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Sousa JPM, Deus IA, Monteiro CF, Custódio CA, Stratakis E, Mano JF, Marques PAAP. Comparative analysis of aligned and random amniotic membrane-derived cryogels for neural tissue repair. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4393-4406. [PMID: 39034884 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00364k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The ordered arrangement of cells and extracellular matrix facilitates the seamless transmission of electrical signals along axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Therefore, restoring tissue geometry is crucial for neural regeneration. This study presents a novel method using proteins derived from the human amniotic membrane, which is modified with photoresponsive groups, to produce cryogels with aligned porosity. Freeze-casting was used to produce cryogels with longitudinally aligned pores, while cryogels with randomly distributed porosity were used as the control. The cryogels exhibited remarkable injectability and shape-recovery properties, essential for minimally invasive applications. Different tendencies in proliferation and differentiation were evident between aligned and random cryogels, underscoring the significance of the scaffold's microstructure in directing the behaviour of neural stem cells (NSC). Remarkably, aligned cryogels facilitated extensive cellular infiltration and migration, contrasting with NSC cultured on isotropic cryogels, which predominantly remained on the scaffold's surface throughout the proliferation experiment. Significantly, the proliferation assay demonstrated that on day 7, the aligned cryogels contained eight times more cells compared to the random cryogels. Consistent with the proliferation experiments, NSC exhibited the ability to differentiate into neurons within the aligned scaffolds and extend neurites longitudinally. In addition, differentiation assays showed a four-fold increase in the expression of neural markers in the cross-sections of the aligned cryogels. Conversely, the random cryogels exhibited minimal presence of cell bodies and extensions. The presence of synaptic vesicles on the anisotropic cryogels indicates the formation of functional synaptic connections, emphasizing the importance of the scaffold's microstructure in guiding neuronal reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês A Deus
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Monteiro
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Catarina A Custódio
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
- Metatissue, PCI Creative Science Park Aveiro Region, Via do Conhecimento, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
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Karam J, Singer BJ, Miwa H, Chen LH, Maran K, Hasani M, Garza S, Onyekwere B, Yeh HC, Li S, Carlo DD, Seidlits SK. Molecular weight of hyaluronic acid crosslinked into biomaterial scaffolds affects angiogenic potential. Acta Biomater 2023; 169:228-242. [PMID: 37572983 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
While hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels have been used clinically for decades, the mechanisms by which HA exerts molecular weight-dependent bioactivity and how chemical modification and crosslinking may affect molecular weight-dependent bioactivity remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap presents a significant barrier to designing HA hydrogels with predictable bioactivities. As HA has been widely reported to have molecular weight-dependent effects on endothelial cells (ECs), we investigated how the molecular weight of HA in either soluble or crosslinked forms affects angiogenesis and interrogated CD44 clustering on the surface of endothelial cells as a candidate mechanism for these affects. Using soluble HA, our results show high molecular weight (HMW) HA, but not low molecular weight (LMW) HA, increased viability and tube formation in cultured human cerebral microvascular ECs (HCMVECs). No size of HA affected proliferation. When HCMVECs were cultured with crosslinked HA of varying molecular weights in the form of HA-based microporous annealed particle scaffold (HMAPS), the cell response was comparable to when cultured with soluble HA. Similarly, when implanted subcutaneously, HMAPS with HMW HA were more vascularized than those with LMW HA. We also show that antibody-mediated CD44 clustering resulted in HCMVECs with increased viability and tube-like structure formation in a manner comparable to exposure to HMW HA, suggesting that HMW acts through CD44 clustering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterials based on hyaluronic acid (HA), a bioactive extracellular matrix polysaccharide, have been used in clinical products for several years. Despite the knowledge that HA molecular weight heavily influences its bioactivity, molecular weight has been largely ignored in the development of HA-based biomaterials. Given the high viscosity of high molecular weight HA typically found in native tissues, lower molecular weight polysaccharides have been used most commonly for biomaterial fabrication. By comparing the ability of injectable, microporous annealed particle scaffolds (MAPS) fabricated from variably sized HA to promote angiogenesis, this study demonstrates that MAPS with high molecular weight HA better support vascularization, likely through an unique ability to induce clustering of CD44 receptors on endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Karam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Breahna J Singer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hiromi Miwa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Limin H Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kajal Maran
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mahdi Hasani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sarahi Garza
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bianca Onyekwere
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Shahemi NH, Mahat MM, Asri NAN, Amir MA, Ab Rahim S, Kasri MA. Application of Conductive Hydrogels on Spinal Cord Injury Repair: A Review. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37364251 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe motor or sensory damage that leads to long-term disabilities due to disruption of electrical conduction in neuronal pathways. Despite current clinical therapies being used to limit the propagation of cell or tissue damage, the need for neuroregenerative therapies remains. Conductive hydrogels have been considered a promising neuroregenerative therapy due to their ability to provide a pro-regenerative microenvironment and flexible structure, which conforms to a complex SCI lesion. Furthermore, their conductivity can be utilized for noninvasive electrical signaling in dictating neuronal cell behavior. However, the ability of hydrogels to guide directional axon growth to reach the distal end for complete nerve reconnection remains a critical challenge. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in conductive hydrogels, including the incorporation of conductive materials, fabrication techniques, and cross-linking interactions. We also discuss important characteristics for designing conductive hydrogels for directional growth and regenerative therapy. We propose insights into electrical conductivity properties in a hydrogel that could be implemented as guidance for directional cell growth for SCI applications. Specifically, we highlight the practical implications of recent findings in the field, including the potential for conductive hydrogels to be used in clinical applications. We conclude that conductive hydrogels are a promising neuroregenerative therapy for SCI and that further research is needed to optimize their design and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hidayah Shahemi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Muzamir Mahat
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ain Najihah Asri
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Abid Amir
- Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharaniza Ab Rahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Arif Kasri
- Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Cai M, Chen L, Wang T, Liang Y, Zhao J, Zhang X, Li Z, Wu H. Hydrogel scaffolds in the treatment of spinal cord injury: a review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1211066. [PMID: 37325033 PMCID: PMC10266534 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1211066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disease of the central nervous system often caused by accidents, and its prognosis is unsatisfactory, with long-term adverse effects on patients' lives. The key to its treatment lies in the improvement of the microenvironment at the injury and the reconstruction of axons, and tissue repair is a promising therapeutic strategy. Hydrogel is a three-dimensional mesh structure with high water content, which has the advantages of biocompatibility, degradability, and adjustability, and can be used to fill pathological defects by injectable flowing hydrophilic material in situ to accurately adapt to the size and shape of the injury. Hydrogels mimic the natural extracellular matrix for cell colonization, guide axon extension, and act as a biological scaffold, which can be used as an excellent carrier to participate in the treatment of SCI. The addition of different materials to make composite hydrogel scaffolds can further enhance their performance in all aspects. In this paper, we introduce several typical composite hydrogels and review the research progress of hydrogel for SCI to provide a reference for the clinical application of hydrogel therapy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Cai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Surgery, The Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan, China
| | - Liji Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan, China
| | - Yinru Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Xin W, Baokun Z, Zhiheng C, Qiang S, Erzhu Y, Jianguang X, Xiaofeng L. Biodegradable bilayer hydrogel membranes loaded with bazedoxifene attenuate blood-spinal cord barrier disruption via the NF-κB pathway after acute spinal cord injury. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:140-155. [PMID: 36736849 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption and hemorrhage lead to blood cell infiltration and progressive secondary injuries. Therefore, early restoration of the BSCB represents a key step in the treatment of SCI. Bazedoxifene (BZA), a third-generation estrogen receptor modulator, has recently been reported to inhibit inflammation and alleviate blood-brain barrier disruption caused by traumatic brain injury, attracting great interest in the field of central nervous system injury and repair. However, whether BZA can attenuate BSCB disruption and contribute to SCI repair remains unknown. Here, we developed a new type of biomaterial carrier and constructed a BZA-loaded HSPT (hyaluronic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), tetramethylpropane (TPA) material construction) (HSPT@Be) system to effectively deliver BZA to the site of SCI. We found that HSPT@Be could significantly reduce inflammation in the spinal cord in SCI rats and attenuate BSCB disruption by providing covering scaffold, inhibiting oxidative stress, and upregulating tight junction proteins, which was mediated by regulation of the NF-κB/MMP signaling pathway. Importantly, functional assessment showed the evident improvement of behavioral functions in the HSPT@Be-treated SCI rats. These results indicated that HSPT@Be can attenuate BSCB disruption via the NF-κB pathway after SCI, shedding light on its potential therapeutic benefit for SCI. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: After spinal cord injury, blood-spinal cord barrier disruption and hemorrhage lead to blood cell infiltration and progressive secondary injuries. Bazedoxifene has recently been reported to inhibit inflammation and alleviate blood-brain barrier disruption caused by traumatic brain injury. However, whether BZA can attenuate BSCB disruption and contribute to SCI repair remains unknown. In this study, we developed a new type of biomaterial carrier and constructed a bazedoxifene-loaded HSPT (HSPT@Be) system to efficiently treat SCI. HSPT@Be could provide protective coverage, inhibit oxidative stress, and upregulate tight junction proteins through NF-κB/MMP pathway both in vivo and in vitro, therefore attenuating BSCB disruption. Our study fills the application gap of biomaterials in BSCB restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhang Baokun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chen Zhiheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shi Qiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yang Erzhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xu Jianguang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Lian Xiaofeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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Sousa JPM, Stratakis E, Mano J, Marques PAAP. Anisotropic 3D scaffolds for spinal cord guided repair: Current concepts. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213353. [PMID: 36848743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A spinal cord injury (SCI) can be caused by unforeseen events such as a fall, a vehicle accident, a gunshot, or a malignant illness, which has a significant impact on the quality of life of the patient. Due to the limited regenerative potential of the central nervous system (CNS), SCI is one of the most daunting medical challenges of modern medicine. Great advances have been made in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, which include the transition from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) biomaterials. Combinatory treatments that use 3D scaffolds may significantly enhance the repair and regeneration of functional neural tissue. In an effort to mimic the chemical and physical properties of neural tissue, scientists are researching the development of the ideal scaffold made of synthetic and/or natural polymers. Moreover, in order to restore the architecture and function of neural networks, 3D scaffolds with anisotropic properties that replicate the native longitudinal orientation of spinal cord nerve fibres are being designed. In an effort to determine if scaffold anisotropy is a crucial property for neural tissue regeneration, this review focuses on the most current technological developments relevant to anisotropic scaffolds for SCI. Special consideration is given to the architectural characteristics of scaffolds containing axially oriented fibres, channels, and pores. By analysing neural cell behaviour in vitro and tissue integration and functional recovery in animal models of SCI, the therapeutic efficacy is evaluated for its successes and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal; Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece; CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - João Mano
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal.
