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Franco Machado J, Sá M, Pires I, da Silva MT, Marques F, Coelho JAS, Mendes F, Piedade MFM, Machuqueiro M, Jiménez MA, Garcia MH, Correia JDG, Morais TS. Dual FGFR-targeting and pH-activatable ruthenium-peptide conjugates for targeted therapy of breast cancer. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7682-7693. [PMID: 38573236 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00497c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) signaling has been associated with breast cancer, yet employing FGFR-targeted delivery systems to improve the efficacy of cytotoxic agents is still sparsely exploited. Herein, we report four new bi-functional ruthenium-peptide conjugates (RuPCs) with FGFR-targeting and pH-dependent releasing abilities, envisioning the selective delivery of cytotoxic Ru complexes to FGFR(+)-breast cancer cells, and controlled activation at the acidic tumoral microenvironment. The antiproliferative potential of the RuPCs and free Ru complexes was evaluated in four breast cancer cell lines with different FGFR expression levels (SKBR-3, MDA-MB-134-VI, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231) and in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), at pH 6.8 and pH 7.4 aimed at mimicking the tumor microenvironment and normal tissues/bloodstream pHs, respectively. The RuPCs showed higher cytotoxicity in cells with higher level of FGFR expression at acidic pH. Additionally, RuPCs showed up to 6-fold higher activity in the FGFR(+) breast cancer lines compared to the normal cell line. The release profile of Ru complexes from RuPCs corroborates the antiproliferative effects observed. Remarkably, the cytotoxicity and releasing ability of RuPCs were shown to be strongly dependent on the conjugation of the peptide position in the Ru complex. Complementary molecular dynamic simulations and computational calculations were performed to help interpret these findings at the molecular level. In summary, we identified a lead bi-functional RuPC that holds strong potential as a FGFR-targeted chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Franco Machado
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Marco Sá
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Inês Pires
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Tarita da Silva
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Jaime A S Coelho
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Filipa Mendes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - M Fátima M Piedade
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Machuqueiro
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - María Angeles Jiménez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabreras (IQF-CSIC), Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João D G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139, 7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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2
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Franco Machado J, Cordeiro S, Duarte JN, Costa PJ, Mendes PJ, Garcia MH, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR, Morais TS. Exploiting Co(III)-Cyclopentadienyl Complexes To Develop Anticancer Agents. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5783-5804. [PMID: 38502532 PMCID: PMC10988555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, organometallic complexes have attracted much attention as anticancer therapeutics aiming at overcoming the limitations of platinum drugs that are currently marketed. Still, the development of half-sandwich organometallic cobalt complexes remains scarcely explored. Four new cobalt(III)-cyclopentadienyl complexes containing N,N-heteroaromatic bidentate, and phosphane ligands were synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques, and DFT methods. The cytotoxicity of all complexes was determined in vitro by the MTS assay in colorectal (HCT116), ovarian (A2780), and breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) human cancer cell lines and in a healthy human cell line (fibroblasts). The complexes showed high cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines, mostly due to ROS production, apoptosis, autophagy induction, and disruption of the mitochondrial membrane. Also, these complexes were shown to be nontoxic in vivo in an ex ovo chick embryo yolk sac membrane (YSM) assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Franco Machado
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cordeiro
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB − Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA
School of Science and Technology, NOVA University
Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana N. Duarte
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Costa
- BioISI
− Instituto de Biosistemas e Ciências Integrativas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Mendes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE
(Polo de Évora), Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, R. Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Garcia
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB − Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA
School of Science and Technology, NOVA University
Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB − Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA
School of Science and Technology, NOVA University
Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO,
Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Tânia S. Morais
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Alguacil A, Scalambra F, Romerosa A, Bento-Oliveira A, Marques F, Maximiano I, de Almeida RFM, Tomaz AI, Valente A. Evaluation of the Antiproliferative Properties of CpRu Complexes Containing N-Methylated Triazaphosphaadamantane Derivatives. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:6669394. [PMID: 37808953 PMCID: PMC10555500 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6669394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Piano-stool-{CpRu} complexes containing 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA), N-methyl-1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (mPTA), and 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabyciclo[3.3.1]nonane (dmoPTA) were evaluated as drugs against breast cancer. The evaluated compounds include two new examples of this family, the complexes [RuCp(DMSO-κS)(HdmoPTA)(PPh3)](CF3SO3)2 (8) and [RuCp(PPh3)2-µ-dmoPTA-1κP-2κ2N,N'-PdCl2](CF3SO3) (11), which have been synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic activity of compounds was evaluated against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, and the three most active complexes were further tested against the hormone-dependent MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Their cell death mechanism and ruthenium uptake were also evaluated, as well as their binding ability to human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Alguacil
- Área de Química Inorgánica–CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Almería 04120, Spain
| | - Franco Scalambra
- Área de Química Inorgánica–CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Almería 04120, Spain
| | - Antonio Romerosa
- Área de Química Inorgánica–CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Almería 04120, Spain
| | - Andreia Bento-Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares e Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nculeares, Instituto Superior Técnico (C2TN/IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Bobadela LRS 2695-066, Portugal
| | - Ines Maximiano
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo F. M. de Almeida
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Bioelectronic medicines: Therapeutic potential and advancements in next-generation cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Morais TS, Marques F, Madeira PJA, Robalo MP, Garcia MH. Design and Anticancer Properties of New Water-Soluble Ruthenium–Cyclopentadienyl Complexes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070862. [PMID: 35890160 PMCID: PMC9321894 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes are emerging as one of the most promising classes of complexes for cancer therapy. However, their limited aqueous solubility may be the major limitation to their potential clinical application. In view and to contribute to the progress of this field, eight new water-soluble Ru(II) organometallic complexes of general formula [RuCp(mTPPMS)n(L)] [CF3SO3], where mTPPMS = diphenylphosphane-benzene-3-sulfonate, for n = 2, L is an imidazole-based ligand (imidazole, 1-benzylimidazole, 1-butylimidazole, (1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole), and (1-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazole)), and for n = 1, L is a bidentate heteroaromatic ligand (2-benzoylpyridine, (di(2-pyridyl)ketone), and (1,2-(2-pyridyl)benzo-[b]thiophene)) were synthesized and characterized. The new complexes were fully characterized by NMR, FT-IR, UV–vis., ESI-HRMS, and cyclic voltammetry, which confirmed all the proposed molecular structures. The antiproliferative potential of the new Ru(II) complexes was evaluated on MDAMB231 breast adenocarcinoma, A2780 ovarian carcinoma, and HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, showing micromolar (MDAMB231 and HT29) and submicromolar (A2780) IC50 values. The interaction of complex 6 with human serum albumin (HSA) and fatty-acid-free human serum albumin (HSAfaf) was evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy techniques, and the results revealed that the ruthenium complex strongly quenches the intrinsic fluorescence of albumin in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia S. Morais
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.S.M.); (M.H.G.)
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | | | - Maria Paula Robalo
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Maria Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.S.M.); (M.H.G.)
