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Spann MN, Alleyne K, Holland CM, Davids A, Pierre-Louis A, Bang C, Oyeneye V, Kiflom R, Shea E, Cheng B, Peterson BS, Monk C, Scheinost D. The effects of experience of discrimination and acculturation during pregnancy on the developing offspring brain. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:476-485. [PMID: 37968451 PMCID: PMC10724278 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The experience of ethnic, racial, and structural inequalities is increasingly recognized as detrimental to health, and early studies suggest that its experience in pregnant mothers may affect the developing fetus. We characterized discrimination and acculturation experiences in a predominantly Hispanic sample of pregnant adolescent women and assessed their association with functional connectivity in their neonate's brain. We collected self-report measures of acculturation, discrimination, maternal distress (i.e., perceived stress, childhood trauma, and depressive symptoms), and socioeconomic status in 165 women. Then, we performed a data-driven clustering of acculturation, discrimination, perceived stress, depressive symptoms, trauma, and socioeconomic status variables during pregnancy to determine whether discrimination or acculturation clustered into distinct factors. Discrimination and acculturation styles loaded onto different factors from perceived stress, depressive symptoms, trauma, and socioeconomic status, suggesting that they were distinct from other factors in our sample. We associated these data-driven maternal phenotypes (discrimination and acculturation styles) with measures of resting-state functional MRI connectivity of the infant amygdala (n = 38). Higher maternal report of assimilation was associated with weaker connectivity between their neonate's amygdala and bilateral fusiform gyrus. Maternal experience of discrimination was associated with weaker connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex and stronger connectivity between the amygdala and fusiform of their neonate. Cautiously, the results may suggest a similarity to self-contained studies with adults, noting that the experience of discrimination and acculturation may influence amygdala circuitry across generations. Further prospective studies are essential that consider a more diverse population of minoritized individuals and with a comprehensive assessment of ethnic, racial, and structural factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa N Spann
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Kiarra Alleyne
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cristin M Holland
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonette Davids
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arline Pierre-Louis
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Bang
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Eileen Shea
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bin Cheng
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bradley S Peterson
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Monk
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Lebron CN, Mitsdarffer M, Parra A, Chavez JV, Behar-Zusman V. Latinas and Maternal and Child Health: Research, Policy, and Representation. Matern Child Health J 2023:10.1007/s10995-023-03662-z. [PMID: 37029892 PMCID: PMC10560314 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03662-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 50 years, the Latino population in the US has grown and changed. Latinos are the nation's largest minority group and among this group, there is incredible diversity. Much of Latino health research and outcomes have been treated interchangeably with immigrant health, but as the US Latino population evolves so should the focus of Latino health research. We contend that as maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes are an utmost important indicator of a country's health, and as Latinos make up 18% of the US's population, it is imperative that we move past dated research frameworks to a more nuanced understanding of the health of Latina women and children. We summarize how acculturation has been used to describe differences in MCH outcomes, discuss how the umbrella term "Latino" masks subgroups differences, explore Afro-Latinidad in MCH, examine the effects of the sociopolitical climate on the health of families, and demonstrate the limited representation of Latinos in MCH research. We conclude that a deeper understanding of Latino health is necessary to achieve health equity for Latina women and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia N Lebron
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, 5030 Brunson Avenue, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
| | - Mary Mitsdarffer
- Biden School of Public Policy & Administration, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
| | - Alexa Parra
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, 5030 Brunson Avenue, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | | | - Victoria Behar-Zusman
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, 5030 Brunson Avenue, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
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Ioffe YJ, Hong L, Joachim-Célestin M, Soret C, Montgomery S, Unternaehrer JJ. Genetic Testing in the Latinx community: Impact of acculturation and provider relationships. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 169:125-130. [PMID: 36577267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to explore attitudes toward genetic germline testing and intentions to test in Latinas from Southern California. We hypothesized that patients' acculturation and education levels, as well as comfort with health care providers, are positively associated with attitudes and intentions toward genetic testing. METHODS A survey was offered concurrently to Latinx female patients at a gynecologic oncology practice and to unaffiliated Latinx community members. The survey assessed demographics, structural, psychosocial, and acculturation factors and genetic testing attitudes and intentions via validated scales. RESULTS Of 148 surveys collected, 66% of responders had low levels of acculturation. 50% of women had government-subsidized insurance; 22% had no schooling in the US. 67% of participants did not carry a diagnosis of cancer. Women with higher acculturation levels were more likely to consider genetic testing (rs = 0.54, p = .001). Higher acculturated women and less acculturated women under 50 were more likely to consider testing if it had been recommended by a female, trusted, or Hispanic/Latinx provider (rs = 0.22, p = .01, rs = 0.27, p = .003 and rs = 0.19, p = .003, respectively) or if there was a recent cancer diagnosis (self or family, rs = 0.19, p = .03). Overall, education correlated with intention to test. The more education outside of the US, the less negative was the attitude toward being tested (rs = -0.41, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS Direct experiences with cancer, more schooling and higher acculturation coupled with provider characteristics determined if Latinas were more open to testing. Provider characteristics mattered: having a female, Latinx, Spanish speaking provider was important for genetic testing decision-making. These findings are particularly pertinent in areas with high Latinx populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeniya J Ioffe
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America.
