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Tsui JC, Willett K, Cohen JB, Yu Y, VanderBeek BL. Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents and the Risk of Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2024; 31:249-257. [PMID: 37427852 PMCID: PMC10776797 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2235001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Animal studies have suggested that Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs) may increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-related retinopathies, but this effect is unclear in humans. This study evaluates the risk of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR), defined as either diabetic macular edema (DME) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in patients exposed to an ESA. METHODS Two analyses were performed. First, a retrospective matched-cohort study was designed using a de-identified commercial and Medicare Advantage medical claims database. The ESA cohort of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients who were new users of an ESA from 2000 to 2022 was matched to controls up to a 3:1 ratio. Exclusion criteria included less than 2 years in the plan, history of VTDR or history of other retinopathy. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with inverse proportional treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to assess the hazard of developing VTDR, DME, and PDR. The second analysis was a self-controlled case series (SCCS) evaluating the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of VTDR during 30-day periods before and after initiating an ESA. RESULTS After inclusion of 1502 ESA-exposed patients compared with 2656 controls, IPTW-adjusted hazard ratios found the ESA cohort had an increased hazard of progressing to VTDR (HR = 3.0 95%CI:2.3-3.8;p < .001) and DME (HR = 3.4,95%CI:2.6-4.4,p < .001), but not PDR (HR = 1.0,95%CI:0.5-2.3,p = .95). Similar results were found within the SCCS which demonstrated higher IRRs for VTDR (IRRs = 1.09-1.18;p < .001) and DME (IRRs = 1.16-1.18;p < .001), but not increased IRRs in PDR (IRR = 0.92-0.97,p = .02-0.39). CONCLUSION ESAs are associated with higher risks for VTDR and DME, but not PDR. Those studying ESAs as adjunctive therapy for DR should be cautious of possible unintended effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C. Tsui
- Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Keirnan Willett
- Kittner Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jordana B. Cohen
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yinxi Yu
- Center for Preventative Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian L. VanderBeek
- Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Al-Dwairi R, El-Elimat T, Aleshawi A, Al Sharie AH, Abu Mousa BM, Al Beiruti S, Alkazaleh A, Mohidat H. Vitreous Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor in Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Clinical Correlation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1630. [PMID: 38002312 PMCID: PMC10669526 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The global epidemic status of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its burden presents an ongoing challenge to health-care systems. It is of great interest to investigate potential prognostic biomarkers of DR. Such markers could aid in detecting early stages of DR, predicting DR progression and its response to therapeutics. Herein, we investigate the prognostic value of intravitreal concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in a DR cohort. Materials and methods: Vitreous sample acquisition was conducted at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) between December 2020 and June 2022. Samples were obtained from any patient scheduled to undergo a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for any indication. Included patients were categorized into a DR group or a corresponding non-diabetic (ND) control group. Demographics, clinicopathological variables, standardized laboratory tests results, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data were obtained for each included individual. Intravitreal concentrations of VEGF and PDGF were assessed using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: A total of 80 eyes from 80 patients (DR group: n = 42 and ND control group: n = 38) were included in the analysis. The vitreous VEGF levels were significantly higher in the DR group compared to the ND control group (DR group 5744.06 ± 761.5 pg/mL versus ND control group 817.94 ± 403.1 pg/mL, p = 0.0001). In addition, the vitreous PDGF levels were also significantly higher in the DR group than those in the ND control group (DR group 4031.51 ± 410.2 pg/mL versus ND control group 2691.46 ± 821.0 pg/mL, p = 0.001). Bassline differences between test groups and clinical factors impacting VEGF and PDGF concentrations were investigated as well. Multiple regression analysis indicated PDGF as the sole independent risk factor affecting best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the last follow-up visit: the higher the PDGF vitreous levels, the worst the BCVA. Conclusions: Vitreous concentrations of VEGF and PDGF are correlated with DR severity and may exhibit a possible prognostic potential value in DR. Further clinical and experimental data are warranted to confirm the observed findings and to help incorporate them into daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Al-Dwairi
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Abdelwahab Aleshawi
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmed H. Al Sharie
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Balqis M. Abu Mousa
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Seren Al Beiruti
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Alkazaleh
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Hasan Mohidat
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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Brossard M, Paterson AD, Espin-Garcia O, Craiu RV, Bull SB. Characterization of direct and/or indirect genetic associations for multiple traits in longitudinal studies of disease progression. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad119. [PMID: 37369448 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
When quantitative longitudinal traits are risk factors for disease progression and subject to random biological variation, joint model analysis of time-to-event and longitudinal traits can effectively identify direct and/or indirect genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with time-to-event. We present a joint model that integrates: (1) a multivariate linear mixed model describing trajectories of multiple longitudinal traits as a function of time, SNP effects, and subject-specific random effects and (2) a frailty Cox survival model that depends on SNPs, longitudinal trajectory effects, and subject-specific frailty accounting for dependence among multiple time-to-event traits. Motivated by complex genetic architecture of type 1 diabetes complications (T1DC) observed in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), we implement a 2-stage approach to inference with bootstrap joint covariance estimation and develop a hypothesis testing procedure to classify direct and/or indirect SNP association with each time-to-event trait. By realistic simulation study, we show that joint modeling of 2 time-to-T1DC (retinopathy and nephropathy) and 2 longitudinal risk factors (HbA1c and systolic blood pressure) reduces estimation bias in genetic effects and improves classification accuracy of direct and/or indirect SNP associations, compared to methods that ignore within-subject risk factor variability and dependence among longitudinal and time-to-event traits. Through DCCT data analysis, we demonstrate feasibility for candidate SNP modeling and quantify effects of sample size and Winner's curse bias on classification for 2 SNPs identified as having indirect associations with time-to-T1DC traits. Joint analysis of multiple longitudinal and multiple time-to-event traits provides insight into complex traits architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Brossard
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto M5T 3L9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 3M7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Osvaldo Espin-Garcia
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 3M7, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto M5G 2C1, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London N6A 5C1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Radu V Craiu
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shelley B Bull
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto M5T 3L9, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 3M7, Ontario, Canada
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Yu X, Rong S. Genome-Wide Associations and Confirmatory Meta-Analyses in Diabetic Retinopathy. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:653. [PMID: 36980925 PMCID: PMC10048213 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to summarize and validate the genomic association signals for diabetic retinopathy (DR), proliferative DR, and diabetic macular edema/diabetic maculopathy. A systematic search of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog and PubMed/MELINE databases was conducted to curate a comprehensive list of significant GWAS discoveries. The top signals were then subjected to meta-analysis using established protocols. The results indicate the need for improved consensus among DR GWASs, highlighting the importance of validation efforts. A subsequent meta-analysis confirmed the association of two SNPs, rs4462262 (ZWINT-MRPS35P3) (odds ratio = 1.38, p = 0.001) and rs7903146 (TCF7L2) (odd ratio = 1.30, p < 0.001), with DR in independent populations, strengthening the evidence of their true association. We also compiled a list of candidate SNPs for further validation. This study highlights the importance of consistent validation and replication efforts in the field of DR genetics. The two identified gene loci warrant further functional investigation to understand their role in DR pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Yu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02445, USA
| | - Shisong Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02445, USA
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Xu M, Chen X, Yu Z, Li X. Receptors that bind to PEDF and their therapeutic roles in retinal diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1116136. [PMID: 37139333 PMCID: PMC10149954 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal neovascular, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases represented by diabetic retinopathy are the main types of blinding eye disorders that continually cause the increased burden worldwide. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an endogenous factor with multiple effects including neurotrophic activity, anti-angiogenesis, anti-tumorigenesis, and anti-inflammatory activity. PEDF activity depends on the interaction with the proteins on the cell surface. At present, seven independent receptors, including adipose triglyceride lipase, laminin receptor, lipoprotein receptor-related protein, plexin domain-containing 1, plexin domain-containing 2, F1-ATP synthase, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, have been demonstrated and confirmed to be high affinity receptors for PEDF. Understanding the interactions between PEDF and PEDF receptors, their roles in normal cellular metabolism and the response the initiate in disease will be accommodating for elucidating the ways in which inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurodegeneration exacerbate disease pathology. In this review, we firstly introduce PEDF receptors comprehensively, focusing particularly on their expression pattern, ligands, related diseases, and signal transduction pathways, respectively. We also discuss the interactive ways of PEDF and receptors to expand the prospective understanding of PEDF receptors in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