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Ruthenium(II)-Cyclopentadienyl-Derived Complexes as New Emerging Anti-Colorectal Cancer Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061293. [PMID: 35745864 PMCID: PMC9228117 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, urging the need for new and more efficient therapeutic approaches. Ruthenium complexes have emerged as attractive alternatives to traditional platinum-based compounds in the treatment of CRC. This work aims to evaluate anti-CRC properties, as well as to identify the mechanisms of action of ruthenium complexes with the general formula [Ru(η5-C5H4R)(PPh3)(4,4′-R′-2,2′-bipyridine)][CF3SO3], where R = CH3, CHO or CH2OH and R′ = H, CH3, CH2OH, or dibiotin ester. The complexes (Ru 1–7) displayed high bioactivity, as shown by low IC50 concentrations against CRC cells, namely, RKO and SW480. Four of the most promising ruthenium complexes (Ru 2, 5–7) were phenotypically characterized and were shown to inhibit cell viability by decreasing cell proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, and increasing apoptosis. These findings were in accordance with the inhibition of MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Ruthenium complexes also led to a decrease in cellular clonogenic ability and cell migration, which was associated with the disruption of F-actin cytoskeleton integrity. Here, we demonstrated that ruthenium complexes, especially Ru7, have a high anticancer effect against CRC cells and are promising drugs to be used as a new therapeutical strategy for CRC treatment.
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Nešić MD, Dučić T, Algarra M, Popović I, Stepić M, Gonçalves M, Petković M. Lipid Status of A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cells after Treatment with Ruthenium Complex Modified with Carbon Dot Nanocarriers: A Multimodal SR-FTIR Spectroscopy and MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051182. [PMID: 35267490 PMCID: PMC8909423 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Developing new anticancer medicaments is focused on inducing controlled elimination of tumor tissue without severe side effects. It is essential to enable the medicament to reach the target molecule without provoking the immune response too early. The first cellular changes might occur already at the level of the cell membrane, composed mainly of lipids. Therefore, we used spectroscopic techniques to study the interaction of potential metallodrug [Ru(η5-C5H5)(PPh3)2CN] (RuCN) with lipids of A2780 ovarian cancer cells and investigated if these changes are affected by the presence of drug carriers (carbon dots (CDs) and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs)). Our results showed that CDs and N-CDs prevent lysis and moderate oxidative stress of lipids caused by metallodrug, still keeping the antitumor activity and potential to penetrate through the lipid bilayer. Therefore, Ru drug loading to carriers balances the anticancer efficiency and leads to better anticancer outcomes by reducing the oxidative stress that has been linked to cancer progression. Abstract In the last decade, targeting membrane lipids in cancer cells has been a promising approach that deserves attention in the field of anticancer drug development. To get a comprehensive understanding of the effect of the drug [Ru(η5-Cp)(PPh3)2CN] (RuCN) on cell lipidic components, we combine complementary analytical approaches, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Techniques are used for screening the effect of potential metallodrug, RuCN, without and with drug carriers (carbon dots (CDs) and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs)) on the lipids of the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. MALDI TOF MS results revealed that the lysis of ovarian cancer membrane lipids is promoted by RuCN and not by drug carriers (CDs and N-CDs). Furthermore, SR-FTIR results strongly suggested that the phospholipids of cancer cells undergo oxidative stress after the treatment with RuCN that was accompanied by the disordering of the fatty acid chains. On the other hand, using (N-)CDs as RuCN nanocarriers prevented the oxidative stress caused by RuCN but did not prevent the disordering of the fatty acid chain packing. Finally, we demonstrated that RuCN and RuCN/(N-)CDs alter the hydration of the membrane surface in the membrane–water interface region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja D. Nešić
- Center for Light-Based Research and Technologies COHERENCE, Department of Atomic Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.P.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.N.); (M.A.); Tel.: +381-113408770 (M.D.N.)
| | - Tanja Dučić
- ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, MIRAS Beamline, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Manuel Algarra
- INAMAT2—Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics, Department of Science, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.D.N.); (M.A.); Tel.: +381-113408770 (M.D.N.)
| | - Iva Popović
- Center for Light-Based Research and Technologies COHERENCE, Department of Atomic Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.P.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Milutin Stepić
- Center for Light-Based Research and Technologies COHERENCE, Department of Atomic Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.P.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Mara Gonçalves
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal;
| | - Marijana Petković
- Center for Light-Based Research and Technologies COHERENCE, Department of Atomic Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.P.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
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Ultrasonication Improves Solid Phase Synthesis of Peptides Specific for Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor and for the Protein-Protein Interface RANK-TRAF6. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237349. [PMID: 34885928 PMCID: PMC8659051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering our interest in the use of peptides as potential target-specific drugs or as delivery vectors of metallodrugs for various biomedical applications, it is crucial to explore improved synthetic methodologies to accomplish the highest peptide crude purity in the shortest time possible. Therefore, we compared “classical” fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) with ultrasound(US)-assisted SPPS based on the preparation of three peptides, namely the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3(FGFR3)-specific peptide Pep1 (VSPPLTLGQLLS-NH2) and the novel peptides Pep2 (RQMATADEA-NH2) and Pep3 (AAVALLPAVLLALLAPRQMATADEA-NH2), which are being developed aimed at interfering with the intracellular protein-protein interaction(PPI) RANK-TRAF6. Our results demonstrated that US-assisted SPPS led to a 14-fold (Pep1) and 4-fold time reduction (Pep2) in peptide assembly compared to the “classical” method. Interestingly, US-assisted SPPS yielded Pep1 in higher purity (82%) than the “classical” SPPS (73%). The significant time reduction combined with high crude peptide purity attained prompted use to apply US-assisted SPPS to the large peptide Pep3, which displays a high number of hydrophobic amino acids and homooligo-sequences. Remarkably, the synthesis of this 25-mer peptide was attained during a “working day” (347 min) in moderate purity (approx. 49%). In conclusion, we have reinforced the importance of using US-SPPS towards facilitating the production of peptides in shorter time with increased efficacy in moderate to high crude purity. This is of special importance for long peptides such as the case of Pep3.
