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Dai J, Xu D, Yang C, Wang H, Chen D, Lin Z, Qiu S, Zhang L, Li X, Tian X, Liu Q, Cui Y, Zhou R, Liu W. Severe pneumonia and pathogenic damage in human airway epithelium caused by Coxsackievirus B4. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2261560. [PMID: 37725516 PMCID: PMC10538465 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2261560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) has one of the highest proportions of fatal outcomes of other enterovirus serotypes. However, the pathogenesis of severe respiratory disease caused by CVB4 infection remains unclear. In this study, 3 of 42 (7.2%, GZ-R6, GZ-R7 and GZ-R8) patients with severe pneumonia tested positive for CVB4 infection in southern China. Three full-length genomes of pneumonia-derived CVB4 were sequenced and annotated for the first time, showing their high nucleotide similarity and clustering within genotype V. To analyze the pathogenic damage caused by CVB4 in the lungs, a well-differentiated human airway epithelium (HAE) was established and infected with the pneumonia-derived CVB4 isolate GZ-R6. The outcome was compared with that of a severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD)-derived CVB4 strain GZ-HFM01. Compared with HFMD-derived CVB4, pneumonia-derived CVB4 caused more intense and rapid disruption of HAE polarity, leading to tight-junction barrier disruption, loss of cilia, and airway epithelial cell hypertrophy. More pneumonia-derived CVB4 were released from the basolateral side of the HAE than HFMD-derived CVB4. Of the 18 cytokines tested, only IL-6 and IL-1b secretion significantly increased on bilateral sides of HAE during the early stage of pneumonia-derived CVB4 infection, while multiple cytokine secretions significantly increased in HFMD-derived CVB4-infected HAE. HFMD-derived CVB4 exhibited stronger neurovirulence in the human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y than pneumonia-derived CVB4, which is consistent with the clinical manifestations of patients infected with these two viruses. This study has increased the depth of our knowledge of severe pneumonia infection caused by CVB4 and will benefit its prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Duo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dehui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengshi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Scientific Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenkuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Bumroongthai K, Kavanagh DPJ, Genever P, Kalia N. Improving vasculoprotective effects of MSCs in coronary microvessels - benefits of 3D culture, sub-populations and heparin. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1257497. [PMID: 37954606 PMCID: PMC10635425 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Opening occluded coronary arteries in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) damages the delicate coronary microvessels through a process called myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the potential to limit this injury, clinical success remains limited. This may be due to (i) poor MSC homing to the heart (ii) infused MSCs, even if derived from the same site, being a heterogeneous population with varying therapeutic efficacy and (iii) conventional 2D culture of MSCs decreasing their homing and beneficial properties. This study investigated whether 3D culture of two distinctly different bone marrow (BM)-derived MSC sub-populations could improve their homing and coronary vasculoprotective efficacy. Methods Intravital imaging of the anaesthetised mouse beating heart was used to investigate the trafficking and microvascular protective effects of two clonally-derived BM-derived MSC lines, namely CD317neg MSCs-Y201 and CD317pos MSCs-Y202, cultured using conventional monolayer and 3D hanging drop methods. Results 3D culture consistently improved the adhesive behaviour of MSCs-Y201 to various substrates in vitro. However, it was their differential ability to reduce neutrophil events within the coronary capillaries and improve ventricular perfusion in vivo that was most remarkable. Moreover, dual therapy combined with heparin further improved the vasculoprotection afforded by 3D cultured MSCs-Y201 by also modifying platelet as well as neutrophil recruitment, which subsequently led to the greatest salvage of viable myocardium. Therapeutic benefit could mechanistically be explained by reductions in coronary endothelial oxidative stress and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)/vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression. However, since this was noted by both 2D and 3D cultured MSCs-Y201, therapeutic benefit is likely explained by the fact that 3D cultured MSCs-Y201 were the most potent sub-population at reducing serum levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion This novel study highlights the importance of not only 3D culture, but also of a specific CD317neg MSC sub-population, as being critical to realising their full coronary vasculoprotective potential in the injured heart. Since the smallest coronary blood vessels are increasingly recognised as a primary target of reperfusion injury, therapeutic interventions must be able to protect these delicate structures from inflammatory cells and maintain perfusion in the heart. We propose that relatively feasible technical modifications in a specific BM-derived MSC sub-population could achieve this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobkaew Bumroongthai
- Microcirculation Research Group, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dean P. J. Kavanagh
- Microcirculation Research Group, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Neena Kalia
- Microcirculation Research Group, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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New vegetable-waste biomaterials by Lupin albus L. as cellular scaffolds for applications in biomedicine and food. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121984. [PMID: 36580717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The reprocessing of vegetal-waste represents a new research field in order to design novel biomaterials for potential biomedical applications and in food industry. Here we obtained a biomaterial from Lupinus albus L. hull (LH) that was characterized micro-structurally by scanning electron microscopy and for its antimicrobial and scaffolding properties. A good adhesion and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) seeded on LH scaffold were observed. Thanks to its high content of cellulose and beneficial phytochemical substances, LH and its derivatives can represent an available source for fabrication of biocompatible and bioactive scaffolds. Therefore, a reprocessing protocol of LH was optimized for producing a new LH bioplastic named BPLH. This new biomaterial was characterized by chemico-physical analyses. The water uptake, degradability and antimicrobial properties of BPLH were evaluated, as well as the mechanical properties. A good adhesion and proliferation of both fibroblasts and hMSCs on BPLH were observed over 2 weeks, and immunofluorescence analysis of hMSCs after 3 weeks indicates an initial commitment toward muscle differentiation. Our work represents a new approach toward the recovery and valorization of the vegetal waste showing the remarkable properties of LH and BPLH as cellular waste-based scaffold with potential applications in cell-based food field as well as in medicine for topical patches in wound healing and bedsores treatment.
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Tevlek A, Kecili S, Ozcelik OS, Kulah H, Tekin HC. Spheroid Engineering in Microfluidic Devices. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3630-3649. [PMID: 36743071 PMCID: PMC9893254 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture techniques are commonly employed to investigate biophysical and biochemical cellular responses. However, these culture methods, having monolayer cells, lack cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, mimicking the cell microenvironment and multicellular organization. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods enable equal transportation of nutrients, gas, and growth factors among cells and their microenvironment. Therefore, 3D cultures show similar cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation properties to in vivo. A spheroid is defined as self-assembled 3D cell aggregates, and it closely mimics a cell microenvironment in vitro thanks to cell-cell/matrix interactions, which enables its use in several important applications in medical and clinical research. To fabricate a spheroid, conventional methods such as liquid overlay, hanging drop, and so forth are available. However, these labor-intensive methods result in low-throughput fabrication and uncontrollable spheroid sizes. On the other hand, microfluidic methods enable inexpensive and rapid fabrication of spheroids with high precision. Furthermore, fabricated spheroids can also be cultured in microfluidic devices for controllable cell perfusion, simulation of fluid shear effects, and mimicking of the microenvironment-like in vivo conditions. This review focuses on recent microfluidic spheroid fabrication techniques and also organ-on-a-chip applications of spheroids, which are used in different disease modeling and drug development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atakan Tevlek
- METU
MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Seren Kecili
- The
Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Ozge S. Ozcelik
- The
Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Haluk Kulah
- METU
MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- The
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - H. Cumhur Tekin
- METU
MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- The
Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
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5
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Organoid Technologies for SARS-CoV-2 Research. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2022; 8:151-163. [PMID: 36313938 PMCID: PMC9589566 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-022-00220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Organoids are an emerging technology utilizing three-dimensional (3D), multi-cellular in vitro models to represent the function and physiological responses of tissues and organs. By using physiologically relevant models, more accurate tissue responses to viral infection can be observed, and effective treatments and preventive strategies can be identified. Animals and two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models occasionally result in inaccurate disease modeling outcomes. Organoids have been developed to better represent human organ and tissue systems, and accurately model tissue function and disease responses. By using organoids to study SARS-Cov-2 infection, researchers have now evaluated the viral effects on different organs and evaluate efficacy of potential treatments. The purpose of this review is to highlight organoid technologies and their ability to model SARS-Cov-2 infection and tissue responses. Recent Findings Lung, cardiac, kidney, and small intestine organoids have been examined as potential models of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lung organoid research has highlighted that SARS-CoV-2 shows preferential infection of club cells and have shown value for the rapid screening and evaluations of multiple anti-viral drugs. Kidney organoid research suggests human recombinant soluble ACE2 as a preventative measure during early-stage infection. Using small intestine organoids, fecal to oral transmission has been evaluated as a transmission route for the virus. Lastly in cardiac organoids drug evaluation studies have found that drugs such as bromodomain, external family inhibitors, BETi, and apabetalone may be effective treatments for SARs-CoV-2 cardiac injury. Summary Organoids are an effective tool to study the effects of viral infections and for drug screening and evaluation studies. By using organoids, more accurate disease modeling can be performed, and physiological effects of infection and treatment can be better understood.
