7832552, MSTN rs1805086, COL1A1 rs1800012, and FTO rs9939609 with one phenotype. The GPSDD with age included as a predictor variable explained 1.7% variance of biceps brachii thickness, 12.5% of VLACSA, 19.0% of HGS, 8.2% of MVCEF, and 9.6% of MVCKE. Conclusions: In older women, GPSTOTAL did not differ between low and high muscle mass groups. However, GPSDD was associated with muscle size and strength phenotypes. Further advancement of polygenic models to understand skeletal muscle function during ageing might become useful in targeting interventions towards older adults most likely to lose physical independence.
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16
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Association between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and sarcopenia and its components: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5666. [PMID: 35383191 PMCID: PMC8983668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no previous study that investigated the association between dietary intake of total and individual branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and odds of sarcopenia. The present study aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of BCAAs and sarcopenia and its components among Iranian adults. The data for this cross-sectional study was collected in 2011 among 300 older people (150 men and 150 female) with aged ≥ 55 years. We used a Block-format 117-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to evaluate usual dietary intakes. BCAAs intake was calculated by summing up the amount of valine, leucine and isoleucine intake from all food items in the FFQ. The European Sarcopenia Working Group (EWGSOP) definition was used to determine sarcopenia and its components. Mean age of study participants was 66.8 years and 51% were female. Average intake of BCAAs was 12.8 ± 5.1 g/day. Prevalence of sarcopenia and its components was not significantly different across tertile categories of total and individual BCAAs intake. We found no significant association between total BCAAs intake and odds of sarcopenia (OR for comparison of extreme tertiles 0.48, 95% CI 0.19–1.19, P-trend = 0.10) and its components (For muscle mass 0.83, 95% CI 0.39–1.77, P-trend = 0.63; for hand grip strength 0.81, 95% CI 0.37–1.75, P-trend: 0.59; for gait speed 1.22, 95% CI 0.58–2.57, P-trend = 0.56). After adjusting for potential confounders, this non-significant relationship did not alter. In addition, we did not find any significant association between individual BCAAs intake and odds of sarcopenia or its components. We found no significant association between dietary intakes of BCAAs and sarcopenia in crude model (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.29–1.26). After controlling for several potential confounders, the result remained insignificant (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.19–1.19). In this cross-sectional study, no significant association was observed between dietary intakes of total and individual BCAAs and odds of sarcopenia and its components.
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17
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Lidoriki I, Mylonas KS, Syllaios A, Vergadis C, Stratigopoulou P, Marinos G, Mastoraki A, Karavokyros I, Schizas D. The Impact of Nutritional and Functional Status on Postoperative Outcomes following Esophageal Cancer Surgery. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:2846-2858. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2036769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lidoriki
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos S. Mylonas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Syllaios
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Georgios Marinos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Mastoraki
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Karavokyros
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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18
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Choe EK, Shivakumar M, Verma A, Verma SS, Choi SH, Kim JS, Kim D. Leveraging deep phenotyping from health check-up cohort with 10,000 Korean individuals for phenome-wide association study of 136 traits. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1930. [PMID: 35121771 PMCID: PMC8817039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The expanding use of the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) faces challenges in the context of using International Classification of Diseases billing codes for phenotype definition, imbalanced study population ethnicity, and constrained application of the results in research. We performed a PheWAS utilizing 136 deep phenotypes corroborated by comprehensive health check-ups in a Korean population, along with trans-ethnic comparisons through using the UK Biobank and Biobank Japan Project. Meta-analysis with Korean and Japanese population was done. The PheWAS associated 65 phenotypes with 14,101 significant variants (P < 4.92 × 10-10). Network analysis, visualization of cross-phenotype mapping, and causal inference mapping with Mendelian randomization were conducted. Among phenotype pairs from the genotype-driven cross-phenotype associations, we evaluated penetrance in correlation analysis using a clinical database. We focused on the application of PheWAS in order to make it robust and to aid the derivation of biological meaning post-PheWAS. This comprehensive analysis of PheWAS results based on a health check-up database will provide researchers and clinicians with a panoramic overview of the networks among multiple phenotypes and genetic variants, laying groundwork for the practical application of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Choe
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, B304 Richards Building, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6116, USA.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, 06236, South Korea
| | - Manu Shivakumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, B304 Richards Building, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6116, USA
| | - Anurag Verma
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shefali Setia Verma
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, 06236, South Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, 06236, South Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, B304 Richards Building, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6116, USA. .,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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19
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Identification of Preoperative Fat-Free Mass Index for the Prognosis of Curatively Resected Esophageal Cancer. World J Surg 2022; 46:845-854. [PMID: 34985544 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06435-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progressive, systemic depletion of muscle mass is a poor prognostic factor for various types of cancers. However, the assessment of body composition for patients with esophagectomy remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the significance of the fat-free mass index (FFMI) and estimated the appropriate cutoff value. METHODS We compiled clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent curative operation for esophageal cancer between October 2013 and March 2018 at Toranomon Hospital and reviewed them until December 2020. We analyzed the short- and long-term outcomes, compared to conventional nutritional factors, and calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS A total of 200 patients were eligible for inclusion. FFMI was ineffective in predicting postoperative complications, with no correlation with other nutritional biomarkers. Preoperative low FFMI led to poor overall survival (OS), and the lower cutoff values based on the time-dependent ROC analysis were 14.4 and 16.8 kg/m2 in women and men, respectively. Multivariate analysis for OS revealed that low FFMI (p = 0.010, HR 2.437, 95% CI 1.234-4.815) and clinical stage (p = 0.010, HR 4.781, 95% CI 1.447-15.796) were independent prognostic factors. The 3-year survival rates were 68.9% in low FFMI and 88.6% in normal FFMI. CONCLUSIONS The low FFMI was not predictive of postoperative complications but an independent prognostic factor in esophageal cancer with curative resection, having no correlation with other biomarkers. Our cutoff FFMI values could be useful in selecting the target for muscle improvement programs.