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Valente A, Podolski-Renić A, Poetsch I, Filipović N, López Ó, Turel I, Heffeter P. Metal- and metalloid-based compounds to target and reverse cancer multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 58:100778. [PMID: 34403910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains the major cause of cancer treatment failure especially at the late stage of the disease. However, based on their versatile chemistry, metal and metalloid compounds offer the possibility to design fine-tuned drugs to circumvent and even specifically target drug-resistant cancer cells. Based on the paramount importance of platinum drugs in the clinics, two main areas of drug resistance reversal strategies exist: overcoming resistance to platinum drugs as well as multidrug resistance based on ABC efflux pumps. The current review provides an overview of both aspects of drug design and discusses the open questions in the field. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Altered expression of proteins involved in metal uptake, efflux or intracellular distribution, 2) Enhanced drug efflux via ABC transporters, 3) Altered metabolism in drug-resistant cancer cells, 4) Altered thiol or redox homeostasis, 5) Altered DNA damage recognition and enhanced DNA damage repair, 6) Impaired induction of apoptosis and 7) Altered interaction with the immune system. This review represents the first collection of metal (including platinum, ruthenium, iridium, gold, and copper) and metalloid drugs (e.g. arsenic and selenium) which demonstrated drug resistance reversal activity. A special focus is on compounds characterized by collateral sensitivity of ABC transporter-overexpressing cancer cells. Through this approach, we wish to draw the attention to open research questions in the field. Future investigations are warranted to obtain more insights into the mechanisms of action of the most potent compounds which target specific modalities of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Santos FC, Costa PJ, Garcia MH, Morais TS. Binding of RuCp complexes with human apo-transferrin: fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. Biometals 2021; 34:1029-1042. [PMID: 34155581 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between human serum transferrin (hTf) and three promising organometallic Ru (II)- (η5-C5H5) derived complexes, that have already shown strong in vitro cytotoxicity towards human cancer cell lines, has been investigated using fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The results suggested that the formation of Ru-hTf systems involves a dynamic collision. The binding process occurs spontaneously (ΔG < 0), mainly driven by hydrophobic interactions. Additional docking studies show that all complexes bind preferably to a specific hydrophobic pocket in the C2-subdomain as already observed for other metal-cyclopentadienyl (MCp) complexes and are in agreement with the experimental results. With these studies we hope to contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of action of these promising cytotoxic agents, thus providing clues for a more rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa C Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Costa
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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11
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Nayeem N, Contel M. Exploring the Potential of Metallodrugs as Chemotherapeutics for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Chemistry 2021; 27:8891-8917. [PMID: 33857345 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on studies of coordination and organometallic compounds as potential chemotherapeutics against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) which has one of the poorest prognoses and worst survival rates from all breast cancer types. At present, chemotherapy is still the standard of care for TNBC since only one type of targeted therapy has been recently developed. References for metal-based compounds studied in TNBC cell lines will be listed, and those of metal-specific reviews, but a detailed overview will also be provided on compounds studied in vivo (mostly in mice models) and those compounds for which some preliminary mechanistic data was obtained (in TNBC cell lines and tumors) and/or for which bioactive ligands have been used. The main goal of this review is to highlight the most promising metal-based compounds with potential as chemotherapeutic agents in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Nayeem
- Brooklyn College Cancer Center BCCC-CURE, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 11006, USA
| | - Maria Contel
- Brooklyn College Cancer Center BCCC-CURE, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 11006, USA.,Chemistry and Biochemistry PhD Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 11006, USA.,University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96813, USA
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12
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Lenis-Rojas OA, Robalo MP, Tomaz AI, Fernandes AR, Roma-Rodrigues C, Teixeira RG, Marques F, Folgueira M, Yáñez J, Gonzalez AA, Salamini-Montemurri M, Pech-Puch D, Vázquez-García D, Torres ML, Fernández A, Fernández JJ. Half-Sandwich Ru( p-cymene) Compounds with Diphosphanes: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation As Potential Anticancer Metallodrugs. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2914-2930. [PMID: 33570919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) complexes are currently considered attractive alternatives to the widely used platinum-based drugs. We present herein the synthesis and characterization of half-sandwich ruthenium compounds formulated as [Ru(p-cymene)(L)Cl][CF3SO3] (L = 1,1-bis(methylenediphenylphosphano)ethylene, 1; L = 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphano)ethylene, 2), which were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, 1H and 31P{1H} NMR, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, conductivity measurements and cyclic voltammetry. The molecular structures for both complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the MTT assay against human tumor cells, namely ovarian (A2780) and breast (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231). Both complexes were active against breast adenocarcinoma cells, with complex 1 exhibiting a quite remarkable cytotoxicity in the submicromolar range. Interestingly, at concentrations equivalent to the IC50 values in the MCF7 cancer cells, complexes 1 and 2 presented lower cytotoxicity in normal human primary fibroblasts. The antiproliferative effects of 1 and 2 in MCF7 cells might be associated with the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to a combined cell death mechanism via apoptosis and autophagy. Despite the fact that in vitro a partial intercalation between complexes and DNA was observed, no MCF7 cell cycle delay or arrest was observed, indicating that DNA might not be a direct target. Complexes 1 and 2 both exhibited a moderate to strong interaction with human serum albumin, suggesting that protein targets may be involved in their mode of action. Their acute toxicity was evaluated in the zebrafish model. Complex 1 (the most toxic of the two) exhibited a lethal toxicity LC50 value about 1 order of magnitude higher than any IC50 concentrations found for the cancer cell models used, highlighting its therapeutic relevance as a drug candidate in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Lenis-Rojas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL-Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1049-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ricardo G Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1049-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologías Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, E.N. 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Mónica Folgueira
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1 6BT, U.K
| | - Julián Yáñez
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Anabel Alba Gonzalez
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Martín Salamini-Montemurri
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Dawrin Pech-Puch
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Margarita López Torres
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús J Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
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13
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Robinson AJ, Jain A, Sherman HG, Hague RJM, Rahman R, Sanjuan‐Alberte P, Rawson FJ. Toward Hijacking Bioelectricity in Cancer to Develop New Bioelectronic Medicine. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andie J. Robinson
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Akhil Jain
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Harry G. Sherman
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Richard J. M. Hague
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham Nottingham NG8 1BB UK
| | - Ruman Rahman
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Paola Sanjuan‐Alberte
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB‐Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1049‐001 Portugal
| | - Frankie J. Rawson
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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14
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Lee SY, Kim CY, Nam TG. Ruthenium Complexes as Anticancer Agents: A Brief History and Perspectives. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:5375-5392. [PMID: 33299303 PMCID: PMC7721113 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s275007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum (Pt)-based anticancer drugs such as cisplatin have been used to treat various cancers. However, they have some limitations including poor selectivity and toxicity towards normal cells and increasing chemoresistance. Therefore, there is a need for novel metallo-anticancers, which has not been met for decades. Since the initial introduction of ruthenium (Ru) polypyridyl complex, a number of attempts at structural evolution have been conducted to improve efficacy. Among them, half-sandwich Ru-arene complexes have been the most prominent as an anticancer platform. Such complexes have clearly shown superior anticancer profiles such as increased selectivity toward cancer cells and ameliorating toxicity against normal cells compared to existing Pt-based anticancers. Currently, several Ru complexes are under human clinical trials. For improvement in selectivity and toxicity associated with chemotherapy, Ru complexes as photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT), which can selectively activate prodrug moieties in a specific region, have also been investigated. With all these studies on these interesting entities, new metallo-anticancer drugs to at least partially replace existing Pt-based anticancers are anticipated. This review covers a brief description of Ru-based anticancer complexes and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeul Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Nam
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do15588, Republic of Korea
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15
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Dominelli B, Jakob CH, Oberkofler J, Fischer PJ, Esslinger EM, Reich RM, Marques F, Pinheiro T, Correia JD, Kühn FE. Mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic activity of syn/anti-isomers of dinuclear Au(I) NHC complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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16