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Kumar A, Sood A, Han SS. Technological and structural aspects of scaffold manufacturing for cultured meat: recent advances, challenges, and opportunities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:585-612. [PMID: 36239416 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2132206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cultured meat is an emerging area of research focus with an innovative approach through tissue engineering (i.e., cellular engineering) to meet the global food demand. The manufacturing of lab-cultivated meat is an innovative business that alleviates life-threatening environmental issues concerning public health and animal well-being on the global platform. There has been a noteworthy advancement in cultivating artificial meat, but still, there are numerous challenges that impede the swift headway of lab-grown meat production at a commercially large scale. In this review, we focus on the manufacturing of edible scaffolds for cultured meat production. In brief, first an introduction to cultivating artificial meat and its current scenario in the market is provided. Further, a discussion on the understanding of composition, cellular, and molecular communications in muscle tissue is presented, which are vital to scaling up the production of lab-grown meat. In continuation, the major components (e.g., cells, biomaterial scaffolds, and their manufacturing technologies, media, and potential bioreactors) for cultured meat production are conferred followed by a comprehensive discussion on the most recent advances in lab-cultured meat. Finally, existing challenges and opportunities including future research perspectives for scaling-up cultured meat production are discussed with conclusive interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ankur Sood
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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Xiao RR, Jin L, Xie N, Luo P, Gao W, Tu P, Ai X. Establishment and large-scale validation of a three-dimensional tumor model on an array chip for anticancer drug evaluation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1032975. [PMID: 36313330 PMCID: PMC9596801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) tumor model has always poorly predicted drug response of animal model due to the lack of recapitulation of tumor microenvironment. Establishing a biomimetic, controllable, and cost-effective three-dimensional (3D) model and large-scale validation of its in vivo predictivity has shown promise in bridging the gap between the 2D tumor model and animal model. Here, we established a matrigel-based 3D micro-tumor model on an array chip for large-scale anticancer drug evaluation. Compared with the 2D tumor model, the 3D tumor model on the chip showed spheroid morphology, slower proliferation kinetics, and comparable reproducibility. Next, the results of the chemotherapeutic evaluation from 18 drugs against 27 cancer cell lines showed 17.6% of drug resistance on the 3D tumor model. Moreover, the evaluation results of targeted drugs showed expected sensitivity and higher specificity on the 3D tumor model compared with the 2D model. Finally, the evaluation results on the 3D tumor model were more consistent with the in vivo cell-derived xenograft model, and excluded 95% false-positive results from the 2D model. Overall, the matrigel-based 3D micro-tumor model on the array chip provides a promising tool to accelerate anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Xiao
- R&D Department, Beijing Daxiang Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Oncology and Immunology Unit, WuXi Biology, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Oncology and Immunology Unit, WuXi Biology, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Piaopiao Luo
- R&D Department, Beijing Daxiang Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Oncology and Immunology Unit, WuXi Biology, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoni Ai,
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Yu L, Xu Y, Pu Z, Kang H, Li M, Sessler JL, Kim JS. Photocatalytic Superoxide Radical Generator that Induces Pyroptosis in Cancer Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11326-11337. [PMID: 35708298 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a newly characterized form of immunogenic cell death, is attracting increasing attention as a promising approach to cancer immunotherapy. However, biocompatible strategies to activate pyroptosis remain rare. Here, we show that a photocatalytic superoxide radical (O2-•) generator, NI-TA, triggers pyroptosis in cancer cells. NI-TA was designed to take advantage of an intramolecular triplet-ground state splitting energy modulation approach. Detailed studies revealed that the pyroptosis triggered by NI-TA under conditions of photoexcitation proceeds through a caspase-3/gasdermin E (GSDME) pathway rather than via canonical processes involving caspase-1/gasdermin-D (GSDMD). NI-TA was found to function via a partial-O2-recycling mode of action and to trigger cell pyroptosis and provide for effective cancer cell ablation even under conditions of hypoxia (≤2% O2). In the case of T47D 3D multicellular spheroids, good antitumor efficiency and stemness inhibition are achieved. This work highlights how photocatalytic chemistry may be leveraged to develop effective pyroptosis-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Zhongji Pu
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Mingle Li
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Luo SC, Zheng X, Kankala RK, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Advances in Engineered Three-Dimensional (3D) Body Articulation Unit Models. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:213-235. [PMID: 35087267 PMCID: PMC8789231 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s344036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Indeed, the body articulation units, commonly referred to as body joints, play significant roles in the musculoskeletal system, enabling body flexibility. Nevertheless, these articulation units suffer from several pathological conditions, such as osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis, gout, and psoriatic arthritis. There exist several treatment modalities based on the utilization of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, which can reduce or control the pathophysiological symptoms. Despite the success, these treatment modalities suffer from major shortcomings of enormous cost and poor recovery, limiting their applicability and requiring promising strategies. To address these limitations, several engineering strategies have been emerged as promising solutions in fabricating the body articulation as unit models towards local articulation repair for tissue regeneration and high-throughput screening for drug development. In this article, we present challenges related to the selection of biomaterials (natural and synthetic sources), construction of 3D articulation models (scaffold-free, scaffold-based, and organ-on-a-chip), architectural designs (microfluidics, bioprinting, electrospinning, and biomineralization), and the type of culture conditions (growth factors and active peptides). Then, we emphasize the applicability of these articulation units for emerging biomedical applications of drug screening and tissue repair/regeneration. In conclusion, we put forward the challenges and difficulties for the further clinical application of the in vitro 3D articulation unit models in terms of the long-term high activity of the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, 523059, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Chang Luo
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
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Valente S, Ciavarella C, Hernández-Aguilera A, Salvador FA, Buzzi M, Joven J, Pasquinelli G. Phenotypic, morphological, and metabolic characterization of vascular-spheres from human vascular mesenchymal stem cells. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:447-459. [PMID: 34448515 PMCID: PMC9290655 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to form spheroids under non‐adherent conditions is a well‐known property of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), in addition to stemness and multilineage differentiation features. In the present study, we tested the ability of hMSCs isolated from the vascular wall (hVW‐MSCs) to grow as spheres, and provide a characterization of this 3D model. hVW‐MSCs were isolated from femoral arteries through enzymatic digestion. Spheres were obtained using ultra‐low attachment and hanging drop methods. Immunophenotype and pluripotent genes (SOX‐2, OCT‐4, NANOG) were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and real‐time PCR, respectively. Spheres histological and ultrastructural architecture were examined. Cell viability and proliferative capacity were measured using LIVE/DEATH assay and ki‐67 proliferation marker. Metabolomic profile was obtained with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. In 2D, hVW‐MSCs were spindle‐shaped, expressed mesenchymal antigens, and displayed mesengenic potential. 3D cultures of hVW‐MSCs were CD44+, CD105low, CD90low, exhibited a low propensity to enter the cell cycle as indicated by low percentage of ki‐67 expression and accumulated intermediate metabolites pointing to slowed metabolism. The 3D model of hVW‐MSCs exhibits stemness, dormancy and slow metabolism, typically observed in stem cell niches. This culture strategy can represent an accurate model to investigate hMSCs features for future clinical applications in the vascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Valente
- DIMES - Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Ciavarella
- DIMES - Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fernández-Arroyo Salvador
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marina Buzzi
- Emilia Romagna Cord Blood Bank - Transfusion Service, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- DIMES - Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Subcellular Nephro-Vascular Diagnostic Program, Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Kang SY, Joshi P, Lee MY. High-Throughput Screening of Compound Neurotoxicity Using 3D-Cultured Neural Stem Cells on a 384-Pillar Plate. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e107. [PMID: 33887124 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Assessing the neurotoxicity of test chemicals has typically been performed using two-dimensionally (2D)-cultured neuronal cell monolayers and animal models. The in vitro 2D cell models are simple and straightforward compared to animal models, which have the disadvantage of being relatively low throughput, expensive, and time consuming. Despite their extensive use in this area of neurotoxicology research, both models often do not accurately recapitulate human outcomes. To bridge this gap and attempt to better replicate what happens in vivo, three-dimensionally (3D) cultured neural stem cells (NSCs) encapsulated in hydrogels on a 384-pillar plate have been developed via miniature 3D bioprinting. This technology allows users to print NSCs on a pillar plate for rapid 3D cell culture as well as high-throughput compound screening. For this, the 384-pillar plate with bioprinted NSCs is sandwiched with a standard 384-well plate with growth medium for 3D culture, allowing researchers to expose the cells to test compounds and stain them with various fluorescent dyes for a suite of high-content imaging assays, including assays for DNA damage, mitochondrial impairment, cell membrane integrity, intracellular glutathione levels, and apoptosis. After acquiring cell images from an automated fluorescence microscope and extracting fluorescence intensities, researchers can obtain the IC50 value of each compound to evaluate critical parameters in neurotoxicity. Here, we provide a detailed description of protocols for cell printing on a 384-pillar plate, 3D NSC culture, compound testing, 3D cell staining, and image acquisition and analysis, which altogether will allow researchers to investigate mechanisms of compound neurotoxicity with 3D-cultured NSCs in a high-throughput manner. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Three-dimensional neural stem cell culture on a 384-pillar plate Basic Protocol 2: Compound treatment and cell staining Basic Protocol 3: Image acquisition, processing, and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yeon Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Pranav Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Moo-Yeal Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
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12
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Hu XB, Qin Y, Fan WT, Liu YL, Huang WH. A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Biosensor Integrated with Hydrogel Enables Real-Time Monitoring of Cells under Their In Vivo-like Microenvironment. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7917-7924. [PMID: 34019392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture can better reproduce the in vivo cell environment and has been extensively used in fields such as tissue engineering, drug screening, and pathological research. Despite the tremendous advancement of 3D cultures, an analysis technique that could collect real-time information of the biological processes therein is sorely lacking. Electrochemical sensing with fast response and high sensitivity has played a vital role in real-time monitoring of living cells, but most current sensors are based on planar electrodes and fail to perfectly match the 3D cell culture matrix. Herein, we developed a robust 3D electrochemical sensor based on functionalized graphene foam (GF), which could be integrated with hydrogels for the 3D culture and in situ monitoring of cells for the first time. Specifically, platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) electrodeposited on GF (GF/Pt NPs) conferred the prominent electrochemical sensing performance, and the anti-fouling coating of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) endowed the GF/Pt NPs electrode with greatly improved stability. As a proof of concept, collagen hydrogel with microglia seeded in was filled into the interspace of the 3D GF/Pt NPs/PEDOT sensor to establish an integrated platform, which allowed the successful real-time monitoring of reactive oxygen species released from microglia in the collagen matrix. Given the versatility, our proposed biosensor in conjunction with various 3D culture models will serve as an excellent tool to provide biochemical information of cells under their in vivo-like microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bo Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yu Qin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wen-Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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13
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Belfiore L, Aghaei B, Law AMK, Dobrowolski JC, Raftery LJ, Tjandra AD, Yee C, Piloni A, Volkerling A, Ferris CJ, Engel M. Generation and analysis of 3D cell culture models for drug discovery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 163:105876. [PMID: 33989755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful preclinical drug testing relies in part on data generated using in vitro cell culture models that recapitulate the structure and function of tumours and other tissues in vivo. The growing evidence that 3D cell models can more accurately predict the efficacy of drug responses compared to traditionally utilised 2D cell culture systems has led to continuous scientific and technological advances that enable better physiologically representative in vitro modelling of in vivo tissues. This review will provide an overview of the utility of current 3D cell models from a drug screening perspective and explore the future of 3D cell models for drug discovery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Belfiore
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia.
