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Burrow A, Maerz J. How plants affect amphibian populations. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1749-1767. [PMID: 35441800 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Descriptions of amphibian habitat, both aquatic and terrestrial, often include plants as characteristics but seldom is it understood whether and how those plants affect amphibian ecology. Understanding how plants affect amphibian populations is needed to develop strategies to combat declines of some amphibian populations. Using a systematic approach, we reviewed and synthesized available literature on the effects of plants on pond-breeding amphibians during the aquatic and terrestrial stages of their life cycle. Our review highlights that plant communities can strongly influence the distribution, abundance, and performance of amphibians in multiple direct and indirect ways. We found three broad themes of plants' influence on amphibians: plants can affect amphibians through effects on abiotic conditions including the thermal, hydric, and chemical aspects of an amphibian's environment; plants can have large effects on aquatic life stages through effects on resource quality and abundance; and plants can modify the nature and strength of interspecific interactions between amphibians and other species - notably predators. We synthesized insights gained from the literature to discuss how plant community management fits within efforts to manage amphibian populations and to guide future research efforts. While some topical areas are well researched, we found a general lack of mechanistic and trait-based work which is needed to advance our understanding of the drivers through which plants influence amphibian ecology. Our literature review reveals the substantial role that plants can have on amphibian ecology and the need for integrating plant and amphibian ecology to improve research and management outcomes for amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Burrow
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 180 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602-2152, U.S.A
| | - John Maerz
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 180 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602-2152, U.S.A
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2
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Native anurans threatened by the alien tree Ligustrum lucidum in a seasonal subtropical forest. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Burrow AK, Maerz JC. Experimental confirmation of effects of leaf litter type and light on tadpole performance for two priority amphibians. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela K. Burrow
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA
| | - John C. Maerz
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA
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4
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Zaynab M, Sharif Y, Abbas S, Afzal MZ, Qasim M, Khalofah A, Ansari MJ, Khan KA, Tao L, Li S. Saponin toxicity as key player in plant defense against pathogens. Toxicon 2021; 193:21-27. [PMID: 33508310 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens attack every plant tissue, including leaves, roots, shoots, and flowers during all growth stages. Thus, they cause several diseases resulting in a plant's failure or loss of the whole crop in severe cases. To combat the pathogens attack, plants produce some biologically active toxic compounds known as saponins. The saponins are secondary metabolic compounds produced in healthy plants with potential anti-pathogenic activity and serve as potential chemical barriers against pathogens. Saponins are classified into two major groups the steroidal and terpenoid saponins. Here, we reported the significance of saponin toxins in the war against insect pests, fungal, and bacterial pathogens. Saponins are present in both cultivated (chilies, spinach, soybean, quinoa, onion, oat, tea, etc.) and wild plant species. As they are natural toxic constituents of plant defense, breeders and plant researchers aiming to boost plant imm unity should focus on transferring these compounds in cash crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Zaynab
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China; Shenzhen Environmental Monitoring Center, Shenzhen, 518049, Guangdong, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Safdar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zohaib Afzal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects,Institute of Insect Science,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ahlam Khalofah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (MJP Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001, India
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Li Tao
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China.