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Suzuki H, Imajo Y, Funaba M, Ikeda H, Nishida N, Sakai T. Current Concepts of Biomaterial Scaffolds and Regenerative Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032528. [PMID: 36768846 PMCID: PMC9917245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic condition associated with significant neurological deficit and social and financial burdens. It is currently being managed symptomatically, with no real therapeutic strategies available. In recent years, a number of innovative regenerative strategies have emerged and have been continuously investigated in preclinical research and clinical trials. In the near future, several more are expected to come down the translational pipeline. Among ongoing and completed trials are those reporting the use of biomaterial scaffolds. The advancements in biomaterial technology, combined with stem cell therapy or other regenerative therapy, can now accelerate the progress of promising novel therapeutic strategies from bench to bedside. Various types of approaches to regeneration therapy for SCI have been combined with the use of supportive biomaterial scaffolds as a drug and cell delivery system to facilitate favorable cell-material interactions and the supportive effect of neuroprotection. In this review, we summarize some of the most recent insights of preclinical and clinical studies using biomaterial scaffolds in regenerative therapy for SCI and summarized the biomaterial strategies for treatment with simplified results data. One hundred and sixty-eight articles were selected in the present review, in which we focused on biomaterial scaffolds. We conducted our search of articles using PubMed and Medline, a medical database. We used a combination of "Spinal cord injury" and ["Biomaterial", or "Scaffold"] as search terms and searched articles published up until 30 April 2022. Successful future therapies will require these biomaterial scaffolds and other synergistic approaches to address the persistent barriers to regeneration, including glial scarring, the loss of a structural framework, and biocompatibility. This database could serve as a benchmark to progress in future clinical trials for SCI using biomaterial scaffolds.
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8
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Peng H, Liu Y, Xiao F, Zhang L, Li W, Wang B, Weng Z, Liu Y, Chen G. Research progress of hydrogels as delivery systems and scaffolds in the treatment of secondary spinal cord injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1111882. [PMID: 36741755 PMCID: PMC9889880 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary spinal cord injury (SSCI) is the second stage of spinal cord injury (SCI) and involves vasculature derangement, immune response, inflammatory response, and glial scar formation. Bioactive additives, such as drugs and cells, have been widely used to inhibit the progression of secondary spinal cord injury. However, the delivery and long-term retention of these additives remain a problem to be solved. In recent years, hydrogels have attracted much attention as a popular delivery system for loading cells and drugs for secondary spinal cord injury therapy. After implantation into the site of spinal cord injury, hydrogels can deliver bioactive additives in situ and induce the unidirectional growth of nerve cells as scaffolds. In addition, physical and chemical methods can endow hydrogels with new functions. In this review, we summarize the current state of various hydrogel delivery systems for secondary spinal cord injury treatment. Moreover, functional modifications of these hydrogels for better therapeutic effects are also discussed to provide a comprehensive insight into the application of hydrogels in the treatment of secondary spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichuan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongkang Liu
- The Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Fengfeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Binghan Wang
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhijian Weng
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China,*Correspondence: Yu Liu, ; Gang Chen,
| | - Gang Chen
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China,*Correspondence: Yu Liu, ; Gang Chen,
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9
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Feng C, Deng L, Yong YY, Wu JM, Qin DL, Yu L, Zhou XG, Wu AG. The Application of Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:816. [PMID: 36614259 PMCID: PMC9821025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord and the brain form the central nervous system (CNS), which is the most important part of the body. However, spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by external forces is one of the most difficult types of neurological injury to treat, resulting in reduced or even absent motor, sensory and autonomic functions. It leads to the reduction or even disappearance of motor, sensory and self-organizing nerve functions. Currently, its incidence is increasing each year worldwide. Therefore, the development of treatments for SCI is urgently needed in the clinic. To date, surgery, drug therapy, stem cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, and rehabilitation therapy have been developed for the treatment of SCI. Among them, regenerative biomaterials that use tissue engineering and bioscaffolds to transport cells or drugs to the injured site are considered the most promising option. In this review, we briefly introduce SCI and its molecular mechanism and summarize the application of biomaterials in the repair and regeneration of tissue in various models of SCI. However, there is still limited evidence about the treatment of SCI with biomaterials in the clinic. Finally, this review will provide inspiration and direction for the future study and application of biomaterials in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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10
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Li Z, Zhao T, Ding J, Gu H, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhang D, Gao C. A reactive oxygen species-responsive hydrogel encapsulated with bone marrow derived stem cells promotes repair and regeneration of spinal cord injury. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:550-568. [PMID: 35600969 PMCID: PMC9108756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an overwhelming and incurable disabling event accompanied by complicated inflammation-related pathological processes, such as excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the infiltrated inflammatory immune cells and released to the extracellular microenvironment, leading to the widespread apoptosis of the neuron cells, glial and oligodendroctyes. In this study, a thioketal-containing and ROS-scavenging hydrogel was prepared for encapsulation of the bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which promoted the neurogenesis and axon regeneration by scavenging the overproduced ROS and re-building a regenerative microenvironment. The hydrogel could effectively encapsulate BMSCs, and played a remarkable neuroprotective role in vivo by reducing the production of endogenous ROS, attenuating ROS-mediated oxidative damage and downregulating the inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), resulting in a reduced cell apoptosis in the spinal cord tissue. The BMSCs-encapsulated ROS-scavenging hydrogel also reduced the scar formation, and improved the neurogenesis of the spinal cord tissue, and thus distinctly enhanced the motor functional recovery of SCI rats. Our work provides a combinational strategy against ROS-mediated oxidative stress, with potential applications not only in SCI, but also in other central nervous system diseases with similar pathological conditions.