| | - Behnaz Aghaei
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew M K Law
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia
| | | | - Lyndon J Raftery
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia
| | - Angie D Tjandra
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia
| | - Christine Yee
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia; Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Alberto Piloni
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia
| | | | - Cameron J Ferris
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia
| | - Martin Engel
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, 2015, Australia
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14
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Dmitriev RI, Intes X, Barroso MM. Luminescence lifetime imaging of three-dimensional biological objects. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:1-17. [PMID: 33961054 PMCID: PMC8126452 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major focus of current biological studies is to fill the knowledge gaps between cell, tissue and organism scales. To this end, a wide array of contemporary optical analytical tools enable multiparameter quantitative imaging of live and fixed cells, three-dimensional (3D) systems, tissues, organs and organisms in the context of their complex spatiotemporal biological and molecular features. In particular, the modalities of luminescence lifetime imaging, comprising fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) and phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM), in synergy with Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays, provide a wealth of information. On the application side, the luminescence lifetime of endogenous molecules inside cells and tissues, overexpressed fluorescent protein fusion biosensor constructs or probes delivered externally provide molecular insights at multiple scales into protein-protein interaction networks, cellular metabolism, dynamics of molecular oxygen and hypoxia, physiologically important ions, and other physical and physiological parameters. Luminescence lifetime imaging offers a unique window into the physiological and structural environment of cells and tissues, enabling a new level of functional and molecular analysis in addition to providing 3D spatially resolved and longitudinal measurements that can range from microscopic to macroscopic scale. We provide an overview of luminescence lifetime imaging and summarize key biological applications from cells and tissues to organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan I. Dmitriev
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of
Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Ghent University, Ghent 9000,
Belgium
| | - Xavier Intes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Modeling, Simulation and Imaging for Medicine (CeMSIM),
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
12180-3590, USA
| | - Margarida M. Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular
Physiology, Albany Medical College,
Albany, NY 12208, USA
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15
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Calixto GMF, Victorelli FD, Franz-Montan M, Baltazar F, Chorilli M. Innovative Mucoadhesive Precursor of Liquid Crystalline System Loading Anti-Gellatinolytic Peptide for Topical Treatment of Oral Cancer. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:253-262. [PMID: 33785096 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Current researches report an actual benefit of a treatment for oral cancer via inhibition of proteolytic matrix metallopro-teinases (MPP) with a peptide drug, called CTT1. However, peptides present poor oral bioavailability. Topical administration on oral mucosa avoids its passage through the gastrointestinal tract and the first-pass liver metabolism, but the barrier function of the oral mucosa can impair the permeation and retention of CTT1. The objective of this study is to incorporate CTT1 into a mucoadhesive precursor of liquid crystalline system (PLCS) as an interesting strategy for the topical treatment of oral cancer. PLCS consisting of oleic acid, ethoxylated 20 and propoxylated cetyl alcohol 5, polyethyleneimine (P)-associated chitosan (C) dispersion and CTT1 (FPC-CTT1) was developed and characterized by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In vitro permeation and retention across esophageal mucosa, In vitro cytotoxicity towards tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, and in vivo evaluation of vascular changes using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model were performed. PLM and SAXS showed that FPC-CTT1acted as PLCS, because it formed a lamellar liquid crystalline system after the addition of artificial saliva. FPC-CTT1increased approximately 2-fold the flux of permeation and 3-fold the retention of CTT1 on the porcine esophageal mucosa. CTT1 does not affect cell viability. CAM tests showed that FPC preserved the blood vessels and it can be a safe formulation. These findings encourage the use of the FPC-CTT1 for topical treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Damiani Victorelli
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- UNICAMP, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, 14800-903, Brazil
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16
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Ko R, Hayashi M, Tanaka M, Okuda T, Nishita-Hara C, Ozaki H, Uchio E. Effects of ambient particulate matter on a reconstructed human corneal epithelium model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3417. [PMID: 33564109 PMCID: PMC7873058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) on the corneal epithelium using a reconstructed human corneal epithelium (HCE) model. We collected two PM size fractions [aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.4 µm: PM0.3–2.4 and larger than 2.4 µm: PM>2.4] and exposed these tissues to PM concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 µg/mL for 24 h. After exposure, cell viability and interleukin (IL) IL-6 and IL-8 levels were determined, and haematoxylin and eosin and immunofluorescence staining of the zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were performed on tissue sections. In addition, the effects of a certified reference material of urban aerosols (UA; 100 µg/mL) were also examined as a reference. The viability of cells exposed to 100 μg/mL UA and PM>2.4 decreased to 76.2% ± 7.4 and 75.4% ± 16.1, respectively, whereas PM0.3–2.4 exposure had a limited effect on cell viability. These particles did not increase IL-6 and IL-8 levels significantly even though cell viability was decreased in 100 μg/mL UA and PM>2.4. ZO-1 expression was reduced in a dose-dependent manner in all groups. Reconstructed HCE could be used as an in vitro model to study the effects of environmental PM exposure on ocular surface cell viability and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Hayashi
- Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Miho Tanaka
- Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-30-3, Toyokawa, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0057, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishita-Hara
- Fukuoka Institute for Atmospheric Environment and Health, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ozaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Eiichi Uchio
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
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17
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Huang NC, Dai LG, Kang LY, Huang NC, Fu KY, Hsieh PS, Dai NT. Beneficial Effects of Astragaloside IV-Treated and 3-Dimensional-Cultured Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Angiogenesis and Wound Healing. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 86:S3-S12. [PMID: 33438949 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a natural herb extract and a popular compound used in traditional Chinese medicine because of its effect on multiple biological processes, such as promotion of cell proliferation, improvement in cardiopulmonary and vascular function, and promotion of angiogenesis around wounds, leading to accelerated wound healing. Vascular regeneration primarily results from the differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Biomedical acceleration of angiogenesis and differentiation of EPCs around the wound remain challenging. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we treated human umbilical cord blood-derived EPCs with AS-IV and cultured them on 2-dimensional (tissue culture polystyrene) and 3-dimensional culture plates (3DPs). These cultured cells were then combined with human blood plasma gel and applied on the skin of nude mice in an attempt to repair full-thickness skin defects. RESULTS The results show that using 3DP culture could increase vascular-related gene expression in EPCs. Furthermore, 12.5 μg/mL AS-IV-treaded EPCs were combined with plasma gels (P-3DP-EPC12.5) and showed enhanced vascular-related protein expression levels after 3 days of culture. Finally, P-3DP-EPC12.5s were used to repair full-thickness skin defects in nude mice, and we could register a wound healing rate greater than 90% by day 14. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we concluded that we have developed a potential therapeutic approach for wound healing using plasma gel containing 3-dimensional surface-cultured AS-IV-treated EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lan-Ya Kang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Chi Huang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Yen Fu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Shan Hsieh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Niann-Tzyy Dai
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Numerical Methods for the Design and Description of In Vitro Expansion Processes of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 177:185-228. [PMID: 33090237 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a valuable source of cells for clinical applications (e.g., treatment of acute myocardial infarction or inflammatory diseases), especially in the field of regenerative medicine. However, for autologous (patient-specific) and allogeneic (off-the-shelf) hMSC-based therapies, in vitro expansion is necessary prior to the clinical application in order to achieve the required cell numbers. Safe, reproducible, and economic in vitro expansion of hMSCs for autologous and allogeneic therapies can be problematic because the cell material is restricted and the cells are sensitive to environmental changes. It is beneficial to collect detailed information on the hydrodynamic conditions and cell growth behavior in a bioreactor system, in order to develop a so called "Digital Twin" of the cultivation system and expansion process. Numerical methods, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) which has become widely used in the biotech industry for studying local characteristics within bioreactors or kinetic growth modelling, provide possible solutions for such tasks.In this review, we will present the current state-of-the-art for the in vitro expansion of hMSCs. Different numerical tools, including numerical fluid flow simulations and cell growth modelling approaches for hMSCs, will be presented. In addition, a case study demonstrating the applicability of CFD and kinetic growth modelling for the development of an microcarrier-based hMSC process will be shown.