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5
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Stoler AB, Relyea RA. Reviewing the role of plant litter inputs to forested wetland ecosystems: leafing through the literature. ECOL MONOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B. Stoler
- Department of Biological Sciences Darrin Fresh Water Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA
| | - Rick A. Relyea
- Department of Biological Sciences Darrin Fresh Water Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA
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6
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Bowe A, Dobson A, Blossey B. Impacts of invasive earthworms and deer on native ferns in forests of northeastern North America. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Dodd CE, Buchholz R. Apparent Maladaptive Oviposition Site Choice of Cope's Gray Treefrogs (Hyla chrysoscelis) When Offered an Array of Pond Conditions. COPEIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-18-049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Jackrel SL, Morton TC. Inducible phenotypic plasticity in plants regulates aquatic ecosystem functioning. Oecologia 2018; 186:895-906. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Borth EB, Custer KW, McEwan RW. Lethal effects of leaf leachate from the non-native invasive shrub Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on a model aquatic organism (Hyalella azteca). ECOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2018.1426261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Borth
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Kevin W. Custer
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Ryan W. McEwan
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
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10
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Curtis AN, Bidart MG. Effects of chemical management for invasive plants on the performance of Lithobates pipiens tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2958-2964. [PMID: 28498523 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Invasive plants impact amphibians by altering habitat, altering species interactions, and releasing potentially toxic secondary chemicals. Despite being costly and having the potential to affect nontarget wildlife, chemical management is commonly used to control invasive plants. Prior research has indicated that individual effects of invasive plants or herbicides can be harmful to aquatic organisms; however, information is lacking on the combined effect of these factors on amphibians. A laboratory experiment was performed to assess the impact of leachates of the invasive plants Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica), the herbicide Renovate® 3 (triclopyr [3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid]), and the combined effects of each plant leachate and the herbicide on the growth, morphology, and survival of northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens) tadpoles. No effects of treatment on survival were observed. Tadpole exposure to M. spicatum reduced body mass by 17%, exposure to R. cathartica increased body mass by 36%, and exposure to R. cathartica + low herbicide increased body mass by 38% (although only early in the experiment). Exposure to Renovate 3 induced a 16% and 29% decrease in tadpole size in lower (0.22 mg triclopyr active ingredient [a.i.]/L) and higher (0.92 mg triclopyr a.i./L) concentration treatments, respectively. Results from the present study highlight the importance of considering both individual and combined effects of invasive plants and herbicides because they may have different outcomes for tadpole growth and development. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2958-2964. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N Curtis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | - M Gabriela Bidart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
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11
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Crocker EV, Nelson EB, Blossey B. Soil conditioning effects of Phragmites australis on native wetland plant seedling survival. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:5571-5579. [PMID: 28808539 PMCID: PMC5551089 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between introduced plants and soils they colonize are central to invasive species success in many systems. Belowground biotic and abiotic changes can influence the success of introduced species as well as their native competitors. All plants alter soil properties after colonization but, in the case of many invasive plant species, it is unclear whether the strength and direction of these soil conditioning effects are due to plant traits, plant origin, or local population characteristics and site conditions in the invaded range. Phragmites australis in North America exists as a mix of populations of different evolutionary origin. Populations of endemic native Phragmites australis americanus are declining, while introduced European populations are important wetland invaders. We assessed soil conditioning effects of native and non-native P. australis populations on early and late seedling survival of native and introduced wetland plants. We further used a soil biocide treatment to assess the role of soil fungi on seedling survival. Survival of seedlings in soils colonized by P. australis was either unaffected or negatively affected; no species showed improved survival in P. australis-conditioned soils. Population of P. australis was a significant factor explaining the response of seedlings, but origin (native or non-native) was not a significant factor. Synthesis: Our results highlight the importance of phylogenetic control when assessing impacts of invasive species to avoid conflating general plant traits with mechanisms of invasive success. Both native (noninvasive) and non-native (invasive) P. australis populations reduced seedling survival of competing plant species. Because soil legacy effects of native and non-native P. australis are similar, this study suggests that the close phylogenetic relationship between the two populations, and not the invasive status of introduced P. australis, is more relevant to their soil-mediated impact on other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric B. Nelson
- Department of Plant PathologyCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
| | - Bernd Blossey
- Department of Natural ResourcesCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
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12
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Management of invasive Phragmites australis in the Adirondacks: a cautionary tale about prospects of eradication. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Detritus Quality Produces Species-Specific Tadpole Growth and Survivorship Responses in Experimental Wetlands. J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1670/16-091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Iglesias-Carrasco M, Head ML, Jennions MD, Cabido C. Secondary compounds from exotic tree plantations change female mating preferences in the palmate newt (Lissotriton helveticus
). J Evol Biol 2017; 30:1788-1795. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Iglesias-Carrasco
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; National Museum of Natural Sciences; Spanish National Research Council (CSIC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Herpetology; Aranzadi Science Society; Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - M. L. Head
- Division of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics; Research School of Biology; Australian National University; Canberra ACT Australia
| | - M. D. Jennions
- Division of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics; Research School of Biology; Australian National University; Canberra ACT Australia
- Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - C. Cabido