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Sesti LFC, Sbruzzi RC, Polina ER, dos Santos Soares D, Crispim D, Canani LH, dos Santos KG. Association of polymorphisms in the erythropoietin gene with diabetic retinopathy: a case-control study and systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:250. [PMID: 35659624 PMCID: PMC9167513 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02467-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by ischemia, hypoxia, and angiogenesis. Erythropoietin (EPO), an angiogenic hormone, is upregulated in DR, and the association of EPO genetic variants with DR is still uncertain, as conflicting results have been reported. Therefore, we performed a case-control study followed by a meta-analysis to investigate whether the rs1617640, rs507392, and rs551238 polymorphisms in EPO gene are associated with DR. METHODS The case-control study included 1042 Southern Brazilians with type 2 diabetes (488 without DR and 554 with DR). Eligible studies for the meta-analysis were searched from electronic databases up to June 1, 2021. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for five genetic inheritance models. RESULTS The minor alleles of the EPO polymorphisms had nearly the same frequency in all groups of patients (35%), and no association was detected with DR in the case-control study. The meta-analysis included 14 independent sets of cases and controls with 9117 subjects for the rs1617640 polymorphism and nine independent sets with more than 5000 subjects for the rs507392 and rs551238 polymorphisms. The G allele of the rs1617640 polymorphism was suggestively associated with DR under the dominant (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68-0.98), heterozygous additive (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.97), and overdominant (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.97) models. In the subgroup analyses, the G allele was also suggestively associated with proliferative DR (PDR), non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and DR (PDR + NPDR) among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) or non-Asian ancestry. After considering the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, the G allele remained associated with NPDR and DR in T1DM. Regarding the rs507392 and rs551238 polymorphisms, no association was found between these variants and DR. CONCLUSION Our findings provide additional support to EPO as a susceptibility gene for DR, with the rs1617640 polymorphism deserving further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Fernando Castagnino Sesti
- Lutheran University Center of Palmas, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Palmas, TO Brazil
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, 5° andar, Canoas, RS 92425-900 Brazil
| | - Renan Cesar Sbruzzi
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, 5° andar, Canoas, RS 92425-900 Brazil
| | - Evelise Regina Polina
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, 5° andar, Canoas, RS 92425-900 Brazil
| | - Douglas dos Santos Soares
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Luís Henrique Canani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Kátia Gonçalves dos Santos
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaúde), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, 5° andar, Canoas, RS 92425-900 Brazil
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Guo J, Wu J, Wei D, Wang T, Hu Y, Lin Y, Chen M, Yang L, Wen Y, Cai Y, Xu X, Li H, Wu S, Xie X. Association between greenness and dyslipidemia in patients with coronary heart disease: A proteomic approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113199. [PMID: 35042090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential surrounding greenness may be protective of dyslipidemia are often theorized but remain poorly quantified. In particular, the underlying biological mechanisms of blood lipid changes with green spaces remain unclear. METHODS Our observational epidemiology study included a residentially stable sample of 1035 coronary heart disease patients, and proteomics study included 16 participants. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to evaluate residential greenness exposures. Proteomics technology was used to identify plasma greenness-related proteome disturbance, and the pathway analysis was employed to evaluate the potential biological mechanisms of greenness decreasing dyslipidemia risk. RESULT Higher residential surrounding greenness in the 500-m area was associated with lower risks of dyslipidemia (odds ratio (OR) = 0.871, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.763, 0.994 for per one-quartile NDVI increase). Lymphocytes mediated 18.7% of the association between greenness and dyslipidemia. Greenness related proteins (including PLXDC1, IGFBP2 and LY6D) may regulate the biological functions of lipid metabolism and transport-related proteins (including ADIPOQ and CES1) through a series of biological processes. CONCLUSION People in greener surroundings have a lower risk of dyslipidemia, which may be due to their lower inflammation, stronger lipid transporter activity, and normal cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Donghong Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Tinggui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yuduan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yawen Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Mingjun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yeyin Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xingyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huanyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Sobrin L, Susarla G, Stanwyck L, Rouhana JM, Li A, Pollack S, Igo RP, Jensen RA, Li X, Ng MCY, Smith AV, Kuo JZ, Taylor KD, Freedman BI, Bowden DW, Penman A, Chen CJ, Craig JE, Adler SG, Chew EY, Cotch MF, Yaspan B, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Klein BEK, Wong TY, Rotter JI, Burdon KP, Iyengar SK, Segrè AV. Gene Set Enrichment Analsyes Identify Pathways Involved in Genetic Risk for Diabetic Retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 233:111-123. [PMID: 34166655 PMCID: PMC8678352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To identify functionally related genes associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk using gene set enrichment analyses applied to genome-wide association study meta-analyses. METHODS We analyzed DR GWAS meta-analyses performed on 3246 Europeans and 2611 African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Gene sets relevant to 5 key DR pathophysiology processes were investigated: tissue injury, vascular events, metabolic events and glial dysregulation, neuronal dysfunction, and inflammation. Keywords relevant to these processes were queried in 4 pathway and ontology databases. Two GSEA methods, Meta-Analysis Gene set Enrichment of variaNT Associations (MAGENTA) and Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA), were used. Gene sets were defined to be enriched for gene associations with DR if the P value corrected for multiple testing (Pcorr) was <.05. RESULTS Five gene sets were significantly enriched for numerous modest genetic associations with DR in one method (MAGENTA or MAGMA) and also at least nominally significant (uncorrected P < .05) in the other method. These pathways were regulation of the lipid catabolic process (2-fold enrichment, Pcorr = .014); nitric oxide biosynthesis (1.92-fold enrichment, Pcorr = .022); lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport (1.6-fold enrichment, P = .032); apoptosis (1.53-fold enrichment, P = .041); and retinal ganglion cell degeneration (2-fold enrichment, Pcorr = .049). The interferon gamma (IFNG) gene, previously implicated in DR by protein-protein interactions in our GWAS, was among the top ranked genes in the nitric oxide pathway (best variant P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS These GSEA indicate that variants in genes involved in oxidative stress, lipid transport and catabolism, and cell degeneration are enriched for genes associated with DR risk. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sobrin
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary.
| | - Gayatri Susarla
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
| | - Lynn Stanwyck
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
| | - John M Rouhana
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
| | - Ashley Li
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
| | - Samuela Pollack
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert P Igo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute and Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Jane Z Kuo
- Medical Affairs, Ophthalmology, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alan Penman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, John D. Bower School of Population Health (A.P.), Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Ching J Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, John D. Bower School of Population Health (A.P.), Department of Ophthalmology
| | - Jamie E Craig
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA, FHMRI Eye & Vision, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Sharon G Adler
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California, Torrance, California
| | - Emily Y Chew
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary Frances Cotch
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brian Yaspan
- Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Center of Clinician-Scientist Development, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Barbara E K Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tien Y Wong
- Center of Clinician-Scientist Development, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Kathyrn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sudha K Iyengar
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ayellet V Segrè
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Mankoč Ramuš S, Pungeršek G, Petrovič MG, Petrovič D. The GG genotype of erythropoietin rs1617640 polymorphism affects the risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Slovenian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: enemy or ally? Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e1382-e1389. [PMID: 33599115 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between erythropoietin rs1617640 polymorphism and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Slovenian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The second aim was to find whether erythropoietin expression in fibrovascular membranes varies among individuals carrying different genotypes of the rs1617640. METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on 797 unrelated Slovenian (Caucasian) participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study group consisted of 217 cases with PDR and 580 controls without clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy. Each subject was genotyped for rs1617640 polymorphism. Fibrovascular membranes from 27 subjects who underwent vitreoretinal surgery were analysed with immunohistochemistry. We searched for expression of erythropoietin, its cognate receptor and for a pan-endothelial marker CD-34. RESULTS Our results show that subjects carrying a minor GG genotype had significantly higher risk for PDR in both unadjusted (p = 0.02) and adjusted (p = 0.04) recessive genetic models. Subjects with the GG genotype had a 1.6-fold increased risk of developing PDR compared to subjects carrying the major T allele. In fibrovascular membranes from subjects with PDR, the mean number of cells expressing EPO was significantly higher in G allele carriers compared to the homozygotes for the common T allele. CONCLUSION In Slovenian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a significant increased risk of PDR was found in GG carriers of the erythropoietin gene rs1617640 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mankoč Ramuš
