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de Jesús-Campos D, García-Ortega LF, Fimbres-Olivarría D, Herrera-Estrella L, López-Elías JA, Hayano-Kanashiro C. Transcriptomic analysis of Chaetoceros muelleri in response to different nitrogen concentrations reveals the activation of pathways to enable efficient nitrogen uptake. Gene 2024; 924:148589. [PMID: 38777108 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen is the principal nutrient deficiency that increases lipids and carbohydrate content in diatoms but negatively affects biomass production. Marine diatom Chaetoceros muelleri is characterized by lipid and carbohydrate accumulation under low nitrogen concentration without affecting biomass. To elucidate the molecular effects of nitrogen concentrations, we performed an RNA-seq analysis of C. muelleri grown under four nitrogen concentrations (3.53 mM, 1.76 mM, 0.44 mM, and 0.18 mM of NaNO3). This research revealed that changes in global transcription in C. muelleri are differentially expressed by nitrogen concentration. "Energetic metabolism", "Carbohydrate metabolism" and "Lipid metabolism" pathways were identified as the most upregulated by N deficiency. Due to N limitation, alternative pathways to self-supply nitrogen employed by microalgal cells were identified. Additionally, nitrogen limitation decreased chlorophyll content and caused a greater response at the transcriptional level with a higher number of unigenes differentially expressed. By contrast, the highest N concentration (3.53 mM) recorded the lowest number of differentially expressed genes. Amt1, Nrt2, Fad2, Skn7, Wrky19, and Dgat2 genes were evaluated by RT-qPCR. In conclusion, C. muelleri modify their metabolic pathways to optimize nitrogen utilization and minimize nitrogen losses. On the other hand, the assembled transcriptome serves as the basis for metabolic engineering focused on improving the quantity and quality of the diatom for biotechnological applications. However, proteomic and metabolomic analysis is also required to compare gene expression, protein, and metabolite accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaristelma de Jesús-Campos
- Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de la Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo-Sonora CP 83000, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernando García-Ortega
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato-Guanajuato Zip Code 36821, Mexico
| | - Diana Fimbres-Olivarría
- Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de la Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo-Sonora CP 83000, Mexico
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Plant and Soil Science Department, Texas Tech University, 79409 Lubbock, TX, USA; Unidad de Genómica Avanzada/LANGEBIO, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato-Guanajuato Zip Code 36821, Mexico
| | - José Antonio López-Elías
- Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de la Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo-Sonora CP 83000, Mexico.
| | - Corina Hayano-Kanashiro
- Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de la Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo-Sonora CP 83000, Mexico.
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Rehman S, Bahadur S, Xia W. Unlocking nature's secrets: The pivotal role of WRKY transcription factors in plant flowering and fruit development. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112150. [PMID: 38857658 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factor family is a key player in the regulatory mechanisms of flowering plants, significantly influencing both their biotic and abiotic response systems as well as being vital to numerous physiological and biological functions. Over the past two decades, the functionality of WRKY proteins has been the subject of extensive research in over 50 plant species, with a strong focus on their roles in responding to various stresses. Despite this extensive research, there remains a notable gap in comprehensive studies aimed at understanding how specific WRKY genes directly influence the timing of flowering and fruit development. This review offers an up-to-date look at WRKY family genes and provides insights into the key genes of WRKY to control flowering, enhance fruit ripening and secondary metabolism synthesis, and maintain fruit quality of various plants, including annuals, perennials, medicinal, and crop plants. The WRKY transcription factors serve as critical regulators within the transcriptional regulatory network, playing a crucial role in the precise enhancement of flowering processes. It is also involved in the up-regulation of fruit ripening was strongly demonstrated by combined transcriptomics and metabolomic investigation. Therefore, we speculated that the WRKY family is known to be a key regulator of flowering and fruiting in plants. This detailed insight will enable the identification of the series of molecular occurrences featuring WRKY proteins throughout the stages of flowering and fruiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institution, Hainan University, Sanya, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institution, Hainan University, Sanya, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Vodiasova E, Sinchenko A, Khvatkov P, Dolgov S. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterisation, and Evolution of the Transcription Factor WRKY in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera): New View and Update. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6241. [PMID: 38892428 PMCID: PMC11172563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
