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Du K, Xiao Y, Liu Q, Wu X, Jiang J, Wu J, Fang Y, Xiang Y, Wang Y. Abnormal tapetum development and energy metabolism associated with sterility in SaNa-1A CMS of Brassica napus L. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:545-558. [PMID: 30706138 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02385-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal tapetum degradation and anther development in cytoplasmic male sterility SaNa-1A are the main reasons for the anther abortion. SaNa-1A is a novel cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line of Brassica napus derived from somatic hybrids of B. napus-Sinapis alba, and SaNa-1B is the corresponding maintainer line. Ultrastructural comparison between developing anthers of sterile and maintainer lines revealed abnormal subcellular structure of pollen mother cells (PMCs) in the CMS line. The PMC volume and size of nucleus and nucleolus in the CMS line were smaller than those in the maintainer line. The abnormal tapetum cell development and delayed tapetum degradation inhibited microspore development. Finally, anther abortion in the CMS line occurred. Physiological and biochemical analyses of developing anthers and mitochondria revealed that over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the SaNa-1A and deficiency in antioxidant enzyme system aggravated the oxidization of membrane lipids, resulting in malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in anthers. High MDA content in the CMS line was toxic to the cells. ROS accumulation in SaNa-1A also affected anther development. Abnormal structure and function of terminal oxidase, which participates in the electron transport chain of mitochondrial membrane, were observed and affected the activity of cytochrome c oxidase and F1F0-ATPase, which inhibited ATP biosynthesis. Proline deficiency in SaNa-1A also affected anther development. Few hybridization signals of programmed cell death (PCD) in tetrads of SaNa-1A were identified using TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling assay. PCD was not obvious in tapetum cells of SaNa-1A until the unicellular stage. These results validated the cytological differences mentioned above, and proved that abnormal tapetum degradation and anther development in SaNa-1A were the main reasons for the anther abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Du
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yuyue Xiao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qier Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yujie Fang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550008, China
| | - Youping Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Ahmed B, Khan MS, Musarrat J. Toxicity assessment of metal oxide nano-pollutants on tomato (Solanum lycopersicon): A study on growth dynamics and plant cell death. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:802-816. [PMID: 29783198 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study for the first time demonstrated the interactions of metal oxide (MO) nano-pollutants (CuO and Al2O3-NPs) with tissues and cellular DNA of tomato plants grown in soil sand: silt: clay (667:190:143) and Hoagland-hydroponic system and assessed the hazardous effects of NPs on cell physiology and biochemistry. Results of SEM equipped with EDX revealed attachment of variably shaped CuO-NPs (18 nm) and Al2O3-NPs (21 nm) on roots, and internalization followed by translocation in plants by ICP-MS and TEM. Significant variations in foliage surface area, chlorophyll, proteins, LPO, and antioxidant enzymes were recorded. Roots and shoots accumulated 225.8 ± 8.9 and 70.5 ± 4 μgAl g-1 DW, whereas Cu accumulation was 341.6 ± 14.3 (roots) and 146.9 ± 8.1 μg g-1 DW (shoots) which was significant (p ≤ 0.0005) as compared to control. The total soluble protein content in roots, shoots, and leaves collected from Al2O3-NPs treated plants increased by 120, 80, and 132%, respectively while in CuO-NPs treatments, the increase was 68 (roots), 36 (shoots), and 86% (leaves) over control. The level of antioxidant enzymes in plant tissues was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher at 2000 μg ml-1 of MONPs over control. A dose-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), biphasic change of lower and higher fluorescence in mitochondria due to dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and membrane defects using propidium iodide were observed. Comparatively, CuO-NPs induced higher toxicity than Al2O3-NPs. Perceptible changes in proteins (amide-I & II), cellulose, glucose, galactose and other carbohydrates were observed under FT-IR. The binding studies with TmDNA showed fluorescence quenching of EtBr-TmDNA and acridine orange-TmDNA complex only by CuO-NPs with -ΔG and +ΔH and +ΔS values. However, Al2O3-NPs induced lesser change in TmDNA conformation. Conclusively, the results are novel in better demonstrating the mechanistic basis of nano-phyto-toxicity and are important which could be used to develop strategies for safe disposal of Al2O3-NPs and CuO-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
| | - Mohammad Saghir Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Javed Musarrat
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; School of Biosciences and Biodiversity, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, J & K, India
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Xiong J, Tao T, Luo Z, Yan S, Liu Y, Yu X, Liu G, Xia H, Luo L. RNA Editing Responses to Oxidative Stress between a Wild Abortive Type Male-Sterile Line and Its Maintainer Line. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2023. [PMID: 29234339 PMCID: PMC5712406 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