- International Center for Cardiovascular diseases MC Medicor Izola Slovenia
| | - Gregor Pungeršek
- Institute of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia
| | | | - Danijel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia
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10
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Mirzaeicheshmeh E, Zerrweck C, Centeno-Cruz F, Baca-Peynado P, Martinez-Hernandez A, García-Ortiz H, Contreras-Cubas C, Salas-Martínez MG, Saldaña-Alvarez Y, Mendoza-Caamal EC, Barajas-Olmos F, Orozco L. Alterations of DNA methylation during adipogenesis differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue of patients with obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes. Adipocyte 2021; 10:493-504. [PMID: 34699309 PMCID: PMC8555535 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1978157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis regulation is crucial for mature adipocyte function. In obesity, a major driver of type 2 diabetes (T2D), this process is disrupted and remains poorly characterized. Here we identified altered DNA methylation profiles in diabetic obese patients, during three adipocytes differentiation stages. We isolated mesenchymal cells from visceral adipose tissue of obese patients with and without T2D to analyse DNA methylation profiles at 0, 3, and 18 days of ex vivo differentiation and documented their impact on gene expression. Methylation and gene expression were analysed with EPIC and Clarion S arrays, respectively. Patients with T2D had epigenetic alterations in all the analysed stages, and these were mainly observed in genes important in adipogenesis, insulin resistance, cell death programming, and immune effector processes. Importantly, at 3 days, we found six-fold more methylated CpG alterations than in the other stages. This is the first study to document epigenetic markers that persist through all three adipogenesis stages and their impact on gene expression, which could be a cellular metabolic memory involved in T2D. Our data provided evidence that, throughout the adipogenesis process, alterations occur in methylation that might impact mature adipocyte function, cause tissue malfunction, and potentially, lead to the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Mirzaeicheshmeh
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Zerrweck
- Clínica de Obesidad del Hospital General Tláhuac, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad De Medicina, Alta Especialidad En Cirugía Bariatrica, Unam, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Federico Centeno-Cruz
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paulina Baca-Peynado
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Martinez-Hernandez
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto García-Ortiz
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Contreras-Cubas
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Yolanda Saldaña-Alvarez
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco Barajas-Olmos
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
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11
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Ng KKK, Cheung CYY, Lee CH, Fong CHY, Kwok KHM, Li KKW, Gangwani RA, Wong IYH, Woo YC, Chow WS, Yuen MMA, Wong RLC, Xu A, Wong DSH, Sham PC, Lam KSL. Possible Modifying Effect of Hemoglobin A1c on Genetic Susceptibility to Severe Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:7. [PMID: 32756921 PMCID: PMC7441357 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glycemic control has been recognized as an important modifiable risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (DR). Whether hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), as an indicator of glycemic control, could modify the genetic susceptibility to severe DR remains to be investigated. This study aimed to investigate whether HbA1c could modulate the genetic susceptibility to severe DR in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 3,093 Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes were included in the cross-sectional case-control study: 1,051 with sight-threatening DR (STDR) and 2,042 without STDR. Sixty-nine top-ranked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified from previous genome-wide association studies were examined for their associations with STDR and proliferative DR as a subgroup analysis. SNPs showing suggestive associations with DR were examined in the stratified analysis by dichotomized HbA1c (<7% vs. ≥7%). An interaction analysis was performed by including an interaction term of SNP × HbA1c in the regression model. Results Four SNPs showed suggestive associations with STDR. In the stratified analysis, patients with adequate glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) had a 42% lower risk of STDR for carrying each additional protective C allele of COL5A1 rs59126004 (P = 1.76 × 10−4; odds ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.44–0.77). rs59126004 demonstrated a significant interaction with dichotomized HbA1c on the risk of STDR (Pinteraction = 1.733 × 10−3). In the subgroup analysis for proliferative DR, the protective effect of rs59126004 was even more pronouncedly demonstrated (P = 8.35 × 10−5; odds ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.22–0.60) and it showed similar interactions with dichotomized HbA1c (Pinteraction = 1.729 × 10−3). Conclusions Our data provided evidence for possible interactions between HbA1c and COL5A1 rs59126004 on the risk of severe DR. These findings may provide new insight into the pathophysiologic mechanism of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin K K Ng
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chloe Y Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kelvin H M Kwok
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kenneth K W Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Rita A Gangwani
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ian Y H Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Rachel L C Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - David S H Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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12
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The Erythropoetin rs1617640 Gene Polymorphism Associates with Hemoglobin Levels, Hematocrit and Red Blood Cell Count in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111305. [PMID: 33158076 PMCID: PMC7694227 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Erythropoietin has a pivotal role in erythropoiesis and angiogenesis. A common polymorphism (rs1617640, A > C) in the promoter of the erythropoietin gene (EPO) has been associated with erythropoietin expression and microvascular complications of diabetes. We aimed to analyze the potential role of this polymorphism in the pathogenesis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: EPO genotypes and laboratory markers for erythropoiesis were determined in 945 patients with PAD. Results: The minor EPO rs1617640 C-allele was associated in an allele-dose-dependent manner with hemoglobin levels (p = 0.006), hematocrit (p = 0.029), and red blood cell count (p = 0.003). In a multivariate linear regression analysis including conventional risk factors diabetes, sex, and smoking, EPO genotypes were furthermore associated with age at onset of PAD symptoms (p = 0.009). Conclusions: The EPO rs1617640 gene polymorphism affects erythropoiesis, leads to an earlier onset of PAD, and is a potential biomarker for the pathogenesis of this disease.
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13
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Chen Z, Miao F, Braffett BH, Lachin JM, Zhang L, Wu X, Roshandel D, Carless M, Li XA, Tompkins JD, Kaddis JS, Riggs AD, Paterson AD, Natarajan R. DNA methylation mediates development of HbA1c-associated complications in type 1 diabetes. Nat Metab 2020; 2:744-762. [PMID: 32694834 PMCID: PMC7590966 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic memory, the persistent benefits of early glycaemic control on preventing and/or delaying the development of diabetic complications, has been observed in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) follow-up study, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show the involvement of epigenetic DNA methylation (DNAme) in metabolic memory by examining its associations with preceding glycaemic history, and with subsequent development of complications over an 18-yr period in the blood DNA of 499 randomly selected DCCT participants with type 1 diabetes who are also followed up in EDIC. We demonstrate the associations between DNAme near the closeout of DCCT and mean HbA1c during DCCT (mean-DCCT HbA1c) at 186 cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs) (FDR < 15%, including 43 at FDR < 5%), many of which were located in genes related to complications. Exploration studies into biological function reveal that these CpGs are enriched in binding sites for the C/EBP transcription factor, as well as enhancer/transcription regions in blood cells and haematopoietic stem cells, and open chromatin states in myeloid cells. Mediation analyses show that, remarkably, several CpGs in combination explain 68-97% of the association of mean-DCCT HbA1c with the risk of complications during EDIC. In summary, DNAme at key CpGs appears to mediate the association between hyperglycaemia and complications in metabolic memory, through modifying enhancer activity at myeloid and other cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Feng Miao
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Barbara H Braffett
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - John M Lachin
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Delnaz Roshandel
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Carless
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xuejun Arthur Li
- Biostatistics Core, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Joshua D Tompkins
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - John S Kaddis
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Discovery Science, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Arthur D Riggs
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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14
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Erythropoietin Receptor Signaling Supports Retinal Function after Vascular Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:630-641. [PMID: 32093902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of erythropoietin (EPO) has expanded to include potential nonhematopoietic roles in neural and retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy. However, it remains unclear how EPO functions to support the neural retina. Transgenic mice with hypoactive EPO receptor (EPOR) signaling (hWtEPOR) were compared with littermate control mice (WT) to test the role of EPOR signaling under normal conditions and after vascular injury and regrowth into the retina. Although retinal function tested with OptoMotry and electroretinography was comparable to adult (8-week-old) littermate WT mice, hWtEPOR mice had thinner inner and outer plexiform layers and a greater number of amacrine cells. Injury and repair caused by the oxygen-induced retinopathy model reduced visual acuity thresholds, reduced electroretinography amplitudes, and thinned the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layers of both WT and hWtEPOR 8-week-old mice. In hWtEPOR compared with WT mice, scotopic a-wave amplitudes were reduced by injury, despite no change in outer nuclear layer thickness; and peripheral rod, but not cone number, was reduced. Scotopic b-waves were reduced in injured hWtEPOR mice compared with WT, and rod bipolar cell ectopic neurites were increased in both genotypes after injury, suggesting a potential reparative process to preserve connectivity and the b-wave. Normal EPOR signaling appeared important because ectopic neurites and b-waves were lower in the hWtEPOR than WT injured mice.