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19
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Fu SX, Zuo P, Ye BC. A Novel Wick-Like Paper-Based Microfluidic Device for 3D Cell Culture and Anti-Cancer Drugs Screening. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000126. [PMID: 33460221 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paper is increasingly recognized as a portable substrate for cell culture, due to its low-cost, flexible, and special porous property, which provides a native cellular 3D microenvironment. Therefore, paper-based microfluidics has been developed for cell culture and biomedical analysis. However, the inability of continuous medium supply limits the wide application of paper devices for cell culture. Herein, a paper-based microfluidic device is developed with novel folded paper strips as wick-like structure, which is used for medium self-driven perfusion. The paper with patterns of hydrophilic channel, culture areas, and hydrophobic barrier could be easily fabricated through wax-printing. After printing, the hydrophilic paper strip at the periphery of the lower layer is then folded at 90° and extended into the medium container for continuous automatic supply of medium to the cell culture area. Tumor cells cultured in the paper device are tested for anti-cancer drug screening. Visualized cell viability and chemical sensitivity testing can be achieved by colorimetry combined with simple smartphone imaging, effectively reducing precision instrument dependence. The wick paper-based microfluidic device for cell culture endows the method the advantages of lower cost, ease-of-operation, miniaturization, and shows a great potential for large-scale cell culture, antibody drug production, and efficient screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xia Fu
- Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Peng Zuo
- Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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20
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Cancelliere R, Zurlo F, Micheli L, Melino S. Vegetable waste scaffolds for 3D-stem cell proliferating systems and low cost biosensors. Talanta 2020; 223:121671. [PMID: 33303135 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vegetable wastes represent an inexpensive and sustainable source of valuable bioproducts for several applications. Natural micro-porous and fibrous materials can be obtained from a very cheap and abundant cellulosic bio-waste. Here we demonstrated that vegetable waste derivatives can be suitable as scaffolds for biosensors and 3D cell growth. Many studies have been addressed to fabricate biocompatible 3D scaffolds for mammalian stem cells cultures and develop novel systems able to reproduce the complexity of the in vivo microenvironment. Many of these products are proprietary, expensive or require chemical synthesis. The recycling and revaluation of vegetable derived tissues to fabricate scaffolds for analytical biosensors 3D stem cell cultures platforms may represent a very low-cost approach for toxicological and environmental analyses. In this approach, potential applications of vegetable-derived tissue for biosensing and 3D stem cell cultures were investigated. Micro-structured scaffolds from stalk of broccoli, named BrcS, were either functionalized for production of enzymatic 3D-biosensors or preconditioned to be used them as 3D-scaffolds for human mesenchymal stem cells cultures. The conditions to fabricate 3D-biosensors and scaffolds for cell growth were here optimized studying all analytical parameters and demonstrating the feasibility to combine these two properties for an innovative solution to ennoble vegetable wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Cancelliere
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Zurlo
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy; CIMER Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 0166, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Ma Z, Li N, Zhang B, Hui Y, Zhang Y, Lu P, Pi J, Liu Z. Dual drug-loaded nano-platform for targeted cancer therapy: toward clinical therapeutic efficacy of multifunctionality. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:123. [PMID: 32887626 PMCID: PMC7650261 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor targeting and penetration of chemotherapy drugs in solid tumors, and the development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents are currently hindering the therapy of breast cancer; meanwhile, breast cancer metastasis is one of the leading causes of death in breast cancer patients. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely used in tumor therapy. Results A multi-functional nano-platform containing gambogic acid (GA) and paclitaxel (PTX) was characterized by a small size, high encapsulation efficiency, slow release, long systemic circulation time in vivo, showed good targeting and penetrability to tumor tissues and tumor cells, and exhibited higher anti-tumor effect and lower systemic toxicity in BALB/c mice bearing 4T1 tumor. GA not only overcame the multidrug resistance of PTX by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in MCF-7/ADR cells, but also inhibited MDA-MB-231 cells migration and invasion, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating the lung metastasis of breast cancer caused by PTX; meanwhile, the synergistic anti-tumor effect of GA and PTX has also been verified in vitro and in vivo experiments. Conclusion Our data described the better recognition and penetration of tumor cells of R9dGR-modified versatile nanosystems containing GA and PTX, which exerted one stone three birds clinical therapeutic efficacy of multifunctionality.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - YuYu Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Peng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jiaxin Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China. .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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22
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Laranga R, Duchi S, Ibrahim T, Guerrieri AN, Donati DM, Lucarelli E. Trends in Bone Metastasis Modeling. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2315. [PMID: 32824479 PMCID: PMC7464021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common sites for cancer metastasis. Bone tissue is composed by different kinds of cells that coexist in a coordinated balance. Due to the complexity of bone, it is impossible to capture the intricate interactions between cells under either physiological or pathological conditions. Hence, a variety of in vivo and in vitro approaches have been developed. Various models of tumor-bone diseases are routinely used to provide valuable information on the relationship between metastatic cancer cells and the bone tissue. Ideally, when modeling the metastasis of human cancers to bone, models would replicate the intra-tumor heterogeneity, as well as the genetic and phenotypic changes that occur with human cancers; such models would be scalable and reproducible to allow high-throughput investigation. Despite the continuous progress, there is still a lack of solid, amenable, and affordable models that are able to fully recapitulate the biological processes happening in vivo, permitting a correct interpretation of results. In the last decades, researchers have demonstrated that three-dimensional (3D) methods could be an innovative approach that lies between bi-dimensional (2D) models and animal models. Scientific evidence supports that the tumor microenvironment can be better reproduced in a 3D system than a 2D cell culture, and the 3D systems can be scaled up for drug screening in the same way as the 2D systems thanks to the current technologies developed. However, 3D models cannot completely recapitulate the inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity found in patients. In contrast, ex vivo cultures of fragments of bone preserve key cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and allow the study of bone cells in their natural 3D environment. Moreover, ex vivo bone organ cultures could be a better model to resemble the human pathogenic metastasis condition and useful tools to predict in vivo response to therapies. The aim of our review is to provide an overview of the current trends in bone metastasis modeling. By showing the existing in vitro and ex vivo systems, we aspire to contribute to broaden the knowledge on bone metastasis models and make these tools more appealing for further translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Laranga
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.L.); (D.M.D.); (E.L.)
| | - Serena Duchi
- BioFab3D@ACMD, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia;
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Ania Naila Guerrieri
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.L.); (D.M.D.); (E.L.)
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.L.); (D.M.D.); (E.L.)
- Rizzoli Laboratory Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.L.); (D.M.D.); (E.L.)
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Kosheleva NV, Efremov YM, Shavkuta BS, Zurina IM, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Minaev NV, Gorkun AA, Wei S, Shpichka AI, Saburina IN, Timashev PS. Cell spheroid fusion: beyond liquid drops model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12614. [PMID: 32724115 PMCID: PMC7387529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological self-assembly is crucial in the processes of development, tissue regeneration, and maturation of bioprinted tissue-engineered constructions. The cell aggregates-spheroids-have become widely used model objects in the study of this phenomenon. Existing approaches describe the fusion of cell aggregates by analogy with the coalescence of liquid droplets and ignore the complex structural properties of spheroids. Here, we analyzed the fusion process in connection with structure and mechanical properties of the spheroids from human somatic cells of different phenotypes: mesenchymal stem cells from the limbal eye stroma and epithelial cells from retinal pigment epithelium. A nanoindentation protocol was applied for the mechanical measurements. We found a discrepancy with the liquid drop fusion model: the fusion was faster for spheroids from epithelial cells with lower apparent surface tension than for mesenchymal spheroids with higher surface tension. This discrepancy might be caused by biophysical processes such as extracellular matrix remodeling in the case of mesenchymal spheroids and different modes of cell migration. The obtained results will contribute to the development of more realistic models for spheroid fusion that would further provide a helpful tool for constructing cell aggregates with required properties both for fundamental studies and tissue reparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastasia V Kosheleva
- FSBSI "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", 8, Baltiyskaya st., Moscow, 125315, Russia.