| | - Linda Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Carmen Soret
- School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, United States of America
| | - Susanne Montgomery
- School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, United States of America
| | - Juli J Unternaehrer
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, United States of America
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Juarez Padilla J, Singleton CR, Pedersen CA, Lara-Cinisomo S. Associations between Self-Rated Health and Perinatal Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among Latina Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191911978. [PMID: 36231278 PMCID: PMC9565349 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to determine whether decreases in or consistently low preconception to pregnancy self-rated health (SRH) were associated with perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms among Latinas. METHODS This is a secondary data analysis of 153 perinatal Latinas. Three groups were created to capture SRH from preconception to pregnancy: a decline in ratings, consistently low, and good+ (i.e., good, very good, or excellent). SRH was measured using two questions about their perceived physical health before and during pregnancy. Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were assessed in the third trimester and six weeks postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Life stressors were assessed in pregnancy using a modified version of the Life Experiences Survey. Linear regressions tested the associations. RESULTS Women with consistently low (i.e., fair or poor) SRH reported significantly more prenatal depressive symptoms than women who reported consistently good+ SRH. Women who reported a decline in SRH to fair or poor reported more prenatal anxiety symptoms but decreased postpartum anxiety symptoms than women who reported consistently good+ ratings. Life stressors were positively associated with prenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare practitioners should assess changes in SRH ratings to identify risks for prenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms among Latinas, who have elevated rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms compared to non-Hispanic White women. Policymakers should provide healthcare providers with mental health resources to support at-risk Latinas during the prenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeth Juarez Padilla
- Division of Scholarship and Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chelsea R. Singleton
- Department of Social, Behavioral, and Populations Sciences, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Cort A. Pedersen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sandraluz Lara-Cinisomo
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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Fox M. Discrimination as a Moderator of the Effects of Acculturation and Cultural Values on Mental Health Among Pregnant and Postpartum Latina Women. AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST 2021; 123:780-804. [PMID: 36776224 PMCID: PMC9909989 DOI: 10.1111/aman.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is important to consider how identity, culture, and social adversity influence maternal mental health among Latina women both because this community faces unique cultural stressors and also because factors that undermine women's mental health during pregnancy and postpartum could have injurious consequences that cascade across generations. This study uses data from a questionnaire administered to Latina pregnant and postpartum women in Southern California, examining cultural orientation, discrimination, and mental health. Results demonstrate mental health benefits for both American and Latino cultural orientations, but the latter's benefit of lower anxiety was only apparent with high discrimination. American and Latino cultural values systems had opposite relationships with depression, with the latter protective and also positively associated with happiness. More traditional gender roles values were associated with greater perceived stress and lower happiness. Different aspects of familism had opposite effects as obligation was associated with less anxiety and referent (defining oneself communally with kin) with more. Results suggest that social adversity and cultural identity and values influence maternal psychology. This study makes a unique contribution by integrating anthropological and biopsychosocial methods and theories towards addressing an issue of public-health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Fox
- Departments of Anthropology and Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Safa MD, Umaña-Taylor AJ. Biculturalism and adjustment among U.S. Latinos: A review of four decades of empirical findings. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 61:73-127. [PMID: 34266572 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating both heritage (e.g., Latino) and national (e.g., American) cultural systems into our sense of self (i.e., bicultural identity) and developing the ability to successfully respond to demands associated with each of these systems (i.e., bicultural competence) have been theorized to be central to the development and positive adjustment of U.S. Latinos, a group that represents a large segment of the country's population. In this comprehensive review, we examined empirical research on biculturalism among U.S. Latinos spanning four decades (1980-2020), with a focus on synthesizing the field's understanding of antecedents and consequents associated with biculturalism and identifying directions for future research. Our review of 152 empirical articles revealed that this literature was characterized by multiple approaches to the conceptualization (i.e., dual-cultural adaptation, dual-cultural identity, bicultural identity integration, and bicultural competence) and subsequent operationalization of biculturalism. Although each conceptualization has different implications for the conclusions that can be drawn regarding an aspect or facet of biculturalism and potential influence on adjustment, a significant majority (78%) of studies, across conceptualizations, provided evidence supporting a positive association between biculturalism and Latinos' adjustment. In addition, a relatively small body of qualitative work was identified, and findings largely informed potential antecedents of biculturalism. We review this literature with attention to: the aspects of biculturalism that are associated with Latinos' adjustment (i.e., psychosocial and physical health), how sample characteristics may limit the generalizability of this work, and important directions for future research both in terms of conceptualization and study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dalal Safa