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A Multifactorial Approach for Sarcopenia Assessment: A Literature Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121354. [PMID: 34943268 PMCID: PMC8698408 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcopenia is characterized by an accelerated decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength, which results in poor quality of life, disability, and death. In the literature, sarcopenia is defined as the progressive breakdown of muscle tissue. The prevalence ranges from 5% to 13% in people 60–70 years old and from 11% to 50% in people older than 80 years. The comparison of risk factors associated with sarcopenia based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (1 and 2) in Older People, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (1 and 2), the International Working Group on Sarcopenia, and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health revealed no consistent patterns. Accordingly, the identification of a single risk factor for sarcopenia is unpredictable. Due to its “multifactorial” pathogenesis related to the involvement of a multitude of factors. In this review, we summarize 13 relevant risk factors associated with this disease that are important to consider prior to embarking on any related sarcopenia research. We suggest that researchers should concentrate on the biology of sarcopenia to develop a uniform consensus for screening this condition. In this review, we identify 50 biochemical markers across six pathways that have previously been investigated in subjects with sarcopenia. We suggest that these summarized biomarkers can be considered in future diagnosis to determine the biology of this disorder, thereby contributing to further research findings. As a result, a uniform consensus may also need to be established for screening and defining the disease. Sarcopenia is associated with a number of adverse economic and social outcomes, including disability, hospitalization, and death. In relation to this, we propose that we need to develop strategies including exercise interventions in the COVID-19 era to delay the onset and effects of sarcopenia. This suggestion should impact on sarcopenia’s primary and secondary outcomes, including physical, medical, social, and financial interactions. Abstract Sarcopenia refers to a progressive and generalized weakness of skeletal muscle as individuals age. Sarcopenia usually occurs after the age of 60 years and is associated with a persistent decline in muscle strength, function, and quality. A comparison of the risk factors associated with sarcopenia based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (1 and 2) in Older People, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (1 and 2), the International Working Group on Sarcopenia, and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health revealed no consistent patterns. Accordingly, the identification of a single risk factor for sarcopenia is unpredictable due to its “multifactorial” pathogenesis, with the involvement of a multitude of factors. Therefore, the first aim of this review was to outline and propose that the multiple factors associated with sarcopenia need to be considered in combination in the design of new experimentation in this area. A secondary aim was to highlight the biochemical risk factors that are already identified in subjects with sarcopenia to assist scientists in understanding the biology of the pathophysiological mechanisms affecting the old people with sarcopenia. We also briefly discuss primary outcomes (physical) and secondary outcomes (social and financial) of sarcopenia. For future investigative purposes, this comprehensive review may be useful in considering important risk factors in the utilization of a panel of biomarkers emanating from all pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. This may help to establish a uniform consensus for screening and defining this disease. Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, its impact may be exacerbated in older populations, which requires immediate attention. Here, we briefly suggest strategies for advancing the development of smart technologies to deliver exercise in the COVID-19 era in an attempt regress the onset of sarcopenia. These strategies may also have an impact on sarcopenia’s primary and secondary outcomes.
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21
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Wu SE, Chen WL. A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Risk Loci for Sarcopenia in a Taiwanese Population. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5969-5980. [PMID: 34815687 PMCID: PMC8605878 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s338724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sarcopenia unraveled the importance of genetic contribution to decline in muscle. The current study investigated sarcopenia-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Asian older adults, and further constructed a genotype score that tests the combined effect of these SNPs on risk of sarcopenia. Patients and Methods Ninety-six subjects aged 60 or above were recruited from the database of annual geriatric health examination at Tri-Service General Hospital during 2020. Eligible criteria included: 1) not having severe comorbidities; 2) agreed to join the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative project; and 3) having sufficient information of required sarcopenic measurements. Genotype–phenotype association analysis was performed to find SNPs that were significantly associated with each of three sarcopenic indices (low muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance). Subsequently, these SNPs comprised a sarcopenia-related genotype score that summed up the number of SNPs carrying unfavorable allele(s). Results Twelve SNPs revealed suggestive genome-wide significance with the three sarcopenic indices, and eight of them revealed a relationship with more than one index. Low muscle strength was the item that had the most (eight) related SNPs. Among them, rs10282247 affects cholesterol binding and rs7022373 participates in cellular apoptosis. In addition, higher genotype score demonstrated higher risk of sarcopenia (≥4 points: OR=630.6; 2–3 points: OR=408, p-value<0.001). Conclusion Several newly discovered SNPs suggest that genetic contribution plays a part in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Further studies are warranted to verify the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, a genotype score provides an estimate of the combined effect of genetic association with sarcopenia, which may modestly improve clinical risk classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-En Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan, Republic of China
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22
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Influence of Polymorphism on the NFkB1 Gene (rs28362491) on the Susceptibility to Sarcopenia in the Elderly of the Brazilian Amazon. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101045. [PMID: 34683186 PMCID: PMC8537608 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by progressive reduction in muscle mass and strength or function. Although it is known that sarcopenia may be associated with environmental factors, studies suggest the identification of genes related to skeletal muscle maintenance that explain the susceptibility to the disease. OBJECTIVE To analyze the influence of NFkB1 gene polymorphism on susceptibility to sarcopenia in the elderly. METHODS This is a case-control study, which included 219 elderly people, 74 elderly people with sarcopenia, and 145 without sarcopenia. Samples were analyzed for NFkB1 gene polymorphism (rs28362491), genotyped in PCR, and followed by fragment analysis. To avoid misinterpretation due to population substructure, we applied a previously developed set of 61 informative ancestral markers that were genotyped by multiplex PCR. We used logistic regression to identify differences in genotypic frequencies between elderly people with and without sarcopenia. RESULTS It was observed that the NFkB1 gene polymorphism presented frequencies of 24%, 50%, and 26% for the genotype DEL/DEL, DEL/INS, and INS/INS, respectively. Furthermore, elderly individuals with the INS/INS genotype had increased chances (p = 0.010; OR:2.943; 95%CI:1.301-6.654) for the development of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION The INDEL polymorphism of the NFkB1 gene (rs28362491) may influence the susceptibility to sarcopenia in the elderly in elderly people in the Amazon.
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Skrzypczak D, Skrzypczak-Zielińska M, Ratajczak AE, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Eder P, Słomski R, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Myostatin and Follistatin-New Kids on the Block in the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia in IBD and Possible Therapeutic Implications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101301. [PMID: 34680417 PMCID: PMC8533148 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which is a decrease in muscle strength and quality of muscle tissue, is a common disorder among patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease. This particular group of patients often presents with malnutrition and shows low physical activity, which increases the risk of sarcopenia. Another important factor in the development of sarcopenia is an imbalanced ratio of myostatin and follistatin, which may stem from inflammation as well as genetic factors. Currently, research in this area continues, and is aimed at identifying an effective medication for the treatment of this condition. Additionally, we still have no sarcopenia markers that can be used for diagnosis. In this paper, we address the role of myostatin and follistatin as potential markers in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, particularly in view of the genetic and biological aspects. We also present data on new perspectives in the pharmacotherapy of sarcopenia (i.e., myostatin inhibitors and gene therapy). Nevertheless, knowledge is still scarce about the roles of follistatin and myostatin in sarcopenia development among patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, which warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Skrzypczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Street 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.S.-T.); (P.E.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (I.K.-K.); Tel.: +48-618691343 (D.S.); +48-601-256-715 (I.K.-K.); Fax: +48-8691-314 (I.K.-K.)
| | - Marzena Skrzypczak-Zielińska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznan, Strzeszynska Street 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (M.S.-Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Street 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.S.-T.); (P.E.); (A.D.)