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Khanvilkar P, Dash SR, Vohra A, Devkar R, Chakraborty D. Evaluation of biomolecular interactions and cytotoxic activity of organometallic binuclear Ru(II) complexes of ferrocenyl thiosemicarbazones. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6044-6055. [PMID: 32729376 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1798284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Four new ferrocenyl substituted thiosemicarbazone ligands (L1-L4) and their corresponding binuclear ruthenium(II) arene complexes of the general type [(η6-p cym)(L)Ru(μ-im)Ru(L)(η6-p-cym)]Cl (C1-C4) and [(η6-p cym)(L)Ru(μ-azpy)Ru(L)(η6-p-cym)]Cl2 (C5-C8) (cym = cymene, im = imidazole, azpy = 4,4'-azopyridine) have been synthesized and characterized. The structures of the complexes were established through DFT calculations and geometry optimization. The interactions of the binuclear complexes with DNA were investigated by absorption, emission and viscosity studies which indicated that the complexes bind to DNA via intercalation. Meanwhile, the interaction of complexes with the protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), has also been studied using fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the binuclear complexes exhibit good binding propensities to BSA. The complexes can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA remarkably through a static or dynamic quenching process. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity of complexes C1-C8 against HeLa cell line was assayed which showed lower IC50 values indicating their higher cytotoxicity and potency in killing the cancer cells at low concentrations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Khanvilkar
- Department of Chemistry, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Soumya R Dash
- Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-NCL Pune, Pune, India
| | - Alisagar Vohra
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Ranjitsinh Devkar
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Debjani Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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17
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Pavlović M, Tadić A, Gligorijević N, Poljarević J, Petrović T, Dojčinović B, Savić A, Radulović S, Grgurić-Šipka S, Aranđelović S. Synthesis, chemical characterization, PARP inhibition, DNA binding and cellular uptake of novel ruthenium(II)-arene complexes bearing benzamide derivatives in human breast cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 210:111155. [PMID: 32768729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) showed remarkable clinical efficacy in BRCA-mutated tumors. Based on the rational drug design, derivatives of PARP inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), 2-amino-4-methylbenzamide (L1) and 3-amino-N-methylbenzamide (L2), were coordinated to the ruthenium(II) ion, to form potential drugs affecting DNA and inhibiting PARP enzyme. The four conjugated complexes of formula: C1 [(ƞ6-toluene)Ru(L1)Cl]PF6, C2 [(ƞ6-p-cymene)Ru(L1)Cl]PF6, C3 [(ƞ6-toluene)Ru(L2)Cl2] and C4 [(ƞ6-p-cymene)Ru(L2)Cl2], have been synthesized and characterized. Colorimetric 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed the highest antiproliferative activity of C1 in HCC1937, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Efficiency of inhibition of PARP-1 enzymatic activity in vitro decreased in order: C2 > C4 > 3-AB>C1 > C3. ICP-MS study of intracellular accumulation and distribution in BRCA1-mutated HCC1937 revealed that C1-C4 entered cells within 24 h. The complex C1 showed the highest intracellular accumulation, nuclear-targeting properties, and exhibited the highest DNA binding (39.2 ± 0.6 pg of Ru per μg of DNA) that resulted in the cell cycle arrest in the S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Pavlović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Tadić
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevenka Gligorijević
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Poljarević
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tamara Petrović
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Dojčinović
- Centre of Chemistry Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Savić
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Siniša Radulović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Grgurić-Šipka
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sandra Aranđelović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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Busemann A, Araman C, Flaspohler I, Pratesi A, Zhou XQ, van Rixel VHS, Siegler MA, Messori L, van Kasteren SI, Bonnet S. Alkyne Functionalization of a Photoactivated Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complex for Click-Enabled Serum Albumin Interaction Studies. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7710-7720. [PMID: 32396371 PMCID: PMC7268191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Studying metal-protein
interactions is key for understanding the
fate of metallodrugs in biological systems. When a metal complex is
not emissive and too weakly bound for mass spectrometry analysis,
however, it may become challenging to study such interactions. In
this work a synthetic procedure was developed for the alkyne functionalization
of a photolabile ruthenium polypyridyl complex, [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(Hmte)](PF6)2, where tpy = 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine,
bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, and Hmte = 2-(methylthio)ethanol. In
the functionalized complex [Ru(HCC-tpy)(bpy)(Hmte)](PF6)2, where HCC-tpy = 4′-ethynyl-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine,
the alkyne group can be used for bioorthogonal ligation to an azide-labeled
fluorophore using copper-catalyzed “click” chemistry.
We developed a gel-based click chemistry method to study the interaction
between this ruthenium complex and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Our
results demonstrate that visualization of the interaction between
the metal complex and the protein is possible, even when this interaction
is too weak to be studied by conventional means such as UV–vis
spectroscopy or ESI mass spectrometry. In addition, the weak metal
complex-protein interaction is controlled by visible light irradiation, i.e., the complex and the protein do not interact in the
dark, but they do interact via weak van der Waals
interactions after light activation of the complex, which triggers
photosubstitution of the Hmte ligand. A “clickable”
and photosubstitutionally active
ruthenium complex has been prepared that bears a terminal alkyne group.
In the dark, the saturated coordination sphere of the complex prevents
it from interacting with serum albumin. Upon photosubstitution of
one ligand, the complex interacts with the protein via weak interactions that were visualized using copper-catalyzed “click”
chemistry postfunctionalization with an azide fluorophore on polyacrylamide
gel electrophoresis. These studies demonstrate that the metal-protein
interaction is triggered by light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Busemann
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Can Araman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Flaspohler
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Xue-Quan Zhou
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent H S van Rixel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Small Molecule X-ray Facility, Department of Chemistry, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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19
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Franco Machado J, Machuqueiro M, Marques F, Robalo MP, Piedade MFM, Garcia MH, Correia JDG, Morais TS. Novel "ruthenium cyclopentadienyl"-peptide conjugate complexes against human FGFR(+) breast cancer. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5974-5987. [PMID: 32314752 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work we explored the possibility of improving the selectivity of a cytotoxic Ru complex [RuCp(PPh3)(2,2'-bipy)][CF3SO3] (where Cp = η5-cyclopentadienyl) TM34 towards FGFR(+) breast cancer cells. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of TM34 in a phosphatidylcholine membrane model pinpointed the cyclopentadienyl group as a favorable derivatization position for the peptide conjugation approach. Three new Ru(ii) complexes presenting a functionalized η5-cyclopentadienyl were synthesized, namely [Ru(η5-C5H4COOH)(2,2'-bipy)(PPh3)][CF3SO3] (TM281) and its precursors, [Ru(η5-C5H4COOCH2CH3)(η2-2,2'-bipy)(PPh3)][CF3SO3] (3) and [Ru(η5-C5H4COOCH2CH3)(PPh3)2Cl] (2). Complex TM281 was prepared by the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group appended to the η5-cyclopentadienyl ligand of complex 3 with K2CO3 in water/acetonitrile, followed by mild protonation using an ion exchange resin. The newly synthesized complexes were fully characterized by NMR, FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques. Also, electrochemical studies were carried out by means of cyclic voltammetry in order to evaluate the stability of the compounds. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies were carried out for compounds 3 and TM281 which crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n. The unprecedented synthesis and characterization of three half-sandwich ruthenium(ii)-cyclopentadienyl peptide conjugates and their preliminary biological evaluation against human FGFR(+) and FGFR(-) breast cancer cells are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Franco Machado
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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20
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Pilon A, Brás AR, Côrte-Real L, Avecilla F, Costa PJ, Preto A, Garcia MH, Valente A. A New Family of Iron(II)-Cyclopentadienyl Compounds Shows Strong Activity Against Colorectal and Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E1592. [PMID: 32235674 PMCID: PMC7180908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A family of compounds with the general formula [Fe(η5-C5H5)(CO)(PPh3)(NCR)]+ has been synthesized (NCR = benzonitrile (1); 4-hydroxybenzonitrile (2); 4-hydroxymethylbenzonitrile (3); 4-aminobenzonitrile (4); 4-bromobenzonitrile (5); and, 4-chlorocinnamonitrile (6)). All of the compounds were obtained in good yields and were completely characterized by standard spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Compounds 1, 4, and 5 crystallize in the monoclinc P21/c space group and packing is determined by short contacts between the phosphane phenyl rings and cyclopentadienyl (compounds 1 and 4) or π-π lateral interactions between the benzonitrile molecules (complex 5). DFT and TD-DFT calculations were performed to help in the interpretation of the experimental UV-Vis. data and assign the electronic transitions. Cytotoxicity studies in MDA-MB-231 breast and SW480 colorectal cancer-derived cell lines showed IC50 values at a low micromolar range for all of the compounds in both cell lines. The determination of the selectivity index for colorectal cells (SW480 vs. NCM460, a normal colon-derived cell line) indicates that the compounds have some inherent selectivity. Further studies on the SW480 cell line demonstrated that the compounds induce cell death by apoptosis, inhibit proliferation by inhibiting the formation of colonies, and affect the actin-cytoskeleton of the cells. These results are not observed for the hydroxylated compounds 2 and 3, where an alternative mode of action might be present. Overall, the results indicate that the substituent at the nitrile-based ligand is associated to the biological activity of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhan Pilon
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.R.B.); (L.C.-R.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Brás
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.R.B.); (L.C.-R.)