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15
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Fan WY, Gu H, Yang XF, She CY, Liu XP, Liu NP. Association of candidate gene polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:301-308. [PMID: 32090041 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.02.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between a set of six candidate genes and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in an urban community cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study. The diabetic subjects were recruited from an urban community in Beijing and categorized into groups of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), or diabetic without any retinopathy (DWR) based on the fundus photography and duration of diabetes. Six candidate genes, including advanced glycation end product specific receptor (AGER), aldose reductase (AKR1B1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), were chosen based on Meta-analysis of genetic association studies for DR and biochemical pathways implicated in DR progression. The allele and genotype distribution of 21 functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in those 6 candidate genes were investigated using MassARRAY genotyping system. RESULTS Among 1461 diabetic patients recruited from community, 569 were selected in following genotyping analysis, including 97 patients with PDR, 217 with NPDR, and 255 with DWR. For the promoter variant rs1051993 in AGER gene, the distribution of allele and genotype in PDR group differed from that in DWR group (allele: P=0.011; genotype: P=0.01). Compared with DWR, patients with PDR had lower frequencies of heterozygous genotype GT (9.8% for DWR, 1% for PDR, OR: 0.10, 95%CI: 0.01-0.72) and minor allele T (4.9% for DWR, 0.5% for PDR, OR: 0.10, 95%CI: 0.01-0.75). In multivariate model, the distribution of genotype for rs1051993 in PDR group was significantly different from that in DWR group (GT vs GG: OR: 0.07, 95%CI: 0.01-0.61, P<0.001). No association with DR was observed in other genotyped SNPs. CONCLUSION The data suggest a significant association of the promoter variant rs1051993 in AGER gene with PDR in Chinese cohort with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Fan
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hong Gu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiu-Fen Yang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chong-Yang She
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xi-Pu Liu
- Sekwa Eye Hospital, Sekwa Institute of Medicine, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Ning-Pu Liu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China
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16
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Hsieh AR, Huang YC, Yang YF, Lin HJ, Lin JM, Chang YW, Wu CM, Liao WL, Tsai FJ. Lack of association of genetic variants for diabetic retinopathy in Taiwanese patients with diabetic nephropathy. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000727. [PMID: 31958309 PMCID: PMC7039583 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) comprise major microvascular complications of diabetes that occur with a high concordance rate in patients and are considered to potentially share pathogeneses. In this case-control study, we sought to investigate whether DR-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exert pleiotropic effects on renal function outcomes among patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 33 DR-related SNPs were identified by replicating published SNPs and via a genome-wide association study. Furthermore, we assessed the cumulative effects by creating a weighted genetic risk score and evaluated the discriminatory and prediction ability of these genetic variants using DN cases according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) status along with a cohort with early renal functional decline (ERFD). RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that the DR-related SNPs afforded no individual or cumulative genetic effect on the nephropathy risk, eGFR status or ERFD outcome among patients with type two diabetes in Taiwan. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that larger studies would be necessary to clearly ascertain the effects of individual genetic variants and further investigation is also required to identify other genetic pathways underlying DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Human Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fei Yang
- Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jane-Ming Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- Human Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Wu
- Human Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Human Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Liu E, Kaidonis G, McComish BJ, Gillies MC, Abhary S, Essex RW, Chang JH, Pal B, Daniell M, Lake S, Petrovsky N, Hewitt AW, Jenkins A, Lamoureux EL, Gleadle JM, Craig JE, Burdon KP. MicroRNA-Related Genetic Variants Are Associated With Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:3937-3942. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebony Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Georgia Kaidonis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bennet J. McComish
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mark C. Gillies
- Save Sight Institute, Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sotoodeh Abhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rohan W. Essex
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - John H. Chang
- School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bishwanath Pal
- Medical Retina Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Daniell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stewart Lake
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- Department of Endocrinology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alex W. Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alicia Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ecosse L. Lamoureux
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Jonathan M. Gleadle
- Renal Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn P. Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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18
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Liu C, Chen G, Bentley AR, Doumatey A, Zhou J, Adeyemo A, Yang J, Rotimi C. Genome-wide association study for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Africans. NPJ Genom Med 2019; 4:20. [PMID: 31482010 PMCID: PMC6715701 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-019-0094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a sight-threatening complication of diabetes that is associated with longer duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control under a genetic susceptibility background. Although GWAS of PDR have been conducted in Europeans and Asians, none has been done in continental Africans, a population at increased risk for PDR. Here, we report a GWAS of PDR among Africans. PDR cases (n = 64) were T2D patients with neovascularization in the retina and/or retinal detachment. Controls (n = 227) were T2D patients without listed eye complications despite high risk (T2D duration ≥10 years and fasting blood glucose >169 mg/dl). Replication was assessed in African Americans enrolled in the ARIC study. We identified 4 significant loci: WDR72, HLA-B, GAP43/RP11-326J18.1, and AL713866.1. At WDR72 the most strongly associated SNPs were rs12906891 (MAF = 0.071; p = 9.68 × 10-10; OR = 1.46, 95% CI [1.30,1.64]) and rs11070992 (MAF = 0.14; p = 4.23 × 10-8; OR = 1.28, 95%CI [1.17-1.40]). rs11070992 replicated in African Americans (p = 0.04). Variants in this gene have been associated with diabetic retinopathy, glycemic control, revascularization, and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10730 China
- Beijing Diabetes institute, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Guanjie Chen
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Amy R. Bentley
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Ayo Doumatey
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jinkui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10730 China
- Beijing Diabetes institute, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Charles Rotimi
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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19
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Sharma A, Valle ML, Beveridge C, Liu Y, Sharma S. Unraveling the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Eye (Lond) 2019; 33:534-541. [PMID: 30679875 PMCID: PMC6461978 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular disease of the retina and the leading cause of visual disability in diabetic patients. Genetic factors have shown to play a pivotal role in DR onset, and several candidate genes have been associated with its progression. A literature search was performed to identify the genes known to be associated with DR through linkage analysis, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A further literature search was performed to discover their potential connection with various biological pathways. A total of 65 genes were found and several of these genes belong to major signaling pathways known to play a significant role in DR, including systemic inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis. A comprehensive analysis presented in this review will be helpful in unraveling the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia
| | - Maria L Valle
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia
| | - Connor Beveridge
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia
| | - Yutao Liu
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, Georgia.
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20
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Pollack S, Igo RP, Jensen RA, Christiansen M, Li X, Cheng CY, Ng MCY, Smith AV, Rossin EJ, Segrè AV, Davoudi S, Tan GS, Chen YDI, Kuo JZ, Dimitrov LM, Stanwyck LK, Meng W, Hosseini SM, Imamura M, Nousome D, Kim J, Hai Y, Jia Y, Ahn J, Leong A, Shah K, Park KH, Guo X, Ipp E, Taylor KD, Adler SG, Sedor JR, Freedman BI, Lee IT, Sheu WHH, Kubo M, Takahashi A, Hadjadj S, Marre M, Tregouet DA, Mckean-Cowdin R, Varma R, McCarthy MI, Groop L, Ahlqvist E, Lyssenko V, Agardh E, Morris A, Doney ASF, Colhoun HM, Toppila I, Sandholm N, Groop PH, Maeda S, Hanis CL, Penman A, Chen CJ, Hancock H, Mitchell P, Craig JE, Chew EY, Paterson AD, Grassi MA, Palmer C, Bowden DW, Yaspan BL, Siscovick D, Cotch MF, Wang JJ, Burdon KP, Wong TY, Klein BEK, Klein R, Rotter JI, Iyengar SK, Price AL, Sobrin L. Multiethnic Genome-Wide Association Study of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Liability Threshold Modeling of Duration of Diabetes and Glycemic Control. Diabetes 2019; 68:441-456. [PMID: 30487263 PMCID: PMC6341299 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To identify genetic variants associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR), we performed a large multiethnic genome-wide association study. Discovery included eight European cohorts (n = 3,246) and seven African American cohorts (n = 2,611). We meta-analyzed across cohorts using inverse-variance weighting, with and without liability threshold modeling of glycemic control and duration of diabetes. Variants with a P value <1 × 10-5 were investigated in replication cohorts that included 18,545 European, 16,453 Asian, and 2,710 Hispanic subjects. After correction for multiple testing, the C allele of rs142293996 in an intron of nuclear VCP-like (NVL) was associated with DR in European discovery cohorts (P = 2.1 × 10-9), but did not reach genome-wide significance after meta-analysis with replication cohorts. We applied the Disease Association Protein-Protein Link Evaluator (DAPPLE) to our discovery results to test for evidence of risk being spread across underlying molecular pathways. One protein-protein interaction network built from genes in regions associated with proliferative DR was found to have significant connectivity (P = 0.0009) and corroborated with gene set enrichment analyses. These findings suggest that genetic variation in NVL, as well as variation within a protein-protein interaction network that includes genes implicated in inflammation, may influence risk for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuela Pollack
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Robert P Igo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Mark Christiansen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Elizabeth J Rossin
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ayellet V Segrè
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Samaneh Davoudi
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gavin S Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Jane Z Kuo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
- Medical Affairs, Ophthalmology, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc., Princeton, NJ
| | - Latchezar M Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Lynn K Stanwyck
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Weihua Meng
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee School of Medicine, Scotland, U.K
| | - S Mohsen Hosseini
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minako Imamura
- Laboratory for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Kidney Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jihye Kim
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Jeeyun Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aaron Leong
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Unit, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kaanan Shah
- Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Eli Ipp
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolism, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Sharon G Adler
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California, Torrance, CA
| | - John R Sedor
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Division of Nephrology, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Research Institute, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Samy Hadjadj
- CHU de Poitiers, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Poitiers, France
- Université de Poitiers, UFR Médecine Pharmacie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402, Poitiers, France
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402, Poitiers, France
- L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Marre
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, DHU FIRE, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - David-Alexandre Tregouet
- Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, UPMC, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Mckean-Cowdin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rohit Varma
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabet Agardh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andrew Morris
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Alex S F Doney
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - Helen M Colhoun
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Iiro Toppila
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Kidney Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Alan Penman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Ching J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Heather Hancock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Y Chew
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A Grassi
- Grassi Retina, Naperville, IL
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Colin Palmer
- Pat MacPherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - David Siscovick
- Institute for Urban Health, New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mary Frances Cotch
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Tien Y Wong
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barbara E K Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ronald Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Sudha K Iyengar
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Alkes L Price
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lucia Sobrin
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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21
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Multilocus genetic risk score for diabetic retinopathy in the Han Chinese population of Taiwan. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14535. [PMID: 30266984 PMCID: PMC6162301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the effect of genetic variation on diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk in a Taiwanese population. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between DR status and risk factors, including the conventional parameters and genetic risk score (GRS). Candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GRS were selected based on previous reports with a combined P < 10-4 (genome-wide association) and P < 0.05 (meta-analysis). In total, 58 SNPs in 44 susceptibility loci were selected, and four were used to calculate GRS. After adjustment for age, systolic blood pressure, diabetes duration, and HbA1c, the DR risk was 4.95 times higher for patients in the top GRS third tile than for those in the bottom third tile (95% CI = 2.99-8.18; P < 0.001). The addition of genetic information improved DR prediction, increasing the area under the curve (AUC) from 0.72 to 0.77 (P = 0.0024) and improving the sensitivity of the model such that 40 more subjects were reclassified into DR status. The developed multivariate logistic regression model combining conventional risk factors and the multilocus GRS can predict DR, thus enabling timely treatment to reduce blindness in T2D patients.