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Street 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.S.-T.); (P.E.); (A.D.)
| | - Piotr Eder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Street 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.S.-T.); (P.E.); (A.D.)
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences Poznan, Strzeszynska Street 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland; (M.S.-Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Street 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.S.-T.); (P.E.); (A.D.)
| | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Street 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.E.R.); (A.S.-T.); (P.E.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (I.K.-K.); Tel.: +48-618691343 (D.S.); +48-601-256-715 (I.K.-K.); Fax: +48-8691-314 (I.K.-K.)
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24
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Feike Y, Zhijie L, Wei C. Advances in research on pharmacotherapy of sarcopenia. Aging Med (Milton) 2021; 4:221-233. [PMID: 34553120 PMCID: PMC8444957 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a comprehensive degenerative disease with the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass with age, accompanied by the loss of muscle strength and muscle dysfunction. As a new type of senile syndrome, sarcopenia seriously threatens the health of the elderly. The first-line treatment for sarcopenia is exercise and nutritional supplements. However, pharmacotherapy will provide more reliable and sustainable interventions in geriatric medicine. Clinical trials of new drugs targeting multiple molecules are ongoing. This article focuses on the latest progress in pharmacotherapeutic approaches of sarcopenia in recent years by comprehensively reviewing the clinical outcomes of the existing and emerging pharmacotherapies as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying their therapeutic benefits and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feike
- Department of Geriatric MedicineThe Central Hospital of Changsha CityChangshaChina
| | - Liu Zhijie
- Department of Geriatric MedicineThe Central Hospital of Changsha CityChangshaChina
| | - Chen Wei
- Department of Geriatric MedicineThe Central Hospital of Changsha CityChangshaChina
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25
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Pimenta I, Mateus H, Rodrigues-Manica S, Pinheiro-Torres R, Neto A, Domingues L, Lage Crespo C, Sardoo A, Machado P, Branco JC, Silva SN, Pimentel-Santos FM. The Effect of ACTN3 and VDR Polymorphisms on Skeletal Muscle Performance in Axial Spondyloarthropathies. Front Genet 2021; 12:688984. [PMID: 34456969 PMCID: PMC8385750 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.688984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spondyloarthritis (SpA) are the most common group of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases affecting about 1.5% of the adult Caucasian population. Low back pain is the most common symptom. The aetiopathogenesis of SpA is multifactorial, with well-known genetic and environmental contributions. Furthermore, muscle properties might also be involved in the pathophysiological process and these could be modulated by the genetic background. Alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes are well-known genes related with muscle performance. Our aim was to analyze four SNPs of these genes and to evaluate their influence in axial SpA (axSpA) susceptibility, phenotype and muscle properties. Methods We performed a pilot study based on case-control approach involving 56 participants: 28 axSpA patients and 28 healthy controls matched by age, gender and levels of physical activity. Clinical, epidemiological and muscle characterization data—muscle physical properties (stiffness, tone, and elasticity), strength, mass, and performance, were collected. Two different muscles were considered for analysis, the Multifidus and Gastrocnemius. Four SNPs of ACTN3 (rs1815739) and VDR (rs2228570, rs731236, and rs7975232), were selected, analyzed and correlated with clinical, epidemiological and muscle characterization data. Results In total, 51 individuals (27 axSpA patients and 24 matched controls) were eligible for further genetic analysis, 66.7% being male and with a mean age of 36 years. Muscle physical properties, muscle strength and muscle mass were similar in both groups; however, axSpA patients showed a decrease in muscle performance. None of the studied SNPs were associated with disease susceptibility/phenotype, muscle physical properties, muscle strength or muscle mass. However, ACTN3 rs1815739 and VDR rs2228570 were shown to be associated with muscle performance. Conclusion Our results suggest an association between ACTN3 and VDR polymorphisms and muscle performance in axSpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pimenta
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Mateus
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Santiago Rodrigues-Manica
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Serviço de Reumatologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Pinheiro-Torres
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Serviço de Reumatologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Agna Neto
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Serviço de Reumatologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Domingues
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Saúde, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Carolina Lage Crespo
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Atlas Sardoo
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Machado
- Centre for Rheumatology and Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaime C Branco
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Serviço de Reumatologia, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana N Silva
- Center for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Pimentel-Santos
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Serviço de Reumatologia, Lisboa, Portugal
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Belli R, Ferraro E, Molfino A, Carletti R, Tambaro F, Costelli P, Muscaritoli M. Liquid Biopsy for Cancer Cachexia: Focus on Muscle-Derived microRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169007. [PMID: 34445710 PMCID: PMC8396502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia displays a complex nature in which systemic inflammation, impaired energy metabolism, loss of muscle and adipose tissues result in unintentional body weight loss. Cachectic patients have a poor prognosis and the presence of cachexia reduces the tolerability of chemo/radio-therapy treatments and it is frequently the primary cause of death in advanced cancer patients. Early detection of this condition could make treatments more effective. However, early diagnostic biomarkers of cachexia are currently lacking. In recent years, although solid biopsy still remains the "gold standard" for diagnosis of cancer, liquid biopsy is gaining increasing interest as a source of easily accessible potential biomarkers. Moreover, the growing interest in circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), has made these molecules attractive for the diagnosis of several diseases, including cancer. Some muscle-derived circulating miRNA might play a pivotal role in the onset/progression of cancer cachexia. This topic is of great interest since circulating miRNAs might be easily detectable by means of liquid biopsies and might allow an early diagnosis of this syndrome. We here summarize the current knowledge on circulating muscular miRNAs involved in muscle atrophy, since they might represent easily accessible and promising biomarkers of cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Belli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (M.M.); Tel./Fax: +390-649-972-020 (M.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Ferraro
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessio Molfino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Federica Tambaro
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Paola Costelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Muscaritoli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (M.M.); Tel./Fax: +390-649-972-020 (M.M.)