- FSBEI FPE "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, 2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993, Russia.
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 12-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | - Yuri M Efremov
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boris S Shavkuta
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, 2, Pionerskaya st., Troitsk, Moscow, 142190, Russia
| | - Irina M Zurina
- FSBSI "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", 8, Baltiyskaya st., Moscow, 125315, Russia
- FSBEI FPE "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, 2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Deying Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest University Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Nikita V Minaev
- Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, 2, Pionerskaya st., Troitsk, Moscow, 142190, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A Gorkun
- FSBSI "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", 8, Baltiyskaya st., Moscow, 125315, Russia
- FSBEI FPE "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, 2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Shicheng Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Anastasia I Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Irina N Saburina
- FSBSI "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology", 8, Baltiyskaya st., Moscow, 125315, Russia
- FSBEI FPE "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, 2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993, Russia
| | - Peter S Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, 2, Pionerskaya st., Troitsk, Moscow, 142190, Russia
- Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, 4, Kosygin st., Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1‑3, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Fiorentzis M, Katopodis P, Kalirai H, Seitz B, Viestenz A, Coupland SE. Image Analysis of 3D Conjunctival Melanoma Cell Cultures Following Electrochemotherapy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8060158. [PMID: 32545782 PMCID: PMC7344416 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8060158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures represent small avascular tumors in vitro and simulate some of the biological characteristics of solid tumors, enhancing the evaluation of anticancer drug efficacy. Automated image analysis can be used for the assessment of tumor growth and documentation of changes in the size parameters of 3D tumor spheroids following anticancer treatments such as electrochemotherapy. The objective of this article is to assess the effect of various electroporation (EP) conditions (500-750 Volts/cm, 8-20 pulses, 100 µs pulse duration, 5 Hz repetition rate) combined with different bleomycin concentrations (1-2.5 ug/mL) on normal epithelial (HCjE-Gi) and conjunctival melanoma (CRMM1, CRMM2) 3D-cell cultures, through an automated image analysis and a comparison with standard histological assays. A reduction in tumor mass with loss of cell definition was observed after ECT (750 Volts/cm with eight pulses and 500 Volts/cm with 20 pulses) with bleomycin (1 μg/mL and 2.5 μg/mL) in the histological and immunohistochemical analyses of 3D CRMM1 and CRMM2 spheroids, whereas an increase in volume and a decrease in sphericity was documented in the automated image analysis and 3D visualization of both melanoma cell lines. For all other treatment conditions and for the HCjE-Gi cell line, no significant changes to their morphological features were observed. Image analysis with integrated software tools provides an accessible and comprehensive platform for the preliminary selection of homogenous spheroids and for the monitoring of drug efficacy, implementing the traditional screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miltiadis Fiorentzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-2900
| | - Periklis Katopodis
- Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London UB8 3PH, UK;
| | - Helen Kalirai
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (H.K.); (S.E.C.)
- Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66424 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Arne Viestenz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany;
| | - Sarah E. Coupland
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (H.K.); (S.E.C.)
- Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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25
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Moraes GDS, Wink MR, Klamt F, Silva AO, da Cruz Fernandes M. Simplified low-cost methodology to establish, histologically process and analyze three-dimensional cancer cell spheroid arrays. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151095. [PMID: 32646644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Differently of two-dimensional cell culture, three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroid model allows cells to establish cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions over the entire cell surface, more closely mimicking tumor microenvironments and cellular subpopulations with specific standards of morphology, differentiation and gene expression. Thenceforth several methodologies involving or the 3D cell aggregates generation or its histological processing and analysis have emerged, but in general they are laborious, expensive and complex to set up as a routine technique. Thus, we developed a complete methodology, detailing a simple, accessible and low-cost step by step, including 1) the 3D cell aggregate generation using hanging drop technique; 2) providing a simple way to assess morphological parameters of generated spheroids; followed by 3) a multiple and organized histological processing, keeping several individual spheroids inside an agarose apparatus, maintaining a known order and position of each ones, similar to tissue microarray principle; 4) until the last step, where it is allowed a simultaneous histological composition analysis of several spheroid slices, organized side by side, in a same block section, through conventional stainings or 5) immunostaining against different molecular markers. Therefore, the present methodology aims to popularize 3D cell culture, allowing to make this a regular technique in basic cell biology research, once all steps are performed without using onerous reagents, materials or equipment. In addition to bring the agarose apparatus as a simple low cost novelty, allowing high-throughput analysis of several spheroids simultaneously in an organized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle de Souza Moraes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Klamt
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Andrew Oliveira Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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26
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Wang H, Agarwal P, Jiang B, Stewart S, Liu X, Liang Y, Hancioglu B, Webb A, Fisher JP, Liu Z, Lu X, Tkaczuk KHR, He X. Bioinspired One Cell Culture Isolates Highly Tumorigenic and Metastatic Cancer Stem Cells Capable of Multilineage Differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000259. [PMID: 32537420 PMCID: PMC7284220 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare cancer cells that are postulated to be responsible for cancer relapse and metastasis. However, CSCs are difficult to isolate and poorly understood. Here, a bioinspired approach for label-free isolation and culture of CSCs, by microencapsulating one cancer cell in the nanoliter-scale hydrogel core of each prehatching embryo-like core-shell microcapsule, is reported. Only a small percentage of the individually microencapsulated cancer cells can proliferate into a cell colony. Gene and protein expression analyses indicate high stemness of the cells in the colonies. Importantly, the colony cells are capable of cross-tissue multilineage (e.g., endothelial, cardiac, neural, and osteogenic) differentiation, which is not observed for "CSCs" isolated using other contemporary approaches. Further studies demonstrate the colony cells are highly tumorigenic, metastatic, and drug resistant. These data show the colony cells obtained with the bioinspired one-cell-culture approach are truly CSCs. Significantly, multiple pathways are identified to upregulate in the CSCs and enrichment of genes related to the pathways is correlated with significantly decreased survival of breast cancer patients. Collectively, this study may provide a valuable method for isolating and culturing CSCs, to facilitate the understanding of cancer biology and etiology and the development of effective CSC-targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Pranay Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Bin Jiang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Samantha Stewart
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineCenter for Precision MedicineUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineColumbiaMO65212USA
| | - Yutong Liang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Baris Hancioglu
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Amy Webb
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - John P. Fisher
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineCenter for Precision MedicineUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineColumbiaMO65212USA
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA
| | - Katherine H. R. Tkaczuk
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA
- Robert E. Fischell, Institute for Biomedical DevicesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
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27
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Modeling the Efficacy of Oncolytic Adenoviruses In Vitro and In Vivo: Current and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030619. [PMID: 32155969 PMCID: PMC7139921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAd) selectively target and lyse tumor cells and enhance anti- tumor immune responses. OAds have been used as promising cancer gene therapies for many years and there are a multitude of encouraging pre-clinical studies. However, translating OAd therapies to the clinic has had limited success, in part due to the lack of realistic pre-clinical models to rigorously test the efficacy of OAds. Solid tumors have a heterogenous and hostile microenvironment that provides many barriers to OAd treatment, including structural and immunosuppressive components that cannot be modeled in two-dimensional tissue culture. To replicate these characteristics and bridge the gap between pre-clinical and clinical success, studies must test OAd therapy in three-dimensional culture and animal models. This review focuses on current methods to test OAd efficacy in vitro and in vivo and the development of new model systems to test both oncolysis and immune stimulatory components of oncolytic adenovirotherapy.
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Enderami SE, Ahmadi SF, Mansour RN, Abediankenari S, Ranjbaran H, Mossahebi-Mohammadi M, Salarinia R, Mahboudi H. Electrospun silk nanofibers improve differentiation potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells to insulin producing cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 108:110398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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High-content imaging of 3D-cultured neural stem cells on a 384-pillar plate for the assessment of cytotoxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104765. [PMID: 31923580 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of neurotoxicity has been performed traditionally with animals. However, in vivo studies are highly expensive and time-consuming, and often do not correlate to human outcomes. Thus, there is a need for cost-effective, high-throughput, highly predictive alternative in vitro test methods based on early markers of mechanisms of toxicity. High-content imaging (HCI) assays performed on three-dimensionally (3D) cultured cells could provide better understanding of the mechanism of toxicity needed to predict neurotoxicity in humans. However, current 3D cell culture systems lack the throughput required for screening neurotoxicity against a large number of chemicals. Therefore, we have developed miniature 3D neural stem cell (NSC) culture on a unique 384-pillar plate, which is complementary to conventional 384-well plates. Mitochondrial membrane impairment, intracellular glutathione level, cell membrane integrity, DNA damage, and apoptosis have been tested against 3D-cultured ReNcell VM on the 384-pillar plate with four model compounds rotenone, 4-aminopyridine, digoxin, and topotecan. The HCI assays performed in 3D-cultured ReNcell VM on the 384-pillar plates were highly robust and reproducible as indicated by the average Z' factor of 0.6 and CV values around 12%. From concentration-response curves and IC50 values, mitochondrial membrane impairment appears to be the early stage marker of cell death by the compounds.