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Edifício 18, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Leonor Côrte-Real
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.R.B.); (L.C.-R.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando Avecilla
- Grupo Xenomar, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Paulo J. Costa
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Campo Grande, C8 bdg, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ana Preto
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Edifício 18, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - M. Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.R.B.); (L.C.-R.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.R.B.); (L.C.-R.)
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Gano L, Pinheiro T, Matos AP, Tortosa F, Jorge TF, Gonçalves MS, Martins M, Morais TS, Valente A, Tomaz AI, Garcia MH, Marques F. Antitumour and Toxicity Evaluation of a Ru(II)-Cyclopentadienyl Complex in a Prostate Cancer Model by Imaging Tools. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1262-1275. [PMID: 30887931 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190318152726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruthenium complexes have been extensively investigated for their prospective value as alternatives to cisplatin. Recently, we reported the in vitro anticancer properties of a family of organometallic ruthenium( II)-cyclopentadienyl complexes and have explored their mechanism of action. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antitumour efficacy and toxicity of one of these Ru(II) compounds, [RuCp(mTPPMSNa)(2,2'-bipy)][CF3SO2] (TM85) which displayed an interesting spectrum of activity against several cancer cells. METHODS Studies to assess the antitumour activity and toxicity were performed in a metastatic prostate (PC3) mice model using ICP-MS, nuclear microscopy, elemental analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). RESULTS TM85 showed low systemic toxicity but no significant tumour reduction, when administered at tolerated dose (20mg/kg) over 10 days. Ru was mainly retained in the liver and less in kidneys, with low accumulation in tumour. Increased bilirubin levels, anomalous Ca and Fe concentrations in liver and mitochondria alterations were indicative of liver injury. The hepatotoxicity observed was less severe than that of cisplatin and no nephrotoxicity was found. CONCLUSION Under the experimental conditions of this study, TM85 is less toxic than cisplatin, induces similar tumour reduction and avoids the formation of metastatic foci. No renal toxicity was observed by the analysis of creatinine levels and the effective renal plasma flow by 99mTc-MAG3 clearance. Hence, it can be considered a valuable compound for further studies in the field of Ru-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lurdes Gano
- Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinheiro
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciencias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António P Matos
- Centro de Investigacao Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Campus Universitario, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Francisco Tortosa
- Instituto de Anatomia Patologica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiago F Jorge
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.,Laboratório de Metabolómica de Plantas, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria S Gonçalves
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Tecnica, Polo Universitario da Ajuda 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular-Joao Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana I Tomaz
- Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria H Garcia
- Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Lisboa, Portugal
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22
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Golbaghi G, Pitard I, Lucas M, Haghdoost MM, de Los Santos YL, Doucet N, Patten SA, Sanderson JT, Castonguay A. Synthesis and biological assessment of a ruthenium(II) cyclopentadienyl complex in breast cancer cells and on the development of zebrafish embryos. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 188:112030. [PMID: 31945643 PMCID: PMC7221417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.112030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-based complexes currently attract great attention as they hold promise to replace platinum-based drugs as a first line cancer treatment. Whereas ruthenium arene complexes are some of the most studied species for their potential anticancer properties, other types of ruthenium complexes have been overlooked for this purpose. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of Ru(II) cyclopentadienyl (Cp), Ru(II) cyclooctadienyl (COD) and Ru(III) complexes bearing anastrozole or letrozole ligands, third-generation aromatase inhibitors currently used for the treatment of estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer. Among these complexes, Ru(II)Cp 2 was the only one that displayed a high stability in DMSO and in cell culture media and consequently, the only complex for which the in vitro and in vivo biological activities were investigated. Unlike anastrozole alone, complex 2 was considerably cytotoxic in vitro (IC50 values < 1 μM) in human ER + breast cancer (T47D and MCF7), triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (MBA-MB-231), and in adrenocortical carcinoma (H295R) cells. Theoretical (docking simulation) and experimental (aromatase catalytic activity) studies suggested that an interaction between 2 and the aromatase enzyme was not likely to occur and that the bulkiness of the PPh3 ligands could be an important factor preventing the complex to reach the active site of the enzyme. Exposure of zebrafish embryos to complex 2 at concentrations around its in vitro cytotoxicity IC50 value (0.1-1 μM) did not lead to noticeable signs of toxicity over 96 h, making it a suitable candidate for further in vivo investigations. This study confirms the potential of Ru(II)Cp complexes for breast cancer therapy, more specifically against TNBCs that are usually not responsive to currently used chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golara Golbaghi
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Irène Pitard
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Matthieu Lucas
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Haghdoost
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Yossef López de Los Santos
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Shunmoogum A Patten
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - J Thomas Sanderson
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| | - Annie Castonguay
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory for the Design of Catalysts and Therapeutics, and Endocrine Toxicology Laboratory, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada.
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23
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Teixeira RG, Marques F, Robalo MP, Fontrodona X, Garcia MH, Geninatti Crich S, Viñas C, Valente A. Ruthenium carboranyl complexes with 2,2′-bipyridine derivatives for potential bimodal therapy application. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16266-16276. [PMID: 35498822 PMCID: PMC9053089 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The substituents at the bipyridine lead to different cell uptake and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo G. Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-006 Bobadela LRS
- Portugal
| | - M. Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química
- Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa
- Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
- 1959-007 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Xavier Fontrodona
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca
- Universitat de Girona
- 17071 Girona
- Spain
| | - M. Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute
- Università di Torino
- 10126 Torino
- Italy
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
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24
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Fernandes AC. Synthesis, Biological Activity and Medicinal Applications of Ruthenium Complexes Containing Carbohydrate Ligands. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6412-6437. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190124124350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The search for new metal-efficient drugs has attracted considerable attention of the
scientific community. Among them, ruthenium complexes have emerged as an excellent alternative
of platinum complexes. This review presents a thorough and timely coverage of the synthesis,
biological activity and medicinal applications of ruthenium complexes bearing carbohydrate ligands,
allowing a large community of readers, in particularly the community that works in organic,
inorganic, bioorganometallic and medicinal chemistry, ready access to the most relevant examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Fernandes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049- 001 Lisboa, Portugal
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25
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Kaneko M, Ishikawa M, Ishihara K, Nakanishi S. Cell-Membrane Permeable Redox Phospholipid Polymers Induce Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:4447-4456. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kaneko
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masahito Ishikawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakanishi
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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26
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Sherman HG, Jovanovic C, Abuawad A, Kim DH, Collins H, Dixon JE, Cavanagh R, Markus R, Stolnik S, Rawson FJ. Mechanistic insight into heterogeneity of trans-plasma membrane electron transport in cancer cell types. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:628-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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27