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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Vanderkruik R, Gonsalves L, Kapustianyk G, Allen T, Say L. Mental health of adolescents associated with sexual and reproductive outcomes: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ 2021; 99:359-373K. [PMID: 33958824 PMCID: PMC8061667 DOI: 10.2471/blt.20.254144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To systematically review the literature on the mental health of adolescents associated with sexual and reproductive outcomes, and compare the mental health outcomes with that of other age groups. Methods We searched seven databases for relevant peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2010 and 25 April 2019. Our inclusion criteria required that the study included age-disaggregated data on adolescents, and focused and assessed mental health outcomes associated with pregnancy or sexually transmitted infections. We extracted data on the specific health event, the mental health outcome and the method of measuring this, and comparisons with other age groups. Findings After initially screening 10 818 articles by title and abstract, we included 96 articles in our review. We observed that a wide-ranging prevalence of mental ill-health has been reported for adolescents. However, most studies of mental health during pregnancy did not identify an increased risk of depression or other mental disorders among adolescents compared with other age groups. In contrast, the majority of studies conducted during the postpartum period identified an increased risk of depression in adolescents compared with other age groups. Three studies reported on mental health outcomes following abortion, with varying results. We found no studies of the effect of sexually transmitted infections on mental health among adolescents. Conclusion We recommend that sexual and reproductive health services should be accessible to adolescents to address their needs and help to prevent any adverse mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Vanderkruik
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America
| | - Lianne Gonsalves
- UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Tomas Allen
- Department of Quality, Norms and Standards, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lale Say
- UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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The Association Between Acculturation and Prenatal Psychosocial Stress Among Latinas. J Immigr Minor Health 2019; 22:534-544. [PMID: 31203485 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-019-00909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Latinas experience high levels of stress in pregnancy, however few studies have investigated how acculturation affects pregnancy mental health among Latinas. The goal of this study was to determine if acculturation was associated with pregnancy stress among pregnant, predominantly Puerto Rican women. Participants (n = 1426) were enrolled in Proyecto Buena Salud, a prospective cohort study of Latinas. Acculturation on a bi-dimensional scale that allows for identification with both Latina and continental US cultures (i.e., bi-cultural vs. high or low acculturation) was measured in early pregnancy via the Psychological Acculturation Scale (PAS), language preference, and generation in the US. Stress was measured in early and mid/late pregnancy using Cohen's 14-item Perceived Stress Scale. After adjustment for risk factors, women with bicultural acculturation had significantly lower stress in overall pregnancy (β = - 2.15, 95% CI - 3.5, - 0.81) and in mid/late pregnancy (β = - 2.35, 95% CI - 3.92, - 0.77) as compared to women with low acculturation. There were no significant associations between proxies of acculturation (i.e., language preference and generation) and stress. Bicultural psychological acculturation was associated with lower stress in pregnancy, while proxies of acculturation were not. Bi-dimensional measures of psychological acculturation should be considered in future studies of maternal mental health.
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Harris-Luna ML, Badr LK. Pragmatic Trial to Evaluate the Effect of a Promotora Telephone Intervention on the Duration of Breastfeeding. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2018; 47:738-748. [PMID: 30292773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a telephone intervention delivered by promotoras (lay health care workers) to increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in Hispanic women at 12 weeks postpartum. Secondary objectives were to assess breastfeeding duration (BFD) and to evaluate background variables that may be associated with EBF and BFD. DESIGN Pragmatic trial. SETTING Two obstetric clinics affiliated with a community medical center in Southern California. PARTICIPANTS We recruited 61 participants from the two clinics. Participants were 18 to 45 years old and planned to breastfeed their infants. Women who showed interest in the study were sequentially divided into an intervention (n = 31) or a control group (n = 30). METHODS The intervention consisted of telephone support for breastfeeding provided by certified and trained promotoras. RESULTS Fourteen out of 31 (45%) participants in the intervention group continued to practice EBF compared with 4 out of 30 (13%) in the control group (odds ratio = 3.39, p = .04). Breastfeeding duration in days was significantly longer for the participants in the intervention group (F =1/59 = 29.88, p < .01). The positive predictors of EBF at 12 weeks after birth were prior breastfeeding experience, perceived breastfeeding support, promotora telephone support, and higher scores on the acculturation scale. Positive predictors of BFD were breastfeeding support, promotora telephone support, and higher scores on breastfeeding self-efficacy. A negative predictor was lower household income. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that a telephone support intervention delivered by promotoras may increase the rates of EBF by threefold at 12 weeks after birth.