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Gels for Live Analysis of Compartmentalized Environments (GLAnCE): A tissue model to probe tumour phenotypes at tumour-stroma interfaces. Biomaterials 2020; 228:119572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Expansion processes for cell-based therapies. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107455. [PMID: 31629791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Living cells are emerging as therapeutic entities for the treatment of patients affected with severe and chronic diseases where no conventional drug can provide a definitive cure. At the same time, the promise of cell-based therapies comes with several biological, regulatory, economic, logistical, safety and engineering challenges that need to be addressed before translating into clinical practice. Among the complex operations required for their manufacturing, cell expansion occupies a significant part of the entire process and largely determines the number, the phenotype and several other critical quality attributes of the final cell therapy products (CTPs). This review aims at characterizing the main culture systems and expansion processes used for CTP production, highlighting the need to implement scalable, cost-efficient technologies together with process optimization strategies to bridge the gap between basic scientific research and commercially available therapies.
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Constructing Three-Dimensional Microenvironments Using Engineered Biomaterials for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Expansion. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 25:312-329. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Nakao M, Imashiro C, Kuribara T, Kurashina Y, Totani K, Takemura K. Formation of Large Scaffold-Free 3-D Aggregates in a Cell Culture Dish by Ultrasound Standing Wave Trapping. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:1306-1315. [PMID: 30799124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular aggregates that mimic cell-cell interactions in vitro are essential for biological research. This study introduces a method to form large scaffold-free 3-D aggregates in a clinically ubiquitous cell culture dish using kilohertz-order ultrasound standing wave trapping (USWT). We fabricated an aggregate formation system in which a 60-mm dish was set above a Langevin transducer via water. The transducer was excited at 110.8 kHz, and then C2C12 myoblasts were injected into the dish and trapped at the node position of the standing wave. The diameter and thickness of the formed aggregate were 8 and 2.7 mm, respectively, which are larger than those of aggregates formed previously by USWT. Moreover, we confirmed that >94% of cells constituting the aggregates survived 9 h, and the protein expression of cells was not altered significantly. This method can be applied to form aggregates with high functionality, which contributes to the development of biological research methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nakao
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taiki Kuribara
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan 226-8503; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Cox MC, Deng C, Naler LB, Lu C, Verbridge SS. Effects of culture condition on epigenomic profiles of brain tumor cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1544-1552. [PMID: 31799379 PMCID: PMC6886720 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Personalized cancer medicine offers the promise of more effective treatments that are tailored to an individual's own dynamic cancer phenotype. Meanwhile, tissue-engineering approaches to modeling tumors may complement these advances by providing a powerful new approach to understanding the adaptation dynamics occurring during treatment. However, in both of these areas new tools will be required to gain a full picture of the genetic and epigenetic regulators of phenotype dynamics occurring in the small populations of cells that drive resistance. In this study, we perform epigenomic analysis of brain tumor cells that are collected from micro-engineered three-dimensional tumor models, overcoming the challenges associated with the small numbers of cells contained within these micro-tissue niches, in this case collecting ~1,000 cells per sample. Specifically, we use a high-resolution epigenomic analysis method known as microfluidic-oscillatory-washing-based chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing (MOWChIP-seq) to analyze histone methylation patterns (H3K4me3). We identified gene loci that are associated with the H3K4me3 modification, which is generally a mark of active transcription. We compared methylation patterns in standard 2D cultures and 3D cultures based on type I collagen hydrogels, under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We found that culture dimensionality drastically impacted the H3k4me3 profile and resulted in differential modifications in response to hypoxic stress. Differentially H3K4me3-marked regions under the culture conditions used in this study have important implications for gene expression differences that have been previously observed. In total, our work illustrates a direct connection between cell culture or tissue niche condition and genome-wide alterations in histone modifications, providing the first steps towards analyzing the spatiotemporal variations in epigenetic regulation of cancer cell phenotypes. This study, to our knowledge, also represents the first time broad-spectrum epigenomic analysis has been applied to small cell samples collected from engineered micro-tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. Cox
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University
| | - Chengyu Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Lynette B. Naler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Scott S. Verbridge
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University
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Pallante P, Pisapia P, Bellevicine C, Malapelle U, Troncone G. Circulating Tumour Cells in Predictive Molecular Pathology: Focus on Drug-Sensitive Assays and 3D Culture. Acta Cytol 2019; 63:171-181. [PMID: 30759433 DOI: 10.1159/000496213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Molecular cytopathology is a rapidly evolving field of cytopathology that provides biological information about the response to personalised therapy and about the prognosis of neoplasms diagnosed on cytological samples. Biomarkers such as circulating tumour cells and circulating tumour DNA are increasingly being evaluated in blood and in other body fluids. Such liquid biopsies are non-invasive, repeatable, and feasible also in patients with severe comorbidities. However, liquid biopsy may be challenging due to a low concentration of biomarkers. In such cases, biomarkers can be detected with highly sensitive molecular techniques, which in turn should be validated and integrated in a complex algorithm that includes tissue-based molecular assessments. The aim of this review is to provide the cytopathologist with practical information that is relevant to daily practice, particularly regarding the emerging role of circulating tumour cells in the field of predictive molecular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierlorenzo Pallante
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS) "G. Salvatore," National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pisapia
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Bellevicine
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,
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Ruiz MC, Resasco A, Di Virgilio AL, Ayala M, Cavaco I, Cabrera S, Aleman J, León IE. In vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of two quinoline-platinum(II) complexes on human osteosarcoma models. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 83:681-692. [PMID: 30661096 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs, mainly cisplatin, are used for the treatment of several solid tumors such as OS. However, cisplatin treatment often results in the development of chemoresistance, leading therapeutic failure. We have previously reported that platinum complexes containing 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands have good antitumor activity against different cancer cell lines and with a different and better cytotoxic profile than cisplatin. Here, the anticancer properties of two different quinoline-platinum complexes [Pt(Cl)2(quinoline)(dmso)] (1) [PtCl(8-O-quinoline)(dmso)] (2) on in vitro (2D and 3D) and in vivo models (xenograft tumor of human osteosarcoma in mice) are presented. In this order, [PtCl(8-O-quinoline)(dmso)] (2) impaired cell viability to have a more pronounced antitumor effect than cisplatin on MG-63 osteosarcoma cells (IC50 4 µM vs. 39 µM). Besides, [PtCl(8-O-quinoline)(dmso)] (2) increased ROS production in a dose-manner response and this compound induced early and late apoptotic fractions of human osteosarcoma cells. Finally, [PtCl(8-O-quinoline)(dmso)] (2) decreased the cell viability of multicellular spheroids and reduced the tumor volume on athymic nude mice N:NIH(S) Fox1nu without inducing side effects. In this way, [PtCl(8-O-quinoline)(dmso)] (2) did not alter the normal cytoarchitecture of liver and kidney and the blood biomarkers (GPT, GOT, uremia, and creatinine) did not suffer modifications. Taken together, our data indicate that these compounds showed a better anticancer performance than cisplatin on in vitro and in vivo studies. These results showed the importance of chelation in the antitumor properties, suggesting that the [PtCl(8-O-quinoline)(dmso)] (2) might be a promising agent for the treatment of human osteosarcoma tumors resistant to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Ruiz
- Chair of Pathologic Biochemistry, Exact School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.,Inorganic Chemistry Center (CONICET-UNLP) Exact School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Agustina Resasco
- Lab Experimental Animals, Veterinary School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Di Virgilio
- Chair of Pathologic Biochemistry, Exact School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.,Inorganic Chemistry Center (CONICET-UNLP) Exact School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Miguel Ayala
- Lab Experimental Animals, Veterinary School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Isabel Cavaco
- Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy Department, Algarve University, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Silvia Cabrera
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Aleman
- Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Esteban León
- Inorganic Chemistry Center (CONICET-UNLP) Exact School Sciences, National University of La Plata, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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37
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Iwasaki K, Nagata M, Akazawa K, Watabe T, Morita I. Changes in characteristics of periodontal ligament stem cells in spheroid culture. J Periodontal Res 2018; 54:364-373. [PMID: 30597545 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The periodontal ligament (PDL) has important roles in maintaining homeostasis, wound healing, and regeneration of periodontal tissues by supplying stem/progenitor cells. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics and can be isolated from periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of three-dimensional spheroid culture on the characteristics of PDLSCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal ligament stem cells were isolated and cultured from healthy teeth, and PDLSC spheroids were formed by pellet culture in polypropylene tubes. The proliferation of PDLSCs in spheroids and conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures were examined by immunostaining for Ki67. Cell death and cell size were analyzed using flow cytometry. Gene expression changes were investigated by quantitative real time PCR. RESULTS Periodontal ligament stem cells spontaneously formed spheroid masses in pellet culture. The size of PDLSC spheroids was inversely proportional to the culture period. Fewer Ki67-positive cells were detected in PDLSC spheroids compared to those in 2D culture. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in dead cells and a decrease in cell size in PDLSC spheroids. The expression levels of genes related to anti-inflammation (TSG6, COX2, MnSOD) and angiogenesis (VEGF, bFGF, HGF) were drastically increased by spheroid culture compared to 2D culture. TSG6 gene expression was inhibited in PDLSC spheroids in the presence of the apoptosis signal inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK. Additionally, PDLSC spheroid transplantation into rat periodontal defects did not induce the regeneration of periodontal tissues. CONCLUSIONS We found that spheroid culture of PDLSCs affected several characteristics of PDLSCs, including the expression of genes related to anti-inflammation and angiogenesis; apoptosis signaling may be involved in these changes. Our results revealed the characteristics of PDLSCs in spheroid culture and have provided new information to the field of stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Iwasaki