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27
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The Leucine Catabolite and Dietary Supplement β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) as an Epigenetic Regulator in Muscle Progenitor Cells. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080512. [PMID: 34436453 PMCID: PMC8399199 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) is a natural catabolite of leucine deemed to play a role in amino acid signaling and the maintenance of lean muscle mass. Accordingly, HMB is used as a dietary supplement by sportsmen and has shown some clinical effectiveness in preventing muscle wasting in cancer and chronic lung disease, as well as in age-dependent sarcopenia. However, the molecular cascades underlying these beneficial effects are largely unknown. HMB bears a significant structural similarity with Butyrate and β-Hydroxybutyrate (βHB), two compounds recognized for important epigenetic and histone-marking activities in multiple cell types including muscle cells. We asked whether similar chromatin-modifying actions could be assigned to HMB as well. Exposure of murine C2C12 myoblasts to millimolar concentrations of HMB led to an increase in global histone acetylation, as monitored by anti-acetylated lysine immunoblotting, while preventing myotube differentiation. In these effects, HMB resembled, although with less potency, the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Sodium Butyrate. However, initial studies did not confirm a direct inhibitory effect of HMB on HDACs in vitro. β-Hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body produced by the liver during starvation or intense exercise, has a modest effect on histone acetylation of C2C12 cells or in vitro HDAC inhibitor activities, and, unlike Butyrate and HMB, did not interfere with myotube formation in a myoblast differentiation assay. Instead, βHB dramatically increased lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) of histone tails, an epigenetic mark associated with fasting responses and muscle catabolic states. However, when C2C12 cells were exposed to βHB in the presence of equimolar HMB this chromatin modification was drastically reduced, pointing to a role for HMB in attenuating ketosis-associated muscle wasting. In conclusion, while their mechanistic underpinnings remain to be clarified, these preliminary observations highlight novel and potentially important activities of HMB as an epigenetic regulator and βHB antagonist in muscle precursor cells, to be further explored in their biomedical implications.
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28
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Zhang X, Ye L, Li X, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Li W, Wen Y. The association between sarcopenia susceptibility and polymorphisms of FTO, ACVR2B, and IRS1 in Tibetans. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1747. [PMID: 34302448 PMCID: PMC8404241 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia within the plateau has a negative effect on skeletal muscle and may play a role in the development of sarcopenia in humans. Tibetans having lived in the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau for thousands of years, are a high‐risk group for sarcopenia; however, they have a distinctive suite of genetic traits that enable them to tolerate environmental hypoxia and are genetically significantly different from Han Chinese and other lowland populations. Sarcopenia has been consistently found to be associated with single‐nucleotide polymorphisms, but few studies have investigated the role of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in a range of muscle phenotypes and sarcopenia in Tibetan peoples. Methods Our study aimed to investigate the skeletal muscle mass and fat mass of 160 Tibetans (80 men and 80 women) from Lhasa (altitude of 3600 meters) and analyze the association between the polymorphisms of fat mass and obesity protein (FTO) rs9939609, FTO rs9936385, activin type IIB receptor (ACVR2B) rs2276541, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) 2943656 and sarcopenia. Result FTO rs9939609 and rs9936385 polymorphisms were associated with lower limb skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia for Tibetan women, and TT homozygotes had a higher risk for sarcopenia. But ACVR2B rs2276541 and IRS1 2943656 polymorphisms were unassociated with sarcopenia in Tibetan. Conclusion In Tibetans, FTO rs9939609 and rs9936385 polymorphisms were associated with sarcopenia, and ACVR2B rs2276541 and IRS1 2943656 polymorphisms were unassociated with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Zhang
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yaqiong Jiang
- Tama Community Health Center of Chengguan District, Lhasa, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Youfeng Wen
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Yoon JH, Kwon KS. Receptor-Mediated Muscle Homeostasis as a Target for Sarcopenia Therapeutics. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:478-490. [PMID: 34218646 PMCID: PMC8258343 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by age-related decline of skeletal muscle mass and function. The molecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of sarcopenia form a complex network due to the involvement of multiple interconnected signaling pathways. Therefore, signaling receptors are major targets in pharmacological strategies in general. To provide a rationale for pharmacological interventions for sarcopenia, we herein describe several druggable signaling receptors based on their role in skeletal muscle homeostasis and changes in their activity with aging. A brief overview is presented of the efficacy of corresponding drug candidates under clinical trials. Strategies targeting the androgen receptor, vitamin D receptor, Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, and ghrelin receptor primarily focus on promoting anabolic action using natural ligands or mimetics. Strategies involving activin receptors and angiotensin receptors focus on inhibiting catabolic action. This review may help to select specific targets or combinations of targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyeon Yoon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Aventi Inc., Daejeon, Korea
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30
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Khanal P, He L, Herbert AJ, Stebbings GK, Onambele-Pearson GL, Degens H, Morse CI, Thomis M, Williams AG. The Association of Multiple Gene Variants with Ageing Skeletal Muscle Phenotypes in Elderly Women. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11121459. [PMID: 33291384 PMCID: PMC7762041 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a scarcity of studies that have investigated the role of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on a range of muscle phenotypes in an elderly population. The present study investigated the possible association of 24 SNPs with skeletal muscle phenotypes in 307 elderly Caucasian women (aged 60–91 years, 66.3 ± 11.3 kg). Skeletal muscle phenotypes included biceps brachii thickness, vastus lateralis cross-sectional areas, maximal hand grip strength, isometric knee extension and elbow flexion torque. Genotyping for 24 SNPs, chosen on their skeletal muscle structural or functional links, was conducted on DNA extracted from blood or saliva. Of the 24 SNPs, 10 were associated with at least one skeletal muscle phenotype. HIF1A rs11549465 was associated with three skeletal muscle phenotypes and PTK2 rs7460 and ACVR1B rs10783485 were each associated with two phenotypes. PTK2 rs7843014, COL1A1 rs1800012, CNTF rs1800169, NOS3 rs1799983, MSTN rs1805086, TRHR rs7832552 and FTO rs9939609 were each associated with one. Elderly women possessing favourable genotypes were 3.6–13.2% stronger and had 4.6–14.7% larger muscle than those with less favourable genotypes. These associations, together with future work involving a broader range of SNPs, may help identify individuals at particular risk of an age-associated loss of independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praval Khanal
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (L.H.); (G.K.S.); (G.L.O.-P.); (C.I.M.); (A.G.W.)