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Roolfs L, Hubertus V, Spinnen J, Shopperly LK, Fehlings MG, Vajkoczy P. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Vascular Repair After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Neurospine 2022; 19:961-975. [PMID: 36597633 PMCID: PMC9816606 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2244624.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the spinal cord vasculature resulting in ischemia, amplification of the secondary injury cascade and exacerbation of neural tissue loss. Restoring functional integrity of the microvasculature to prevent neural loss and to promote neural repair is an important challenge and opportunity in SCI research. Herein, we summarize the course of vascular injury and repair following SCI and give a comprehensive overview of current experimental therapeutic approaches targeting spinal cord microvasculature to diminish ischemia and thereby facilitate neural repair and regeneration. A systematic review of the published literature on therapeutic approaches to promote vascular repair after experimental SCI was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) standards. The MEDLINE databases PubMed, Embase, and OVID MEDLINE were searched using the keywords "spinal cord injury," "angiogenesis," "angiogenesis inducing agents," "tissue engineering," and "rodent subjects." A total of 111 studies were identified through the search. Five main therapeutic approaches to diminish hypoxia-ischemia and promote vascular repair were identified as (1) the application of angiogenic factors, (2) genetic engineering, (3) physical stimulation, (4) cell transplantation, and (5) biomaterials carrying various factor delivery. There are different therapeutic approaches with the potential to diminish hypoxia-ischemia and promote vascular repair after experimental SCI. Of note, combinatorial approaches using implanted biomaterials and angiogenic factor delivery appear promising for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Roolfs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Hubertus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacob Spinnen
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lennard K. Shopperly
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael G. Fehlings
- Division of Neurosurgery and Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,Corresponding Author Peter Vajkoczy Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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12
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Wang H, Xia Y, Li B, Li Y, Fu C. Reverse Adverse Immune Microenvironments by Biomaterials Enhance the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:812340. [PMID: 35646849 PMCID: PMC9136098 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.812340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe and traumatic disorder that ultimately results in the loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic nervous function. After SCI, local immune inflammatory response persists and does not weaken or disappear. The interference of local adverse immune factors after SCI brings great challenges to the repair of SCI. Among them, microglia, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, astrocytes, and the release of various cytokines, as well as the destruction of the extracellular matrix are mainly involved in the imbalance of the immune microenvironment. Studies have shown that immune remodeling after SCI significantly affects the survival and differentiation of stem cells after transplantation and the prognosis of SCI. Recently, immunological reconstruction strategies based on biomaterials have been widely explored and achieved good results. In this review, we discuss the important factors leading to immune dysfunction after SCI, such as immune cells, cytokines, and the destruction of the extracellular matrix. Additionally, the immunomodulatory strategies based on biomaterials are summarized, and the clinical application prospects of these immune reconstructs are evaluated.
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13
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Houlton J, Zubkova OV, Clarkson AN. Recovery of Post-Stroke Spatial Memory and Thalamocortical Connectivity Following Novel Glycomimetic and rhBDNF Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094817. [PMID: 35563207 PMCID: PMC9101131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke-induced cognitive impairments remain of significant concern, with very few treatment options available. The involvement of glycosaminoglycans in neuroregenerative processes is becoming better understood and recent advancements in technology have allowed for cost-effective synthesis of novel glycomimetics. The current study evaluated the therapeutic potential of two novel glycomimetics, compound A and G, when administered systemically five-days post-photothrombotic stroke to the PFC. As glycosaminoglycans are thought to facilitate growth factor function, we also investigated the combination of our glycomimetics with intracerebral, recombinant human brain-derived neurotrophic factor (rhBDNF). C56BL/6J mice received sham or stroke surgery and experimental treatment (day-5), before undergoing the object location recognition task (OLRT). Four-weeks post-surgery, animals received prelimbic injections of the retrograde tracer cholera toxin B (CTB), before tissue was collected for quantification of thalamo-PFC connectivity and reactive astrogliosis. Compound A or G treatment alone modulated a degree of reactive astrogliosis yet did not influence spatial memory performance. Contrastingly, compound G+rhBDNF treatment significantly improved spatial memory, dampened reactive astrogliosis and limited stroke-induced loss of connectivity between the PFC and midline thalamus. As rhBDNF treatment had negligible effects, these findings support compound A acted synergistically to enhance rhBDNF to restrict secondary degeneration and facilitate functional recovery after PFC stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Houlton
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Olga V. Zubkova
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Gracefield Research Centre, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand;
| | - Andrew N. Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +64-3-279-7326
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14
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Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Wu H. Polymeric Fibers as Scaffolds for Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:807533. [PMID: 35223816 PMCID: PMC8864123 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.807533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex neurological condition caused by trauma, inflammation, and other diseases, which often leads to permanent changes in strength and sensory function below the injured site. Changes in the microenvironment and secondary injuries continue to pose challenges for nerve repair and recovery after SCI. Recently, there has been progress in the treatment of SCI with the use of scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. Polymeric fibers fabricated by electrospinning have been increasingly used in SCI therapy owing to their biocompatibility, complex porous structure, high porosity, and large specific surface area. Polymer fibers simulate natural extracellular matrix of the nerve fiber and guide axon growth. Moreover, multiple channels of polymer fiber simulate the bundle of nerves. Polymer fibers with porous structure can be used as carriers loaded with drugs, nerve growth factors and cells. As conductive fibers, polymer fibers have electrical stimulation of nerve function. This paper reviews the fabrication, characterization, and application in SCI therapy of polymeric fibers, as well as potential challenges and future perspectives regarding their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpei Cheng
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Elkhenany H, Bonilla P, Giraldo E, Alastrue Agudo A, Edel MJ, Vicent MJ, Roca FG, Ramos CM, Doblado LR, Pradas MM, Manzano VM. A Hyaluronic Acid Demilune Scaffold and Polypyrrole-Coated Fibers Carrying Embedded Human Neural Precursor Cells and Curcumin for Surface Capping of Spinal Cord Injuries. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1928. [PMID: 34944744 PMCID: PMC8698735 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering, including cell transplantation and the application of biomaterials and bioactive molecules, represents a promising approach for regeneration following spinal cord injury (SCI). We designed a combinatorial tissue-engineered approach for the minimally invasive treatment of SCI-a hyaluronic acid (HA)-based scaffold containing polypyrrole-coated fibers (PPY) combined with the RAD16-I self-assembling peptide hydrogel (Corning® PuraMatrix™ peptide hydrogel (PM)), human induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs), and a nanoconjugated form of curcumin (CURC). In vitro cultures demonstrated that PM preserves iNPC viability and the addition of CURC reduces apoptosis and enhances the outgrowth of Nestin-positive neurites from iNPCs, compared to non-embedded iNPCs. The treatment of spinal cord organotypic cultures also demonstrated that CURC enhances cell migration and prompts a neuron-like morphology of embedded iNPCs implanted over the tissue slices. Following sub-acute SCI by traumatic contusion in rats, the implantation of PM-embedded iNPCs and CURC with PPY fibers supported a significant increase in neuro-preservation (as measured by greater βIII-tubulin staining of neuronal fibers) and decrease in the injured area (as measured by the lack of GFAP staining). This combination therapy also restricted platelet-derived growth factor expression, indicating a reduction in fibrotic pericyte invasion. Overall, these findings support PM-embedded iNPCs with CURC placed within an HA demilune scaffold containing PPY fibers as a minimally invasive combination-based alternative to cell transplantation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Elkhenany
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (H.E.); (P.B.); (E.G.); (A.A.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22785, Egypt
| | - Pablo Bonilla
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (H.E.); (P.B.); (E.G.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Esther Giraldo
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (H.E.); (P.B.); (E.G.); (A.A.A.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Alastrue Agudo
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (H.E.); (P.B.); (E.G.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Michael J. Edel
- Unit of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine (CCTRM), Harry Perkins Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- International Research Fellow, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - María Jesus Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Fernando Gisbert Roca
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (F.G.R.); (C.M.R.); (L.R.D.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Cristina Martínez Ramos
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (F.G.R.); (C.M.R.); (L.R.D.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Laura Rodríguez Doblado
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (F.G.R.); (C.M.R.); (L.R.D.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Manuel Monleón Pradas
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (F.G.R.); (C.M.R.); (L.R.D.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Victoria Moreno Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (H.E.); (P.B.); (E.G.); (A.A.A.)