WRKYs are a multigenic family of transcription factors that are plant-specific and involved in the regulation of plant development and various stress response processes. However, the evolution of WRKY genes is not fully understood. This family has also been incompletely studied in grapevine, and WRKY genes have been named with different numbers in different studies, leading to great confusion. In this work, 62 Vitis vinifera WRKY genes were identified based on six genomes of different cultivars. All WRKY genes were numbered according to their chromosomal location, and a complete revision of the numbering was performed. Amino acid variability between different cultivars was assessed for the first time and was greater than 5% for some WRKYs. According to the gene structure, all WRKYs could be divided into two groups: more exons/long length and fewer exons/short length. For the first time, some chimeric WRKY genes were found in grapevine, which may play a specific role in the regulation of different processes: VvWRKY17 (an N-terminal signal peptide region followed by a non-cytoplasmic domain) and VvWRKY61 (Frigida-like domain). Five phylogenetic clades A-E were revealed and correlated with the WRKY groups (I, II, III). The evolution of WRKY was studied, and we proposed a WRKY evolution model where there were two dynamic phases of complexity and simplification in the evolution of WRKY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Vodiasova
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (A.S.); (P.K.); (S.D.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Sinchenko
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (A.S.); (P.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Pavel Khvatkov
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (A.S.); (P.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergey Dolgov
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (A.S.); (P.K.); (S.D.)
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 142290 Puschino, Russia
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Fuertes-Aguilar J, Matilla AJ. Transcriptional Control of Seed Life: New Insights into the Role of the NAC Family. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5369. [PMID: 38791407 PMCID: PMC11121595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression by binding to specific sequences on DNA through their DNA-binding domain (DBD), a universal process. This update conveys information about the diverse roles of TFs, focusing on the NACs (NAM-ATAF-CUC), in regulating target-gene expression and influencing various aspects of plant biology. NAC TFs appeared before the emergence of land plants. The NAC family constitutes a diverse group of plant-specific TFs found in mosses, conifers, monocots, and eudicots. This update discusses the evolutionary origins of plant NAC genes/proteins from green algae to their crucial roles in plant development and stress response across various plant species. From mosses and lycophytes to various angiosperms, the number of NAC proteins increases significantly, suggesting a gradual evolution from basal streptophytic green algae. NAC TFs play a critical role in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance, with their function conserved in angiosperms. Furthermore, the modular organization of NACs, their dimeric function, and their localization within cellular compartments contribute to their functional versatility and complexity. While most NAC TFs are nuclear-localized and active, a subset is found in other cellular compartments, indicating inactive forms until specific cues trigger their translocation to the nucleus. Additionally, it highlights their involvement in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced programmed cell death (PCD) by activating the vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) gene. Moreover, this update provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse roles of NAC TFs in plants, including their participation in ER stress responses, leaf senescence (LS), and growth and development. Notably, NACs exhibit correlations with various phytohormones (i.e., ABA, GAs, CK, IAA, JA, and SA), and several NAC genes are inducible by them, influencing a broad spectrum of biological processes. The study of the spatiotemporal expression patterns provides insights into when and where specific NAC genes are active, shedding light on their metabolic contributions. Likewise, this review emphasizes the significance of NAC TFs in transcriptional modules, seed reserve accumulation, and regulation of seed dormancy and germination. Overall, it effectively communicates the intricate and essential functions of NAC TFs in plant biology. Finally, from an evolutionary standpoint, a phylogenetic analysis suggests that it is highly probable that the WRKY family is evolutionarily older than the NAC family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel J. Matilla
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 14971 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Zhao X, Qi G, Liu J, Chen K, Miao X, Hussain J, Liu S, Ren H. Genome-wide identification of WRKY transcription factors in Casuarina equisetifolia and the function analysis of CeqWRKY11 in response to NaCl/NaHCO 3 stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:376. [PMID: 38714947 PMCID: PMC11077731 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia) is a woody species with many excellent features. It has natural resistance against drought, salt and saline-alkali stresses. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play significant roles in plant response to abiotic stresses, therefore, molecular characterization of WRKY gene family under abiotic stresses holds great significance for improvement of forest trees through molecular biological tools. At present, WRKY TFs from C. equisetifolia have not been thoroughly studied with respect to their role in salt and saline-alkali stresses response. The current study was conducted to bridge the same knowledge gap. RESULTS A total of 64 WRKYs were identified in C. equisetifolia and divided into three major groups i.e. group I, II and III, consisting of 10, 42 and 12 WRKY members, respectively. The WRKY members in group II were further divided into 5 subgroups according to their homology with Arabidopsis counterparts. WRKYs belonging to the same group exhibited higher similarities in gene structure and the presence of conserved motifs. Promoter analysis data showed the presence of various response elements, especially those related to hormone signaling and abiotic stresses, such as ABRE (ABA), TGACG (MeJA), W-box ((C/T) TGAC (T/C)) and TC-rich motif. Tissue specific expression data showed that CeqWRKYs were mainly expressed in root under normal growth conditions. Furthermore, most of the CeqWRKYs were up-regulated by NaCl and NaHCO3 stresses with few of WRKYs showing early responsiveness to both stresses while few others exhibiting late response. Although the expressions of CeqWRKYs were also induced by cold stress, the response was delayed compared with other stresses. Transgenic C. equisetifolia plants overexpressing CeqWRKY11 displayed lower electrolyte leakage, higher chlorophyll content, and enhanced tolerance to both stresses. The higher expression of abiotic stress related genes, especially CeqHKT1 and CeqPOD7, in overexpression lines points to the maintenance of optimum Na+/K+ ratio, and ROS scavenging as possible key molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that CeqWRKYs might be key regulators of NaCl and NaHCO3 stresses response in C. equisetifolia. In addition, positive correlation of CeqWRKY11 expression with increased stress tolerance in C. equisetifolia encourages further research on other WRKY family members through functional genomic tools. The best candidates could be incorporated in other woody plant species for improving stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jinhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Kui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xinxin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
| | - Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
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Javed T, Wang W, Yang B, Shen L, Sun T, Gao SJ, Zhang S. Pathogenesis related-1 proteins in plant defense: regulation and functional diversity. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38719539 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2344583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Climate change-related environmental stresses can negatively impact crop productivity and pose a threat to sustainable agriculture. Plants have a remarkable innate ability to detect a broad array of environmental cues, including stresses that trigger stress-induced regulatory networks and signaling pathways. Transcriptional activation of plant pathogenesis related-1 (PR-1) proteins was first identified as an integral component of systemic acquired resistance in response to stress. Consistent with their central role in immune defense, overexpression of PR-1s in diverse plant species is frequently used as a marker for salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense responses. Recent advances demonstrated how virulence effectors, SA signaling cascades, and epigenetic modifications modulate PR-1 expression in response to environmental stresses. We and others showed that transcriptional regulatory networks involving PR-1s could be used to improve plant resilience to stress. Together, the results of these studies have re-energized the field and provided long-awaited insights into a possible function of PR-1s under extreme environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Javed
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Wenzhi Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, China
| | - Benpeng Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Linbo Shen
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - San-Ji Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, China
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Yu H, Li J, Chang X, Dong N, Chen B, Wang J, Zha L, Gui S. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the WRKY gene family reveals abiotic stress response mechanisms in Platycodon grandiflorus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128617. [PMID: 38070802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The WRKY family of transcription factors (TFs) is an important gene family involved in abiotic stress responses. Although the roles of WRKY TFs in plant abiotic stress responses are well studied, little is known about the stress-induced changes in WRKY family in Platycodon grandiflorus. 42 PgWRKY genes in seven subgroups were identified in the P. grandiflorus genome. The content of eight platycodins in P. grandiflorus was investigated under cold, heat, and drought stresses. Platycodin D levels significantly increased under three abiotic stresses, while the content changes of other platycodins varied. Transcriptome analysis showed that different WRKY family members exhibited varied expression patterns under different abiotic stresses. PgWRKY20, PgWRKY26, and PgWRKY39 were identified as three key candidates for temperature and drought stress responses, and were cloned and analysed for sequence characteristics, gene structure, subcellular localisation, and expression patterns. The RT-qPCR results showed that PgWRKY26 expression significantly increased after heat stress for 48 h, cold stress for 6 h, and drought stress for 2 d (DS_2 d). The PgWRKY39 expression level significantly increased at DS_2 d. This study provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism of the abiotic stress responses of the WRKY gene family in P. grandiflorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xiangwei Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Nan Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Bowen Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jutao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Liangping Zha
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Institute of Conservation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Shuangying Gui
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, China.