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Côrte-Real L, Karas B, Brás AR, Pilon A, Avecilla F, Marques F, Preto A, Buckley BT, Cooper KR, Doherty C, Garcia MH, Valente A. Ruthenium-Cyclopentadienyl Bipyridine-Biotin Based Compounds: Synthesis and Biological Effect. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:9135-9149. [PMID: 31241925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prospective anticancer metallodrugs should consider target-specific components in their design in order to overcome the limitations of the current chemotherapeutics. The inclusion of vitamins, which receptors are overexpressed in many cancer cell lines, has proven to be a valid strategy. Therefore, in this paper we report the synthesis and characterization of a set of new compounds [Ru(η5-C5H5)(P(C6H4R)3)(4,4'-R'-2,2'-bpy)]+ (R = F and R' = H, 3; R = F and R' = biotin, 4; R = OCH3 and R' = H, 5; R = OCH3 and R' = biotin, 6), inspired by the exceptional good results recently obtained for the analogue bearing a triphenylphosphane ligand. The precursors for these syntheses were also described following modified literature procedures, [Ru(η5-C5H5)(P(C6H4R)3)2Cl], where R is -F (1) or -OCH3 (2). The structure of all compounds is fully supported by spectroscopic and analytical techniques and by X-ray diffraction studies for compounds 2, 3, and 5. All cationic compounds are cytotoxic in the two breast cancer cell lines tested, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231, and much better than cisplatin under the same experimental conditions. The cytotoxicity of the biotinylated compounds seems to be related with the Ru uptake by the cells expressing biotin receptors, indicating a potential mediated uptake. Indeed, a biotin-avidin study confirmed that the attachment of biotin to the organometallic fragment still allows biotin recognition by the protein. Therefore, the biotinylated compounds might be potent anticancer drugs as they show cytotoxic effect in breast cancer cells at low dose dependent on the compounds' uptake, induce cell death by apoptosis and inhibit the colony formation of cancer cells causing also less severe side effects in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Côrte-Real
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Brittany Karas
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute , Rutgers University , 170 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Rutgers University , 76 Lipman Drive , New Brunswick New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Ana Rita Brás
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal.,Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology , University of Minho , Portugal. Campus de Gualtar , Braga 4710-057 , Portugal
| | - Adhan Pilon
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Fernando Avecilla
- Grupo Xenomar, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias , Universidade da Coruña , Campus de A Coruña , 15071 A Coruña , Spain
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Te'cnico (C2TN/IST) , Universidade de Lisboa , Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7) , 2695-066 Bobadela LRS , Portugal
| | - Ana Preto
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology , University of Minho , Portugal. Campus de Gualtar , Braga 4710-057 , Portugal
| | - Brian T Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute , Rutgers University , 170 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Keith R Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Rutgers University , 76 Lipman Drive , New Brunswick New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Cathleen Doherty
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute , Rutgers University , 170 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
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28
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Moreira T, Francisco R, Comsa E, Duban-Deweer S, Labas V, Teixeira-Gomes AP, Combes-Soia L, Marques F, Matos A, Favrelle A, Rousseau C, Zinck P, Falson P, Garcia MH, Preto A, Valente A. Polymer "ruthenium-cyclopentadienyl" conjugates - New emerging anti-cancer drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 168:373-384. [PMID: 30826512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to understand the biological activity and the mechanism of action of three polymer-'ruthenium-cyclopentadienyl' conjugates (RuPMC) and a low molecular weight parental compound (Ru1) in cancer cells. Several biological assays were performed in ovarian (A2780) and breast (MCF7, MDA-MB-231) human cancer derived cell lines as well as in A2780cis, a cisplatin resistant cancer cell line. Our results show that all compounds have high activity towards cancer cells with low IC50 values in the micromolar range. We observed that all Ru-PMC compounds are mainly found inside the cells, in contrast with the parental low molecular weight compound Ru1 that was mainly found at the membrane. All compounds induced mitochondrial alterations. PMC3 and Ru1 caused F-actin cytoskeleton morphology changes and reduced the clonogenic ability of the cells. The conjugate PMC3 induced apoptosis at low concentrations comparing to cisplatin and could overcame the platinum resistance of A2780cis cancer cells. A proteomic analysis showed that these compounds induce alterations in several cellular proteins which are related to the phenotypic disorders induced by them. Our results suggest that PMC3 is foreseen as a lead candidate to future studies and acting through a different mechanism of action than cisplatin. Here we established the potential of these Ru compounds as new metallodrugs for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Moreira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal. Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Rita Francisco
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal. Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Elisabeta Comsa
- Drug Resistance & Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, CNRS-UCBL1 UMR 5086, IBCP, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Duban-Deweer
- Laboratoire de la barrière hémato-encéphalique (LBHE), Plateau Spectrométrie de Masse de l'ARTois (SMART), Université d'Artois, EA 2465, Lens, F-62300, France
| | - Valérie Labas
- Plate-forme de Chirurgie et d'Imagerie pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement (CIRE), Pôle d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Biomolécules (PAIB), PR China, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ana-Paula Teixeira-Gomes
- Plate-forme de Chirurgie et d'Imagerie pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement (CIRE), Pôle d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Biomolécules (PAIB), PR China, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Lucie Combes-Soia
- Plate-forme de Chirurgie et d'Imagerie pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement (CIRE), Pôle d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Biomolécules (PAIB), PR China, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, E.N.10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - António Matos
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Audrey Favrelle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Cyril Rousseau
- Unity of Catalysis and Solid State Chemistry, UMR CNRS 8181, University of Artois, 62000, Lens, France
| | - Philippe Zinck
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Falson
- Drug Resistance & Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, CNRS-UCBL1 UMR 5086, IBCP, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Preto
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal. Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Cabral Campello MP, Palma E, Correia I, Paulo PMR, Matos A, Rino J, Coimbra J, Pessoa JC, Gambino D, Paulo A, Marques F. Lanthanide complexes with phenanthroline-based ligands: insights into cell death mechanisms obtained by microscopy techniques. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4611-4624. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological properties of four lanthanide complexes with phenanthroline derivatives in ovarian cancer cells.
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Côrte-Real L, Karas B, Gírio P, Moreno A, Avecilla F, Marques F, Buckley BT, Cooper KR, Doherty C, Falson P, Garcia MH, Valente A. Unprecedented inhibition of P-gp activity by a novel ruthenium-cyclopentadienyl compound bearing a bipyridine-biotin ligand. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:853-863. [PMID: 30579125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two new ruthenium complexes, [Ru(η5-Cp)(PPh3)(2,2'-bipy-4,4'-R)]+ with R = -CH2OH (Ru1) or dibiotin ester (Ru2) were synthesized and fully characterized. Both compounds were tested against two types of breast cancer cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), showing better cytotoxicity than cisplatin in the same experimental conditions. Since multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main problems in cancer chemotherapy, we have assessed the potential of these compounds to overcome resistance to treatments. Ru2 showed exceptional selectivity as P-gp inhibitor, while Ru1 is possibly a substrate. In vivo studies in zebrafish showed that Ru2 is well tolerated up to 1.17 mg/L, presenting a LC50 of 5.73 mg/L at 5 days post fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Côrte-Real
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Brittany Karas
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, 76 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Patrícia Gírio
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Alexis Moreno
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Fernando Avecilla
- Grupo Xenomar, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Brian T Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Keith R Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, 76 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Cathleen Doherty
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Pierre Falson
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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31