- Department of Herpetology; Aranzadi Science Society; Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
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15
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Stephens JP, Altman KA, Berven KA, Tiegs SD, Raffel TR. Bottom-up and trait-mediated effects of resource quality on amphibian parasitism. J Anim Ecol 2016; 86:305-315. [PMID: 28027571 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leaf litter subsidies are important resources for aquatic consumers like tadpoles and snails, causing bottom-up effects on wetland ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that variation in litter nutritional quality can be as important as litter quantity in driving these bottom-up effects. Resource subsidies likely also have indirect and trait-mediated effects on predation and parasitism, but these potential effects remain largely unexplored. We generated predictions for differential effects of litter nutrition and secondary polyphenolic compounds on tadpole (Lithobates sylvatica) exposure and susceptibility to Ribeiroia ondatrae, based on ecological stoichiometry and community-ecology theory. We predicted direct and indirect effects on key traits of the tadpole host (rates of growth, development and survival), the trematode parasite (production of the cercaria infective stages) and the parasite's snail intermediate host (growth and reproduction). To test these predictions, we conducted a large-scale mesocosm experiment using a natural gradient in the concentrations of nutrients (nitrogen) and toxic secondary compounds (polyphenolics) of nine leaf litter species. To differentiate between effects on exposure vs. susceptibility to infection, we included multiple infection experiments including one with constant per capita exposure. We found that increased litter nitrogen increased tadpole survival, and also increased cercaria production by the snail intermediate hosts, causing opposing effects on tadpole per capita exposure to trematode infection. Increased litter polyphenolics slowed tadpole development, leading to increased infection by increasing both their susceptibility to infection and the length of time they were exposed to parasites. Based on these results, recent shifts in forest composition towards more nitrogen-poor litter species should decrease trematode infection in tadpoles via density- and trait-mediated effects on the snail intermediate hosts. However, these shifts also involve increased abundance of litter species with high polyphenolic levels, which should increase trematode infection via trait-mediated effects on tadpoles. Future studies will be needed to determine the relative strength of these opposing effects in natural wetland communities. [Correction added after online publication on 5 January 2017: wording changed to 'which should increase trematode infection via trait-mediated effects on tadpoles'.].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karie A Altman
- Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd., Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Keith A Berven
- Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd., Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Scott D Tiegs
- Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd., Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Thomas R Raffel
- Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd., Rochester, MI, USA
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16
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Milanovich JR, Barrett K, Crawford JA. Detritus Quality and Locality Determines Survival and Mass, but Not Export, of Wood Frogs at Metamorphosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166296. [PMID: 27824915 PMCID: PMC5100973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-site experiments have demonstrated detritus quality in wetlands can have strongly negative, neutral, and even positive influences on wildlife. However, an examination of the influence of detritus quality across several regions is lacking and can provide information on whether impacts from variation in detritus quality are consistent across species with wide ranges. To address this gap in regional studies we examined effects of emergent and allochthonous detritus of different nutrient qualities on amphibians and assessed a mechanism that may contribute to potential impacts. We used aquatic mesocosms to raise wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) from two regions of the United States with whole plants from purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), leaf litter from native hardwood trees, and a mixture of both. We examined several metrics of amphibian fitness and life history, including survival, number of days to metamorphosis, and size at metamorphosis. Further, we quantified whether the effects of detritus type could translate to variation in anuran biomass or standing stock of nitrogen or phosphorus export. Our results show detritus with high nutrient quality (purple loosestrife) negatively influenced survival of wood frogs, but increased size of metamorphic individuals in two different regions of the United States. Despite the decrease in survival, the increase in size of post-metamorphic anurans raised with high quality detritus resulted in anuran biomass and standing stock of N and P export being similar across treatments at both locations. These results further demonstrate the role of plant quality in shaping wetland ecosystem dynamics, and represent the first demonstration that effects are consistent within species across ecoregional boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Milanovich
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kyle Barrett
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John A. Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, Missouri, United States of America
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17
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Blossey B, Casagrande RA. Biological control of invasive Phragmites may safeguard native Phragmites and increase wetland conservation values. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Stoler AB, Berven KA, Raffel TR. Leaf Litter Inhibits Growth of an Amphibian Fungal Pathogen. ECOHEALTH 2016; 13:392-404. [PMID: 26935822 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-016-1106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Past studies have found a heterogeneous distribution of the amphibian chytrid fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Recent studies have accounted for some of this heterogeneity through a positive association between canopy cover and Bd abundance, which is attributed to the cooling effect of canopy cover. We questioned whether leaf litter inputs that are also associated with canopy cover might also alter Bd growth. Leaf litter inputs exhibit tremendous interspecific chemical variation, and we hypothesized that Bd growth varies with leachate chemistry. We also hypothesized that Bd uses leaf litter as a growth substrate. To test these hypotheses, we conducted laboratory trials in which we exposed cultures of Bd to leachate of 12 temperate leaf litter species at varying dilutions. Using a subset of those 12 litter species, we also exposed Bd to pre-leached litter substrate. We found that exposure to litter leachate and substrate reduced Bd spore and sporangia densities, although there was substantial variation among treatments. In particular, Bd densities were inversely correlated with concentrations of phenolic acids. We conducted a field survey of phenolic concentrations in natural wetlands which verified that the leachate concentrations in our lab study are ecologically relevant. Our study reinforces prior indications that positive associations between canopy cover and Bd abundance are likely mediated by water temperature effects, but this phenomenon might be counteracted by changes in aquatic chemistry from leaf litter inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B Stoler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.