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8
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Tian J, Zhang J, Francis F. The role and pathway of VQ family in plant growth, immunity, and stress response. PLANTA 2023; 259:16. [PMID: 38078967 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review provides a detailed description of the function and mechanism of VQ family gene, which is helpful for further research and application of VQ gene resources to improve crops. Valine-glutamine (VQ) motif-containing proteins are a large class of transcriptional regulatory cofactors. VQ proteins have their own unique molecular characteristics. Amino acids are highly conserved only in the VQ domain, while other positions vary greatly. Most VQ genes do not contain introns and the length of their proteins is less than 300 amino acids. A majority of VQ proteins are predicted to be localized in the nucleus. The promoter of many VQ genes contains stress or growth related elements. Segment duplication and tandem duplication are the main amplification mechanisms of the VQ gene family in angiosperms and gymnosperms, respectively. Purification selection plays a crucial role in the evolution of many VQ genes. By interacting with WRKY, MAPK, and other proteins, VQ proteins participate in the multiple signaling pathways to regulate plant growth and development, as well as defense responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although there have been some reports on the VQ gene family in plants, most of them only identify family members, with little functional verification, and there is also a lack of complete, detailed, and up-to-date review of research progress. Here, we comprehensively summarized the research progress of VQ genes that have been published so far, mainly including their molecular characteristics, biological functions, importance of VQ motif, and working mechanisms. Finally, the regulatory network and model of VQ genes were drawn, a precise molecular breeding strategy based on VQ genes was proposed, and the current problems and future prospects were pointed out, providing a powerful reference for further research and utilization of VQ genes in plant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Tian
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
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Wang M, Fan X, Ding F. Jasmonate: A Hormone of Primary Importance for Temperature Stress Response in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4080. [PMID: 38140409 PMCID: PMC10748343 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a critical environmental factor that plays a vital role in plant growth and development. Temperatures below or above the optimum ranges lead to cold or heat stress, respectively. Temperature stress retards plant growth and development, and it reduces crop yields. Jasmonates (JAs) are a class of oxylipin phytohormones that play various roles in growth, development, and stress response. In recent years, studies have demonstrated that cold and heat stress affect JA biosynthesis and signaling, and JA plays an important role in the response to temperature stress. Recent studies have provided a large body of information elucidating the mechanisms underlying JA-mediated temperature stress response. In the present review, we present recent advances in understanding the role of JA in the response to cold and heat stress, and how JA interacts with other phytohormones during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
| | | | - Fei Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
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10
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Song X, Hou X, Zeng Y, Jia D, Li Q, Gu Y, Miao H. Genome-wide identification and comprehensive analysis of WRKY transcription factor family in safflower during drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16955. [PMID: 37805641 PMCID: PMC10560227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY family is an important family of transcription factors in plant development and stress response. Currently, there are few reports on the WRKY gene family in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). In this study, a total of 82 CtWRKY genes were identified from the safflower genome and could be classified into 3 major groups and 5 subgroups based on their structural and phylogenetic characteristics. The results of gene structure, conserved domain and motif analyses indicated that CtWRKYs within the same subfamily maintained a consistent exon/intron organization and composition. Chromosomal localization and gene duplication analysis results showed that CtWRKYs were randomly localized on 12 chromosomes and that fragment duplication and purification selection may have played an important role in the evolution of the WRKY gene family in safflower. Promoter cis-acting element analysis revealed that the CtWRKYs contain many abiotic stress response elements and hormone response elements. Transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the expression of CtWRKYs showed tissue specificity and a strong response to drought stress. Notably, the expression level of the CtWRKY55 gene rapidly increased more than eightfold under drought treatment and rehydration, indicating that it may be a key gene in response to drought stress. These results provide useful insights for investigating the regulatory function of the CtWRKY gene in safflower growth and development, as well as identifying key genes for future molecular breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Song