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16
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Cao Z, Man W, Xiong Y, Guo Y, Yang S, Liu D, Zhao H, Yang Y, Yao S, Li C, Zhao L, Sun X, Guo H, Wang G, Wang X. White matter regeneration induced by aligned fibrin nanofiber hydrogel contributes to motor functional recovery in canine T12 spinal cord injury. Regen Biomater 2021; 9:rbab069. [PMID: 35558095 PMCID: PMC9089163 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A hierarchically aligned fibrin hydrogel (AFG) that possesses soft stiffness and aligned nanofiber structure has been successfully proven to facilitate neuroregeneration in vitro and in vivo. However, its potential in promoting nerve regeneration in large animal models that is critical for clinical translation has not been sufficiently specified. Here, the effects of AFG on directing neuroregeneration in canine hemisected T12 spinal cord injuries were explored. Histologically obvious white matter regeneration consisting of a large area of consecutive, compact and aligned nerve fibers is induced by AFG, leading to a significant motor functional restoration. The canines with AFG implantation start to stand well with their defective legs from 3 to 4 weeks postoperatively and even effortlessly climb the steps from 7 to 8 weeks. Moreover, high-resolution multi-shot diffusion tensor imaging illustrates the spatiotemporal dynamics of nerve regeneration rapidly crossing the lesion within 4 weeks in the AFG group. Our findings indicate that AFG could be a potential therapeutic vehicle for spinal cord injury by inducing rapid white matter regeneration and restoring locomotion, pointing out its promising prospect in clinic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weitao Man
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yuhui Xiong
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dongkang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - He Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Yongdong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Shenglian Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guihuai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Mousa AH, Agha Mohammad S, Rezk HM, Muzaffar KH, Alshanberi AM, Ansari SA. Nanoparticles in traumatic spinal cord injury: therapy and diagnosis. F1000Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55472.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been previously employed for constructing drug delivery vehicles, biosensors, solar cells, lubricants and as antimicrobial agents. The advancement in synthesis procedure makes it possible to formulate nanoparticles (NPs) with precise control over physico-chemical and optical properties that are desired for specific clinical or biological applications. The surface modification technology has further added impetus to the specific applications of NPs by providing them with desirable characteristics. Hence, nanotechnology is of paramount importance in numerous biomedical and industrial applications due to their biocompatibility and stability even in harsh environments. Traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCIs) are one of the major traumatic injuries that are commonly associated with severe consequences to the patient that may reach to the point of paralysis. Several processes occurring at a biochemical level which exacerbate the injury may be targeted using nanotechnology. This review discusses possible nanotechnology-based approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of TSCI, which have a bright future in clinical practice.
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18
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An S, Choi S, Min S, Cho SW. Hyaluronic Acid-based Biomimetic Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering and Medical Applications. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Jeong HJ, Yun Y, Lee SJ, Ha Y, Gwak SJ. Biomaterials and strategies for repairing spinal cord lesions. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104973. [PMID: 33497713 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes intractable disease and leads to inevitable physical, financial, and psychological burdens on patients and their families. SCI is commonly divided into primary and secondary injury. Primary injury occurs upon direct impact to the spinal cord, which leads to cell necrosis, axon disruption, and vascular loss. This triggers pathophysiological secondary injury, which has several phases: acute, subacute, intermediate, and chronic. These phases are dependent on post-injury time and pathophysiology and have various causes, such as the infiltration of inflammatory cells and release of cytokines that can act as a barrier to neural regeneration. Another unique feature of SCI is the glial scar produced from the reactive proliferation of astrocytes, which acts as a barrier to axonal regeneration. Interdisciplinary research is investigating the use of biomaterials and tissue-engineered fabrication to overcome SCI. In this review, we discuss representative biomaterials, including natural and synthetic polymers and nanomaterials. In addition, we describe several strategies to repair spinal cord injuries, such as fabrication and the delivery of therapeutic biocomponents. These biomaterials and strategies may offer beneficial information to enhance the repair of spinal cord lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Jin Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeomin Yun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea; Department of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Gwak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 54538, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Bhattacharyya S, Dinda A, Vishnubhatla S, Anwar MF, Jain S. A combinatorial approach to modulate microenvironment toward regeneration and repair after spinal cord injury in rats. Neurosci Lett 2021; 741:135500. [PMID: 33197520 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition of CNS which leads to loss of sensory as well as motor functions. Secondary damage after SCI initiates cascade of events that creates an inhibitory milieu for axonal growth and repair. Combinatorial therapies are the hope to attenuate secondary injury progression and make the microenvironment growth and repair friendly for the neurons. We fabricated gelatin- genipin hydrogel system which was impregnated with IONPs and injected at the lesion site in a clinically relevant contusion rat model of SCI. 24 h later, the rats were exposed to magnetic fields (17.96 μT, 50 Hz uniform EMF) for 2 h/day for 5 weeks. A significant (P < 0.001) improvement in Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor score, amplitude and threshold of spinally mediated reflexes and motor and somatosensory evoked potentials (MEP & SSEP) was observed following IONPs implantation and EMF exposure. Moreover, retrograde tracing showed a higher level of neuronal connectivity and survival after the intervention. There was also a reduction in activated microglia and lesion volume which attenuate secondary damage as evident by reduction in the scaring following intervention for 5 weeks. Moreover, we observed increase in the neuronal growth cone marker, GAP-43, growth promoting neurotrophins (GDNF, BDNF & NT-3) and reduction in the inhibitory molecule (Nogo-A) after this combinatorial therapy. We obsrvered that a significant improvement in behavioral, electrophysiological and morphological parameters was due to an alteration in neurotrophin levels, reduction in activated microglia and increase in GAP-43 expression after the combinatorial therapy. We propose that implantation of IONPs embedded gelatin-genipin hydrogel system along with MF exposure modulated the microenvironment, making it conducive for neural repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Suman Jain
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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21
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Yang B, Wang PB, Mu N, Ma K, Wang S, Yang CY, Huang ZB, Lai Y, Feng H, Yin GF, Chen TN, Hu CS. Graphene oxide-composited chitosan scaffold contributes to functional recovery of injured spinal cord in rats. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1829-1835. [PMID: 33510090 PMCID: PMC8328790 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study illustrates that graphene oxide nanosheets can endow materials with continuous electrical conductivity for up to 4 weeks. Conductive nerve scaffolds can bridge a sciatic nerve injury and guide the growth of neurons; however, whether the scaffolds can be used for the repair of spinal cord nerve injuries remains to be explored. In this study, a conductive graphene oxide composited chitosan scaffold was fabricated by genipin crosslinking and lyophilization. The prepared chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold presented a porous structure with an inner diameter of 18–87 μm, and a conductivity that reached 2.83 mS/cm because of good distribution of the graphene oxide nanosheets, which could be degraded by peroxidase. The chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold was transplanted into a T9 total resected rat spinal cord. The results show that the chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold induces nerve cells to grow into the pores between chitosan molecular chains, inducing angiogenesis in regenerated tissue, and promote neuron migration and neural tissue regeneration in the pores of the scaffold, thereby promoting the repair of damaged nerve tissue. The behavioral and electrophysiological results suggest that the chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold could significantly restore the neurological function of rats. Moreover, the functional recovery of rats treated with chitosan-graphene oxide scaffold was better than that treated with chitosan scaffold. The results show that graphene oxide could have a positive role in the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury by promoting the degradation of the scaffold, adhesion, and migration of nerve cells to the scaffold. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Animal Research at the First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) (approval No. AMUWEC20191327) on August 30, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Pang-Bo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Kang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan-Yan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhong-Bing Huang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guang-Fu Yin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tu-Nan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chen-Shi Hu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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22
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Shen S, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wang B, Shang L, Shao J, Lin M, Cui Y, Sun S, Ge S. 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Facilitates Bone Regeneration in a Mouse Periodontitis Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:232-241. [PMID: 33320531 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Effective bone tissue engineering is important to overcome the unmet clinical challenges of periodontal tissue regeneration. Successful bone tissue engineering comprises three key factors: stem cells, growth factors, and scaffolds. 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) is an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) that can activate the Wnt signaling pathway by enhancing β-catenin activity. In this study, the effects of BIO on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were investigated. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) emerged as promising biomaterials; thus, we developed a novel HA hydrogel embedded with BIO-encapsulated PLGA microspheres and injected the formulation into the gingival sulcus of mice with experimental periodontitis. The release speed of this system was fast in the first week and followed a sustained release phase until week 4. In vivo experiments showed that this PLGA-BIO-HA hydrogel system can inhibit periodontal inflammation, promote bone regeneration, and induce the expression of bone-forming markers alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin (OCN) in a mouse periodontitis model. Therefore, this PLGA-BIO-HA hydrogel system provides a promising therapeutic strategy for periodontal bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Shen