- 1115 Center for Biotechnology and Integrative Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
| | - Keith A Berven
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Thomas R Raffel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
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19
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Crocker EV, Lanzafane JJ, Karp MA, Nelson EB. Overwintering seeds as reservoirs for seedling pathogens of wetland plant species. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen V. Crocker
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Justin J. Lanzafane
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Mary Ann Karp
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Eric B. Nelson
- School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
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20
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Holzer KA, Lawler SP. Introduced reed canary grass attracts and supports a common native amphibian. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. Holzer
- Department of Entomology and Nematology; University of California; Davis, One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Sharon P. Lawler
- Department of Entomology and Nematology; University of California; Davis, One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
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21
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Bucciarelli GM, Blaustein AR, Garcia TS, Kats LB. Invasion Complexities: The Diverse Impacts of Nonnative Species on Amphibians. COPEIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1643/ot-14-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Martin LJ, Rainford SK, Blossey B. Effects of plant litter diversity, species, origin and traits on larval toad performance. OIKOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Martin
- Dept of Natural Resources; Cornell University; Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | | | - Bernd Blossey
- Dept of Natural Resources; Cornell University; Ithaca NY 14853 USA
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23
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Morrongiello JR, Bond NR, Crook DA, Wong BBM. Intraspecific variation in the growth and survival of juvenile fish exposed to Eucalyptus leachate. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:3855-67. [PMID: 24198944 PMCID: PMC3810879 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst changes in freshwater assemblages along gradients of environmental stress have been relatively well studied, we know far less about intraspecific variation to these same stressors. A stressor common in fresh waters worldwide is leachates from terrestrial plants. Leachates alter the physiochemical environment of fresh waters by lowering pH and dissolved oxygen and also releasing toxic compounds such as polyphenols and tannins, all of which can be detrimental to aquatic organisms. We investigated how chronic exposure to Eucalyptus leaf leachate affected the growth and survival of juvenile southern pygmy perch (Nannoperca australis) collected from three populations with different litter inputs, hydrology and observed leachate concentrations. Chronic exposure to elevated leachate levels negatively impacted growth and survival, but the magnitude of these lethal and sublethal responses was conditional on body size and source population. Bigger fish had increased survival at high leachate levels but overall slower growth rates. Body size also varied among populations and fish from the population exposed to the lowest natural leachate concentrations had the highest average stress tolerance. Significant intraspecific variation in both growth and survival caused by Eucalyptus leachate exposure indicates that the magnitude (but not direction) of these stress responses varies across the landscape. This raises the potential for leachate-induced selection to operate at an among-population scale. The importance of body size demonstrates that the timing of leachate exposure during ontogeny is central in determining the magnitude of biological response, with early life stages being most vulnerable. Overall, we demonstrate that Eucalyptus leachates are prevalent and potent selective agents that can trigger important sublethal impacts, beyond those associated with more familiar fish kills, and reiterate that dissolved organic carbon is more than just an energy source in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Morrongiello
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia ; eWater Cooperative Research Centre Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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