- Department of Movement Sciences, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +977-9841528705
| | - Lingxiao He
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (L.H.); (G.K.S.); (G.L.O.-P.); (C.I.M.); (A.G.W.)
- Department of Movement Sciences, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Adam J. Herbert
- Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B5 5JU, UK;
| | - Georgina K. Stebbings
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (L.H.); (G.K.S.); (G.L.O.-P.); (C.I.M.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Gladys L. Onambele-Pearson
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (L.H.); (G.K.S.); (G.L.O.-P.); (C.I.M.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK;
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunsas, Lithuania
- Pharmacy of Targu Mures, University of Medicine, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Christopher I. Morse
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (L.H.); (G.K.S.); (G.L.O.-P.); (C.I.M.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Martine Thomis
- Department of Movement Sciences, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Alun G. Williams
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (L.H.); (G.K.S.); (G.L.O.-P.); (C.I.M.); (A.G.W.)
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK
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31
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Ligibel JA, Schmitz KH, Berger NA. Sarcopenia in aging, obesity, and cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5760-5771. [PMID: 33163373 PMCID: PMC7643855 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-2019-eaoc-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, defined as loss of muscle mass, strength and physical performance, is a hallmark of aging and is invariably associated with perturbation of amino acid metabolism, increased muscle protein catabolism relative to anabolism, and loss of muscle fibers. Sarcopenia may be associated with general loss of body mass, or it may also occur along with obesity [sarcopenic obesity (SO)]. Although sarcopenia is associated with multiple comorbidities in older adults, its effects may even be more severe in patients with malignant disease where it has been shown to contribute to poor surgical outcomes, increased chemotherapy toxicity associated with both cytotoxic and targeted agents, as well as adversely impacting survival. While development of sarcopenia is a common age-related phenomenon, the associated catabolic processes appear to be promoted by physical inactivity, inadequate nutrition, and systemic low-grade inflammation, as well as intrinsic muscle and molecular changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired muscle stem cell regenerative capacity. Increased physical activity and adequate protein intake can reduce incidence and severity of sarcopenia in cancer patients, but many older cancer patients do not meet physical activity and nutrition recommendations, and cancer treatment can make it more difficult to make favorable lifestyle changes. Sarcopenia is discussed in terms of its adverse clinical consequences in older subjects and particularly, in older patients with cancer. Contributions of lifestyle, molecular, and cellular factors are likewise reviewed with suggestions for interventions to improve sarcopenia and its comorbid sequalae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Ligibel
- Division of Women’s Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn H. Schmitz
- Department Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nathan A. Berger
- Department Medicine, Biochemistry, Oncology, Genetics & Genome Sciences, Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Romero-Blanco C, Artiga González MJ, Gómez-Cabello A, Vila-Maldonado S, Casajús JA, Ara I, Aznar S. ACTN3 R577X polymorphism related to sarcopenia and physical fitness in active older women. Climacteric 2020; 24:89-94. [PMID: 32602369 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2020.1776248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the population is getting older, physical activity promotion becomes a good strategy to increase quality of life in the elderly; but genetic condition also plays an important role. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism with physical fitness and muscle mass in physically active older women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed with two groups of older women who practiced physical exercise regularly. The first cohort comprised 164 women (age 69.7 ± 3.2 years) and the second cohort 131 women (age 78.5 ± 3.0 years). The main outcome measures were anthropometric measures with assessment of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, self-reported physical activity EXERNET questionnaire (EEPAQ), evaluation of physical fitness (muscle strength and flexibility test), and ACTN3 genotyping. RESULTS Women above 75 years old with allele R presented a higher risk of experiencing sarcopenia compared to ACTNR XX homozygous women (odds ratio 0.356, 95% confidence interval 0.139-0.915, p = 0.026). Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found in the chair stand test (p = 0.04), as well as in the sit and reach test (p = 0.01), with better results for women below 75 years old with the ACTN3 XX genotype. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenia and physical fitness show differences based on the ACTN3 R577X genotype in active older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Romero-Blanco
- PAFS Research Group (Physical Activity and Health Promotion Research Group), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBERFES Research Group (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A Gómez-Cabello
- GENUD Research Group (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S Vila-Maldonado
- GENUD Toledo Research Group (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - J A Casajús
- GENUD Research Group (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Ara
- CIBERFES Research Group (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable), Madrid, Spain.,GENUD Toledo Research Group (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - S Aznar
- PAFS Research Group (Physical Activity and Health Promotion Research Group), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBERFES Research Group (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable), Madrid, Spain
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33
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Nutrition and Sarcopenia-What Do We Know? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061755. [PMID: 32545408 PMCID: PMC7353446 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle health is important for the functionality and independence of older adults, and certain nutrients as well as dietary patterns have been shown to offer protective effects against declines in strength and function associated with aging. In this paper, micronutrients, macronutrients, and food groups have been reviewed, along with their studied effects on the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia, as well as their ability to preserve muscle mass and optimize physical performance. Randomized controlled trials appear to suggest a critical role for dietary intake of protein in preventing sarcopenia and muscle loss, although the optimal dose and type of protein is unknown. There are some promising data regarding the role of vitamin D and sarcopenia, but it is unclear whether the dose, frequency of dose, or length of treatment impacts the efficacy of vitamin D on improving muscle mass or function. Selenium, magnesium, and omega 3 fatty acids have been studied as supplements in clinical trials and in the diet, and they appear to demonstrate a potential association with physical activity and muscle performance in older individuals. Following the Mediterranean diet and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables have been associated with improved physical performance and protection against muscle wasting, sarcopenia, and frailty.
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Yanai K, Kaneko S, Ishii H, Aomatsu A, Ito K, Hirai K, Ookawara S, Ishibashi K, Morishita Y. MicroRNAs in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:180. [PMID: 32549041 PMCID: PMC7270169 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle, has been reported to contribute to development of physical disabilities, various illnesses, and increasing mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that inhibit translation of target messenger RNAs. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs play pivotal roles in the development of sarcopenia. Therefore, this systematic review focuses on miRNAs that regulate sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yanai
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shohei Kaneko
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishii
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akinori Aomatsu
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Division of Intensive Care Unit, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Ito
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiji Hirai
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Susumu Ookawara
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Morishita
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Koyanagi A, Veronese N, Solmi M, Oh H, Shin JI, Jacob L, Yang L, Haro JM, Smith L. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Sarcopenia among Older Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030706. [PMID: 32155879 PMCID: PMC7146581 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable consumption may protect against sarcopenia but there are no studies on this topic from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, we assessed this association among older adults from six LMICs. Community-based cross-sectional data of the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low skeletal muscle mass based on indirect population formula, and either slow gait or low handgrip strength. Quintiles of vegetable and fruit consumption were created based on the number of servings consumed on a typical day. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The sample consisted of 14,585 individuals aged ≥65 years (mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.4) years; 55% females). Adjusted analyses showed that overall, compared to the lowest quintile (Q1), the highest quintile (Q5) of fruit consumption was associated with a 40% lower odds for sarcopenia (OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.42−0.84) but this association was largely driven by the strong association among females (e.g., Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.24−0.73), with no significant associations found among males. Vegetable consumption was not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Future studies of longitudinal design may shed light on whether increasing fruit consumption among older females in LMICs may reduce risk for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.); (J.M.H.)