- Economic Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Xianfei Hou
- Economic Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Youling Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
| | - Donghai Jia
- Economic Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Economic Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
| | - Yuanguo Gu
- Economic Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Haocui Miao
- Economic Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
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11
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Javed T, Gao SJ. WRKY transcription factors in plant defense. Trends Genet 2023; 39:787-801. [PMID: 37633768 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stressors caused by climate change are fundamental barriers to agricultural sustainability. Enhancing the stress resilience of crops is a key strategy in achieving global food security. Plants perceive adverse environmental conditions and initiate signaling pathways to activate precise responses that contribute to their survival. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are essential players in several signaling cascades and regulatory networks that have crucial implications for defense responses in plants. This review summarizes advances in research concerning how WRKY TFs mediate various signaling cascades and metabolic adjustments as well as how epigenetic modifications involved in environmental stress responses in plants can modulate WRKYs and/or their downstream genes. Emerging research shows that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas)-mediated genome editing of WRKYs could be used to improve crop resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Javed
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - San-Ji Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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12
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Li D, Gu B, Huang C, Shen J, Wang X, Guo J, Yu R, Mou S, Guan Q. Functional Study of Amorpha fruticosa WRKY20 Gene in Response to Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12231. [PMID: 37569607 PMCID: PMC10418629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY gene family in plants regulates the plant's response to drought through regulatory networks and hormone signaling. AfWRKY20 (MT859405) was cloned from Amorpha fruticosa (A. fruticosa) seedlings using RT-PCR. The binding properties of the AfWRKY20 protein and the W-box (a DNA cis-acting element) were verified both in vivo and in vitro using EMSA and Dual-Luciferase activity assays. RT-qPCR detected that the total expression level of AfWRKY20 in leaves and roots was 22 times higher in the 30% PEG6000 simulated drought treatment compared to the untreated group. Under the simulated drought stress treatments of sorbitol and abscisic acid (ABA), the transgenic tobacco with the AfWRKY20 gene showed enhanced drought resistance at the germination stage, with significantly increased germination rate, green leaf rate, fresh weight, and root length compared to the wild-type (WT) tobacco. In addition, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, chlorophyll content, and Fv/Fm ratio of AfWRKY20 transgenic tobacco were significantly higher than those of the WT tobacco under natural drought stress, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining levels were lower. The expression levels of oxidation kinase genes (NbSOD, NbPOD, and NbCAT) in transgenic tobacco under drought stress were significantly higher than those in WT tobacco. This enhancement in gene expression improved the ability of transgenic tobacco to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS). The survival rate of transgenic tobacco after natural drought rehydration was four times higher than that of WT tobacco. In summary, this study revealed the regulatory mechanism of AfWRKY20 in response to drought stress-induced ABA signaling, particularly in relation to ROS. This finding provides a theoretical basis for understanding the pathways of WRKY20 involved in drought stress, and offers genetic resources for molecular plant breeding aimed at enhancing drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Ecological Restoration of Saline Vegetation, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (D.L.)
| | - Baoxiang Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Ecological Restoration of Saline Vegetation, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (D.L.)
| | - Chunxi Huang
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Ecological Restoration of Saline Vegetation, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (D.L.)
| | - Jianan Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Ecological Restoration of Saline Vegetation, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (D.L.)
| | - Ruiqiang Yu
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sirui Mou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Ecological Restoration of Saline Vegetation, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (D.L.)
| | - Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Ecological Restoration of Saline Vegetation, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (D.L.)