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Songmei Zhang
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, 14642 New York, United States
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lingling Shang
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinlong Shao
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yating Cui
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology & Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
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Huang F, Chen T, Chang J, Zhang C, Liao F, Wu L, Wang W, Yin Z. A conductive dual-network hydrogel composed of oxidized dextran and hyaluronic-hydrazide as BDNF delivery systems for potential spinal cord injury repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:434-445. [PMID: 33278434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often causes neuronal death and axonal degeneration. In this study, we report a new strategy for preparing injectable and conductive polysaccharides-based hydrogels that could sustainably deliver brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) for SCI repair. We used poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as a carrier to encapsulate BDNF. The resulting microspheres were then modified with tannic acid (TA). The polysaccharides-based hydrogel composed of oxidized dextran (Dex) and hyaluronic acid-hydrazide (HA) was mixed with TA-modified microspheres to form the ultimate BDNF@TA-PLGA/Dex-HA hydrogel. Our results showed that the hydrogel had properties similar to natural spinal cords. Specifically, the hydrogel had soft mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity. The cross-sectional morphology of the hydrogel exhibited a continuous and porous structure. The swelling and degradation behaviors of the Dex-HA hydrogel in vitro indicated the incorporation of TA into hydrogel matrix could improve the stability of the hydrogel matrix as well as extend the release time of BDNF from the matrix. Furthermore, results from immunostaining and real-time PCR demonstrated that BDNF@TA-PLGA/Dex-HA hydrogel could promote the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into neurons and inhibit astrocyte differentiation in vitro. These results show the great potential of this hydrogel as a biomimetic material in SCI regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Taiying Chen
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Faxue Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linwei Wu
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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24
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Xu ZX, Zhang LQ, Zhou YN, Chen XM, Xu WH. Histological and functional outcomes in a rat model of hemisected spinal cord with sustained VEGF/NT-3 release from tissue-engineered grafts. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:362-376. [PMID: 31899965 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1709860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular disturbance, excessive inflammation and gliosis are key pathophysiologic changes in relation to functional status following the traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Continuous release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to the lesion site was proved be able to promote the vascular remodelling, whereas the effects on reduction of inflammation and gliosis remain unclear. Currently, aiming at exploring the synergistic roles of VEGF and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) on angiogenesis, anti-inflammation and neural repair, we developed a technique to co-deliver VEGF165 and NT-3 locally with a homotopic graft of tissue-engineered acellular spinal cord scaffold (ASCS) in a hemisected (3 mm in length) SCI model. As the potential in secretion of growth factors (GFs), bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were introduced with the aim to enhance the VEGF/NT-3 release. Our data demonstrate that sustained VEGF/NT-3 release from ASCS significantly increases the local levels of VEGF/NT-3 and angiogenesis, regardless of whether it is in combination with BMSCs transplantation that exhibits positive effects on anti-inflammation, axonal outgrowth and locomotor recovery. This study verifies that co-delivery of VEGF/NT-3 reduces inflammation and gliosis in the hemisected spinal cord, promotes axonal outgrowth and results in better locomotor recovery, while the BMSCs transplantation facilitates these functions limitedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xing Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Nan Zhou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Min Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hong Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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25
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Jensen G, Holloway JL, Stabenfeldt SE. Hyaluronic Acid Biomaterials for Central Nervous System Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2020; 9:E2113. [PMID: 32957463 PMCID: PMC7565873 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a primary component of the brain extracellular matrix and functions through cellular receptors to regulate cell behavior within the central nervous system (CNS). These behaviors, such as migration, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation contribute to maintenance and homeostasis of the CNS. However, such equilibrium is disrupted following injury or disease leading to significantly altered extracellular matrix milieu and cell functions. This imbalance thereby inhibits inherent homeostatic processes that support critical tissue health and functionality in the CNS. To mitigate the damage sustained by injury/disease, HA-based tissue engineering constructs have been investigated for CNS regenerative medicine applications. HA's effectiveness in tissue healing and regeneration is primarily attributed to its impact on cell signaling and the ease of customizing chemical and mechanical properties. This review focuses on recent findings to highlight the applications of HA-based materials in CNS regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Jensen
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85224, USA;
| | - Julianne L. Holloway
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85224, USA;
| | - Sarah E. Stabenfeldt
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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26
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Sánchez-Torres S, Díaz-Ruíz A, Ríos C, Olayo MG, Cruz GJ, Olayo R, Morales J, Mondragón-Lozano R, Fabela-Sánchez O, Orozco-Barrios C, Coyoy-Salgado A, Orozco-Suárez S, González-Ruiz C, Álvarez-Mejía L, Morales-Guadarrama A, Buzoianu-Anguiano V, Damián-Matsumura P, Salgado-Ceballos H. Recovery of motor function after traumatic spinal cord injury by using plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine application in combination with a mixed rehabilitation scheme. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:58. [PMID: 32607849 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) can cause paralysis and permanent disability. Rehabilitation (RB) is currently the only accepted treatment, although its beneficial effect is limited. The development of biomaterials has provided therapeutic possibilities for TSCI, where our research group previously showed that the plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine (PPy/I), a biopolymer with different physicochemical characteristics than those of the PPy synthesized by conventional methods, promotes recovery of motor function after TSCI. The present study evaluated if the plasma-synthesized PPy/I applied in combination with RB could increase its beneficial effects and the mechanisms involved. Adult rats with TSCI were divided into no treatment (control); biopolymer (PPy/I); mixed RB by swimming and enriched environment (SW/EE); and combined treatment (PPy/I + SW/EE) groups. Eight weeks after TSCI, the general health of the animals that received any of the treatments was better than the control animals. Functional recovery evaluated by two scales was better and was achieved in less time with the PPy/I + SW/EE combination. All treatments significantly increased βIII-tubulin (nerve plasticity) expression, but only PPy/I increased GAP-43 (nerve regeneration) and MBP (myelination) expression when were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of GFAP (glial scar) decreased in treated groups when determined by histochemistry, while morphometric analysis showed that tissue was better preserved when PPy/I and PPy/I + SW/EE were administered. The application of PPy/I + SW/EE, promotes the preservation of nervous tissue, and the expression of molecules related to plasticity as βIII-tubulin, reduces the glial scar, improves general health and allows the recovery of motor function after TSCI. The implant of the biomaterial polypyrrole/iodine (PPy/I) synthesized by plasma (an unconventional synthesis method), in combination with a mixed rehabilitation scheme with swimming and enriched environment applied after a traumatic spinal cord injury, promotes expression of GAP-43 and βIII-tubulin (molecules related to plasticity and nerve regeneration) and reduces the expression of GFAP (molecule related to the formation of the glial scar). Both effects together allow the formation of nerve fibers, the reconnection of the spinal cord in the area of injury and the recovery of lost motor function. The figure shows the colocalization (yellow) of βIII-tubilin (red) and GAP-43 (green) in fibers crossing the epicenter of the injury (arrowheads) that reconnect the rostral and caudal ends of the injured spinal cord and allowed recovery of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Sánchez-Torres
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
- Doctorate in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
| | - Araceli Díaz-Ruíz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A, Mexico city, CP, 14269, Mexico
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A, Mexico city, CP, 14269, Mexico
| | - María G Olayo
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera Mexico-Toluca, km 36.5, Ocoyoacac, State of Mexico, CP, 52750, Mexico
| | - Guillermo J Cruz
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera Mexico-Toluca, km 36.5, Ocoyoacac, State of Mexico, CP, 52750, Mexico
| | - Roberto Olayo
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
| | - Juan Morales
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Mondragón-Lozano
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Fabela-Sánchez
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, San Rafael Atlixco 186, 09340, Iztapalapa, CDMX, México
- Catedrático CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna H. No. 140, San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila, 25294, México
| | - Carlos Orozco-Barrios
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Coyoy-Salgado
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Orozco-Suárez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
| | - Cristian González-Ruiz
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- Escuela Superior de Medicina-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Álvarez-Mejía
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera Mexico-Toluca, km 36.5, Ocoyoacac, State of Mexico, CP, 52750, Mexico
| | | | - Vinnitsa Buzoianu-Anguiano
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
| | - Pablo Damián-Matsumura
- Doctorate in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
| | - Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México.
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico.