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22
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Dame C, Sciesielski LK, Rau C, Badur CA, Bührer C. The Erythropoietin Promoter Variant rs1617640 Is Not Associated with Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity, Independent of Treatment with Erythropoietin. J Pediatr 2018; 199:256-259. [PMID: 29731355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this case-control study, the erythropoietin (EPO) promoter variant s1617640, linked to high intravitreal EPO concentrations and increased risk of diabetic retinopathy, was not associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity. This finding was observed both in infants with and without recombinant EPO administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Dame
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Lina K Sciesielski
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Rau
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Sandholm N, Groop PH. Genetic basis of diabetic kidney disease and other diabetic complications. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2018; 50:17-24. [PMID: 29453109 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease and other long-term complications are common in diabetes, and comprise the main cause of co-morbidity and premature mortality in individuals with diabetes. While familial clustering and heritability have been reported for all diabetic complications, the genetic background and the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In recent years, genome-wide association studies have identified a few susceptibility loci for the renal complications as well as for diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiovascular disease and mortality. As for many complex diseases, the genetic factors increase the risk of complications in concert with the environment, and certain associations seem specific for particular conditions, for example, SP3-CDCA7 associated with end-stage renal disease only in women, or MGMT and variants on chromosome 5q13 associated with cardiovascular mortality only under tight glycaemic control. The characterization of the phenotypes is one of the main challenges for genetic research on diabetic complications, in addition to an urgent need to increase the number of individuals with diabetes with high quality phenotypic data to be included in future genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Hernández-Guerrero C, Parra-Carriedo A, Ruiz-de-Santiago D, Galicia-Castillo O, Buenrostro-Jáuregui M, Díaz-Gutiérrez C. Genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD affect the outcome of clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric variables in people with obesity under a dietary intervention. GENES & NUTRITION 2018; 13:1. [PMID: 29339975 PMCID: PMC5759352 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-017-0590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes CAT, GPX, and SOD are involved in the etiology of obesity and its principal comorbidities. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of aforementioned SNPs over the output of several variables in people with obesity after a nutritional intervention. The study included 92 Mexican women, which received a dietary intervention by 3 months. Participants were genotyped and stratified into two groups: (1) carriers; mutated homozygous plus heterozygous (CR) and (2) homozygous wild type (WT). A comparison between CR and WT was done in clinical (CV), biochemical (BV), and anthropometric variables (AV), at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. RESULTS Participants (n = 92) showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) at the end of the nutritional intervention in several CV, BV, and AV. However, two kinds of responses were observed after genotyping participants: (A) CR and WT showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in several CV, BV, and AV for the SNPs 599C>T GPX1 (rs1050450), - 251A>G SOD1 (rs2070424), and - 262C>T CAT (rs1001179). (B) Only CR showed statistically changes (p < 0.05) in several CV, BV, and AV for the SNPs - 21A>T CAT (rs7943316) and 47C>T SOD2 (rs4880). The dietary intervention effect was statistically significantly between the polymorphisms of 47C>T SOD2 and BMI, SBP, TBARS, total cholesterol, and C-LCL (p < 0.05) and between the polymorphisms of - 21A>T CAT (rs7943316) and SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, and atherogenic index (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION People with obesity display different response in several CV, BV, and AV after a nutritional intervention, depending on the antioxidant genetic background of SOD and CAT enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Hernández-Guerrero
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Col Santa Fe, 01219 México City, Mexico
| | - Alicia Parra-Carriedo
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Col Santa Fe, 01219 México City, Mexico
| | - Diana Ruiz-de-Santiago
- Especialidad en Obesidad y Comorbilidades, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carmen Díaz-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Col Santa Fe, 01219 México City, Mexico
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Bull SB, Andrulis IL, Paterson AD. Statistical challenges in high-dimensional molecular and genetic epidemiology. CAN J STAT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjs.11342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley B. Bull
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute; Sinai Health System; Toronto Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health; University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario Canada M5T 3M7
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute; Sinai Health System; Toronto Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Andrew D. Paterson
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health; University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario Canada M5T 3M7
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program; The Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto, Ontario Canada M5G 0A4
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26
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Chen Z, Yuan Y, Zou X, Hong M, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Li G, Zhu Y, Luo L, Bao B, Bu S. Radix Puerariae and Fructus Crataegi mixture inhibits renal injury in type 2 diabetes via decreasing of AKT/PI3K. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:454. [PMID: 28886733 PMCID: PMC5591499 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Radix puerariae (RP) is a herbal medicines for diabetes, mainly because of anti-oxidative, insulin resistance and hypoglycemic effect. Fructus crataegi (FC) also possesses strong antioxidant activity in vitro. This study focused on the effects of herbal mixture of RP and FC (RPFC) on renal protection through a diabetic rat model. Methods Type 2 Diabetic model was established with high fat diet followed by injecting rats a low dose of STZ (25 mg/kg body weight). Rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal, high fat diet, diabetes mellitus, high fat diet plus RPFC prevention, and RPFC prevention before diabetes mellitus. RPFC was given to rats daily by intragastric gavage. The blood bio-chemical index and renal pathological changes were examined. The later includes hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid schiff staining, and Masson trichrome staining. Protein levels of were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. Results Rats prevented with RPFC resulted in decreasing blood glucose with corresponding vehicle treated rats. Glomerulus mesangial matrix expansion, renal capsule constriction, and renal tubular epithelial cell edema were less severe following RPFC prevention. Moreover, RPFC prevention reduced protein levels of PI3K, AKT, α-SMA and collagen IV in the kidney of diabetic rats. Conclusion Combined prevention with RPFC may inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway in the kidney, thereby prevent renal injury in diabetic rats.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetic complications affecting the kidneys, retina, nerves, and the cardiovasculature are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. This paper aims to review the current understanding of the genetic basis of these complications, based on recent findings especially from genome-wide association studies. RECENT FINDINGS Variants in or near AFF3, RGMA-MCTP2, SP3-CDCA7, GLRA3, CNKSR3, and UMOD have reached genome-wide significance (p value <5 × 10-8) for association with diabetic kidney disease, and recently, GRB2 was reported to be associated at genome-wide significance with diabetic retinopathy. While some loci affecting cardiovascular disease in the general population have been replicated in diabetes, GLUL affects the risk of cardiovascular disease specifically in diabetic subjects. Genetic findings are emerging for diabetic complications, although the studies remain relatively small compared to those for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In addition to pinpointing specific loci, the studies also reveal biological information on correlated traits and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
- Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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CDKAL1 rs7756992 is associated with diabetic retinopathy in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8812. [PMID: 28821857 PMCID: PMC5562862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes. Susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes may also impact the susceptibility of DR. This case-control study investigated the effects of 88 type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci on DR in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes performed in two stages. In stage 1, 88 SNPs were genotyped in 1,251 patients with type 2 diabetes, and we found that ADAMTS9-AS2 rs4607103, WFS1 rs10010131, CDKAL1 rs7756992, VPS26A rs1802295 and IDE-KIF11-HHEX rs1111875 were significantly associated with DR. The association between CDKAL1 rs7756992 and DR remained significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (corrected P = 0.0492). Then, the effect of rs7756992 on DR were analysed in two independent cohorts for replication in stage 2. Cohort (1) consisted of 380 patients with DR and 613 patients with diabetes for ≥5 years but without DR. Cohort (2) consisted of 545 patients with DR and 929 patients with diabetes for ≥5 years but without DR. A meta-analysis combining the results of stage 1 and 2 revealed a significant association between rs7756992 and DR, with the minor allele A conferring a lower risk of DR (OR 0.824, 95% CI 0.743–0.914, P = 2.46 × 10−4).
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Reid G, Lois N. Erythropoietin in diabetic retinopathy. Vision Res 2017; 139:237-242. [PMID: 28652140 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past years, knowledge has expanded with regards to the multiple roles played by erythropoietin (EPO) in the body. Once believed to be a hormone synthesised in the kidney and involved only in the modulation of erythrocyte production, it is recognised now that EPO can be produced in many tissues, including the retina, and by many cells. In these tissues EPO is released in response to "tissue injury" and appears to have protective functions. Despite the extensive research conducted to date, the cues leading to release of EPO and its effects in the normal and diseased retina have not been fully elucidated. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies as well as small interventional clinical studies suggest a potential beneficial effect of externally administered EPO in early diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema. In contrast, controversy exists with regards to the possible use of EPO in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Non-erythropoietic EPO-derived peptides, produced with the aim of increasing effectiveness and reducing side effects of EPO, are currently under investigation in early phase clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Reid
- Ophthalmology Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, 274 Grosvenor Rd, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Noemi Lois
- Ophthalmology Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, 274 Grosvenor Rd, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL Belfast, UK.