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Field T. Prenatal anxiety effects: A review. Infant Behav Dev 2017; 49:120-128. [PMID: 28886563 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review is based on literature on prenatal anxiety effects that was found on Pubmed and PsycINFO for the years 2010-2016. Prenatal anxiety is thought to have distinct features, although it has been measured both by specific prenatal anxiety symptoms as well as by standardized anxiety scales. Its prevalence has ranged from 21 to 25% and it has been predicted by a number of pregnancy - related variables such as unintended pregnancy, demographic variables such as low acculturation and income and psychosocial factors including pessimism and partner tension. Prenatal anxiety effects on pregnancy include increased cortisol levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines, obstetric problems and cesarean section. Effects on the neonate include lower gestational age, prematurity, less insulin-like growth factor in cord blood, less exclusive breast-feeding and less self-regulation during the heelstick procedure. Prenatal anxiety effects continue into infancy and childhood both on physiological development and emotional/mental development. Among the physiological effects are lower vagal activity across the first two years, and lower immunity, more illnesses and reduced gray matter in childhood. Prenatal anxiety effects on emotional/mental development include greater negative emotionality and in infants, lower mental development scores and internalizing problems. Anxiety disorders occur during childhood and elevated cortisol and internalizing behaviors occur during adolescence. Interventions for prenatal anxiety are virtually nonexistent, although stroking (massaging) the infant has moderated the pregnancy - specific anxiety effects on internalizing behaviors in the offspring. The limitations of this literature include the homogeneity of samples, the frequent use of anxiety measures that are not specific to pregnancy, and the reliance on self-report. Nonetheless, the literature highlights the negative, long-term effects of prenatal anxiety and the need for screening and early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Field
- University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, United States; Fielding Graduate University, United States.
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Anderson C, Strickland S. The Influence of Acculturation on Traumatic Stress Following Childbirth Among Hispanic Adolescents. HISPANIC HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL 2017; 15:99-106. [PMID: 29164933 DOI: 10.1177/1540415317717410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have explored the role of acculturation on health outcomes; however, no studies to date have examined relationships between acculturation and the traumatic stress of childbirth among Hispanic adolescents. METHOD A convenience sample of 66 Hispanic adolescents 13 to 19 years of age completed the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II (ARSMA-II), a demographic sheet, birth appraisal scale, and the Impact of Event Scale within 72 hours of birth. RESULTS Significant associations were found between the ARSMA-II subscales and acculturation proxy variables, excluding language; however, only the Mexican Orientation Subscale and generation proxy variable influenced the birth experience. The study findings showed that Hispanic adolescents reporting a more traumatic childbirth identified closer with the Mexican culture and reported fewer family generations residing in the United States. CONCLUSION As an overlooked area of research, our findings support the need for additional research related to the traumatic stress of birth among Hispanic adolescents. Using multiple acculturation measurements, including the ARSMA-II, with larger, more diverse samples of adolescents, equally balanced between all categories of acculturation and placement within the five-tier generation matrix, can provide some insightful information and directed health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Anderson
- 1 College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arlington, TX, USA
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12
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Preciado A, D'Anna-Hernandez K. Acculturative stress is associated with trajectory of anxiety symptoms during pregnancy in Mexican-American women. J Anxiety Disord 2017; 48:28-35. [PMID: 27780654 PMCID: PMC5737703 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Over half of pregnant women report anxiety symptoms and these symptoms may be precipitated by stressful experiences. Anxiety rates may be higher in Mexican-American women who experience sociocultural stressors, such as acculturation, acculturative stress and discrimination. However, the role of such stressors on the trajectory of anxiety symptoms across pregnancy is not yet known. Mexican-American women (n=151) completed surveys across pregnancy about acculturation, acculturative stress, perceived discrimination, and state anxiety. Multilevel modeling found that acculturation (Anglo orientation, b=0.050, SE=0.379, t (137.561)=0.134, p=0.894; Mexican orientation, b=0.775, SE=0.692, t (133.424)=1.121, p=0.264) and perceived discrimination (b=-1.259, SE=0.921, t (137.489)=-1.367, p=0.174) were not associated with the trajectory of anxiety symptoms. However, acculturative stress, even while controlling for perceived stress, was associated with high levels of anxiety symptoms that were elevated early in pregnancy (b=-0.045, SE=0.022, t (135.749)=-2, p=0.047). This work highlights the unique role of acculturative stress in risk for prenatal anxiety in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Preciado
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, United States.
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