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Zhang S, Qiu L, Zheng Y, Wang W, Zhao H, Yang D. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the regulatory effects of exogenous auxin on lateral root development and tanshinone accumulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza. PLANTA 2023; 258:33. [PMID: 37378716 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The physiological and transcriptome analysis revealed that auxin was a positive regulator of lateral root development and tanshinone accumulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Roots of S. miltiorrhiza are widely used as medicinal materials in China, and the root morphology and content of bioactive compounds [such as phenolic acids and diterpenoid quinones (tanshinones)] are the main factors to determine the quality of this herb. Auxin regulates root development and secondary metabolism in many plant species, but little is known about its function in S. miltiorrhiza. In this study, S. miltiorrhiza seedlings were treated (exogenous application) with the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the polar auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) to investigate the regulatory roles of auxin in S. miltiorrhiza. The results indicated that exogenous IAA promoted both lateral root development and tanshinones biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza. The NPA application suppressed the lateral root development but showed no obvious effects on tanshinones accumulation. Based on the RNA-seq analysis, expressions of genes related to auxin biosynthesis and signaling transduction were altered in both treated groups. Coincidental with the enhanced content of tanshinones, transcripts of several key enzyme genes in the tanshinones biosynthetic pathway were stimulated after the exogenous IAA application. The expression profiles of seven common transcription factor domain-containing gene families were analyzed, and the results implied that some AP2/ERF genes were probably responsible for the auxin-induced lateral root development in S. miltiorrhiza. These findings shed new light on the regulatory roles of auxin on root development and bioactive compounds biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza, and lay the groundwork for future research into the detailed molecular mechanism underlying these biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuncang Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Qiu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Zhao
- Shaanxi Origin Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Tongchuan, 727000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
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Yu S, Yang L, Gao K, Zhou J, Lan X, Xie J, Zhong C. Dioscorea composita WRKY5 positively regulates AtSOD1 and AtABF2 to enhance drought and salt tolerances. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023:10.1007/s00299-023-03038-1. [PMID: 37269374 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE DcWRKY5 increases the antioxidant enzyme activity and proline accumulation, oppositely, reduces the accumulation of ROS and MDA, through directly activating the genes expression, finally enhances the salt and drought tolerance. Drought and salinity are two main environmental factors that limit the large-scale cultivation of the medicinal plant Dioscorea composita (D. composita). WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play vital roles in regulating drought and salt tolerance in plants. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of WRKY TF mediates drought and salt resistance of D. composita remains largely unknown. Here, we isolated and characterized a WRKY TF from D. composita, namely DcWRKY5, which was localized to the nucleus and bound to the W-box cis-acting elements. Expression pattern analysis showed that it was highly expressed in root and significantly up-regulated in the presence of salt, polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) and abscisic acid (ABA). Heterologous expression of DcWRKY5 increased salt and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis, but was insensitive to ABA. In addition, compared with the wild type, the DcWRKY5 overexpressing transgenic lines had more proline, higher antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD, and CAT) activities, less reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Correspondingly, the overexpression of DcWRKY5 modulated the expression of genes related to salt and drought stresses, such as AtSS1, AtP5CS1, AtCAT, AtSOD1, AtRD22, and AtABF2. Dual luciferase assay and Y1H were further confirmed that DcWRKY5 activate the promoter of AtSOD1 and AtABF2 through directly binding to the enrichment region of the W-box cis-acting elements. These results suggest that DcWRKY5 is a positive regulator of the drought and salt tolerance in D. composita and has potential applications in transgenic breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Yu
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyin Yang
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixiang Gao
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchan Zhou
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lan
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunmei Zhong