- Institute of Dental Research, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nanomedicine (DNP), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Nagata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Akazawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Ojaghi M, Soleimanifar F, Kazemi A, Ghollasi M, Soleimani M, Nasoohi N, Enderami SE. Electrospun poly‐
l
‐lactic acid/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers improved insulin‐producing cell differentiation potential of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9917-9926. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ojaghi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
| | - Alireza Kazemi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University Tehran Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Nikoo Nasoohi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
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Laternser S, Keller H, Leupin O, Rausch M, Graf-Hausner U, Rimann M. A Novel Microplate 3D Bioprinting Platform for the Engineering of Muscle and Tendon Tissues. SLAS Technol 2018; 23:599-613. [PMID: 29895208 PMCID: PMC6249648 DOI: 10.1177/2472630318776594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures do not reflect the in vivo situation, and thus it is important to develop predictive three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models with enhanced reliability and robustness for drug screening applications. Treatments against muscle-related diseases are becoming more prominent due to the growth of the aging population worldwide. In this study, we describe a novel drug screening platform with automated production of 3D musculoskeletal-tendon-like tissues. With 3D bioprinting, alternating layers of photo-polymerized gelatin-methacryloyl-based bioink and cell suspension tissue models were produced in a dumbbell shape onto novel postholder cell culture inserts in 24-well plates. Monocultures of human primary skeletal muscle cells and rat tenocytes were printed around and between the posts. The cells showed high viability in culture and good tissue differentiation, based on marker gene and protein expressions. Different printing patterns of bioink and cells were explored and calcium signaling with Fluo4-loaded cells while electrically stimulated was shown. Finally, controlled co-printing of tenocytes and myoblasts around and between the posts, respectively, was demonstrated followed by co-culture and co-differentiation. This screening platform combining 3D bioprinting with a novel microplate represents a promising tool to address musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Laternser
- Competence Center TEDD, Institute of
Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
Waedenswil, Switzerland
- Center for Cell Biology & Tissue
Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of
Applied Sciences, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Hansjoerg Keller
- Musculoskeletal Diseases, Novartis
Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Leupin
- Musculoskeletal Diseases, Novartis
Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Rausch
- Biotherapeutic and Analytical
Technologies, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Graf-Hausner
- Competence Center TEDD, Institute of
Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
Waedenswil, Switzerland
- Center for Cell Biology & Tissue
Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of
Applied Sciences, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rimann
- Competence Center TEDD, Institute of
Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
Waedenswil, Switzerland
- Center for Cell Biology & Tissue
Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of
Applied Sciences, Waedenswil, Switzerland
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40
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Joshi P, Kang SY, Datar A, Lee MY. High-Throughput Assessment of Mechanistic Toxicity of Chemicals in Miniaturized 3D Cell Culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 79:e66. [PMID: 30387930 DOI: 10.1002/cptx.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-content imaging (HCI) assays on two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures often do not represent in vivo characteristics accurately, thus reducing the predictability of drug toxicity/efficacy in vivo. On the other hand, conventional 3D cell cultures are relatively low throughput and possess difficulty in cell imaging. To address these limitations, a miniaturized 3D cell culture has been developed on a micropillar/microwell chip platform with human cells encapsulated in biomimetic hydrogels. Model compounds are used to validate human cell microarrays for high-throughput assessment of mechanistic toxicity. Main mechanisms of toxicity of compounds can be investigated by analyzing multiple parameters such as DNA damage, mitochondrial impairment, intracellular glutathione level, and cell membrane integrity. IC50 values of these parameters can be determined and compared for the compounds to investigate the main mechanism of toxicity. This paper describes miniaturized HCI assays on 3D-cultured cell microarrays for high-throughput assessment of mechanistic profiles of compound-induced toxicity. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Soo-Yeon Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Akshata Datar
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Moo-Yeal Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
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41
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Kim CH, Sa CK, Goh MS, Lee ES, Kang TH, Yoon HY, Battogtokh G, Ko YT, Choi YW. pH-sensitive PEGylation of RIPL peptide-conjugated nanostructured lipid carriers: design and in vitro evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6661-6675. [PMID: 30425481 PMCID: PMC6204877 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s184355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RIPL peptide (IPLVVPLRRRRRRRRC)-conjugated nanostructured lipid carriers (RIPL-NLCs) can facilitate selective drug delivery to hepsin (Hpn)-expressing cancer cells, but they exhibit low stability in the blood. Generally, biocompatible and nontoxic poly(ethylene glycol) surface modification (PEGylation) can enhance NLC stability, although this may impair drug delivery and NLC clearance. To attain RIPL-NLC steric stabilization without impairing function, pH-sensitive cleavable PEG (cPEG) was grafted onto RIPL-NLCs (cPEG-RIPL-NLCs). METHODS Various types of NLC formulations including RIPL-NLCs, PEG-RIPL-NLCs, and cPEG-RIPL-NLCs were prepared using the solvent emulsification-evaporation method and characterized for particle size, zeta potential (ZP), and cytotoxicity. The steric stabilization effect was evaluated by plasma protein adsorption and phagocytosis inhibition studies. pH-sensitive cleavage was investigated using the dialysis method under different pH conditions. Employing a fluorescent probe (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate [DiI]), in vitro drug delivery capacity of the cPEG-RIPL-NLCs under different pH conditions was also performed on Hpn-expressing SKOV3 cells and 3D-tumor spheroids. RESULTS All prepared NLCs showed homogenous dispersion (<220 nm in size) with a negative ZP (-18 to -22 mV), except for positively charged RIPL-NLCs (~10 mV), revealing no significant cytotoxicity in either SKOV3 or RAW 264.7 cell lines. cPEG-RIPL-NLC protein adsorption was 1.75-fold less than that of RIPL-NLCs, and PEGylation significantly reduced the macrophage uptake. PEG detachment from the cPEG-RIPL-NLCs was pH-sensitive and time dependent. At 2 hours incubation, cPEG-RIPL-NLCs and PEG-RIPL-NLCs exhibited comparable cellular uptake at pH 7.4, whereas cPEG-RIPL-NLC uptake was increased over 2-fold at pH 6.5. 3D-spheroid penetration also demonstrated pH-sensitivity: at pH 7.4, cPEG-RIPL-NLCs could not penetrate deep into the spheroid core region during 2 hours, whereas at pH 6.5, high fluorescence intensity in the core region was observed for both cPEG-RIPL-NLC-and RIPL-NLC-treated groups. CONCLUSION cPEG-RIPL-NLCs are good candidates for Hpn-selective drug targeting in conjunction with pH-responsive PEG cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Cheol-Ki Sa
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Min Su Goh
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Eun Seok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Tae Hoon Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | - Ho Yub Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
| | | | - Young Tag Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
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Mansour RN, Soleimanifar F, Abazari MF, Torabinejad S, Ardeshirylajimi A, Ghoraeian P, Mousavi SA, Sharif Rahmani E, Hassannia H, Enderami SE. Collagen coated electrospun polyethersulfon nanofibers improved insulin producing cells differentiation potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S734-S739. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1508031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohamad Foad Abazari
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Torabinejad
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Ghoraeian
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mousavi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Edris Sharif Rahmani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Amol Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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43
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Calitz C, Hamman JH, Viljoen AM, Fey SJ, Wrzesinski K, Gouws C. Toxicity and anti-prolific properties of Xysmalobium undulatum water extract during short-term exposure to two-dimensional and three-dimensional spheroid cell cultures. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:641-652. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1485805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlemi Calitz
- Pharmacen™, Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Josias H. Hamman
- Pharmacen™, Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Alvaro M. Viljoen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Stephen J. Fey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Celvivo IVS, Blommenslyst, Denmark
| | - Krzysztof Wrzesinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Celvivo IVS, Blommenslyst, Denmark
| | - Chrisna Gouws
- Pharmacen™, Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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44
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Enrichment of cancer stem cells by agarose multi-well dishes and 3D spheroid culture. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 375:397-408. [PMID: 30244317 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As the theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is maturing, CSC-targeted therapy is emerging as an important therapeutic strategy and seeking the ideal method for rapid enrichment and purification of CSCs has become crucial. So far, based on the known CSC phenotypes and biological characteristics, the methods for enrichment CSCs mainly include low adhesion culture, low oxygen culture, chemotherapy drug stimulation and side population (SP) sorting but these methods cannot realize quick enrichment of the desired CSCs. Herein, we adopt a novel method that efficiently enriches a certain amount of CSCs through agarose multi-well dishes using rubber micro-molds to make cancer cells into cell spheroids (3D). These 3D cancer cell spheroids in the proportions of expression of CSC biomarkers (single stain of CD44, CD44v6 and CD133 or double stain of both CD44 and CD133) were significantly higher than those of the conventional adherent culture (2D) using flow cytometry analysis. In addition, the expression levels of stemness transcription factors such as OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 in 3D were also significantly higher than that in 2D through Western blot (WB) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. In addition, the CSCs in 3D could form colonies with different sizes in soft agar. In conclusion, we developed a new method to enrich some kinds of CSCs, which might be a benefit for future CSC-targeted therapy studies and anti-CSC drug screening applications.