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Lenis-Rojas OA, Robalo MP, Tomaz AI, Carvalho A, Fernandes AR, Marques F, Folgueira M, Yáñez J, Vázquez-García D, López Torres M, Fernández A, Fernández JJ. RuII(p-cymene) Compounds as Effective and Selective Anticancer Candidates with No Toxicity in Vivo. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13150-13166. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - M. Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL-Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo 1, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Carvalho
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologías Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, E.N. 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Mónica Folgueira
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1 6BT, U.K
| | - Julián Yáñez
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Margarita López Torres
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús J. Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
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Varol M, Benkli K, Koparal AT, Bostancıoğlu RB. Design and synthesis of novel organometallic complexes using boronated phenylalanine derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 42:436-443. [PMID: 30208738 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1504057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug design and discovery studies are important because of the prevalence of diseases without available medical cures. New anticancer agents are particularly urgent because of the high mortality rate associated with cancer. A series of mononuclear gold (III) and platinum (II) complexes based on boronated phenylalanine (BPA) were designed and synthesized using 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-dipyridyl (L1) or 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dion (L2) ligands to obtain promising anticancer drug candidates. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, mass spectrometry, and elemental analyses were utilized for chemical characterizations. Cell viability, cancer cell colony formation, endothelial tube formation, and cytoskeleton staining assays were performed using A549 lung adenocarcinoma and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to investigate preliminary pharmacological activities. L1-based platinum (II) complex (BPA-L1-Pt) was the most promising complex, and has similar activity with the approved chemotherapy drug cis-platinum. Half maximal inhibitory concentration values for BPA-L1-Pt were 9.15 µM on A549s and 16.61 µM on HUVECs; the values for cis-platinum were 5.24 µM on A549s and 23.14 µM on HUVECs. Consequently, further synthesis studies should be performed to boost the cancer cell selectivity feature of BPA by varying metal and ligand types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Varol
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Mugla Sitki Kocman University , Mugla , Turkey.,b Faculty of Science, Department of Biology , Anadolu University , Eskisehir , Turkey
| | - Kadriye Benkli
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University , İstanbul , Turkey.,d Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Anadolu University , Eskisehir , Turkey
| | - Ayşe T Koparal
- b Faculty of Science, Department of Biology , Anadolu University , Eskisehir , Turkey
| | - Rakibe B Bostancıoğlu
- b Faculty of Science, Department of Biology , Anadolu University , Eskisehir , Turkey
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Côrte-Real L, Teixeira RG, Gírio P, Comsa E, Moreno A, Nasr R, Baubichon-Cortay H, Avecilla F, Marques F, Robalo MP, Mendes P, Ramalho JPP, Garcia MH, Falson P, Valente A. Methyl-cyclopentadienyl Ruthenium Compounds with 2,2′-Bipyridine Derivatives Display Strong Anticancer Activity and Multidrug Resistance Potential. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4629-4639. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Côrte-Real
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo G. Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Gírio
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Elisabeta Comsa
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Alexis Moreno
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Rachad Nasr
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Hélène Baubichon-Cortay
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Fernando Avecilla
- Grupo Xenomar, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico (C2TN/IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - M. Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Mendes
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Química de Évora, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - João P. Prates Ramalho
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Química de Évora, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - M. Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pierre Falson
- Drug Resistance and Membrane Proteins Team, Molecular Biology and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP 7 Passage du Vercors, 69 367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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34
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Oliveira KM, Liany LD, Corrêa RS, Deflon VM, Cominetti MR, Batista AA. Selective Ru(II)/lawsone complexes inhibiting tumor cell growth by apoptosis. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 176:66-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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35
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Lenis-Rojas OA, Roma-Rodrigues C, Fernandes AR, Marques F, Pérez-Fernández D, Guerra-Varela J, Sánchez L, Vázquez-García D, López-Torres M, Fernández A, Fernández JJ. Dinuclear RuII(bipy)2 Derivatives: Structural, Biological, and in Vivo Zebrafish Toxicity Evaluation. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:7127-7144. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas
- Departamento de Química Fundamental & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da
Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da
Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências
e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela, LRS, Portugal
| | - David Pérez-Fernández
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología
Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Jorge Guerra-Varela
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología
Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología
Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química Fundamental & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Margarita López-Torres
- Departamento de Química Fundamental & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departamento de Química Fundamental & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús J. Fernández
- Departamento de Química Fundamental & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
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36
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Cyclopentadienyl-ruthenium(II) complexes as efficient catalysts for the reduction of carbonyl compounds. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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A survey of the mechanisms of action of anticancer transition metal complexes. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:2263-2286. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes have been the subject of numerous investigations in oncology but, despite the plethora of newly synthesized compounds, their precise mechanisms of action remain generally unknown or, for the best, incompletely determined. The continuous development of efficient and sensitive techniques in analytical chemistry and molecular biology gives scientists new tools to gather information on how metal complexes can be effective toward cancer. This review focuses on recent findings about the anticancer mechanism of action of metal complexes and how the ligands can be used to tune their pharmacological and physicochemical properties.
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Lenis-Rojas OA, Fernandes AR, Roma-Rodrigues C, Baptista PV, Marques F, Pérez-Fernández D, Guerra-Varela J, Sánchez L, Vázquez-García D, Torres ML, Fernández A, Fernández JJ. Heteroleptic mononuclear compounds of ruthenium(ii): synthesis, structural analyses, in vitro antitumor activity and in vivo toxicity on zebrafish embryos. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:19127-19140. [PMID: 27868117 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03591d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The limitations of platinum complexes in cancer treatment have motivated the extensive investigation into other metal complexes such as ruthenium. We herein present the synthesis and characterization of a new family of ruthenium compounds 1a-5a with the general formula [Ru(bipy)2L][CF3SO3]2 (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; L = bidentate ligand: N,N; N,P; P,P; P,As) which have been characterized by elemental analysis, ES-MS, 1H and 31P-{1H} NMR, FTIR and conductivity measurements. The molecular structures of four Ru(ii) complexes were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All compounds displayed moderate cytotoxic activity in vitro against human A2780 ovarian, MCF7 breast and HCT116 colorectal tumor cells. Compound 5a was the most cytotoxic compound against A2780 and MCF7 tumor cells with an IC50 of 4.75 ± 2.82 μM and 20.02 ± 1.46 μM, respectively. The compounds showed no cytotoxic effect on normal human primary fibroblasts but rather considerable selectivity for A2780, MCF7 and HCT116 tumor cells. All compounds induce apoptosis and autophagy in A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells and some nuclear DNA fragmentation. All compounds interact with CT-DNA with intrinsic binding constants in the order 1a > 4a > 2a > 3a > 5a. The observed hyperchromic effect may be due to the electrostatic interaction between positively charged cations and the negatively charged phosphate backbone at the periphery of the double helix-CT-DNA. Interestingly, compound 1a shows a concentration dependent DNA double strand cleavage. In addition in vivo toxicity has been evaluated on zebrafish embryos unveiling the differential toxicity between the compounds, with LC50 ranging from 8.67 mg L-1 for compound 1a to 170.30 mg L-1 for compound 2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Lenis-Rojas
- Departamento de Química Fundamental & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.