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9360-0268-5
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, 90133 Padova, Italy;
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 90133 Padova, Italy
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA;
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03372, Korea;
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.); (J.M.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada;
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
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Prevalence and association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with sarcopenia in older women depends on definition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2913. [PMID: 32076017 PMCID: PMC7031370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of sarcopenia depends on the definition used. There are, however, consistent sarcopenic characteristics, including a low muscle mass and muscle strength. Few studies have investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and genotype. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 307 community-dwelling ≥60-year-old women in South Cheshire, UK. Handgrip strength was assessed with a handgrip dynamometer and skeletal muscle mass was estimated using bioelectrical impedance. DNA was extracted from saliva (∼38%) or blood (∼62%) and 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped. Three established sarcopenia definitions - %Skeletal Muscle Mass (%SMM), Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (SMI) and European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) - were used to assess sarcopenia prevalence. Binary logistic regression with age as covariate was used to identify SNPs associated with sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia was: %SMM 14.7%, SMI 60.6% and EWGSOP 1.3%. Four SNPs were associated with the %SMM and SMI definitions of sarcopenia; FTO rs9939609, ESR1 rs4870044, NOS3 rs1799983 and TRHR rs7832552. The first three were associated with the %SMM definition, and TRHR rs7832552 with the SMI definition, but none were common to both sarcopenia definitions. The gene variants associated with sarcopenia may help proper counselling and interventions to prevent individuals from developing sarcopenia.
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Arakawa M, Wagatsuma A. 1α, 25(OH) 2D 3 regulates agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clustering through upregulation of rapsyn expression in C2C12 myotubes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:S0006-291X(20)30293-X. [PMID: 32081417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The active form of vitamin D (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α, 25(OH)2D3], referred to as 1,25D) has been suggested to play a pivotal role in skeletal muscle function and metabolism. However, the mechanisms through which 1,25D functions in this tissue remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D signaling regulates neuromuscular maintenance and improves locomotion in mice. In the present study, we examined the effects of 1,25D on neuromuscular synaptogenesis by measuring clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in C2C12 myotubes. 1,25D treatment enhanced the agrin-induced AChR clustering in myotubes compared to treatment with agrin alone. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) decreased the agrin-induced AChR clustering. 1,25D increased the expression of rapsyn, which is necessary for AChR clustering, while demonstrating no effect on other neuromuscular junction-related genes. In addition, rapsyn expression was dependent on 1,25D-VDR signaling. These results suggest that 1,25D-VDR signaling may regulate rapsin expression, resulting in the up-regulation of agrin-induced AChR clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Arakawa
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry, 5-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Akira Wagatsuma
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology, Tokyo Woman's Christian University, 2-6-1 Zempukuji, Suginami-ku, Tokyo, 167-8585, Japan.
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38
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He L, Khanal P, Morse CI, Williams A, Thomis M. Differentially methylated gene patterns between age-matched sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic women. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:1295-1306. [PMID: 31508907 PMCID: PMC6903450 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is characterized by progressive decreases in muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle function with ageing. Although many studies have investigated the mechanisms of sarcopenia, its connection with epigenetic factors, such as DNA methylation, still remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore sarcopenia-related DNA methylation differences in blood samples between age-matched sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older women. METHODS A sarcopenic group (n = 24) was identified and selected from a set of 247 older Caucasian women (aged 65-80 years) based on cut-off points of skeletal muscle index at 6.75 kg/m2 and grip strength at 26 kg (the lower quintile of grip strength in the set). A non-sarcopenic group (n = 24) was created with a similar age distribution as that of the sarcopenic group. DNA methylation patterns of whole blood samples from both groups were analysed using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays. Differentially methylated cytosin-phosphate-guanine sites (dmCpGs) were identified at a P value threshold of 0.01 by comparing methylation levels between the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups at each CpG site. dmCpG-related genes were annotated based on Homo sapiens hg19 genome build. The functions of these genes were further examined by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS The global methylation level of all analysed CpG sites (n = 788 074) showed no significant difference between the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups (0.812), while the average methylation level of dmCpGs (n = 6258) was significantly lower in the sarcopenic group (0.004). The sarcopenic group had significantly higher methylation levels in TSS200 (the region from transcription start site to 200 nucleotides upstream of the site) and lower methylation levels in gene body and 3'UTR regions. In respect of CpG regions, CpG islands in promoters and some intragenic regions showed greater levels of methylation in the sarcopenic group. dmCpG-related KEGG pathways were mainly associated with muscle function, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and energy metabolism. Seven genes (HSPB1, PBX4, CNKSR3, ORMDL3, MIR10A, ZNF619, and CRADD) were found with the same methylation direction as previous studies of blood sample methylation during ageing. Fifty-four genes were shared with previous studies of resistance training. CONCLUSIONS Our results improve understanding of epigenetic mechanisms of sarcopenia by identifying sarcopenia-related DNA methylation differences in blood samples of older women. These methylation differences suggest underlying alterations of gene expression and pathway function, which can partially explain sarcopenia-related muscular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao He
- Department of Movement Sciences, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research GroupKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Praval Khanal
- Department of Movement Sciences, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research GroupKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Christopher I. Morse
- Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Alun Williams
- Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Martine Thomis
- Department of Movement Sciences, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research GroupKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Pei YF, Hu WZ, Yang XL, Wei XT, Feng GJ, Zhang H, Shen H, Tian Q, Deng HW, Zhang L. Two functional variants at 6p21.1 were associated with lean mass. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:28. [PMID: 31757224 PMCID: PMC6874818 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low lean body mass is the most important predictor of sarcopenia with strong genetic background. The aim of this study was to uncover genetic factors underlying lean mass development. Materials and methods We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of fat-adjusted leg lean mass in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS, N = 6587), and replicated in the Women’s Health Initiative–African American sub-sample (WHI-AA, N = 847) and the Kansas City Osteoporosis Study (KCOS, N = 2219). We also cross-validated significant variants in the publicly available body mass index (BMI) summary results (N ~ 700,000). We then performed a series of functional investigations on the identified variants. Results Four correlated SNPs at 6p21.1 were identified at the genome-wide significance (GWS, α = 5.0 × 10−8) level in the discovery FHS sample (rs551145, rs524533, rs571770, and rs545970, p = 3.40–9.77 × 10−9), and were successfully replicated in both the WHI-AA and the KCOS samples (one-sided p = 1.61 × 10−3–0.04). They were further cross-validated by the large-scale BMI summary results (p = 7.0–9.8 × 10−3). Cis-eQTL analyses associated these SNPs with the NFKBIE gene expression. Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) in mouse C2C12 myoblast cells implied that rs524533 and rs571770 were bound to an unknown transcription factor in an allelic specific manner, while rs551145 and rs545970 did not. Dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that both rs524533 and rs571770 downregulated luciferase expression by repressing promoter activity. Moreover, the regulation pattern was allelic specific, strengthening the evidence towards their differential regulatory effects. Conclusions Through a large-scale GWAS followed by a series of functional investigations, we identified 2 correlated functional variants at 6p21.1 associated with leg lean mass. Our findings not only enhanced our understanding of molecular basis of lean mass development but also provided useful candidate genes for further functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Pei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zhu Hu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Rd., SuZhou City, 215123, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Tong Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Juan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Rd., SuZhou City, 215123, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, SuZhou City, People's Republic of China. .,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Rd., SuZhou City, 215123, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Oguma J, Ozawa S, Kazuno A, Yamamoto M, Ninomiya Y, Yatabe K. Prognostic significance of sarcopenia in patients undergoing esophagectomy for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32:5365772. [PMID: 30809629 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nononcological prognostic factors in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) patients remain unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia and surgical outcome in patients with SESCC who had undergone definitive surgery. A total of 194 SESCC patients who had undergone thoracic esophagectomy with three-field lymphadenectomy without neoadjuvant therapy at Tokai University Hospital between January 2006 and December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Manual tracing using CT imaging was used to measure the cross-sectional areas of the skeletal muscle mass. The cutoff values for the skeletal muscle index used to define sarcopenia were based on the results of a previous study. Twenty-eight patients (14.4%) had sarcopenia, while the remaining 166 patients (85.6%) did not. A multivariate analysis suggested that sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications (OR = 3.232, P = 0.026). The overall survival rate and the disease-free survival rate were both significantly worse in the sarcopenia group than in the nonsarcopenia group (P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, sarcopenia was an independent prognostic factor affecting overall survival (HR = 7.121, P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR = 6.000, P < 0.001). Patients with sarcopenia and lymph node metastasis (n = 18) had a worse outcome than the other patients (P < 0.001). This study suggests that the alleviation of sarcopenia through nutritional support and rehabilitation in SESCC patients scheduled to undergo surgery might help to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications and to improve the long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Oguma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S Ozawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Kazuno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Yatabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Zolotovskaya IA, Davydkin IL. Vitamin D - prognostic marker of the risk of exacerbation in patients older than 60 years with osteoarthritis of the knee (results of the observation program DIANA). TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 91:103-110. [DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim to study the prognostic significance of vitamin D as a marker of the risk of exacerbation of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee in patients over 60 years. Materials and methods. The study was conducted from 2016-2018 on the of Samara polyclinics with the inclusion of patients who have applied to a doctor for any reason and have a history of OA of the knee joint with the time of the last exacerbation of no more than 6 months. We evaluated clinical and demographic parameters, information on the drugs taken (drugs), the nature of pain by DN4, the level of cognitive deficiency by MMSE, office blood pressure data, left ventricular ejection fraction, determined the level of hemoglobin, glucose, uric acid, interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-6, 25(OH)-D. the Duration of follow - up was 36 months. Results. During 2 years of follow - up, 79 (38.3%) patients had exacerbation, which occurred in 19.4% (n=40) of cases during the first year, and in 18.9% (n=39) of cases respectively during the second year. In 35.4% of cases, the neuropathic component of pain was noted with an index of 4.37±1.05 points. Age, 25-OH-vitamin D, IL-1β, and the presence of diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease are factors that affect the prognosis of exacerbation in patients with OA of the knee joint. Conclusion. The prognostic significance of vitamin D for the risk of exacerbation in patients with OA older than 60 years (χ2=160.9, р
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Lu Y, Karagounis LG, Ng TP, Carre C, Narang V, Wong G, Tan CTY, Zin Nyunt MS, Gao Q, Abel B, Poidinger M, Fulop T, Bosco N, Larbi A. Systemic and Metabolic Signature of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 75:309-317. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Lu
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Leonidas G Karagounis
- Experimental Myology and Integrative Physiology Cluster, Plymouth Marjon University, UK
- Nestle Health Science, Vevey, Switzerland
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christophe Carre
- Biostat, Bioinformatics & Omics, Sanofi Pasteur, Marcy l’Etoile, France
| | | | - Glenn Wong
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Crystal Tze Ying Tan
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Ma Shwe Zin Nyunt
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qi Gao
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian Abel
- Immunomonitoring Platform, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | | | - Tamas Fulop
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Ageing, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Anis Larbi
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Ageing, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
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Scimeca M, Centofanti F, Celi M, Gasbarra E, Novelli G, Botta A, Tarantino U. Vitamin D Receptor in Muscle Atrophy of Elderly Patients: A Key Element of Osteoporosis-Sarcopenia Connection. Aging Dis 2018; 9:952-964. [PMID: 30574409 PMCID: PMC6284754 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the relationship between sarcopenia (evaluated in term of fibers atrophy), vitamin d receptor protein expression and TaqI/Cdx2/FokI VDR genotypes in an Italian cohort of osteoporosis(n=44) and osteoarthritis (n=55) patients. Muscle biopsies were fixed and investigated by both immunohistochemistry (vitamin d receptor expression) and transmission electron microscopy (satellite stem cells niches). Vitamin d receptor polymorphisms were studied on DNA extracted from muscle paraffin sections. For the first time, we reported that aging differently affects the VDR activation in OA and OP patients. In particular, while in OP patients we observed a significant reduction of VDR positive myonuclei with age, no “age effect” was observed in OA patients. The frequent activation of VDR could explain the lower number of atrophic fiber that we observed in OA patients respect to OP. From genetic point of view, we showed a putative association among polymorphisms FokI and Cdx2 of VDR gene, vitamin d receptor activation and the occurrence of sarcopenia. Altogether these data open new prospective for the prevention and cure of age-related muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Scimeca
- 1Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,2IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Centofanti
- 1Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Monica Celi
- 3Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Gasbarra
- 3Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- 1Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,4Neuromed IRCCS, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Annalisa Botta
- 1Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- 3Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Rome, Italy.,5Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
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Mokrysheva NG, Krupinova JA, Volodicheva VL, Mirnaya SS, Melnichenko GA. A view at sarcopenia by endocrinologist. OBESITY AND METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.14341/omet9792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is one of the syndromes that significantly affects the health and life of the patient. Sarcopenia is a polyetiological syndrome with a complex, insufficiently studied pathogenesis, in which endocrine factors play a leading role. Comorbidity of elderly patients creates difficulties in differential diagnosis of existing pathology. The combination of sarcopenia with various endocrine pathologies, such as obesity, osteoporosis, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency leads to a more severe course of disease and a worse prognosis for the quality and life expectancy of the patient. In this case, in some situations, the patient's condition can be improved by assessing pathogenetic causes and their elimination. Thus, the endocrinologist should pay more attention to the sarcopenia syndrome and its correction, as well as for its prevention at the earliest stages.