RNA editing of mitochondrial gene transcripts plays a central role during plant development and evolutionary adaptation. RNA editing has previously been reported to differ between the rice cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line and its maintainer line, which has been suggested as a cause for their different performances under environmental stress. To specifically test this hypothesis, a wild abortive (WA) CMS line (Huhan-1A) and its maintainer line (Huhan-1B) were utilized to investigate performances in response to oxidative stress, as well as RNA editing efficiencies on transcripts of six selected mitochondrial genes. Compared to the maintainer line, Huhan-1A represented both lower plant height and total antioxidant capacity, possessed higher total soluble protein and chlorophyll contents, accumulated less H2O2 content on the 3rd day after treatment (DAT), and exhibited higher survival ratio after re-watering. Furthermore, a total of 90 editing sites were detected on transcripts of six mitochondrial genes (atp9, nad2, nad7, nad9, ccmB, and ccmC) in both Huhan-1A and Huhan-1B on the 0, 1st, and 3rd DAT. Forty-eight sites were furthermore determined as stress-responsive sites (SRS). Generally, in response to oxidative stress, SRS in Huhan-1A increased the resulting editing efficiencies, while SRS in Huhan-1B decreased the resulting editing efficiencies. In addition, 33 and 22 sites at ccmB and ccmC were differentially edited between Huhan-1A and Huhan-1B, respectively, on the 0, 1st, and 3rd DAT. Editing efficiencies of ccmB and ccmC were generally lower in Huhan-1A (ccmB, 37.3-47.8%; ccmC, 41.2-52.3%) than those in Huhan-1B (ccmB, 82.6-86.5%; ccmC, 81.0-82.9%). Deficiencies of RNA editing in Huhan-1A at ccmB and ccmC could lead to the loss of transmembrane domains in their protein structures. Consequently, differences in RNA editing at ccmB and ccmC between the WA-CMS line and its maintainer line partially explained their different performances under stress. Moreover, we detected differences in expressions of pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) genes between both lines, as well as significant correlations with RNA editing. Our study indicated potential associations of RNA editing and PPR genes in rice tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of stress-adaptation, which are attributed to RNA editing on transcripts of mitochondrial genes, require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Tao
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaigang Yan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinqiao Yu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolan Liu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Xia
| | - Lijun Luo
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
- Lijun Luo
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Faisal M, Saquib Q, Alatar AA, Al-Khedhairy AA, Hegazy AK, Musarrat J. Phytotoxic hazards of NiO-nanoparticles in tomato: a study on mechanism of cell death. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 250-251:318-32. [PMID: 23474406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) in the concentration range of 0.025-2.0mg/ml were examined for the induction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis/necrosis in tomato seedling roots, as an in vivo model for nanotoxicity assessment in plants. Compared to the control, catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in 2.0mg/ml NiO-NPs treatments exhibited 6.8, 3.7, 1.7 and 2.6-fold higher activities of antioxidative enzymes. At 2.0mg/ml, 122% and 125.4% increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of seedling roots confirmed the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Comet assay exhibited a significant increase in the number of apoptotic (21.8%) and necrotic (24.0%) cells in 2.0mg/ml treatment groups vis-á-vis in control 7% apoptotic and 9.6% of necrotic cells were observed. Flow cytometric analysis revealed 65.7% of apoptotic/necrotic cell populations and 2.14-fold higher caspase-3 like protease activity were recorded in 2.0mg/ml treatment groups. Ultrastructure analysis revealed NiO-NPs translocation, nuclear condensation, abundance in peroxisomes and degenerated mitochondrial cristae. The dissolution of Ni ions from NiO-NPs signifies its potential to induce cell death presumably by Ni ions, triggering the mitochondrial dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faisal
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Satori CP, Henderson MM, Krautkramer EA, Kostal V, Distefano MM, Arriaga EA. Bioanalysis of eukaryotic organelles. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2733-811. [PMID: 23570618 PMCID: PMC3676536 DOI: 10.1021/cr300354g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad P. Satori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Michelle M. Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Elyse A. Krautkramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Vratislav Kostal
- Tescan, Libusina trida 21, Brno, 623 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry ASCR, Veveri 97, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Mark M. Distefano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
| | - Edgar A. Arriaga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 55455
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Hosseini MJ, Shaki F, Ghazi-Khansari M, Pourahmad J. Toxicity of vanadium on isolated rat liver mitochondria: a new mechanistic approach. Metallomics 2013; 5:152-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20198d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Satori CP, Kostal V, Arriaga EA. Review on recent advances in the analysis of isolated organelles. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 753:8-18. [PMID: 23107131 PMCID: PMC3484375 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of isolated organelles is one of the pillars of modern bioanalytical chemistry. This review describes recent developments on the isolation and characterization of isolated organelles both from living organisms and cell cultures. Salient reports on methods to release organelles focused on reproducibility and yield, membrane isolation, and integrated devices for organelle release. New developments on organelle fractionation after their isolation were on the topics of centrifugation, immunocapture, free flow electrophoresis, flow field-flow fractionation, fluorescence activated organelle sorting, laser capture microdissection, and dielectrophoresis. New concepts on characterization of isolated organelles included atomic force microscopy, optical tweezers combined with Raman spectroscopy, organelle sensors, flow cytometry, capillary electrophoresis, and microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad P Satori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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