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27
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Zheng K, Feng G, Zhang J, Xing J, Huang D, Lian M, Zhang W, Wu W, Hu Y, Lu X, Feng X. Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes human dental pulp stem cells cultured in 3D porous chitosan scaffolds to neural differentiation. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:625-633. [PMID: 32186218 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1744592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM/PURPOSE Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were widely used as seed cells in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including spinal cord injury (SCI) repair and other neuronal degenerative diseases, due to their easy isolation, multiple differentiation potential, low immunogenicity and low rates of rejection during transplantation. Various studies have shown that bFGF can enhance peripheral nerve regeneration after injury, and phospho-ERK (p-ERK) activation as a major mediator may be involved in this process. Previous studies also have proved that a suitable biomaterial scaffold can carry and transport the therapeutic cells effectively to the recipient area. It has showed in our earlier experiments that 3D porous chitosan scaffolds exhibited a suitable circumstance for survival and neural differentiation of DPSCs in vitro. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of chitosan scaffolds and bFGF on differentiation of DPSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In current study, DPSCs were cultured in chitosan scaffolds and treated with neural differentiation medium for 7 days. The neural genes and protein markers were analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, the relevant signaling pathway involved in this process was also tested. RESULTS Our study revealed that the viability of DPSCs was not influenced by co-culture with the chitosan scaffolds as well as bFGF. Compared with the control and DPSC/chitosan-scaffold groups, the levels of GFAP, S100β and β-tubulin III significantly increased in the DPSC/chitosan-scaffold+bFGF group. CONCLUSION Chitosan scaffolds were non-cytotoxic to the survival of DPSCs, and chitosan scaffolds combined with bFGF facilitated the neural differentiation of DPSCs. The transplantation of DPSCs/chitosan-scaffold+bFGF might be a secure and effective method of treating SCI and other neuronal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guijuan Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min Lian
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenli Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yingzi Hu
- Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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28
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Li X, Zhang C, Haggerty AE, Yan J, Lan M, Seu M, Yang M, Marlow MM, Maldonado-Lasunción I, Cho B, Zhou Z, Chen L, Martin R, Nitobe Y, Yamane K, You H, Reddy S, Quan DP, Oudega M, Mao HQ. The effect of a nanofiber-hydrogel composite on neural tissue repair and regeneration in the contused spinal cord. Biomaterials 2020; 245:119978. [PMID: 32217415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An injury to the spinal cord causes long-lasting loss of nervous tissue because endogenous nervous tissue repair and regeneration at the site of injury is limited. We engineered an injectable nanofiber-hydrogel composite (NHC) with interfacial bonding to provide mechanical strength and porosity and examined its effect on repair and neural tissue regeneration in an adult rat model of spinal cord contusion. At 28 days after treatment with NHC, the width of the contused spinal cord segment was 2-fold larger than in controls. With NHC treatment, tissue in the injury had a 2-fold higher M2/M1 macrophage ratio, 5-fold higher blood vessel density, 2.6-fold higher immature neuron presence, 2.4-fold higher axon density, and a similar glial scar presence compared with controls. Spared nervous tissue volume in the contused segment and hind limb function was similar between groups. Our findings indicated that NHC provided mechanical support to the contused spinal cord and supported pro-regenerative macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, axon growth, and neurogenesis in the injured tissue without any exogenous factors or cells. These results motivate further optimization of the NHC and delivery protocol to fully translate the potential of the unique properties of the NHC for treating spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, PR China
| | - Agnes E Haggerty
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jerry Yan
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael Lan
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michelle Seu
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mingyu Yang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Megan M Marlow
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Inés Maldonado-Lasunción
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Regeneration of Sensorimotor Systems, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movements Sciences, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Physiology Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brian Cho
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Zhengbing Zhou
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Russell Martin
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yohshiro Nitobe
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamane
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Kitaku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hua You
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, PR China
| | - Sashank Reddy
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Da-Ping Quan
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, PR China.
| | - Martin Oudega
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movements Sciences, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Physiology Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, PR China; Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines IL, 60141, USA.
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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29
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Zarei-Kheirabadi M, Sadrosadat H, Mohammadshirazi A, Jaberi R, Sorouri F, Khayyatan F, Kiani S. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells encapsulated in hyaluronic acid promotes regeneration in a contusion spinal cord injured rat. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:1118-1129. [PMID: 31982534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic damage that can causes a loss of neurons around the lesion site and resulting in locomotor and sensory deficits. Currently, there is widely attempts in improvement of treatment strategy and cell delivering to the central nervous system (CNS). The usage of hyaluronic acid (HA), the main components of the ECM in CNS tissue and neural stem cells (NSCs) niche, is a good selection that can increase of viability and differentiation of NSCs. Importantly, we demonstrate that encapsulation of human embryonic stem cell derived-neural stem cells (hESC-NS) in HA-based hydrogel can increased differentiation these cells into oligodendrocytes and improved locomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Zarei-Kheirabadi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Sadrosadat
- Department of Physiology, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Mohammadshirazi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Jaberi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sorouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Khayyatan
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghane N, Beigi MH, Labbaf S, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Kiani A. Design of hydrogel-based scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injuries. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10712-10738. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01842b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based scaffold design approaches for the treatment of spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Ghane
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology Cell Science Research Center
- Royan Institute for Biotechnology
- ACECR
- Isfahan
- Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Beigi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology Cell Science Research Center
- Royan Institute for Biotechnology
- ACECR
- Isfahan
- Iran
| | - Sheyda Labbaf
- Biomaterials Research Group
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Iran
| | | | - Amirkianoosh Kiani
- Silicon Hall: Micro/Nano Manufacturing Facility
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science
- Ontario Tech University
- Ontario
- Canada
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Nikolova MP, Chavali MS. Recent advances in biomaterials for 3D scaffolds: A review. Bioact Mater 2019; 4:271-292. [PMID: 31709311 PMCID: PMC6829098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the advantages and disadvantages of biomaterials used for the production of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering, new strategies for designing advanced functional biomimetic structures have been reviewed. We offer a comprehensive summary of recent trends in development of single- (metal, ceramics and polymers), composite-type and cell-laden scaffolds that in addition to mechanical support, promote simultaneous tissue growth, and deliver different molecules (growth factors, cytokines, bioactive ions, genes, drugs, antibiotics, etc.) or cells with therapeutic or facilitating regeneration effect. The paper briefly focuses on divers 3D bioprinting constructs and the challenges they face. Based on their application in hard and soft tissue engineering, in vitro and in vivo effects triggered by the structural and biological functionalized biomaterials are underlined. The authors discuss the future outlook for the development of bioactive scaffolds that could pave the way for their successful imposing in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Nikolova
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Ruse “A. Kanchev”, 8 Studentska Str., 7000, Ruse, Bulgaria
| | - Murthy S. Chavali
- Shree Velagapudi Ramakrishna Memorial College (PG Studies, Autonomous), Nagaram, 522268, Guntur District, India
- PG Department of Chemistry, Dharma Appa Rao College, Nuzvid, 521201, Krishna District, India
- MCETRC, Tenali, 522201, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Liu S, Xie YY, Wang B. Role and prospects of regenerative biomaterials in the repair of spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1352-1363. [PMID: 30964053 PMCID: PMC6524500 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.253512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal junction defects and an inhibitory environment after spinal cord injury seriously hinder the regeneration of damaged tissues and neuronal functions. At the site of spinal cord injury, regenerative biomaterials can fill cavities, deliver curative drugs, and provide adsorption sites for transplanted or host cells. Some regenerative biomaterials can also inhibit apoptosis, inflammation and glial scar formation, or further promote neurogenesis, axonal growth and angiogenesis. This review summarized a variety of biomaterial scaffolds made of natural, synthetic, and combined materials applied to spinal cord injury repair. Although these biomaterial scaffolds have shown a certain therapeutic effect in spinal cord injury repair, there are still many problems to be resolved, such as product standards and material safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xie
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Liaw K, Zhang Z, Kannan S. Neuronanotechnology for brain regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:3-18. [PMID: 31668648 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Identifying and harnessing regenerative pathways while suppressing the growth-inhibiting processes of the biological response to injury is the central goal of stimulating neurogenesis after central nervous system (CNS) injury. However, due to the complexity of the mature CNS involving a plethora of cellular pathways and extracellular cues, as well as difficulties in accessibility without highly invasive procedures, clinical successes of regenerative medicine for CNS injuries have been extremely limited. Current interventions primarily focus on stabilization and mitigation of further neuronal death rather than direct stimulation of neurogenesis. In the past few decades, nanotechnology has offered substantial innovations to the field of regenerative medicine. Their nanoscale features allow for the fine tuning of biological interactions for enhancing drug delivery and stimulating cellular processes. This review gives an overview of nanotechnology applications in CNS regeneration organized according to cellular and extracellular targets and discuss future directions for the field.