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Yang C, Liu C, Li S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Xiang W. The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098424. [PMID: 37176133 PMCID: PMC10178944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive success; therefore, the regulation of plant flowering has been widely researched. Although multiple well-defined endogenous and exogenous flowering regulators have been reported, new ones are constantly being discovered. Here, we confirm that a novel plant growth regulator guvermectin (GV) induces early flowering in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, our genetic experiments newly demonstrated that WRKY41 and its homolog WRKY53 were involved in GV-accelerated flowering as positive flowering regulators. Overexpression of WRKY41 or WRKY53 resulted in an early flowering phenotype compared to the wild type (WT). In contrast, the w41/w53 double mutants showed a delay in GV-accelerated flowering. Gene expression analysis showed that flowering regulatory genes SOC1 and LFY were upregulated in GV-treated WT, 35S:WRKY41, and 35S:WRKY53 plants, but both declined in w41/w53 mutants with or without GV treatment. Meanwhile, biochemical assays confirmed that SOC1 and LFY were both direct targets of WRKY41 and WRKY53. Furthermore, the early flowering phenotype of 35S:WRKY41 lines was abolished in the soc1 or lfy background. Together, our results suggest that GV plays a function in promoting flowering, which was co-mediated by WRKY41 and WRKY53 acting as new flowering regulators by directly activating the transcription of SOC1 and LFY in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biological Functional Gene of Heilongjiang Provincial Education Committee, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biological Functional Gene of Heilongjiang Provincial Education Committee, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biological Functional Gene of Heilongjiang Provincial Education Committee, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
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16
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Wang H, Cheng X, Yin D, Chen D, Luo C, Liu H, Huang C. Advances in the Research on Plant WRKY Transcription Factors Responsive to External Stresses. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2861-2880. [PMID: 37185711 PMCID: PMC10136515 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factors are a class of transcriptional regulators that are ubiquitous in plants, wherein they play key roles in various physiological activities, including responses to stress. Specifically, WRKY transcription factors mediate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses through the binding of their conserved domain to the W-box element of the target gene promoter and the subsequent activation or inhibition of transcription (self-regulation or cross-regulation). In this review, the progress in the research on the regulatory effects of WRKY transcription factors on plant responses to external stresses is summarized, with a particular focus on the structural characteristics, classifications, biological functions, effects on plant secondary metabolism, regulatory networks, and other aspects of WRKY transcription factors. Future research and prospects in this field are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- College of Ecology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Dongmei Yin
- College of Ecology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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17
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Ling J, Liu R, Hao Y, Li Y, Ping X, Yang Q, Yang Y, Lu X, Xie B, Zhao J, Mao Z. Comprehensive analysis of the WRKY gene family in Cucumis metuliferus and their expression profile in response to an early stage of root knot nematode infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1143171. [PMID: 37021316 PMCID: PMC10067755 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1143171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematode (RKN) is a major factor that limits the growth and productivity of important Cucumis crops, such as cucumber and melon, which lack RKN-resistance genes in their genome. Cucumis metuliferus is a wild Cucumis species that displays a high degree of RKN-resistance. WRKY transcription factors were involved in plant response to biotic stresses. However, little is known on the function of WRKY genes in response to RKN infection in Cucumis crops. In this study, Cucumis metuliferus 60 WRKY genes (CmWRKY) were identified in the C. metuliferus genome, and their conserved domains were classified into three main groups based on multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Synteny analysis indicated that the WRKY genes were highly conserved in Cucumis crops. Transcriptome data from of C. metuliferus roots inoculated with RKN revealed that 16 CmWRKY genes showed differential expression, of which 13 genes were upregulated and three genes were downregulated, indicating that these CmWRKY genes are important to C. metuliferus response to RKN infection. Two differentially expression CmWRKY genes (CmWRKY10 and CmWRKY28) were selected for further functional analysis. Both CmWRKY genes were localized in nucleus, indicating they may play roles in transcriptional regulation. This study provides a foundation for further research on the function of CmWRKY genes in RKN stress resistance and elucidation of the regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ling
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Hao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Ping
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qihong Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Lu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyan Xie