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Liu E, Craig JE, Burdon K. Diabetic macular oedema: clinical risk factors and emerging genetic influences. Clin Exp Optom 2017; 100:569-576. [PMID: 28556097 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic macular oedema is the major cause of visual impairment in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. As type 2 diabetes becomes more prevalent worldwide, the prevalence of diabetic macular oedema is also expected to rise. Current management of diabetic macular oedema is challenging, expensive and not optimal in a subset of patients. Therefore, it is important to increase our understanding of the risk factors involved and develop preventative strategies. While clinical risk factors for diabetic macular oedema have been identified, few studies have addressed potential genetic risk factors. Epidemiology and family studies suggest genetic influences are of importance. In this review, we summarise known clinical risk factors, as well as discuss the small number of genetic studies that have been performed for diabetic macular oedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebony Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn Burdon
- Cancer, Immunology and Genetics, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Ung C, Sanchez AV, Shen L, Davoudi S, Ahmadi T, Navarro-Gomez D, Chen CJ, Hancock H, Penman A, Hoadley S, Consugar M, Restrepo C, Shah VA, Arboleda-Velasquez JF, Sobrin L, Gai X, Kim LA. Whole exome sequencing identification of novel candidate genes in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Vision Res 2017; 139:168-176. [PMID: 28431867 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rare or novel gene variants in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy may contribute to disease development. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) on patients at the phenotypic extremes of diabetic retinal complications: 57 patients diagnosed with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as cases and 13 patients with no diabetic retinopathy despite at least 10years of type 2 diabetes as controls. Thirty-one out of the 57 cases and all 13 controls were from the African American Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Study (AA). The rest of the cases were of mixed ethnicities (ME). WES identified 721 candidate genes with rare or novel non-synonymous variants found in at least one case with PDR and not present in any controls. After filtering for genes with null alleles in greater than two cases, 28 candidate genes were identified in our ME cases and 16 genes were identified in our AA cases. Our analysis showed rare and novel variants within these genes that could contribute to the development of PDR, including rare non-synonymous variants in FAM132A, SLC5A9, ZNF600, and TMEM217. We also found previously unidentified variants in VEGFB and APOB. We found that VEGFB, VPS13B, PHF21A, NAT1, ZNF600, PKHD1L1 expression was reduced in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) cultured under high glucose conditions. In an exome sequence analysis of patients with PDR, we identified variants in genes that could contribute to pathogenesis. Six of these genes were further validated and found to have reduced expression in HRECs under high glucose conditions, suggestive of an important role in the development of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Ung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angie V Sanchez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lishuang Shen
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samaneh Davoudi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tina Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Navarro-Gomez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Heather Hancock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Alan Penman
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Suzanne Hoadley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mark Consugar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Restrepo
- Basic Science Group, School of Medicine, CES University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Vinay A Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lucia Sobrin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xiaowu Gai
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Leo A Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Siokas V, Dardiotis E, Sokolakis T, Kotoula M, Tachmitzi SV, Chatzoulis DZ, Almpanidou P, Stefanidis I, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Tsironi EE. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 Tag Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Diabetic Retinopathy. Curr Eye Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1276197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Thomas Sokolakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Kotoula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sophia V. Tachmitzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Z. Chatzoulis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Pavlina Almpanidou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios M. Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evangelia E. Tsironi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Villegas-Ruiz V, Hendlmeier F, Buentello-Volante B, Rodríguez-Loaiza JL, Miranda-Duarte A, Zenteno JC. Genome-wide mRNA analysis reveals a TUBD1 isoform profile as a potential biomarker for diabetic retinopathy development. Exp Eye Res 2017; 155:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Buzzetti R, Prudente S, Copetti M, Dauriz M, Zampetti S, Garofolo M, Penno G, Trischitta V. Clinical worthlessness of genetic prediction of common forms of diabetes mellitus and related chronic complications: A position statement of the Italian Society of Diabetology. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:99-114. [PMID: 28063875 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM We are currently facing several attempts aimed at marketing genetic data for predicting multifactorial diseases, among which diabetes mellitus is one of the more prevalent. The present document primarily aims at providing to practicing physicians a summary of available data regarding the role of genetic information in predicting diabetes and its chronic complications. DATA SYNTHESIS Firstly, general information about characteristics and performance of risk prediction tools will be presented in order to help clinicians to get acquainted with basic methodological information related to the subject at issue. Then, as far as type 1 diabetes is concerned, available data indicate that genetic information and counseling may be useful only in families with many affected individuals. However, since no disease prevention is possible, the utility of predicting this form of diabetes is at question. In the case of type 2 diabetes, available data really question the utility of adding genetic information on top of well performing, easy available and inexpensive non-genetic markers. Finally, the possibility of using the few available genetic data on diabetic complications for improving our ability to predict them will also be presented and discussed. For cardiovascular complication, the addition of genetic information to models based on clinical features does not translate in a substantial improvement in risk discrimination. For all other diabetic complications genetic information are currently very poor and cannot, therefore, be used for improving risk stratification. CONCLUSIONS In all, nowadays the use of genetic testing for predicting diabetes and its chronic complications is definitively of little value in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; UOC Diabetology, Polo Pontino, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Prudente
- Mendel Laboratory, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M Dauriz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Zampetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; UOC Diabetology, Polo Pontino, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Garofolo
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Penno
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Trischitta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mendel Laboratory, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of acquired vision loss, is a microvascular complication of diabetes. While traditional risk factors for diabetic retinopathy including longer duration of diabetes, poor blood glucose control, and dyslipidemia are helpful in stratifying patient's risk for developing retinopathy, many patients without these traditional risk factors develop DR; furthermore, there are persons with long diabetes duration who do not develop DR. Thus, identifying biomarkers to predict DR or to determine therapeutic response is important. A biomarker can be defined as a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Incorporation of biomarkers into risk stratification of persons with diabetes would likely aid in early diagnosis and guide treatment methods for those with DR or with worsening DR. Systemic biomarkers of DR include serum measures including genomic, proteomic, and metabolomics biomarkers. Ocular biomarkers including tears and vitreous and retinal vascular structural changes have also been studied extensively to prognosticate the risk of DR development. The current studies on biomarkers are limited by the need for larger sample sizes, cross-validation in different populations and ethnic groups, and time-efficient and cost-effective analytical techniques. Future research is important to explore novel DR biomarkers that are non-invasive, rapid, economical, and accurate to help reduce the incidence and progression of DR in people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shu Wei Ting
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kara-Anne Tan
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Val Phua
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Gavin Siew Wei Tan
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Wai Wong
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Yan ZP, Ma JX. Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in northern Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1194-9. [PMID: 27588275 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.08.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in northern Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed between May 2011 and April 2012. A total of 1100 patients (male/female, 483/617) were included in this study. DR was defined following the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) severity scale. All included patients accepted a comprehensive ophthalmic examination including retinal photographs. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for age and gender. RESULTS Retinopathy was present in 307 patients with a prevalence of 27.9%. In univariate logistic analysis, presence of DR was associated with longer duration of diabetes (OR, 5.70; 95%CI, 2.91-12.56), higher concentration of fasting blood glucose (OR, 12.94; 95%CI, 2.40-67.71), higher level of glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c (OR, 5.50; 95%CI, 3.78-11.97) and insulin treatment (OR, 6.99; 95%CI, 1.39-35.12). The lifestyle of patients with T2DM including smoking, alcohol consumption and regular exercise seemed not associated with the development of DR. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that fasting serum glucose concentration, HbA1c level, duration of diabetes and insulin treatment are potential risk factors for DR in northern Chinese patients with T2DM, while the lifestyle of included patients seems not associated with DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jing-Xue Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
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Del Vecchio L, Locatelli F. An overview on safety issues related to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for the treatment of anaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016; 15:1021-30. [PMID: 27149639 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2016.1182494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) are effective drugs, which have been used for decades in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with few side effects. More recently, concern has been raised around their safety, from higher cardiovascular and thrombosis risk to cancer progression and increased mortality. AREAS COVERED We made a literature search on PubMed looking for adverse effects of ESA in CKD patients. The topics covered are cardiovascular adverse events, thrombosis, increased mortality, hypertension, cancer progression, diabetic retinopathy, pure red cell aplasia and anaphylactic reactions. EXPERT OPINION Concerns around ESA therapy have questioned treatment indications in high-risk CKD patients (those with cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular comorbidities). A more cautious approach has then prevailed. In our opinion, intermediate Hb values (Hb 10-12 g/dl) should be aimed with ESA therapy, being more cautious in high-risk patients. As a consequence, IV iron is administered more frequently. However, excessive iron use may cause iron overload and in rare cases severe anaphylactic reactions. There are expectations of new erythropoietic agents, such as those manipulating the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF) system. Differing from ESAs, they stimulate the production of endogenous EPO, avoiding over-physiological plasmatic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Del Vecchio
- a Department of Nephrology and Dialysis , A. Manzoni Hospital , Lecco , Italy
| | - Francesco Locatelli