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Physical Activity and Nutrition INfluences In ageing (PANINI): consortium mission statement. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:685-692. [PMID: 28864957 PMCID: PMC5968062 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Improving the comprehension of sarcopenic state determinants: An multivariate approach involving hormonal, nutritional, lifestyle and genetic variables. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 173:21-28. [PMID: 29807051 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It is known that sarcopenia is a multifaceted phenomenon, which involves genetic, nutritional, hormonal and living habits aspects. Then, an integrated analysis, as a multivariate approach, could improve the comprehension about the determinants of sarcopenic state in old adults. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction among serum vitamin D, daily caloric and protein intake, lifestyle habits, ACE I/D gene polymorphism and sarcopenic state in community-dwelling old adults. One hundred one community-dwelling old adults were clinically stratified as sarcopenic or non-sarcopenic. Serum vitamin D, daily caloric and protein intake, lifestyle habits (smoking, physical activity level and sedentary behavior) and ACE I/D gene polymorphism were recorded. A multivariate logistic regression technique was applied to investigate the interaction among the selected independent variables and the sarcopenic state. The independent variables age, smoking, serum Vitamin D and ACE I/D polymorphism achieved the statistical criteria to be inserted in the multivariate analysis. After a stepwise procedure from the multivariate logistic regression, the variables age, serum Vitamin D and ACE I/D polymorphism remained, together, in the final model. Sarcopenic state was significantly associated to older age, II-genotype and low serum Vitamin D in old adults from 60 years old.
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Yoo JI, Ha YC. Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Osteosarcopenia in Korea. J Bone Metab 2018; 25:1-7. [PMID: 29564300 PMCID: PMC5854818 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2018.25.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia was listed in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) as M62.84, on October 1, 2016. Sarcopenia is primarily associated with metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and cachexia, as well as chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sarcopenia is also significantly associated with osteoporosis in elderly populations and the combined disease is defined as osteosarcopenia. Several studies have confirmed that sarcopenia and osteoporosis (osteosarcopenia) share common risk factors and biological pathways. Osteosarcopenia is associated with significant physical disability, representing a significant threat to the loss of independence in later life. However, the pathophysiology and diagnosis of osteosarcopenia are not fully defined. Additionally, pharmacologic and hormonal treatments for sarcopenia are undergoing clinical trials. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteosarcopenia, and includes Korean data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yong-Chan Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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48
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A procession of metabolic alterations accompanying muscle senescence in Manduca sexta. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1006. [PMID: 29343811 PMCID: PMC5772441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological aging profoundly impairs muscle function, performance, and metabolism. Because the progression of metabolic alterations associated with aging muscle has not been chronicled, we tracked the metabolic profiles of flight muscle from middle to advanced age in Manduca sexta to identify key molecules during the progression of muscle aging, as well as to evaluate the utility of the M. sexta system for molecular dissection of muscle aging. We identified a number of differences between Diel Time, Sexes, and Muscle Ages, including changes in metabolites related to energetics, extracellular matrix turnover, and glutathione metabolism. Increased abundances of glycolytic metabolites suggest a shift toward increased glycolysis with advancing age, whereas decreased abundances in lysolipids and acylcarnitines reflect decreasing beta-oxidation. We also observed a shift towards decreased polyamine metabolism with age, which might result in an age-related decline in lipid metabolism possibly due to regulation of energy metabolism by polyamines. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the feasibility of our system and approach and provide a deeper understanding of lepidopteran aging. More importantly, the results identify the key altered metabolic pathways that collectively contribute to the muscle aging phenotype and thereby improve our understanding of muscle senescence.
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Cho J, Lee I, Kang H. ACTN3 Gene and Susceptibility to Sarcopenia and Osteoporotic Status in Older Korean Adults. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4239648. [PMID: 28626757 PMCID: PMC5463164 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4239648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information is available about molecular markers for sarcopenia and osteoporosis in Asian populations. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association of the ACTN3 polymorphism with sarcopenia and osteoporotic status in older Korean adults. METHODS Older Korean 62 men and 270 women (mean age 73.7 ± 6.6 years) participated in this study. Body mass index, percent body fatness, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, femur, and total body were analyzed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. ACTN3 R/X genotyping was determined using TaqMan probes. RESULTS Determination of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using binary logistic regression analyses showed that XX homozygotes were at a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia (OR = 2.056, 95% CI = 1.024-4.127, p = 0.043) and osteoporosis (OR = 2.794, 95% CI = 1.208-5.461, p = 0.016) than RR homozygotes (reference group, OR = 1). The OR of XX homozygotes for having sarcopenia remained significant (OR = 2.237, 95% CI = 1.044-4.836, p = 0.038) after adjustments for age, gender, body fatness, and serum vitamin D. The OR of XX homozygotes for having osteoporosis was no longer significant (OR = 2.682, 95% CI = 0.960-7.942, p = 0.075) after adjustments for the covariates. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the ACTN3 R577X genotype may influence decline in muscle and bone health phenotypes in older Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyung Cho
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhwan Lee
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Kang
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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50
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The influence of sarcopenia on survival and surgical complications in ovarian cancer patients undergoing primary debulking surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol 2017; 43:717-724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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