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchuan Mao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wei C, Wu Y, Ma Z, Cheng Y, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Li X, Guan J. Time-Series Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Ethylene Reducing Cold Sensitivity of Postharvest ‘Huangguan’ Pear. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065326. [PMID: 36982404 PMCID: PMC10049683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd) fruit is susceptible to cold, characterized by developing peel browning spots (PBS) during cold storage. Additionally, ethylene pretreatment reduces chilling injury (CI) and inhibits PBS occurrence, but the mechanism of CI remains unclear. Here, we deciphered the dynamic transcriptional changes during the PBS occurrence with and without ethylene pretreatment via time-series transcriptome. We found that ethylene suppressed the cold-signaling gene expression, thereby decreasing the cold sensitivity of the ‘Huangguan’ fruit. Moreover, the “Yellow” module closely correlated with PBS occurrence was identified via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and this module was related to plant defense via Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Local motif enrichment analysis suggested that the “Yellow” module genes were regulated by ERF and WRKY transcription factors. Functional studies demonstrated that PbWRKY31 has a conserved WRKY domain, lacks transactivation activity, and localizes in the nucleus. PbWRKY31-overexpressed Arabidopsis were hypersensitive to cold, with higher expression levels of cold signaling and defense genes, suggesting that PbWRKY31 participates in regulating plant cold sensitivity. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive transcriptional overview of PBS occurrence and elucidate the molecular mechanism by which ethylene reduces the cold sensitivity of ‘Huangguan’ fruit as well as the potential role of PbWRKY31 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangqi Wei
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Zhenyu Ma
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yudou Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yeqing Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yunxiao Feng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xueling Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Junfeng Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0311-8765-2132
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Shen Y, Chi Y, Lu S, Lu H, Shi L. Involvement of JMJ15 in the dynamic change of genome-wide H3K4me3 in response to salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1009723. [PMID: 36226276 PMCID: PMC9549339 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational histone modifications play important roles in regulating chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation. Histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is a prominent histone modification mainly associated with gene activation. Here we showed that a histone demethylase, JMJ15, belonging to KDM5/JARID group, is involved in salt stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Jmj15 loss-of-function mutants displayed increased sensitivity to salt stress. Moreover, knockout of JMJ15 impaired the salt responsive gene expression program and affected H3K4me3 levels of many stress-related genes under salt-stressed condition. Importantly, we demonstrated that JMJ15 regulated the expression level of two WRKY transcription factors, WRKY46 and WRKY70, which were negatively involved in abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, JMJ15 directly bound to and demethylated H3K4me3 mark in the promoter and coding regions of WRKY46 and WRKY70, thereby repressing these two WRKY gene expression under salt stress. Overall, our study revealed a novel molecular function of the histone demethylase JMJ15 under salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuhao Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shun Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huijuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Tang X, Li J, Liu L, Jing H, Zuo W, Zeng Y. Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into Potentilla bifurca Adaptation to High Altitude. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091337. [PMID: 36143374 PMCID: PMC9503701 DOI: 10.3390/life12091337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentilla bifurca is widely distributed in Eurasia, including the Tibetan Plateau. It is a valuable medicinal plant in the Tibetan traditional medicine system, especially for the treatment of diabetes. This study investigated the functional gene profile of Potentilla bifurca at different altitudes by RNA-sequencing technology, including de novo assembly of 222,619 unigenes from 405 million clean reads, 57.64% of which were annotated in Nr, GO, KEGG, Pfam, and Swiss-Prot databases. The most significantly differentially expressed top 50 genes in the high-altitude samples were derived from plants that responded to abiotic stress, such as peroxidase, superoxide dismutase protein, and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Pathway analysis revealed that a large number of DEGs encode key enzymes involved in secondary metabolites, including phenylpropane and flavonoids. In addition, a total of 298 potential genomic SSRs were identified in this study, which provides information on the development of functional molecular markers for genetic diversity assessment. In conclusion, this study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the Potentilla bifurca transcriptome. This provides new insights into coping mechanisms for non-model organisms surviving in harsh environments at high altitudes, as well as molecular evidence for the selection of superior medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jinping Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Likuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Hui Jing
- Qinghai Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Xining 810007, China
| | - Wenming Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Correspondence:
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