- a Department of Nephrology and Dialysis , A. Manzoni Hospital , Lecco , Italy
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Sinha S, Saxena S, Das S, Prasad S, Bhasker SK, Mahdi AA, Kruzliak P. Antimyeloperoxidase antibody is a biomarker for progression of diabetic retinopathy. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:700-4. [PMID: 26948921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the correlation between serum antimyeloperoxidase (MPO) antibody levels with severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS Study subjects included 60 consecutive cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM): no diabetic retinopathy (NODR, n=20); nonproliferative DR (NPDR, n=20); proliferative DR (PDR, n=20) and 20 healthy controls. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured on logMAR scale. Serum anti-MPO antibody levels were evaluated using ELISA IgG kit. Serum urea and creatinine was measured using standard protocol. Data were analysed statistically. RESULTS Mean serum anti-MPO antibody (RU/ml) was 16.94 ± 4.85 in controls, 17.66 ± 4.78 in NODR, 21.51 ± 5.27 in NPDR and 37.27 ± 11.92 in PDR groups. On ANOVA, significant difference in visual acuity was found among the study groups (F=73.46, p<0.001). Serum anti-MPO antibody was correlated significantly with decrease in visual acuity (F=48.40, p<0.001), increase in serum urea (F=128.13, p<0.001) and creatinine (F=77.10, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Increase in serum anti-MPO antibody levels correlate with increased severity of DR. Serum anti-MPO antibody may be a noteworthy biochemical marker for progression of retinopathy from nonproliferative to proliferative stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sinha
- Retina service, Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sandeep Saxena
- Retina service, Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
| | - Siddharth Das
- Department of Rheumatology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Senthamizh Prasad
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shashi Kumar Bhasker
- Retina service, Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Proteomics, Central Laboratories, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Fan Y, Fu YY, Chen Z, Hu YY, Shen J. Gene-gene interaction of erythropoietin gene polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy in Chinese Han. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1524-30. [PMID: 27190272 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216645210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the erythropoietin gene polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy and additional role of gene-gene interaction on diabetic retinopathy risk. A total of 1193 patients (579 men, 614 women) with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected, including 397 diabetic retinopathy patients and 796 controls (type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy); the mean age of all participants was 56.7 ± 13.9 years. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected: rs507392, rs1617640, and rs551238. The t-test was used for comparison of erythropoietin protein level erythropoietin levels in patients having different erythropoietin genotypes. Logistic regression model was used to examine the association between three single nucleotide polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confident interval (95% CI) were calculated. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction was employed to analyze the impact of interaction among three single nucleotide polymorphisms on CVD risk. After covariates adjustment, the carriers of homozygous mutant of three single nucleotide polymorphisms have higher diabetic retinopathy risk than those with wild-type homozygotes, OR (95% CI) were 2.04 (1.12-2.35), 1.87 (1.10-2.41) and 1.15 (1.06-1.76), respectively. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction model indicated a significant three-locus model (p = 0.0010) involving rs507392, rs1617640, and rs551238. Overall, the three-locus models had a cross-validation consistency of 10 of 10, and had the testing accuracy of 60.72%. Subjects with TC or CC-TG or GG-AC or CC genotype have the highest diabetic retinopathy risk. In conclusion, our results support an important association of rs507392, rs1617640 and rs551238 minor allele of erythropoietin with increased diabetic retinopathy risk, and additional interaction among three single nucleotide polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanFei Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, West Zhongshan Rd, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Yin-Yu Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, West Zhongshan Rd, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, West Zhongshan Rd, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, West Zhongshan Rd, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, West Zhongshan Rd, Guangzhou 510500, China
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Porta M, Toppila I, Sandholm N, Hosseini SM, Forsblom C, Hietala K, Borio L, Harjutsalo V, Klein BE, Klein R, Paterson AD, Groop PH. Variation in SLC19A3 and Protection From Microvascular Damage in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2016; 65:1022-30. [PMID: 26718501 PMCID: PMC4806664 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The risk of long-term diabetes complications is not fully explained by diabetes duration or long-term glycemic exposure, suggesting the involvement of genetic factors. Because thiamine regulates intracellular glucose metabolism and corrects for multiple damaging effects of high glucose, we hypothesized that variants in specific thiamine transporters are associated with risk of severe retinopathy and/or severe nephropathy because they modify an individual's ability to achieve sufficiently high intracellular thiamine levels. We tested 134 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two thiamine transporters (SLC19A2/3) and their transcription factors (SP1/2) for an association with severe retinopathy or nephropathy or their combination in the FinnDiane cohort. Subsequently, the results were examined for replication in the DCCT/EDIC and Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR) cohorts. We found two SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium in the SLC19A3 locus associated with a reduced rate of severe retinopathy and the combined phenotype of severe retinopathy and end-stage renal disease. The association for the combined phenotype reached genome-wide significance in a meta-analysis that included the WESDR cohort. These findings suggest that genetic variations in SLC19A3 play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy and may explain why some individuals with type 1 diabetes are less prone than others to develop microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Iiro Toppila
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Mohsen Hosseini
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kustaa Hietala
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lorenzo Borio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Barbara E Klein
- Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Ronald Klein
- Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Agarwal A, Ingham SA, Harkins KA, Do DV, Nguyen QD. The role of pharmacogenetics and advances in gene therapy in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:309-20. [PMID: 26807609 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its complications such as diabetic macular edema continue to remain a major cause for legal blindness in the developed world. While the introduction of anti-tVEGF agents has significantly improved visual outcomes of patients with DR, unpredictable response, largely due to genetic polymorphisms, appears to be a challenge with this therapy. With advances in identification of various genetic biomarkers, novel therapeutic strategies consisting of gene transfer are being developed and tested for patients with DR. Application of pharmacogenetic principles appears to be a promising futuristic strategy to attenuate diabetes-mediated retinal vasculopathy. In this comprehensive review, data from recent studies in the field of pharmacogenomics for the treatment of DR have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Agarwal
- Ocular Imaging Research & Reading Center (OIRRC), Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sally A Ingham
- College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Keegan A Harkins
- Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Diana V Do
- Ocular Imaging Research & Reading Center (OIRRC), Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Quan Dong Nguyen
- Ocular Imaging Research & Reading Center (OIRRC), Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, South 42nd Street & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Davoudi S, Sobrin L. Novel Genetic Actors of Diabetes-Associated Microvascular Complications: Retinopathy, Kidney Disease and Neuropathy. Rev Diabet Stud 2016; 12:243-59. [PMID: 26859656 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2015.12.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus can lead to the common microvascular complications of diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease, and neuropathy. Diabetic patients do not universally develop these complications. Long duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control explain a lot of the variability in the development of microvascular complications, but not all. Genetic factors account for some of the remaining variability because of the heritability and familial clustering of these complications. There have been a large number of investigations, including linkage studies, candidate gene studies, and genome-wide association studies, all of which have sought to identify the specific variants that increase susceptibility. For retinopathy, several genome-wide association studies have been performed in small or midsize samples, but no reproducible loci across the studies have been identified. For diabetic kidney disease, genome-wide association studies in larger samples have been performed, and loci for this complication are beginning to emerge. However, validation of the existing discoveries, and further novel discoveries in larger samples is ongoing. The amount of genetic research into diabetic neuropathy has been very limited, and much is dedicated to the understanding of genetic risk factors only. Collaborations that pool samples and aim to detect phenotype classifications more precisely are promising avenues for a better explanation of the genetics of diabetic microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Davoudi
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lucia Sobrin
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Shtir C, Aldahmesh MA, Al-Dahmash S, Abboud E, Alkuraya H, Abouammoh MA, Nowailaty SR, Al-Thubaiti G, Naim EA, ALYounes B, Binhumaid FS, ALOtaibi AB, Altamimi AS, Alamer FH, Hashem M, Abouelhoda M, Monies D, Alkuraya FS. Exome-based case–control association study using extreme phenotype design reveals novel candidates with protective effect in diabetic retinopathy. Hum Genet 2015; 135:193-200. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hampton BM, Schwartz SG, Brantley MA, Flynn HW. Update on genetics and diabetic retinopathy. Clin Ophthalmol 2015; 9:2175-93. [PMID: 26648684 PMCID: PMC4664538 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s94508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR), such as duration of disease and degree of glucose control, do not adequately predict disease progression in individual patients, suggesting the presence of a genetic component. Multiple smaller studies have investigated genotype–phenotype correlations in genes encoding vascular endothelial growth factor, aldose reductase, the receptor for advanced glycation end products, and many others. In general, reported results have been conflicting, due to factors including small sample sizes, variations in study design, differences in clinical end points, and underlying genetic differences between study groups. At this time, there is no confirmed association with any risk allele reported. As we continue to collect data from additional studies, the role of genetics in DR may become more apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake M Hampton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stephen G Schwartz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Milam A Brantley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harry W Flynn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Zeng Y, Dai F, Yang K, Tang Y, Xu M, Zhou Y. Association between a vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphism (rs2146323) and diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2015; 15:163. [PMID: 26553067 PMCID: PMC4640352 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-015-0155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Previous studies have associated the VEGF rs2146323 polymorphism with the risk of DR. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the VEGF rs2146323 polymorphism and the risk of DR. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar literature databases until March 2015 were searched. The differences in the studies were expressed in the form of an odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity among the studies was tested using the I2 statistic based on the Q test. Results A total of four studies (598 cases and 709 controls) were included in the meta-analysis. A significant association was found involving the rs2146323 polymorphism in the dominant model (CA + AA VS. CC) (OR = 1.38, CI = 1.10–1.72, P = 0.005) and the co-dominant model (CA VS. CC) (OR = 1.37, CI = 1.08–1.74, P = 0.008). Conclusions Our meta-analysis confirmed the association between the VEGF rs2146323 polymorphism and the risk of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fangjie Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqing Tang