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45
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Abazari MF, Soleimanifar F, Nouri Aleagha M, Torabinejad S, Nasiri N, Khamisipour G, Amini Mahabadi J, Mahboudi H, Enderami SE, Saburi E, Hashemi J, Kehtari M. PCL/PVA nanofibrous scaffold improve insulin-producing cells generation from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Gene 2018; 671:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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46
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Zurina IM, Shpichka AI, Saburina IN, Kosheleva NV, Gorkun AA, Grebenik EA, Kuznetsova DS, Zhang D, Rochev YA, Butnaru DV, Zharikova TM, Istranova EV, Zhang Y, Istranov LP, Timashev PS. 2D/3D buccal epithelial cell self-assembling as a tool for cell phenotype maintenance and fabrication of multilayered epithelial linings in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:054104. [PMID: 29926804 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aace1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the epithelial status of cells in vitro and fabrication of a multilayered epithelial lining is one of the key problems in the therapy using cell technologies. When cultured in a monolayer, epithelial cells change their phenotype from epithelial to epithelial-mesenchymal or mesenchymal that makes it difficult to obtain a sufficient number of cells in a 2D culture and to use them in tissue engineering. Here, using buccal epithelial cells from the oral mucosa, we developed a novel approach to recover and maintain the stable cell phenotype and form a multilayered epithelial lining in vitro via the 2D/3D cell self-assembling. Transitioning the cells from the monolayer to non-adhesive 3D culture conditions led to formation of self-assembling spheroids, with restoration of their epithelial characteristics after epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In 7 days, the cells within spheroids restored the apical-basal polarity, and the formation of both tight (ZO1) and adherent (E-cadherin) intercellular junctions was shown. Thus, culturing buccal epithelial cells in a 3D system allowed us to recover and durably maintain the morphological and functional characteristics of epithelial cells. The multilayered epithelial lining formation was achieved after placing spheroids for 7 days onto a hybrid matrix, which consisted of collagen layers and reinforcing poly (lactide-co-glycolide) fibers and was proven promising for replacement of the urothelium. Thus, we offer an effective technique of forming multilayered epithelial linings on carrier-matrices using cell spheroids that was not previously described elsewhere and can find a wide range of applications in tissue engineering, replacement surgery, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Zurina
- FSBSI 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia. Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Lee BH, Park JN, Lee EJ, Moon YW, Wang JH. Therapeutic Efficacy of Spherical Aggregated Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured for Osteochondral Defects of Rabbit Knee Joints. Am J Sports Med 2018; 46:2242-2252. [PMID: 30011257 DOI: 10.1177/0363546518780991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engraftment and longevity of transplanted cells are crucial for stem cell-based cartilage treatment. PURPOSE To determine whether cultured spherical cell masses of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) could improve engraftment at defect sites and to examine their corresponding effects on osteochondral regeneration. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A cylindrical osteochondral defect (5 mm wide × 5 mm deep) was created in trochlear grooves of rabbit knees. The single-cell type of hBM-MSCs with fibrin glue, the spherical type of hBM-MSCs with fibrin glue, and cell-free fibrin glue (control) were each implanted into osteochondral defect sites. A total of 18 rabbit knees were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups (3 rabbits per group). Animals were sacrificed at 6 and 12 weeks after transplantation. Repaired tissues were evaluated via gross examination, histologic examination, and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS Transplantation with spherical hBM-MSCs exhibited superior overall osteochondral restoration when compared with the single-type group, as evidenced by well-ordered mature collagen fibrils produced during subchondral bone formation in the zonation phenomenon. Immunofluorescence analysis of osteochondral defect areas with human-specific antigen revealed a larger number of mesenchymal stem cells in the spherical-type group than the single cell-type group. CONCLUSION Transplantation of spherical hBM-MSCs was better than single cells from monolayer culture in improving osteochondral regeneration. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings demonstrate a simple strategy for enhancing the potency of stem cells required for restoration of osteochondral defects. Furthermore, this strategy may be implemented with other types of stem/progenitor cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Hoon Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kang-Dong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Nam Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wan Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ho Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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3D cellular spheroids as tools for understanding carboxylated quantum dot behavior in tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:914-923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhang J, Yun S, Bi J, Dai S, Du Y, Zannettino ACW, Zhang H. Enhanced multi-lineage differentiation of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells within poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylic acid) microgel-formed three-dimensional constructs. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1799-1814. [PMID: 32254252 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) are a potential cell source of stem cell therapy for many serious diseases and hMSC spheroids have emerged to replace single cell suspensions for cell therapy. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds or hydrogels which can mimic properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) have been widely explored for their application in tissue regeneration. However, there are considerably less studies on inducing differentiation of hMSC spheroids using 3D scaffolds or hydrogels. This study is the first to explore multi-lineage differentiation of a stem cell line and primary stem cells within poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (p(NIPAAm))-based thermosensitive microgel-formed constructs. We first demonstrated that poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (p(NIPAAm-AA)) was not toxic to hMSCs and the microgel-formed constructs facilitated formation of uniform stem cell spheroids. Due to functional enhancement of cell spheroids, hMSCs within the 3D microgel-formed constructs were induced for multi-lineage differentiation as evidenced by significant up-regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of chondrogenic and osteogenic genes even in the absence of induction media on day 9. When induction media were in situ supplied on day 9, mRNA expression of chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic genes within the microgel-formed constructs were significantly higher than that in the pellet and 2D cultures, respectively, on day 37. In addition, histological and immunofluorescent images also confirmed successful multi-lineage differentiation of hMSCs within the 3D microgel-formed constructs. Hence, the thermosensitive p(NIPAAm-AA) microgel can be potentially used in an in vitro model for cell differentiation or in vivo transplantation of pre-differentiated human mesenchymal stromal cells into patients for specific lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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Joshi P, Datar A, Yu KN, Kang SY, Lee MY. High-content imaging assays on a miniaturized 3D cell culture platform. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 50:147-159. [PMID: 29501531 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The majority of high-content imaging (HCI) assays have been performed on two-dimensional (2D) cell monolayers for its convenience and throughput. However, 2D-cultured cell models often do not represent the in vivo characteristics accurately and therefore reduce the predictability of drug toxicity/efficacy in vivo. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) cell-based HCI assays have been demonstrated to improve predictability, but its use is limited due to difficulty in maneuverability and low throughput in cell imaging. To alleviate these issues, we have developed miniaturized 3D cell culture on a micropillar/microwell chip and demonstrated high-throughput HCI assays for mechanistic toxicity. Briefly, Hep3B human hepatoma cell line was encapsulated in a mixture of alginate and fibrin gel on the micropillar chip, cultured in 3D, and exposed to six model compounds in the microwell chip for rapidly assessing mechanistic hepatotoxicity. Several toxicity parameters, including DNA damage, mitochondrial impairment, intracellular glutathione level, and cell membrane integrity were measured on the chip, and the IC50 values of the compounds at different readouts were determined to investigate the mechanism of toxicity. Overall, the Z' factors were between 0.6 and 0.8 for the HCI assays, and the coefficient of variation (CV) were below 20%. These results indicate high robustness and reproducibility of the HCI assays established on the miniaturized 3D cell culture chip. In addition, it was possible to determine the predominant mechanism of toxicity using the 3D HCI assays. Therefore, our miniaturized 3D cell culture coupled with HCI assays has great potential for high-throughput screening (HTS) of compounds and mechanistic toxicity profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 455 Fenn Hall, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115-2214, USA
| | - Akshata Datar
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 455 Fenn Hall, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115-2214, USA
| | - Kyeong-Nam Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 455 Fenn Hall, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115-2214, USA
| | - Soo-Yeon Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 455 Fenn Hall, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115-2214, USA
| | - Moo-Yeal Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 455 Fenn Hall, 1960 East 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115-2214, USA.
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