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Chen JC, Li LM, Gao JQ. Biomaterials for local drug delivery in central nervous system. Int J Pharm 2019; 560:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Zhang Q, Shi B, Ding J, Yan L, Thawani JP, Fu C, Chen X. Polymer scaffolds facilitate spinal cord injury repair. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:57-77. [PMID: 30710714 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, improving patient neurological recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a challenge. An effective treatment for SCI would not only reduce fractured elements and isolate developing local glial scars to promote axonal regeneration but also ameliorate secondary effects, including inflammation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds provide a platform in which these mechanisms can be addressed in a controlled manner. Polymer scaffolds with favorable biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties have been engineered to minimize cicatrization, customize drug release, and ensure an unobstructed space to promote cell growth and differentiation. These properties make polymer scaffolds an important potential therapeutic platform. This review highlights the recent developments in polymer scaffolds for SCI engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: How to improve the efficacy of neurological recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) is always a challenge. Tissue engineering provides a promising strategy for SCI repair, and scaffolds are one of the most important elements in addition to cells and inducing factors. The review highlights recent development and future prospects in polymer scaffolds for SCI therapy. The review will guide future studies by outlining the requirements and characteristics of polymer scaffold technologies employed against SCI. Additionally, the peculiar properties of polymer materials used in the therapeutic process of SCI also have guiding significance to other tissue engineering approaches.
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Martínez-Ramos C, Doblado LR, Mocholi EL, Alastrue-Agudo A, Petidier MS, Giraldo E, Pradas MM, Moreno-Manzano V. Biohybrids for spinal cord injury repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:509-521. [PMID: 30726582 DOI: 10.1002/term.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) result in the loss of sensory and motor function with massive cell death and axon degeneration. We have previously shown that transplantation of spinal cord-derived ependymal progenitor cells (epSPC) significantly improves functional recovery after acute and chronic SCI in experimental models, via neuronal differentiation and trophic glial cell support. Here, we propose an improved procedure based on transplantation of epSPC in a tubular conduit of hyaluronic acid containing poly (lactic acid) fibres creating a biohybrid scaffold. In vitro analysis showed that the poly (lactic acid) fibres included in the conduit induce a preferential neuronal fate of the epSPC rather than glial differentiation, favouring elongation of cellular processes. The safety and efficacy of the biohybrid implantation was evaluated in a complete SCI rat model. The conduits allowed efficient epSPC transfer into the spinal cord, improving the preservation of the neuronal tissue by increasing the presence of neuronal fibres at the injury site and by reducing cavities and cyst formation. The biohybrid-implanted animals presented diminished astrocytic reactivity surrounding the scar area, an increased number of preserved neuronal fibres with a horizontal directional pattern, and enhanced coexpression of the growth cone marker GAP43. The biohybrids offer an improved method for cell transplantation with potential capabilities for neuronal tissue regeneration, opening a promising avenue for cell therapies and SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martínez-Ramos
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez Doblado
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eric López Mocholi
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Alastrue-Agudo
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Esther Giraldo
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Monleón Pradas
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
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38
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Myelinated axons and functional blood vessels populate mechanically compliant rGO foams in chronic cervical hemisected rats. Biomaterials 2019; 192:461-474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Li M, Wang Y, Zhang J, Cao Z, Wang S, Zheng W, Li Q, Zheng T, Wang X, Xu Q, Chen Z. Culture of pyramidal neural precursors, neural stem cells, and fibroblasts on various biomaterials. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:2168-2186. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1528520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jidi Zhang
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Zheng
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biomimetic Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qunyuan Xu
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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Sheffield C, Meyers K, Johnson E, Rajachar RM. Application of Composite Hydrogels to Control Physical Properties in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Gels 2018; 4:E51. [PMID: 30674827 PMCID: PMC6209271 DOI: 10.3390/gels4020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials for the restoration of the normal tissue structure⁻function relationship in pathological conditions as well as acute and chronic injury is an area of intense investigation. More recently, the use of tailored or composite hydrogels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has sought to bridge the gap between natural tissues and applied biomaterials more clearly. By applying traditional concepts in engineering composites, these hydrogels represent hierarchical structured materials that translate more closely the key guiding principles required for improved recovery of tissue architecture and functional behavior, including physical, mass transport, and biological properties. For tissue-engineering scaffolds in general, and more specifically in composite hydrogel materials, each of these properties provide unique qualities that are essential for proper augmentation and repair following disease and injury. The broad focus of this review is on physical properties in particular, static and dynamic mechanical properties provided by composite hydrogel materials and their link to native tissue architecture and, ultimately, tissue-specific applications for composite hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy Sheffield
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
| | - Kaylee Meyers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
| | - Emil Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
| | - Rupak M Rajachar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
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41
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Haggerty AE, Maldonado-Lasunción I, Oudega M. Biomaterials for revascularization and immunomodulation after spinal cord injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:044105. [PMID: 29359704 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aaa9d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes immediate damage to the nervous tissue accompanied by loss of motor and sensory function. The limited self-repair competence of injured nervous tissue underscores the need for reparative interventions to recover function after SCI. The vasculature of the spinal cord plays a crucial role in SCI and repair. Ruptured and sheared blood vessels in the injury epicenter and blood vessels with a breached blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) in the surrounding tissue cause bleeding and inflammation, which contribute to the overall tissue damage. The insufficient formation of new functional vasculature in and near the injury impedes endogenous tissue repair and limits the prospect of repair approaches. Limiting the loss of blood vessels, stabilizing the BSCB, and promoting the formation of new blood vessels are therapeutic targets for spinal cord repair. Inflammation is an integral part of injury-mediated vascular damage, which has deleterious and reparative consequences. Inflammation and the formation of new blood vessels are intricately interwoven. Biomaterials can be effectively used for promoting and guiding blood vessel formation or modulating the inflammatory response after SCI, thereby governing the extent of damage and the success of reparative interventions. This review deals with the vasculature after SCI, the reciprocal interactions between inflammation and blood vessel formation, and the potential of biomaterials to support revascularization and immunomodulation in damaged spinal cord nervous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes E Haggerty
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
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Thompson RE, Pardieck J, Smith L, Kenny P, Crawford L, Shoichet M, Sakiyama-Elbert S. Effect of hyaluronic acid hydrogels containing astrocyte-derived extracellular matrix and/or V2a interneurons on histologic outcomes following spinal cord injury. Biomaterials 2018; 162:208-223. [PMID: 29459311 PMCID: PMC5851469 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
One reason for the lack of regeneration, and poor clinical outcomes, following central nervous system (CNS) injury is the formation of a glial scar that inhibits new axon growth. In addition to forming the glial scar, astrocytes have been shown to be important for spontaneous SCI recovery in rodents, suggesting some astrocyte populations are pro-regenerative, while others are inhibitory following injury. In this work, the effect of implanting hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels containing extracellular matrix (ECM) harvested from mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC)-derived astrocytes on histologic outcomes following SCI in rats was explored. In addition, the ability of HA hydrogels with and without ECM to support the transplantation of mESC-derived V2a interneurons was tested. The incorporation of ECM harvested from protoplasmic (grey matter) astrocytes, but not ECM harvested from fibrous (white matter) astrocytes, into hydrogels was found to reduce the size of the glial scar, increase axon penetration into the lesion, and reduce macrophage/microglia staining two weeks after implantation. HA hydrogels were also found to support transplantation of V2a interneurons and the presence of these cells caused an increase in neuronal processes both within the lesion and in the 500 μm surrounding the lesion. Overall, protoplasmic mESC-derived astrocyte ECM showed potential to treat CNS injury. In addition, ECM:HA hydrogels represent a novel scaffold with beneficial effects on histologic outcomes after SCI both with and without cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell E Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jennifer Pardieck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Laura Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Peter Kenny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Lindsay Crawford
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Molly Shoichet
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Shelly Sakiyama-Elbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Biomaterial Scaffolds in Regenerative Therapy of the Central Nervous System. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7848901. [PMID: 29805977 PMCID: PMC5899851 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7848901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is the most important section of the nervous system as it regulates the function of various organs. Injury to the CNS causes impairment of neurological functions in corresponding sites and further leads to long-term patient disability. CNS regeneration is difficult because of its poor response to treatment and, to date, no effective therapies have been found to rectify CNS injuries. Biomaterial scaffolds have been applied with promising results in regeneration medicine. They also show great potential in CNS regeneration for tissue repair and functional recovery. Biomaterial scaffolds are applied in CNS regeneration predominantly as hydrogels and biodegradable scaffolds. They can act as cellular supportive scaffolds to facilitate cell infiltration and proliferation. They can also be combined with cell therapy to repair CNS injury. This review discusses the categories and progression of the biomaterial scaffolds that are applied in CNS regeneration.