- Department of Development, Great China Region of Novartis, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwu Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tandon A, Chen CJ, Penman A, Hancock H, James M, Husain D, Andreoli C, Li X, Kuo JZ, Idowu O, Riche D, Papavasilieou E, Brauner S, Smith SO, Hoadley S, Richardson C, Kieser T, Vazquez V, Chi C, Fernandez M, Harden M, Cotch MF, Siscovick D, Taylor HA, Wilson JG, Reich D, Wong TY, Klein R, Klein BEK, Rotter JI, Patterson N, Sobrin L. African Ancestry Analysis and Admixture Genetic Mapping for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in African Americans. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:3999-4005. [PMID: 26098467 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-16674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship between proportion of African ancestry (PAA) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to identify genetic loci associated with PDR using admixture mapping in African Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Between 1993 and 2013, 1440 participants enrolled in four different studies had fundus photographs graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale. Cases (n = 305) had PDR while controls (n = 1135) had nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) or no DR. Covariates included diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1C, systolic blood pressure, income, and education. Genotyping was performed on the Affymetrix platform. The association between PAA and PDR was evaluated using logistic regression. Genome-wide admixture scanning was performed using ANCESTRYMAP software. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, PDR was associated with increased PAA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-1.59, P = 0.0002). In multivariate regression adjusting for traditional DR risk factors, income and education, the association between PAA and PDR was attenuated and no longer significant (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.59-2.47, P = 0.61). For the admixture analyses, the maximum genome-wide score was 1.44 on chromosome 1. CONCLUSIONS In this largest study of PDR in African Americans with T2D to date, an association between PAA and PDR is not present after adjustment for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors. No genome-wide significant locus (defined as having a locus-genome statistic > 5) was identified with admixture analysis. Further analyses with even larger sample sizes are needed to definitively assess if any admixture signal for DR is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Tandon
- Department of Genetics Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ching J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Alan Penman
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States 5Department of Biostatistics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Heather Hancock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Maurice James
- Ophthalmology, St Dominic's Hospital, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Deeba Husain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Christopher Andreoli
- Visual Services Department, Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABiomed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Jane Z Kuo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABiomed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California, United States 10Pathway Genomic Corporation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Omolola Idowu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Daniel Riche
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Evangelia Papavasilieou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Stacey Brauner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sataria O Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Suzanne Hoadley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Cole Richardson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Troy Kieser
- Visual Services Department, Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Vanessa Vazquez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Cheryl Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Marlene Fernandez
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Maegan Harden
- Genomics Platform, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mary Frances Cotch
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - David Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Herman A Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - David Reich
- Department of Genetics Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tien Y Wong
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 17Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Ronald Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Barbara E K Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABiomed and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Nick Patterson
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lucia Sobrin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Li T, Xi HF, Luo HM, Liu WX, Gao X, Liu DW, Yang L. Association of the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene C242T polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy, and carotid atherosclerosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2015; 6:1-8. [PMID: 26380814 PMCID: PMC4556815 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene C242T polymorphism and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and carotid atherosclerosis with T2DM (CA), but the results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis was therefore designed to clarify these controversies. Methods Systematic searches were performed using electronic databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, as well as through manual searching of the references of identified articles. A total of 11 publications were eligible for this meta-analysis after running a search on the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene C242T polymorphism, including 7 with outcomes for T2DM, 7 with outcomes for DN, and 3 with outcomes for CA. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a fixed effects model (FEM) or a random effects model (REM). Publication bias was tested by Begg's funnel plot analysis. Sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results The results showed a significant association between the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene C242T polymorphism and T2DM risk in the allelic model (REM: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06–1.43), additive model (FEM: OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.14–2.26), and recessive model (FEM: OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.10–2.05). A significant association was also observed for DN in the allelic model (REM: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06–1.47), additive model (FEM: OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.08–2.38), and dominant model (REM: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.03–1.54). However, no association was observed for CA. Similar results were obtained in subgroup analysis based on ethnicity. Conclusions Results of this meta-analysis suggest that the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene 242T allele might be associated with an increased risk of T2DM and DN, but not CA. There are significant association between P22 phox gene C242T polymorphism with T2DM DN risk but no significant association with CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hai-Feng Xi
- Hebei Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hong-Min Luo
- Department of Nephrology Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Dian-Wu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Dong J, Gao W, Liu F, Zhao J, Wu X, Guan X, Liu J, Liao L. Association of chemokine ligand 5/chemokine receptor 5 gene promoter polymorphisms with diabetic microvascular complications: A meta-analysis. J Diabetes Investig 2015; 7:212-8. [PMID: 27042273 PMCID: PMC4773673 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) is a member of the CC‐chemokine family expressed in various organs. It contributes to the migration of monocytes/macrophages into injured vascular walls by binding with its receptor chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). Many studies have accessed the association between CCL5/CCR5 gene promoter polymorphisms and diabetic microvascular complications (DMI). However, the results are conflicting and inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association more precisely. Materials and Methods Trials were retrieved through PubMed, Embase, Medline, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science and Cochrane database without restrictions on language. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to describe the strength of association with DMI. Results Data were obtained from 11 case–control studies that included 2,737 DMI patients and 2,435 diabetic control subjects. In the overall analysis, the CCL5‐403 G/A and CCL5‐28 C/G gene polymorphisms were not significantly associated with the risk of DMI. However, CCR5‐59029 G/A was an independent risk factor of DMI in a dominant model (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.06–2.97). Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of the CCR5 59029A‐positive genotype was significant in Asians (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.68–2.57). In addition, the CCR5 59029A‐positive genotype was associated with increased risk of albuminuria. Conclusions There were no associations of CCL5 gene promoter polymorphism with the risk of DMI. However, the 59029A polymorphism in CCR5 might affect individual susceptibility for DMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China; Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Weiyi Gao
- Department of Cadres Health care Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Qingdao China
| | - Fupeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology Tengzhou Central People's Hospital Tengzhou China
| | - Junyu Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Xiaoling Guan
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Ju Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine and Medical Research Center Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Lin Liao
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China
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Jenkins AJ, Joglekar MV, Hardikar AA, Keech AC, O'Neal DN, Januszewski AS. Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy. Rev Diabet Stud 2015; 12:159-95. [PMID: 26676667 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2015.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a global diabetes epidemic correlating with an increase in obesity. This coincidence may lead to a rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. There is also an as yet unexplained increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes, which is not related to adiposity. Whilst improved diabetes care has substantially improved diabetes outcomes, the disease remains a common cause of working age adult-onset blindness. Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequently occurring complication of diabetes; it is greatly feared by many diabetes patients. There are multiple risk factors and markers for the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy, yet residual risk remains. Screening for diabetic retinopathy is recommended to facilitate early detection and treatment. Common biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and its risk in clinical practice today relate to the visualization of the retinal vasculature and measures of glycemia, lipids, blood pressure, body weight, smoking, and pregnancy status. Greater knowledge of novel biomarkers and mediators of diabetic retinopathy, such as those related to inflammation and angiogenesis, has contributed to the development of additional therapeutics, in particular for late-stage retinopathy, including intra-ocular corticosteroids and intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors ('anti-VEGFs') agents. Unfortunately, in spite of a range of treatments (including laser photocoagulation, intraocular steroids, and anti-VEGF agents, and more recently oral fenofibrate, a PPAR-alpha agonist lipid-lowering drug), many patients with diabetic retinopathy do not respond well to current therapeutics. Therefore, more effective treatments for diabetic retinopathy are necessary. New analytical techniques, in particular those related to molecular markers, are accelerating progress in diabetic retinopathy research. Given the increasing incidence and prevalence of diabetes, and the limited capacity of healthcare systems to screen and treat diabetic retinopathy, there is need to reliably identify and triage people with diabetes. Biomarkers may facilitate a better understanding of diabetic retinopathy, and contribute to the development of novel treatments and new clinical strategies to prevent vision loss in people with diabetes. This article reviews key aspects related to biomarker research, and focuses on some specific biomarkers relevant to diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anthony C Keech
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | - David N O'Neal
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
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