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Scalese G, Correia I, Benítez J, Rostán S, Marques F, Mendes F, Matos AP, Costa Pessoa J, Gambino D. Evaluation of cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and cellular ultrastructural effects of heteroleptic oxidovanadium(IV) complexes of salicylaldimines and polypyridyl ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 166:162-172. [PMID: 27865131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Searching for prospective vanadium-based drugs for cancer treatment, a new series of structurally related [VIVO(L-2H)(NN)] compounds (1-8) was developed. They include a double deprotonated salicylaldimine Schiff base ligand (L-2H) and different NN-polypyridyl co-ligands having DNA intercalating capacity. Compounds were characterized in solid state and in solution. EPR spectroscopy suggests that the NN ligands act as bidentate and bind through both nitrogen donor atoms in an axial-equatorial mode. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in human tumoral cells (ovarian A2780, breast MCF7, prostate PC3). The cytotoxic activity was dependent on type of cell and incubation time. At 24h PC3 cells presented low sensitivity, but at 72h all complexes showed high cytotoxic activity in all cells. Human kidney HEK293 and ovarian cisplatin resistant A2780cisR cells were also included to evaluate selectivity towards cancer cells and potency to overcome cisplatin resistance, respectively. Most complexes showed no detectable interaction with plasmid DNA, except 2 and 7 which depicted low ability to induce single strand breaks in supercoiled DNA. Based on the overall cytotoxic profile, complexes with 2,2´-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline ligands (1 and 2) were selected for further studies, which consisted on cellular distribution and ultrastructural analyses. In the A2780 cells both depicted different distribution profiles; the former accumulates mostly at the membrane and the latter in the cytoskeleton. Morphology of treated cells showed nuclear atypia and membrane alterations, more severe for 1. Complexes induce different cell death pathways, predominantly necrosis for 1 and apoptosis for 2. Complexes alternative mode of cell death motivates the possibility for further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Scalese
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Isabel Correia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Julio Benítez
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Santiago Rostán
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Filipa Mendes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - António Pedro Matos
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - João Costa Pessoa
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Dinorah Gambino
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Maroto-Díaz M, Elie BT, Gómez-Sal P, Pérez-Serrano J, Gómez R, Contel M, Javier de la Mata F. Synthesis and anticancer activity of carbosilane metallodendrimers based on arene ruthenium(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:7049-66. [PMID: 26990859 PMCID: PMC4863959 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00465b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of new organometallic carbosilane dendrimers (first and second generation) and the corresponding non-dendritic mononuclear based on ruthenium arene fragments are described. The metallodendrimers were prepared by reactions of the precursor [Ru(η(6)-p-cymene)Cl2]2 with carbosilane dendrimers functionalized with N-donor monodentate ligands such as NH2- and pyridine, or with N,O-, N,N-chelating imine ligands. While the dendrimer precursors are insoluble in DMSO or water, novel metallodendrimers are soluble in DMSO and some of them are even highly soluble in water. The molecular structure of the "Ru-NH2" mononuclear compound (zero generation) was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The cytotoxicity activity of these dendritic structures was evaluated in several human cancer cell lines and compared with that of the corresponding mononuclear ruthenium complexes. Most compounds display significant cytotoxic activities in the low micromolar range with the first generation ruthenium dendrimers being the most active compounds. The cell death type for selected compounds has been studied as well as their reactivity towards relevant biomolecules such as DNA, Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and Cathepsin-B. All the data point to a mode of action different from that of cisplatin for most complexes. First generation ruthenium dendrimers inhibit Cathepsin-B, which may suggest potential antimetastatic properties of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maroto-Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain. and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Benelita T Elie
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA. and Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pilar Gómez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
| | - Jorge Pérez-Serrano
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain. and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - María Contel
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA. and Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain. and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
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Tracking antitumor metallodrugs: promising agents with the Ru(II)- and Fe(II)-cyclopentadienyl scaffolds. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:527-44. [PMID: 27096164 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.16.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the field of metal complexes for the treatment of cancer diseases has attracted increasing interest due to the urgency in finding more efficient and selective treatments. Owing to their wide structural diversity, organometallic complexes appear as potential alternatives to the design of new anticancer candidates. Herein, we review recent progress in our work toward the development of new drugs based on Ru(II)- and Fe(II)-cyclopentadienyl scaffolds. Their design and chemical properties are reviewed and correlated with their biological effects, in particular the key role that coligands play in the overall behavior of the complex.
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The key role of coligands in novel ruthenium(II)-cyclopentadienyl bipyridine derivatives: Ranging from non-cytotoxic to highly cytotoxic compounds. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 150:148-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zhang S, Wang J, Xu W, Liu Y, Wang W, Wu K, Wang Z, Zhang X. Antibacterial effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine monomers against Streptococcus pneumoniae via inhibiting pneumococcal histidine kinase (VicK). Front Microbiol 2015; 6:479. [PMID: 26042111 PMCID: PMC4438233 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-component systems (TCSs) have the potential to be an effective target of the antimicrobials, and thus received much attention in recent years. VicK/VicR is one of TCSs in Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), which is essential for pneumococcal survival. We have previously obtained several Traditional Chinese Medicine monomers using a computer-based screening. In this study, either alone or in combination with penicillin, their antimicrobial activities were evaluated based on in vivo and in vitro assays. The results showed that the MICs of 5'-(Methylthio)-5'-deoxyadenosine, octanal 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, deoxyshikonin, kavahin, and dodecyl gallate against S. pneumoniae were 37.1, 38.5, 17, 68.5, and 21 μg/mL, respectively. Time-killing assays showed that these compounds elicited bactericidal effects against S. pneumoniae D39 strain, which led to a 6-log reduction in CFU after exposure to compounds at four times of the MIC for 24 h. The five compounds inhibited the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans or Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, meanwhile, deoxyshikonin and dodecyl gallate displayed strong inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus. These compounds showed no obvious cytotoxicity effects on Vero cells. Survival time of the mice infected by S. pneumoniae strains was prolonged by the treatment with the compounds. Importantly, all of the five compounds exerted antimicrobial effects against multidrug-resistant clinical strains of S. pneumoniae. Moreover, even at sub-MIC concentration, they inhibited cell division and biofilm formation. The five compounds all have enhancement effect on penicillin. Deoxyshikonin and dodecyl gallate showed significantly synergic antimicrobial activity with penicillin in vivo and in vitro, and effectively reduced nasopharyngeal and lung colonization caused by different penicillin-resistant pneumococcal serotypes. In addition, the two compounds also showed synergic antimicrobial activity with erythromycin and tetracycline. Taken together, our results suggest that these novel VicK inhibitors may be promising compounds against the pneumococcus, including penicillin-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Wenchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Yusi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
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Florindo PR, Pereira DM, Borralho PM, Rodrigues CMP, Piedade MFM, Fernandes AC. Cyclopentadienyl-ruthenium(II) and iron(II) organometallic compounds with carbohydrate derivative ligands as good colorectal anticancer agents. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4339-47. [PMID: 25923600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New ruthenium(II) and iron(II) organometallic compounds of general formula [(η(5)-C5H5)M(PP)Lc][PF6], bearing carbohydrate derivative ligands (Lc), were prepared and fully characterized and the crystal structures of five of those compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Cell viability of colon cancer HCT116 cell line was determined for a total of 23 organometallic compounds and SAR's data analysis within this library showed an interesting dependency of the cytotoxic activity on the carbohydrate moiety, linker, phosphane coligands, and metal center. More importantly, two compounds, 14Ru and 18Ru, matched oxaliplatin IC50 (0.45 μM), the standard metallodrug used in CC chemotherapeutics, and our leading compound 14Ru was shown to be significantly more cytotoxic than oxaliplatin to HCT116 cells, triggering higher levels of caspase-3 and -7 activity and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro R Florindo
- †Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diane M Pereira
- ‡Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Borralho
- ‡Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- ‡Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F M Piedade
- †Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.,§Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana C Fernandes
- †Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Frik M, Martínez A, Elie BT, Gonzalo O, Ramírez de Mingo D, Sanaú M, Sánchez-Delgado R, Sadhukha T, Prabha S, Ramos JW, Marzo I, Contel M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of water-soluble iminophosphorane ruthenium(II) compounds. A potential chemotherapeutic agent for triple negative breast cancer. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9995-10012. [PMID: 25409416 PMCID: PMC4266334 DOI: 10.1021/jm5012337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
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A series
of organometallic ruthenium(II) complexes containing iminophosphorane
ligands have been synthesized and characterized. Cationic compounds
with chloride as counterion are soluble in water (70–100 mg/mL).
Most compounds (especially highly water-soluble 2) are
more cytotoxic to a number of human cancer cell lines than cisplatin.
Initial mechanistic studies indicate that the cell death type for
these compounds is mainly through canonical or caspase-dependent apoptosis,
nondependent on p53, and that the compounds do not interact with DNA
or inhibit protease cathepsin B. In vivo experiments of 2 on MDA-MB-231 xenografts in NOD.CB17-Prkdc SCID/J mice showed an
impressive tumor reduction (shrinkage) of 56% after 28 days of treatment
(14 doses of 5 mg/kg every other day) with low systemic toxicity.
Pharmacokinetic studies showed a quick absorption of 2 in plasma with preferential accumulation in the breast tumor tissues
when compared to kidney and liver, which may explain its high efficacy
in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Frik
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York , 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
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