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Rocha LA, Sousa RA, Learmonth DA, Salgado AJ. The Role of Biomaterials as Angiogenic Modulators of Spinal Cord Injury: Mimetics of the Spinal Cord, Cell and Angiogenic Factor Delivery Agents. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:164. [PMID: 29535633 PMCID: PMC5835322 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents an extremely debilitating condition for which no efficacious treatment is available. One of the main contributors to the inhospitable environment found in SCI is the vascular disruption that happens at the moment of injury that compromises the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and triggers a cascade of events that includes infiltration of inflammatory cells, ischemia and intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Due to the unsatisfactory nature of revascularization following SCI, restoring vascular perfusion and the BSCB seems an interesting way of modulating the lesion environment into a regenerative phenotype, with a potential increase in functional recovery. Certain biomaterials possess interesting features to enhance SCI therapies, and in fact have been applied as angiogenic promoters in other pathologies. The present mini-review intends to highlight the contribution that biomaterials could make in the development of novel therapeutic solutions able to restore proper vascularization and the BSCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís A. Rocha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, Barco, Portugal
| | - Rui A. Sousa
- Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, Barco, Portugal
| | | | - António J. Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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Yao ZA, Chen FJ, Cui HL, Lin T, Guo N, Wu HG. Efficacy of chitosan and sodium alginate scaffolds for repair of spinal cord injury in rats. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:502-509. [PMID: 29623937 PMCID: PMC5900515 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.228756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury results in the loss of motor and sensory pathways and spontaneous regeneration of adult mammalian spinal cord neurons is limited. Chitosan and sodium alginate have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and are suitable to assist the recovery of damaged tissues, such as skin, bone and nerve. Chitosan scaffolds, sodium alginate scaffolds and chitosan-sodium alginate scaffolds were separately transplanted into rats with spinal cord hemisection. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores and electrophysiological results showed that chitosan scaffolds promoted recovery of locomotor capacity and nerve transduction of the experimental rats. Sixty days after surgery, chitosan scaffolds retained the original shape of the spinal cord. Compared with sodium alginate scaffolds- and chitosan-sodium alginate scaffolds-transplanted rats, more neurofilament-H-immunoreactive cells (regenerating nerve fibers) and less glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive cells (astrocytic scar tissue) were observed at the injury site of experimental rats in chitosan scaffold-transplanted rats. Due to the fast degradation rate of sodium alginate, sodium alginate scaffolds and composite material scaffolds did not have a supporting and bridging effect on the damaged tissue. Above all, compared with sodium alginate and composite material scaffolds, chitosan had better biocompatibility, could promote the regeneration of nerve fibers and prevent the formation of scar tissue, and as such, is more suitable to help the repair of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ang Yao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng-Jia Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hong-Li Cui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Lin
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hai-Ge Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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Führmann T, Anandakumaran PN, Shoichet MS. Combinatorial Therapies After Spinal Cord Injury: How Can Biomaterials Help? Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28247563 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in an immediate loss of motor and sensory function below the injury site and is associated with a poor prognosis. The inhibitory environment that develops in response to the injury is mainly due to local expression of inhibitory factors, scarring and the formation of cystic cavitations, all of which limit the regenerative capacity of endogenous or transplanted cells. Strategies that demonstrate promising results induce a change in the microenvironment at- and around the lesion site to promote endogenous cell repair, including axonal regeneration or the integration of transplanted cells. To date, many of these strategies target only a single aspect of SCI; however, the multifaceted nature of SCI suggests that combinatorial strategies will likely be more effective. Biomaterials are a key component of combinatorial strategies, as they have the potential to deliver drugs locally over a prolonged period of time and aid in cell survival, integration and differentiation. Here we summarize the advantages and limitations of widely used strategies to promote recovery after injury and highlight recent research where biomaterials aided combinatorial strategies to overcome some of the barriers of spinal cord regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Führmann
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research; 160 College Street, Room 514 Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; 200 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Priya N. Anandakumaran
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research; 160 College Street, Room 514 Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Molly S. Shoichet
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research; 160 College Street, Room 514 Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry; 200 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E5 Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St George St Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
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47
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Lv D, Zhou L, Zheng X, Hu Y. Sustained release of collagen VI potentiates sciatic nerve regeneration by modulating macrophage phenotype. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 45:1258-1267. [PMID: 28263445 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lv
- The graduate School; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
- Department of Orthopaedics; Pingjin Hospital; Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces; Tianjin China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province (Anhui); Stomatologic Hospital & College; Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Xianyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province (Anhui); Stomatologic Hospital & College; Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Yongcheng Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology; Tianjin Hospital; Tianjin 300210 China
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48
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A bridging SF/Alg composite scaffold loaded NGF for spinal cord injury repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:81-87. [PMID: 28482594 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurons loss and axons degeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) gradually give rise to result in functional motor and sensory impairment. A bridging biomaterial scaffold that allows the axons to grow through has been investigated for the repair of injured spinal cord. In this study, we introduced a silk fibroin (SF)-based neurobridge as scaffold enriched with/without nerve growth factor (NGF) that can be utilized as a therapeutic approach for spinal cord repair. NGF released from alginate (Alg) microspheres on SF scaffold (SF/Alg composites scaffolds) to the central lesion site of SCI significantly enhanced the sparing of spinal cord tissue and increased the number of surviving neurons. This optimal multi-disciplinary approach of combining biomaterials, controlled-release microspheres and neurotrophic factors offers a promising treatment for the injured spinal cord.
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Si HB, Zeng Y, Lu YR, Cheng JQ, Shen B. Control-released basic fibroblast growth factor-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres promote sciatic nerve regeneration in rats. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:429-436. [PMID: 28352311 PMCID: PMC5348676 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although peripheral nerve injury may result in a loss of function in innervated areas, the most effective method for nerve regeneration remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of control-released basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres on sciatic nerve regeneration following injury in rats. bFGF-PLGA microspheres were prepared and their characteristics were evaluated. The sciatic nerve was segmentally resected to create a 10 mm defect in 36 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and, following the anastomosis of the nerve ends with a silicone tube, bFGF-PLGA microspheres, free bFGF or PBS were injected into the tube (n=12 in each group). The outcome of nerve regeneration was evaluated using the sciatic function index (SFI), electrophysiological test and histological staining at 6 weeks and 12 weeks post-surgery. The bFGF-PLGA microspheres were successfully synthesized with an encapsulation efficiency of 66.43%. The recovery of SFI and electrophysiological values were significantly greater (P<0.05), and morphological and histological observations were significantly greater (P<0.05) in bFGF-PLGA microspheres and bFGF groups compared with those in the PBS group, and the quickest recovery was observed in the bFGF-PLGA microspheres group. In conclusion, the bFGF-PLGA microspheres may promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery in the sciatic nerve, and may have potential therapeutic applications in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Si
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Rong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Qiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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50
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Hodgetts SI, Harvey AR. Neurotrophic Factors Used to Treat Spinal Cord Injury. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2016; 104:405-457. [PMID: 28215303 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The application of neurotrophic factors as a therapy to improve morphological and behavioral outcomes after experimental spinal cord injury (SCI) has been the focus of many studies. These studies vary markedly in the type of neurotrophic factor that is delivered, the mode of administration, and the location, timing, and duration of the treatment. Generally, the majority of studies have had significant success if neurotrophic factors are applied in or close to the lesion site during the acute or the subacute phase after SCI. Comparatively fewer studies have administered neurotrophic factors in order to directly target the somata of injured neurons. The mode of delivery varies between acute injection of recombinant proteins, subacute or chronic delivery using a variety of strategies including osmotic minipumps, cell-mediated delivery, delivery using polymer release vehicles or supporting bridges of some sort, or the use of gene therapy to modify neurons, glial cells, or precursor/stem cells. In this brief review, we summarize the state of play of many of the therapies using these factors, most of which have been undertaken in rodent models of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Hodgetts
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - A R Harvey
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
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